双鸭山市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)
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| 更新时间 | 2024-03-11 20:56:14 | ||
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双鸭山市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Winter Solstice Celebrations From Around the World
The winter solstice (冬至), the longest night of the year, falls on December 21 or 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and June 20 or 21 in the Southern. Since ancient times, people all over the world have celebrated this important astronomical occurrence in different ways. Here are some solstice traditions both new and old to help light your way to longer days.
Soyal
Soyal is the winter solstice celebration of the Hopi Indians of northern Arizona. Ceremonies and rituals include purification, dancing, and sometimes gift-giving. On the day, Hopi welcome the protective spirits from the mountains.
Saturnalia
The ancient Roman festival of Saturnalia is perhaps the most closely linked with the modern celebration of Christmas. This festival happened around the time of the winter solstice and celebrated the end of the planting season. There were games and feasts and gift-giving for several days.
Midwinter in Antarctica
Even Antarctica gets its share of solstice celebration, thanks to the researchers staying there over the long, dangerously cold season. While those of us in the Northern Hemisphere are enjoying the most daylight hours, in the Southern Hemisphere they are celebrating Midwinter. Festivities include special meals, films, and sometimes even handmade gifts.
Dong Zhi
Dong Zhi, the “arrival of winter”, is an important festival in China. It is a time for family to get together and celebrate the year they have had. The holiday generally falls between the 21st and 23rd of December. It is thought to have started as an end-of-harvest festival. Special foods, such as Tang Yuan and Jiaozi, are enjoyed. Friends and family members occasionally express their blessings and care to each other through gifts.
1．Which of the following festivals has something with Christmas
A. Soyal. B. Midwinter in Antarctica.
C. Saturnalia. D. Dong Zhi.
2．What do the festivals have in common
A. They fall on the same day.
B. Their celebrations all include gift-giving.
C. They mark the end of the year’s harvest.
D. They welcome protective spirits.
3．In which part of the newspaper can we read the text
A. Culture. B. Sports. C. News. D. Weather.
Recently, video clips of Zhang Jianna, a city cleaner from Chaoyang Sanitation (环境卫生), have gone viral online.
The 49-year-old Zhang is from a village in Hebei province. With only a high school diploma, she had previously worked as a restaurant server and a store seller. In 2012, she took on the role of a sanitation worker in the embassy area of Sanlitun in Beijing’s Chaoyang District. One morning, a foreigner came to her and spoke a long string of unfamiliar words to her. Zhang didn’t know how to react. The special experience deeply moved Zhang and she was determined (下定决心) to learn English.
“I just want to help whenever someone is in need,” said Zhang. Without a teacher, she began learning English from her children’s textbooks, starting with basic words and phrases. With no fixed study hours, she used every free moment. While others rested, she memorized vocabulary and practiced speaking. Upon arriving home after work, she would note down new knowledge points and review them until thoroughly understood.
“Learning English at 40, I would easily forget the words I learned the previous day,” Zhang said. However, she persisted (坚持), reviewing words at night and then repeating them one more time the next day morning. She also downloaded over a dozen English learning apps on her computer and phone. “Learn step by step, learn every day.” Zhang said. To date, she has collected a vocabulary of around 3,000 English words, enabling her to talk fluently with foreigners. “Growing up without a college education, I sometimes feared being looked down upon. But every time I help a stranger in English, I feel incredibly achievable.”
“To serve others makes me happy and it’s where I prove my self-worth,” said Zhang. “After retirement, I also want to introduce my hometown in English and develop local tourism.”
4．What do we know about Zhang Jianna from paragraph 2
A. She graduated from a university.
B. She understood the foreigner’s words.
C. She works as a sanitation worker.
D. She wants to be an English teacher.
5．For what reason can Zhang learn English well
A. A college education. B. A confident English teacher.
C. A high school diploma. D. A decade-long persistence.
6．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the text
A. Persistence is key to learning English.
B. Her inspiring journey leads to a new goal.
C. Growing up in a village is looked down upon.
D. Devote any possible moment to learning.
7．Which of the following word can best describe Zhang
A. Determined. B. Generous. C. Curious. D. Adventurous.
In a world featuring endless choices, the search for simplicity has become more than just a desire—it’s a necessity. The book Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No explores the philosophy of simplicity and decision-making. Written by Bruce Mullen, this book goes beyond self-help clichés (陈词滥调) and offers a genuine, actionable approach to guiding life’s choices.
The book recognizes decision-making as the centre of human existence and invites readers to admit each decision carries a weight. “Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” sums up a sign if can’t rule—a definite “Yes” and a clear “No.” It encourages readers to focus on the “Yes” and stop readers from puting their effort into uncertain things. Another rule stressed in the book is simplicity in decision-making. By adopting simplicity, decision-makers aim to get the key information, focus on the most related factors, and avoid unnecessary aspects, enabling quicker judgments and swifter conclusions.
The book is a practical guide to enhance decision-making skills. The author doesn’t merely express the philosophy but equips readers with the tools they need to apply effectively. From techniques to give preference to tasks to methods for avoiding distractions (分心), the book offers skills for simplifying the decision-making process.
Through personal experiences, Mullen determined the power of simplification, guiding people to make decisions according to one’s own values and desires. Beyond individual context, this book also influences business strategies, relationship dynamics, and societal considerations. Mullen not only explores the essence of “yes means yes” but stresses the significance of making clear decisions at a crossroads.
“Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” is more than a book; it’s a philosophy that can change how we approach decisions. For those seeking to guide life with clarity and purpose, this book is a guiding light in the fog of in decision.
8．What are the readers encouraged to do according to paragraph 2
A. Concentrate on related things. B. Summarize a key principle.
C. Solve uncertain matters. D. Make decisions independently.
9．Why is the book a practical guide to readers
A. To provide readers with life values.
B. To equip readers with decision-making skills.
C. To improve readers’ critical thinking skills.
D. To help readers express philosophy.
10．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about
A. Definition of simplicity. B. Rules of making decisions.
C. Influences of decision-making. D. Benefits of stressing clarity.
11．What is the article aimed at
A. Recommending a book. B. Sharing a positive attitude.
C. Describing a simple lifestyle D. Solving philosophical problems.
Studies have shown how we understand our strength contributes to the extent to which our muscles might waste with disuse. When researchers at Ohio University examined the strength among a group of adults, who agreed to have their wrists immobilized for a week to cause weakness, they found that only imagining having strong muscles reduced the loss in strength by 50 percent.
Crum, a pioneer in this area, found in his study that having a different attitude can maximize (最大化) the benefits of all the occasional exercise we do each day, such as housework or walking around the shops. It appears that tracking our steps through smart watches and other wearable technologies can make a difference to how we understand our fitness. The study showed people who had previously regarded themselves as inactive, were found that they were actually completing about 7000 steps a day and began to report improved mood, better confidence and even an increase in aerobic fitness measurements, even though they weren’t exercising more than usual.
An even more unexpected fitness trick might come from our gut. It seems that having the right populations of gut bacteria (肠道菌群) makes you more likely to exercise. Last December, Christopher Thais sat the University of Pennsylvania and his colleagues found that differences in gut bacterial populations appeared to play a much greater role than genetics (遗传学) when it came to running performance in mice. They identified two particular bacteria as being especially important. When the mice were given these in supplements, it seemed to increase their desire to exercise.
It remains to be seen whether this works effectively in humans. We still have much to learn about whether changing microbial populations can make us fitter, says Shrushti Shah at the University of Calgary in Canada. This could be significant, as many of us struggle to find the motivation to exercise.
12．What does the underlined word “immobilized” in paragraph 1mean
A. Balanced. B. Fixed. C. Straightened. D. Bent.
13．What is presented in Crum’s finding
A. Tracking steps is necessary in daily routine.
B. Inactive people have trouble in completing exercise.
C. Walking around the shops amounts to 7000 steps.
D. Attitude matters to all the occasional exercise.
14．What is the function of the example in paragraph 3
A. To further explain the research method.
B. To show potential application of the research finding.
C. To support evidence for the research result.
D. To present a reasonable doubt about the research process.
15．What is the author’s attitude toward the application of the two particular bacteria in humans
A. Cautious. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Supportive.
二、七选五
16．Nowadays, poor sleep and anxiety are common among young people, causing too much pain and even severe physical and mental problems. ① .
Wind down
Reading a book can help slow breathing and relax muscles, while yoga stretches or even a gentle walk can reduce anxiety. ② . Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that bathing in water of 40-42.5℃ one to two hours before bedtime was related to better sleep.
Protect the bedroom
Keep the bedroom as a place for sleep. Blackout blinds or an eye mask (眼罩) can help block out light, ③ .
Go to bed at regular times
Going to sleep and waking up at regular times — even on weekends — will strengthen your body clock. Regular mealtimes are also an important reminder for your circadian rhythm. Avoid exercise too close to bedtime, as it can cause restlessness and an elevated body temperature.
④________
If your mind is buzzing from the day, try keeping a journal or worry book. The experts also recommend writing to-do lists for the next day in order to organize thoughts and clear the mind.
Get ahead on the next day
⑤ . Choose your clothes for the next day when you reach for your pyjamas or pack your bag while brushing your teeth.
Some habits will help you more than others, but when all of them are combined, the real magic happens.
A. Have a sleep schedule
B. Write down your worries
C. because you are happy and warm
D. A warm bath or shower can also help you relax
E. while keeping electronic devices (设备) out of the bedroom is highly recommended
F. Your night-time routine is an opportunity to make mornings run a little smoother
G. Here are five ways to get a better bedtime routine to help take a turn for the better
三、完形填空（15空）
This is an unbelievably moving and beautiful film. It shows a father’s 1 at its very best. It is a tear-jerker and I must admit that I am moved to tears.
It is a story 2 in 1939 at the start of World War II. Guido, a cheerful Italian-Jewish waiter, gets 3 to Dora, who is not Jewish. They are in love and have a 4 named Giosuè. As they are preparing for Giosuè’s fifth birthday, Guido and Giosuè are arrested (逮捕) and 5 to a concentration camp. Dora begs to 6 with them even though she is not Jewish. She is sent to the 7 part on the other side of the camp.
To hide the awful 8 from his son, Guido pretends (假装) they are at a holiday camp and are playing a game. In the 9 , they have to win points. He 10 his son that the goal is to get 1,000 points — and the prize is a real tank in which they can leave. Here he is talking about the tanks 11 the allies (同盟者) that he hopes will eventually come to save them from the concentration camp when they win the war. He pretends Giosuè can get points for things such as not crying, not saying he is hungry, not asking for his mother, and so on. 12 , Guido hides Giosuè, all the while pretending it is a game and they are playing hide-and-seek.
I won’t tell you how the film ends. You will have to watch it for yourself. Many reviewers have 13 this film, and said that it is a must-see. I completely 14 , as it is one of the most beautiful films I have ever seen — one that I will 15 forget.
17．A. Love B. Hate C. honesty D. bravery
18．A. put B. broke C. judged D. set
19．A. worried B. Married C. Reduced D. limited
20．A. daughter B. mother C. son D. father
21．A. established B. taken C. decorated D. survived
22．A. go B. Protest C. run D. escape
23．A. Guido’s B. Giosuè’s C. men’s D. women’s
24．A. privacy B. fault C. truth D. gender
25．A. camp B. game C. point D. holiday
26．A. tells B. says C. talks D. speaks
27．A. picking out B. belonging to C. paying off D. focusing on
28．A. Regularly B. Secondly C. Eventually D. Surely
29．A. admitted B. designed C. recommended D. maintained
30．A. agree B. disagree C. shock D. apply
31．A. forever B. never C. ever D. Appropriately
四、短文填空
32．阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式,并填在答题卡的相应位置。
Elephants are one of the most intelligent creatures on the earth.Across Africa they have inspired respect from people ①_______ share the landscape with them,giving them strong ②_______ (culture) significance. They're very important species,playing ③_______ important role in maintaining the biodiversity of ecosystems.
During the dry season, elephants use their tusks(长牙) ④_______ (dig) for water. This not only allows the elephants to survive in dry environments, but also ⑤_______ (provide) water for other animals that share the harsh habitats.
When forest elephants eat, they create gaps in the vegetation. These gaps allow new plants to grow and create pathways for smaller animals to use. They're also one of the major ⑥_______ (way) in which trees spread their seeds; some species rely ⑦_______ (entire) upon elephants for seed spreading. Wherever they live,elephants leave dung(粪便) that is filled ⑧_______ seeds from the plants they eat. When the dung gets into the soil, the seeds are sown and grow into new grasses, bushes and trees, ⑨_______ (improve)the health of the savannah (稀树草原)ecosystem.
Sadly, we're losing elephants worldwide, especially in Africa, due to illegal hunting. Action should ⑩_______ (take) to protect this species.
五、首字母填空
33．There is a Chinese s_____ going like this: Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.
34．The two became good friends though there was a big age g_____ between them.
35．Human life is part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in h ________ with nature. （根据首字母单词拼写）
36．Teachers will never be r________ by computers in the classroom.
37．Formal language is different from i________ language in several ways.
38．There was only a n________ gap between the bed and the wall. It’s not wide.
六、单词拼写
39．In his new book, the writer describes his latest _____(奇遇) in Africa in detail.
40．I said hello to him but he just _____(忽视) me completely as if I were invisible.
41．There are 108 main _____(人物) in the novel Water Margin(《水浒传》), one of the four great classics of Chinese literature.
42．The Lemon Melon has a good ________ (平衡) of sweet and sour taste.
七、语法填空
43．After graduation, Hawking first went to Oxford University _________ he studied physics, and then he furthered his study in Cambridge University.
44．It was finally completed in 1928, by _________ time it was considered out of date and revisions began at once.
45．I was moved to tears when I got a photo album from my parents, _________ reminded me of my happy childhood.
46．Tibet is such a place _________ all the people across the world are dreaming of visiting.
47．The people _________ faces lit up with a huge smile gave me the deepest impression.
48．__________ (attract) by the beauty of the West Lake, many visitors say that the scenery there is really beautiful.
49．As is often the case, _______ rich are not always happy.
50．He is expert ________computer software.
51．In such dry weather, the flowers will be watered if they are____________(survive).
52．As a result of the ________ (destroy) of wildlife habitat (栖息地), many animals have no place to live.
53．Our government has taken ________ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving.
54．I need to work in pleasant ________ (surrounding).
55．So the main thing is just to show up and be _________ (adventure), trying different foods and talking to strangers.
56．The old town________ (date) back to the late seventeenth century.
57．Up to now, medical technology _________ (advance) greatly throughout the world.
八、书面表达
58．假设你是红星中学的李华，从网上得知为促进国际文化交流和相互合作，“一带一路国际合作高峰论坛” 将于今年9月在北京举行。组委会现面向全社会招募志愿者。你很感兴趣。
请你按照相关要求用英语给组委会写一封申请信，介绍个人优势，应征此次志愿者工作。
(1)性格特点(如：热情开朗、有礼貌等)；
(2)相关能力(如：熟悉中国传统文化，口语流利等)；
(3)简单阐述对“一带一路”重要意义的理解；
注意：(1)词数不少于100。
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛 The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
Dear Sir,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Saturnalla下面的"The ancient Roman festival of Saturnalia is perhaps the most closely linked with the modern celebration of Christmas.(古罗马的农神节可能是与现代圣诞节庆祝 活动联系最紧密的节日)"可知，农神节与圣诞节有 关。故选C。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Soyal下面的"Ceremonies and rituals include purification, dancing, and sometimes gift-giving.(仪式包括净化、 跳舞，有时还有赠送礼物)"、Saturnalia下面的"There were games and feasts and gift-giving for several days.(一连几天都有游戏、盛宴和礼物赠送)"、Midwinter in Antarctica下面的"Festivities include special meals, films, and sometimes even handmade gifts.(节日包括特别的饭菜、电影，有时 甚至还有手工制作的礼物)"、Dong Zhi下面的"Friends and family members occasionally express their blessings and care to each other through gifts.(朋 友和家人偶尔会通过礼物表达对彼此的祝福和关心) "可知，这四个节日庆祝活动都有赠送礼物。故选B。
3．答案：A
解析：文章出处题。根据文章标题"Winter Solstice Celebrations From Around the World(来自 世界各地的冬至庆祝活动)"井结合全文内容可知， 本文主要介绍了四个冬至庆祝活动，与文化有关。 由此推知，文章最有可能出自报纸的文化版块。故选A。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"In 2012, she took on the role of a sanitation worker in the embassy area of Sanlitun in Beijing's Chaoyang District.(2012年，她在北京朝阳区三里屯使馆区担任 环卫工人。)"可知，她是一名环卫工人。故选C。
5．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的"The 49-year-old Zhang is from a village in Hebei province.(49 岁的张来自河北省的一个村庄。)"和第四段中 的" 'Leaning English at 40, I would easily forget the words I learned the previous day,' Zhang said. However, she persisted(坚持), reviewing words at night and then repeating them one more time the next day morning.(张说: '40岁学英语，我很容易忘记前一天学的单词。'然而，她坚持了下来，晚上复习单词，第二天早上再重复一遍。) "可推测出，长达十年的坚持学习让她学好了英语。故选D。
6．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据画线句前面的"To serve others makes me happy and it's where I prove my self-worth(为他人服务让我快乐，这也是我证明自我价 值的地方)"可知，她在用英语帮助陌生人时证明了 自己的价值，再结合画线句"After retirement, I also want to introduce my hometown in English and develop local tourism.(退休后，我也想用英语介绍我的家 乡，发展当地的旅游业。) "可知，她想要在退休后 用英语介绍家乡，帮助发展家乡的旅游业。她实现 了自我价值，想要从一个平凡的环卫工人转变为一个帮助家乡旅游业发展的人，由此可推测，她鼓舞 人心的经历引导她树立了新的目标。故选B。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的"The special experience deeply moved Zhang and she was determined(下定决心) to learn English.(这段特殊的经 历深深触动了张，她下定决心要学习英语。)"和第 四段中的"However, she persisted(坚持),reviewing words at night and then repeating them one more time the next day morning.(然而，她坚持了下来，晚上复 习单词，第二天早上再重复一遍。)"可知，她下定 决心学习英语，并且刻苦学习，日复一日地坚持了 下来，由此可推测出，她是一个很有决心的人。故 选A。
8．答案：A
9．答案：B
10．答案：D
11．答案：A
12．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。上文"Studies have shown how we understand our strength contributes to the extent to which our muscles might waste with disuse. (研究表明，我们如何理解我们的力量有助于我们的 肌肉可能因不使用而逐渐变虚弱的程度。) "和下 文"they found that only imagining having strong muscles reduced the loss in strength by 50 percent(他们 发现，仅仅想象自己拥有强壮的肌肉，就能减少 50%的力量损失) "可知，肌肉长时间不使用会变得虚 弱;由此可知，实验时，这些成年人的手腕被固定 不使用，因此推断画线词与B项“固定”意思一致，故 选B。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"Crum, a pioneer in this area, found in his study that having a different attitude can maximize(最大化) the benefits of all the occasional exercise we do each day, such as housework or walking around the shops.( Crum是这一 领域的先驱，他在研究中发现，拥有不同的态度可以最大限度地发挥我们每天偶尔做的运动的好处， 比如做家务或在商店里散步。)"可知，Crum的研究 表明态度对所有偶然的锻炼都很重要。故选D。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"An even more unexpected fitness trick might come from our gut. It seems that having the right populations of gut bacteria(肠道菌群) makes you more likely to exercise. (一个更意想不到的健身技巧可能来自我们的肠道， 似乎拥有适当数量的肠道细菌会让你更有可能锻 炼。)"可知，本段讲述适当的肠道菌群让我们更有 可能锻炼，接下来给出了一个例子"Last December, Christopher Thais sat the University of Pennsylvania and his colleagues found that differences in gut bacterial populations appeared to play a much greater role than genetics(遗传学) when it came to running performance in mice. They identified two particular bacteria as being especially important. When the mice were given these in supplements, it seemed to increase their desire to exercise.(去年12月，宾夕法尼亚大学(University of Pennsylvania)的克里斯托弗泰斯(Christopher Thais) 和他的同事发现，在小鼠的跑步表现方面，肠道细 菌数量的差异似乎比遗传因素起着更大的作用。他 们确定了两种特别重要的细菌。当老鼠服用这些补 充剂时，似乎增加了它们运动的欲望。)"来进一步 解释说明这种研究结果，因此推断这个例子的功能 是为这个研究结果提供证据的。故选C。
15．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"It remains to be seen whether this works effectively in humans. We still have much to learn about whether changing microbial populations can make us fitter, says Shrushti Shah at the University of Calgary in Canada.(这是否对 人类有效还有待观察。加拿大卡尔加里大学的 Shrushti Shah说，关于微生物种群的变化是否能使我 们更健康，我们还有很多要了解)"可知，作者认为 这种结果仍需要进一步观察，且指出Shrushti Shah说 微生物种群的变化是否能使我们更健康我们还有很 多要了解;因此推断对于这两种微生物种群的应用 作者是谨慎的。故选A。
16．答案：GDEBF
解析：①语境衔接题。根据前文Nowadays, poor sleep and anxiety are common among young people , causing too much pain and even severe physic al and mental problems、(如今，睡眠不足和焦虑 在年轻人中很常见，导致过多的疼痛，甚至严重的 身心问题。)可知，指出了睡眠不足和焦虑导致的 问题，再结合下文内容可知，空处应承上启下，讲 述有办法改善睡眠问题，G项Here are five ways to get a better bedtime routine to help take a turn for the better(这里有五种方法可以让你拥有更好的就 寝时间，从而帮助你变得更好。)符合语境。故选G。
②联系下文题。根据后文Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that bathing in water of 40-42.5℃ one to two hours before bedtime was related to better sleep，(得克萨斯大学奥斯汀 分校的研究人员发现，睡前一到两小时在40-42.5 摄氏度的水中洗澡与更好的睡眠有关。)可知，空 处应建议泡个热水澡来放松，D项A warm bath or shower can also help you relax(洗个热水澡或淋浴 也可以帮助你放松。)符合语境。故选D。
③联系上文题。根据前句Keep the bedroom as a place for sleep，(把卧室留作睡觉的地方)可知 把卧室作为睡觉的地方。再结合空前的Blackout blinds or an eye mask(眼罩)can help block out light,(遮光百叶窗或眼罩可以帮助遮挡光线。 )可知，可以用遮光百叶窗或眼罩来遮住光线，这 样有利于睡眠，所以空处应讲述其他有利于睡眠的 做法，E项while keeping electronic devices(设备 ) out of the bedroom is highly recommended (同时强烈建议将电子设备放在卧室之外。)符合语境 。故选E。
④标题归纳题。根据下文If your mind is buzzing from the day, try keeping a journal or worry book. The experts also recommend writing to-do lists for the next day in order to organize thoughts and clear the mind，(如果你一整天都在思考，试着记 日记或写一本担忧书。专家们还建议写下第二天的 待办事项清单，以便整理思绪，理清思路。)可知 ，本段与写有关，B项Write down your worries ( 写下你的担心。)符合语境。故选B。
⑤语境衔接题。根据本段小标题Get ahead on the next day(在第二天提前)和后文Choose your clothes for the next day when you reach for your pyjamas or pack your bag while brushing your teeth .(当你伸手去拿睡衣时选择第二天的衣服，或在刷牙时收拾包。)可知，在前一天晚上准备一些第二天的事，F项Your night-time routine is an opportunity to make mornings run a little smoother (你的夜 间作息是一个让早晨运转更顺利的机会。)符合语境。故选F。
17．答案：A
18．答案：D
19．答案：B
20．答案：C
21．答案：B
22．答案：A
23．答案：D
24．答案：C
25．答案：B
26．答案：A
27．答案：B
28．答案：C
29．答案：C
30．答案：A
31．答案：B
32．答案：that/who；cultural；an；to dig； provides；ways； entirely；with；improving； be taken
解析：①考查定语从句引导词。此句为限定性定语从句,先行词为people,从句中缺少主语,故填that/who。
②考查形容词。形容词修饰名词 significance,故填cultural。
③考查冠词。important 以元音音素开头,故填an。
④考查非谓语动词。这里指用鼻子来挖水,不定式表目的。
⑤考查动词的时态和语态。主语是 This,故填 provides。
⑥考查名词。根据 one of ...可知,填可数名词复数形式,故填 ways。
⑦考查副词。副词修饰动词,故填 entire 的副词形式。
⑧考查介词。短语 be filled with 为固定搭配,意为“充满……”。
⑨考查非谓语动词。此处为现在分词。
⑩考查动词的时态。take action 为固定搭配,此处 Action 作主语,需用被动语态,又因为情态动词后需用动词的原形,故填be taken。
33．答案：saying
解析：
34．答案：gap
解析：
35．答案：harmony/armony
解析：考查名词。句意:人类的生命是自然的一部分,因此,我们生存的唯一途径是与自然和谐相处。in harmony with与……和谐相处。根据首字母提示及句意,故填harmony。
36．答案：replaced/eplaced
解析：考查首字母填空，根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，teachers与replace之间是动宾关系，用一般将来时的被动语态。
37．答案：informal/nformal
解析：根据句意可知，此处要表达“非正式”这一含义，因此此处要填“formal”的反义词“informal”，故答案为“informal”。
38．答案：narrow/arrow
解析：根据句意"床和墙之间只有一条狭窄的缝隙。它不宽。"结合首字母，考虑narrow"狭窄的"，形容词narrow作定语修饰名词gap。故填:narrow。
39．答案：adventure(s)
解析：
40．答案：ignored
解析：
41．答案：characters
解析：
42．答案：balance
解析：考查名词。句意:柠檬甜瓜的酸甜口感平衡得很好。good是形容词，修饰名词，“平衡”的名词是balance，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填balance.
43．答案：where
解析：先行词Oxford University在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where.故填:where。
44．答案：which
解析：根据句意和句子结构可知，此句是主从复合句中的非限制性定语从句，先行词是1928，在从句中作介词by的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。
45．答案：which
解析：先行词是a photo album,引导非限制性定语从句只能用 which,不能填 that。
46．答案：as
解析：定语从句的先行词为a place，其前有such修饰，引导词应用关系代词as。
47．答案：whose
解析：先行词people在定语从句中作faces的定语，用关系代词whose.故填:whose。
48．答案：Attracted
解析：考查非调语动词。句意:被西湖的美景所吸引，很多游客都说那儿的风景真的很美。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语visitors和attract (吸引)之间是动真关系，故用过去分词，故填Attracted。
49．答案：the
解析：根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用"the+形容词"表示一类人，the rich意为"富人"。故填:the。
50．答案：in/at
解析：根据句意可知。此处意为"精通……;擅长……;熟练……"，应用be expert in/at。故填:in/at。
51．答案：to survive
解析：分析可知，此处应用be to do表示预期、期望，故填: to survive。
52．答案：destruction
解析：考查名词。句意:由于野生动物栖息地被破坏，许多动物没有地方居住。冠词修饰名词，作介词of的宾语，destruction“破坏”是不可数名词。故填destruction。
53．答案：effective
解析：根据题干要求，本题需要表达“我们的政府已采取了有效措施禁止酒后驾车”这一语义。measures是名词，前面用形容词修饰，effect的形容词是effective，有效的。因此本题答案是“effective”。
54．答案：surroundings
解析：所给词surrounding指"周围的环境;环境"通常用复数形式surroundings，故填surroundings。
55．答案：adventurous
解析：根据句意和句子结构可知，此处需要填写形容词，表示“冒险的”，故填写adventure的形容词形式adventurous。
56．答案：dates
解析：根据句意可知，这是一个客观事实，因此句子时态为一般现在时。主语为“The old town”,为单数，因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。因此正确答案为“dates”。
57．答案：has advanced
解析：根据句意:到目前为止，医疗技术在全世界大大发展了。up to now:到目前为止，常用于现在完成时态，结构:have/has+done。主语medical technology:医疗技术，是第三人称单数，助动词用has，后接advance (发展)的过去分词advanced。故答案为:has advanced。
58．答案：
Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student. I’m writing to apply for a valuable opportunity to be a volunteer for The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing in September.
First of all, I think it’s a great honor for me to introduce myself briefly. I am an outgoing student with great passion. As a result, I will spare no effort to serve our distinguished guests from home and abroad politely. What’s more, I have a rich knowledge about Chinese history and especially traditional culture, which enables me to spread our splendid culture to the whole world. In addition, I have a good command of English, thus making it easy for me to communicate well with the foreigners.
I am fully aware of the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative. Recognized by an increasing number of nations, it has greatly promoted cultural exchange, strengthened mutual cooperation and led to building a community with a shared future. If given the chance, I’ll be very delighted to work for this forum and surely be devoted to the job. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Winter Solstice Celebrations From Around the World
The winter solstice (冬至), the longest night of the year, falls on December 21 or 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and June 20 or 21 in the Southern. Since ancient times, people all over the world have celebrated this important astronomical occurrence in different ways. Here are some solstice traditions both new and old to help light your way to longer days.
Soyal
Soyal is the winter solstice celebration of the Hopi Indians of northern Arizona. Ceremonies and rituals include purification, dancing, and sometimes gift-giving. On the day, Hopi welcome the protective spirits from the mountains.
Saturnalia
The ancient Roman festival of Saturnalia is perhaps the most closely linked with the modern celebration of Christmas. This festival happened around the time of the winter solstice and celebrated the end of the planting season. There were games and feasts and gift-giving for several days.
Midwinter in Antarctica
Even Antarctica gets its share of solstice celebration, thanks to the researchers staying there over the long, dangerously cold season. While those of us in the Northern Hemisphere are enjoying the most daylight hours, in the Southern Hemisphere they are celebrating Midwinter. Festivities include special meals, films, and sometimes even handmade gifts.
Dong Zhi
Dong Zhi, the “arrival of winter”, is an important festival in China. It is a time for family to get together and celebrate the year they have had. The holiday generally falls between the 21st and 23rd of December. It is thought to have started as an end-of-harvest festival. Special foods, such as Tang Yuan and Jiaozi, are enjoyed. Friends and family members occasionally express their blessings and care to each other through gifts.
1．Which of the following festivals has something with Christmas
A. Soyal. B. Midwinter in Antarctica.
C. Saturnalia. D. Dong Zhi.
2．What do the festivals have in common
A. They fall on the same day.
B. Their celebrations all include gift-giving.
C. They mark the end of the year’s harvest.
D. They welcome protective spirits.
3．In which part of the newspaper can we read the text
A. Culture. B. Sports. C. News. D. Weather.
Recently, video clips of Zhang Jianna, a city cleaner from Chaoyang Sanitation (环境卫生), have gone viral online.
The 49-year-old Zhang is from a village in Hebei province. With only a high school diploma, she had previously worked as a restaurant server and a store seller. In 2012, she took on the role of a sanitation worker in the embassy area of Sanlitun in Beijing’s Chaoyang District. One morning, a foreigner came to her and spoke a long string of unfamiliar words to her. Zhang didn’t know how to react. The special experience deeply moved Zhang and she was determined (下定决心) to learn English.
“I just want to help whenever someone is in need,” said Zhang. Without a teacher, she began learning English from her children’s textbooks, starting with basic words and phrases. With no fixed study hours, she used every free moment. While others rested, she memorized vocabulary and practiced speaking. Upon arriving home after work, she would note down new knowledge points and review them until thoroughly understood.
“Learning English at 40, I would easily forget the words I learned the previous day,” Zhang said. However, she persisted (坚持), reviewing words at night and then repeating them one more time the next day morning. She also downloaded over a dozen English learning apps on her computer and phone. “Learn step by step, learn every day.” Zhang said. To date, she has collected a vocabulary of around 3,000 English words, enabling her to talk fluently with foreigners. “Growing up without a college education, I sometimes feared being looked down upon. But every time I help a stranger in English, I feel incredibly achievable.”
“To serve others makes me happy and it’s where I prove my self-worth,” said Zhang. “After retirement, I also want to introduce my hometown in English and develop local tourism.”
4．What do we know about Zhang Jianna from paragraph 2
A. She graduated from a university.
B. She understood the foreigner’s words.
C. She works as a sanitation worker.
D. She wants to be an English teacher.
5．For what reason can Zhang learn English well
A. A college education. B. A confident English teacher.
C. A high school diploma. D. A decade-long persistence.
6．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the text
A. Persistence is key to learning English.
B. Her inspiring journey leads to a new goal.
C. Growing up in a village is looked down upon.
D. Devote any possible moment to learning.
7．Which of the following word can best describe Zhang
A. Determined. B. Generous. C. Curious. D. Adventurous.
In a world featuring endless choices, the search for simplicity has become more than just a desire—it’s a necessity. The book Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No explores the philosophy of simplicity and decision-making. Written by Bruce Mullen, this book goes beyond self-help clichés (陈词滥调) and offers a genuine, actionable approach to guiding life’s choices.
The book recognizes decision-making as the centre of human existence and invites readers to admit each decision carries a weight. “Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” sums up a sign if can’t rule—a definite “Yes” and a clear “No.” It encourages readers to focus on the “Yes” and stop readers from puting their effort into uncertain things. Another rule stressed in the book is simplicity in decision-making. By adopting simplicity, decision-makers aim to get the key information, focus on the most related factors, and avoid unnecessary aspects, enabling quicker judgments and swifter conclusions.
The book is a practical guide to enhance decision-making skills. The author doesn’t merely express the philosophy but equips readers with the tools they need to apply effectively. From techniques to give preference to tasks to methods for avoiding distractions (分心), the book offers skills for simplifying the decision-making process.
Through personal experiences, Mullen determined the power of simplification, guiding people to make decisions according to one’s own values and desires. Beyond individual context, this book also influences business strategies, relationship dynamics, and societal considerations. Mullen not only explores the essence of “yes means yes” but stresses the significance of making clear decisions at a crossroads.
“Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” is more than a book; it’s a philosophy that can change how we approach decisions. For those seeking to guide life with clarity and purpose, this book is a guiding light in the fog of in decision.
8．What are the readers encouraged to do according to paragraph 2
A. Concentrate on related things. B. Summarize a key principle.
C. Solve uncertain matters. D. Make decisions independently.
9．Why is the book a practical guide to readers
A. To provide readers with life values.
B. To equip readers with decision-making skills.
C. To improve readers’ critical thinking skills.
D. To help readers express philosophy.
10．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about
A. Definition of simplicity. B. Rules of making decisions.
C. Influences of decision-making. D. Benefits of stressing clarity.
11．What is the article aimed at
A. Recommending a book. B. Sharing a positive attitude.
C. Describing a simple lifestyle D. Solving philosophical problems.
Studies have shown how we understand our strength contributes to the extent to which our muscles might waste with disuse. When researchers at Ohio University examined the strength among a group of adults, who agreed to have their wrists immobilized for a week to cause weakness, they found that only imagining having strong muscles reduced the loss in strength by 50 percent.
Crum, a pioneer in this area, found in his study that having a different attitude can maximize (最大化) the benefits of all the occasional exercise we do each day, such as housework or walking around the shops. It appears that tracking our steps through smart watches and other wearable technologies can make a difference to how we understand our fitness. The study showed people who had previously regarded themselves as inactive, were found that they were actually completing about 7000 steps a day and began to report improved mood, better confidence and even an increase in aerobic fitness measurements, even though they weren’t exercising more than usual.
An even more unexpected fitness trick might come from our gut. It seems that having the right populations of gut bacteria (肠道菌群) makes you more likely to exercise. Last December, Christopher Thais sat the University of Pennsylvania and his colleagues found that differences in gut bacterial populations appeared to play a much greater role than genetics (遗传学) when it came to running performance in mice. They identified two particular bacteria as being especially important. When the mice were given these in supplements, it seemed to increase their desire to exercise.
It remains to be seen whether this works effectively in humans. We still have much to learn about whether changing microbial populations can make us fitter, says Shrushti Shah at the University of Calgary in Canada. This could be significant, as many of us struggle to find the motivation to exercise.
12．What does the underlined word “immobilized” in paragraph 1mean
A. Balanced. B. Fixed. C. Straightened. D. Bent.
13．What is presented in Crum’s finding
A. Tracking steps is necessary in daily routine.
B. Inactive people have trouble in completing exercise.
C. Walking around the shops amounts to 7000 steps.
D. Attitude matters to all the occasional exercise.
14．What is the function of the example in paragraph 3
A. To further explain the research method.
B. To show potential application of the research finding.
C. To support evidence for the research result.
D. To present a reasonable doubt about the research process.
15．What is the author’s attitude toward the application of the two particular bacteria in humans
A. Cautious. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Supportive.
二、七选五
16．Nowadays, poor sleep and anxiety are common among young people, causing too much pain and even severe physical and mental problems. ① .
Wind down
Reading a book can help slow breathing and relax muscles, while yoga stretches or even a gentle walk can reduce anxiety. ② . Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that bathing in water of 40-42.5℃ one to two hours before bedtime was related to better sleep.
Protect the bedroom
Keep the bedroom as a place for sleep. Blackout blinds or an eye mask (眼罩) can help block out light, ③ .
Go to bed at regular times
Going to sleep and waking up at regular times — even on weekends — will strengthen your body clock. Regular mealtimes are also an important reminder for your circadian rhythm. Avoid exercise too close to bedtime, as it can cause restlessness and an elevated body temperature.
④________
If your mind is buzzing from the day, try keeping a journal or worry book. The experts also recommend writing to-do lists for the next day in order to organize thoughts and clear the mind.
Get ahead on the next day
⑤ . Choose your clothes for the next day when you reach for your pyjamas or pack your bag while brushing your teeth.
Some habits will help you more than others, but when all of them are combined, the real magic happens.
A. Have a sleep schedule
B. Write down your worries
C. because you are happy and warm
D. A warm bath or shower can also help you relax
E. while keeping electronic devices (设备) out of the bedroom is highly recommended
F. Your night-time routine is an opportunity to make mornings run a little smoother
G. Here are five ways to get a better bedtime routine to help take a turn for the better
三、完形填空（15空）
This is an unbelievably moving and beautiful film. It shows a father’s 1 at its very best. It is a tear-jerker and I must admit that I am moved to tears.
It is a story 2 in 1939 at the start of World War II. Guido, a cheerful Italian-Jewish waiter, gets 3 to Dora, who is not Jewish. They are in love and have a 4 named Giosuè. As they are preparing for Giosuè’s fifth birthday, Guido and Giosuè are arrested (逮捕) and 5 to a concentration camp. Dora begs to 6 with them even though she is not Jewish. She is sent to the 7 part on the other side of the camp.
To hide the awful 8 from his son, Guido pretends (假装) they are at a holiday camp and are playing a game. In the 9 , they have to win points. He 10 his son that the goal is to get 1,000 points — and the prize is a real tank in which they can leave. Here he is talking about the tanks 11 the allies (同盟者) that he hopes will eventually come to save them from the concentration camp when they win the war. He pretends Giosuè can get points for things such as not crying, not saying he is hungry, not asking for his mother, and so on. 12 , Guido hides Giosuè, all the while pretending it is a game and they are playing hide-and-seek.
I won’t tell you how the film ends. You will have to watch it for yourself. Many reviewers have 13 this film, and said that it is a must-see. I completely 14 , as it is one of the most beautiful films I have ever seen — one that I will 15 forget.
17．A. Love B. Hate C. honesty D. bravery
18．A. put B. broke C. judged D. set
19．A. worried B. Married C. Reduced D. limited
20．A. daughter B. mother C. son D. father
21．A. established B. taken C. decorated D. survived
22．A. go B. Protest C. run D. escape
23．A. Guido’s B. Giosuè’s C. men’s D. women’s
24．A. privacy B. fault C. truth D. gender
25．A. camp B. game C. point D. holiday
26．A. tells B. says C. talks D. speaks
27．A. picking out B. belonging to C. paying off D. focusing on
28．A. Regularly B. Secondly C. Eventually D. Surely
29．A. admitted B. designed C. recommended D. maintained
30．A. agree B. disagree C. shock D. apply
31．A. forever B. never C. ever D. Appropriately
四、短文填空
32．阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式,并填在答题卡的相应位置。
Elephants are one of the most intelligent creatures on the earth.Across Africa they have inspired respect from people ①_______ share the landscape with them,giving them strong ②_______ (culture) significance. They're very important species,playing ③_______ important role in maintaining the biodiversity of ecosystems.
During the dry season, elephants use their tusks(长牙) ④_______ (dig) for water. This not only allows the elephants to survive in dry environments, but also ⑤_______ (provide) water for other animals that share the harsh habitats.
When forest elephants eat, they create gaps in the vegetation. These gaps allow new plants to grow and create pathways for smaller animals to use. They're also one of the major ⑥_______ (way) in which trees spread their seeds; some species rely ⑦_______ (entire) upon elephants for seed spreading. Wherever they live,elephants leave dung(粪便) that is filled ⑧_______ seeds from the plants they eat. When the dung gets into the soil, the seeds are sown and grow into new grasses, bushes and trees, ⑨_______ (improve)the health of the savannah (稀树草原)ecosystem.
Sadly, we're losing elephants worldwide, especially in Africa, due to illegal hunting. Action should ⑩_______ (take) to protect this species.
五、首字母填空
33．There is a Chinese s_____ going like this: Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.
34．The two became good friends though there was a big age g_____ between them.
35．Human life is part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in h ________ with nature. （根据首字母单词拼写）
36．Teachers will never be r________ by computers in the classroom.
37．Formal language is different from i________ language in several ways.
38．There was only a n________ gap between the bed and the wall. It’s not wide.
六、单词拼写
39．In his new book, the writer describes his latest _____(奇遇) in Africa in detail.
40．I said hello to him but he just _____(忽视) me completely as if I were invisible.
41．There are 108 main _____(人物) in the novel Water Margin(《水浒传》), one of the four great classics of Chinese literature.
42．The Lemon Melon has a good ________ (平衡) of sweet and sour taste.
七、语法填空
43．After graduation, Hawking first went to Oxford University _________ he studied physics, and then he furthered his study in Cambridge University.
44．It was finally completed in 1928, by _________ time it was considered out of date and revisions began at once.
45．I was moved to tears when I got a photo album from my parents, _________ reminded me of my happy childhood.
46．Tibet is such a place _________ all the people across the world are dreaming of visiting.
47．The people _________ faces lit up with a huge smile gave me the deepest impression.
48．__________ (attract) by the beauty of the West Lake, many visitors say that the scenery there is really beautiful.
49．As is often the case, _______ rich are not always happy.
50．He is expert ________computer software.
51．In such dry weather, the flowers will be watered if they are____________(survive).
52．As a result of the ________ (destroy) of wildlife habitat (栖息地), many animals have no place to live.
53．Our government has taken ________ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving.
54．I need to work in pleasant ________ (surrounding).
55．So the main thing is just to show up and be _________ (adventure), trying different foods and talking to strangers.
56．The old town________ (date) back to the late seventeenth century.
57．Up to now, medical technology _________ (advance) greatly throughout the world.
八、书面表达
58．假设你是红星中学的李华，从网上得知为促进国际文化交流和相互合作，“一带一路国际合作高峰论坛” 将于今年9月在北京举行。组委会现面向全社会招募志愿者。你很感兴趣。
请你按照相关要求用英语给组委会写一封申请信，介绍个人优势，应征此次志愿者工作。
(1)性格特点(如：热情开朗、有礼貌等)；
(2)相关能力(如：熟悉中国传统文化，口语流利等)；
(3)简单阐述对“一带一路”重要意义的理解；
注意：(1)词数不少于100。
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛 The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
Dear Sir,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Saturnalla下面的"The ancient Roman festival of Saturnalia is perhaps the most closely linked with the modern celebration of Christmas.(古罗马的农神节可能是与现代圣诞节庆祝 活动联系最紧密的节日)"可知，农神节与圣诞节有 关。故选C。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Soyal下面的"Ceremonies and rituals include purification, dancing, and sometimes gift-giving.(仪式包括净化、 跳舞，有时还有赠送礼物)"、Saturnalia下面的"There were games and feasts and gift-giving for several days.(一连几天都有游戏、盛宴和礼物赠送)"、Midwinter in Antarctica下面的"Festivities include special meals, films, and sometimes even handmade gifts.(节日包括特别的饭菜、电影，有时 甚至还有手工制作的礼物)"、Dong Zhi下面的"Friends and family members occasionally express their blessings and care to each other through gifts.(朋 友和家人偶尔会通过礼物表达对彼此的祝福和关心) "可知，这四个节日庆祝活动都有赠送礼物。故选B。
3．答案：A
解析：文章出处题。根据文章标题"Winter Solstice Celebrations From Around the World(来自 世界各地的冬至庆祝活动)"井结合全文内容可知， 本文主要介绍了四个冬至庆祝活动，与文化有关。 由此推知，文章最有可能出自报纸的文化版块。故选A。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"In 2012, she took on the role of a sanitation worker in the embassy area of Sanlitun in Beijing's Chaoyang District.(2012年，她在北京朝阳区三里屯使馆区担任 环卫工人。)"可知，她是一名环卫工人。故选C。
5．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的"The 49-year-old Zhang is from a village in Hebei province.(49 岁的张来自河北省的一个村庄。)"和第四段中 的" 'Leaning English at 40, I would easily forget the words I learned the previous day,' Zhang said. However, she persisted(坚持), reviewing words at night and then repeating them one more time the next day morning.(张说: '40岁学英语，我很容易忘记前一天学的单词。'然而，她坚持了下来，晚上复习单词，第二天早上再重复一遍。) "可推测出，长达十年的坚持学习让她学好了英语。故选D。
6．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据画线句前面的"To serve others makes me happy and it's where I prove my self-worth(为他人服务让我快乐，这也是我证明自我价 值的地方)"可知，她在用英语帮助陌生人时证明了 自己的价值，再结合画线句"After retirement, I also want to introduce my hometown in English and develop local tourism.(退休后，我也想用英语介绍我的家 乡，发展当地的旅游业。) "可知，她想要在退休后 用英语介绍家乡，帮助发展家乡的旅游业。她实现 了自我价值，想要从一个平凡的环卫工人转变为一个帮助家乡旅游业发展的人，由此可推测，她鼓舞 人心的经历引导她树立了新的目标。故选B。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的"The special experience deeply moved Zhang and she was determined(下定决心) to learn English.(这段特殊的经 历深深触动了张，她下定决心要学习英语。)"和第 四段中的"However, she persisted(坚持),reviewing words at night and then repeating them one more time the next day morning.(然而，她坚持了下来，晚上复 习单词，第二天早上再重复一遍。)"可知，她下定 决心学习英语，并且刻苦学习，日复一日地坚持了 下来，由此可推测出，她是一个很有决心的人。故 选A。
8．答案：A
9．答案：B
10．答案：D
11．答案：A
12．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。上文"Studies have shown how we understand our strength contributes to the extent to which our muscles might waste with disuse. (研究表明，我们如何理解我们的力量有助于我们的 肌肉可能因不使用而逐渐变虚弱的程度。) "和下 文"they found that only imagining having strong muscles reduced the loss in strength by 50 percent(他们 发现，仅仅想象自己拥有强壮的肌肉，就能减少 50%的力量损失) "可知，肌肉长时间不使用会变得虚 弱;由此可知，实验时，这些成年人的手腕被固定 不使用，因此推断画线词与B项“固定”意思一致，故 选B。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"Crum, a pioneer in this area, found in his study that having a different attitude can maximize(最大化) the benefits of all the occasional exercise we do each day, such as housework or walking around the shops.( Crum是这一 领域的先驱，他在研究中发现，拥有不同的态度可以最大限度地发挥我们每天偶尔做的运动的好处， 比如做家务或在商店里散步。)"可知，Crum的研究 表明态度对所有偶然的锻炼都很重要。故选D。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"An even more unexpected fitness trick might come from our gut. It seems that having the right populations of gut bacteria(肠道菌群) makes you more likely to exercise. (一个更意想不到的健身技巧可能来自我们的肠道， 似乎拥有适当数量的肠道细菌会让你更有可能锻 炼。)"可知，本段讲述适当的肠道菌群让我们更有 可能锻炼，接下来给出了一个例子"Last December, Christopher Thais sat the University of Pennsylvania and his colleagues found that differences in gut bacterial populations appeared to play a much greater role than genetics(遗传学) when it came to running performance in mice. They identified two particular bacteria as being especially important. When the mice were given these in supplements, it seemed to increase their desire to exercise.(去年12月，宾夕法尼亚大学(University of Pennsylvania)的克里斯托弗泰斯(Christopher Thais) 和他的同事发现，在小鼠的跑步表现方面，肠道细 菌数量的差异似乎比遗传因素起着更大的作用。他 们确定了两种特别重要的细菌。当老鼠服用这些补 充剂时，似乎增加了它们运动的欲望。)"来进一步 解释说明这种研究结果，因此推断这个例子的功能 是为这个研究结果提供证据的。故选C。
15．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"It remains to be seen whether this works effectively in humans. We still have much to learn about whether changing microbial populations can make us fitter, says Shrushti Shah at the University of Calgary in Canada.(这是否对 人类有效还有待观察。加拿大卡尔加里大学的 Shrushti Shah说，关于微生物种群的变化是否能使我 们更健康，我们还有很多要了解)"可知，作者认为 这种结果仍需要进一步观察，且指出Shrushti Shah说 微生物种群的变化是否能使我们更健康我们还有很 多要了解;因此推断对于这两种微生物种群的应用 作者是谨慎的。故选A。
16．答案：GDEBF
解析：①语境衔接题。根据前文Nowadays, poor sleep and anxiety are common among young people , causing too much pain and even severe physic al and mental problems、(如今，睡眠不足和焦虑 在年轻人中很常见，导致过多的疼痛，甚至严重的 身心问题。)可知，指出了睡眠不足和焦虑导致的 问题，再结合下文内容可知，空处应承上启下，讲 述有办法改善睡眠问题，G项Here are five ways to get a better bedtime routine to help take a turn for the better(这里有五种方法可以让你拥有更好的就 寝时间，从而帮助你变得更好。)符合语境。故选G。
②联系下文题。根据后文Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that bathing in water of 40-42.5℃ one to two hours before bedtime was related to better sleep，(得克萨斯大学奥斯汀 分校的研究人员发现，睡前一到两小时在40-42.5 摄氏度的水中洗澡与更好的睡眠有关。)可知，空 处应建议泡个热水澡来放松，D项A warm bath or shower can also help you relax(洗个热水澡或淋浴 也可以帮助你放松。)符合语境。故选D。
③联系上文题。根据前句Keep the bedroom as a place for sleep，(把卧室留作睡觉的地方)可知 把卧室作为睡觉的地方。再结合空前的Blackout blinds or an eye mask(眼罩)can help block out light,(遮光百叶窗或眼罩可以帮助遮挡光线。 )可知，可以用遮光百叶窗或眼罩来遮住光线，这 样有利于睡眠，所以空处应讲述其他有利于睡眠的 做法，E项while keeping electronic devices(设备 ) out of the bedroom is highly recommended (同时强烈建议将电子设备放在卧室之外。)符合语境 。故选E。
④标题归纳题。根据下文If your mind is buzzing from the day, try keeping a journal or worry book. The experts also recommend writing to-do lists for the next day in order to organize thoughts and clear the mind，(如果你一整天都在思考，试着记 日记或写一本担忧书。专家们还建议写下第二天的 待办事项清单，以便整理思绪，理清思路。)可知 ，本段与写有关，B项Write down your worries ( 写下你的担心。)符合语境。故选B。
⑤语境衔接题。根据本段小标题Get ahead on the next day(在第二天提前)和后文Choose your clothes for the next day when you reach for your pyjamas or pack your bag while brushing your teeth .(当你伸手去拿睡衣时选择第二天的衣服，或在刷牙时收拾包。)可知，在前一天晚上准备一些第二天的事，F项Your night-time routine is an opportunity to make mornings run a little smoother (你的夜 间作息是一个让早晨运转更顺利的机会。)符合语境。故选F。
17．答案：A
18．答案：D
19．答案：B
20．答案：C
21．答案：B
22．答案：A
23．答案：D
24．答案：C
25．答案：B
26．答案：A
27．答案：B
28．答案：C
29．答案：C
30．答案：A
31．答案：B
32．答案：that/who；cultural；an；to dig； provides；ways； entirely；with；improving； be taken
解析：①考查定语从句引导词。此句为限定性定语从句,先行词为people,从句中缺少主语,故填that/who。
②考查形容词。形容词修饰名词 significance,故填cultural。
③考查冠词。important 以元音音素开头,故填an。
④考查非谓语动词。这里指用鼻子来挖水,不定式表目的。
⑤考查动词的时态和语态。主语是 This,故填 provides。
⑥考查名词。根据 one of ...可知,填可数名词复数形式,故填 ways。
⑦考查副词。副词修饰动词,故填 entire 的副词形式。
⑧考查介词。短语 be filled with 为固定搭配,意为“充满……”。
⑨考查非谓语动词。此处为现在分词。
⑩考查动词的时态。take action 为固定搭配,此处 Action 作主语,需用被动语态,又因为情态动词后需用动词的原形,故填be taken。
33．答案：saying
解析：
34．答案：gap
解析：
35．答案：harmony/armony
解析：考查名词。句意:人类的生命是自然的一部分,因此,我们生存的唯一途径是与自然和谐相处。in harmony with与……和谐相处。根据首字母提示及句意,故填harmony。
36．答案：replaced/eplaced
解析：考查首字母填空，根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，teachers与replace之间是动宾关系，用一般将来时的被动语态。
37．答案：informal/nformal
解析：根据句意可知，此处要表达“非正式”这一含义，因此此处要填“formal”的反义词“informal”，故答案为“informal”。
38．答案：narrow/arrow
解析：根据句意"床和墙之间只有一条狭窄的缝隙。它不宽。"结合首字母，考虑narrow"狭窄的"，形容词narrow作定语修饰名词gap。故填:narrow。
39．答案：adventure(s)
解析：
40．答案：ignored
解析：
41．答案：characters
解析：
42．答案：balance
解析：考查名词。句意:柠檬甜瓜的酸甜口感平衡得很好。good是形容词，修饰名词，“平衡”的名词是balance，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填balance.
43．答案：where
解析：先行词Oxford University在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where.故填:where。
44．答案：which
解析：根据句意和句子结构可知，此句是主从复合句中的非限制性定语从句，先行词是1928，在从句中作介词by的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。
45．答案：which
解析：先行词是a photo album,引导非限制性定语从句只能用 which,不能填 that。
46．答案：as
解析：定语从句的先行词为a place，其前有such修饰，引导词应用关系代词as。
47．答案：whose
解析：先行词people在定语从句中作faces的定语，用关系代词whose.故填:whose。
48．答案：Attracted
解析：考查非调语动词。句意:被西湖的美景所吸引，很多游客都说那儿的风景真的很美。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语visitors和attract (吸引)之间是动真关系，故用过去分词，故填Attracted。
49．答案：the
解析：根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用"the+形容词"表示一类人，the rich意为"富人"。故填:the。
50．答案：in/at
解析：根据句意可知。此处意为"精通……;擅长……;熟练……"，应用be expert in/at。故填:in/at。
51．答案：to survive
解析：分析可知，此处应用be to do表示预期、期望，故填: to survive。
52．答案：destruction
解析：考查名词。句意:由于野生动物栖息地被破坏，许多动物没有地方居住。冠词修饰名词，作介词of的宾语，destruction“破坏”是不可数名词。故填destruction。
53．答案：effective
解析：根据题干要求，本题需要表达“我们的政府已采取了有效措施禁止酒后驾车”这一语义。measures是名词，前面用形容词修饰，effect的形容词是effective，有效的。因此本题答案是“effective”。
54．答案：surroundings
解析：所给词surrounding指"周围的环境;环境"通常用复数形式surroundings，故填surroundings。
55．答案：adventurous
解析：根据句意和句子结构可知，此处需要填写形容词，表示“冒险的”，故填写adventure的形容词形式adventurous。
56．答案：dates
解析：根据句意可知，这是一个客观事实，因此句子时态为一般现在时。主语为“The old town”,为单数，因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。因此正确答案为“dates”。
57．答案：has advanced
解析：根据句意:到目前为止，医疗技术在全世界大大发展了。up to now:到目前为止，常用于现在完成时态，结构:have/has+done。主语medical technology:医疗技术，是第三人称单数，助动词用has，后接advance (发展)的过去分词advanced。故答案为:has advanced。
58．答案：
Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student. I’m writing to apply for a valuable opportunity to be a volunteer for The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing in September.
First of all, I think it’s a great honor for me to introduce myself briefly. I am an outgoing student with great passion. As a result, I will spare no effort to serve our distinguished guests from home and abroad politely. What’s more, I have a rich knowledge about Chinese history and especially traditional culture, which enables me to spread our splendid culture to the whole world. In addition, I have a good command of English, thus making it easy for me to communicate well with the foreigners.
I am fully aware of the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative. Recognized by an increasing number of nations, it has greatly promoted cultural exchange, strengthened mutual cooperation and led to building a community with a shared future. If given the chance, I’ll be very delighted to work for this forum and surely be devoted to the job. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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