2024年中考英语人教版一轮复习专题突破 学案 话题15 生态与环保
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| 更新时间 | 2024-03-12 09:44:57 | ||
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话题15 生态与环保
话题分析：该话题通常会涉及保护环境、保护动植物、低碳生活、节约资源、创建文明城市、文明出游、为环保提建议等主题。写作内容通常为对环境问题的看法并提出解决措施及建议。
话题链接：
教材 分册 单元 话题 标题
人教版 九年级 全一册 Unit 13 Protecting the environment We’re trying to save the earth！
外研版 八上 Module 9 Population Population
九上 Module 12 Environmental protection Save our world
A.But what can I do？
B.Don’t use plastic bags.
C.Third，try to recycle paper.
D.We have a lot of paper at home.
E.It’s also a good way to keep healthy.
F.You should clean your room every day.
Jennifer: Hi，Mary.Would you like to help save the environment
Mary: Yes.1.
Jennifer: Well.You can start by turning off the lights.
Mary: You’re right.Sometimes I turn on the lights without thinking.What’s next
Jennifer: Second，you can ride a bicycle.2.
Mary: That will save money，too.What else
Jennifer: 3.
Mary: Good idea.Newspapers，magazines，mails...4.
Jennifer: The fourth idea is to take a bag when you go shopping.5.
Mary: OK.My parents do most of the shopping.I’ll tell them.Thank you for your advice.
答案 1.A 2.E 3.C 4.D 5.B
Part 1 话题基础梳理
1.environment n. 环境
2.improve v. 改善
3.nature n. 自然
4.natural adj. 自然的
5.pollution n. 污染物
6.pollute v. 污染
7.plastic n. 塑料
8.protect v. 保护
9.problem n. 问题
10.rubbish n. 垃圾
11.save v. 节约
12.harmful adj. 有害的
13.serious adj. 严重的
14.recycle v. 循环利用
15.reuse v. 重复使用
16.wild adj. 野生的
17.spit v. 吐痰
18.endangered adj. 濒危的
1．turn off the light 关灯
2．plant more trees多种树
3．reuse paper循环利用纸张
4．drive the car less少开车
5．make the air fresh使空气清新
6．use reusable bags使用环保袋
7．sort the rubbish垃圾分类
8．take public transportation乘坐公共交通
9．use both sides of the paper双面用纸
1．all year round终年
2．call on 号召
3．do harm to对……有害
4．protect the environment 保护环境
5．cut down砍倒
6．take action采取行动
7．live a green life 过绿色生活
8．be good for 对……有好处
9．take some measures to do采取一些措施做……
10．make a contribution to doing为……做出贡献
11．create a good future创造一个美好的未来
12．instead of代替
13．make a difference 有影响
14．throw...into...将……扔进……
15．develop the habit of...养成……的习惯
16．last but not least最后但同样重要的
17．begin/start with从……开始
18．play a part/role in doing sth.参与做某事
小题夯基
请根据句意及首字母提示完成所缺单词
1．He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun.
2．The river was dirty.Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.
3．Staying close to TV is harmful to your eyes.
4．Wild animals can’t find enough food and they are losing their homes.
5．All the small things can add up and become big things.They could improve the environment.
6．—More animals may become endangered because of the serious pollution.
—So we should do something now.
微语篇特训
A．请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，注意每空一词。每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
In order to make the environment more beautiful，we should take 1.action to protect it.First，we should plant more trees as well as flowers to make our city more beautiful.Second，always remember not to throw away 2.rubbish or pour out waste water everywhere.As we all know，water is becoming less and less.So it’s necessary to 3.save water.Last but not least，we should 4.protect endangered animals and stop people catching them.
In my opinion，if everyone tries his best to protect the 5.environment，our city will become nicer and cleaner.
B．请根据汉语意思用适当的短语填空
In recent years，the temperature has been rising 1.all year round(全年)．More and more trees have been 2.cut down(砍倒)．Scientists have found out that one of the reasons is related to carbon emissions(碳排放)．It’s necessary for people to start 3.living a green life(过绿色生活)．In fact，even a small action can 4.make a difference(产生影响)．For example,5.turn off(关掉) all the lights before leaving the room.
1．我们是时候采取行动去保护环境，使它免受污染了。(It’s time for sb. to do...)
It’s time for us to take action to protect the environment from pollution.
2．为了与自然和谐共处，我们必须遵循自然法则。(get along well with)
In order to get along well with nature，we must follow the laws of nature.
3．我认为拯救地球始于小事。(begin with)
I think saving the earth begins with small things.
4．总体来说，如果每个人都多关注一下我们的环境，那么污染会更少，我们的生活会变得更好。(pay more attention to)
In a word，if everyone pays more attention to our environment，there will be less pollution and our lives will be better.
5．如今环境污染越来越严重。(more and more serious)
The environmental pollution is more and more serious today.
6．为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁而不是开车。(cut down)
To cut down air pollution，we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
7.微小的行动也会产生巨大的影响。(make a big difference)
A small action can even make a big difference.
8．作为青少年，我们也可以采取措施保护我们的环境。(take steps to do)
As teenagers，we can also take steps to protect our environment.
9．大自然如此重要以至于我们必须合理保护它。(so...that...)
Nature is so important that we must protect it properly.
10．因此，我们的共同行动可以产生影响，并带来更美好的未来。(lead to)
So together，our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future.
一、完形填空
(2023·广东一模)
Though plastic bags make our life convenient，the use of them is controversial(有争议的)．Maybe you’ve heard of the news that the law has been 1 carried out in England to stop the use of plastic things.In China，can you get 2 plastic bags from supermarkets now I’m afraid you can’t.Things have changed.Nowadays people have to pay for plastic bags since supermarkets and shops in China can’t 3 plastic bags to people any more.That’s because the Chinese government has decided to stop the use of free plastic bags and our country tried to make 4 less.
The Chinese once used about 300 million plastic shopping bags a day.Most of them can be used only once and some people throw them away here and there after they have used them.The plastic bags are hard to 5 .So they have caused pollution for the environment.They have polluted the water，earth，and they waste the oil.Some animals in the sea or on the land even died after eating the plastic bags.If they are burnt，they may produce some gas that is 6 ，and this can cause bigger troubles.It pollutes the air.What’s more，it may cause 7 for us.
So the Chinese people are 8 to bring their own bags or baskets when they go to buy something.Some students come up with a good idea.They make the shopping bags by themselves.They use old clothes to make cloth bags，and send them to their parents as 9 .They also ask their parents and friends to use cloth bags instead.They think it is their 10 to protect the environment.Starting with small things also matters.
1．A.strictly B．clearly C．bravely D．gently
答案 A
2．A.free B．useful C．large D．public
答案 A
3．A.provide B．offer C．send D．sell
答案 B
4．A.bags B．money C．collections D．rubbish
答案 D
5．A.break up B．break through C．break out D．break down
答案 D
6．A.smelly B．harmful C．lifeless D．colorful
答案 B
7．A.excuse B．disease C．failure D．death
答案 B
8．A.allowed B．called C．encouraged D．invited
答案 C
9．A.presents B．goods C．surprise D．works
答案 A
10．A.dream B．pleasure C．duties D．chance
答案 C
二、短文填空
(2023·湛江二模改编)
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
Environmental protection is especially important nowadays，and it is a need for everyone.Edgar McGregor,1.an American man，cares about the environment in his own way.
After learning that the 34th Summer Olympic Games will be 2.hosted in Los Angeles in 2028，Edgar decided to clean up Eaton Canyon，a natural park in southern California.“It will be a shame of the United States 3.if there is so much litter，” he said.
The reason why Edgar chose this park is that it is 4.close to his home.He only needs to walk there.At first，he thought it would 5.take him only several sunny days to pick up litter there.6.However，it turned out to be nearly two years！Through sun，snow，and high winds，he picked up litter in the park for 7.at least one hour every day.He checks every corner of the park like checking his own house.Edgar regularly posted the progress that he made in 8.cleaning up the park online.He has more than 17,000 followers and many of them started to clean up parks near 9.their homes as well.Thanks to Edgar’s work，Eaton Canyon is now free of waste.
Edgar says his job is far from over.He is turning his attention to new parks.What’s more，he sold all the recyclables he found and donated(捐赠) the 10.money about $30 every two to three weeks to charity.
What a great man!
Part 2 话题能力提升
A
(2023·中山一模)
Dirty water can be dangerous to drink and can make people ill.It can damage(破坏) the environment and animals.Here are some causes of the dirty water.
Sewage(污水) is a big part of dirty water.In many places，untreated sewage goes straight into rivers，lakes or seas.Too much sewage kills fish and other water life.It can make the water unsafe to drink，wash or swim.
Oil is an important source of energy，but it can also cause pollution.If a truck or ship leaks(泄露) while transporting oil，plants and animals can die.For example，birds get covered in oil and they are unable to fly，and their feathers no longer protect them from the cold.
Factories often run waste liquid into rivers.This may contain dangerous chemicals，which could do harm to plants，animals and humans.Some factories would filter the waste before it goes into rivers.This helps to keep the environment cleaner.
Smoke and gases from factories and cars mixed with water vapour(蒸气) in the air can cause pollution.When the water vapour falls to the ground as rain，the chemicals in smoke and gases are mixed with the rain.This is called acid rain(酸雨)．It can kill plants and animals.
As we all know，water is an important part of human life.And the water resources are limited on our earth.So we can never attach too much importance to protecting water resources.We should also take action to save water and protect the valuable water resources in our daily life.At the same time，we can also encourage more people to join us.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些导致水污染的原因及其危害并呼吁人们采取行动保护水资源。
1．Why do we need to treat the sewage before it comes into the river
A．Because it looks dirty.
B．Because it would cause damage to water life.
C．Because it would kill some animals，like fish and pigs.
D．Because it would make the drinking water taste terrible.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In many places，untreated sewage goes straight into rivers，lakes or seas.Too much sewage kills fish and other water life.”可知，我们需要在污水流入河流之前对其进行处理是因为它会对水生生物造成损害，故选B。
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Oil makes plants and animals die. B．Oil is an important source of energy.
C．Oil can be leaked during transportation. D．Oil is an important cause of pollution.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第三段首句“Oil is an important source of energy，but it can also cause pollution.”及通读第三段可知，第三段的主要内容是石油是造成污染的重要原因，故选D。
3．What does the underlined word “filter” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Clean. B．Check. C．Throw. D．Keep.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子“Some factories would filter the waste before it goes into rivers.”可知，filter意思是“清洁”，故选A。
4．How do the smoke and gases influence the environment
A．They may form acid rain. B．They contain dangerous chemicals.
C．They can directly kill plants and animals. D．They will influence the drinking water.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二至四句可知，烟雾和气体可能会形成酸雨，影响环境，故选A。
5．What’s the main purpose of the passage
A．To tell people the influence of dirty water.
B．To call on people to protect the water resources.
C．To make people know the reasons of dirty water.
D．To tell people why they need to protect the water resources.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段内容以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了造成污水的一些原因以及作者呼吁人们保护水资源。因此本文的主要目的是呼吁人们保护水资源，故选B。
B
配对阅读。左栏是五名同学遇到的垃圾处理问题，右栏是七条建议，请为每名同学选择一条合适的建议。
1.I have some expired batteries(过期的电池)，but I don’t know how to deal with them.Maybe I should put them into a dustbin.( ) 2.My bookcase is filled with too many old newspapers.Which dustbin should I throw them into？( ) 3.I have just finished washing dishes and there are some leftovers to throw.( ) 4.After I have eaten take-away food，I have some dirty plastic boxes and dirty tissues.I wonder which dustbin I should put them into.( ) 5.I went to see a doctor in the hospital just now.I wore a mask so that I could prevent the spread of germs.But now where can I throw my mask？( ) A.Recyclable Waste Dustbin.It is used for collecting all kinds of environmental-friendly and recyclable materials including paper，metal，and so on. B.Residual Waste Dustbin.It collects china，pottery，used and polluted things like dirty tissues，dirty diapers(纸尿裤)，one-off meal boxes and so on. C.Household Food Waste Dustbin.It is used to collect kitchen waste like skins of fruits，egg shells，leaves of plants，etc. D.Hazardous Waste Dustbin.It contains waste involving risk or danger，especially dangerous to people’s health or safety but not including medical waste. E.Medical Chemical Waste Dustbin.Used chemical reagents(试剂)，used chemical disinfectant(消毒剂) and so on are collected here. F.Medical Infection Waste Dustbin.It collects anything used for preventing virus infection like masks worn by people and one-off plastic medical devices in hospitals. G.Medical Contaminated Sharp Waste Dustbin.Used chemical needles，scissors，knives and so on are put in this dustbin.
语篇解读：该语篇旨在培养学生对环境保护的参与，引导学生关注环境保护并积极参与贡献自己的力量，增强他们的环境保护意识和实践能力。
答案 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.F
A．回答问题
In the past five years，about 2.8 billion school textbooks were sold every year，with total spending of 20 billion yuan，news magazine Outlook Weekly reported.
Zhao Dehua，a businessman in Guangdong，owns a large factory dealing with things that can be reused.He said many college students sold the textbooks they had used for four years at a price of 1 yuan per kilogram.As these textbooks are mostly used to produce reused paper，the cost is even higher than that of newspaper.
At present，free textbooks on music，art and science for the nine-year education from primary school to middle school have been reused.But there isn’t a good plan for the second-hand textbook trade，so most of the textbooks end up as waste.
“Every year，second-hand booksellers collect textbooks at a price of about 4,000 yuan a ton.It is more than twice the price of usual waste paper.But the number of people who come to collect second-hand books is still small，” Zhao Dehua said.
“Setting up the way of textbook reuse is good for the environment.Besides，it also helps to develop students’ saving habits and sense of environmental protection，” said Zhu Pin，head of a school in Jiangxi Province.Up to now，the school has set up a way for reusing the textbooks and it can save a lot of money every year in the next five years.
1．What does Zhao Dehua’s factory do
It deals with things that can be reused.
2．How much did the college students sell the textbooks
At a price of 1 yuan per kilogram.
3．Why do most of the textbooks end up as waste
Because there isn’t a good plan for the second-hand textbook trade.
4．Is the number of people who collect second-hand books small or large
It’s small.
5．Who is Zhu Pin
Head of a school in Jiangxi Province.
B．书面表达
假如你是李华，你校最近要开展“节约用纸，从我做起”的英文主题演讲活动，为了鼓励同学们节约用纸，你报名参加了这项活动，请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．介绍演讲的目的；
2．谈谈作为中学生，我们应该如何避免纸张浪费(两点以上建议)；
3．呼吁大家增强环保意识。
作文要求：1.语句连贯，词数 80左右；
2．作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
★第一步：审题
1．审主题：“节约用纸，从我做起”的演讲稿
2．审要点：①引入话题——介绍演讲的目的；
②谈谈作为中学生，我们应该如何避免纸张浪费(两点以上建议)；
③小结，呼吁大家增强环保意识。
3．定体裁： 应用文
4．定人称：第一人称
5．定时态：一般现在时
★第二步：谋篇
★第三步：成文
注意适当使用过渡句，也可以根据实际情况适当改写或补充。练习过程中，尽可能使用一些高级词汇，同时注意句式多样化。
参考范文
Hello，everyone.My name is Li Hua.It’s really my great honor to stand here and give a short speech.I’m here today to talk about something we use a lot every day—paper.
Paper plays an important part in our daily life.As students，how should we avoid wasting paper First of all，we can use both sides of every piece of paper，especially when we’re taking notes.Secondly，we can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packing.Thirdly，we can also use cotton handkerchiefs and not use the paper ones.When we see people around us wasting paper，we are supposed to stop such bad behavior and tell them the importance of saving paper.
All in all，saving paper is good for the environment.Let’s take action and do our part in environmental protection.
话题分析：该话题通常会涉及保护环境、保护动植物、低碳生活、节约资源、创建文明城市、文明出游、为环保提建议等主题。写作内容通常为对环境问题的看法并提出解决措施及建议。
话题链接：
教材 分册 单元 话题 标题
人教版 九年级 全一册 Unit 13 Protecting the environment We’re trying to save the earth！
外研版 八上 Module 9 Population Population
九上 Module 12 Environmental protection Save our world
A.But what can I do？
B.Don’t use plastic bags.
C.Third，try to recycle paper.
D.We have a lot of paper at home.
E.It’s also a good way to keep healthy.
F.You should clean your room every day.
Jennifer: Hi，Mary.Would you like to help save the environment
Mary: Yes.1.
Jennifer: Well.You can start by turning off the lights.
Mary: You’re right.Sometimes I turn on the lights without thinking.What’s next
Jennifer: Second，you can ride a bicycle.2.
Mary: That will save money，too.What else
Jennifer: 3.
Mary: Good idea.Newspapers，magazines，mails...4.
Jennifer: The fourth idea is to take a bag when you go shopping.5.
Mary: OK.My parents do most of the shopping.I’ll tell them.Thank you for your advice.
答案 1.A 2.E 3.C 4.D 5.B
Part 1 话题基础梳理
1.environment n. 环境
2.improve v. 改善
3.nature n. 自然
4.natural adj. 自然的
5.pollution n. 污染物
6.pollute v. 污染
7.plastic n. 塑料
8.protect v. 保护
9.problem n. 问题
10.rubbish n. 垃圾
11.save v. 节约
12.harmful adj. 有害的
13.serious adj. 严重的
14.recycle v. 循环利用
15.reuse v. 重复使用
16.wild adj. 野生的
17.spit v. 吐痰
18.endangered adj. 濒危的
1．turn off the light 关灯
2．plant more trees多种树
3．reuse paper循环利用纸张
4．drive the car less少开车
5．make the air fresh使空气清新
6．use reusable bags使用环保袋
7．sort the rubbish垃圾分类
8．take public transportation乘坐公共交通
9．use both sides of the paper双面用纸
1．all year round终年
2．call on 号召
3．do harm to对……有害
4．protect the environment 保护环境
5．cut down砍倒
6．take action采取行动
7．live a green life 过绿色生活
8．be good for 对……有好处
9．take some measures to do采取一些措施做……
10．make a contribution to doing为……做出贡献
11．create a good future创造一个美好的未来
12．instead of代替
13．make a difference 有影响
14．throw...into...将……扔进……
15．develop the habit of...养成……的习惯
16．last but not least最后但同样重要的
17．begin/start with从……开始
18．play a part/role in doing sth.参与做某事
小题夯基
请根据句意及首字母提示完成所缺单词
1．He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun.
2．The river was dirty.Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.
3．Staying close to TV is harmful to your eyes.
4．Wild animals can’t find enough food and they are losing their homes.
5．All the small things can add up and become big things.They could improve the environment.
6．—More animals may become endangered because of the serious pollution.
—So we should do something now.
微语篇特训
A．请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，注意每空一词。每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
In order to make the environment more beautiful，we should take 1.action to protect it.First，we should plant more trees as well as flowers to make our city more beautiful.Second，always remember not to throw away 2.rubbish or pour out waste water everywhere.As we all know，water is becoming less and less.So it’s necessary to 3.save water.Last but not least，we should 4.protect endangered animals and stop people catching them.
In my opinion，if everyone tries his best to protect the 5.environment，our city will become nicer and cleaner.
B．请根据汉语意思用适当的短语填空
In recent years，the temperature has been rising 1.all year round(全年)．More and more trees have been 2.cut down(砍倒)．Scientists have found out that one of the reasons is related to carbon emissions(碳排放)．It’s necessary for people to start 3.living a green life(过绿色生活)．In fact，even a small action can 4.make a difference(产生影响)．For example,5.turn off(关掉) all the lights before leaving the room.
1．我们是时候采取行动去保护环境，使它免受污染了。(It’s time for sb. to do...)
It’s time for us to take action to protect the environment from pollution.
2．为了与自然和谐共处，我们必须遵循自然法则。(get along well with)
In order to get along well with nature，we must follow the laws of nature.
3．我认为拯救地球始于小事。(begin with)
I think saving the earth begins with small things.
4．总体来说，如果每个人都多关注一下我们的环境，那么污染会更少，我们的生活会变得更好。(pay more attention to)
In a word，if everyone pays more attention to our environment，there will be less pollution and our lives will be better.
5．如今环境污染越来越严重。(more and more serious)
The environmental pollution is more and more serious today.
6．为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁而不是开车。(cut down)
To cut down air pollution，we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
7.微小的行动也会产生巨大的影响。(make a big difference)
A small action can even make a big difference.
8．作为青少年，我们也可以采取措施保护我们的环境。(take steps to do)
As teenagers，we can also take steps to protect our environment.
9．大自然如此重要以至于我们必须合理保护它。(so...that...)
Nature is so important that we must protect it properly.
10．因此，我们的共同行动可以产生影响，并带来更美好的未来。(lead to)
So together，our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future.
一、完形填空
(2023·广东一模)
Though plastic bags make our life convenient，the use of them is controversial(有争议的)．Maybe you’ve heard of the news that the law has been 1 carried out in England to stop the use of plastic things.In China，can you get 2 plastic bags from supermarkets now I’m afraid you can’t.Things have changed.Nowadays people have to pay for plastic bags since supermarkets and shops in China can’t 3 plastic bags to people any more.That’s because the Chinese government has decided to stop the use of free plastic bags and our country tried to make 4 less.
The Chinese once used about 300 million plastic shopping bags a day.Most of them can be used only once and some people throw them away here and there after they have used them.The plastic bags are hard to 5 .So they have caused pollution for the environment.They have polluted the water，earth，and they waste the oil.Some animals in the sea or on the land even died after eating the plastic bags.If they are burnt，they may produce some gas that is 6 ，and this can cause bigger troubles.It pollutes the air.What’s more，it may cause 7 for us.
So the Chinese people are 8 to bring their own bags or baskets when they go to buy something.Some students come up with a good idea.They make the shopping bags by themselves.They use old clothes to make cloth bags，and send them to their parents as 9 .They also ask their parents and friends to use cloth bags instead.They think it is their 10 to protect the environment.Starting with small things also matters.
1．A.strictly B．clearly C．bravely D．gently
答案 A
2．A.free B．useful C．large D．public
答案 A
3．A.provide B．offer C．send D．sell
答案 B
4．A.bags B．money C．collections D．rubbish
答案 D
5．A.break up B．break through C．break out D．break down
答案 D
6．A.smelly B．harmful C．lifeless D．colorful
答案 B
7．A.excuse B．disease C．failure D．death
答案 B
8．A.allowed B．called C．encouraged D．invited
答案 C
9．A.presents B．goods C．surprise D．works
答案 A
10．A.dream B．pleasure C．duties D．chance
答案 C
二、短文填空
(2023·湛江二模改编)
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
Environmental protection is especially important nowadays，and it is a need for everyone.Edgar McGregor,1.an American man，cares about the environment in his own way.
After learning that the 34th Summer Olympic Games will be 2.hosted in Los Angeles in 2028，Edgar decided to clean up Eaton Canyon，a natural park in southern California.“It will be a shame of the United States 3.if there is so much litter，” he said.
The reason why Edgar chose this park is that it is 4.close to his home.He only needs to walk there.At first，he thought it would 5.take him only several sunny days to pick up litter there.6.However，it turned out to be nearly two years！Through sun，snow，and high winds，he picked up litter in the park for 7.at least one hour every day.He checks every corner of the park like checking his own house.Edgar regularly posted the progress that he made in 8.cleaning up the park online.He has more than 17,000 followers and many of them started to clean up parks near 9.their homes as well.Thanks to Edgar’s work，Eaton Canyon is now free of waste.
Edgar says his job is far from over.He is turning his attention to new parks.What’s more，he sold all the recyclables he found and donated(捐赠) the 10.money about $30 every two to three weeks to charity.
What a great man!
Part 2 话题能力提升
A
(2023·中山一模)
Dirty water can be dangerous to drink and can make people ill.It can damage(破坏) the environment and animals.Here are some causes of the dirty water.
Sewage(污水) is a big part of dirty water.In many places，untreated sewage goes straight into rivers，lakes or seas.Too much sewage kills fish and other water life.It can make the water unsafe to drink，wash or swim.
Oil is an important source of energy，but it can also cause pollution.If a truck or ship leaks(泄露) while transporting oil，plants and animals can die.For example，birds get covered in oil and they are unable to fly，and their feathers no longer protect them from the cold.
Factories often run waste liquid into rivers.This may contain dangerous chemicals，which could do harm to plants，animals and humans.Some factories would filter the waste before it goes into rivers.This helps to keep the environment cleaner.
Smoke and gases from factories and cars mixed with water vapour(蒸气) in the air can cause pollution.When the water vapour falls to the ground as rain，the chemicals in smoke and gases are mixed with the rain.This is called acid rain(酸雨)．It can kill plants and animals.
As we all know，water is an important part of human life.And the water resources are limited on our earth.So we can never attach too much importance to protecting water resources.We should also take action to save water and protect the valuable water resources in our daily life.At the same time，we can also encourage more people to join us.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些导致水污染的原因及其危害并呼吁人们采取行动保护水资源。
1．Why do we need to treat the sewage before it comes into the river
A．Because it looks dirty.
B．Because it would cause damage to water life.
C．Because it would kill some animals，like fish and pigs.
D．Because it would make the drinking water taste terrible.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In many places，untreated sewage goes straight into rivers，lakes or seas.Too much sewage kills fish and other water life.”可知，我们需要在污水流入河流之前对其进行处理是因为它会对水生生物造成损害，故选B。
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Oil makes plants and animals die. B．Oil is an important source of energy.
C．Oil can be leaked during transportation. D．Oil is an important cause of pollution.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第三段首句“Oil is an important source of energy，but it can also cause pollution.”及通读第三段可知，第三段的主要内容是石油是造成污染的重要原因，故选D。
3．What does the underlined word “filter” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Clean. B．Check. C．Throw. D．Keep.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子“Some factories would filter the waste before it goes into rivers.”可知，filter意思是“清洁”，故选A。
4．How do the smoke and gases influence the environment
A．They may form acid rain. B．They contain dangerous chemicals.
C．They can directly kill plants and animals. D．They will influence the drinking water.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二至四句可知，烟雾和气体可能会形成酸雨，影响环境，故选A。
5．What’s the main purpose of the passage
A．To tell people the influence of dirty water.
B．To call on people to protect the water resources.
C．To make people know the reasons of dirty water.
D．To tell people why they need to protect the water resources.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段内容以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了造成污水的一些原因以及作者呼吁人们保护水资源。因此本文的主要目的是呼吁人们保护水资源，故选B。
B
配对阅读。左栏是五名同学遇到的垃圾处理问题，右栏是七条建议，请为每名同学选择一条合适的建议。
1.I have some expired batteries(过期的电池)，but I don’t know how to deal with them.Maybe I should put them into a dustbin.( ) 2.My bookcase is filled with too many old newspapers.Which dustbin should I throw them into？( ) 3.I have just finished washing dishes and there are some leftovers to throw.( ) 4.After I have eaten take-away food，I have some dirty plastic boxes and dirty tissues.I wonder which dustbin I should put them into.( ) 5.I went to see a doctor in the hospital just now.I wore a mask so that I could prevent the spread of germs.But now where can I throw my mask？( ) A.Recyclable Waste Dustbin.It is used for collecting all kinds of environmental-friendly and recyclable materials including paper，metal，and so on. B.Residual Waste Dustbin.It collects china，pottery，used and polluted things like dirty tissues，dirty diapers(纸尿裤)，one-off meal boxes and so on. C.Household Food Waste Dustbin.It is used to collect kitchen waste like skins of fruits，egg shells，leaves of plants，etc. D.Hazardous Waste Dustbin.It contains waste involving risk or danger，especially dangerous to people’s health or safety but not including medical waste. E.Medical Chemical Waste Dustbin.Used chemical reagents(试剂)，used chemical disinfectant(消毒剂) and so on are collected here. F.Medical Infection Waste Dustbin.It collects anything used for preventing virus infection like masks worn by people and one-off plastic medical devices in hospitals. G.Medical Contaminated Sharp Waste Dustbin.Used chemical needles，scissors，knives and so on are put in this dustbin.
语篇解读：该语篇旨在培养学生对环境保护的参与，引导学生关注环境保护并积极参与贡献自己的力量，增强他们的环境保护意识和实践能力。
答案 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.F
A．回答问题
In the past five years，about 2.8 billion school textbooks were sold every year，with total spending of 20 billion yuan，news magazine Outlook Weekly reported.
Zhao Dehua，a businessman in Guangdong，owns a large factory dealing with things that can be reused.He said many college students sold the textbooks they had used for four years at a price of 1 yuan per kilogram.As these textbooks are mostly used to produce reused paper，the cost is even higher than that of newspaper.
At present，free textbooks on music，art and science for the nine-year education from primary school to middle school have been reused.But there isn’t a good plan for the second-hand textbook trade，so most of the textbooks end up as waste.
“Every year，second-hand booksellers collect textbooks at a price of about 4,000 yuan a ton.It is more than twice the price of usual waste paper.But the number of people who come to collect second-hand books is still small，” Zhao Dehua said.
“Setting up the way of textbook reuse is good for the environment.Besides，it also helps to develop students’ saving habits and sense of environmental protection，” said Zhu Pin，head of a school in Jiangxi Province.Up to now，the school has set up a way for reusing the textbooks and it can save a lot of money every year in the next five years.
1．What does Zhao Dehua’s factory do
It deals with things that can be reused.
2．How much did the college students sell the textbooks
At a price of 1 yuan per kilogram.
3．Why do most of the textbooks end up as waste
Because there isn’t a good plan for the second-hand textbook trade.
4．Is the number of people who collect second-hand books small or large
It’s small.
5．Who is Zhu Pin
Head of a school in Jiangxi Province.
B．书面表达
假如你是李华，你校最近要开展“节约用纸，从我做起”的英文主题演讲活动，为了鼓励同学们节约用纸，你报名参加了这项活动，请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．介绍演讲的目的；
2．谈谈作为中学生，我们应该如何避免纸张浪费(两点以上建议)；
3．呼吁大家增强环保意识。
作文要求：1.语句连贯，词数 80左右；
2．作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
★第一步：审题
1．审主题：“节约用纸，从我做起”的演讲稿
2．审要点：①引入话题——介绍演讲的目的；
②谈谈作为中学生，我们应该如何避免纸张浪费(两点以上建议)；
③小结，呼吁大家增强环保意识。
3．定体裁： 应用文
4．定人称：第一人称
5．定时态：一般现在时
★第二步：谋篇
★第三步：成文
注意适当使用过渡句，也可以根据实际情况适当改写或补充。练习过程中，尽可能使用一些高级词汇，同时注意句式多样化。
参考范文
Hello，everyone.My name is Li Hua.It’s really my great honor to stand here and give a short speech.I’m here today to talk about something we use a lot every day—paper.
Paper plays an important part in our daily life.As students，how should we avoid wasting paper First of all，we can use both sides of every piece of paper，especially when we’re taking notes.Secondly，we can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packing.Thirdly，we can also use cotton handkerchiefs and not use the paper ones.When we see people around us wasting paper，we are supposed to stop such bad behavior and tell them the importance of saving paper.
All in all，saving paper is good for the environment.Let’s take action and do our part in environmental protection.