人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions Reading and Thinking知识点课件(共32张PPT)

(共32张PPT)
[重点短语]
1.　　　　　　　　　　 把……和……连接或联结起来
2.　　　　　　　　　 属于
3.　　　　　　　　　 同(一样也);和;还
4.　　　　　　　　　 导致;造成
5.　　　　　　　　　 与……相似
6.　　　　　　　　　 按照;根据……所说
7.　　　　　　　　　 增加;增添
8.　　　　　　　　　 导致;造成;引起
9.　　　　　　　　　 涉及,谈到,提到,引证;查阅;参考
10.　　　　　　　　　 接收;接管
11.　　　　　　　　 作为……著名
join...to...　
belong to　
as well as
lead to　
be similar to　
according to　
add to　
result in
refer to　
take over　
be known as　
12.keep your eyes open (for) 　　　　　　　　　　　
13.break away (from sb/sth) 　　　　　　　　　　　
14.if any 　　　　　　　　　　　
15.leave behind 　　 　　　　　　　　　
16.date back to 　　　　　　　　　　　
留心;留意
脱离;背叛;逃脱　
如果有的话　
把……丢在后面;留下;忘带　
追溯到……
重点词汇
1.individual adj.单独的;个别的　n.个人
An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words.(教材原句)
习语是一种表达方式,它的意思与单个词的意思不同。
【词汇拓展】
individualism n.个人主义
individually adv.个别地
【背佳句】They wait for the group to decide instead of making individual decisions.
他们等待团体做决定而不是各自做出决定。
2.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问　vt.迷惑;使困惑
Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.(教材原句) 稍微了解一下英国历史,就会帮助你解开这个谜题。
【词汇拓展】
puzzle over/about 苦思冥想;绞尽脑汁
be in a puzzle (about) (对……)不知如何是好
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
puzzled adj. 困惑的;感到迷惑的
be/feel puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
【词汇拓展】
break down (机器)出故障;(谈判等)失败
break in 插嘴;闯入
break into 闯入;突然……起来
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发
break up 拆散;驱散;使(关系等)破裂;解散;分手
break through 取得突破;克服
4.belong to 属于
The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.(教材原句)
同属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。
【词汇拓展】
belong vi.应在(某处);适应
belong to 还可表示“是……的财产;是……的组成部分;是……的成员(属于)”,不能用于进行时态和被动语态。
belongings n. 财产;所有物;相关事物
5.as well as 同(一样也);和;还
They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.(教材原句)
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。
【词汇拓展】
as well as同(一样也);和;还,在句中连接同等成分
as well as后接动词时多用动词-ing形式;当“A as well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数上保持一致
as well as...同……一样好
as well也,置于肯定句句末
may/might as well do sth最好做某事
【词汇拓展】
in defence保卫,防守
in defence of...为了保卫……
in sb’s defence为某人辩护
defend vt.保护;保卫
defend against抵御
defend oneself自卫;为……辩护
defend...from/against...保卫……免受……伤害
defensive adj.防御的,保护的
【词汇拓展】
surround...with... 使……包围……
be surrounded with/by 被……包围
surrounding adj. 周围的
surroundings n. 环境
单句填空
①It’s 　　　　　(evidence) that they stay up too late studying or doing something else at night.
②　　　　　(evident),air pollution is the main factor that has resulted in the frequency of hazy weather.
完成句子
③他拿不出足够的证据证明这些钱属于他。
He couldn’t show 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　these money
belonged to him.
evident　
Evidently　
enough evidence that
9.achievement n.成就;成绩;达到
Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.(教材原句)
他们的一些伟大成就包括建立城镇、修建了道路。
【词汇拓展】
a sense of achievement成就感 achieve vt.完成;达到　vi.成功
achieve one’s success获得成功 achieve one’s goal达到目标
【词汇拓展】
there is some evidence that...有证据证明……
evident adj.明显的;明白的
It is evident that...显然(很明显)……
evidently adv.显然,明显地;清楚地
Part I 课文语法填空
Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks
WHAT'S IN A NAME
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England--many people ___________ by what these different names mean. So ________is the difference between them, if any _________ (get) to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined _________ (create) the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of lreland __________(add) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
are confused
what
Getting
to create
was added
Part I 课文语法填空
Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of lreland broke away _______ the UK , ________ resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the _________(short) name: "the United Kingdom" or "the UK". People from the UK _________(call) "British” which means the UK is also often referred to ____ Britain or Great Britain.
The four countries__________belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use ____same flag, ________(know) as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some __________(different). For example, England, Wales Scotland,andNorthernIreland all have different education systems and legal systems .
from
which
as
shortened
are called
that/which
the
known
differences
(1)be in a puzzle (about) 对(……)感到困惑不解
a puzzle to sb. 对某人来说是个谜
(2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.d 感到困惑的
be puzzled with/about 对……迷惑不解
【即学即练】
④He looked _________ (puzzle), so I repeated the question.
⑤This letter _________ (puzzle) me, as we all know.
⑥I find the question ________ (puzzle).
⑦Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said _______(puzzle)help children with math-related skills.
puzzled
puzzles
puzzling
puzzles
Part II 课文知识点详解
Part II 课文知识点详解
③There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break into the house.
当时附近可能没有人看见他试图闯进那所房子。
④The firemen arrived shortly after the fire broke out.
火灾发生没多久,消防员就来了。
【用法详解】
break in 打断;插嘴;强行闯入(不及物动词短语)
break into 突然开始;强行闯入(及物动词短语)
break out (战争)爆发;(火灾)突然发生
break down 出故障;消除;分解;打破;垮掉
break up 分解;解散;(关系)破裂
Part II 课文知识点详解
⑤The boy was so angry that he broke away _______ his mother and ran away.
⑥As the President's car arrived, the crowd broke ______ loud applause.
⑦When the news came that the war broke ______, he decided to serve in the army.
⑧They can sometimes break _________ and you have to spend time.
完成句子
⑨The horse _________________ my horse pole and ran wildly.
这匹马挣脱了我的套马杆,狂奔起来。
from
into
out
down
broke away from
Part II 课文知识点详解
③Please make sure you have all your belongings with you when leaving the plane.
请确保在下飞机时带好所有的随身物品。
belong to
属于;是……的一员
belonging n.拨 belongings n.(pl.) 所有物;财物归属感，
belong to 中的 to是介词,该短语既不能用于被动语态也不能用于进行时态;作后置定语时，常用现在分词
Part II 课文知识点详解
(1)as well as 常在句中连接两个并列的句子成分(若连接主语及其附属成分时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致);
(2)as well“除……之外;也;还”,常位于肯定句句末,无需用逗号与句子分开。
④Many students as well as Tom ________(be) present at the meeting.
(2)完成句子
⑤I can speak fluent English and I can speak French _________.
我会说流利的英语,也会说法语。
⑥You will always have the bad ___________the good in the world.
人生在世总是有苦有甜。
were
as well
as well as
Part II 课文知识点详解
★defence n.防御;保卫
【例句】
①It is our duty to defend our motherland.保卫祖国是我们的职责。
②What points can be raised in defence of this argument
有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢
③The soldiers defended bravely against enemies.战士们奋勇抵御敌人。
(1)defense(美)=defence(英)n.
防守;防御;保卫;辩护
in defence (of) 保卫(……);为……辩护
(2)defend vt. defend oneself自卫;为自己辩护防御;保卫;防守;辩护
defend sb. from/against
保护某人免受……
Part II 课文知识点详解
5. Almost everywhere you go in the uk, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。★surround vt.围绕;包围
【例句】
①Once upon a time, a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and
having wonderful surroundings.
从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
be confused by对...感到困惑
the difference between... 之间的差异
if any如果有的话 ;if so如果那样的话
solve this puzzle 解决这个难题
shorten v.缩短
result in 导致;result from由于
break away from 脱离;背叛；逃脱
be added 加入
be joined to加入
动名词做主语
to do 表目的
which 引导的非限制性定语从句
定语从句修饰 name
which 引导的非限制性定语从句
refer to...as 把…称为
Difficult Sentences
1.
if条件状语从句的省略形式
So what is the difference between them, if any
如果有的话，那么它们之间有什么区别呢？
类似用法：
if so
if not
if necessary
if possible
如果这样的话
如果不这样的话
如果有必要的话
如果可能的话
你在考试中作弊了吗？如果这样的话，你逃脱不了惩罚。
2. 我可以帮你，如果有必要的话。
3. 请按时完成任务，如果不这样的话，你逃脱不了惩罚。
If so
I can help you,
Please finish the tasks on time.
,you won’t get away with it.
if necessary.
If not,
you won’t get away with it.
Did you cheat in the exam
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空　
①When the little girl was asked such a 　　　　question,she stood there with
a 　　　　 look on her face.(puzzle)
②She lost heart since she failed the exam,because her future was ______(puzzle).
③People have long puzzled 　　　　how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.
[知识回顾]
(1)puzzle about/over冥思苦想;苦苦思索 (2) a puzzle to sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情
(3)be puzzled about对……迷惑不解
puzzlement n. 迷惑，困惑 puzzled adj. 感到困惑的puzzling adj. 令人费解的
puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等状态类过去分词就是形容词,用来修饰说明人时,除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外,还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词,如 look,voice,smile,expression,face等。
puzzling
puzzled　
puzzling　
over/about
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空　
①When the little girl was asked such a 　　　　question,she stood there with
a 　　　　 look on her face.(puzzle)
②She lost heart since she failed the exam,because her future was ______(puzzle).
③People have long puzzled 　　　　how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.
puzzling
puzzled　
[巩固内化] 短语适当形式填空　
①However,the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and 　　　　　　to form its own government.
②If you go on working like that,you will 　　　　　　　　sooner or later.
③In my opinion,marriage based on money is likely to 　　　　　　　.
④Fire 　　　　　　　　during the night.
[知识归纳]
break down损坏;发生故障;分解;累垮 break into破门而入
break out(战争)爆发;(火灾)突然发生 break up 结束;破裂 break in破门而入;打断;插话
broke away
break down　
break up　
broke out　
The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
belong to属于
work together团结
as well as 也，和
currency n.通货,货币
military defence军事防御
legal system法律体系
illegal adj.不合法的 illegally adv.不合法地
定语从句修饰 countries
过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the same flag
competition n 比赛
非限制性定语从句 which is known as the Union Jack
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空　
①Having sold most of his 　　　　　(belong),he almost had nothing left in the house.
②In my opinion,you’d better put the book 　　　　　it belongs.
③The wooden house 　　　　　(belong)to me is being decorated now.

[知识回顾]
(1)belong to属于;是……的成员;是……的组成部分
(2)belonging n.归属感;所有物a sense of belonging归属感
belongings n.所有物;财产
[知识点拨]
belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态,用作非谓语动词时要使用动词-ing形式。
belongings　
where　
belonging　
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空　
①Amy,as well as her brothers,　　　　　　　(give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
②The deadline for the project is around the corner,so we 　　　　　as well get some help.
③As well as 　　　　　(have)difficulty adapting herself to the new school life,she found the culture difference was another challenge for her.
[知识回顾]
(1)as well as“既……又……”,可连接两个平行结构。连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与as well as之前的主语一致。
(2)as well“也;又;还”,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。
(3)may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事
was given
may/might
having
The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next, the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses. The Vikings came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across the UK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. The Normans were French, so many French words slowly entered into the English language
to do做后置定语，修饰history
everywhere引导的状语从句状语从句,everywhere意为“处处；到处；无论哪里”
which 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰history
who引导的定语从句
The first group 的同位语
定语从句,修饰the way
have sth. done 的结构，表示“让某事被做”
be surrounded by 被……包围
四批不同的人
定语从句中way做先行词that/in which/省略
让人建城堡
There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
There be + 主语 + to do”结构,to do表示动作尚未发生
make+宾语+宾补（形容词)
much,even,a little,a bit修饰adj比较级
to do做后置定语,修饰place
as引导的原因状语从句
that 引导的定语从句修饰city
dating现在分词作后置定语
to do做后置定语,修饰site
all the way 一直
date back to 上溯至( =date from)
fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的
keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意
be surprised to do sth.惊奇做某事
both A and B A和B做主语谓语用复数