2024年中考英语人教版一轮复习专题突破 学案 题型五　读写综合——回答问题

题型五　读写综合
从2020年开始，广东中考英语的读写综合在形式上有所变化，其中，A部分的“信息归纳”改为“回答问题”，分值由5分增加为10分；B部分仍然是“书面表达”，分值为15分。此题型实际上是阅读与写作的有机结合，在考查考生用英语获取信息、处理信息、加工信息能力的基础上又考查考生用英语进行思考和表达的能力，是对考生综合能力的考查，尤其考查考生的语言理解能力、主观表达能力和逻辑推理能力，是一类区分度较大的题型。2023年读写综合中的书面表达有所变化，由之前的直接文字提示改为思维导图提示。
回答问题
该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言能力、理解能力和社会经验等方面能力的结合。5个问题的设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。疑问句类型主要有：(1)特殊疑问句；(2)一般疑问句；(3)选择疑问句。
年份 题号 考点 话题 主题 学科素养
2023 76 who询问人 (细节理解题) 梦的形成和作用 人与自我 思维品质(提升自我认识)
77 when询问时间 (细节理解题)
78 where询问地方 (细节理解题)
79 what询问信息 (细节理解题)
80 which询问信息 (细节理解题)
2022 76 when询问时间 (细节理解题) 卫生与健康：就如何保持健康锻炼提出建议 人与社会(白天运动使人身心更健康) 思维品质(培养辩证思维)
77 what询问信息 (细节理解题)
78 what询问动作 (细节理解题)
79 how often询问频率 (细节理解题)
80 who询问人 (细节理解题)
2021 76 from whom询问人 (细节理解题) 通信：古往今来世界各地人们获取信息方式的变化 人与社会(科技发展给人们带来的便利) 思维品质(培养思辨能力)
77 where询问方位 (信息对称题)
78 what询问事件 (细节理解题)
79 when询问时间 (时间信息题)
80 how询问方式 (细节理解题)
(2023·广东)
Dreams may make you smart.This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams. What is a dream exactly Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day.It tries to connect your new experiences with the old memories(记忆)．As your brain connects things，it turns them into a story，and then you get a dream. Dreams may help you deal with worries and fears.What has happened during the day may be painful.While you are sleeping，however，the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space.There the bad memories become less painful.And you will feel better after waking up. Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn.This idea is supported by a study.So scientists advise you not to stay up all night studying，especially when an exam is coming.They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks. Dreams may make you more creative，too.It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream，and wrote it down as soon as he woke up.However，dreams alone can’t bring about creativity.In fact，the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream.In a word，hard work matters more for creativity，though dreams also have a role to play.
76．Who discovered that dreams may make you smart
答案　Scientists who do research on dreams (discovered it)．
解析　根据第一段中“This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams.”可知，这个结论是研究梦的科学家发现的。
77．When does the brain review your experiences in the day
答案　During sleep time.
解析　根据第二段中“Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day.”可知，是在睡眠期间，大脑会回顾一天的经历。
78．Where does the brain replay the painful memories
答案　In a safe dream space.
解析　根据第三段中“While you are sleeping，however，the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space.”可知，大脑会在一个安全的梦境空间里回放痛苦的记忆。
79．What might help you get higher marks according to the passage
答案　A sweet dream.
解析　根据第四段中“They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks.”可知，一个甜蜜的梦会帮助你得到高分。
80．Which matters more for creativity，hard work or dreams
答案　Hard work.
解析　根据最后一段中“In a word，hard work matters more for creativity，though dreams also have a role to play.”可知，努力工作对于创造力更重要。
技能1　特殊疑问句的设问
what 对主语提问 (2023·广东79) —What might help you get higher marks according to the passage —A sweet dream.
对宾语提问 (2022·广东77) —What is Dr.Yang’s research about —Sports and sleep.
对表语提问 —What is Bruce —He is most probably a student of Grade Eight.
对动作的提问 (2022·广东78) —What does Dr.Yang usually do after he gets up —He usually takes a walk outside.
who 对主语提问 (2023·广东76) —Who discovered that dreams may make you smart —Scientists who do research on dreams(discovered it)．
whom 对宾语提问 (2021·广东76) —From whom did people living in tribes get news —People living in tribes got news from neighbors or travelers.
why 对原因提问(用Because＋句子回答) —Why are libraries less popular than before —Because people prefer to use the Internet to find out information，rather than books.
which 对具体信息提问 (2023·广东80) —Which matters more for creativity，hard work or dreams —Hard work.
when 对时间提问 (2023·广东77) —When does the brain review your experiences in the day —During sleep time.
where 对地点提问 (2023·广东78) —Where does the brain replay the painful memories —In a safe dream space.
how 对方式提问 (2021·广东80) —How can we become some kind of reporters now —We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around us.
对感受提问 —How did the writer feel about his first period of training —Practical and helpful.
How＋形容词/副词……？ How many...？询问可数名词的数量 —How many clubs are there in the school —More than 50 clubs.
How long...？询问时间或长度 —How long were they told to carry their bags —A week.
How old... 询问年龄 —How old was Du when she did a little research to solve the problem —At the age of 12./When she was 12 years old.
How far...询问距离 —How far is it from the Moon to the Earth —It is over 380,000 kilometers.
How much...？询问价格或不可数名词的数量 —Chart Ⅰ shows the reading time on chatting app is more than that on newspapers. —How much more time —(It’s) 12.85 minutes.
How often...？询问频率 (2022·广东79) —How often should students do outdoor exercise in many schools —Once or twice a day.
技能2　一般疑问句的设问：用Yes/No回答
—Is Broadway famous for its big theaters
—Yes，it is./Yes.
—Did Johnny want to grow his own vegetables
—Yes，he did./Yes.
技能3　选择疑问句的设问：选什么答什么
(2022·广东76)
—According to Dr.Yang，when is it better to exercise，in the day or at night
—In the day.
(一)
Birdwatching is a fun hobby for many people.Birdwatchers like to look at birds in the wild.They usually take photos and record the birds’ sounds to learn about them.Prayitno Goenarto，a 31-year-old birdwatcher from Indonesia，is one of them.
When Prayitno Goenarto was a college student，he was sick.His doctor advised him to go outdoors more often.Then he decided to take photos of birds.Once，he took a photo of a small songbird.Knowing little about birds，he called it a sparrow(麻雀) online.Soon，someone corrected him.It made Goenarto embarrassed and finally created his lifelong interest in birdwatching and photography.
Goenarto and his coworkers went to Boano，a faraway island in Indonesia，to research an endangered bird species(种类)．It was one of his most exciting journeys.The journey was hard.They were cold and wet for nearly the whole journey because it rained hard every afternoon in Boano.But they were able to do a lot of research on the species in excitement.
In Goenarto’s opinion，such photos of birds can also help people learn to protect animals.“Wildlife photography can capture(捕捉) wonderful moments in nature，” Goenarto said.“They encourage people to learn more about what is out there and why it’s worth saving.”
1．What do birdwatchers usually do to learn about birds
They usually take photos and record the birds’ sounds to learn about them.
2．Who advised Goenarto to go outdoors more often
His doctor.
3．Why did Goenarto and his coworkers go to Boano
Because they went to research an endangered bird species.
4．How was the weather in Boano during Goenarto’s journey
It rained hard every afternoon.
5．What does Goenarto think of the photos of birds
They can help people learn to protect animals.
(二)
When summer comes，we all want to go outdoors.But maybe picnics and badminton are not exciting enough.Would you like to try something more exciting
Rock climbing is a fun sport.Luo Yingcheng’s first rock climbing experience was with a friend.At that time，he didn’t even know what rock climbing was.But his friend told him to focus on the next rock without thinking about anything else.Luo’s father，a fan of outdoor sports，always encourages him.He often takes Luo to try rock climbing and trains him.Now，Luo is good at rock climbing.
Who doesn’t dream of flying like a bird？While Shi was flying in the sky with a paragliding instructor(滑翔教练) for the first time，he felt nervous because he knew nothing about paragliding.After it，he had two-month training and he quite enjoys the sport.
Have you ever thought about snorkeling(浮潜) in the sea？Yin Peixin once snorkeled with her family in Thailand.They visited a beach there.The sand was soft and the waves brushed against the beach.When Yin dived down，she took lots of pictures with her underwater camera and fell in love with the underwater world.It’s a great place to enjoy the vacation.
1．Who often encourages and trains Luo Yingcheng to do rock climbing
His father.
2．How long did Shi spend on the paragliding training
For two months.
3．Where did Yin Peixin snorkel with her family
In Thailand.
4．What did Yin Peixin do after diving into the water
She took lots of pictures with her underwater camera.
5．How many open-air activities are mainly talked about in the passage
Three.
(三)
(2023·揭阳一模改编)
“What breaks your heart？” At the age of 12，Vance told her best friend，“Seeing people who need a friend breaks my heart.I’ve been lonely myself.I don’t want Buddy others to feel that way.” One year later，Vance learned about “buddy benches(伙伴长椅)” at a summer camp.These benches are seats in a school playground.A lonely child can sit on it，which shows that he or she is in need of a friend. She loved this idea.“It would be really cool to have buddy benches at my school，” Vance said.Then she got into action immediately.She collected 725 kilograms of bottle caps and found a company to turn the caps into benches for her school.According to Vance，these recycled benches cost much less than regular park benches and are good for the environment. In order to teach others to follow her project，Vance made a online page.She was surprised that her small project has received encouragement and support from people around the world.Besides China and America，she even received bottle caps from Germany，Australia and Israel. Today，Vance has helped make 200 recycled benches in schools and neighborhoods.“I just look forward to making a difference，” she said，“and encouraging other people to make a difference.”
1．Who did Vance tell what broke her heart
She told her best friend what broke her heart.
2．What does it show if a lonely child sits on a buddy bench
It shows that he or she is in need of a friend.
3．What did Vance collect to make the benches
She collected 725 kilograms of bottle caps to make the benches.
4．How did Vance teach others to follow her project
She taught others to follow her project by making a online page.
5．How many countries did Vance receive bottle caps from
She received bottle caps from five countries.
(四)
Since 2017，Jiading，Shanghai has been building community libraries under the “Home Study” program，to encourage more reading among its 1.6 million local people.
Community libraries got help from local people and companies.Sometimes，local companies provide space for free，leaving local government to pay for the decoration(装修)．Community volunteers also often provide help for the local libraries.
If you enter the community library in Nanxiang Old Town，you will find it is of strong Chinese style.Of all community libraries in Jiading，the one in Nanxiang Old Town is the most special.Because it is next to the famous Tanyuan Garden，which was the private garden of Li Liufang，a scholar(学者) in the Ming Dynasty.The library is on the first floor of a building in the ancient Chinese style.It has 4,100 Chinese picture books.
Zhang Bo works with volunteers to provide more books for their readers of all age groups.Some time ago，Zhang noticed that a girl often came to the library after school by herself.The girl did her homework at the library，but she never talked to anyone.Zhang learned that she came from a family of divorced(离婚的) parents.She had trouble communicating with others.So Zhang and other volunteers made friends with her.They became her “family away from home”．
“That，” Zhang said, “is true community spirit.”
1．What’s the purpose of building community libraries in Jiading，Shanghai
To encourage more reading among its (1.6 million) local people.
2．How do some local companies help the community libraries in Jiading，Shanghai
By providing space for free sometimes.
3．Where is the most special community library of all the community libraries in Jiading
In Nanxiang Old Town.
4．How many Chinese picture books are there in the library in Nanxiang Old Town
4,100.
5．Why did Zhang Bo and other volunteers make friends with the girl
Because the girl had trouble communicating with others.
(五)
As a child growing up in Suzhou，East China’s Jiangsu Province，Wu Jing loves to go to teahouses with her parents and grandparents to watch pingtan performances.
Pingtan originated(发源) from the Song Dynasty in Suzhou.It usually involves just two performers：one male and one female，who play Chinese traditional instruments，while singing ballads(民谣) and telling stories of ancient heroes and other classic Chinese folk tales in the Suzhou dialect(方言) at teahouses or small theaters.
Pingtan is an art form with a 200-year history.Unlike Beijing Opera，pingtan performers usually sing in softer voices.The art form is popular with many people，especially in the southern areas of the Yangtze River，such as Shanghai，Suzhou，Hangzhou and Nanjing.
“In my hometown，many people usually like to watch pingtan performances.People enjoy it while drinking tea and eating snacks.As a result，watching pingtan has become a part of our life in my hometown，” says Wu，who naturally fell in love with pingtan and later studied at a pingtan school in Suzhou.“When you visit Suzhou as a tourist，you have to watch pingtan performances to make your trip complete.”
1．When did pingtan originate in Suzhou
It originated from the Song Dynasty.
2．What kind of stories do pingtan performers tell
They tell stories of ancient heroes and other classic Chinese folk tales.
3．How long has it been since pingtan appeared
It has been 200 years since pingtan appeared.
4．Where is pingtan more popular in China
It is more popular in the southern areas of the Yangtze River.
5．What do people do while watching pingtan in Wu Jing’s hometown
They drink tea and eat snacks.