2024年中考英语人教版一轮复习基础梳理 学案 八年级上册 Units 5－6
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| 名称 | 2024年中考英语人教版一轮复习基础梳理 学案 八年级上册 Units 5－6 |  | |
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Units 5－6
Unit 5
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.新闻(节目)news
★一条新闻a piece of news
2．v.介意；对(某事)烦恼mind
★介意做某事mind doing sth.
★没关系never mind
3．v.站立；忍受stand
→(过去式/过去分词)stood
★无法忍受做某事can’t stand doing sth.
★站立stand up
★代表stand for
4．adj.教育的；有教育意义的educational
→(v.)教育educate
→(n.)教育education
5．v.& n．打算；计划plan
→(现在分词)planning
→(过去式/过去分词)planned
★打算做某事plan to do sth.
★制定计划make a plan/make plans
6．v.& n．希望hope
→(adj.)满怀希望的hopeful
→(adj.)无望的hopeless
★希望做某事hope to do sth.
7．n.讨论；商量discussion
→(v.)讨论discuss
★就……进行讨论have a discussion about
8．v.发生；出现happen
★某人发生某事sth. happen to sb.
★碰巧做某事happen to do sth.
9．v.预料；期待expect
★期望做某事expect to do sth.
★期望某人做某事expect sb. to do sth.
10．n.笑话；玩笑joke
★笑话某人play a joke on sb.
★讲笑话tell a joke/tell jokes
11．adj.毫无意义的；意思不明确的meaningless
→(n.)意义meaning
→(v.)意思是mean
12．n.行动action
★动作影片action movie
13．n.卡通片；动画片cartoon
14．n.文化；文明culture
→(adj.)文化的cultural
15．adj.著名的；出名的famous
★因为……而著名be famous for
★作为……而著名be famous as
16．v.出现appear
→(反义词)消失disappear
17．v.变成；开始变得become
→(过去式)became→(过去分词)become
→(现在分词)becoming
18．adj.富有的rich
★有钱人the rich
熟词生义： ①adj.肥沃的；富饶的 Usually they get these important nutrients 营养 from the rich soil 土壤 in which they’re planted. 淄博中考 通常它们会从它们生长的肥沃的土壤中得到这些重要的营养。 ②adj.油腻的 Try to lose your weight.Avoid eating rich food. 泰安中考 试着减肥。避免吃油腻的食物。
19．adj.获得成功的；有成就的successful
→(n.)成功success
→(adv.)成功地successfully
→(v.)成功succeed
20．modal v．可能；可以；也许might
21．adj.主要的；最重要的main
→(adv.)主要地mainly
22．n.原因；理由reason
→(adj.)有道理的reasonable
★无缘无故地for no reason
23．adj.普通的；常见的common
★共有的；共用的in common
24．n.电影film
★去看电影go to the film
熟词生义：v.拍摄电影 The movie The Sound of Music was filmed around this area. 山西中考 电影《音乐之声》就是在这个地区拍摄的。
25．adj.不幸的；不吉利的unlucky
26．v.失去；丢失lose
→(过去式/过去分词)lost
→(现在分词)losing
→(反义词)发现；找到find
★迷路lose one’s way
27．adj.准备好的；愿意的ready
★愿意(做某事)；准备好(做某事)be ready to (do sth.)
★为某事做好准备be ready for sth.
28．adj.简单的；易做的simple
→(adv.)简单地；仅仅simply
29．n.陆军部队；陆军army
★参军join the army
※要求理解的单词
sitcom n．情景喜剧
comedy n．喜剧；喜剧片
girlfriend n．女朋友
character n．人物；角色
※要求掌握的短语
干得好do a good job
访谈节目talk show
体育节目sports show
游戏节目game show
一天one day
出版come out
在20世纪30年代in the 1930s
查明；弄清find out
肥皂剧soap opera
装扮；乔装打扮dress up
代替；替换①take sb.’s place
②take the place of sb.
Unit 6
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．v.烹饪；煮；做(饭)；n.厨师cook
2．n.医生doctor
★看医生①go to a doctor
②see a doctor
★在诊所at the doctor’s
3．n.工程师engineer
4．n.小提琴手violinist
→(n.)小提琴violin
5．n.驾驶员；司机driver
→(v.)驾驶drive
6．n.飞行员pilot
7．n.钢琴家pianist
→(n.)钢琴piano
8．n.科学家scientist
→(n.)科学science
→(adj.)科学的scientific
9．n.学院；大学；高等专科学校college
10．n.教育education
11．n.药；医学medicine
→(adj.)医学的medical
★吃药take medicine
12．n.(综合性)大学；高等学府university
★去上大学go to university
13．伦敦London
14．n.文章；论文article
15．v.邮寄；发送send
→(过去式/过去分词)sent
★派人去请send for
★把某物寄给某人①send sb. sth.
②send sth. to sb.
16．n.队；组team
★成为足球队的一员make the soccer team
★在足球队on the soccer team
17．adj.外国的foreign
→(n.)外国人foreigner
18．adj.能够able
→(反义词)不能unable
→(n.)能力；才能ability
→(adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的disabled
★能够做某事be able to do sth.
19．n.承诺；诺言；v.许诺；承诺promise
★向某人承诺①make promises to sb.
②promise sb.
★承诺做某事promise to do sth.
20．n.开头；开端beginning
→(v.)开始begin
★在……开始at the beginning of
21．v.改进；改善improve
→(n.)改善improvement
22．adj.身体的physical
→(n.)物理physics
★身体的健康physical health
23．pron.他(她、它)们自己themselves
24．n.业余爱好hobby
→(复数)hobbies
25．v.用颜料画；在……上刷油漆paint
→(n.)油画painting
→(n.)画家；油漆匠painter
熟词生义：n.油漆；油漆涂层；颜料；涂料 In 1977，Michael Carmichael created the biggest ball of paint. 桂林中考 1977年，迈克尔·卡迈克尔创造了最大的油漆球。
26．adj.& adv.每周的(地)weekly
27．n.学校作业；功课schoolwork
28．n.问题；v.表示疑问；怀疑；提问；质询question
29．n.意义；意思meaning
★……的意义the meaning of
30．v.讨论；商量discuss
31．adj.& pron.自己的；本人的；v.拥有own
→(n.)主人，物主owner
★某人自己的one’s own
32．adj.个人的；私人的personal
33．n.关系；联系relationship
※要求理解的单词
resolution n．决心；决定
self-improvement n．自我改进；自我提高
※要求掌握的短语
长大；成长；成熟grow up
计算机程序设计员；编程人员computer programmer
上表演课take acting lessons
不同种类的different kinds of
由于这个原因for this reason
确信；对……有把握be sure about
确保；查明make sure
关于；与……有关系have to do with
学着做；开始做take up
写下；记录下write down
考点1 mind的用法
原文再现
·I don’t mind them.(八上第33页1c)
考点归纳
考点即练
1．Sorry，hamburgers in our shop have been sold out.Do you mind cance(l)ling(cancel) your order
2．When the man deeply felt that he could not serve his country well，he made up his mind to study(study) hard.
考点2 辨析hope，wish与expect
原文再现
·Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world.(八上第34页2c)
·What can you expect to learn from the news？(八上第35页3b)
考点归纳
考点即练
选词填空
I had never expected that my dream to be a doctor could come true easily.But sometimes I wished there was no one to compete for the position of doctors.However，that’s not real.Then I worked really hard.I hoped I could continue to make progress and get better grades.I’m looking forward to getting the offer.
考点3 happen的用法
原文再现
·I like to follow the story and see what happens next.(八上第34页2d)
考点归纳
考点拓展 辨析happen与take place
相同点 两者都没有被动语态
不同点 happen指偶然发生，具有不可预测性，主语一般是物。 常见用法：sth. happened to sb.“某事发生在某人身上”
take place指事先计划好或预先布置而发生，指某个确定事件
考点即练
选词填空
1．Never give up no matter what happens.
2．The twenty-fourth Beijing Winter Olympic Games took place on February 4,2022.
3．In someone’s opinion，Edison happened to achieve success.In fact，he failed many times before being successful.
考点4 with的用法
原文再现
·We all know and love the black mouse with two large round ears—Mickey Mouse.(八上第37页2b)
·...，it was the first cartoon with sound and music.(八上第37页2b)
考点归纳
“with＋n./pron./复合宾语”的用法
可在句中作状语、表语和定语等成分 意为“和……一起”，表示伴随、跟随
意为“带有……；具有……”，表示所有、附带
意为“用……”，表示使用某种工具或身体某一部位
意为“随着……”，表示伴随情况
意为“在……身上”，take...with sb.随身携带……
意为“对于；关于”，be angry/pleased/satisfied with sb.对某人生气/高兴/满意
考点即练
在空白处填入适当的单词
1．She is flying to England with her family.
2．She didn’t take any money with her.
3．In summer I like to sleep with the windows open.
考点5 promise的用法
原文再现
·Most of the time，we make promises to other people.(八上第45页2b)
·Mom，I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school.(八上第45页2b)
考点归纳
考点即练
1．(2023·河北二模)The book is a gift from your mom for my birthday，so you must promise _____ good care of it.
A．taking B．to take
C．took D．take
答案 B
2．—You have made a ，so you have to keep it.
—Sure.You can trust me.I won’t tell others.
A．promise B．list
C．choice D．decision
答案 A
Unit 5
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．n.新闻(节目)news
★一条新闻a piece of news
2．v.介意；对(某事)烦恼mind
★介意做某事mind doing sth.
★没关系never mind
3．v.站立；忍受stand
→(过去式/过去分词)stood
★无法忍受做某事can’t stand doing sth.
★站立stand up
★代表stand for
4．adj.教育的；有教育意义的educational
→(v.)教育educate
→(n.)教育education
5．v.& n．打算；计划plan
→(现在分词)planning
→(过去式/过去分词)planned
★打算做某事plan to do sth.
★制定计划make a plan/make plans
6．v.& n．希望hope
→(adj.)满怀希望的hopeful
→(adj.)无望的hopeless
★希望做某事hope to do sth.
7．n.讨论；商量discussion
→(v.)讨论discuss
★就……进行讨论have a discussion about
8．v.发生；出现happen
★某人发生某事sth. happen to sb.
★碰巧做某事happen to do sth.
9．v.预料；期待expect
★期望做某事expect to do sth.
★期望某人做某事expect sb. to do sth.
10．n.笑话；玩笑joke
★笑话某人play a joke on sb.
★讲笑话tell a joke/tell jokes
11．adj.毫无意义的；意思不明确的meaningless
→(n.)意义meaning
→(v.)意思是mean
12．n.行动action
★动作影片action movie
13．n.卡通片；动画片cartoon
14．n.文化；文明culture
→(adj.)文化的cultural
15．adj.著名的；出名的famous
★因为……而著名be famous for
★作为……而著名be famous as
16．v.出现appear
→(反义词)消失disappear
17．v.变成；开始变得become
→(过去式)became→(过去分词)become
→(现在分词)becoming
18．adj.富有的rich
★有钱人the rich
熟词生义： ①adj.肥沃的；富饶的 Usually they get these important nutrients 营养 from the rich soil 土壤 in which they’re planted. 淄博中考 通常它们会从它们生长的肥沃的土壤中得到这些重要的营养。 ②adj.油腻的 Try to lose your weight.Avoid eating rich food. 泰安中考 试着减肥。避免吃油腻的食物。
19．adj.获得成功的；有成就的successful
→(n.)成功success
→(adv.)成功地successfully
→(v.)成功succeed
20．modal v．可能；可以；也许might
21．adj.主要的；最重要的main
→(adv.)主要地mainly
22．n.原因；理由reason
→(adj.)有道理的reasonable
★无缘无故地for no reason
23．adj.普通的；常见的common
★共有的；共用的in common
24．n.电影film
★去看电影go to the film
熟词生义：v.拍摄电影 The movie The Sound of Music was filmed around this area. 山西中考 电影《音乐之声》就是在这个地区拍摄的。
25．adj.不幸的；不吉利的unlucky
26．v.失去；丢失lose
→(过去式/过去分词)lost
→(现在分词)losing
→(反义词)发现；找到find
★迷路lose one’s way
27．adj.准备好的；愿意的ready
★愿意(做某事)；准备好(做某事)be ready to (do sth.)
★为某事做好准备be ready for sth.
28．adj.简单的；易做的simple
→(adv.)简单地；仅仅simply
29．n.陆军部队；陆军army
★参军join the army
※要求理解的单词
sitcom n．情景喜剧
comedy n．喜剧；喜剧片
girlfriend n．女朋友
character n．人物；角色
※要求掌握的短语
干得好do a good job
访谈节目talk show
体育节目sports show
游戏节目game show
一天one day
出版come out
在20世纪30年代in the 1930s
查明；弄清find out
肥皂剧soap opera
装扮；乔装打扮dress up
代替；替换①take sb.’s place
②take the place of sb.
Unit 6
※要求掌握的单词及用法
1．v.烹饪；煮；做(饭)；n.厨师cook
2．n.医生doctor
★看医生①go to a doctor
②see a doctor
★在诊所at the doctor’s
3．n.工程师engineer
4．n.小提琴手violinist
→(n.)小提琴violin
5．n.驾驶员；司机driver
→(v.)驾驶drive
6．n.飞行员pilot
7．n.钢琴家pianist
→(n.)钢琴piano
8．n.科学家scientist
→(n.)科学science
→(adj.)科学的scientific
9．n.学院；大学；高等专科学校college
10．n.教育education
11．n.药；医学medicine
→(adj.)医学的medical
★吃药take medicine
12．n.(综合性)大学；高等学府university
★去上大学go to university
13．伦敦London
14．n.文章；论文article
15．v.邮寄；发送send
→(过去式/过去分词)sent
★派人去请send for
★把某物寄给某人①send sb. sth.
②send sth. to sb.
16．n.队；组team
★成为足球队的一员make the soccer team
★在足球队on the soccer team
17．adj.外国的foreign
→(n.)外国人foreigner
18．adj.能够able
→(反义词)不能unable
→(n.)能力；才能ability
→(adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的disabled
★能够做某事be able to do sth.
19．n.承诺；诺言；v.许诺；承诺promise
★向某人承诺①make promises to sb.
②promise sb.
★承诺做某事promise to do sth.
20．n.开头；开端beginning
→(v.)开始begin
★在……开始at the beginning of
21．v.改进；改善improve
→(n.)改善improvement
22．adj.身体的physical
→(n.)物理physics
★身体的健康physical health
23．pron.他(她、它)们自己themselves
24．n.业余爱好hobby
→(复数)hobbies
25．v.用颜料画；在……上刷油漆paint
→(n.)油画painting
→(n.)画家；油漆匠painter
熟词生义：n.油漆；油漆涂层；颜料；涂料 In 1977，Michael Carmichael created the biggest ball of paint. 桂林中考 1977年，迈克尔·卡迈克尔创造了最大的油漆球。
26．adj.& adv.每周的(地)weekly
27．n.学校作业；功课schoolwork
28．n.问题；v.表示疑问；怀疑；提问；质询question
29．n.意义；意思meaning
★……的意义the meaning of
30．v.讨论；商量discuss
31．adj.& pron.自己的；本人的；v.拥有own
→(n.)主人，物主owner
★某人自己的one’s own
32．adj.个人的；私人的personal
33．n.关系；联系relationship
※要求理解的单词
resolution n．决心；决定
self-improvement n．自我改进；自我提高
※要求掌握的短语
长大；成长；成熟grow up
计算机程序设计员；编程人员computer programmer
上表演课take acting lessons
不同种类的different kinds of
由于这个原因for this reason
确信；对……有把握be sure about
确保；查明make sure
关于；与……有关系have to do with
学着做；开始做take up
写下；记录下write down
考点1 mind的用法
原文再现
·I don’t mind them.(八上第33页1c)
考点归纳
考点即练
1．Sorry，hamburgers in our shop have been sold out.Do you mind cance(l)ling(cancel) your order
2．When the man deeply felt that he could not serve his country well，he made up his mind to study(study) hard.
考点2 辨析hope，wish与expect
原文再现
·Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world.(八上第34页2c)
·What can you expect to learn from the news？(八上第35页3b)
考点归纳
考点即练
选词填空
I had never expected that my dream to be a doctor could come true easily.But sometimes I wished there was no one to compete for the position of doctors.However，that’s not real.Then I worked really hard.I hoped I could continue to make progress and get better grades.I’m looking forward to getting the offer.
考点3 happen的用法
原文再现
·I like to follow the story and see what happens next.(八上第34页2d)
考点归纳
考点拓展 辨析happen与take place
相同点 两者都没有被动语态
不同点 happen指偶然发生，具有不可预测性，主语一般是物。 常见用法：sth. happened to sb.“某事发生在某人身上”
take place指事先计划好或预先布置而发生，指某个确定事件
考点即练
选词填空
1．Never give up no matter what happens.
2．The twenty-fourth Beijing Winter Olympic Games took place on February 4,2022.
3．In someone’s opinion，Edison happened to achieve success.In fact，he failed many times before being successful.
考点4 with的用法
原文再现
·We all know and love the black mouse with two large round ears—Mickey Mouse.(八上第37页2b)
·...，it was the first cartoon with sound and music.(八上第37页2b)
考点归纳
“with＋n./pron./复合宾语”的用法
可在句中作状语、表语和定语等成分 意为“和……一起”，表示伴随、跟随
意为“带有……；具有……”，表示所有、附带
意为“用……”，表示使用某种工具或身体某一部位
意为“随着……”，表示伴随情况
意为“在……身上”，take...with sb.随身携带……
意为“对于；关于”，be angry/pleased/satisfied with sb.对某人生气/高兴/满意
考点即练
在空白处填入适当的单词
1．She is flying to England with her family.
2．She didn’t take any money with her.
3．In summer I like to sleep with the windows open.
考点5 promise的用法
原文再现
·Most of the time，we make promises to other people.(八上第45页2b)
·Mom，I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school.(八上第45页2b)
考点归纳
考点即练
1．(2023·河北二模)The book is a gift from your mom for my birthday，so you must promise _____ good care of it.
A．taking B．to take
C．took D．take
答案 B
2．—You have made a ，so you have to keep it.
—Sure.You can trust me.I won’t tell others.
A．promise B．list
C．choice D．decision
答案 A