Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 知识点讲解-八年级英语下册同步精品课件（人教版）

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核心考点讲练
Unit 3
Could you please clean your room
Could you please后加动词原形表示委婉的请求。
肯定回答常用Sure/Certainly/Of course.
否定回答常用Sorry, I can’t.
一般不用No回答，用No显得态度生硬，不礼貌。
注：could是情态动词can的过去式，但在本句中Could you do… 不表示过去，而是用以表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气。
could与can的区别
could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求。但是用法稍有不同。
could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈，下级对上级的场合。
e.g. —Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia
—Sure.
can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈，上级对下级的场合；
e.g. Can you tell us your story, Tony
Tony, could you please help out with a few things
e.g. I sometimes help out in the kitchen.
我有时候在厨房帮忙。
help out 在某人繁忙或遇到困难时“给予帮助”。
e.g. Can you help me out
你能帮我一把吗？
They helped (us) out with the clean-up.
他们帮助我们做大扫除。
He helped me out with my task.
他帮我完成了任务。
help和out之间还可以加入具体的“人”。
2. Could I at least finish watching this show
可以至少让我看完这个电视节目吗？
e.g. We should brush our teeth at least twice a day. （翻译）
我们每天应该至少刷两次牙。
at least 至少
3. Yes, because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now. （翻译）
be back 回来
any minute now 随时；马上；在任何时刻
表示事情有可能在极短的时间内发生。在这一结构中，minute还可以用second, moment, time等词替换。
e.g. I won’t be back till 11:00. （翻译）
我11点以前回不来。
e.g. Don’t worry, he will come here any minute now.
别担心, 他会马上来这儿。
是的，但是妈妈买完东西随时会回来。
The guests are arriving any time now but we’re still not ready.
(翻译)
客人即刻就到，但我们还没有准备好。
We’re expecting them any moment now. (翻译)
我们期待他们随时到来。
e.g. Don't throw away the waste paper. We can collect and recycle it.
1. I threw down my bag and went to the living room.
我撂下书包来到客厅。
throw v. 扔；掷 过去式：threw
throw sb. sth. / throw sth. to sb.
e.g. Could you throw me that towel
He threw his shirt to his brother.
Throw the ball to your sister.
throw away 扔掉；丢弃
1) — Sam, let's _______ these old things. I don't need them anymore.
— No. We can try to put them to good use.
A. pull down B. fix up C. hand out D. throw away
2) —Every year, millions of plastic bottles _______ away,
polluting the land and waterways.
—That’s terrible. We should protect our environment.
A. threw B. are thrown
C. have thrown D. were thrown
D
【语境应用】单项选择。
B
2. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over. 我刚坐在电视前面，我妈就走过来。
=My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.
【语境应用】完成句子。
他一来，我就告诉他这个消息。
I’ll tell him the news ______________________ he comes.
the minute /as soon as
the minute = as soon as 一……就……
e.g. The minute / As soon as I came home, I turned on the TV.
我一回家就打开电视。
3. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! (翻译)
你成天看电视，在家从不帮忙！
e.g. I’ve kept on thinking about that all the time.
我一直惦记着这件事。
Follow that man and keep him in sight all the time.
跟着那个人, 一直盯着他。
all the time（在该段时间内）一直；向来，一向；
时时刻刻；每时每刻
ahead of time 提前
at the same time 同时
at times 有时候
take (one’s) time 慢慢来；不着急
for a time 一时；一下子
from time to time 不时地
have a good / hard time 过得愉快 / 艰难
in no time 马上；立即；一会儿
in time 及时地
on time 按时；准时
【语境应用】选择以上time短语完成下列句子。
1) The flowers were so lovely that they were sold ______________.
2) Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he ______________ passing the exam.
3) If the train is ______________ it should arrive at three o’clock exactly.
4) Whenever I have an appointment I always like to arrive a little ______________.
5) I keep practicing and I’m improving ______________.
in no time
had a hard time
on time
ahead of time
all the time
4. I’m just as tired as you are! (翻译)
我和你一样累！
e.g. He didn’t act as well as you.
他表现得不如你好。
as + adj. / adv. + as “和……一样”
同级比较。第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。
e.g. This film is as funny as that one.
这部电影和那部电影一样搞笑。
Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.
你的钢笔写起来和我的一样流畅。
否定结构：not as/so + adj./adv. + as
Mind health is as ________ as body health.
important B. more important
C. the most important
(2023湖南岳阳中考)
B
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
(翻译)
neither adv.也不 常用于固定结构“neither+系动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词+主语”中。
pron. 两者都不 常与介词of 连用，也可以单独使用
neither of ... 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式也可用复数形式。
adj. 两者都不 置于单数可数名词之前，此时谓语动词用单数形式。
conj. 常用于 neither ... nor ... 结构中，表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分；
当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词通常要与nor 后面的代词或名词在人称和数上保持一致。
整整一周她没有干任何家务，我也没干。
e.g. My sister doesn’t like green and neither do I. (adv.)
I can neither sing nor dance. (adv.)
Neither of them like / likes tigers. (pron.)
Neither pen is Bob’s. (adj.)
Neither Linda's mother nor his father spoke English. (conj.)
both, either, neither, all 和none
代词 用法 谓语形式
both 都(＝2)，表肯定含义 复数
all 都(≥3)，表肯定含义 复数
neither 都不(＝2)，表否定含义 单数
none 都不(≥3)，表否定含义 根据指代的名词可数或不可数来判断
either 两者中任意一个，表肯定含义 单数
1) It’s a pity that _________ my father_________ my mother has time to attend my school-leavers’ party.
A. either; or B. neither; nor
C. both; and D. not only; but also
(2023辽宁营口中考)
B
2) _________my friends _________ I like playing computer games because we think it wastes time.
A. Both; and B. not only; but also
C. Either; or D. Neither; nor (2023贵州黔东南、黔南、黔西南三州中考)
D
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 他们俩都不喜欢老虎。
________ ________ ________ ____________ tigers.
2) 两个女孩都不矮。
________ ________ ________ short.
3) 我不做运动，我妹妹也不做。
I don’t do sports and ________ ________ my sister.
4) 我和刘辉都不擅长唱歌。
________ Liu Hui ________ I ________ good at singing.
Neither nor am
Neither of them like / likes
Neither girl is
neither does
hate v. 憎恨，厌恶，不喜欢
e.g. Lily hates mice / them.
Jim hated exercising when he was young.
I hate to wash the clothes now.
其后可接名词、代词、动词的-ing形式以及动词不定式等。
1. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. (翻译)
in order to (=so as to) 为了
(其否定式分别为：in order not to和so as not to)
e.g. He came home early in order to / so as to see the children before they went to bed.
I agreed to her suggestion in order not to / so as not to upset her.
他们应该花时间在功课上，以取得好成绩，考上一所好大学。
e.g. My brother does exercise every day in order to / so as to keep healthy.
Jack works hard so that / in order that he can pass the exam next month.
so that与in order to意思接近，但是in order to后面接动词原形而且可以位于句首，而so that后面接从句并且一般不能位于句首，相当于in order that。
1) 为了解决这个问题，我们应该做些什么呢？ (in order to)
_________________________________________________
2) 他乘坐飞机以便早点回家。 (so that)
_________________________________________________
3) 为了学好英语，他交了一个美国朋友。 (so as to)
_________________________________________________
4) 他们走得很快，以便保持温暖。 (in order that)
_________________________________________________
【语境运用】根据所给提示将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。
What should we do in order to solve the problem
He took the plane so that he could get home early.
He made an American friend so as to learn English well.
They walked very fast in order that they could keep warm.
It is one’s job (duty, …) to do sth.
做某事是某人的工作(职责等)
e.g. It’s every teacher’s job to explain things clearly to the students. 把东西给学生讲明白是每一位老师的职责。
2. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. (翻译)
在家为自己的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的职责。
it为形式主语, 真正的主语是不定式短语to provide …for their children。
provide v. 提供；供应 (表示提供需要或有用的东西)
provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.
给某人提供某物
e.g. The movie theater provides us with good service.
这家电影院为我们提供优质服务。
The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for guests.
该宾馆为客人提供擦鞋服务。
◆offer常用于以下短语：
① offer sb. sth. / offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
e.g. Linda offered the boy some food.
= Linda offered some food to the boy.
② offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
e.g. Mike offered to help his mom clean the house yesterday.
【语境应用】选用offer或provide并用其适当形式填空。
1) The Internet can ________ us with all kinds of information.
2) Anna’s school ________ her a very good chance last year.
3) Can you ________ fifteen rooms for thirty people
4) Parents always try to ________ a comfortable environment for their children.
5) Our friends ________ rooms and some delicious foods to us yesterday.
provide
offered
provide
provide
offered
anyway adv. 尽管如此；不管怎样(可位于句首或句尾，修饰整个句子，常用于转换话题)
e.g. We're not perfect, but it doesn't really matter anyway. 我们并不完美，但这并不重要。
Anyway, let’s forget about that for the moment.
不管怎样，此刻我们先把它放一边。
3. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. (翻译)
反正我想干点家务琐事也没多难。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 水很冷，不过我还是冲了个淋浴。
The water was cold but __________________________.
2) 这个办法可能行不通，不管怎样，让我们试试吧。
This idea probably won’t work.
___________________________________.
I took a shower anyway
Let’s try it anyway / Anyway, let’s try it
e.g. The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.
The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potato.
I don't know if we can help—it all depends.
The country has made great advances since independence.
that / it (all) depends. 那要看情况而定。
independence n. 独立；自主
4. Children these days depend on their parents too much. (翻译)
现在的孩子过于依赖家长。
depend v. 依靠；信赖
depend on 依靠；信赖；视……而定；取决于
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我不一定去。这要看我累不累。
I might not go. ___________________ I am.
2) 你不能永远依赖父母。
You can’t ______________________ forever.
3) 教学质量取决于班级规模吗？
Does the quality of teaching __________________
4) 那个国家于1960年获得独立。
That country ______________________ in 1960.
depend on your parents
depend on class size
won / got independence
It depends how tired
develop v. 发展；培养
e.g. Some children develop more slowly than others. The aim is to develop your personal skills.
development n. 发展
developing adj. 发展中的
developed adj. 发达的
5. Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. (翻译)
干些家务琐事可以帮助发展孩子的独立性，教他们如何照顾自己。
【语境应用】用develop的适当形式完成句子。
1) With the ______________ of our country, our life has improved a lot.
3) We must do our best to ________ our reading skills.
2) The company can offer a number of opportunities for career _____________.
4) China is a __________ country, but I believe it will become a
___________ country.
development
development
develop
developing
developed
6. As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. (翻译)
ill, sick
相同点 生病的，都可作表语。
e.g. Alice was ill / sick yesterday.
爱丽丝昨天生病了。
不同点 表“生病”时，sick可作定语，但ill不作定语。
e.g. Could you help the sick girl
你能帮帮那个生病的女孩吗？
结果，他经常生病，成绩下滑。
【语境应用】用ill或sick完成句子。
1) The driver sent the ________ baby to the hospital.
2) My brother is ________. I have to look after him at home.
3) Virginia had a ________ feeling in her stomach.
ill / sick
sick
sick
“the+比较级, the+比较级” 越……, 就越……
e.g. The higher you climb up the mountain, the colder you’ll feel.
越往山上爬，你就会感到越冷。
7. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. (翻译)
孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
（2023四川达州中考）
—Who is your best friend, Linda
—Mary. She always helps me ________ the best in me. The
longer I stay with her, ________ I will be.
look out, the more confident
B. bring out, the more confident
C. bring out, the less confident
B