英语（上海新世纪版）必修一 精品单元说课教案：《Unit1 occupation》
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| 名称 | 英语（上海新世纪版）必修一 精品单元说课教案：《Unit1 occupation》 |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 36.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 上海新世纪版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2015-09-04 18:31:16 | ||
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Module1 People
Unit1 Occupation单元教案
Teaching Objectives:
1. To describe such ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )occupations as mentioned in the text, and the nature of the jobs.
2. To talk about what a job holder does on a typical working day.
3. To describe as many occupations as possible. For example, the jobs of one’s parents, relatives, etc.
4. To study relative clauses with relative pronouns: who, whom, that, which, whose and learn to use the relative clauses in describing things.
5. To write compound sentences.
Language focus and difficult points:
1. Words and expressions:
grow up grown-up take up be made up of all walks of life
involve explain/explanation operate/ operation no longer,
without exception/exception be favoured (over) sell(sold, sold)/sale
2. Structures:
The relative clause (1)
Relative pronouns: who, whom, that, which, whose
Teaching allotment: 9 periods
1. Reading (preparing)
2. Reading (para1-4)
3. Reading (para5-7)
4. Structure: The relative clause (1)
5. Listening
6. Speaking
7. Writing and additional reading
8. Workbook
9. Summary
Period One
Warming-up:
1. Self-introduction
2. Make the requests of this course to the students.
3. Daily talk: the feeling for the new term, study, book and so on.
Leading-in:
1. Say names of occupations as many as possible
2. Introduce the topic by the following questions:
(1). where do the people in picture 1 and 2 work What do they do
(hospital, surgeon(physician)/restaurant ,hotel, chef)
(2). In picture 3,whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re is the lady standing What is her occupation
(in he front of the class / teacher)
(3). What do you think the people in picture 4 do
( fashion models)
(4). What kind of people are likely to work in the office building
(mangers and secretaries )
(clerk, lawyer, agent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), director, agent, accountant, custom/ government officer)
(white-collar, golden-collar)
(5). What are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the people doing in picture 6 What are their occupations
(build a high-rise or a skyscraper / builders) (blue-collar)
Reading:
1. Scan the text and answer the questions:
(1). Where do teachers, surgeons, businesspersons and chefs work
(schools, colleges, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) universities / hospital / office building / hotel , restaurant)
(2). Where do secretaries and fashion models work
(office building /appear on the stage)
2.Time permitting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), read the new words and expressions as well as the whole text.
Homework:
1. Copy new words and expressions.
2. Prepare to say ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) something about the jobs of your parents and relatives.
3. What’s your favorite occupation Why
Period Two
Warming-up:
1. Daily Talk: My favorite occupation
2. Guess the occupations:
① ( Surgeon ): They op ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly.
② ( Fashion m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )odels ): They wear good-looking clothes and appear on the T-stage.
③ ( Secretar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y ): They write letters, keep files, answer telephones and help the boss to finish work.
④ ( Chef ): The chief cook in a restaurant or hotel.
⑤ ( builders ): They work at unfinished high-rises or skyscrapers.
Leading-in:
Answer the following questions and notice the sentences:
1. What do your parents do
2. What’s your father’s job
3. What’s your mother’s occupation
4. Where does your uncle work
5. Who does your aunt work for
Reading:
Ⅰ. Scan the first two paragraphs and answer the questions.
1. What tasks do teachers undertake
(order books, expla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in lessons, give homework, correct papers, give grades to the students)
2. How do they help their students
(in various ways, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )each them to be honest, encourage, set a good example to the students through what they say and do.)
Ⅱ. Listen to the tape, the teacher explains the text:
1. occupation
[u.] 居住; 占领 [c.]居住期,占有期; 职业; 业余活动,消遣
under the occupation of 由……占领
four-year occupation of the farm 对农场四年的占有期
What is your occupation 你的职业是什么
She has many occu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pations including gardening and wine-making. 他有许多消遣包括园艺和酿酒.
By occupation 职业上的
He is a teacher by occupation. 他的职业是老师。
occupy [V.] 占有,占领; 占据, 充满
occupy oneself in doing sth. 忙着(做某事); 忙(于某事物)
be occupied (in doing sth. / with sth.) 忙于…….
occupation/work/job (occupation 和 job 是可数名词; work 是不可数名词.)
out of a job=out of work=lose one’s occupation /job 失业的
on the job 正在工作
2. grow up 长大成人；兴起，崛起
What do you want to be when you grow up
He grew up on a farm.
New cities grow up into deserts.
Internet has grown up during the past 10 years.
grown-up adj. 长大的/ n. 成人 （pl.）grown-ups
grown-up attitude toward work; grown-up movies.
成年人对工作的态度；成人电影
She has a grown up daughter who lives abroad.
她有一个成年的女儿住在国外。
3. all walks of life 各行各业 /职业，行业，各个阶层
The members of the club include people from all walks of life.
俱乐部的成员包括各阶层的人士。
4. various [adj.] 各种各样的,种类繁多的
variety [n.] a variety of = various
vary[v.]呈现不同; 改变, 变动
Their hobbies are many and various. 他们的业余爱好五花八门．
He left for various reasons. 他由于种种原因离开．
Prices vary with the reason. 物价随着季节变化而变化．
5. take up
1). 开始从事（某职业）
She has taken up a job as a nurse. (start or begin sth as a job)
What did you take up basketball
2). 开始从事（某项活动）；对…产生兴趣
take up gardening, golf, acting, etc. 从事园艺，高尔夫球，表演等。
She took up painting after he retired last year.
她去年退休后开始画画。
3). 占用（时间或空间）
The job took up most of the weekend. 这个工作占用了大半个周末。
It doesn’t take up much room. 它不占太大的空间。
He has a very small ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )room and most of the space is taken up by a large bed.
be made up of 由．．．组成
=be composed of; consist of; comprise
The medical team was made up of three doctors and two nurses.
这个医疗队由三名医生和两名护士组成。
All bodies are made up of atoms. 一切物体由原子构成．
U.K. comprises four different parts. 英国由四个部分组成．
This book consists of twenty short stories. 这本书由20个小故事组成．
The paper is composed of four big parts. 这张试卷由四大部分组成．
be made of (强调物理变化)/ be made from（强调化学变化）
e.g. This desk is made up of stone.
Cake is made from flour ,eggs and sugar.
Make up 构成；创作；编造
The girls make up the majority of Class Ten.
He made up a wonderful story to explain his absence.
Make up for 弥补
We must work hard to make up for the lost time.
6. profession [n.] 职业, 专业
Profession: an occ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )upation, esp. one requiring advanced education and special training, e.g. the law, architecture, medicine, accountancy. 职业（尤指需接受高深教育及特殊训练的）专门职业（例如：律师，建筑师，医师，会计师的职业）
Occupation: busines ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, trade, etc. that which occupied one’s time, either permanently or as a hobby, etc. 事业，职业，行业，工作（永久的或作为嗜好而占据某人之时间的）
the profession （集合名词）职业界，同业
The legal profe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssion has/have always resisted the change. 法律界人士总是对变革加以抵制．
by profession 作为职业
He is a lawyer by profession. 他的职业是律师．
Professional [adj./n.] 职业的；具有专门资格的人
He wants to search for professional advice. 他想寻求专业的意见．
a golf professional 高尔夫球职业运动员
7. obtain [v.] 取得，获得
=get; acquire; gain
8. society [n.]
1) 社会 （无冠词）
Society has a right to expect us to obey the law.
社会有权利要求我们遵守法律。
2）社团（可用冠词）
Consumers’ Society 消费者协会
9. involve (vt.) 牵涉，包含，需要
involve sb in ( doing ) sth. 把某人陷入\卷入（做）某事
Don’t involve me in your trouble. 别把我卷入你们的纠纷。
The job involves the cooperation of both the young and old.
这个计划需要年轻人和老年人的合作。
All the children were involved in the school play.
所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的戏剧。
This lesson involves a lot of work. 这一课需要做的工作有很多。
This job involves little work. 这任务的工作量不大。
be involved in 包含在...; 与...有关; 被卷入; 专心地(做)
be involved in trouble卷入纠纷
be involved in disaster陷入不幸
He was involved in working out a plan. 他专心致志地制订计划。
Was he involved in reading the book all evening
他一整晚都在聚精会神看书吗？
10. explain (vt.) / explanation (n.) 解释
explain one's absence说明缺席的理由
Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.
请向我说明从哪里开始以及怎样做。
explain the word properly in English 用英语正确地解释这个词
notes in explanation注解
oral explanation口头说明
Martin shook his head, but gave no explanation. 马丁摇摇头，没有作任何解
12. impact [n.] have an impact on 对．．．产生（巨大的）影响
The invention of computer has an impact on human society.
电脑的发明对人类产生了重要的影响。
have an effect on 对．．．产生影响，效果
Lu Xun had/made a notable effect on literature.鲁迅对文学产生了显著的影响。
Ⅲ. Homework:
1. Copy and translate the two paragraphs.
2. Recite the two paragraphs.
Period Three
Warming-up:
Answer the questions and notice the sentences:
What’s your favorite occupation
What’s your ideal job
What kind of person do you want to be in the future
What occupation would you like to take up when you grow up
Leading-in:
Revision:
Translate some phrases and sentences from the first two paragraphs.
Reading:
Ⅰ. Scan Paragraph 3,4 and answer the questions.
1. In what ways is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a surgeon different from an ordinary doctor And in what ways are they similar
( operate on sick peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple, repair the organs,/ order medicine and watch the patients.)
2. What does t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he writer mean by saying “a secretary stands between her boss and the visitors” Do you agree that girls are favored over boys
(visitor talk to the secretary first, report to the boss, make an appointment with her boss)
Ⅱ. Listen to the tape, the teacher explains the text:
13.operate (v.) 操作，动手术 / operation (n.)操作，行动，手术
Can you operate the machine 你能操作这台机器吗？
to operate a machine 开机器
to operate a factory 开工厂
operating-table 手术台
The doctors operated on her stomach. 医生给她的胃动了手术。
an operation on her stomach 给她的胃动的手术
You can get a private doctor to operate her.
Perform operation 动手术
Two days later the operation was performed.
14. no longer (not any longer, not any more) 不再．．．
He no longer lives here.
He doesn’t live here any longer.
No longer/no more: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )no longer 表示时间概念，相当于not…any longer, 用来表示一种持续状态的终止。No more 表示数量与程度，相等于not…any more，用来表示不再重复以前发生过的动作。
e.g. He is no longer young. 指年轻状态的终止。
He still smoked, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) but he drank no more. 指不再有喝酒的行为。
No longer 常置于行为动词之前或be动词之后, no more 则置于行为动词之后。
15. without exception 毫无例外
be of no exception 无例外的
You must answer all the questions without exception.
你必须毫无例外地回答所有问题。
All men between 18 and 45 without exception are expected to serve
in the army during a war.
战争期间，希望所有18到45岁男子无一例外地去军队服役。
There is an exception to this grammatical rule.
这条语法规则有个例外。
Everyone here should clean the room, and he is of no exception.
这里的每个人都得打扫房屋，他也不例外．
16. be favoured (over)
Females are favoured over males in that kind of job.
my favorite book/job
I am in favor of stopping work now. 我赞成现在停止工作。
Structures:
1. They are a specia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l kind of doctors who operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly.
2. The skills of a sur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )geon sometimes mean the difference between life and death.
3. A secretary is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a person who writes letters, answers the telephone, and receives people.
4. A secretary stands between her boss and the visitors.
Ⅲ. Homework:
1. Copy and translate Para. 3,4.
2. Recite the two paragraphs.
Period Four
Warming-up:
Daily talk: Say one occupation in details
Leading-in:
Revision:
Translate some phrases and sentences from Para. 3,4
Reading:
Ⅰ. Scan Paragraph 5,6,7,8 and answer the questions.
1. Do you think tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t a businessperson always works in an office What are the other places where he/ she possibly works How does a businessperson make his / her money easily
( make contracts, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave discussion with other business partners, work very hard, work overtime)
2. There are many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cooks, but not many people become chefs. So what is the difference between a cook and a chef
( skilled cook, chief cook)
3. Can you name some fashion models Are they your idols why
Chinese model: 马艳丽, 瞿颖, 王海珍, 胡兵
Foreign model: Cin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dy Crawford(辛迪-克劳馥), Claudia Schiffer(克劳迪亚-席佛) , Christy Turlington(克里斯蒂-特灵顿)
Ⅱ. Listen to the tape, and the teacher explains the text:
17. partner (n.): person who takes par in an activities with another or others, esp one of several owners of a business. 伙伴, 合伙人
dancing partner 舞伴
a business partner 合伙生意人
18. sell (v.) 出售，卖 / sale (n.)
Is the book selling well 这书好卖吗？
The shop sold out all their silk skirts.这商店买完了所有的真丝衬衫。
The sale of his old house made him sad. 卖掉老房子使他很伤心。
1) sell sb. sth.把某物卖给某人=sell sth to sb
sell a match [game]受贿赂故意输掉, 出卖比赛
sell sth. at a bargain廉价出售某物= a bargain sale
sell one's country 卖国
I've been sold. 我被欺骗了。
The shop sold out all their silk shirts.
The car is selling well. 这汽车很好卖(注意: 不用被动)
2) for sale待售，出售
Not for Sale 非卖品
That house is for sale. 那座房子待售。
The Browns are leaving town, so their house is for sale.
on sale（廉价）出售，上市
19. work at / work on 从事于
Businessman works at buying, selling , and producing things.
He is working on a new novel.
Work for 任职于…
He works for a travel agency.
Works [复数]（文学、艺术的）作品，著作
Works of Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
The works was composed in 1773.
20. produce [v.]生产 [n.] production
That factory produces cars. 那家工厂生产小汽车
21. hire [vt.]:雇用；租借，出租
22. effort(n.)努力; 奋斗; 努力的杰作，精心的准备
make efforts to do sth. 努力做．．．．．．
I will make every effort to arrive on time. 我会尽一切努力准时到达.
His novel is a fine effort. 他的小说是一部精心的杰作。
23. wear/ put on
wear 强调状态，而put on 强调动作
She is wearing a red dress. 她穿着一条红色的长裙．
She is putting on a red dress. 她正在穿一条红色的长裙．
24. cooperate [v.] 合作
cooperate with sb
cooperation [n.] 合作
25. audience (集合名词)听众，观众
a large audience/ a small audience
26. style /model
model (汽车等的)型，样式，设计
style (艺术，建筑的) 样式，技巧和手法；（衣服等的）（流行）型或款式
the latest style in hairdo 最新发型
Structures:
1. A businessp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erson usually works in an office, where he/she plans business activities and prepares reports.
2. People oft ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en go to restaurants for dinner, where they meet relatives or friends.
3. Often the clothes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and hairstyles worn by fashion models seem strange to us.
Ⅲ. Homework:
1. Copy and translate Para. 5,6,7,8.
2. Recite the four paragraphs.
Period Five
Warming-up:
Daily talk: occupations in the future
Leading-in:
Revisions:
1. Retell the text
2. Check the following:
Phrases：
grow up 长大，成长
grown-up 长大的；成人
be made up of 由……组成
take up 从事（有兴趣）
all walks of life 各行各业
in the future 将来
in future 从今以后
try one’s best to do 尽……的努力去做
order books 订购书本
correct papers 批改试卷
give grades to 评分
at the end of 在……的结束
in the end 最后，终于
have an impact on 对……产生影响
all through one’s life 贯穿某人的一生
operate on 给……动手术
no longer 不再
difference between life and death 生死攸关
be similar to 与……相似
greet people 问候（人们）
file away papers 存档
without exception 毫无例外
be favoured over 得到……的偏爱
work at 致力于
get rich quick 暴富
by oneself 独自
hard-earned money 血汗钱
cooperate with 与……合作
style of clothe 衣服式样
fashion show 时装秀
a large audience 大量观众
Speaking activities:
Ⅰ.Topic: What occupation would you like to have in the future
1.Work in group first.
2.Ask a representative to present the topic.
3. Teacher and students give the comments.
Ⅱ. Topic: A typical working day
1. Preparation: In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )terview one of your family members. Try to get the information about his/her typical working day (Homework in PⅠ)
2. Share the information with your deskmate.
3. Read out the information to the class.
Ⅲ. Topic: What’s his job ( SB P11 )
Ⅳ. Topic: An inexperienced waiter ( WB P6 )
Homework:
1. Write the story of An inexperienced waiter ( WB P6 ).
2. Preview Writing ( SB P13 )
Period Six
Warming-up:
Daily talk: Imagine a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )typical working day of mine in the future and describe that.
Listening Practice:
Ⅰ.Topic: Here’s a job for you.
1. Listen to the conversations entirely.
2. Listen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to each conversation again, and fill in the table while listening.
3. Listen the third time and then check the answers.
Ⅱ. Topic: An interview with a fireman
1. Listen to the dialogue entirely.
2. Listen again, and fill in the table while listening.
3. Check the answers.
Ⅲ. Listening Practice in WB P4,5
Writing:
Writing Compound Sentences
1. Explain the link words as following:
And, but, while, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) so, for, however, or, otherwise, therefore, then, etc.
2. Notes to the Compound Sentences.
3. Practising writing: ( SB P14 )
Homework:
1. Make sentences with the link words.
2. Preview additional reading.
Period Seven
Warming-up:
Daily talk: What will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you choose to study if you go into the university
Leading-in:
1. Revision: the compound sentence
2. Say names of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) different majorities in colleges and universities.
Additional reading:
1. Listen to the tape and read the passage.
2. Explain the language points:
have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
insist （坚持要某人做某事）+ that(虚拟从句)
insist 表坚持认为，时不用虚拟
make up one’s mind to do 决定做某事
change one’s mind to do 改变注意做某事
on one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
disagree with sb. 与某人意见不一致
force sb. to do sth. 逼迫某人做某事
follow career 从事职业
make a decision 作出决定
3. Finish the Ex. ( SB P16 )
Homework:
1. Finish the exercises in workbook. ( P7,8,9 )
2. Copy and translate additional reading.
3. Preview the relative clause.
Period Eight
The Relative Clause
Explanations:
用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一．词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句
代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 Who which that
主语 Whom which that
宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例１：This is the detective who came from London.
例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
例３：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
例４：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
２．关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, mu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：
All the people that are present burst into tears.
(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：
There are about sev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.
(4) which还有一种特殊用法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：
He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
(6) which可作表语，既可指人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。
(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：
The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
(9) 如果先行词是anyone, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：
Is there anyone here who will go with you
３．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(1) “介词＋关系代词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
(2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：
We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
(3) 像listen to, l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ook at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
二．关系副词引导的定语从句
1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3. 先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..
2) He was the only person in this country who was invited
四．As在定语从句中的用法
1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
（１）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
（２）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：
The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
３）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。
2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：
(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.
(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.
Exercise:
Finish the exercises in SB and WB.
Homework:
Correct the following sentences:
1.These who have plenty of money will help their friend.
2.This is the longest train which I have ever seen.
3.Which we all know, swimming is a very good sport.
4.I shall never f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orget those years which I lived in the farm which you visited last week.
5.The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong.
6.He paid the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
7.The day will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come which the people all over the world will win liberation.
8.Mr. Henson is one of the foreign experts who is working in China.
9.They talked for abou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t an hour of things and persons who they remembered in the school.
10.My glasses, wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h which I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
11.He is a man of great experience, from who much can be learned.
12.A harvest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er is a machine with which we harvest crops or a person which is harvesting.
13.I have bought the same dress which she is wearing.
14.In the po ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lice station I saw the man from which room the thief had stolen the TV set.
15.Chapin, for who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) money was now no problem, start a new film company with his friends.
16.Please put the letter which he can easily find it.
17.The house in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) front of which there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago.
18.Antarctic, which ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
19.The reason why I was away from school is because I was ill yesterday.
20.It was a meeting that importance I didn’t realize at that time
21.She was the one I met at the party, whom you knew.
22.They have decide ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d to stay at home, that is, I think ,a wise choice.
23.All the apples which fell down were eaten by the pigs.
24.Did you see the man whom I nodded just now
25.I, who is your good friend, will try my best to help you.
26.---How do you like the book
---It’s quite different from the one what I read last month.
27.Is oxygen the only gas which helps fire burn
28. I’ll tell you all what he told me last week.
29.In the dark street, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) there wasn’t a single person from whom she could turn for help
30.Willma becam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, that made her mother very happy.
31.She heard a terrible noise , as brought her heart into her mouth.
32.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whom family was poor.
33.The weather tu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rned out to be very good, that was more than we could expect.
34.After livin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town which he grew up as a child.
35.I shall never forge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t those years which I lived in the country with the farmers.
37.Dorothy was always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) speaking highly of her role in the play, who ,of course , made the others unhappy.
38.Recently I bought a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n ancient Chinese vase , the price of whose was very reasonable.
39.Which has al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ready been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.
40.He lived in London ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for 3 months , during that time he learned some English.
41.Oh the wall hung a picture, which color is blue.
42.Whenever I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) met him , that was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.
43.The visito ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r asked the guide to take his picture there stands the famous tower.
44.The boss whose ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
45.I don’t like the way which you speak to her.
Keys:
1these-those 2which-that 3which-as 4which-when 5drop‘it’
6.them-which 7which-when 8is-are 9who-that 10with-without.
11who-whom 12which-who 13which-as 14which-whose15 who-whom
16. which-where 17dr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )op`the` 18which前加about 19.because-that 20that-whose
21whom-as 22 that-which23which-that 24nodded后加to 25is-am
26what-that 27which-that 28what-that 29from-to 30that-which
31as-which 32whom-whose 33that-which 34which-where 35which-when
37who-which 38whose-which 39which-as 40that-which
41 which-whose 42 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that-which 43there-where 44worded后加in 45which-in which
Unit1 Occupation单元教案
Teaching Objectives:
1. To describe such ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )occupations as mentioned in the text, and the nature of the jobs.
2. To talk about what a job holder does on a typical working day.
3. To describe as many occupations as possible. For example, the jobs of one’s parents, relatives, etc.
4. To study relative clauses with relative pronouns: who, whom, that, which, whose and learn to use the relative clauses in describing things.
5. To write compound sentences.
Language focus and difficult points:
1. Words and expressions:
grow up grown-up take up be made up of all walks of life
involve explain/explanation operate/ operation no longer,
without exception/exception be favoured (over) sell(sold, sold)/sale
2. Structures:
The relative clause (1)
Relative pronouns: who, whom, that, which, whose
Teaching allotment: 9 periods
1. Reading (preparing)
2. Reading (para1-4)
3. Reading (para5-7)
4. Structure: The relative clause (1)
5. Listening
6. Speaking
7. Writing and additional reading
8. Workbook
9. Summary
Period One
Warming-up:
1. Self-introduction
2. Make the requests of this course to the students.
3. Daily talk: the feeling for the new term, study, book and so on.
Leading-in:
1. Say names of occupations as many as possible
2. Introduce the topic by the following questions:
(1). where do the people in picture 1 and 2 work What do they do
(hospital, surgeon(physician)/restaurant ,hotel, chef)
(2). In picture 3,whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re is the lady standing What is her occupation
(in he front of the class / teacher)
(3). What do you think the people in picture 4 do
( fashion models)
(4). What kind of people are likely to work in the office building
(mangers and secretaries )
(clerk, lawyer, agent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), director, agent, accountant, custom/ government officer)
(white-collar, golden-collar)
(5). What are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the people doing in picture 6 What are their occupations
(build a high-rise or a skyscraper / builders) (blue-collar)
Reading:
1. Scan the text and answer the questions:
(1). Where do teachers, surgeons, businesspersons and chefs work
(schools, colleges, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) universities / hospital / office building / hotel , restaurant)
(2). Where do secretaries and fashion models work
(office building /appear on the stage)
2.Time permitting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), read the new words and expressions as well as the whole text.
Homework:
1. Copy new words and expressions.
2. Prepare to say ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) something about the jobs of your parents and relatives.
3. What’s your favorite occupation Why
Period Two
Warming-up:
1. Daily Talk: My favorite occupation
2. Guess the occupations:
① ( Surgeon ): They op ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly.
② ( Fashion m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )odels ): They wear good-looking clothes and appear on the T-stage.
③ ( Secretar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y ): They write letters, keep files, answer telephones and help the boss to finish work.
④ ( Chef ): The chief cook in a restaurant or hotel.
⑤ ( builders ): They work at unfinished high-rises or skyscrapers.
Leading-in:
Answer the following questions and notice the sentences:
1. What do your parents do
2. What’s your father’s job
3. What’s your mother’s occupation
4. Where does your uncle work
5. Who does your aunt work for
Reading:
Ⅰ. Scan the first two paragraphs and answer the questions.
1. What tasks do teachers undertake
(order books, expla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in lessons, give homework, correct papers, give grades to the students)
2. How do they help their students
(in various ways, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )each them to be honest, encourage, set a good example to the students through what they say and do.)
Ⅱ. Listen to the tape, the teacher explains the text:
1. occupation
[u.] 居住; 占领 [c.]居住期,占有期; 职业; 业余活动,消遣
under the occupation of 由……占领
four-year occupation of the farm 对农场四年的占有期
What is your occupation 你的职业是什么
She has many occu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pations including gardening and wine-making. 他有许多消遣包括园艺和酿酒.
By occupation 职业上的
He is a teacher by occupation. 他的职业是老师。
occupy [V.] 占有,占领; 占据, 充满
occupy oneself in doing sth. 忙着(做某事); 忙(于某事物)
be occupied (in doing sth. / with sth.) 忙于…….
occupation/work/job (occupation 和 job 是可数名词; work 是不可数名词.)
out of a job=out of work=lose one’s occupation /job 失业的
on the job 正在工作
2. grow up 长大成人；兴起，崛起
What do you want to be when you grow up
He grew up on a farm.
New cities grow up into deserts.
Internet has grown up during the past 10 years.
grown-up adj. 长大的/ n. 成人 （pl.）grown-ups
grown-up attitude toward work; grown-up movies.
成年人对工作的态度；成人电影
She has a grown up daughter who lives abroad.
她有一个成年的女儿住在国外。
3. all walks of life 各行各业 /职业，行业，各个阶层
The members of the club include people from all walks of life.
俱乐部的成员包括各阶层的人士。
4. various [adj.] 各种各样的,种类繁多的
variety [n.] a variety of = various
vary[v.]呈现不同; 改变, 变动
Their hobbies are many and various. 他们的业余爱好五花八门．
He left for various reasons. 他由于种种原因离开．
Prices vary with the reason. 物价随着季节变化而变化．
5. take up
1). 开始从事（某职业）
She has taken up a job as a nurse. (start or begin sth as a job)
What did you take up basketball
2). 开始从事（某项活动）；对…产生兴趣
take up gardening, golf, acting, etc. 从事园艺，高尔夫球，表演等。
She took up painting after he retired last year.
她去年退休后开始画画。
3). 占用（时间或空间）
The job took up most of the weekend. 这个工作占用了大半个周末。
It doesn’t take up much room. 它不占太大的空间。
He has a very small ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )room and most of the space is taken up by a large bed.
be made up of 由．．．组成
=be composed of; consist of; comprise
The medical team was made up of three doctors and two nurses.
这个医疗队由三名医生和两名护士组成。
All bodies are made up of atoms. 一切物体由原子构成．
U.K. comprises four different parts. 英国由四个部分组成．
This book consists of twenty short stories. 这本书由20个小故事组成．
The paper is composed of four big parts. 这张试卷由四大部分组成．
be made of (强调物理变化)/ be made from（强调化学变化）
e.g. This desk is made up of stone.
Cake is made from flour ,eggs and sugar.
Make up 构成；创作；编造
The girls make up the majority of Class Ten.
He made up a wonderful story to explain his absence.
Make up for 弥补
We must work hard to make up for the lost time.
6. profession [n.] 职业, 专业
Profession: an occ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )upation, esp. one requiring advanced education and special training, e.g. the law, architecture, medicine, accountancy. 职业（尤指需接受高深教育及特殊训练的）专门职业（例如：律师，建筑师，医师，会计师的职业）
Occupation: busines ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, trade, etc. that which occupied one’s time, either permanently or as a hobby, etc. 事业，职业，行业，工作（永久的或作为嗜好而占据某人之时间的）
the profession （集合名词）职业界，同业
The legal profe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssion has/have always resisted the change. 法律界人士总是对变革加以抵制．
by profession 作为职业
He is a lawyer by profession. 他的职业是律师．
Professional [adj./n.] 职业的；具有专门资格的人
He wants to search for professional advice. 他想寻求专业的意见．
a golf professional 高尔夫球职业运动员
7. obtain [v.] 取得，获得
=get; acquire; gain
8. society [n.]
1) 社会 （无冠词）
Society has a right to expect us to obey the law.
社会有权利要求我们遵守法律。
2）社团（可用冠词）
Consumers’ Society 消费者协会
9. involve (vt.) 牵涉，包含，需要
involve sb in ( doing ) sth. 把某人陷入\卷入（做）某事
Don’t involve me in your trouble. 别把我卷入你们的纠纷。
The job involves the cooperation of both the young and old.
这个计划需要年轻人和老年人的合作。
All the children were involved in the school play.
所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的戏剧。
This lesson involves a lot of work. 这一课需要做的工作有很多。
This job involves little work. 这任务的工作量不大。
be involved in 包含在...; 与...有关; 被卷入; 专心地(做)
be involved in trouble卷入纠纷
be involved in disaster陷入不幸
He was involved in working out a plan. 他专心致志地制订计划。
Was he involved in reading the book all evening
他一整晚都在聚精会神看书吗？
10. explain (vt.) / explanation (n.) 解释
explain one's absence说明缺席的理由
Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.
请向我说明从哪里开始以及怎样做。
explain the word properly in English 用英语正确地解释这个词
notes in explanation注解
oral explanation口头说明
Martin shook his head, but gave no explanation. 马丁摇摇头，没有作任何解
12. impact [n.] have an impact on 对．．．产生（巨大的）影响
The invention of computer has an impact on human society.
电脑的发明对人类产生了重要的影响。
have an effect on 对．．．产生影响，效果
Lu Xun had/made a notable effect on literature.鲁迅对文学产生了显著的影响。
Ⅲ. Homework:
1. Copy and translate the two paragraphs.
2. Recite the two paragraphs.
Period Three
Warming-up:
Answer the questions and notice the sentences:
What’s your favorite occupation
What’s your ideal job
What kind of person do you want to be in the future
What occupation would you like to take up when you grow up
Leading-in:
Revision:
Translate some phrases and sentences from the first two paragraphs.
Reading:
Ⅰ. Scan Paragraph 3,4 and answer the questions.
1. In what ways is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a surgeon different from an ordinary doctor And in what ways are they similar
( operate on sick peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple, repair the organs,/ order medicine and watch the patients.)
2. What does t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he writer mean by saying “a secretary stands between her boss and the visitors” Do you agree that girls are favored over boys
(visitor talk to the secretary first, report to the boss, make an appointment with her boss)
Ⅱ. Listen to the tape, the teacher explains the text:
13.operate (v.) 操作，动手术 / operation (n.)操作，行动，手术
Can you operate the machine 你能操作这台机器吗？
to operate a machine 开机器
to operate a factory 开工厂
operating-table 手术台
The doctors operated on her stomach. 医生给她的胃动了手术。
an operation on her stomach 给她的胃动的手术
You can get a private doctor to operate her.
Perform operation 动手术
Two days later the operation was performed.
14. no longer (not any longer, not any more) 不再．．．
He no longer lives here.
He doesn’t live here any longer.
No longer/no more: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )no longer 表示时间概念，相当于not…any longer, 用来表示一种持续状态的终止。No more 表示数量与程度，相等于not…any more，用来表示不再重复以前发生过的动作。
e.g. He is no longer young. 指年轻状态的终止。
He still smoked, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) but he drank no more. 指不再有喝酒的行为。
No longer 常置于行为动词之前或be动词之后, no more 则置于行为动词之后。
15. without exception 毫无例外
be of no exception 无例外的
You must answer all the questions without exception.
你必须毫无例外地回答所有问题。
All men between 18 and 45 without exception are expected to serve
in the army during a war.
战争期间，希望所有18到45岁男子无一例外地去军队服役。
There is an exception to this grammatical rule.
这条语法规则有个例外。
Everyone here should clean the room, and he is of no exception.
这里的每个人都得打扫房屋，他也不例外．
16. be favoured (over)
Females are favoured over males in that kind of job.
my favorite book/job
I am in favor of stopping work now. 我赞成现在停止工作。
Structures:
1. They are a specia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l kind of doctors who operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly.
2. The skills of a sur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )geon sometimes mean the difference between life and death.
3. A secretary is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a person who writes letters, answers the telephone, and receives people.
4. A secretary stands between her boss and the visitors.
Ⅲ. Homework:
1. Copy and translate Para. 3,4.
2. Recite the two paragraphs.
Period Four
Warming-up:
Daily talk: Say one occupation in details
Leading-in:
Revision:
Translate some phrases and sentences from Para. 3,4
Reading:
Ⅰ. Scan Paragraph 5,6,7,8 and answer the questions.
1. Do you think tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t a businessperson always works in an office What are the other places where he/ she possibly works How does a businessperson make his / her money easily
( make contracts, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave discussion with other business partners, work very hard, work overtime)
2. There are many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cooks, but not many people become chefs. So what is the difference between a cook and a chef
( skilled cook, chief cook)
3. Can you name some fashion models Are they your idols why
Chinese model: 马艳丽, 瞿颖, 王海珍, 胡兵
Foreign model: Cin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dy Crawford(辛迪-克劳馥), Claudia Schiffer(克劳迪亚-席佛) , Christy Turlington(克里斯蒂-特灵顿)
Ⅱ. Listen to the tape, and the teacher explains the text:
17. partner (n.): person who takes par in an activities with another or others, esp one of several owners of a business. 伙伴, 合伙人
dancing partner 舞伴
a business partner 合伙生意人
18. sell (v.) 出售，卖 / sale (n.)
Is the book selling well 这书好卖吗？
The shop sold out all their silk skirts.这商店买完了所有的真丝衬衫。
The sale of his old house made him sad. 卖掉老房子使他很伤心。
1) sell sb. sth.把某物卖给某人=sell sth to sb
sell a match [game]受贿赂故意输掉, 出卖比赛
sell sth. at a bargain廉价出售某物= a bargain sale
sell one's country 卖国
I've been sold. 我被欺骗了。
The shop sold out all their silk shirts.
The car is selling well. 这汽车很好卖(注意: 不用被动)
2) for sale待售，出售
Not for Sale 非卖品
That house is for sale. 那座房子待售。
The Browns are leaving town, so their house is for sale.
on sale（廉价）出售，上市
19. work at / work on 从事于
Businessman works at buying, selling , and producing things.
He is working on a new novel.
Work for 任职于…
He works for a travel agency.
Works [复数]（文学、艺术的）作品，著作
Works of Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
The works was composed in 1773.
20. produce [v.]生产 [n.] production
That factory produces cars. 那家工厂生产小汽车
21. hire [vt.]:雇用；租借，出租
22. effort(n.)努力; 奋斗; 努力的杰作，精心的准备
make efforts to do sth. 努力做．．．．．．
I will make every effort to arrive on time. 我会尽一切努力准时到达.
His novel is a fine effort. 他的小说是一部精心的杰作。
23. wear/ put on
wear 强调状态，而put on 强调动作
She is wearing a red dress. 她穿着一条红色的长裙．
She is putting on a red dress. 她正在穿一条红色的长裙．
24. cooperate [v.] 合作
cooperate with sb
cooperation [n.] 合作
25. audience (集合名词)听众，观众
a large audience/ a small audience
26. style /model
model (汽车等的)型，样式，设计
style (艺术，建筑的) 样式，技巧和手法；（衣服等的）（流行）型或款式
the latest style in hairdo 最新发型
Structures:
1. A businessp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erson usually works in an office, where he/she plans business activities and prepares reports.
2. People oft ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en go to restaurants for dinner, where they meet relatives or friends.
3. Often the clothes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and hairstyles worn by fashion models seem strange to us.
Ⅲ. Homework:
1. Copy and translate Para. 5,6,7,8.
2. Recite the four paragraphs.
Period Five
Warming-up:
Daily talk: occupations in the future
Leading-in:
Revisions:
1. Retell the text
2. Check the following:
Phrases：
grow up 长大，成长
grown-up 长大的；成人
be made up of 由……组成
take up 从事（有兴趣）
all walks of life 各行各业
in the future 将来
in future 从今以后
try one’s best to do 尽……的努力去做
order books 订购书本
correct papers 批改试卷
give grades to 评分
at the end of 在……的结束
in the end 最后，终于
have an impact on 对……产生影响
all through one’s life 贯穿某人的一生
operate on 给……动手术
no longer 不再
difference between life and death 生死攸关
be similar to 与……相似
greet people 问候（人们）
file away papers 存档
without exception 毫无例外
be favoured over 得到……的偏爱
work at 致力于
get rich quick 暴富
by oneself 独自
hard-earned money 血汗钱
cooperate with 与……合作
style of clothe 衣服式样
fashion show 时装秀
a large audience 大量观众
Speaking activities:
Ⅰ.Topic: What occupation would you like to have in the future
1.Work in group first.
2.Ask a representative to present the topic.
3. Teacher and students give the comments.
Ⅱ. Topic: A typical working day
1. Preparation: In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )terview one of your family members. Try to get the information about his/her typical working day (Homework in PⅠ)
2. Share the information with your deskmate.
3. Read out the information to the class.
Ⅲ. Topic: What’s his job ( SB P11 )
Ⅳ. Topic: An inexperienced waiter ( WB P6 )
Homework:
1. Write the story of An inexperienced waiter ( WB P6 ).
2. Preview Writing ( SB P13 )
Period Six
Warming-up:
Daily talk: Imagine a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )typical working day of mine in the future and describe that.
Listening Practice:
Ⅰ.Topic: Here’s a job for you.
1. Listen to the conversations entirely.
2. Listen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to each conversation again, and fill in the table while listening.
3. Listen the third time and then check the answers.
Ⅱ. Topic: An interview with a fireman
1. Listen to the dialogue entirely.
2. Listen again, and fill in the table while listening.
3. Check the answers.
Ⅲ. Listening Practice in WB P4,5
Writing:
Writing Compound Sentences
1. Explain the link words as following:
And, but, while, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) so, for, however, or, otherwise, therefore, then, etc.
2. Notes to the Compound Sentences.
3. Practising writing: ( SB P14 )
Homework:
1. Make sentences with the link words.
2. Preview additional reading.
Period Seven
Warming-up:
Daily talk: What will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you choose to study if you go into the university
Leading-in:
1. Revision: the compound sentence
2. Say names of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) different majorities in colleges and universities.
Additional reading:
1. Listen to the tape and read the passage.
2. Explain the language points:
have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
insist （坚持要某人做某事）+ that(虚拟从句)
insist 表坚持认为，时不用虚拟
make up one’s mind to do 决定做某事
change one’s mind to do 改变注意做某事
on one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
disagree with sb. 与某人意见不一致
force sb. to do sth. 逼迫某人做某事
follow career 从事职业
make a decision 作出决定
3. Finish the Ex. ( SB P16 )
Homework:
1. Finish the exercises in workbook. ( P7,8,9 )
2. Copy and translate additional reading.
3. Preview the relative clause.
Period Eight
The Relative Clause
Explanations:
用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一．词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句
代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 Who which that
主语 Whom which that
宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例１：This is the detective who came from London.
例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
例３：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
例４：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
２．关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, mu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：
All the people that are present burst into tears.
(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：
There are about sev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.
(4) which还有一种特殊用法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：
He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
(6) which可作表语，既可指人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。
(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：
The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
(9) 如果先行词是anyone, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：
Is there anyone here who will go with you
３．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(1) “介词＋关系代词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
(2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：
We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
(3) 像listen to, l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ook at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
二．关系副词引导的定语从句
1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3. 先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..
2) He was the only person in this country who was invited
四．As在定语从句中的用法
1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
（１）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
（２）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：
The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
３）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。
2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：
(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.
(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.
Exercise:
Finish the exercises in SB and WB.
Homework:
Correct the following sentences:
1.These who have plenty of money will help their friend.
2.This is the longest train which I have ever seen.
3.Which we all know, swimming is a very good sport.
4.I shall never f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orget those years which I lived in the farm which you visited last week.
5.The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong.
6.He paid the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
7.The day will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come which the people all over the world will win liberation.
8.Mr. Henson is one of the foreign experts who is working in China.
9.They talked for abou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t an hour of things and persons who they remembered in the school.
10.My glasses, wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h which I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
11.He is a man of great experience, from who much can be learned.
12.A harvest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er is a machine with which we harvest crops or a person which is harvesting.
13.I have bought the same dress which she is wearing.
14.In the po ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lice station I saw the man from which room the thief had stolen the TV set.
15.Chapin, for who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) money was now no problem, start a new film company with his friends.
16.Please put the letter which he can easily find it.
17.The house in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) front of which there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago.
18.Antarctic, which ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
19.The reason why I was away from school is because I was ill yesterday.
20.It was a meeting that importance I didn’t realize at that time
21.She was the one I met at the party, whom you knew.
22.They have decide ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d to stay at home, that is, I think ,a wise choice.
23.All the apples which fell down were eaten by the pigs.
24.Did you see the man whom I nodded just now
25.I, who is your good friend, will try my best to help you.
26.---How do you like the book
---It’s quite different from the one what I read last month.
27.Is oxygen the only gas which helps fire burn
28. I’ll tell you all what he told me last week.
29.In the dark street, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) there wasn’t a single person from whom she could turn for help
30.Willma becam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, that made her mother very happy.
31.She heard a terrible noise , as brought her heart into her mouth.
32.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whom family was poor.
33.The weather tu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rned out to be very good, that was more than we could expect.
34.After livin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town which he grew up as a child.
35.I shall never forge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t those years which I lived in the country with the farmers.
37.Dorothy was always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) speaking highly of her role in the play, who ,of course , made the others unhappy.
38.Recently I bought a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n ancient Chinese vase , the price of whose was very reasonable.
39.Which has al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ready been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.
40.He lived in London ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for 3 months , during that time he learned some English.
41.Oh the wall hung a picture, which color is blue.
42.Whenever I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) met him , that was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.
43.The visito ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r asked the guide to take his picture there stands the famous tower.
44.The boss whose ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
45.I don’t like the way which you speak to her.
Keys:
1these-those 2which-that 3which-as 4which-when 5drop‘it’
6.them-which 7which-when 8is-are 9who-that 10with-without.
11who-whom 12which-who 13which-as 14which-whose15 who-whom
16. which-where 17dr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )op`the` 18which前加about 19.because-that 20that-whose
21whom-as 22 that-which23which-that 24nodded后加to 25is-am
26what-that 27which-that 28what-that 29from-to 30that-which
31as-which 32whom-whose 33that-which 34which-where 35which-when
37who-which 38whose-which 39which-as 40that-which
41 which-whose 42 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that-which 43there-where 44worded后加in 45which-in which