备战2024年高考英语模拟卷01（天津卷）
第I卷
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—Shall we offer the new position to Jack
—________.You are the boss.
A．You bet. B．It’s your call. C．No problem. D．It depends
【答案】B
【详解】考查情境交际。句意：——我们给杰克提供一个新的职位好吗 ——由你决定。你是老板。A.You bet当然；B. It’s your call由你决定；C. No problem不用谢，没关系；D. It depends看情况。根据答句可知，是否给杰克提供工作由老板说了算。故选B项。
2．_______ about a historical figure in his textbook, Meng Hao searched online for more information.
A．Curious B．Positive C．Confident D．Anxious
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对课本上的一个历史人物感到好奇的孟浩在网上搜索了更多的信息。A. Curious好奇的；B. Positive积极的；C. Confident自信的；D. Anxious焦虑的。根据后文“searched online for more information”可知搜索信息是因为好奇。故选A。
3．What you really need to do is to ________ the reason why you fail the exam.
A．figure out B．burn out C．fill out D．turn out
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你真正需要做的是弄清楚你考试不及格的原因。A. figure out 弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白； B. burn out烧坏，烧尽； C. fill out填写，变丰满； D. turn out证明是，结果是。结合后面the reason why you fail the exam可知，此处是指 “弄清楚”之意。故选A。
4．After the explosion from the chemical works, what the local government did first was to find safe places to provide ________ for the homeless families.
A．accommodation B．furniture C．equipment D．occupation
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在化工厂爆炸后，当地政府首先做的是找到安全的地方为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. accommodation住宿；B. furniture家具；C. equipment设备；D. occupation职业。根据“After the explosion from the chemical works”及“for the homeless families”可知，政府为无家可归的人提供住宿。故选A。
5．He doesn’t want ________ part of that report to be made public before he has a chance to look at it.
A．some B．any C．all D．none
【答案】B
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：在他有机会看报告之前，他不希望报告的任何部分被公开。A.some一些；B.any一些；C.all所有的；D.none全无。根据句中的not可知，句子为否定句，any用在否定句中表示 “一些”。故选B。
6．The old man, _______ abroad for twenty years , is on the way back to his motherland.
A．to work B．working C．to have worked D．having worked.
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为：那个老人，在海外已经工作了20年了，现在正在返回祖国额路上。分析句子可知，空处与the old man在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词，且根据“for twenty years”可知，动词发生在is on the way back to his motherland之前，所以用现在分词的完成时。故选D项。
7．Some old people can use the computer now, but they________ ten years ago.
A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：有些老人现在会用电脑，但十年前不会。根据语境可知，一些老人现在会使用电脑了，但十年前他们还不会使用。A. couldn’t不能，不会； B. mustn’t 禁止；C. needn’t没必要；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据时间状语和句意可知，此处描述过去的事情用一般过去时，表示“过去不会”。故选A。
8．Scientists are building a powerful instrument, which __________ them see deep into space.
A．has helped B．will help C．helped D．would helped
【答案】B
【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：科学家们正在建造一种强大的仪器，它将帮助他们看到太空深处。根据“Scientists are building a powerful instrument”可知，仪器还未建成，所以帮助他们看到太空深处是将来的事情，应用一般将来时。故选B。
9．— What do you think of archaeology, Bob
— I find it interesting and challenging. It is a subject ________ sometimes you may find yourself having conversations with your ancestors.
A．where B．which C．when D．that
【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你觉得考古学怎么样，Bob？——我觉得很有趣，也有挑战性。它是一门课程，在这门课程中，有时，你就会觉得你自己和你的祖先在交流。空格处是定语从句，先行词a subject是抽象地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选A。
10．—Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes. others are weak, he is strong.
A．Before B．When
C．Where D．Though
【答案】C
【详解】考查状语从句。句意： ——不要瞧不起鲍勃。他有自己的优势。——哦，是的。别人的弱点正是他的强势所在。A. Before之前；B. When当……时候；C. Where……地方；D. Though尽管。结合句意可知，该空意为“……地方”，用where引导地点状语从句。故选C。
11．As to the educational reform, some people are _____ it, while others are strongly against it.
A．in need of B．in place of C．in favor of D．in honor of
【答案】C
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：至于教育改革，有些人赞成，而另一些人则强烈反对。A. in need of需要；B. in place of代替；C. in favor of赞成；D. in honor of为了纪念。根据后文“while others are strongly against it”指有些人赞成，而另一些人则强烈反对。故选C。
12．Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, if ________properly, may lead to spreading diseases.
A．not handled B．not being handled
C．not to be handled D．not having handled
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专家警告称来自医院的医疗废物如果不被合理处理，会导致疾病的扩散。根据题干中 if结构可以得知，是如果医疗废物不被处理medical waste are not handled，表示被动，省略主语和be动词，故选A。
13．The fast-growing generative AI technology will be increasingly to a greater variety of sectors next year to upgrade traditional industries.
A．exploded B．applied C．used D．taken
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：快速增长的生成型人工智能技术明年将越来越多地应用于更多领域，以升级传统产业。A. explode v. 使爆炸；B. apply v. 应用；C. use v. 使用，利用，运用；D. take v. 拿，取。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语apply...to...，意为“把...应用到...上”，空格前面是will be，后面用过去分词形式，表示被动。故选B。
14．The villagers hope that the world knows more about their traditional art that _________ for hundreds of years through the TV program.
A．preserved B．has been preserved
C．will be preserved D．was preserved
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：村民们希望通过电视节目让世界更多地了解他们保存了数百年的传统艺术。设空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，关系代词that指代先行词their traditional art在从句中作主语，与动词preserve之间是被动关系，结合时间状语for hundreds of years可知，此从句讲述从过去持续到现在的事情，用现在完成时态，that指代先行词their traditional art作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选B项。
15．All entrances to the national park are ___________closed due to the dangerous avalanche caused by the recent heavy snow.
A．annually B．gradually C．initially D.temporarily
【答案】D
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于最近的大雪造成了危险的雪崩，所有进入国家公园的入口都暂时关闭。A. annually每年；B. gradually逐渐地；C. initially开始，起初；D. temporarily暂时地，临时地。根据句意以及“by the recent heavy snow”可知，此处表示因最近的大雪而“暂时”关闭公园，所以此处应为temporary。故选D项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
When I was a child my father taught me five words that I’ve used all my life—in my acting career, as a mother, in my business activities. If I 16 that I was afraid of the dark, or if I seemed worried about meeting new people, Dad would say, “Stand porter to your 17 .”
A porter is a gatekeeper, who stands at a door 18 people in or out. Dad would get me to 19 myself stopping destructive things—such as fear—at the door, 20 saying “Come in” to faith, love and self-assurance.
As a(n) 21 , before I went on camera, I’d make sure anxiety stayed out and confidence in my ability came in. As a mother, when I was 22 about my children, I would try not to let worry in but would 23 my mind with trust in them.
Of course, there were always times I’d 24 those words.
In 1972 my husband, Fillmore Crank, and I opened the doors to our own 25 in North Hollywood. This was a new business venture for us, and it was a lot more 26 and complicated than we had 27 .
We were on call 24 hours a day. Something was always going 28 . Electricity went on the blink, food wasn’t delivered, employees called in sick. Once, a flu epidemic 29 left us with no maids. Fillmore gave me a 30 : scrub floors or do the laundry. For 10 days I folded enough king-size sheets to 31 the whole state of California.
Then there was the 32 crisis. The price of gasoline doubled, and tourism in California 33 . How could we fill our beds What if we kept losing money What if we failed Fear and worry were sneaking in. But I caught them just 34 . I stood porter.
I stood in the door of my mind and sent fear packing.
These days at the hotel, whenever fear tries to 35 , I just smile and point to the sign that reads No Vacancy.
16．A．complained B．announced C．recalled D．decided
17．A．future B．find C．family D．studio
18．A．letting B．urging C．inviting D．observing
19．A．busy B．involve C．send D．picture
20．A．so B．and C．but D．or
21．A．official B．actress C．maid D．manager
22．A．serious B．curious C．anxious D．cautious
23．A．fill B．change C．read D．ease
24．A．eat B．twist C．exchange D．forget
25．A．clinic B．hotel C．laundry D．restaurant
26．A．promising B．demanding C．convincing D．boring
27．A．figured B．confirmed C．deduced D．suggested
28．A．sour B．missing C．wrong D．pale
29．A．hardly B．regularly C．specially D．suddenly
30．A．warning B．command C．choice D．solution
31．A．serve B．touch C．decorate D．blanket
32．A．credit B．energy C．identity D．family
33．A．ceased B．recovered C．dropped D．boomed
34．A．in time B．on purpose C．at random D．by chance
35．A．split B．shelter C．withdraw D．register
【答案】
16．A 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在父亲的影响下，战胜生活的困难的几件事。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我抱怨我害怕黑暗，或者我担心遇到新的人，爸爸会说，“站在门房旁边找到自己吧。”A. complained抱怨；B. announced宣布；C. recalled召回；D. decided决定。上文写父亲教会我5个词，这一句引出寓意。如果作者抱怨，害怕黑暗，或者如果作者看上去很担心遇见新认识的人。故选A项。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我抱怨我害怕黑暗，或者我担心遇到新的人，爸爸会说，“站在门房旁边找到自己吧。”A. future未来；B. find让自己处于某种位置或状态；C. family家庭；D. studio工作室。这里的守门处(porter)指的是心理上的守卫，父亲希望作者遇到困难时要找到自己心理上的守卫。故选B项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：门卫是守门人，站在门口让人进出。A. letting让；B. urging催促；C. inviting邀请；D. observing观察。一个porter就是一位守门员，站在门前让人们进进出出。故选A项。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸会让我想象，自己在门口能够阻止破坏性的事情，比如恐惧，但是对真诚，爱和自信说“进来”。A. busy忙的；B. involve参与；C. send发送；D. picture想象。父亲会让作者想象，自己在入口处能够阻止破坏性的事情，例如害怕这种情感。故选D项。
20．考查连词词义辨析。句意：爸爸会让我想象，自己在门口能够阻止破坏性的事情，比如恐惧，但是对真诚，爱和自信要说“进来吧”。A. so所以；B. and和；C. but但是；D. or或者。表转折，但是却对着真诚，爱和自信说请，这个填空和上半句为转折关系，所以用转折。故选C项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女演员，在我走向镜头之前，我会确保焦虑不复存在，对我的能力有信心。A. official官员；B. actress女演员；C. maid女仆；D. manager经理。文中的before I went on camera以暗示我是女演员。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个母亲，当我为我的孩子们感到担忧时，我会试着不让担忧进入我的脑海，而是让我对他们充满信任。A. serious严肃的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. cautious谨慎的。前面的anxious和后面的worry同义替换。故选C项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个母亲，当我为我的孩子们感到担忧时，我会试着不让担忧进入我的脑海，而是让我对他们充满信任。A. fill填充；B. change改变；C. read阅读；D. ease放松。由“my mind with trust in them”可知，作者让对他们充满自信。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时候我会忘记那些话。A. eat吃；B. twist扭；C. exchange换；D. forget忘。作者有时候业会忘记那些话。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1972年，我和我的丈夫菲尔莫尔·克拉克在北好莱坞开了我们自己的旅馆。A. clinic诊所；B. hotel旅馆；C. laundry洗衣房；D. restaurant餐厅。通过后文的食物，电和雇员出问题，和我换被单推测，作者和丈夫开了他们自己的酒店。故选B项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我们来说是一次新的商业冒险，并且比我们当初预计的要更加复杂且要求很高。A. promising有前途的；B. demanding要求高的；C. convincing有说服力的；D. boring无聊的。由前文“This was a new business venture for us”可知，这对他们来说是一次新的商业冒险，所有要求比预计的要高的多。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对我们来说是一次新的商业冒险，并且比我们当初预计的要更加复杂。A. figured计算；B. confirmed确认；C. deduced推断；D. suggested建议。由“it was a lot more 11 and complicated”可知，比我们当初计算的要更加复杂。故选A项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总是出问题。A. sour酸的；B. missing失踪的；C. wrong错的；D. pale苍白的。根据后文“Electricity went on the blink, food wasn’t delivered, employees called in sick.”可知，停电了，食物没送到，员工打电话请病假，可知开酒店很复杂，总是出问题。故选C项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一次，一场流感突然让我们的服务员人手不够。A. hardly几乎不；B. regularly经常地；C. specially特别地；D. suddenly突然地。由“ left us with no maids”可知，一场流感突然让我们的服务员人手不够。故选D项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：菲尔莫给了我一个选择：擦地板还是洗衣服。A. warning警告；B. command命令；C. choice选择；D. solution解决。结合后文，擦地板还是洗衣服，可知此处为一个选择。故选C项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：整整10天，我叠了足够的特大号床单，足可覆盖整个加利福尼亚州。A. serve服务；B. touch触摸；C. decorate装饰；D. blanket覆盖。此处夸张的手法，作者的特大号床单可以覆盖整个加利福尼亚州。故选D项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就是能源危机。A. credit信用；B. energy能源；C. identity身份；D. family家庭。由下文“The price of gasoline doubled”可知，出现了能源危机。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽油价格翻了一番，加州的旅游业也下降了。A. ceased停止；B. recovered恢复；C. dropped下降；D. boomed繁荣。油价翻倍，加利福尼亚州的旅游业下降。这都是不利的方面。故选C项。
34．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但我及时地控制住它们。A. in time及时；B. on purpose故意地；C. at random任意地；D. by chance偶然。由下文“I stood in the door of my mind and sent fear packing”可知，作者时地控制住它们。故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这几天在酒店，每当害怕来登记时，我就微笑着指着上面写着“没有空房”的牌子。A. split分开；B. shelter掩蔽；C. withdraw撤回；D. register登记。这道题用了‘双关’的写作手法：一说自己空房，二是说自己不让自己害怕降临；并且旅馆都是要登记的。故选D项。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Kazumi
My main reason for coming here was the Human Rights course. When I was at school I couldn’t decide whether I wanted to be a doctor or a lawyer, but having decided to be a lawyer, I then had to choose which first degree I should take before starting law school in another city. I’ve always wanted to help people and I figured that taking Human Rights would allow me to learn about how I can make a real difference in the world.
Vladimir
I love maths. I was torn between two possibilities: I could become an engineer and apply maths at a practical level. Or I could become a maths teacher. I needn’t have worried because in the end I didn’t have to choose! I got everything I wanted thanks to my university, which will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a general engineering degree at the same time.
Osvaldo
One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organising the open day. The lecturers and current students provide an enthusiastic overview (概述) of their courses and of life in the city. This was in contrast to other universities I visited, which just let their reputation do the talking. Although I chose not to live on campus (校园), the rooms there seemed comfortable and very reasonably priced.
Maria
When the time came to select the university, I had three possibilities, but I still could not decide. So it was time to schedule campus tours. They all had their advantages, but this place instantly appealed to me. As soon as I arrived, I was struck by the smiles everyone gave me. What I value most here is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community.
36．What job has Kazumi made up her mind to do
A．A doctor. B．A lawyer.
C．A maths teacher. D．A lecturer on Human Rights.
37．Who can obtain a double qualification from his or her university
A．Kazumi. B．Vladimir. C．Osvaldo. D．Maria.
38．Why did Osvaldo, choose his university
A．He found the courses affordable.
B．His university sold itself more convincingly.
C．He was won over by the university’s reputation.
D．His university offered excellent accommodation.
39．What do we know about Maria
A．She takes great interest in community service.
B．She made her choice from the very beginning.
C．She feels a sense of belonging at her university.
D．She was hoping to pass on knowledge to others.
40．What’s the best title for this passage
A．Choosing your favorite subject B．How to make friends
C．How to choose a community D．Choosing a university
【答案】36．B 37．B 38．B 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了四名大学生在选择自己大学时的理由。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段的“My main reason for coming here was the Human Rights course. When I was at school I couldn’t decide whether I wanted to be a doctor or a lawyer, but having decided to be a lawyer, I then had to choose which first degree I should take before starting law school in another city. (我来这里的主要原因是为了学习人权课程。当我在学校的时候，我无法决定我是想成为一名医生还是一名律师，但在决定成为一名律师之后，我必须选择我应该在另一个城市开始读法学院之前获得哪个第一学位。)”可知， Kazumi决定做一名律师。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段的“I love maths. I got everything I wanted thanks to my university, which will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a general engineering degree at the same time. (我热爱数学。多亏了我的大学，我得到了我想要的一切，这将使我有资格成为一名高中教师，同时获得普通工程学位。)”可知，Vladimir得到了数学和工程师双学位资格。故选B项。
38．推理判断题。根据第三段的“One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organising the open day. The lecturers and current students provide an enthusiastic overview (概述) of their courses and of life in the city. (我选择这所大学的原因之一是他们为组织开放日所做的努力。讲师和在校学生对他们的课程和城市生活进行了热情的概述。)”可知，Osvaldo选择这所大学是因为它在开放日向学生们全面的展示自己的优势，以更有说服力的说辞来推销自己，使得Osvaldo非常愿意进入这所大学学习。故选B项。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“What I value most here is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community. (我在这里最看重的是感觉自己是一个支持我的社区的一部分。)”可知，Maria在大学里有一种归属感。故选C项。
40．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“My main reason for coming here was the Human Rights course. (我来这里的主要原因是为了学习人权课程。)”和第二段的“I got everything I wanted thanks to my university, which will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a general engineering degree at the same time. (多亏了我的大学，我得到了我想要的一切，这将使我有资格成为一名高中教师，同时获得普通工程学位。)”和第三段的“One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organising the open day. (我选择这所大学的原因之一是他们为组织开放日所做的努力。)”和第四段的“When the time came to select the university…this place instantly appealed to me. (当选择大学的时候，这个地方立刻吸引了我。)”可知，文章主要介绍了四名大学生在选择大学时的理由，D项(选择大学)可以作为文章标题，故选D项。
B
I grew up in libraries, or at least it feels that way. I was raised in the suburbs of Cleveland, just a few blocks from the brick-faced Bertram Woods branch of the Shaker Heights Public Library system. I went there several times a week with my mother. She and I would walk in together, but as soon as we passed through the door, we each headed towards our favorite sections. The library might have been the first place I was ever given autonomy.
Even when I was maybe four or five years old, I was allowed to head off on my own. Then, after a while, my mother and I would reunite at the checkout counter with our finds. Together we’d wait as the librarian pulled out the date card and stamped it with the checkout machine — that giant fist thumping the card with a loud chunk-chunk, printing a crooked due date underneath a score of previous crooked due dates that belonged to other people, other times.
Those visits were dreamy, frictionless (没有摩擦的) periods that held the promise of leaving me richer than I’d arrived. It wasn’t like going to a store with my mom, which guaranteed a tug-of-war between what I wanted and what my mother was willing to buy me; in the library, I could have anything I wanted.
After we had finished checking out the books, I loved being in the car and having all the books we’d gotten stacked on my lap, pressing me under their solid, warm weight, their Mylar covers sticking a bit to my thighs. It was such a thrill leaving a place with things you hadn’t paid for; such a thrill expecting the new books we would read. On the ride home, my mother and I talked about the order in which we were going to read our books, a serious conversation in which we planned how to pace ourselves through this charmed period of grace until the books were due.
When I was older, I usually walked to the library by myself, lugging back as many books as I could carry. Occasionally, I did go with my mother, and the trip would be as engaging as it had been when I was small. Even when I was in my last year of high school and could drive myself to the library, my mother and I still went together every now and then, and the trip unfolded exactly as it had when I was a child, with all the same beats and pauses ‘and comments and daydreaming, the same perfect rhythm we’d followed so many times before. After my mother passed away two years ago, I plunged into a deep shadow of grief for a long time. When I miss my mother these days, I like to picture us in the car together, going for one more magnificent trip to Bertram Woods, during which we talked, laughed — as if she were still in my company, giving me inexhaustible strength.
41．In this passage, the word “autonomy” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．vitality B．freedom C．inspiration D．entitlement
42．It can be inferred from the second and third paragraphs that ________.
A．the author and her mother borrowed books that no other people had ever read before
B．the author and her mother were dreaming of going to the library
C．the author and her mother would play some games when they were shopping
D．the author would fail to buy what she wanted in the store
43．After the author and her mother left the library, ________.
A．they would plan to read their newly-borrowed books with feverish enthusiasm
B．they would have a serious conversation about which book attracted them the most
C．they would be anxious to recommend to each other the books they had borrowed
D．they would agree on buying the books they had just borrowed if they enjoyed them
44．How does the author feel when she imagines herself in the car with her mother on the way to the library
A．Grieved. B．Shocked. C．Miserable. D．Comforted.
45．Following the last paragraph of this article, what would the author most likely go on to write about
A．One specific memory of a childhood trip to the library.
B．The fond childhood memories of her mother taking good care of her.
C．How her affection for going to the library has endured into her own motherhood.
D．Why her own child made up their mind to become a librarian after finishing college.
【答案】41．B 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和母亲起去图书馆借书的美好回忆，这份回忆一直陪伴着作者，给作者无尽的力量。
41．词句猜测题。 根据第二段第一句“Even when I was maybe four or five years old, I was allowed to head off on my own. (甚至在我四、五岁的时候，我也被允许独自离开)” 可知，此处是指图书馆可能是作者第一个获得自主权的地方.由此可知，划线词autonomy的意思是“自由”。故选B项。
42．推理判断题。由文章第二段“Then, after a while, my mother and I would reunite at the checkout counter with our finds. Together we’d wait as the librarian pulled out the date card and stamped it with the checkout machine — that giant fist thumping the card with a loud chunk-chunk, printing a crooked due date underneath a score of previous crooked due dates that belonged to other people, other times.(然后，过了一会儿，我和妈妈会在前台和我们找到的东西团聚。我们一起等着，图书管理员拿出日期卡，用前台盖上戳戳，巨大的拳头砰砰地一声敲打着卡片，在过去几十个不正确的到期日下面打印出一个不正确的到期日，而这些不正确的到期日属于其他人，其他时间)”和第三段“Those visits were dreamy, frictionless (没有摩擦的) periods that held the promise of leaving me richer than I’d arrived. It wasn’t like going to a store with my mom, which guaranteed a tug-of-war between what I wanted and what my mother was willing to buy me; in the library, I could have anything I wanted.(这些访问是梦幻般的，没有摩擦的时期，有希望让我比到达时更富有。这不像和我妈妈一起去商店，这保证了我想要的东西和我妈妈愿意给我买的东西之间的拉锯战；在图书馆里，我可以得到我想要的任何东西)”可知，作者和她的母亲梦想着去图书馆。故选B项。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“On the ride home, my mother and I talked about the order in which we were going to read our books, a serious conversation in which we planned how to pace ourselves through this charmed period of grace until the books were due.(在回家的路上，我和母亲谈了我们读书的顺序，一次严肃的谈话，我们计划如何在这段令人陶醉的宽限期里慢慢来，直到书到期)”可知，在离开图书馆后，作者和母亲会以狂热的热情计划阅读她们新借来的书。故选A项。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When I miss my mother these days, I like to picture us in the car together, going for one more magnificent trip to Bertram Woods, during which we talked, laughed — as if she were still in my company, giving me inexhaustible strength.(这些天，当我想念我的母亲时，我喜欢想象我们一起坐在汽车里，再去一次华丽的Bertram Woods之旅，我们谈笑风生，仿佛她还在陪伴着我，给了我无穷无尽的力量)”可知，当作者想象自己和母亲在去图书馆的路上坐在车里时，她感到很安慰。故选D项。
45．推理判断题。根据最后一段“After my mother passed away two years ago, I plunged into a deep shadow of grief for a long time. When I miss my mother these days, I like to picture us in the car together, going for one more magnificent trip to Bertram Woods, during which we talked, laughed — as if she were still in my company, giving me inexhaustible strength.(两年前母亲去世后，我很长一段时间都沉浸在悲痛之中。这些天当我想念我母亲的时候，我喜欢想象我们一起坐在 车里，再一次进行去Bertram Woods精彩的旅行，我们有说有笑，就好像她还在我的身边，给了我无穷无尽的力量)”可推知，接下来作者最可能写她对去图书馆的喜爱如何延续到她自己做母亲的过程中。故选C项。
C
Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.
Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight“ reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend. ” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”).
Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones (激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin (催产素), has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.
In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.
The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, tackling a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.
The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.
46．The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to ____________.
A．turn to friends for help B．solve a conflict calmly
C．seek comfort from children D．find an escape from reality
47．Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage
A．Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.
B．Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.
C．Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.
D．Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.
48．What can be learned from the passage
A．Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.
B．In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.
C．Male hormones help build up the body’s resistance to stress.
D．The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.
49．The underlined word in the Paragraph 5 may mean ___________.
A．anticipating B．managing C．claiming D．dealing
50．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．How researchers handle stress-related disorders
B．How men and women suffer from stress
C．How researchers overcome stress problems
D．How men and women get over stress
【答案】46．D 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是男女对压力反应的区别和原因以及如何克服压力。
46．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend. ”(面对压力，男人通常会做出“打或逃”的反应，而女人通常会有另一种反应，被称为“互助友好”。)”可知，面对压力时，男性会通常是“战或逃”的反应，因此在面对压力时，男人们更可能会做出逃跑的反应。故选D项。
47．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.(虽然男性也会分泌催产素，但它的作用会被男性荷尔蒙所削弱。)”可知，男性的催产素被男性荷尔蒙削弱，所以，对男性的影响会小于女性，由此可知，比起男性催产素在女性身上的作用更大。故选C项。
48．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone.(UCLA的研究小组认为，女性“拉关系还是交朋友”的反应也是基于一种激素。)”以及“The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones. (首席研究员Shelley E. Taylor博士解释说，“催产素水平高的动物和人更平静、更放松、更善于社交、更少焦虑。” 虽然男性也会分泌催产素，但它的作用会被男性荷尔蒙所削弱。)”可知，女性在面对压力时“互助友好”的反应也基于一种激素，就是催产素，较高水平的催产素能够让人更平静、放松、减少焦虑，而男性受催产素的影响较小，由此可推断，生理上的差异导致对压力不同的行为反应。故选A项。
49．词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet.(该研究还显示了父亲和母亲在结束一天紧张的工作回到家中时的不同反应。典型的父亲希望自己一个人呆着，享受一些平和和宁静。)”可知，研究表明一天的紧张工作回家后父亲和母亲有着不同的反应，父亲的反应是希望一个人呆着，享受一些平静，划线单词后的“focusing her attention on her children and their needs.(把注意力集中在孩子和他们的需求上)”可知，母亲对糟糕的一天的反应是把注意力集中在孩子和他们的需求上，这是两种不同处理紧张一天的方式，所以划线单词的意思与“处理”意义相近。故选B项。
50．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress.(UCLA心理学系的研究人员发现，男性和女性应对压力的方式存在重大差异。)”可知，心里学研究人员发现，男性和女性对待压力的方式有很大的差异，结合下文中分析产生这种差异的原因可知，本文主要介绍的是男性和女性处理压力的方式上有着很大的不同，所以题目“男人和女人如何克服压力”概括了全文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。
D
The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study of 15-year-old school pupils’ scholastic (学业的) performance in mathematics, science, and reading undertaken by the OECD (经济合作与发展组织). A closer look at the reading tests, shows the interesting fact that girls are outperforming boys in reading and that this is associated with girls’ greater enjoyment of reading.
One key area which has a major impact on reading performance, is reading for enjoyment rather than simply for study or school work purposes. Interestingly, the PISA study found that in all countries assessed (apart from South Korea), girls read for enjoyment more than boys. The study found that in all the countries assessed, just over half of boys (52%), but almost three-quarters of girls (73%) said that they read for enjoyment which may come as a surprise to many.
In countries such as Estonia and the Netherlands, the difference between boys and girls was most significant, where they found a 30% gap or more between the genders. Additionally in places such as Austria and Liechtenstein, very low levels of boys expressed interest in reading (40% or less), which are worrying statistics.
However, not all countries had such an obvious trend. In places like Japan, boys and girls read for enjoyment at an almost identical level, with 54% of boys and 58% of girls reporting that they enjoy reading. And there were a few countries and regions that scored very highly in boys reading enjoyment, for example in Albania, Indonesia and Shanghai in China where at least 80% of boys enjoy reading. Although these positive numbers are matched and passed by girls who reported an even higher level of reading enjoyment (90% or higher).
An interesting area which the PISA study looked at was the types of literature that both girls and boys generally enjoy. There were clear differences in the choices boys and girls make when deciding on what to read. Boys were found to enjoy reading magazines, newspapers and comic books more than girls. Girls were found to be twice as likely to enjoy works of fiction than boys.
Countries need to think about ways to inspire interest for boys in reading and ensure that they are exposed to a wide variety of different types of literature from a young age. Given that in OECD countries two in three boys only read newspapers for pleasure proves that there is work to be done.
51．What does the underlined word “outperforming” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Performing worse than. B．Performing better than.
C．Being more profitable than. D．Being the same as.
52．What could be inferred from Paragraph 2
A．In more than half of the countries surveyed, most boys read for pleasure.
B．In all countries assessed, over 70% girls read for study and schoolwork.
C．In all countries assessed, boys read for pleasure more than girls.
D．Enjoyment of reading is one of the main factors affecting reading performance.
53．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．In some countries 30% more girls read for pleasure than boys do.
B．In Austria, 40% more girls than boys are interested in reading.
C．More than half of the boys and girls in Japan have no interest in reading.
D．More boys than girls like reading in Shanghai.
54．What is the writer’s attitude towards boys’ reading choices
A．Positive. B．Disappointed. C．Worried. D．Admiring.
55．What could be the best title of the passage
A．PISA — A Worldwide Study Programme
B．Do Girls Read More Than Boys
C．Do Boys and Girls Have Different Reading Habits
D．Reading Strategies for Boys and Girls
【答案】51．B 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，介绍了PISA对全球15岁学生阅读能力的评估结果，发现女孩和男孩有着不同的阅读习惯，并且家庭经济状况和社会地位等因素也影响学生的阅读兴趣。
51．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“that this is associated with girls’ greater enjoyment of reading. (这与女孩更喜欢阅读有关)”可知，女孩更喜欢阅读，所以在阅读方面表现得比男孩好。由此可知，划线单词和“比……好”相似。选项B“performing better than(表现得比……好)”，符合词义。故选B。
52．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“One key area which has a major impact on reading performance, is reading for enjoyment rather than simply for study or school work purposes. Interestingly, the PISA study found that in all countries assessed (apart from South Korea), girls read for enjoyment more than boys. The study found that in all the countries assessed, just over half of boys (52%), but almost three-quarters of girls (73%) said that they read for enjoyment which may come as a surprise to many.(对阅读表现有重大影响的一个关键方面是，为了享受而阅读，而不仅仅是为了学习或学校作业。有趣的是，PISA研究发现，在所有接受评估的国家中(除了韩国)，女孩比男孩更喜欢阅读。该研究发现，在所有被评估的国家中，略多于一半的男孩(52%)和近四分之三的女孩(73%)表示，他们阅读是为了享受，这可能会让很多人感到惊讶)”可推知，为了享受而阅读是影响阅读表现的一个关键因素。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In countries such as Estonia and the Netherlands, the difference between boys and girls was most significant, where they found a 30% gap or more between the genders.(在爱沙尼亚和荷兰等国家，男孩和女孩之间的差异最为显著，他们发现男女之间的差距达到30%或更多)”可知，在一些国家，为乐趣而阅读的女孩比男孩多30%甚至更多。故选A。
54．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Countries need to think about ways to inspire interest for boys in reading and ensure that they are exposed to a wide variety of different types of literature from a young age. Given that in OECD countries two in three boys only read newspapers for pleasure proves that there is work to be done.(各国需要考虑如何激发男孩对阅读的兴趣，并确保他们从小就接触到各种不同类型的文学作品。考虑到在经合组织国家中，三分之二的男孩只是为了娱乐而读报纸，这证明了我们还有很多工作要做)”可知，对于男孩的阅读兴趣方面，作者认为还有很多工作去做。由此推知，作者对于男孩的阅读兴趣现状感到担忧。故选C。
55．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study of 15-year-old school pupils’ scholastic (学业的) performance in mathematics, science, and reading undertaken by the OECD (经济合作与发展组织). A closer look at the reading tests, shows the interesting fact that girls are outperforming boys in reading and that this is associated with girls’ greater enjoyment of reading.(国际学生评估项目(PISA)是经合组织(OECD)对15岁小学生在数学、科学和阅读方面的学术表现进行的一项全球性研究。仔细观察阅读测试，会发现一个有趣的事实，即女孩在阅读方面的表现优于男孩，这与女孩更喜欢阅读有关)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了男孩和女孩在阅读习惯方面的差别。由此可知，Do Boys and Girls Have Different Reading Habits (男孩和女孩有不同的阅读习惯吗？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
第II卷
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Aesha Ash spent most of her life ballet dancing and even turned it into a career as a member of the New York City Ballet. As much as she loved to dance, she found the weight of her obligation heavy because she was often the only African American ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员) in her classes and company.
After retiring from ballet in 2007. Aesha enjoyed the quiet life for about ten years before she decided to come back to ballet, but in a completely new way. She started The Swan Dreams Project that helps kids in poor areas get into the world of ballet. Aesha set up a one-week camp that invited kids to not only learn the basics of ballet, but also get an introduction to French (since she says it is “the language of ballet”).
Her first camp was in 2018 in a poor neighborhood in New York. When she arrived, she was greeted by dozens of students, most of whom were African Americans. She wanted to help kids who otherwise might not have ever had the chance to live in the world of ballet.
On the final day of camp, after a week of learning, the students put on a final performance for their family and friends. Before the performance, Aesha said she was nervous that it would be less of a performance and more of a mess, since the campers were all between 8 and 11 years old. Much to her surprise, it turned out to be perfect. She said. “When we went out to our first circle and the kids began counting in French and performing the steps they had just learned, my heart melted.”
Aesha continues to do whatever she can to help kids learn ballet. She found a way to turn that seemingly unbearable weight she once carried around into something good for kids, as well as for the world of ballet.
56．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean (1 word)
57．When did Aesha decide to start The Swan Dreams Project (no more than 10 words)
58．Where was Aesha’s one-week camp first held (no more than 10 words)
59．Why was Aesha surprised on the final day of her first camp (no more than 10 words)
60．What kind of person is Aesha Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】56．Responsibility. 57．About ten years after her retirement. 58．In a neighborhood in New York. 59．Because the campers gave a good final performance. 60．Aesha is loving and dedicated. Because she started The Swan Dreams Project to help kids in poor areas learn ballet.
【分析】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了一位非裔美国芭蕾舞演员在她退休十年之后决定发起“天鹅之梦”项目，以帮助贫困地区的孩子进入芭蕾世界的故事。
56．考查词义猜测。根据划线词下文“because she was often the only African American ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员) in her classes and company（因为她经常是她的班级和同伴中唯一的非裔美国芭蕾舞演员）”说明芭蕾舞演员中非裔美国人很少，结合下文第二段的“She started The Swan Dreams Project that helps kids in poor areas get into the world of ballet.( 她创办了“天鹅之梦”项目，帮助贫困地区的孩子们进入芭蕾舞的世界)”可推断，Aesha Ash认为自己责任重大，因此可知，划线词词义与responsibility“责任”意思相近，故答案为Responsibility.
57．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“After retiring from ballet in 2007. Aesha enjoyed the quiet life for about ten years before she decided to come back to ballet, but in a completely new way. She started The Swan Dreams Project that helps kids in poor areas get into the world of ballet.( 2007年从芭蕾舞界退休后，Aesha享受了十多年的平静生活然后她决定以一种全新的方式重返芭蕾舞界。她发起了“天鹅之梦”项目，帮助贫困地区的孩子进入芭蕾世界)”可知Aesha是在退休十年之后决定开始“天鹅之梦”项目的。故答案为About ten years after her retirement.
58．考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“Her first camp was in 2018 in a poor neighborhood in New York.( 她的第一个夏令营是在2018年，地点在纽约的一个贫困社区)”可知，Aesha的营地最初是在纽约的一个贫穷社区建立的。故答案为 In a poor neighborhood in New York.
59．考查细节理解。根据第四段的“Much to her surprise, it turned out to be perfect.( 令她大为惊讶的是，结果竟然是完美的)”可知，学员们最后完美的表演让Aesha感到很惊讶。故答案为Because the campers gave a good final performance.
60．开放试题。根据第二段的“She started The Swan Dreams Project that helps kids in poor areas get into the world of ballet.( 她创办了“天鹅之梦”项目，帮助贫困地区的孩子们进入芭蕾舞的世界)”和第三段的“She wanted to help kids who otherwise might not have ever had the chance to live in the world of ballet.( 她想帮助那些本来可能永远没有机会生活在芭蕾舞世界里的孩子们)”以及最后一句“Aesha continues to do whatever she can to help kids learn ballet.( 艾莎继续尽她所能帮助孩子们学习芭蕾舞)”可推断，Aesha是充满爱心的，有奉献精神的人。故答案为Aesha is loving and dedicated. Because she started The Swan Dreams Project to help kids in poor areas learn ballet.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是晨光中学李津，上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动(online life skills show)，主题为“劳动创造美好生活”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动主题及目的：
2.活动内容(烹饪作品展示，手工艺品制作交流等)；
3.活动反响及感悟。
参考词汇：
手工艺品 handicraft
注意：
1.词数不少于100；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
With the theme of Work Creates a Better Life, the first online life skills show was held in our school last Friday, which turned out to be a great success. The online show was broadcast live through the school website. Contestants were required to display their life skills of cooking and first aid. These skills are of great use in our daily life. Directly following participants’ performances, we audience voted and the one making Zongzi was rated the best. Everyone thinks highly of this activity. Through this activity, not only can we demonstrate our life skills, but also we can appreciate the life from a new angle.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇报道，介绍上周学校举办的首届生活技能云端展示活动，主题为“劳动创造美好生活”。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参赛者：participants→ contestants
展示：show→ display/ demonstrate
有用的，有益处的：be of great use→ be of benefit
被要求做某事：be required to do sth.→ be requested to do sth.
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Contestants were required to display their life skills of cooking and first aid. These skills are of great use in our daily life.
拓展句：Contestants were required to display their life skills of cooking and first aid, which are of great use in our daily life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】With the theme of Work Creates a Better Life, the first online life skills show was held in our school last Friday, which turned out to be a great success.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Through this activity, not only can we demonstrate our life skills, but also we can appreciate the life from a new angle.（运用了“not only”置于句首引起的“情态动词+主语+动词原形”的部分倒装结构）
www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）冲刺2024年高考英语模拟卷01（天津卷）
第I卷
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—Shall we offer the new position to Jack
—________.You are the boss.
A．You bet. B．It’s your call. C．No problem. D．It depends
2．_______ about a historical figure in his textbook, Meng Hao searched online for more information.
A．Curious B．Positive C．Confident D．Anxious
3．What you really need to do is to ________ the reason why you fail the exam.
A．figure out B．burn out C．fill out D．turn out
4．After the explosion from the chemical works, what the local government did first was to find safe places to provide ________ for the homeless families.
A．accommodation B．furniture C．equipment D．occupation
5．He doesn’t want ________ part of that report to be made public before he has a chance to look at it.
A．some B．any C．all D．none
6．The old man, _______ abroad for twenty years , is on the way back to his motherland.
A．to work B．working C．to have worked D．having worked.
7．Some old people can use the computer now, but they________ ten years ago.
A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
8．Scientists are building a powerful instrument, which __________ them see deep into space.
A．has helped B．will help C．helped D．would helped
9．— What do you think of archaeology, Bob
— I find it interesting and challenging. It is a subject ________ sometimes you may find yourself having conversations with your ancestors.
A．where B．which C．when D．that
10．—Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes. others are weak, he is strong.
A．Before B．When
C．Where D．Though
11．As to the educational reform, some people are _____ it, while others are strongly against it.
A．in need of B．in place of C．in favor of D．in honor of
12．Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, if ________properly, may lead to spreading diseases.
A．not handled B．not being handled
C．not to be handled D．not having handled
13．The fast-growing generative AI technology will be increasingly to a greater variety of sectors next year to upgrade traditional industries.
A．exploded B．applied C．used D．taken
14．The villagers hope that the world knows more about their traditional art that _________ for hundreds of years through the TV program.
A．preserved B．has been preserved
C．will be preserved D．was preserved
15．All entrances to the national park are ___________closed due to the dangerous avalanche caused by the recent heavy snow.
A．annually B．gradually C．initially D.temporarily
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
When I was a child my father taught me five words that I’ve used all my life—in my acting career, as a mother, in my business activities. If I 16 that I was afraid of the dark, or if I seemed worried about meeting new people, Dad would say, “Stand porter to your 17 .”
A porter is a gatekeeper, who stands at a door 18 people in or out. Dad would get me to 19 myself stopping destructive things—such as fear—at the door, 20 saying “Come in” to faith, love and self-assurance.
As a(n) 21 , before I went on camera, I’d make sure anxiety stayed out and confidence in my ability came in. As a mother, when I was 22 about my children, I would try not to let worry in but would 23 my mind with trust in them.
Of course, there were always times I’d 24 those words.
In 1972 my husband, Fillmore Crank, and I opened the doors to our own 25 in North Hollywood. This was a new business venture for us, and it was a lot more 26 and complicated than we had 27 .
We were on call 24 hours a day. Something was always going 28 . Electricity went on the blink, food wasn’t delivered, employees called in sick. Once, a flu epidemic 29 left us with no maids. Fillmore gave me a 30 : scrub floors or do the laundry. For 10 days I folded enough king-size sheets to 31 the whole state of California.
Then there was the 32 crisis. The price of gasoline doubled, and tourism in California 33 . How could we fill our beds What if we kept losing money What if we failed Fear and worry were sneaking in. But I caught them just 34 . I stood porter.
I stood in the door of my mind and sent fear packing.
These days at the hotel, whenever fear tries to 35 , I just smile and point to the sign that reads No Vacancy.
16．A．complained B．announced C．recalled D．decided
17．A．future B．find C．family D．studio
18．A．letting B．urging C．inviting D．observing
19．A．busy B．involve C．send D．picture
20．A．so B．and C．but D．or
21．A．official B．actress C．maid D．manager
22．A．serious B．curious C．anxious D．cautious
23．A．fill B．change C．read D．ease
24．A．eat B．twist C．exchange D．forget
25．A．clinic B．hotel C．laundry D．restaurant
26．A．promising B．demanding C．convincing D．boring
27．A．figured B．confirmed C．deduced D．suggested
28．A．sour B．missing C．wrong D．pale
29．A．hardly B．regularly C．specially D．suddenly
30．A．warning B．command C．choice D．solution
31．A．serve B．touch C．decorate D．blanket
32．A．credit B．energy C．identity D．family
33．A．ceased B．recovered C．dropped D．boomed
34．A．in time B．on purpose C．at random D．by chance
35．A．split B．shelter C．withdraw D．register
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Kazumi
My main reason for coming here was the Human Rights course. When I was at school I couldn’t decide whether I wanted to be a doctor or a lawyer, but having decided to be a lawyer, I then had to choose which first degree I should take before starting law school in another city. I’ve always wanted to help people and I figured that taking Human Rights would allow me to learn about how I can make a real difference in the world.
Vladimir
I love maths. I was torn between two possibilities: I could become an engineer and apply maths at a practical level. Or I could become a maths teacher. I needn’t have worried because in the end I didn’t have to choose! I got everything I wanted thanks to my university, which will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a general engineering degree at the same time.
Osvaldo
One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organising the open day. The lecturers and current students provide an enthusiastic overview (概述) of their courses and of life in the city. This was in contrast to other universities I visited, which just let their reputation do the talking. Although I chose not to live on campus (校园), the rooms there seemed comfortable and very reasonably priced.
Maria
When the time came to select the university, I had three possibilities, but I still could not decide. So it was time to schedule campus tours. They all had their advantages, but this place instantly appealed to me. As soon as I arrived, I was struck by the smiles everyone gave me. What I value most here is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community.
36．What job has Kazumi made up her mind to do
A．A doctor. B．A lawyer.
C．A maths teacher. D．A lecturer on Human Rights.
37．Who can obtain a double qualification from his or her university
A．Kazumi. B．Vladimir. C．Osvaldo. D．Maria.
38．Why did Osvaldo, choose his university
A．He found the courses affordable.
B．His university sold itself more convincingly.
C．He was won over by the university’s reputation.
D．His university offered excellent accommodation.
39．What do we know about Maria
A．She takes great interest in community service.
B．She made her choice from the very beginning.
C．She feels a sense of belonging at her university.
D．She was hoping to pass on knowledge to others.
40．What’s the best title for this passage
A．Choosing your favorite subject B．How to make friends
C．How to choose a community D．Choosing a university
B
I grew up in libraries, or at least it feels that way. I was raised in the suburbs of Cleveland, just a few blocks from the brick-faced Bertram Woods branch of the Shaker Heights Public Library system. I went there several times a week with my mother. She and I would walk in together, but as soon as we passed through the door, we each headed towards our favorite sections. The library might have been the first place I was ever given autonomy.
Even when I was maybe four or five years old, I was allowed to head off on my own. Then, after a while, my mother and I would reunite at the checkout counter with our finds. Together we’d wait as the librarian pulled out the date card and stamped it with the checkout machine — that giant fist thumping the card with a loud chunk-chunk, printing a crooked due date underneath a score of previous crooked due dates that belonged to other people, other times.
Those visits were dreamy, frictionless (没有摩擦的) periods that held the promise of leaving me richer than I’d arrived. It wasn’t like going to a store with my mom, which guaranteed a tug-of-war between what I wanted and what my mother was willing to buy me; in the library, I could have anything I wanted.
After we had finished checking out the books, I loved being in the car and having all the books we’d gotten stacked on my lap, pressing me under their solid, warm weight, their Mylar covers sticking a bit to my thighs. It was such a thrill leaving a place with things you hadn’t paid for; such a thrill expecting the new books we would read. On the ride home, my mother and I talked about the order in which we were going to read our books, a serious conversation in which we planned how to pace ourselves through this charmed period of grace until the books were due.
When I was older, I usually walked to the library by myself, lugging back as many books as I could carry. Occasionally, I did go with my mother, and the trip would be as engaging as it had been when I was small. Even when I was in my last year of high school and could drive myself to the library, my mother and I still went together every now and then, and the trip unfolded exactly as it had when I was a child, with all the same beats and pauses ‘and comments and daydreaming, the same perfect rhythm we’d followed so many times before. After my mother passed away two years ago, I plunged into a deep shadow of grief for a long time. When I miss my mother these days, I like to picture us in the car together, going for one more magnificent trip to Bertram Woods, during which we talked, laughed — as if she were still in my company, giving me inexhaustible strength.
41．In this passage, the word “autonomy” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．vitality B．freedom C．inspiration D．entitlement
42．It can be inferred from the second and third paragraphs that ________.
A．the author and her mother borrowed books that no other people had ever read before
B．the author and her mother were dreaming of going to the library
C．the author and her mother would play some games when they were shopping
D．the author would fail to buy what she wanted in the store
43．After the author and her mother left the library, ________.
A．they would plan to read their newly-borrowed books with feverish enthusiasm
B．they would have a serious conversation about which book attracted them the most
C．they would be anxious to recommend to each other the books they had borrowed
D．they would agree on buying the books they had just borrowed if they enjoyed them
44．How does the author feel when she imagines herself in the car with her mother on the way to the library
A．Grieved. B．Shocked. C．Miserable. D．Comforted.
45．Following the last paragraph of this article, what would the author most likely go on to write about
A．One specific memory of a childhood trip to the library.
B．The fond childhood memories of her mother taking good care of her.
C．How her affection for going to the library has endured into her own motherhood.
D．Why her own child made up their mind to become a librarian after finishing college.
C
Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.
Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight“ reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend. ” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”).
Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones (激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin (催产素), has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.
In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.
The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, tackling a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.
The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.
46．The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to ____________.
A．turn to friends for help B．solve a conflict calmly
C．seek comfort from children D．find an escape from reality
47．Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage
A．Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.
B．Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.
C．Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.
D．Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.
48．What can be learned from the passage
A．Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.
B．In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.
C．Male hormones help build up the body’s resistance to stress.
D．The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.
49．The underlined word in the Paragraph 5 may mean ___________.
A．anticipating B．managing C．claiming D．dealing
50．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．How researchers handle stress-related disorders
B．How men and women suffer from stress
C．How researchers overcome stress problems
D．How men and women get over stress
D
The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study of 15-year-old school pupils’ scholastic (学业的) performance in mathematics, science, and reading undertaken by the OECD (经济合作与发展组织). A closer look at the reading tests, shows the interesting fact that girls are outperforming boys in reading and that this is associated with girls’ greater enjoyment of reading.
One key area which has a major impact on reading performance, is reading for enjoyment rather than simply for study or school work purposes. Interestingly, the PISA study found that in all countries assessed (apart from South Korea), girls read for enjoyment more than boys. The study found that in all the countries assessed, just over half of boys (52%), but almost three-quarters of girls (73%) said that they read for enjoyment which may come as a surprise to many.
In countries such as Estonia and the Netherlands, the difference between boys and girls was most significant, where they found a 30% gap or more between the genders. Additionally in places such as Austria and Liechtenstein, very low levels of boys expressed interest in reading (40% or less), which are worrying statistics.
However, not all countries had such an obvious trend. In places like Japan, boys and girls read for enjoyment at an almost identical level, with 54% of boys and 58% of girls reporting that they enjoy reading. And there were a few countries and regions that scored very highly in boys reading enjoyment, for example in Albania, Indonesia and Shanghai in China where at least 80% of boys enjoy reading. Although these positive numbers are matched and passed by girls who reported an even higher level of reading enjoyment (90% or higher).
An interesting area which the PISA study looked at was the types of literature that both girls and boys generally enjoy. There were clear differences in the choices boys and girls make when deciding on what to read. Boys were found to enjoy reading magazines, newspapers and comic books more than girls. Girls were found to be twice as likely to enjoy works of fiction than boys.
Countries need to think about ways to inspire interest for boys in reading and ensure that they are exposed to a wide variety of different types of literature from a young age. Given that in OECD countries two in three boys only read newspapers for pleasure proves that there is work to be done.
51．What does the underlined word “outperforming” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Performing worse than. B．Performing better than.
C．Being more profitable than. D．Being the same as.
52．What could be inferred from Paragraph 2
A．In more than half of the countries surveyed, most boys read for pleasure.
B．In all countries assessed, over 70% girls read for study and schoolwork.
C．In all countries assessed, boys read for pleasure more than girls.
D．Enjoyment of reading is one of the main factors affecting reading performance.
53．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．In some countries 30% more girls read for pleasure than boys do.
B．In Austria, 40% more girls than boys are interested in reading.
C．More than half of the boys and girls in Japan have no interest in reading.
D．More boys than girls like reading in Shanghai.
54．What is the writer’s attitude towards boys’ reading choices
A．Positive. B．Disappointed. C．Worried. D．Admiring.
55．What could be the best title of the passage
A．PISA — A Worldwide Study Programme
B．Do Girls Read More Than Boys
C．Do Boys and Girls Have Different Reading Habits
D．Reading Strategies for Boys and Girls
第II卷
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Aesha Ash spent most of her life ballet dancing and even turned it into a career as a member of the New York City Ballet. As much as she loved to dance, she found the weight of her obligation heavy because she was often the only African American ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员) in her classes and company.
After retiring from ballet in 2007. Aesha enjoyed the quiet life for about ten years before she decided to come back to ballet, but in a completely new way. She started The Swan Dreams Project that helps kids in poor areas get into the world of ballet. Aesha set up a one-week camp that invited kids to not only learn the basics of ballet, but also get an introduction to French (since she says it is “the language of ballet”).
Her first camp was in 2018 in a poor neighborhood in New York. When she arrived, she was greeted by dozens of students, most of whom were African Americans. She wanted to help kids who otherwise might not have ever had the chance to live in the world of ballet.
On the final day of camp, after a week of learning, the students put on a final performance for their family and friends. Before the performance, Aesha said she was nervous that it would be less of a performance and more of a mess, since the campers were all between 8 and 11 years old. Much to her surprise, it turned out to be perfect. She said. “When we went out to our first circle and the kids began counting in French and performing the steps they had just learned, my heart melted.”
Aesha continues to do whatever she can to help kids learn ballet. She found a way to turn that seemingly unbearable weight she once carried around into something good for kids, as well as for the world of ballet.
56．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean (1 word)
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57．When did Aesha decide to start The Swan Dreams Project (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________
58．Where was Aesha’s one-week camp first held (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________
59．Why was Aesha surprised on the final day of her first camp (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________
60．What kind of person is Aesha Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
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第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是晨光中学李津，上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动(online life skills show)，主题为“劳动创造美好生活”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动主题及目的：
2.活动内容(烹饪作品展示，手工艺品制作交流等)；
3.活动反响及感悟。
参考词汇：
手工艺品 handicraft
注意：
1.词数不少于100；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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