2024年中考英语人教版一轮复习基础梳理 学案 七年级下册 Units 1－4

Units 1－4
Unit 1
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.吉他guitar
★弹吉他play the guitar
2．v.唱；唱歌sing
→(过去式)sang
→(过去分词)sung
→(n.)歌手singer
★随着……唱歌sing along with...
3．v.& n．游泳swim
→(过去式)swam
→(过去分词)swum
→(现在分词)swimming
★在游泳队on the swim team
★游泳俱乐部the swimming club
★去游泳go swimming
4．v.跳舞；n.舞蹈dance
★随着……跳舞dance to...
5．v.画draw
→(过去式)drew
→(过去分词)drawn
6．n.国际象棋chess
★下国际象棋play chess
7．v.说(某种语言)；说话speak
→(过去式)spoke
→(过去分词)spoken
→(n.)讲(某种语言)的人；发言者speaker
→(adj.)口语的；口头的spoken
★说英语speak English
★跟某人说speak to sb.
★英语口语spoken English
8．v.参加；加入join
★加入到某人当中join sb.
★参军join the army
★参加英语俱乐部join the English club
★参加(某项活动)join in
9．n.俱乐部；社团club
★美术俱乐部the art club
★音乐俱乐部the music club
★英语俱乐部the English club
★象棋俱乐部the chess club
10．v.讲述；告诉 tell
→(过去式/过去分词)told
★讲故事tell stories
★讲故事俱乐部the story telling club
★告诉某人(不要)做某事tell sb. (not) to do sth.
熟词生义：v.辨别；识别；区分 One study that was done on middle school students showed that more than 80 percent of them couldn’t tell the difference between real stories and ads that looked like news. 山西中考 一项针对中学生的研究表明，超过80%的中学生无法区分真实故事和看起来像新闻的广告。
11．n.故事；小说story
→(复数)stories
12．v.写作；写字write
→(过去式)wrote
→(过去分词)written
→(现在分词)writing
→(n.)作家writer
★给某人写信write to sb.
★写下，记下write down
13．n.演出；节目；v.给……看；展示show
→(过去式)showed
→(过去分词)shown
★学校演出school show
★正在展出on show
★出席，露面show up
★带某人参观show sb. around
★给某人看某物①show sb. sth.
②show sth. to sb.
熟词生义：v.带路；指出 Then he showed me the way and I arrived at the hotel safely in the end. 成都中考 然后他给我指了路，我最终安全地到达了酒店。
14．conj.或者；也不(用于否定句)or
15．v.& n．说话；交谈talk
★跟……说talk to...
★谈论talk about
★顶嘴talk back
★做演讲give a talk
16．n.鼓drum
★敲鼓play the drums
17．n.钢琴piano
→(复数)pianos
→(n.)钢琴家pianist
★弹钢琴play the piano
18．n.小提琴violin
★拉小提琴play the violin
19．adv.也；而且also
20．n.人；人们people
21．n.家；活动本部；adv.到家；在家home
★在家at home
★回家go home
★在某人回家的路上on one’s way home
22．v.使成为；制造make
→(过去式/过去分词)made
→(现在分词)making
★结交朋友make friends
★及时到达；成功make it
★挣钱make money
★犯错误make mistakes/a mistake
★组成，编造make up
★确保make sure
★成为足球队的一员make the soccer team
★影响，有作用make a difference
★前往…… make one’s way to...
★由……制成be made of/from
★在某地生产be made in
★弄得一团糟make a mess
★做出努力make an effort
★使某人感到宾至如归make sb. feel at home
★决定make a decision
★自己做决定make one’s own decision
23．adv.在今天today
24．n.中心；中央center(＝centre)
→(adj.)中央的central
★在购物中心in the shopping center
25．n.周末weekend
★(在)周末①on the weekend
②on weekends
26．v.教；讲授teach
→(过去式/过去分词)taught
→(三单)teaches
★自学teach oneself
★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.
27．n.音乐家musician
※要求掌握的短语
擅长于…… be good at...
善于应付……的；对……有办法be good with...
在某方面帮助(某人)help (sb.) with sth.
Unit 2
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．adv.向上up
★上上下下；来回，往复up and down
★装扮dress up
★起床；站起get up
★张贴；举起；搭建put up
★切碎cut up
★站起；站立stand up
★长大，成长grow up
★编造；构成make up
★把声音调大turn up
★熬夜stay up (late)
★醒来wake up
★把某人叫醒wake sb. up
★放弃give up
★使某人振奋起来cheer sb. up
★赶快，匆忙hurry up
★捡起；接电话；(开车)接人pick up
★建立set up
★最终成为，最终处于end up
★修理fix up
★是……的职责，由……决定be up to
★到达(某数量、程度)；至多有up to
2．v.穿衣服；n.连衣裙dress
★穿上衣服get dressed
★给某人穿衣服dress sb./oneself
★穿……衣服be dressed in
★穿上盛装；打扮dress up
3．v.刷，刷净；n.刷子brush
→(复数/三单)brushes
4．n.牙齿tooth
→(复数)teeth
★刷牙brush teeth
5．v.& n．淋浴；n.淋浴器(间)shower
★洗淋浴take a shower
6．adv.通常地；一般地usually
→(adj.)通常的；寻常的usual
→(adj.反义词)不寻常的unusual
7．num.四十forty
8．adv.从不；绝不never
9．adv.& adj.早(的)early
→(比较级)earlier
→(最高级)earliest
★早起get up early
10．num.五十fifty
→(序数词)fiftieth
11．n.工作；职业job
★干得好do a good job
★兼职工作part-time job
12．v.& n．工作work
★下班后after work
★起作用；忙着(做某事) at work
★去上班go to work
★从事，致力于work on
★算出work out
熟词生义：v.奏效；有作用 If one experience doesn’t work，don’t give up and you’ll surely find the right opportunity. 河北中考 如果一次经历不起作用，不要放弃，你一定会找到合适的机会。
13．n.电(视)台；车站station
★广播电台radio station
★电视台TV station
★警察局police station
★汽车站bus station
★火车站train station
14．adv.(表示整点)……点钟o’clock
15．n.晚上；夜晚night
★在晚上at night
16．adj.奇怪的；滑稽好笑的funny
→(比较级)funnier
→(最高级)funniest
17．v.& n．锻炼；练习exercise
★做眼保健操do eye exercises
★做早操do morning exercises
18．adj.最好的；adv.最好地；最best
★尽某人最大的努力try one’s best
★做某事最好的时间the best time to do sth.
★做某事最好的方法the best way to do sth.
★最好做某事it’s best to do sth.
★我最好的朋友my best friend
19．n.组；群group
★一组，一群a group of
★成群地，成组地in a group/in groups
★小组学习work/study with a group
20．n.& pron.一半；半数half
→(复数)halves
★半小时half an hour
★一个半小时①one hour and a half
②one and a half hours
★对半地in half
21．prep.晚于；过(时间)；adj.过去的past
★6：30 half past six
★7：15 a quarter past seven
★7：10 ten past seven
★经过①go past ②pass (by)
★在过去in the past
★在过去的几年里in the past/last few years
22．n.一刻钟；四分之一quarter
★某物的四分之一a quarter of sth.
23．n.家庭作业homework
★做作业do (one’s) homework
24．v.跑；奔run
→(过去式)ran
→(过去分词)run
→(现在分词)running
→(n.)跑步者runner
★追赶run after
★逃跑run away
★用光run out (of)
熟词生义： ①v.经营；运营 We have run our Kid Reporter program for many years. 德州中考 我们运营儿童记者项目已经很多年了。 ②v.持续 The after-school exercise classes will run from 18 December to 14 January. 河北中考 课后锻炼班将自12月18日持续到1月14日。
25．v.打扫；弄干净；adj.干净的clean
★打扫干净clean up
26．n.& v．行走；步行walk
★散步；走一走①take a walk②go for a walk
★步行去某地①walk to...
②go to...on foot
★四处走动walk around
27．adv.很快地quickly
→(比较级)more quickly
→(最高级)most quickly
→(adj.)快速的quick
28．conj.或者；adv.也(用在否定词组后)either
★要么……要么……；或者……或者……either...or...
29．pron.大量；许多lot
★大量；许多①lots of ②a lot of
30．adv.有时sometimes
31．v.有……的味道；品尝；n.味道；滋味taste
32．n.生活；生命life
→(复数)lives
★在某人一生中in one’s life
★挽救某人的生命save one’s life
★丧生lose one’s life
★改变某人的生活change one’s life
※要求理解的单词
wow interj.(表示惊奇或敬佩)哇；呀
Unit 3
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.火车；v.训练train
2．n.公共汽车bus
→(复数)buses
3．n.地铁subway
乘地铁①take the subway　②by subway
4．v.骑；n.旅行；短途旅程；搭便车；供乘骑的游乐设施ride
→(过去式)rode
→(过去分词)ridden
→(现在分词)riding
★让某人搭便车give sb. a ride
★骑马ride a horse
★坐5个小时的汽车take a 5-hour bus ride
5．n.自行车bike
★骑自行车ride a bike
6．num.六十sixty
7．num.七十seventy
8．num.八十eighty
9．num.九十ninety
10．num.一百hundred
★三百three hundred
★数百的hundreds of
11．n.分钟minute
★立刻in a minute
★五分钟的路程five minutes’ walk
12．adv.& adj.远；远的far
→(比较级)farther/further
→(最高级)farthest/furthest
★多远how far
★离……远be far from
13．n.千米；公里kilometer
14．adj.新的；刚出现的new
15．adj.每一；每个every
★每天every day
16．prep.(表示方式)乘(交通工具) by
★骑自行车by bike
★通过做某事by doing sth.
★星期五之前by Friday
★在湖边by the lake
★偶然，意外地by accident
★错误地by mistake
17．v.开车；迫使drive
→(过去式)drove
→(过去分词)driven
→(现在分词)driving
→(n.)司机，驾驶员driver
★开车drive a car
★迫使某人做某事drive sb. to do sth.
★使某人发疯drive sb. mad
18．n.小汽车；轿车car
19．v.居住；生活live
→(adj.)活跃的；生机勃勃的lively
→(adj.)宜居的；足够生活的liveable
★住在…… live in
★过……的生活live a．..life
熟词生义： ①adj.活着的；生动的 A dead fish only moves along the river，while a live fish can control its journey. 重庆中考 死鱼只能沿着河流移动，而活鱼可以控制它的行程。 ②adj.现场直播的 Passengers can also watch live sports programs during the Winter Olympics on the train，which is helped with 5G technology. 呼和浩特中考 乘客还可以在火车上观看冬奥会期间的体育直播节目，这得益于5G技术。
20．n.车站；停止；v.停止stop
→(现在分词)stopping
★停止做某事stop doing sth.
★停下来去做某事stop to do sth.
★阻止……做某事stop sb. from doing sth.
★汽车站bus stop
21．v.横过；越过cross
→(prep.) 横过across
→(n.)十字路口crossing
★过马路/街/河/桥cross the road/street/river/bridge
22．n.河；江river
23．adj.& pron.许多many
→(比较级)more
→(最高级)most
★许多学生many students
24．n.村庄；村镇village
→(n.)村民villager
25．prep.介于……之间between
★在……和……之间between...and...
26．n.桥bridge
27．n.小船boat
28．n.年；岁year
★全年all year round
29．adj.害怕；畏惧afraid
★害怕…… be afraid of sth.
★害怕做某事be afraid to do/doing sth.
30．prep.像；怎么样like
31．v.离开；留下leave
→(过去式/过去分词)left
→(现在分词)leaving
★离开某地leave sp.
★动身去某地leave for sp.
★把某物落在某地leave sth.＋地点
熟词生义：v.遗弃；丢弃 Every year，people put their pets in their cars，drive for kilometers，then leave these poor animals at the side of the road. 武威中考 每年，人们都会把宠物放在车里，开上几公里，然后把这些可怜的动物遗弃在路边。
32．n.梦想；睡梦；v.做梦dream
→(过去式/过去分词)dreamed/dreamt
★梦想做某事dream of/about doing sth.
33．adj.真的；符合事实的true
→(adv.)确实；真正地truly
→(n.)真相truth
★实现；成为现实come true
※要求理解的单词
ropeway n．索道
※要求掌握的短语
到达get to
认为；想起think of
Unit 4
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.规则；规章rule
→(n.)统治者 ruler
★违反规则break the rules
★制定规则make the rules
熟词生义：v.控制；统治；支配 It was ruled by a king who loved riddles. 南京中考 它是由一位喜爱谜语的国王统治的。
2．v.到达arrive
★到达大地方arrive in
★到达小地方arrive at
★上课迟到arrive late for class
3．n.大厅；礼堂hall
★餐厅dining hall
4．v.听；倾听listen
★听…… listen to...
★听音乐listen to music
5．v.& n．打架；战斗fight
★和某人打架①fight with sb.
②get into a fight with sb.
6．adj.抱歉的；难过的；惋惜的sorry
★听到……我感到很难过。I’m sorry to hear that...
7．adv.在外面；adj.外面的outside
→(反义词) adv.在里面 adj.里面的 inside
8．v.穿；戴wear
→(过去式)wore
→(过去分词)worn
★穿校服wear uniforms
9．adj.重要的important
→(n.)重要性importance
10．v.带来；取来bring
→(过去式/过去分词)brought
★恢复；使想起；归还bring back
★使显现；使表现出bring out
★给某人拿来某物①bring sb. sth.
②bring sth. to sb.
★给某人带来好运bring good luck to sb.
11．adj.安静的quiet
→(比较级)更安静的quieter
→(最高级)最安静的quietest
→(adv.)安静地 quietly
★保持安静keep quiet
12．adv.外出out
★外出(娱乐) go out
13．v.& n．练习 n．实践practice＝practise
★练习某事practice sth.
★练习做某事practice doing sth.
★大量的写作练习much writing practice
14．n.碟；盘dish
→(复数)dishes
★清洗餐具do the dishes
15．prep.& conj.在……以前 adv.以前before
16．adj.脏的dirty
17．n.厨房kitchen
18．adj.& pron.更多(的) more
★多于more than
19．adj.吵闹的noisy
→(n.) 噪音noise
20．v.放松；休息relax
21．v.读；阅读read
→(过去式/过去分词)read
→(n.)读者reader
★看书read books
22．adj.非常讨厌的；可怕的terrible
23．v.感受；觉得feel
→(过去式/过去分词)felt
→(n.)感觉feeling
24．adj.严格的；严厉的strict
★(对某人)要求严格be strict (with sb.)
★对某事要求严格be strict in sth.
25．v.记住；记起remember
★记得要做某事remember to do sth.
★记得做过某事remember doing sth.
26．v.遵循；跟随follow
→adj.接着的following
★遵守规则follow the rules
熟词生义：v.听从 建议、指示等 I followed his advice and from that day on，I learnt to enjoy myself with much pressure. 河南中考 我听从了他的建议，从那天起，我学会了在巨大的压力下享受自己。
27．n.幸运；运气luck
→(adj.)幸运的lucky
→(adv.)幸运地luckily
28．v.保持；保留；养keep
→(过去式/过去分词)kept
→(n.)饲养员，保管人keeper
★一直做某事keep doing sth.
★坚持做某事keep on doing sth.
★使某人一直做某事keep sb. doing sth.
★保持健康keep healthy
★使某物保持某种状态keep sth.＋adj.
★远离…… keep away from
★不将……说出去keep sth. to oneself
★沉住气，保持冷静keep one’s cool
★写日记keep a diary
★饲养一只宠物keep a pet
熟词生义：v.放；存放；贮存 在某处 She thought she should hand in the pink paper bag to the teacher，so she kept it in her schoolbag. 宿迁中考 她认为她应该把这只粉红色的纸袋交给老师，所以她把它放在书包里。
29．n.头发；毛发hair
30．v.学习；学会learn
→(过去式/过去分词)learned/learnt
★学会做某事learn to do sth.
★自学learn by oneself
※要求理解的单词
hallway n．走廊；过道
uniform n．校服；制服
※要求掌握的短语
准时(be) on time
必须；不得不have to
铺床make one’s bed
考点1　辨析speak，tell，talk与say
原文再现
·He likes to speak English.(七下第2页2b)
·Can you tell stories？(七下第3页3b)
·Please talk to Mr.Zhang after school.(七下第3页3b)
·...my mom says，“Get up now and make your bed！”(七下第23页2b)
·My dad says I can’t play basketball after school.(七下第23页2b)
·People always tell us，“Don’t do this！” or “You can’t do that！”(七下第23页2b)
考点归纳
单词 含义及用法 固定搭配
speak vt.说话(后接表示语言的词)vi.发言，讲话，说话(强调说话的能力) speak English说英语 speak to对……讲；和……说话 This is...speaking. (打电话)我是……
tell vt.告诉，讲述(强调讲给别人听) tell a story/lie讲故事/说谎 tell sb. (about) sth.告诉某人(关于)某事 tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事
talk vi.交谈，谈话(强调与某人交谈) n．报告，演讲 talk to/with sb.与某人交谈 talk about sth.谈论/讨论某事
say vt.说(强调说话的内容) say thanks/sorry/goodbye to sb. 向某人表示感谢/道歉/告别 say to sb.对某人说
考点即练
用方框中所给词的正确形式填空
1．Photos speak silently，but they say a lot about our lives.
2．It’s said that the slant(倾斜) in your handwriting can tell how you treat people and things around you.
3．Although we talk to people every day，many people feel nervous when making conversations.
4．—It’s said that the Shenzhou-14 astronauts will say hello to us on Mid-Autumn Day.
—Wonderful.I’m looking forward to it.
考点2　辨析be good at，be good for，be good to与be good with
原文再现
·You’re very good at telling stories.(七下第2页2d)
·Are you good with old people？(七下第5页2b)
·She knows it’s not good for her，but it tastes good！(七下第11页2b)
考点归纳
考点即练
填入适当的单词完成语段
John has a gift for music.He is also good with old people.He likes to play the violin for the elders.He thinks music can bring them happiness and is good for their health.The old people are thankful to him and are good to him，too.
考点3　辨析also，too与as well
原文再现
·I can speak English and I can also play soccer.(七下第5页2a)
·I can play the guitar and the piano.I can sing and dance，too.(七下第5页2a)
考点归纳
词(组) 用法
also 较正式，常放在句中，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后 用于肯定句
too 多用于口语中，常位于句末，其前可用逗号隔开
as well 位于句末，其前不用逗号隔开
考点即练
用too，also，as well填空
1．I enjoy listening to soft music and my best friend Linda enjoys it as well.
2．Eating too much sugar is bad for our teeth，and it also makes us fat.
3．Your new bag looks pretty good.I want to buy one，too.
考点4　either的用法
原文再现
·In the evening，I either watch TV or play computer games.(七下第11页2b)
考点归纳
*If you don’t go，I will not go，either.
如果你不去，我也不去。
*—Would you like the blue one or the green one
—Either is OK.
——你愿意要蓝色的还是绿色的？
——任何一个都可以。
*Ms.Brown is either in the office or in the library.
布朗女士要么在办公室里要么在图书馆里。
考点即练
1．I don’t know how to use the new machine.Jack doesn’t know，either.
2．—How do you like the two pairs of shoes
—They don’t fit me.They are too big too small.
A．not only；but also B．neither；nor
C．either；or D．both；but
答案　C
考点5　交通方式表达法
原文再现
·—How does Mary get to school？—She takes the subway.(七下第13页1c)
·Do you go by bus or by train？(七下第17页2b)
考点归纳
考点即练
用方框中所给词的正确形式填空
1．Most parents think it is a good choice to take a bus because it’s quite safe.
2．Travelling by train is slower than by plane.But it’s more interesting than by plane.
3．—Are you going to ride your bike to the beach
—Yes.It’s the most convenient of all.
4．Wang Yaping，the female(女性的) Chinese space walker，began her first space walk in November,2021.
5．If you drive to work，sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a very difficult thing.
考点6　“穿”的不同
原文再现
·They always get dressed at seven twenty.(七下第9页Grammar Focus)
·And we always have to wear the school uniform.(七下第20页2d)
考点归纳
词(组) 意义及用法 例句
dress 表示“给……穿衣服”，后面一定接人，可以表示动作也可以表示状态。常用结构：dress oneself自己穿衣服；dress up打扮；be dressed in穿着 Please dress the children right now. 请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。
put on 表示“穿上”，强调穿戴的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。反义词组为take off(脱掉)；put on还有“(体重)增加”“上映”之意 He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外套出去了。
wear 表示“穿着，戴着”，是一种状态，宾语可以是衣服、鞋帽、眼镜、饰物等，也可以指留着什么样的头发、胡须等 The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。
be in 表示穿着的状态，后接衣服或颜色，着重于衣服的款式或颜色 The man in black is a football coach.穿黑衣服的那个男人是足球教练。
总结：
考点即练
填入适当的单词
1．I prefer to wear sports pants rather than jeans because they are much more comfortable.
2．Nancy is ready to dress up for the graduation party tonight.Because she wants to leave a good memory of her last moment in school.
3．You’d better put on your mask now，or the bus driver won’t allow you to take the bus.
4．The girl who is in a blue skirt is my deskmate and she is from Canada.
考点7　keep的用法
原文再现
·At school，I have to wear a school uniform，and I must keep my hair short.(七下第24页3a)
考点归纳
1．keep用作及物动词，意为“保管；存放；保存；保留”。
如：Please keep the dictionary well.请好好地保存这本词典。
2．keep用作及物动词，意为“遵守(诺言、法律、条约等)；保守(秘密等)”。
如：He is a man who always keeps his word.他是一个总会遵守诺言的人。
3.
考点即练
用所给词的适当形式填空或填入一个适当的单词
1．If you want to improve your pronunciation，keep on practicing every day.
2．It’s very impolite to keep others waiting(wait)．We should try to be on time when we have a date.
3．Although we can’t keep an earthquake from happening，we can use some methods to make harm less.
4．Instead of keeping sadness to yourself(you)，you should tell it to your parents or friends.
5．Nowadays，we go shopping，read news and keep in touch with friends，and all of these can be done with only one app.