外研版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 War and peace Using language 语法课件(共47张PPT)

(共47张PPT)
名词和主 谓 一 致
英语语法专题之
Subject and Verb Agreement
Nouns &
专有名词: Marx, Beijing, Asia,
普通名词 可数名词 个体名词
集体名词
不可数名词 物质名词
抽象名词
Ｉ分类
名 词
II.有些可数名词与不可数名词相互转化，词义不同。
air/airs　
experience/ experiences
look/looks　
feeling/feelings
wood/woods
manner/manners
paper/papers
sand/sands
good/goods
（空气／神气）
(脸色／容貌)　
（经验／经历）
(树木／森林)
（感觉／感情）
（态度／礼貌）
（纸／报纸）
（沙子／沙滩）
（好处／货物）
a school
School is over.
a chicken
chicken
at the table
at table
(学校)
（小鸡）
（鸡肉）
（上学）
（在桌旁）
（吃饭）
III.名词的复数．
1.规则变化（略）
2.以O结尾的外来词、缩写词及专有名词只加S
photos kilos pianos Eskimos WTOs
3.以下以F结尾的词只加S.
roofs safes gulfs
serfs beliefs proofs
4.不规则名词的复数.
man tooth mouse goose
child woman foot ox
5.单复数同形.
①deer sheep fish Chinese (ese结尾者)
②汉语拼音拼出的计量单位的名词:
li, jin, mu, yuan,
6.形为单数，实为复数的名词：
people, cattle, police, stuff, audience,crew
7.S结尾仍为单数的名词:
maths physics news politics
phonetics the United States 　
The Arabian Nights
8.S结尾,单复数同形: means,
works(工事/著作)
a steel works
two steel works
Every means has been tried.
All means have been tried.
9.仅有复数形式的名词:
clothes glasses trousers
thanks gloves compasses
jeans socks congratulations
10.复合名词的复数:
①只变主体词:
lookers-on passers-by
sons-in-law girl-friends
②无主体词在末尾加S
grown-ups go-betweens forget-me-nots
③以man woman构成的复合词，两部分都变成复数．
men doctors women teachers
IV.名词所有格
1.加'S; S结尾加’但定语较长时用of结构：
the name of the story
2.’s后省略 house / home / shop 的:
the barber’s my uncle’s
3.两人共用,只在后面加's,否则都加's
Tom and Jack’s desk
Tom’s and Jack’s desks
4.双重所有格(表赞成或厌恶)：
a /an/two /some / few (特指的)名词’s
　 n+of+
This/that/these/those 　　　　名词性物主代词
(不能用one)
(不能用the)
a friend of Tom’s,
this little girl of our teacher’s
5.所有格不同,含义有别;
a book of my sister’s
=one of my sister’s books
a book of my sister
my sister’s book
a photo of Mr. Wang’s
a photo of Mr. Wang
V.名词作定语：
1.一般用单数 a car factory a shoe shop
2.有时用复数 sports meet talks table
a sales manager
一本关于我妹妹的书
只是那一本
王所拥有的照片之一
王本人的照片
3.表所属关系时用所有格:
a chemist’s shop
boys’/girls’ school
ladies’ college/bike/room
4. 名词与同根adj作定语之别:名词表具体/原义;adj表比喻
blood group ( ) bloody battle ( )
stone wall 　( ) stony heart ( )
gold watch ( ) golden watch ( )
rain drops ( ) rainy season ( )
血型
血战
石墙
铁石心肠
金表
镀金表
雨滴
雨季
主 谓 一 致
Subject and Verb Agreement
的数必须和 的数,人称一致,即主谓一致.
1.就前原则
2.就近原则
3.语法一致
4.意义一致
可分为
谓语动词
主语
1.就前原则
名词/代词+ 介词as well as / rather than
/ like / but /except / besides /including
(along/together) with …
作主语时，谓语动词用就前原则．
No one but your parents ______ right.
2.The teacher as well as the students
______ the film. (like)
3.All the desks including mine _______
painting. (require)
4. Nothing except some books _______
what I can give you. (be)
is
likes
require
is
2.就近原则:
名词/代词+连词+并列主语时 : or / either…or… / neither…nor… not only…but (also) / and (there be )
1. Neither he nor his brothers______hard. (work)
2. _______he or you in the next room just now
(be)
work
Was
3.语法一致:
1).(a) little / either / neither /
each / another / the other / -body
/ -one / -thing…作主语,谓语动词用____数;
1.Neither of them ________ the answer. (know)
2.Everything________well. (go)
3.Little of what he said _____ (be)accepted.
knows
goes
is
单
2) more than one / many a …+N(单)…V ( )
Many a boy done his homework.(have)
has
3) every 　 every
each +N(单) + each + N(单)…V ( )
no no
Every man and (every) woman at work.(be)
is
4) 时间 / 距离 / 钱 / 度量衡 / 数字…作主语…V ( )
Three years passed. (have)
Ten times four forty. (be)
has
is
5) 单个非谓语动词结构及从句作主语…+V ( )
单
单
单
单
Seeing believing. (be)
What he said right. (prove)
is
proves
6) 成双成套复数如trousers / shoes…作主语…V( )
但 a kind of / a pair of / … + N(复) …V( )
His trousers ____ him well. (fit)
A pair of shoes ___ under the bed. (be)
fit
is
单
复
7)一些常见结构的一致问题:
1.The number of the boys in our class
_____ 36.(be)
2.A number of boys ______ this secret.
(know)
3.A book or two ____ enough. (be)
4.One or two books _____ enough. (be)
is
know
is
are
5.She is the only one of the girls who ____ late. (be)
is
6. He is one of the students who _______
the answer. (know)
know
very
that
4.意义一致
and / both…and ….V( )
但 指同一人（概念）时…V( )
指两个人（概念）时…V( )
Tom and I _____ good at English.
The writer and poet _____ come.
The writer and the poet _____ come.
A knife and fork ____ for the use of a foreigner.
(be)
are
has
have
is
复
单
复
2) 集体名词:family team class army crew
group school club population…
指整体，谓语动词用单数；指内部成员用复数
Our family _____ watching TV. (like)
The population of the earth _____ increasing
fast. (be)
One third of the population here _____ workers.
like
is
are
3). The + adj. 表一类人或事物时,谓语用复数,
表不可数的事物或概念,用单数;
1.The wounded _____ well looked after here. (be)
2.The best ____ yet to come. (be)
3. _____ the rich help the poor here？
are
is
Do
4) a quantity / amount / variety/ mass/
…of +N:
quantities / amounts / varieties/ masses
谓语和of前的名词保持一致.
An amount of money ______ needed.
Amounts of money ______ needed.
Quantities of water ______ in the pool.
A mass of cars ______ on the road.
are
are
is
is
1.A student or two ______(be) caught cheating.
A. was B. were
2. A desk and chair _____(need)to be repaired.
A. need B. needs
3. A pair of shoes ____ (be)under the bed.
A. is B. are
4. More than one boy ____ (be) late this morning.
A. was B. were
A
B
A
A
Practice makes perfect
对比选择填空：
1．a. He is the only one of the students that _______ got full mark.
b. He is one of the students that ______ got full make.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
2. a. Three fourths of the teachers present _____ against the plan.
b. Three fourths of the surface of the earth ______ covered with water.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. a. The famous singer and dancer ____ our party this evening.
b. The famous singer and the famous dancer _____ our party this evening.
A. are going to attend B. was to attend
C. were to attend D. is going to attend
C
D
B
A
D
A
4. a. A number of students ____ from the country.
b. The number of students _____ 900.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
5. a. Many a boy ______ this kind of bicycle.
b. Many boys ______ this kind of bicycle.
A. like B. likes
B
A
B
A
6. a. I can work out two of the five problems, but the rest
______ too difficult for me.
b. I have finished one third of the work and the rest
_____ left for you.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
7. a. The population of the small country _____ 600,000.
b. Two thirds of the population in this small country
____ farmers.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
8. a. The basketball team ______ baths now.
b. The basketball team ______ 5 members.
A. has B. is having C. are having D. have
B
A
C
D
C
A
9.a. They each ______ a new English-Chinese dictionary.
b. Each of them ______ a new English-Chinese dictionary.
A. has B, have C. is D. are
10.a. A scientist and some of his assistants _____ to help
to do the work.
b. A scientist , as well as some of his assistants, ____ to
help to do the work.
A. sent B. send C. were sent D. was sent
B
A
C
D
11.a. There ___ a magazine, a few letters and some
newspapers on the table.
b. There ___ a few letters, a magazine and some
newspaper on the table.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
12.a. Either of the street ______ lined by trees and
flowers.
b. Both of the street _______ lined by trees and
flowers.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
A
B
A
B
13.a. The rest of the students in the school ____ going
to stay at school.
b. The rest of his income _______ to give to his
mother.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
14.a. The sheep that he has raised _____ white ones.
b. The sheep he is going to give to his son _______
a young one.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
B
A
B
A
Do More
1. Professor James will gave us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ________ yet.
A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t been decided
C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t being decided
2. Lately, a large number of relief supplies ________ sent to the disaster area and amounts of money ________ spent on post-reconstruction.
A. have been; have been B. have been; has been
C. were; was D. were; were
3. Between the two rows of trees _____ the teaching building.
A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are
A
A
B
4. There________ a party this weekend.
A. is going to have B. are going to have
C. is going to be D. are going to be
5. He is one of the few persons who _____ a good
knowledge of Italian. A. has B. have
6.He is the only one of the boys who ____ been
given a prize. A. has B. have
7. Mr Black often ________ fishing on Sundays.
A. go B. goes C. don’t go D. isn’t go
C
B
A
B
8. The People’s Republic of China ________ on October 1, 1949.
A. found B. was found C. is founded D. was founded
9. The teacher with a number of students ___ (be)
in the classroom.
10. Delete the short message at once! Many a man ________by such tricks so far.
A. are cheated B. is cheated
C. has been cheated D. have been cheated
11. Tom’s parents’ behavior, as well as their words ________ a key effect on him during the past twenty years.
A. have B. have had C. has had D. has
D
is
C
C
12. According to a recent survey, 95 percent of women aged between 15 and early 40s ________ a doctor once a year, compared to 70 percent of men in the same age group.
A. see B. sees C. saw D. had seen
13. My family as well as I ________ glad to hear the news that you have been admitted to such a famous university.
A. are B. am C. is D. was
14.“News of victories _____ pouring in ,” the company commander said.
A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept
15. This course ________ intermediate-level students.
A. is intended B. is intended for
C. with intention D. is intend for
A
A
B
B
16. The boy with two dogs ________ in the yard when the earthquake rocked the city.
A. is playing B. was playing C. are playing D. were playing
17. With the development of economy and the spread of Chinese culture, the number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 1997.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
18. The number of people invited to the wedding yesterday________ two hundred, but a small number of them________ absent for different kinds of reasons.
A. is; are B. was; was C. was; were D. are; were
19. He is the only one of the students who ________elected.
A. are B. have been C. has been D. is being
B
C
C
C
20. There ________ two pens and a book on the desk.
A. is B. are C. being D. to be
21. More than one student, ______ took part in the activity, ______ that the charity activity means a lot.
A. who, thinks B. who, thought
C. that, thinks D. whom, think
22.The famous singer and dancer ____ our party this
evening.
A. are going to attend B. was to attend
C. were to attend D. is going to attend
23.The famous singer and the famous dancer _____ our
party this evening.
A. are going to attend B. was to attend
C. were to attend D. is going to attend
B
A
D
A
24. The number of members in the club ________ more than 200 at present.
A. is B. was C. has been D. have been
25.Many a boy ______ this kind of bicycle.
A.like B.likes C. have liked D.don’t like
26.Many boys ______ this kind of bicycle.
A. like B. likes C.has liked D.doesn’t like
27. We can’t use the machine now, for it ________.
A. has been repaired B. is repairing
C. is repaired D. is being repaired
A
B
A
D
28. The construction of the two new railway lines ______ by now.
A. has completed B. have completed
C. have been completed D. has been completed
29. —Linda，the phone in your office can't be connected all the time. Why
—Oh，sorry，Miss Miles. The service________since last Wednesday.
A. has been stopped B. has stopped
C. was stopped D. had stopped
30. The plane _____ off at 10:10. That is, it ________ in ten minutes.
A. takes; is leaving B. will take; is leaving
C. will take;leaves D. takes; leaves
D
A
A
31. One in eleven children ________ not attending school. You should be grateful if you are one of the lucky ones at senior high school.
A. are B. was C. is D. were
32. Up to now, a large number of new houses ________ for those who lost their homes in that terrible earthquake.
A. has been built B. have been built
C. is being built D. are being built
33. The newly- shown movie is well worth ________. Hence, your first main job today is ________ to the cinema! I assume that this experience you've been looking forward to ________ rewarding.
A. to see, going, being B. seeing, to go, is
C. seeing, to go, being D. to see, to go, is
C
B
B
34. At XiXi, taking a boat tour, walking along paths, and ________ local customs and traditions of villages in this park ________ the top of the list people's favorite activities.
A. experiencing, is B. to experience, is
C. experiencing, are D. experienced, are
35. Many a child ________ the old man who often tells them stories every day.
A. surround B. is surrounded
C. surrounds D. are surrounding
36. Each boy and each girl ________ the right to get entertainment and support in his or her childhood.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
C
C
C
37. Tom, as well as his parents, ________ in China over the past five years.
A. have been living B. has been living
C. are living D. is living
38. I, ________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. what is C. what am D. who am
39. Nowadays, cycling, along with swimming and running, ________ as one of the best forms of exercise.
A. regards B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regarding
40. Not only I but also Albert and Mary ________ physics.
A. am fond of B. are fond of C. is fond of D. was fond of
B
D
B
B
Thank you!
Work hard and
you’ll make
progress
every
day
!