北师大版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 8 Green living Lesson 3 "White Bikes" on the Road语法课件(共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
Unit 8 Green Living
Lesson 3 Grammar
Warming-up
Group Presentation
Do some research on “sharing economy” and introduce a sharing project (e.g. carpooling, clothes sharing). Draw a flow chart outlining important events, i.e. how and where the idea begun, how it developed, etc.
Watch the video about Obama’s back-to-school speech. What’s his answer to the question: Why is education important
Grammar—Verbs or nouns
在英语中，有些单词在词形不变的情况下，可以用作动词或名词。用作动词时，表示一个动作或做某件事；用作名词时，表示某一物体的名称。
常见的例子有：record，paint，pedal，place，film，dream，name，trouble，snow，rain，show，talk，walk，plan，balance，post，transport，order，book，plant，water，fish，light，fight，form，ride，increase，decrease，present等。
有些单词，在用作动词和名词时，读音相同，如：dream，paint，place，film。
而有些单词作动词和名词时，读音不同，如：increase，present，transport。
有些动词和名词，可以搭配成有意义的表达：
dream a dream 做个梦；film a film 拍部电影
Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 在麻烦找上你之前别去惹麻烦。
Warming-up
Complete the summary with the information you have learnt.
People in Amsterdam have been _____________________ cycling for years. They are particularly lucky because the city is very flat and therefore _____________ cycling. Back in the 1960s, a group of cycling fans _____________ an idea of using free shared bikes. They believed that this would help to ___________, _______________ and _______________________________. However, shortly after setting up the new system, there was a serious problem as all the bikes ___________. In 1999, the bike-sharing idea returned to Amsterdam. This time they were ____________ a computer _________________. ____________the efforts of many people, the idea of “shared bikes” has now pedalled its way around the world.
enjoying the benefits of
convenient for
came up with
reduce pollution
save energy
provide free public transport
disappeared
designed with
tracking system
Thanks to
Grammar Focus
Verbs or Nouns
Compare the two sentences in each pair. Decide what the word in bold expresses.
the name of an object / a thing
an action / to do things
1 The group painted hundreds of bicycles white… ( )
I need a can of red paint. ( )
2 Make sure you put your schoolbag in a proper place. ( )
…placed them in many areas … ( )
b
a
a
b
Grammar Focus
Verbs or Nouns 名词和动词形式相同的单词
paint
place
n. substance applied to a surface in liquid form to give it colour 涂料
v. put paint onto (sth) 在（某物）上涂颜料或油漆
n. particular area or position in space occupied by sb / sth 地方；场所；所在地
v. put (sth) in a particular place 将（某物）置于某处
Grammar Focus
Verbs or Nouns
Compare the two sentences in each pair. Decide what the word in bold expresses.
the name of an object / a thing
an action / to do things
3 …this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move! ( )
Try to keep a record of what you have learnt. ( )
4 Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled its way around the world … ( )
Both pedals of my bicycle were broken. ( )
b
b
a
a
Grammar Focus
Verbs or Nouns 名词和动词形式相同的单词
record
pedal
n. / rek d; US rek rd; ˋr k d/
permanent account, esp. in writing, of facts, events, etc. （对事实﹑ 事件等的）记录，记载
v. / r k d; r ˋk rd/
write down (facts or events) for later use or reference 将事实/事件记录下来，记载
n. （自行车﹑ 缝纫机等的）踏板，脚蹬子
v. use a pedal or pedals 踩踏板
Grammar Focus
Exercise 1
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.
1 Jason ___________________ down the road to his school.
She put her foot down on the ____________.
2 The house will look bright with white _____________.
The old man asked, “Who ___________ all these on my wall ”
3 You should wash your cup and ___________ it on the table.
This is a great ___________ for a holiday.
4 I try to keep a ____________ of everything I spend.
Her mum made her ____________ every penny she spent.
paint, place, record, pedal
pedals / pedalled
pedal
paint
painted
place
place
record
record
Grammar Focus
Exercise 2
Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the words in brackets. Identify whether they are nouns or verbs. Then perform the dialogue with your partner.
Chen Yang: Mum, would you mind if I __________ (paint) your portrait It’s for my art class.
Mum: Sure. Now
Chen Yang: Yes, let me just get my __________ (paint).
(Chen Yang returned with several colours of __________ (paint) and __________ (place) them on the table next to her easel. She had her mum sit on the __________ (arm) of a chair and started to work.)
painted v.
paints n.
paint n.
placed v.
arm n.
Grammar Focus
Mum: Where did you get them
Chen Yang: Oh, that __________ (place) in town, Majestic Arts.
Mum: Oh, yes. I love that store. They sell excellent materials.
Chen Yang: (later) Finished! What do you think
Mum: (approvingly) I think the __________ (result) is quite good! I think you ________________ (record) my features very well.
Chen Yang: Thank you. I hope my teacher agrees!
Mum: Before you take the painting to school, let me take a photo. I want to have a __________ (record) of your beautiful work.
place n.
result n.
recorded v.
record n.
Grammar Focus
Verbs or Nouns 名词和动词形式相同的单词
Can you add other pairs of words similar to the words above
读音相同
snow, rain, talk, walk, plan, book, water, plant, light …
读音不同（重音位置）
desert n. / dez t/ 沙漠; v. /d z t/ 抛弃
increase n. / kri s/ 增加的量; v. / n kri s/ 增加
produce n. / pr dju s/ 农产品; v. /pr dju s/ 制造生产
present n. / preznt/ 礼物; v. /pr zent/ 呈现展示
Grammar Focus
Exercise 3 Turn the following verbs into nouns / nouns into verbs.
Verb Noun
believe
cycle自行车/摩托车;循环周期
cycling, cyclist
disappear
enjoy
Verb Noun
pollute
solution
transport
use
belief
cycle
enjoyment
pollution
solve
transport, transportation
use
disappearance
Language Focus
Key words
path
小路；小径：Keep to the path or you’ll lose your way. 沿着这条小道走，否则就要迷路。
路线，轨道：the moon’s path round the earth 月亮绕地球的轨道
（fig 比喻）She has had a difficult path through life. 她生活中有过一段困难的历程。
行动步骤；办事程序；做法：I strongly advised him not to take that path. 我极力劝他不要采取那种做法。
the path to sth: the way to reach or achieve sth. （达到或成就某事的）途径，方式：the path to success, victory, riches, power, ruin 通往成功、富裕、 权力、毁灭的道路
Language Focus
disappear
v. 消失；失踪：The plane disappeared behind a cloud. 飞机飞入云中不见了。
n. disappearance 消失；失踪；丢失：At first nobody noticed the child’s disappearance. 起初谁都没有注意到小孩不见了。
反义词：appear v.
出现；显现；呈现：A ship appeared on the horizon. 船出现在水平线上。
看来；似乎：it appears / appeared as if... / as though... It appears as if she’s lost interest in her job. 看来她对自己的工作已失去兴趣。
Language Focus
Key phrases
come up with sth. 想出；提出（主意、答案）
Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.
有几位成员提出了自己的建议。
thanks to…由于、因为
Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
由于你们的帮忙，我们提前完成了任务。
Language Focus
Key sentences
Because of its convenience for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists — an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike.
句意：在阿姆斯特丹自行车出行方便，因此这座城市深受骑行者喜爱，城市中38%的出行方式都是骑行。
分析：because of+名词性结构，表示“原因”。主句中has become现在完成时强调现状、结果。“由于方便，该城市已成为……”。make a trip 出行。by表方式，后加交通工具。
Language Focus
They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.
句意：他们认为如果市中心只允许自行车通行，不允许汽车通行，对大家来说会更好。
分析：it would be better… if… 如果……会更好。“only bicycles were”省略句，补全应为“only bicycles were allowed in the city centre”。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。My boss doesn’t allow me to use the telephone. 老板不许我使用电话。
Photography is not allowed in this theatre. 本剧院内不准摄影。
We don’t allow smoking in our house. 在我们家里不容许吸烟。
Language Focus
Exercise 4 Complete the paragraph using the words and phrases below.
There has been ______________________ in the number of “white bikes” in our city in the past few years. Every day, we see more people use them to ride to work or school. It is _____________ to use “white bikes” as they save time. You don’t have to wait for public transport or sit in heavy traffic. In addition to this, the roads in our city are __________, and most of the main roads have ________________ on which bike riders can _______________.
flat save energy destination
enable ride safely reduce pollution
convenient bicycle paths a noticeable increase
a noticeable increase
convenient
flat
bicycle paths
ride safely
Language Focus
People in our city like to use “white bikes” as they feel they _______________ and help the environment by ____________________. On top of all this, “white bikes” __________ people to reach their _______________ quickly and easily.
flat save energy destination
enable ride safely reduce pollution
convenient bicycle paths a noticeable increase
save energy
reducing pollution
enable
destination(s)
Assignment
Writing Task
Your English friend Jim is curious about the bike-sharing program in Beijing. Please write him an email to introduce what you know about it. Your email should include:
How to use a shared bike;
The benefits and problems;
Your concern and suggestions.
Use the language you have learnt to
write a short paragraph about your school education and how to learn better. Support your opinions in your writing and read your paragraph to the class.
Goodbye!