2024年中考英语人教版一轮复习基础梳理 学案 七年级下册 Units 5－8

Units 5－8
Unit 5
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.熊猫panda
2．n.动物园zoo
3．n.老虎tiger
4．n.大象elephant
5．n.狮子lion
6．n.长颈鹿giraffe
7．n.动物animal
8．adj.可爱的；机灵的cute
9．adj.懒散的；懒惰的lazy
→(比较级)lazier
→(最高级)laziest
10．adj.聪明的smart
熟词生义：adj.智能的 Using smart phones too much will get in the way of students’ schoolwork. 抚顺中考 过度使用智能手机会妨碍学生的功课。
11．adj.美丽的；美好的beautiful
→(adv.)美丽地beautifully
→(n.)美丽beauty
12．n.种类kind
★稍微；有点儿kind of
★一种a kind of
★各种各样的all kinds of
★不同种类的different kinds of
★对某人友好be kind to sb.
13．n.澳大利亚Australia
→(adj.)澳大利亚的Australian
14．n.南；南方；adj.南方的south
→(adj.)南方的；向南的southern
★在中国南方①in the south of China
②in the southern part of China
15．n.非洲Africa
→(adj.)非洲的(n.)非洲人African
★南非South Africa
16．n.宠物pet
17．n.腿leg
18．n.猫cat
19．n.& v．睡觉sleep
→(过去式/过去分词)slept
→(adj.)睡着的asleep
→(adj.)困倦的sleepy
★入睡，睡着go to sleep
20．adj.友好的friendly
★对某人友好be friendly to sb.
21．adj.羞怯的；腼腆的shy
→(n.)害羞；腼腆shyness
22．v.救；救助；节省save
★救某人的命save one’s life
★节省时间save time
熟词生义：v.储蓄；保存 She found a piece of land for sale and bought it with $5，000 she saved from years of babysitting 当临时保姆 . 安徽中考 她找到了一块待售的土地，用多年当临时保姆攒下的5 000美元买下了它。
23．n.象征symbol
★被看作……(幸福/美好祝愿/好运)的象征be seen as symbols of (happiness/good wishes/good luck)
24．n.旗；旗帜flag
25．v.忘记；遗忘forget
→(过去式)forgot
→(过去分词)forgotten
★忘记去做某事forget to do sth.
★忘记做过某事forget doing sth.
26．n.地点；位置place
★一个做某事的好地方a good place to do sth.
★代替某人的位置take one’s place
熟词生义： ①v.放置；安置 The point is that if you don’t place the big rocks into the bottle first，you’ll never get them in. 凉山州中考 关键是如果你不先把大石头放进瓶子里，你就再也不能把它们放进去了。 ②n.地位；名次 To everyone’s surprise，the poorly dressed Zhang took the first place in the exam and later became the son-in-law of the emperor. 抚顺中考 出乎所有人意料的是，穿着寒酸的张考上了状元，后来成为皇帝的女婿。
27．n.水water
熟词生义：v.浇水 After that，they dug holes on the ground and watered the cuttings together. 长沙中考 之后，他们在地上挖洞，一起给插枝浇水。
28．n.危险danger
→(adj.)危险的dangerous
→(n.反义词)安全safety
→(adj.反义词)安全的safe
★处于(极大)危险之中be in (great) danger
29．v.砍；切cut
→(过去式/过去分词)cut
→(现在分词)cutting
★砍倒cut down
★切碎cut up
★切断cut off
★删除cut out
熟词生义： ①n.发型；理发 The thing that I like the most about my job is that people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts and that makes me feel happy. 泰安中考 我最喜欢我的工作的一点是，人们对我修剪的发型感到舒适和时尚，这让我感到快乐。 ②n.伤口 He washed the cut，put some medicine on it and then put a bandage on it. 兰州中考 他洗了伤口，抹了一些药，然后用绷带包扎上。
30．prep.向下；沿着；adv.(坐、躺、倒)下down
★逐渐变弱die down
★躺下lie down
★拆除，往下拽take down
★跌倒，倒塌fall down
★拒绝；调小音量turn down
★写下write down
31．n.树tree
32．v.杀死；弄死kill
熟词生义：v.消磨 时间 ；打发 时光 We can play cards to kill time.我们可以打牌消磨时间。
33．prep.超过，多于；在……上方over
※要求理解的单词
koala n．树袋熊；考拉
scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的
ivory n．象牙
※要求掌握的短语
迷路get lost
整天all day
来自①come from ②be from
非常a lot
很长一段时间for a long time
由……制成①be made of ②be made from
Unit 6
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.报纸newspaper
★看报纸read a newspaper
2．v.使用；运用use
→(adj.)有用的useful
★用光use up
3．n.汤soup
★做汤make soup
4．v.洗wash
→(三单)washes
★冲走wash away
5．n.电影movie
★去看电影go to the movies
6．adv.只是；恰好just
7．n.房子house
8．v.喝；n.饮料drink
→(过去式)drank
→(过去分词)drunk
★喝茶drink tea
9．n.茶；茶叶tea
10．adv.在明天；n.明天；未来tomorrow
11．n.游泳池；水池pool
12．v.购物；n.商店shop
→(现在分词)shopping
★去购物go shopping
13．n.超市supermarket
14．n.男人；人man
→(复数)men
15．n.竞赛race
16．v.& n．学习；研究study
→(三单)studies
→(过去式)studied
→(现在分词)studying
17．n.州state
熟词生义： ①n.状态；状况 “It is important to put the brain in a learning state as often as possible，” Van der Meer added. 包头中考 范德梅尔补充道：“尽可能多地让大脑处于学习状态是很重要的。” ②n.国家；政府 China is one of the 193 member states in the UN. 大庆中考 中国是联合国193个成员国之一。
18．adj.美国的；美洲的；n.美国人；美洲人American
19．adj.任何的；任一的 pron.任何；任一any
20．adj.另外的；其他的；pron.另外的人(或物)other
★其他的…… the other...
★一个……另一个one...the other
★其他的任何一个any other
21．adj.幼小的；年轻的young
22．n.儿童child
→(复数)children
23．v.怀念；思念；错过miss
→(adj.)失去的missing
★错过做某事miss doing sth.
24．v.& n．希望wish
→(三单/复数)wishes
★希望做某事wish to do sth.
★最美好的祝愿best wishes
★许愿make a wish
25．adj.可口的；美味的delicious
26．adv.还；仍然still
※要求理解的单词
host n．主人；东道主
dragon n．龙
Dragon Boat Festival端午节
※要求掌握的短语
客厅living room
出去吃饭eat out
美国；美利坚合众国the United States
Unit 7
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．v.下雨；n.雨水rain
→(现在分词)raining
→(adj.)阴雨的，多雨的rainy
★一场大雨a heavy rain
★雨下得大rain hard/heavily
2．adj.多风的windy
→(n.)风wind
3．adj.多云的cloudy
→(n.)云cloud
4．adj.晴朗的sunny
→(n.)太阳sun
5．v.下雪；n.雪snow
→(adj.)下雪的snowy
6．n.天气weather
7．v.做饭；n.厨师cook
8．adj.坏的；糟的bad
→(adv.)坏地；非常badly
→(比较级)worse
→(最高级)worst
★对……有害be bad for
★变质go bad
9．n.公园；v.停车park
10．n.信息；消息message
★捎个口信；传话take a message
★留言leave a message
11．pron.他(he的宾格) him
12．modal v．能；可以(过去式) could
13．adv.回来；回原处back
★(给某人)回电话call (sb.) back
熟词生义：n.后背；后部 People are not advised to shake hands.And instead，they can give each other a pat on the back. 山西中考 不建议人们握手。相反，他们可以互相拍拍对方的背。
14．n.困难；难题problem
★解决问题solve the problem
★没问题；没关系no problem
★做某事有困难have problems doing sth.
15．adv.再一次；又一次again
★再三地，反复地over and over again
16．adj.干燥的dry
17．adj.寒冷的；冷的；n.感冒cold
★感冒have a cold
18．adj.热的hot
熟词生义： ①adj.辣的；辛辣的 For example，hot food is Lara’s favorite，and Tara has a sweet choice. 北京中考 例如，辣的食物是劳拉的最爱，而塔拉喜欢甜的食物。 ②adj.热门的；受到广泛关注的 When we talk about the UK，what will you think of？ Big Ben，Downing Street and Tower Bridge are always our hot topics. 长沙中考 当我们谈论英国时，你会想到什么？大本钟、唐宁街和塔桥一直是我们的热门话题。
19．adj.温暖的warm
→(n.)温暖warmth
熟词生义： ①adj.热心的 Being warm is an important part of Chinese culture. 广安中考 热情是中国文化的重要组成部分。 ②v. 使 温暖；变暖和 We are all different and hope to be treated with kindness，so let’s warm the world with kindness. 贵港中考 我们都是不同的，都希望得到善意的对待，所以让我们用善意来温暖这个世界。
20．v.拜访；参观visit
→(n.)参观者，访问者visitor
21．n.加拿大Canada
22．n.夏天；夏季summer
23．v.坐sit
→(过去式/过去分词)sat
→(现在分词)sitting
24．n.果汁；饮料juice
25．adv.不久；很快soon
★一……就…… as soon as
★尽快as soon as possible
26．n.假期vacation
★度假on (a) vacation
★暑假summer vacation
27．adv.努力地；adj.困难的hard
★努力工作work hard
★困难的工作hard work
★对某人要求严厉be hard on sb.
熟词生义： ①adj.苛刻的 You shouldn’t be too hard on yourself. 白银中考 你不应该对自己太苛刻。 ②adj.勤劳的 Tell your child that you are proud of his or her hard work. 滨州中考 告诉你的孩子，你为他或她的辛勤工作感到骄傲。 ③adv.猛烈地 It’s raining hard outside.Take an umbrella with you. 新疆中考 外面雨下得很大。你带把雨伞。
28．n.欧洲Europe
→(n.)欧洲人(adj.)欧洲的European
29．n.高山mountain
30．n.国；国家country
→(复数)countries
31．v.滑冰skate
→(现在分词)skating
★去滑冰go skating
32．n.冬天；冬季winter
33．adj.俄罗斯的；n.俄罗斯人；俄语Russian
※要求理解的单词
snowman n．雪人
※要求掌握的短语
此刻；马上right now
Unit 8
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.邮政；v.邮寄post
2．n.办公室office
★邮局post office
3．n.警察police
★警察局police station
4．n.旅馆；酒店hotel
5．n.餐馆restaurant
6．n.银行bank
7．n.医院hospital
★住院in hospital
★在医院里in the hospital
8．n.大街street
9．v.& n．付费pay
→(过去式/过去分词)paid
★付费电话pay phone
★支付pay for
★付钱买某物pay money for sth.
10．prep.在……附近near
★在这附近①near here ②around here
11．adv.& prep.过；穿过across
★在……对面across from
★过马路①walk across the road
②cross the road
12．n.前面front
★在……(外部的)前面in front of
★在……(内部的)前面in the front of
13．prep.在……后面behind
14．n.镇；市镇town
★在镇上in town
15．adv.在周围；大约；prep.在……周围around
★环顾四周look around
★环游世界travel around the world
16．n.北；北方；adj.北方的north
→(adj.)北方的northern
17．prep.沿着along
★沿着(这条街)走go along (the street)
18．v.转向；翻；变成turn
→(n.)拐角 turning
★打开turn on
★关上turn off
★调高音量turn up
★把声音调低；拒绝turn down
★变成turn into
熟词生义：n. 依次轮到的 机会 “I did it！” said Angela happily.“It’s your turn now.” 天津中考 “我做到了！”安吉拉高兴地说。“现在轮到你了。”
19．adv.向右边；n.右边right
20．adv.向左边 n．左边left
★向右/左转turn right/left
★在右/左边on the right/left
21．n.十字路口crossing
→(v.)横过cross
★在第一个十字路口at the first crossing
22．v.花(时间、钱等)；度过spend
→(过去式/过去分词)spent
★在某物上花钱spend money on sth.
★花时间做某事spend time doing sth.
★和某人共度时光spend time with sb.
23．n.猴子monkey
→(复数)monkeys
24．v.爬climb
→(n.)登山者climber
25．n.路road
26．adv.时常；常常often
27．n.空气air
28．adj.免费的；有空的free
★有空做某事be free to do sth.
★随意做某事feel free to do sth.
29．v.享受；喜爱enjoy
→(adj.)有乐趣的enjoyable
★喜欢阅读enjoy reading
★喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth.
★玩得开心enjoy oneself
30．adv.容易地easily
→(adj.)容易的easy
31．n.钱money
★赚钱make money
★零用钱pocket money
★攒钱save money
★压岁钱lucky money
※要求理解的单词
neighborhood n．街区；街坊
sunshine n．阳光
※要求掌握的短语
在……旁边next to...
在……和……中间between...and...
考点1　remember的用法
原文再现
·They can also remember places with food and water.(七下第29页2b)
·Remember that March 13th is Thai Elephant Day.(七下第29页2b)
考点归纳
考点即练
1．I remember returning(return) the geography book to him，but he says I didn’t.
2．Next time you come to Yili，remember to visit(visit) Sailimu Lake.
考点2　辨析family，home，house与room
原文再现
·It’s 9：00 a．m.and Zhu Hui’s family are at home.(七下第35页2b)
考点归纳
单词 意义及用法 例句
family 1.强调整体，指“家、家庭”，谓语动词用单数形式 2．强调个人，指“家庭成员”，谓语动词用复数形式 I have a happy family.我有一个幸福的家庭。(指家庭) My family are watching TV now.我的家人正在看电视。(指家人)
home 意为“家；家乡；故乡”。指某人出生或居住的地方，通常含有感彩(如：团聚、思念等) East，west，home is best.金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。(指家) China is Lucy’s second home.中国是露西的第二故乡。(指家乡、故乡)
house 意为“房屋；住宅”。指所居住的建筑物 They moved to a new house yesterday.昨天，他们搬进了新房子。(指房屋、住宅)
room 1.房间(可数名词) 2．空间(不可数名词) The room looks very nice.这个房间看起来很不错。(指房间) Can you make some room for me？你能为我留点儿空间吗？(指空间)
考点即练
选词填空
1．There will be a party for Wang Lei’s arrival at my house this weekend.
2．I saw the policeman catching a thief in the waiting room at the train station yesterday.
3．Tim was born in Germany，but he made China his second home.
4．It’s difficult to be with our family and friends forever when we become adults.
考点3　other的用法
原文再现
·...so it’s like any other night for Zhu Hui and his host family.(七下第35页2b)
考点归纳
词(组) 含义 用法 例句
other 另外的；其他的 ＋复数名词，表示除去一部分以外的另一部分，但不是剩下的全部 She always cuts in when other people are talking.当别人说话时，她总是插嘴。
the other 两者中的另一个 ＋单数可数名词，常与one连用，构成one...，the other...一个……另一个…… Mr.Brown has two children.One is a boy and the other is a girl.布朗先生有两个孩子。一个是男孩，另一个是女孩。
另一些 ＋复数名词，表示“其余的全部” Jack is taller than the other boys in his class.杰克比他班里其他男孩子都高。
any other 其他任何一个 ＋单数名词 Jack is taller than any other boy in his class.杰克比他班里其他任何一个男生都高。
others 另一些(人或物) ＝other＋复数名词，不修饰名词，表示除去一部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部 Some of us like dancing，and others like playing chess.我们中有些人喜欢跳舞，还有些人喜欢下象棋。(可能还有喜欢做其他事情的学生)
the others 其余一些(人或物) ＝the other＋复数名词，不修饰名词，表示“其余的全部” There are 45 students in our class.25 of us are boys，and the others are girls.我们班有45名学生。其中有25名男生，其余的都是女生。
another 再一，另一 ＋单数名词，泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个 I don’t like this pair of shoes.Could you please show me another pair？我不喜欢这双鞋，你能再给我拿一双吗？
考点即练
用方框中所给的词或短语填空
1．Bob scored higher than all the others in his class.
2．The twins look so similar that everyone can’t tell one from the other.
3．When you are angry，you may say or do something to hurt others.
4．(2023·云南昆明二模改编)I am hungry.I would like to have another bowl of rice noodles.
5．The headteacher expressed his congratulations to Li Ming and other students for their winning in the match.
考点4　辨析across，cross，through，over和past
原文再现
·The pay phone is across from the library.(七下第44页2a)
·So these students go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.(七下第17页2b)
考点归纳
单词 意义及用法 例句
across 表示从表面上“横跨过”，常与street，river，road，bridge等词连用 The young man can swim across the river.这名年轻人能游到河对岸。
cross 意为“横过，跨过”，用作动词，相当于go across Look both ways before you cross the street.在你过马路前先看看路两边(是否有车来)。
through 从内部空间“穿过”，往往指穿过“沙漠、森林、窗户” She walked through the forest alone.她独自一人穿过森林。
over 从某物表面之上或空间范围之上“通过，越过” Jack told me that he could jump over the desk. 杰克告诉我他能从桌子上面跳过去。
past 介词，“经过，路过”，指从旁边经过 He went past the shop in his car.他开车经过了那个商店。
考点即练
选词填空
1．—Look! Jeff is helping a blind man cross the road.
—How helpful he is! We should learn from him.
2．Rainbows are produced when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
3．During her travel，Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking past her into a village in Qinghai.
4．For years，the children have had to walk across the river to go to school.So the villagers plan to build a new bridge over the river.
5．The zebra crossing area has light strips(灯带)．When people cross the street，they flash to tell drivers to slow down and wait for zebras to go across the street.
考点5　“花费”的不同
原文再现
·I like to spend time there on weekends.(七下第47页2b)
考点归纳
考点拓展　辨析spend，pay，cost与take
单词 主语 固定结构
spend 人 (1)sb. spend some money on sth. (2)sb. spend some time (in) doing sth./on sth.
pay 人 (1)sb. pay some money for sth. (2)sb. pay for sth.
cost 物 sth. cost sb. some money
take it It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.
考点即练
选词填空
1．Running is good for health and it doesn’t cost much.
2．Winning trust is not easy as we imagine.Sometimes，it takes years even a whole life to make it.
3．Digital payment(数字支付) matters a lot more than before.We usually pay with smart phones now.
4．—What’s the article about，David
—It’s about some tricks on how to save and spend money wisely.
考点6　enjoy的用法
原文再现
·It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.(七下第47页2b)
考点归纳
考点即练
1．During ancient times，children didn’t have much time to enjoy themselves(them)．
2．When he has spare time，he enjoys reading(read) and sports.