(共41张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas
素养导航 明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词
重点
短语 pick up make it to on the way consist of turn into all of a sudden suffer from
核心
语法 省略句
主题
写作 安全指南
disaster erupt immediately occur reliable rescue claim threaten precisely
sufficient shelter
文化
意识 理解保护自然的重要性
提高安全意识与自我保护能力
思维
品质 运用恰当的方法解决学习问题
正确理解人类生活与自然的关系
增强保护和改善环境的意识
学习
能力 熟练运用本单元所学的话题词汇
学会用英语描写自然灾害
了解全球共同面临的环境问题
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Reading for the main idea
The main idea of the passage is that
.
the high temperature made the author worried
Activity 2 Skimming for main structure
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
30 plus
air conditioning
higher
his flat
boat
the top floor
swim
natural disasters
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why does the author talk about the newspaper title
A.To tell us something about the weather.
B.To show that the newspaper is free.
C.To introduce the topic of this passage.
D.To tell us the Tube is very hot.
答案 C
2.What do the words “the feeling” refer to in the second paragraph
A.The author feels sick and worries that he can’t arrive at the Bank station.
B.The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
C.The passengers are very unfriendly.
D.There are too many passengers in the Tube.
答案 A
3.Which of the following doesn’t belong to the author’s preparations for the future
A.Moving the flat to another city.
B.Buying a boat.
C.Moving the office to the top floor.
D.Learning to swim.
答案 A
4.How does the author feel about the reports of natural disasters around the world
A.Excited. B.Relaxed.
C.Shocked. D.Embarrassed.
5.What can we learn from the passage
A.There is a volcano in London erupting now.
B.The working place will move to the top floor.
C.The author wants to sell his flat and buy a boat.
D.The temperature in London is higher than before.
答案 C
答案 D
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What is the highest temperature in your city
2.How do you deal with the extreme temperatures
The answer is varied.
The answer is varied.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing the author’s plan for the future.
(1)I should probably put my flat on the market and buy a boat.
(2)I’ll speak with my manager about moving to the top floor.
(3)Most importantly,I will need to learn to swim! I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing the content of the newspaper.
(1)Looking through my newspaper,I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
(2)What’s more,heavy rain in Eastern Europe has caused landslides,and the heat across Southern Europe has caused forest fires.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
I pick 1. a free newspaper at the Tube station and see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot!”.Today,the temperature in London is expected 2._________ (reach) 30 plus degrees.While going down the stairs and onto the platform,I feel like jumping into 3. volcano that is erupting.However,it is much
4. (bad)on the train because there is no air conditioning.With so many people on the train,I feel I am melting into one with the person
5. is next to me.6. (stand) on the crowded hot train,I feel sick and uncomfortable.
up
to reach
a
worse
who/that
Standing
With the temperature getting higher each year,I think I should be well prepared for the change.Perhaps,I should sell my flat and buy a boat so that I will be able to get to work when the Thames 7. (rise).I will also speak with my manager about moving my office to the top floor.Most 8. (important),I should learn to swim immediately so as to survive when the tall buildings are flooded.Since it’s difficult to avoid
9. (disaster) on Earth,perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
In the end,I manage to make 10. to the Bank station.Walking out of the station,I feel much more comfortable.Anyhow,it is only 30 degrees outside.
rises
importantly
disasters
it
Activity 7 长难句分析
1. Sure enough,going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting.
现在分词短语作主语
定语从句
[尝试翻译]
果然,走下楼梯,迈上站台就像是跳进正在爆发的火山一样。
2. Looking through my newspaper,I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
现在分词短语作状语
现在分词短语作后置定语
that引导宾语从句
[尝试翻译]
翻阅报纸的时候,我被一组照片震惊到了,照片显示亚洲的一场飓风摧毁了一个城镇。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇 1. n.灾难,灾祸
2. adj.(用于数字后面表示)多,余
3. v.预测,预报
识记阅读词汇 1.tube n.
2.the Tube
3.hurricane n.
4.landslide n.
disaster
plus
forecast
管子
(伦敦的)地下铁道,地铁
飓风
山崩,滑坡
串记拓展词汇 1.erupt v.(火山)爆发,喷发→ n.(火山)爆发,喷发
2.immediately adv.即刻,马上→ adj.立即的;目前的;迫切的
3.occur v.发生→ n.发生;出现;发生/存在的事情
4.announcement n.通告,公告→ v.宣布,宣告
eruption
immediate
occurrence
announce
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-ence加在动词或动词词根后面,表示行为或该行为的性质、状态等。
occur v.发生→occurrence n.发生;出现;出现的事情
depend v.依靠→dependence n.依靠
differ v.不同→difference n.不同;差异
prefer v.更喜欢→preference n.偏爱
重点短语
1. 对……作出反应
2. 捡起,拿起
3. 走下楼梯
4. 与……相比较;与……相比
5. 及时赶到……
6. 浏览
7. 终究;毕竟
react to
pick up
go down the stairs
compared to/with
make it to...
look through
after all
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.disaster n.灾难,灾祸
【佳句背诵】The famine turned the normal modulation of climate into disaster.[环境变化]
饥荒将正常的气候变化演变成了灾难。
2.immediately adv.即刻,马上
【佳句背诵】Employees were urged to evacuate their offices immediately.[活动安排]
已敦促各雇员立即从办公室撤出。
3.hurricane n.飓风
【佳句背诵】People were evacuated from the coastal regions in advance of the hurricane.[活动安排]
飓风袭来之前,沿海地带的人已经撤离。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.compared to... 和……比起来,与……相比
(1)compare...with/and...把……和……加以比较 compare...to...把……比作…… (2)comparison n.比较;对比 in/by comparison with 与……相比较
【佳句背诵】Compared to/with your elder brother,you should make greater efforts to study English.[语言学习]
和你哥哥相比,你应该更加努力地学习英语。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①If you compare Peter’s work Tom’s,you will find many differences.
②As a famous saying goes,“Life is compared a voyage.”
③It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents,
(compare) with 16% in 1991.
④与其他国家相比,中国的自然资源十分丰富。
→ ,China is abundant in natural resources.
→ ,China is abundant in natural resources.
with/to
to
compared
Compared to/with other countries
By/In comparison with other countries
2.look through 浏览;翻阅;仔细检查;透过……看
look after照顾,照料 look for寻找 look at看;考虑;着眼于 look forward to期待,盼望 look out(=watch out)小心,当心 look back on回顾;回忆 look on...as...把……看作 look up抬头向上看;查阅
【佳句背诵】He looked through the newspaper and found some useful information.[动作描写]
他浏览报纸,发现了一些有用的信息。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/用look的相关短语填空
①She looked a window and found a lovely girl in the crowd.
②It suddenly occurred to me that I could look the new words in this chapter in the dictionary or on the Internet.
③Whenever I this old picture,I will my past,
childhood memories.At that time,I was _________________ going to a medical college.I used to books on medicine,because I nursing my profession and wanted to work in the hospital to patients.
through
up
look at
look back on
looking for
looking forward to
look through
looked on
as
look after
3.occur v.发生,出现;想起
(1)sth.occurs to sb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中;某人想到…… It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想到做某事 It occurs to sb.that...=It strikes/hits sb.that...某人突然想到…… (2)occurrence n.发生的事情;出现,发生
【佳句背诵】If headaches only occur at night,lack of fresh air is often the cause.[生活常识]
如果只是在晚上头疼,那常常是由于缺乏新鲜空气。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①A good idea occurred him when he was asked to solve the problem.
②It never occurred to her (ask) for anyone when she was in trouble.
③他想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。
→ he had left his keys in the office.(occur)
→ he had left his keys in the office.(hit)
→ he had left his keys in the office.(strike)
to
to ask
It occurred to him that
It hit him that
It struck him that
4.due to 由于,因为(to为介词)
(1)due adj.预定,预期;到期(通常用作表语或后置定语) be due to do sth.预计/预期做某事(to为不定式符号) (2)due adj.应支付,应给予 be due to sb.应付给某人;应给予某人(to为介词)
【佳句背诵】The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.[活动安排]
这项工程由于缺乏政府的资助而不得不中止。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Her health has broken down due her working too hard.
②The sports meeting,originally due to (hold) last Saturday,was finally put off because of the heavy rain.
③他们应得的钱付给他们了吗
Have they been paid the money __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
to
be held
that is due
to them
5.announcement n.通告,公告
(1)make an announcement 下通知;宣布 (2)announce vt.宣布;通知 It is announced that...据称/据宣布…… announce to sb.sth./that...向某人宣布某事/……
【佳句背诵】Share library announcements on your social media.[社会生活]
在你的社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①The minister made an (announce) at the news conference.
②The local media announced the public that twelve people in all were injured in the accident last night.
③据宣布,国庆节将要举行一场庆祝会。
__________ __________ __________ __________ there’ll be a celebration on National Day.
announcement
to
It is announced that
、
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
tube
A.电视机 B.(人体内的) 管状器官
C.管子 D.伦敦地下铁道
①The lungs are in fact constructed of thousands of tiny tubes.
②I went out today and bought a tube of toothpaste.
③The only baseball he saw was on the tube.
④The tube roared in the tunnel quickly.
B
C
A
D
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
plus
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. The work will cost ￡10,000 plus.
生义 adj. One of the hotel’s plus points is that it is very central.
(用于数字后面表示)多,余
优点的,好的
、
重点句式——多维剖析
now that引导原因状语从句
【教材原句】Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth,perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
既然在地球上难逃一劫,或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了……
句中now that 用作连词,引导原因状语从句,口语中that可省略,相当于since,强调人们已知的事实。 (1)引导原因状语从句的连词还有because,since,as等。 (2)引导原因状语的介词短语有due to,owing to,on account of,because of, thanks to等。
【佳句背诵】Now that we’ve come to Beijing,let’s visit the Palace Museum.[提供建议]
我们既然来北京了,就参观一下故宫博物院吧。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Thanks our hard work,we can finish the task on time.
② the traffic was so busy,she failed to arrive at the station on time.
③The town was cut off from the rest of the world due heavy snow.
④既然你把所有事情都准备好了,我们可以开始了。
_____________________________________________________
to
Because
to
Now that you have got everything ready,we can get started.(共37张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Section C Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Reading for the main idea
The main idea of the passage is
.
the author’s experience and optimistic attitude in the terrible hurricane
Activity 2 Skimming for main structure
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
frightened
flew off/was blown away
smelled/smelt so bad everywhere
always try to see the good side of things
happy
came home just in time
rebuild our homes and our lives
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A.The author remembers much about the hurricane clearly.
B.The author’s house was destroyed in the storm.
C.The author’s mom felt hopeless while they were in the open air.
D.There was water everywhere for them to drink.
答案 B
2.What do we learn about the author’s family
A.The author’s cat was blown away.
B.Mom was successful in running out of the house.
C.They went out by boat on the “street river”.
D.It became unsafe for them to stay at home.
答案 D
3.We can infer from the fourth paragraph that .
A.there were many mosquitos in the open air
B.it was easy for them to stay positive in that situation
C.the author’s mom kept on complaining about the hurricane
D.they had lost a lot,which made all of them hopeless
答案 A
4.We can infer from the passage that the author’s mother is .
A.hopeless and weak
B.positive and calm
C.humorous and shy
D.bad-tempered and childish
答案 B
5.The passage is developed by .
A.using examples
B.analyzing causes
C.making comparisons
D.following time order
答案 D
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.If you were the author,what would you do
2.What could be done to help the helpless people
The answer is varied.
The answer is varied.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing the life after the hurricane.
(1)At first,I was pleased we could stay at home,but soon it got really tough. Without a roof,staying inside was too dangerous.There was water everywhere, but we couldn’t drink any of it otherwise we’d get really sick.We just had drinking water that was sent to us by helicopter,but it was never enough.It was August,so it was really,really hot and it smelled so bad everywhere! I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie.
(2)Living in the open air,we became breakfast,lunch and dinner for the mosquitos.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) describing the life one year later.
Now,one year has passed and I’m back home in New Orleans.Some families have yet to return,but many others have come back.Although we are surrounded by reminders of the disaster,we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives.Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans,their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
I was sitting in the room with my cat Smartie when the roof of our house flew off.I was so 1. (frighten) that I didn’t know what to do.The rain was just pouring down so hard that our street turned 2. a river in seconds,which made us unable to go anywhere.
Without a roof,we found 3. too dangerous to stay at home.There was water everywhere,but we couldn’t drink any of it.We could only drink the water 4. (send) to us by helicopter,but it was never enough. Besides,it was so hot in the summer and it smelled terrible.5. (live)
frightened
into
it
sent
Living
Looking at the stars in the sky gave us hope for the future.9.__________ (lucky),Smartie returned home before we 10. (take) to another faraway town.Now I’m back home.We are now rebuilding our homes and lives.
in the open air,we were disturbed by 6. (mosquito).We felt sad,but Mom told us to see the good side of things whatever happens.She
7. (remind) us that we were all together and safe,8._________ made us feel better.
mosquito(e)s
reminded
which
Luckily
were taken
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.But Mom said that whatever happens,we should always try to see the good side of things.
引导宾语从句
让步状语从句
[尝试翻译]
但是妈妈说,不管发生什么事,我们都应该总是尽力看到事情好的一面。
[尝试翻译]
2. We were so happy to take him with us,although then,none of us knew that we wouldn’t be back for quite a while.
引导让步状语从句
宾语从句
我们很高兴带他一起去,虽然那时候我们谁也不知道我们要很长时间才能回来。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇 1. n.人造卫星
2. num.十亿
3. adv.什么地方都不,无处
4. adv.否则,要不然
5. n.子夜,午夜
6. n.(美国等国家的)县;(英国的)郡
7. n.庇护,掩蔽
satellite
billion
nowhere
otherwise
midnight
county
shelter
识记阅读词汇 1.lap n.
2.helicopter n.
3.mosquito n.
4.the Big Dipper
5.the Little Dipper
6.the Milky Way
7.property n.
(坐着时的)大腿部
直升机
蚊子
北斗七星
小北斗七星
银河
所有物,资产,财产
串记拓展词汇 1.precisely adv.精确地,准确地→ adj.准确的;确切的;明确的
2.sufficient adj.足够的,充足的→ adv.足以;充分地;最大限度地
3.threat n.威胁;可能会带来的危险的人(事)
→ v.威胁到,危及
precise
sufficiently
threaten
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-en一般加在形容词或名词后面,意为“使……;变得……”等。
sharp adj.尖的→sharpen v.削尖
soft adj.柔软的→soften v.使柔软
strength n.力量→strengthen v.加强
length n.长度→lengthen v.变长
重点短语
1. 突然快速地离开,消失或分开
2. 突然
3. 变成
4. 很快地,马上
5. 来来回回,上上下下
6. 留下;当心
7. 在户外,在室外
8. 继续(做某事)
9. 还没有
10. 继续前进
fly off
all of a sudden
turn into
in seconds/in a second
up and down
look out for
in the open air
keep on (doing sth.)
have yet to
move on
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.threat n.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)
【佳句背诵】Supplies are under increasing threat from overuse and pollution.[环境保护]
供应正受到日益增长的过度使用和污染的威胁。
2.property n.所有物,资产,财产
【佳句背诵】Tenants are responsible for the upkeep of rented property.[社会生活]
承租人应负责维修租用的房产。
3.sufficient adj.足够的,充足的
【佳句背诵】He objected that the police had arrested him without sufficient evidence.[人物描写]
他抗辩说警察没有充分证据就逮捕了他。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.otherwise adv.否则,要不然;除此之外;别样,亦;在其他方面
or otherwise或相反,或其他情况
【佳句背诵】My parents lent me money.Otherwise,I couldn’t have afforded the trip.[个人生活]
我父母借钱给我了。否则,我可付不起这次旅费。
【即学即练】语境辨义/句型转换
①“Otherwise,I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
②There was some music playing upstairs.Otherwise the house was silent.
③I can’t greet you on Sunday;I will be otherwise occupied.
④If you don’t seize the chance,you will regret it.
→Seize the chance, .
否则
除此之外
在其他方面
otherwise/or you will regret it
2.keep on(doing sth.) 继续(做某事)
(1)keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep sb.doing sth.使某人一直做某事 keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 (2)keep up with跟上……;了解(形势/消息等) keep up坚持;维持;保留/沿袭(风俗、传统等) keep away from不靠近/远离…… keep off不靠近;远离;勿踩;勿踏 keep/bear...in mind记住……
【佳句背诵】In order to keep up with his classmates,he keeps on working hard.[个人成长]
为了跟上他的同学,他一直在努力学习。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Reading satisfied my desire to keep (learn).
②He kept his son (run) on the track in spite of the strong wind.
③Try to keep the children throwing food all over the floor.
④坚持下去,你迟早会成功的!
,and you will succeed sooner or later!
⑤记住没有什么能取代你父母的爱。
__________ __________ __________ that nothing can take the place of your parents’ love.
learning
running
from
Keep up
Keep/Bear in mind
3.shelter n.庇护,掩蔽;住处;庇护处,避难处
v.为……提供庇护处;躲避
(1)take shelter from...躲避…… under the shelter of...在……的庇护下 (2)shelter...from...保护……免受……
【佳句背诵】Those tourists were caught in a thunderstorm.What’s worse,they couldn’t find anywhere to shelter.[事件描写]
那些游客遭遇了雷雨。更糟糕的是,他们找不到任何可以躲雨的地方。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①We sat in the shade, (shelter)from the burning sun.
②Tom has grown up happily the shelter of his parents.
③We reached an abandoned house,where we took shelter the rain.
④Some parents are just too protective.They want to __________ __________ __________ __________ (保护他们的孩子免受)every kind of danger,real or imagined.
sheltering
under
from
shelter their
children from
、
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
country
A.国家 B.地区 C.乡下 D.全国人民
①The rich benefited from the reforms,not the country as a whole.
②We spent a pleasant day in the country.
③It’s good to meet people from different parts of the country.
④Varese Ligure is a small town in mountainous country east of Genoa.
D
C
A
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
property
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. Be careful not to damage other people’s property.
生义 n. Compare the physical properties of the two substances.
所有物,资产,财产
性质,特性
、
重点句式——多维剖析
was/were doing...when...“正在做……这时……”
【教材原句】I was sitting in my room with my cat,Smartie,on my lap,when the roof just flew off.
我正坐在自己的房间里,我的猫咪斯玛蒂坐在我的腿上,这时屋顶突然飞走了。
句中“was/were doing...when...”意为“正在做……这时……”。when为并列连词,表示“这时”,相当于and at this/that time。 类似用法的句型: be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… be about to do...when...打算做……这时…… had just done...when...刚做完……这时……
【佳句背诵】I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.[场景描写]
我正在做作业,这时有人敲门。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译
①I (walk) along the street when I heard my name called.
②They had just covered three miles they realized they had left their IDs at home.
③我当时正要放弃,这时老师走过来鼓励我不要灰心。
→I the teacher came and encouraged me not to lose heart.
→I the teacher came and encouraged me not to lose heart.
was walking
when
was about to give up when
was on the point of giving up when(共41张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Section B Using language
Part 1 Language points
目录索引
Part 2 Grammar
Part 1 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇 1. v.攫取,抓住
2. v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)
3. n.危机
识记阅读词汇 1.tsunami n.
2.typhoon n.
3.blizzard n.
4.avalanche n.
grab
claim
crisis
海啸
台风
暴风雪
雪崩
串记拓展词汇 1.reliable adj.可信赖的,可靠的→ v.依赖;可靠
2.rescue v.营救,解救→ n.救助者
3.emergency n.紧急情况,不测事件→ adj.处于发展初期的;新兴的
4.exceptionally adv.极其,非常→ n.例外;例外的事物
→ adj.杰出的;优秀的;特别的
5.threaten v.威胁到,危及→ n.威胁,带来威胁的人或物
rely
rescuer
emergent
exception
exceptional
threat
重点短语
1. 由……组成
2. 导致
3. 导致;通向
4. 遭受
consist of
result in
lead to
suffer from
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.forecast v.预测,预报
【佳句背诵】It would be premature to forecast the outcome.[观点看法]
预言结果还为时过早。
2.precisely adv.精确地,准确地
【佳句背诵】The syllabus prescribes precisely which books should be studied.[学校教育]
教学大纲明确规定了哪些是必读的书。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.reliable adj.可信赖的,可靠的
rely vi.依靠;依赖;信任;信赖 rely on/upon 依靠;依赖 rely on...to do...依赖……做…… rely on sb./sth.for...依赖某人或某物…… rely on it that...指望……;相信……
【佳句背诵】She may be slow but at least she’s reliable.[人物描写]
她可能迟钝,但至少她很可靠。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换
①Never rely others to help you out when you are in trouble.
②You had better confirm that all the information comes from a __________ (rely) source.
③You may rely on his coming to rescue you.
→You may to rescue you.
→You may to rescue you.
on/upon
reliable
rely on it that he will come
rely on him to come
2.rescue n.营救,解救 v.营救;救援
(1)rescue...from...从……拯救…… (2)rescue team救援队 come to one’s rescue=come to the rescue of sb.救援/帮助某人
【佳句背诵】At midnight we finally rescued the tourists who were trapped in the valley.[活动安排]
午夜时,我们终于救出了被困在山谷中的游客。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①The failing company is hoping international banks will come the rescue.
②Soon after the accident,one thousand soldiers were sent to rescue the miners
the local coal mine.
③一些救援人员和医生被困在了废墟下面,处于危机中。
Some of the __________ __________ and doctors were trapped under the ruins and were in crisis.
to
from
rescue workers
3.claim v.声称,主张;要求;(战争,事故等)夺去(生命) n.主张,声称;要求
(1)claim to do/to be 主张/声称做…… claim to have done sth.声称做过某事 claim that...声称…… It is claimed that...有人主张……;据说…… (2) make a claim for sth.要求……的赔偿
【佳句背诵】He claimed that he could finish the work without any help.[个人生活]
他声称不需要任何帮助就可以完成这项工作。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①Don’t be taken in by advertisements claiming (help) you lose weight in a week.
②Doctors claimed (discover) a cure for the disease.
③He entered the manager’s office and made a claim higher pay.
④据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪,而且还有助于病人快速康复。
__________ __________ __________ __________ humor not only affects patients’ moods,but also helps them recover faster.
to help
to have discovered
for
It is claimed that
4.threaten v.威胁到,危及;威胁,恐吓
(1)threaten to do sth.威胁要做某事 threaten sb.with sth.用某物威胁某人 threaten that...威胁…… (2)threat n.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事) a threat构成威胁的人或事物 under threat遭到威胁 (3)threatening adj.威胁的;恐吓的 threatened adj.受到威胁的
【佳句背诵】Traffic issues not only affect our everyday life,but may also threaten people’s lives.[社会生活]
交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活,而且可能危及人的生命。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
①People who engage in (threaten) behavior should be arrested.
②When he was staying in the hall,they threatened him depriving him of his property.
③Water is one of our most critical resources,but around the world it is
threat.
④建筑商威胁说,如果不付清欠款,就停止道路施工。
The constructor __________ __________ __________ the roadwork if the money wasn’t paid off.
threatening
with
under
threatened to stop
Part 2 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
情景导入
省略句
After breakfast,Mom was doing housework in the kitchen.She talked to Tom ①while washing bowls and plates.She said to Tom,“Look out for cars ②when crossing the street,my dear.” Tom usually said to his mom,“See you, Mom.”However,this time,she heard nothing.Tom hurriedly left home ③as if anxious.She considered Tom rude this time,but she didn’t know ④why.She thought she would make Tom realize his wrong doings when he came back from school.
【语法感悟】
1.以上黑体部分都使用了 。
2.其中①—③为 的省略。
省略句
状语从句
语法精讲
为了避免重复,或为了使句子更简练,在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。在英语句子中,常见的省略情况有以下几种:
一、简单句中的省略
1.省略主语:一般情况下,主语是不能省略的,但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下,特别是在口语中,主语常常省略,主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。
(You) Shut up!闭嘴!
(You) Want a hand 需要帮忙吗
(I) Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
(I) See you tomorrow.明天见。
(It) Doesn’t matter.没关系。
2.省略宾语:当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时,下句或后句常省略宾语。
— Do you know Miss Gao
— I don’t know (her).
——你认识高女士吗
——不认识。
3.省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分):在某些具体的场合下,主语和谓语都很明确,此时为了简化或显得亲切等,可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略,只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
(You come) This way,please.
请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)
(Have you) Got any ink
你有墨水吗 (省略了主语和谓语的一部分)
【即学即练】补全下列省略句
①Beg your pardon.
②Hope you are well,and that I shall hear from you after your holiday.
③Got any chocolate
④Feeling any better today
I beg your pardon.
I hope you are well,and that I shall hear from you after your holiday.
Have you got any chocolate
Are you feeling any better today
二、并列句中的省略
在由and,but,or,so等词连接,或是没有连词而用分号的并列句中,在不影响句意的情况下,并列句中后面分句与前面分句相同的部分都可以省略。
They don’t agree with you;neither do I (agree with you).
他们不同意你的意见,我也不同意。
Bob has done his homework,but Tom hasn’t (done his homework).
鲍勃已经做完了家庭作业,但是汤姆还没做完。
【即学即练】写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①She is from England,and he is from America.
②Mr Li teaches maths,and Mr wang teaches Chinese.
③I have Chinese books and English books.
第二个is
第二个teaches
第一个books
三、复合句中的省略
1.状语从句的省略。
在when,while,if,as if,though,although,as,until,once,whether...or (not),unless,whenever等连接的状语从句中,当从句主语跟主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it且从句谓语中含有系动词be时,从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
Though (they were) tired,they went on working.
虽然累了,但他们仍继续工作。
Unless (it is) necessary,you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
除非有必要,你最好不要查字典。
【名师点津】(1)省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主谓关系,则使用现在分词;若构成动宾关系,则使用过去分词;若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生,则使用不定式。
When (it is) heated,ice can be turned into water.
加热的时候冰可以变成水。
(2)并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词,由after,before,because等词引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语等,用动词-ing代替be动词。
Because he was ill,he didn’t attend the meeting.
→Because of being ill,he didn’t attend the meeting.(正)
→Being ill,he didn’t attend the meeting.(正)
→Because ill,he didn’t attend the meeting.(误)
由于生病了,他没有出席会议。
【即学即练】用所给词的适当形式填空
①While (walk) along the river bank,I saw a huge strange creature in the river.
②Unless (invite),I won’t attend his wedding ceremony.
把下列句子改为省略句
③Though Jack was warned of the danger,Jack still went swimming in the lake.
→ ,Jack still went swimming in the lake.
④If it is so,I hope you will have a wonderful time.
→ ,I hope you will have a wonderful time.
walking
invited
Though warned of the danger
If so
2.定语从句的省略。
(1)在限制性定语从句中,作宾语用的关系代词whom,which,that可省略(但whom,which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。
The exact year (which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2020.
安吉拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2020年。
(2)修饰way且在从句中作状语的关系词that或in which可以省略。
The way (in which/that) he speaks to us is really annoying.
他对我们讲话的方式真让人讨厌。
3.宾语从句的省略。
(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时,连接词that一般可以省略;但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略。
I truly believe (that) beauty comes from within.
我真的相信美丽来自内心。
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
他说这篇课文很重要,我们应该牢记在心。
(2)when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句中,为避免重复有时可以仅保留引导词。
I know that a movie actor will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city).
我知道一位电影演员将要来我们的城市,但我不知道他什么时候来。
【即学即练】写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①What surprised me most was not what he said but the way in which he said it.
②I’ll never forget the days that we spent in the quiet village 10 years ago.
③Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
④She was late for class today,but I don’t know why she was late for class.
in which
that
that
why后的she was late for class
四、其他的省略情况
1.动词不定式的省略。
(1)某些使役动词(如make,let,have等)和感官动词(如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等)后面作宾语补足语的不定式须省略to,但若这些动词用于被动语态,则to不省略。
We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.
She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)
我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。
(2)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时,则不能省略to。
He likes to swim more than (to) skate.
比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。
He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.(比较)
他认为重要的是学习而不是交朋友。
(3)当不定式在形容词afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后作状语时,为避免重复,to后的内容常省略。
—Will you join us in the game
—Thank you.I’d be happy to (join in the game).
——你愿意和我们一起玩游戏吗
——谢谢。我很乐意(参加游戏)。
(4)当不定式在be going to,be able to,have to,ought to,used to后作复合谓语时,不定式可省略。
They didn’t visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents).
他们没有尽可能多地去看望父母。
(5)but,except (除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时,后面的不定式不带to。
He did nothing all day except watch TV.
他一整天除了看电视什么也没做。
【名师点津】在以上(3)(4)情况下省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时,to后要保留原形的have或be。
He didn’t come,but he ought to have.
他没来,但他应该来。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
①There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but (wait).
②We can do nothing but (give) up.
③He was noticed (leave) the office.
④The city now is much noisier than it used (be).
⑤My mother wouldn’t let me (go) to see the film.
to wait
give
to leave
to be
go
2.使用so,not等时的省略。
在英语中,可以用so,not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。
—Can you finish your work today
—I think so.
—I don’t think so./I think not.
——今天你能完成工作吗
——我认为能。
——我认为不能。
【名师点津】hope,guess,be afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式,不能用not...so的形式。
—The boys are not doing a good job at all,are they
—I guess not.
——男孩们工作做得一点儿也不好,是吗
——我猜是没做好。
【即学即练】单句写作
①——他今晚回来吗
——我想是的。
—Is he coming back tonight
—____________________
②——你会在一个月内完成这项工作吗
——我恐怕不会。
—Will you finish the work in one month
—____________________
I think so.
I’m afraid not.
3.介词的省略。
(1)一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略,而保留介词后的动词-ing形式。常见的结构有:
①have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.
②be busy (in) doing sth.
③spend some time (in) doing sth.
④stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth.
The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time.
大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。
(2)表示时间的介词at,on和in在next,last,this,these,yesterday,tomorrow,one,any,every,each,some等词之前时,一般可以省略。
We go to school (on) every day except Sundays.
除了星期天之外,我们每天都去上学。
【即学即练】补全下列句中省略的介词
①It was quite light and any moment now the sun would rise.
②There were plenty of empty seats that night.
③I have some trouble learning English.
at
on
in
