2023-2024(下)创新部高一开学考英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. What will the woman probably do next
A. Do the dishes. B.Buy groceries. C.Clean the floor.
2. How will the speakers probably go to the cinema
A By car. B.By subway. C.By taxi.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. How to lose weight. B. How to take exercise. C. How to go on a diet.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Annoyed. B.Excited. C.Unconcerned.
5. What happened to the man
A. He lost his way. B.He was knocked over. C. He got a flat tire.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What was wrong with the woman’s computer
A. It had too many files. B. It was infected. C. It was out of date.
7. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Run a virus scan. B. Buy a new computer. C. Update the software.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the problem with the woman’s present apartment
A. It’s far from campus. B.Its rent is high. C. It’s not furnished.
9. Why did the woman call the man
A. To make a complaint. B.To ask for help. C. To rent his house.
10. What will the man do next
A. Inquire about the price. B.Find a roommate. C. Visit an apartment.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the woman suggest eating at home
A. She wants to save money.
B. She is tired of preparing a meal.
C. She’d like to try something new.
12. What does the woman think of Indian food
A. It is not delicious. B.It is too spicy. C.It is unhealthy.
13. What will they order
A. Indian food. B.Italian food. C.Chinese food.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the man want to do after graduation
A. Work at a hotel. B.Further his study. C.Travel around the world.
15. What is the woman’s major
A. Hotel Management. B.French. C.Computer Science.
16. How does the woman pay her tuition
A. By doing a part-time job.
B. With her scholarship.
C. With her parents’ help.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 Who is the speaker
A. A tour guide. B.An architect. C.A businessman.
18. How did the architect design the building
A. By studying the old house.
B.By copying others’ designs.
C. By observing the family’s life.
19. What was the building made of
A. Wood. B.Brick. C. Concrete.
20. What is the present condition of the building
A. It is being rebuilt. B. It is well protected. C. It is in ruins.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Below is a list of the top and leading Theme Parks in London.
Chessington World of Adventures Resort
It is a theme park and resort that offers a fun and enjoyable experience for both adults and kids. It’s a perfect place to visit to relax over the weekend with the different rides, attractions, zoo and sea life exhibits, shows and entertainment that they have. They house over 1,000 animals in their zoo and around 40 rides that will make your visit highly enjoyable.
Thorpe Park Resort
It is the go-to place for all thrill seekers that are looking for an ultimate experience near London. Famous for their different rides, you will certainly enjoy the unique experience that only they can offer. Seek the best adventure and leisure at this park and spend your day with your family, friends, and loved ones.
Hyde Park Winter Wonderland
As one of the best Christmas destinations in London, located in the heart of London, it is opening their doors every November 19 to January 3 to all individuals of varying ages and gender, who want to experience the festivity that Christmas season brings.
ClownTown
It is the largest indoor activity centre created for all kids looking for some fun and adventure. Established in 1994, this centre offers a safe, secure and wonderful surroundings where your kids can play and have a pleasant and amusing time. It can also help host your kids’ birthday party based on their personal likes and interests and can accommodate (容纳) a maximum of 25 children with the package including one and a half hours of play time and 30 minutes meal time.
1. Which park may attract extreme sports lovers
A. ClownTown. B. Thorpe Park Resort.
C. Hyde Park Winter Wonderland. D. Chessington World of Adventures Resort.
2. What is special about ClownTown
A. It holds various outdoors activities. B. It is suitable for both adults and kids.
C. It provides tailored services for kids. D. It’s the best place for Christmas celebrations.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A guidebook. B. A business plan. C. A fashion magazine. D. An academic article.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍伦敦的几处主题公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It is the go-to place for all thrill seekers that are looking for an ultimate experience near London.(它是所有寻求刺激的人在伦敦附近寻找终极体验的首选之地)”可知，在Thorpe Park Resort可以体会到刺激和冒险，是那些喜欢不寻常体验的人的好去处。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It can also help host your kids’ birthday party based on their personal likes and interests and can accommodate (容纳) a maximum of 25 children with the package including one and a half hours of play time and 30 minutes meal time.(它还可以根据孩子的个人喜好和兴趣为他们举办生日派对，最多可容纳25个孩子，套餐包括一个半小时的游戏时间和30分钟的用餐时间)”可知，Clown Town主题公园可以根据孩子们的喜好和兴趣为他们举办生日会，即为孩子们提供个性化的服务。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Below is a list of the top and leading Theme Parks in London.(以下是伦敦顶级和领先的主题公园列表)”结合文章主要介绍了伦敦的几处主题公园推知，这一类的文章最有可能出现在旅行指南上。故选A。
B
I was 6 years old when my father told me we were leaving the Big Apple Circus (马戏团). Until that point, I had spent most of my life on the circus lot, playing with the other circus kids. The circus, by its nature, is one that has a loose structure. So the early years after my leaving the circus to sit in a classroom all day felt more like a prison.
But years later, I found areas that interested me. I took the skills I had learned from being onstage and applied them to broadcasting. And so when Boston’s news station WBUR offered me a job out of college, I jumped at the chance. Along the way, I found I really enjoyed the work. I became WBUR’s news reporter. The flexibility and adaptability I’d learned in the circus as a child helped me do my job naturally and easily in a stressful situation — whether it was a destructive tornado outside Boston, or the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013.
But then a serious infectious disease appeared. Suddenly, for the first time in my adult life, I went for a year without doing any shows. But it became clear to me that performing was what I truly wanted. For me, the circus symbolizes who I am. And stages have always been where I’ve felt the most free. Some people get nervous before they go onstage, but by assuming (扮演) the character of Jacques ze Whipper and drawing a stupid moustache on my face, all my social anxiety disappears.
Circus performances go beyond age, socioeconomic status (地位), and even language. It’s the type of performance where you can go anywhere in the world to entertain anyone — help anyone forget their troubles for 5, 10, and even 30 minutes. And most importantly, for me, it means coming home.
4. How did the author feel in the early years of school
A. Curious. B. Unfree. C. Loose. D. Impatient.
5. What do we know about the author’s job at WBUR
A. He did it for his father. B. He did it against his will.
C. He risked his neck doing it. D. He took to it like a duck to water.
6. What does the circus probably mean to the author
A. A means of living. B. A chance to go anywhere.
C. A part of his identity. D. A way to forget his troubles.
7. Why does the author write the text
A. To express his love for circus performances.
B. To stress the value of performing.
C. To share his personal experiences in a circus.
D. To discuss the problem of choosing a job.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者离开马戏团后的人生经历，以及作者如何将马戏团的经验应用于广播行业，并成为新闻记者，但马戏还是萦绕在作者心头。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“So the early years after my leaving the circus to sit in a classroom all day felt more like a prison.(所以我离开马戏团后的最初几年，整天坐在教室里，感觉更像是在监狱里。)”可知，作者离开马戏团后的最初几年，整天坐在教室里感觉像是在监狱里，也就是感到不自由。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“And so when Boston’s news station WBUR offered me a job out of college, I jumped at the chance. Along the way, I found I really enjoyed the work. I became WBUR’s news reporter. The flexibility and adaptability I’d learned in the circus as a child helped me do my job naturally and easily in a stressful situation — whether it was a destructive tornado outside Boston, or the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013.(因此，当波士顿的新闻电台WBUR给我一份大学毕业后的工作时，我欣然接受了这个机会。一路走来，我发现我真的很喜欢这份工作。我成了WBUR的新闻记者。我小时候在马戏团学到的灵活性和适应能力帮助我在紧张的情况下自然而轻松地完成工作——无论是波士顿郊外的破坏性龙卷风，还是2013年波士顿马拉松爆炸事件。)”可知，作者在WBUR工作时，能够在紧张的情况下自然而轻松地完成工作，由此可知，这份工作对作者而言如鱼得水，非常轻松。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For me, the circus symbolizes who I am.(对我来说，马戏团象征着我是谁。)”以及最后一段“And most importantly, for me, it means coming home.(最重要的是，对我来说，这意味着回家。)”可知，对于作者而言，马戏团已经是他身份的一部分，象征着作者的身份。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But it became clear to me that performing was what I truly wanted. For me, the circus symbolizes who I am. And stages have always been where I’ve felt the most free. Some people get nervous before they go onstage, but by assuming (扮演) the character of Jacques ze Whipper and drawing a stupid moustache on my face, all my social anxiety disappears.(但我渐渐明白，表演才是我真正想要的。对我来说，马戏团象征着我是谁。舞台一直是我感觉最自由的地方。有些人上台前会紧张，但只要假设自己是 (Jacques ze Whipper这个角色，再在脸上画上愚蠢的小胡子，我所有的社交焦虑就消失了。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要表达了作者对马戏的热爱。故选A。
C
There are well-documented mental health benefits to pet ownership, as much research has shown. Indeed, we know there are some physical benefits as well, as dog owners tend to have more active lifestyles. Yet when it comes to conditions like allergies (过敏), we tend to think of pet ownership as exacerbating, not alleviating them.
Hence, a recent study published in the journal PLOS One might come as a surprise. The study, published Wednesday, found that children raised with cats and dogs early in life had a 13 to 16 % lower risk of developing all food allergies than those who did not own pets.
The researchers engaged in a detailed survey, studying 65,000 children. They found that children who were exposed to dogs either during fetal (胎儿) development, or up to the age of 3 years old were less likely to have nut, milk and egg allergies.
This wasn’t true for other pets that weren’t cats and dogs. Indeed, the same research found that children exposed to hamsters during this same period had an increased risk of nut allergies. Yet children who were exposed to cats during their early years were likewise less likely to develop specific allergies — namely, allergies to wheat, soybean and egg.
While the study is not the final word on the issue — the researchers note “further studies using oral food challenges are required to more accurately assess the incident of food allergies” — it reinforces preexisting research on the seemingly funny ways that cats influence human development.
In addition to adding to the growing body of scientific literature about pets and human health, the PLOS One also reinforces earlier research about the role of the environment in developing allergies. The research repeatedly found that exposure to farmyard dirt, dust and the various fine hairs that fly off animals helps children in their breathing system development.
8. What does the underlined word “exaccrbating” in paragraph 1 best mean
A. Worsening. B. Damaging.
C. Improving. D. Benefiting.
9. What agrees with the result of the recent research
A. Kids over 3 will have more food allergies.
B. Hamsters cause the most allergies to children.
C. All pet ownership will not reduce food allergies.
D. Cat owners are less likely to be allergic than dog owners.
10. What is the author’s attitude to the PLOS One study
A. Satisfied. B. Objective.
C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned.
11. What is a best title for the text
A. Benefits brought by raising animals
B. Pet ownership making kids healthier
C. Researches on different food allergies
D. Dogs and cats reducing kids’ allergies
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究发现小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低，但是同一时期接触仓鼠的儿童患坚果过敏的风险增加。研究还发现，接触农场的泥土、灰尘和从动物身上飞出来的各种细毛有助于儿童呼吸系统的发育。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段的划线句“Yet when it comes to conditions like allergies (过敏), we tend to think of pet ownership as exacerbating, not alleviating them.（然而，当涉及到过敏等情况时，我们往往认为养宠物会……，而不是缓解过敏。）”，句中划线词后“not alleviating them”可知，划线词与后文为反义，故划线词意为“加剧”符合题意，与A选项同义。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, found that children raised with cats and dogs early in life had a 13 to 16 % lower risk of developing all food allergies than those who did not own pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低；再根据文章第四段第二句“ Indeed, the same research found that children exposed to hamsters during this same period had an increased risk of nut allergies.（事实上，同样的研究发现，在同一时期接触仓鼠的儿童患坚果过敏的风险增加。）”可推断，并不是所有宠物的饲养都会降低食物过敏。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据根据第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, found that children raised with cats and dogs early in life had a 13 to 16 % lower risk of developing all food allergies than those who did not own pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”及文章最后一段第一句“In addition to adding to the growing body of scientific literature about pets and human health, the PLOS One also reinforces earlier research about the role of the environment in developing allergies.（除了为越来越多的关于宠物和人类健康的科学文献增添新的内容外，《公共科学图书馆·综合》还加强了早期关于环境在过敏中所起作用的研究。）”可知，全文只是陈述《公共科学图书馆 综合》研究的内容，可推断，作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, found that children raised with cats and dogs early in life had a 13 to 16 % lower risk of developing all food allergies than those who did not own pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，狗和猫减少孩子的过敏。故选D。
D
In a groundbreaking effort, scientists at the University of Rochester have successfully transferred a longevity gene from naked mole rats (裸盼鼠) to mice, leading to enhanced health and a longer lifespan for the mice.
Unlike many other species, the rats do not often develop diseases —including cancer—as they age. Vera Gorbunova, the Doris Johns Cherry Professor of bi ology and medicine at Rochester, along with Andrei Seluanov, a professor of biology, and their colleagues have devoted decades of research to understanding the unique mechanisms(机制)that the naked mole rats use to protect themselves against aging and diseases. The researchers discovered that HMW-HA is one mechanism responsible for the rats’ unusual resistance to pared to mice and humans, naked mole rats have about ten times more HMW-HA in their bodies. When the researchers removed HMW-HA from the rat cells, the cells were more likely to form tumors (肿瘤).
“Our study provides a proof of principle that unique longevity mechanisms that evolved in long-lived mammals can be exported to improve the lifespans of other mammals,” says Gorbunova. As they successfully transferred a gene responsible for making HMW-HA from a naked mole rat to mice, leading to improved health and an approximate 4.4 percent increase in the lifespan for the mice, the Rochester researchers have opened exciting possibilities for unlocking the secrets of aging and extending human lifespan. “It took us 10 years from the discovery of HMW-HA in the naked mole rat to showing that HMW-HA improves health in mice,” Gorbunova says. “Our next goal is to transfer this benefit to humans.”
They believe they can accomplish this through two routes: either by slowing down the degradation (衰退) of HMW-HA or by enhancing HMW-HA synthesis (合成). “We hope that our findings will provide the first, but not the last, example of how longevity adaptations from a long-lived species can be adapted to benefit human longevity and health.” Seluanov says.
12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The beneficial effects of HMW-HA on humans.
B. The process of transferring genes producing HMW-HA.
C. The comparison between mice and humans in longevity.
D. The discovery of a unique mechanism for cancer resistance.
13. What can we learn about the researchers
A. They have unlocked the secrets of human longevity.
B. They plan to introduce longevity genes into humans.
C. They have spent 10 years trying to discover HMW-HA.
D. They believe that the longevity genes can be exported to any mammals.
14. What does Seluanov think of the prospect of extending human lifespan
A. Hopeful. B. Worrying. C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Promise Shown in Control of Human Genes
B. Scientists Successfully Transfer Longevity Gene
C. Achievement Made in Extending Human Lifespan
D. New Breakthrough Paves the Way for Curing Cancer
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了研究人员通过将一种特定基因引入小鼠体内，从而发现抗病和延长人类寿命的可能性。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The researchers discovered that HMW-HA is one mechanism responsible for the rats’ unusual resistance to cancer. (研究人员发现，HMW-HA是导致老鼠对癌症具有不同寻常抵抗力的机制之一。)可知，第二段主要讲述了研究人员发现一种独特的抗癌机制。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Our next goal is to transfer this benefit to humans. (我们的下一个目标是将这种益处转移到人类身上。)”可知研究人员计划把长寿基因引入到人类身上。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We hope that our findings will provide the first, but not the last, example of how longevity adaptations from a long-lived species can be adapted to benefit human longevity and health. (我们希望我们的发现将提供第一个，而不是最后一个例子，说明长寿物种的长寿适应性如何有益于人类的长寿和健康。)”可知，Seluanov对于延长人类寿命的可能性充满希望。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是文章第一段“In a groundbreaking effort, scientists at the University of Rochester have successfully transferred a longevity gene from naked mole rats(裸鼢鼠) to mice, leading to enhanced health and a longer lifespan for the mice.(在一项开创性的努力中，罗彻斯特大学的科学家们成功地将一种长寿基因从裸鼹鼠身上转移到了老鼠身上，从而使老鼠更加健康，寿命更长。)”可知，文章主旨就是“科学家成功转移长寿基因”。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
“Mobile phones, tablets, and smartwatches will be largely banned in classrooms in the Netherlands from January 1, 2024,” the Dutch government said. The aim is to create an environment that limits the disturbance caused by these devices during lessons.
“There is increasing evidence that mobile phones have a harmful effect during lessons. ____16____ For this reason, mobile phones, as well as tablets and smartwatches, will no longer be allowed in classrooms from January 1, 2024,” the government said.
____17____ For example, they may be allowed during lessons focusing on digital skills, for medical purposes, or for individuals with disabilities who rely on such devices.
“Even though mobile phones are closely related to our lives, they do not belong in the classroom,” education minister Robbert Dijkgraaf said in a statement. “Students need to concentrate and need to be given the opportunity to study well. Mobile phones will disturb them, scientific research shows. ____18____”
“The ban is the result of an agreement between the ministry, schools, and related organizations. Schools can find their own way to organize the ban,” Dijkgraaf added, “____19____”
A similar ban was introduced in France in 2018 for primary and middle schools to improve focus and prevent online violence. ____20____ In most cases, mobile phones are already banned for the majority of the school day, said the UK government.
A. We need to protect students against this.
B. However laws will follow if the results are not good enough.
C. And parents will also have to follow the rule.
D. Pupils are less able to concentrate and their performance suffers.
E. Devices will be banned during the whole school day.
F. UK schools have also suggested that such a ban be introduced.
G. Devices will only be allowed if they are needed.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了越来越多的证据表明，手机在课堂上有有害的影响，对此相关部门的和政府采取了措施，禁止学校使用手机。
【16题详解】
根据上文“There is increasing evidence that mobile phones have a harmful effect during lessons. (越来越多的证据表明，手机在课堂上有有害的影响。)”可知，本句主要承接上文，说明手机是如何在课堂上带来有害影响的。故D选项“学生不能集中注意力，他们的表现受到影响。”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据后文“For example, they may be allowed during lessons focusing on digital skills, for medical purposes, or for individuals with disabilities who rely on such devices. (例如，在以数字技能为重点的课程中，出于医疗目的或依赖此类设备的残疾人，可以允许使用这些设备。)”可知，后文的例子表明，只有出于医疗目的或依赖此类设备的残疾人，可以允许使用这些设备，即设备的使用必须是在有需要的情况下。故G选项“设备只有在需要时才允许使用。”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Mobile phones will disturb them, scientific research shows. (科学研究表明，手机会打扰他们。)”可知，上文提到了手机会打扰他们的问题，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明解决方法是避免伤害和打扰，故A选项“我们需要保护学生免受这种伤害。”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文““The ban is the result of an agreement between the ministry, schools, and related organizations. Schools can find their own way to organize the ban,” Dijkgraaf added (“这是教育部和学校、相关团体达成协议的结果。学校可以找到自己的方式来组织这项禁令，”Dijkgraaf补充道)”可知，上文提到教育部要求学校实施这项禁令，故本句主要说明了如何处理学校实施的结果。故B选项“然而，如果结果不够好，法律将接踵而至。”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“A similar ban was introduced in France in 2018 for primary and middle schools to improve focus and prevent online violence. ( 2018年，法国对中小学实施了类似的禁令，以提高注意力，防止网络暴力。)”以及后文“In most cases, mobile phones are already banned for the majority of the school day, said the UK government. (英国政府表示，在大多数情况下，在学校的大部分时间里都禁止使用手机。)”可知，上文提到了法国，后文则说到了英国政府要求在学校的大部分时间里都禁止使用手机，说明英国也采取的这样的禁令。故F选项“英国的学校也建议引入这样的禁令。”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Many years ago, I was on an early morning flight to Ecuador. ____21____, during such long journeys, I would put on my headphones and go to sleep. ____22____, on this particular day, I decided to take a little ____23____.
I____24____ the silence and started a conversation with the man sitting next to me. I learned that this companion was a ____25____ and we had a fascinating conversation.
Mid-flight, I gathered the courage to take another risk, sharing with him a book proposal (书稿提案) I put together for something I was doing in my class. He read it, but politely ____26____ it. Upon landing, we exchanged contact information.
Months later, I ____27____ him, inviting him to my class to discuss a project on redesigning the book. I shared my students’ project videos. One particular project caught Mark’s ____28____.
He expressed a desire to meet these students. I admitted I was a little bit ____29____ for he seemed more interested in working with my students than with me.
After meeting the students, I, together with him and his colleagues, _____30_____ together and life once again showed a (an) _____31_____ turn. During this dinner, one of his editors asked me if I’d ever considered writing a book. I shared the same proposal that his boss refused a year earlier. Within a fortnight, we had a contract, and within two years, over a million books had been _____32_____ around the world.
This journey may seem _____33_____, but it resulted from a series of small risks, beginning with a _____34_____ “hello.” Anyone can follow this path by _____35_____ these small risks and finally increase your chances of being lucky.
21.
A. Fortunately B. Typically C. Curiously D. Thankfully
22.
A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
23.
A. risk B. step C. chance D. politeness
24.
A. enjoyed B. maintained C. broke D. observed
25.
A. writer B. publisher C. teacher D. photographer
26.
A. agreed B. ignored C. approved D. declined
27.
A. reached out to B. made friends with C. lost contact with D. gave way to
28.
A. breath B. meaning C. interest D. imagination
29.
A. amazed B. hurt C. delighted D. stressed
30.
A. discussed B. gathered C. dined D. read
31.
A. unexpected B. disappointing C. wrong D. intentional
32.
A. donated B. copied C. sold D. painted
33.
A. easy B. joyful C. comfortable D. lucky
34.
A. simple B. surprising C. quick D. formal
35.
A. cutting B. hugging C. estimating D. avoiding
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为一次打破常规，冒险和旁人交谈，从而结识了一位出版商，让自己最终成功出版了自己的书籍，这说明，人有时需要冒一点险来提高自己的幸运。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，在如此漫长的旅程中，我会戴上耳机睡觉。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Typically通常；C. Curiously好奇地；D. Thankfully谢天谢地。根据前文“Many years ago, I was on an early morning flight to Ecuador.”可知，作者在坐飞机，根据后文“during such long journeys, I would put my headphones and go to sleep”可知，这些应该是通常会做的事。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这个特殊的日子里，我决定冒一点险。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据前文“I would put my headphones and go to sleep”以及后文“on this particular day, I decided to take a little risk”可知，两句是转折关系，用however连接。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. risk冒险；B. step措施；C. chance机会；D. politeness礼貌。根据前文“I would put on my headphones and go to sleep. ____2____, on this particular day”可知，作者通常在坐飞机时都是戴上耳机睡觉，但是这一次例外，因此推断作者打算冒一次险做一点例外的事情。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打破沉默，开始和坐在我旁边的人攀谈起来。A. enjoyed享受；B. maintained保持；C. broke打破；D. observed观察。根据后文“started a conversation with the man sitting next to me”可知，作者和旁边的人开始攀谈，所以是打破沉默。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我得知这个同伴是个出版商，我们进行了一次有趣的交谈。A. writer作家；B. publisher出版商；C. teacher教师；D. photographer摄影师。根据后文“Within a fortnight, we had a contract, and within two years, over a million books had been 12 around the world.”可知，作者和他签了合同后，出售了超过百万本书，由此推知，他是一个出版商。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他读了，但礼貌地拒绝了。A. agreed同意；B. ignored忽视；C. approved赞成；D. declined拒绝。根据前文“He read it, but”和下文“inviting him to my class to discuss a project on redesigning the book”可知，出版商读了作者的书稿，but表示转折，说明他礼貌地拒绝了，作者重新设计了书稿，邀请他去讨论。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个月后，我联系到了他，邀请他来我的课上讨论一个重新设计这本书的项目。A. reached out to联系到；B. made friends with与……交朋友；C. lost contact with与……失去联系；D. gave way to让步。根据后文“inviting him to my class to discuss a project on redesigning the book.”可知，作者邀请出版商来自己的课上讨论，所以是联系到了他。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个特别的项目引起了马克的兴趣。A. breath呼吸；B. meaning意思；C. interest兴趣；D. imagination想象。根据后文“He expressed a desire to meet these students.”可知，马克表示想见见这些学生，所以是引起了他的兴趣。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认我有点受伤，因为他似乎对和我的学生一起工作比对我更感兴趣。A. amazed吃惊的；B. hurt受伤的；C. delighted高兴的；D. stressed焦虑不安的。根据后文“he seemed more interested in working with my students than with me.”可知，马克似乎对和作者的学生一起工作比对作者更感兴趣，所以作者有点受伤。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：和同学们见面后，我和他以及他的同事们一起吃了一顿饭，生活再次出现了意想不到的转折。A. discussed讨论；B. gathered聚集；C. dined用餐；D. read读。根据下文“During this dinner, one of his editors asked me if I’d ever considered writing a book.”可知，作者和他以及他的同事一起外出就餐。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和同学们见面后，我和他以及他的同事们一起吃了一顿饭，生活再次出现了意想不到的转折。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. wrong错误的；D. intentional故意的。根据后文“During this dinner, one of his editors asked me if I’d ever considered writing a book.”可知，一位编辑想给作者出书，所以是出现了意想不到的转折。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周之内，我们签订了一份合同，两年内，在世界各地售出了超过一百万本书。A. donated捐赠；B. copied复制；C. sold出售；D. printed打印。根据后文的“around the world”结合选项，应是“在世界各地售出了超过一百万本书”符合语境。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段旅程可能看起来很幸运，但它源于一系列小冒险，从一个简单的“你好”开始。A. easy容易得；B. joyful高兴的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. lucky幸运的。根据前文“Within a fortnight, we had a contract, and within two years, over a million books had been ____12____ around the world.”可知，作者的这次经历是幸运的。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段旅程可能看起来很幸运，但它源于一系列小冒险，从一个简单的“你好”开始。A. simple简单的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. quick快的；D. formal正式的。根据后文“hello.”以及前文“I____4____ the silence and started a conversation with the man sitting next to me.”可知，这段旅程从简单的问候开始。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何人都可以遵循这条路，拥抱这些小冒险，最终增加你幸运的机会。A. cutting切割；B. hugging拥抱；C. estimating估算；D. avoiding避免。根据后文“finally increase your chances of being lucky”结合前文内容，作者因为冒险而获得好运可知，拥抱这些小冒险可以增加你幸运的机会。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the temperature continues to drop, the golden autumn seems to be coming to an end, indicating the ___36___(arrive) of the Cold Dew period. Cold Dew, known as “Hanlu” in Chinese,___37___ (fall) on October 8 and ends on October 23 this year.
During Cold Dew, temperatures drop ___38___(significant) and the sun cannot reach the deep waters thoroughly. Therefore, fish swim in shallow waters, ___39___the water temperature is relatively high, making Cold Dew the best season to cast a net or throw a line.
Chrysanthemums (菊花) are the symbolic flower of Cold Dew. ___40___(prevent) autumn dryness, many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. In ancient times, drinking wine made with chrysanthemums___41___(think) to allow people long-lasting youth.
Other traditions to mark the season include hiking and climbing. With maple (枫树) leaves ___42___ (turn) red, the splendour of color welcomes nature lovers. On the day of the Double Ninth Festival, which often is around Cold Dew, people often climb hills with cornels (茱萸),___43___ kind of plant. This custom, dating___44___the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-220), aims to drive bad things away.
Cold Dew allows us to say goodbye to golden autumn with delicate design, and also gives us a chance to know ____45____ (much) about the culture behind the solar terms.
【答案】36. arrival
37. falls 38. significantly
39. where 40. To prevent
41. was thought
42. turning
43. a 44. from
45. more
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统的二十四节气之一——寒露。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着气温的持续下降，金色的秋天似乎即将结束，预示着寒露时节的到来。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，arrive的名词形式为arrival，不可数。故填arrival。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：Cold Dew，就是中文的“寒露”，在今年开始于10月8日，结束于10月23日。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中与ends并列作谓语，此处叙述的是客观事实，句子应用一般现在时，且主语Cold Dew为第三人称单数。所以应填falls。故填falls。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：在寒露期间，气温明显下降，太阳不能彻底到达深水区。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填副词修饰drop，significant的副词形式为significantly。故填significantly。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因此，鱼在浅水区游，这里水温相对较高，使寒露成为撒网或钓鱼的最佳季节。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为shallow waters，且从句中缺少地点状语，所以应填where。故填where。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防止秋燥，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒的习俗。分析句子结构以及句意可知，空格处应填动词不定式作目的状语，所以应填to prevent，放句首时首字母大写。故填To prevent。
【41题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在古代，喝菊花酿的酒被认为可以永葆青春。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，且与主语drinking wine made with chrysanthemums之间的关系为被动；根据所给时间状语In ancient times可知，应用一般过去时，且动名词短语作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以应填was thought。故填was thought。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：枫叶变红，绚丽的色彩欢迎大自然的爱好者。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“with+宾语十宾语补足语”的复合结构，宾语leaves与turn之间的关系为主动，所以应填turning。故填turning。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：重阳节那天，通常在寒露前后，人们经常爬上长着茱萸的山，茱萸是一种植物。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，意为“一种植物”，所以应用不定冠词，且kind的首字母发音为辅音音素，所以应填a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个习俗起源于东汉(公元25-220年)，目的是辟邪。date from为固定搭配表示“追溯到，起源于”，所以应填from。故填from。
【45题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：寒露让我们告别设计精美的金秋，同样也给了我们一个机会，让我们了解更多节气背后的文化。分析句子结构以及句意可知，空格处应填much的比较级more表示“更多，进一步”。故填more。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 假设你校英语报就“我心中的偶像（Idol in my heart）”展开征文活动，你对该话题很感兴趣，拟投稿。你的短文必须包含以下内容：
1、谁是你心中的偶像？
2、你为什么会崇拜他（她）？
结合一个具体事例说明偶像在你成长过程中对你的影响。
注意： 词数100左右。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】No matter how serious he looks and how tough he appears to get along with, my father deserves to be my idol.
There is always a considerate and warm-hearted person behind his seemingly unapproachable face. What makes me admire for him is his positive attitude, sense of responsibility, and his wide range of knowledge.When I was in junior, I was rebellious and I turned a deaf ear to any suggestion from him. He never lost his temper with me even once. All he tried was to communicate with me equally, and exchange his thoughts with me patiently, which did move me eventually. Moreover, thanks to his instructive tutorial, I laid a solid foundation for my study.
It was his patience and wide horizon that enlightened my life at an early age with knowledge. With my father’s love and company I feel secure and happy. That’s why I admire him from the bottom of my heart.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“我心中的偶像”为主题写一篇短文向校英语报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
耐心地：patiently→with patience
最后：eventually→finally
此外：moreover→what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Moreover, thanks to his instructive tutorial, I laid a solid foundation for my study.
拓展句：Moreover, he gave me such instructive tutorial that I laid a solid foundation for my study.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What makes me admire for him is his positive attitude, sense of responsibility, and his wide range of knowledge.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】All he tried was to communicate with me equally, and exchange his thoughts with me patiently, which did move me eventually.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】It was his patience and wide horizon that enlightened my life at an early age with knowledge.（运用了强调句型）
第二节 读后续写(25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Carter enjoyed riding the school bus home. The ride home gave him some time to relax after a busy day of fifth grade. He usually sat alone and enjoyed that too. With four siblings (兄妹) he didn't get much time alone. Sometimes he sat with his younger brother, Jackson, but Jackson was sick at home today.
The bus stopped and the tallest boy in his class, Dexter, stepped off followed by his younger brother, Billy. As the bus pulled away, Carter looked back over his shoulder to watch the boys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brother. Billy said something Carter could not hear. Dexter yelled, gave his younger brother a hard shove and knocked him to the ground. Billy was on the ground wiping at his eyes, but Dexter walked away.
Carter turned in his seat, feeling disgusted. He hated seeing little kids get picked on (欺负).The sight of Billy on the ground crying was burned into his memory. He tried to think of something else.
He thought of the model car he was working on at home a 1967 Corvette. He started building it over a week ago and just finished putting it together last night. Tonight, as soon as he finished his homework, he could start painting the car. That was his favorite part. He already had the perfect color of blue picked out.
He hurried off the bus, ran through his yard, and breezed through the kitchen with a quick hello to his mom. She was making spaghetti, which smelled delicious. He ran up the stairs two at a time and rushed into his room.
“Surprise!” his brother Jackson said, throwing his arms into the air. "What are you doing in my room I thought you were sick!”
“I feel better!”
"What's on your face Are you bleeding "
"No! I'm not bleeding." Jackson wiped at his face, probably just paint. Look! Look what I did!” He pointed at the desk in the comer of Carter's room.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Carter looked down at his desk in horror
Paragraph 2
Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist.
【答案】Carter looked down at his desk in horror. What came into his sight was an ugly red car, which really annoyed him. Eyes narrowed and fists clenched, Carter could feel a blaze of flame fueling inside him. “What have you done to my car ” he yelled loudly. Frightened by the loud voice of his brother, Jackson drooped his head, murmured, “I just wanted to give you a surprise!” It suddenly dawned on Carter that what he did just now was just like Dexter’s action on the bus.
Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist. Letting out a sigh of regret, he apologized to his brother sincerely, “I'm sorry for doing that, but I had planned to paint it blue.” Hearing this, Jackson beamed and embraced Carter tightly, paint it together! No sooner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them to have dinner. The breeze wafted their face with delicious smell of the spaghetti and warmed the brothers’ hearts. There was no denying that siblings should get on well by being more tolerant of each other.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了卡特在坐校车回家的途中，看到德克斯特欺负他的弟弟比利，这让卡特很反感。回家后，卡特急不可待的回到自己的房间，要给自己做的汽车模型喷漆。结果发现自己的弟弟把自己的汽车模型喷漆了，而且很难看。最后，卡特原谅了弟弟，并一起完成模型喷漆。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“卡特惊恐地低头看着自己的桌子。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现自己的汽车模型被弄糟了后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“卡特深吸了一口气，然后展开拳头。”可知，第二段可描写作者原谅了弟弟，一起完成汽车喷漆的过程。
2.续写线索：发火——弟弟解释——回想到德克斯特的行为——原谅弟弟——一起完成汽车模型喷漆
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①理解，明白：dawn on /understand
②.计划：plan to do/intend to do
③. 相处得很好：get on well with/get along with
情绪类
①.大喊：yell/shout
②.害怕的：frightened/ scared
【点睛】[高分句型1]. What came into his sight was an ugly red car, which really annoyed him.(由what引导主语从句，which引导的非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2]. No sooner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them to have dinner.(运用部分倒装句型)
1-5 BBAAC 6-10BCABC 11-15ABCAC 16-20BACCB2023-2024(下)创新部高一开学考英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. What will the woman probably do next
A. Do the dishes. B.Buy groceries. C.Clean the floor.
2. How will the speakers probably go to the cinema
A. By car. B.By subway. C.By taxi.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. How to lose weight. B. How to take exercise. C. How to go on a diet.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Annoyed. B.Excited. C.Unconcerned.
5. What happened to the man
A. He lost his way. B.He was knocked over. C. He got a flat tire.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What was wrong with the woman’s computer
A. It had too many files. B. It was infected. C. It was out of date.
7. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Run a virus scan. B. Buy a new computer. C. Update the software.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the problem with the woman’s present apartment
A. It’s far from campus. B.Its rent is high. C. It’s not furnished.
9. Why did the woman call the man
A. To make a complaint. B.To ask for help. C. To rent his house.
10. What will the man do next
A. Inquire about the price. B.Find a roommate. C. Visit an apartment.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the woman suggest eating at home
A. She wants to save money.
B. She is tired of preparing a meal.
C. She’d like to try something new.
12. What does the woman think of Indian food
A It is not delicious. B.It is too spicy. C.It is unhealthy.
13. What will they order
A. Indian food. B.Italian food. C.Chinese food.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the man want to do after graduation
A. Work at a hotel. B.Further his study. C.Travel around the world.
15. What is the woman’s major
A. Hotel Management. B.French. C.Computer Science.
16. How does the woman pay her tuition
A. By doing a part-time job.
B. With her scholarship.
C. With her parents’ help.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 Who is the speaker
A. A tour guide. B.An architect. C.A businessman.
18. How did the architect design the building
A. By studying the old house.
B.By copying others’ designs.
C. By observing the family’s life.
19. What was the building made of
A. Wood. B.Brick. C. Concrete.
20. What is the present condition of the building
A. It is being rebuilt. B. It is well protected. C. It is in ruins.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Below is a list of the top and leading Theme Parks in London.
Chessington World of Adventures Resort
It is a theme park and resort that offers a fun and enjoyable experience for both adults and kids. It’s a perfect place to visit to relax over the weekend with the different rides, attractions, zoo and sea life exhibits, shows and entertainment that they have. They house over 1,000 animals in their zoo and around 40 rides that will make your visit highly enjoyable.
Thorpe Park Resort
It is the go-to place for all thrill seekers that are looking for an ultimate experience near London. Famous for their different rides, you will certainly enjoy the unique experience that only they can offer. Seek the best adventure and leisure at this park and spend your day with your family, friends, and loved ones.
Hyde Park Winter Wonderland
As one of the best Christmas destinations in London, located in the heart of London, it is opening their doors every November 19 to January 3 to all individuals of varying ages and gender, who want to experience the festivity that Christmas season brings.
ClownTown
It is the largest indoor activity centre created for all kids looking for some fun and adventure. Established in 1994, this centre offers a safe, secure and wonderful surroundings where your kids can play and have a pleasant and amusing time. It can also help host your kids’ birthday party based on their personal likes and interests and can accommodate (容纳) a maximum of 25 children with the package including one and a half hours of play time and 30 minutes meal time.
1. Which park may attract extreme sports lovers
A. ClownTown. B. Thorpe Park Resort.
C. Hyde Park Winter Wonderland. D. Chessington World of Adventures Resort.
2. What is special about ClownTown
A. It holds various outdoors activities. B. It is suitable for both adults and kids.
C. It provides tailored services for kids. D. It’s the best place for Christmas celebrations.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A guidebook. B. A business plan. C. A fashion magazine. D. An academic article.
B
I was 6 years old when my father told me we were leaving the Big Apple Circus (马戏团). Until that point, I had spent most of my life on the circus lot, playing with the other circus kids. The circus, by its nature, is one that has a loose structure. So the early years after my leaving the circus to sit in a classroom all day felt more like a prison.
But years later, I found areas that interested me. I took the skills I had learned from being onstage and applied them to broadcasting. And so when Boston’s news station WBUR offered me a job out of college, I jumped at the chance. Along the way, I found I really enjoyed the work. I became WBUR’s news reporter. The flexibility and adaptability I’d learned in the circus as a child helped me do my job naturally and easily in a stressful situation — whether it was a destructive tornado outside Boston, or the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013.
But then a serious infectious disease appeared. Suddenly, for the first time in my adult life, I went for a year without doing any shows. But it became clear to me that performing was what I truly wanted. For me, the circus symbolizes who I am. And stages have always been where I’ve felt the most free. Some people get nervous before they go onstage, but by assuming (扮演) the character of Jacques ze Whipper and drawing a stupid moustache on my face, all my social anxiety disappears.
Circus performances go beyond age, socioeconomic status (地位), and even language. It’s the type of performance where you can go anywhere in the world to entertain anyone — help anyone forget their troubles for 5, 10, and even 30 minutes. And most importantly, for me, it means coming home.
4. How did the author feel in the early years of school
A. Curious. B. Unfree. C. Loose. D. Impatient.
5. What do we know about the author’s job at WBUR
A. He did it for his father. B. He did it against his will.
C. He risked his neck doing it. D. He took to it like a duck to water.
6. What does the circus probably mean to the author
A. A means of living. B. A chance to go anywhere.
C. A part of his identity. D. A way to forget his troubles.
7. Why does the author write the text
A. To express his love for circus performances.
B. To stress the value of performing.
C. To share his personal experiences in a circus.
D. To discuss the problem of choosing a job.
C
There are well-documented mental health benefits to pet ownership, as much research has shown. Indeed, we know there are some physical benefits as well, as dog owners tend to have more active lifestyles. Yet when it comes to conditions like allergies (过敏), we tend to think of pet ownership as exacerbating, not alleviating them.
Hence, a recent study published in the journal PLOS One might come as a surprise. The study, published Wednesday, found that children raised with cats and dogs early in life had a 13 to 16 % lower risk of developing all food allergies than those who did not own pets.
The researchers engaged in a detailed survey, studying 65,000 children. They found that children who were exposed to dogs either during fetal (胎儿) development, or up to the age of 3 years old were less likely to have nut, milk and egg allergies.
This wasn’t true for other pets that weren’t cats and dogs. Indeed, the same research found that children exposed to hamsters during this same period had an increased risk of nut allergies. Yet children who were exposed to cats during their early years were likewise less likely to develop specific allergies — namely, allergies to wheat, soybean and egg.
While the study is not the final word on the issue — the researchers note “further studies using oral food challenges are required to more accurately assess the incident of food allergies” — it reinforces preexisting research on the seemingly funny ways that cats influence human development.
In addition to adding to the growing body of scientific literature about pets and human health, the PLOS One also reinforces earlier research about the role of the environment in developing allergies. The research repeatedly found that exposure to farmyard dirt, dust and the various fine hairs that fly off animals helps children in their breathing system development.
8. What does the underlined word “exaccrbating” in paragraph 1 best mean
A. Worsening. B. Damaging.
C. Improving. D. Benefiting.
9. What agrees with the result of the recent research
A. Kids over 3 will have more food allergies.
B. Hamsters cause the most allergies to children.
C. All pet ownership will not reduce food allergies.
D. Cat owners are less likely to be allergic than dog owners.
10. What is the author’s attitude to the PLOS One study
A. Satisfied. B. Objective.
C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned.
11. What is a best title for the text
A. Benefits brought by raising animals
B. Pet ownership making kids healthier
C. Researches on different food allergies
D Dogs and cats reducing kids’ allergies
D
In a groundbreaking effort, scientists at the University of Rochester have successfully transferred a longevity gene from naked mole rats (裸盼鼠) to mice, leading to enhanced health and a longer lifespan for the mice.
Unlike many other species, the rats do not often develop diseases —including cancer—as they age. Vera Gorbunova, the Doris Johns Cherry Professor of bi ology and medicine at Rochester, along with Andrei Seluanov, a professor of biology, and their colleagues have devoted decades of research to understanding the unique mechanisms(机制)that the naked mole rats use to protect themselves against aging and diseases. The researchers discovered that HMW-HA is one mechanism responsible for the rats’ unusual resistance to pared to mice and humans, naked mole rats have about ten times more HMW-HA in their bodies. When the researchers removed HMW-HA from the rat cells, the cells were more likely to form tumors (肿瘤).
“Our study provides a proof of principle that unique longevity mechanisms that evolved in long-lived mammals can be exported to improve the lifespans of other mammals,” says Gorbunova. As they successfully transferred a gene responsible for making HMW-HA from a naked mole rat to mice, leading to improved health and an approximate 4.4 percent increase in the lifespan for the mice, the Rochester researchers have opened exciting possibilities for unlocking the secrets of aging and extending human lifespan. “It took us 10 years from the discovery of HMW-HA in the naked mole rat to showing that HMW-HA improves health in mice,” Gorbunova says. “Our next goal is to transfer this benefit to humans.”
They believe they can accomplish this through two routes: either by slowing down the degradation (衰退) of HMW-HA or by enhancing HMW-HA synthesis (合成). “We hope that our findings will provide the first, but not the last, example of how longevity adaptations from a long-lived species can be adapted to benefit human longevity and health.” Seluanov says.
12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The beneficial effects of HMW-HA on humans.
B. The process of transferring genes producing HMW-HA.
C. The comparison between mice and humans in longevity.
D. The discovery of a unique mechanism for cancer resistance.
13. What can we learn about the researchers
A. They have unlocked the secrets of human longevity.
B. They plan to introduce longevity genes into humans.
C. They have spent 10 years trying to discover HMW-HA.
D. They believe that the longevity genes can be exported to any mammals.
14. What does Seluanov think of the prospect of extending human lifespan
A. Hopeful. B. Worrying. C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A Promise Shown in Control of Human Genes
B. Scientists Successfully Transfer Longevity Gene
C. Achievement Made in Extending Human Lifespan
D. New Breakthrough Paves the Way for Curing Cancer
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
“Mobile phones, tablets, and smartwatches will be largely banned in classrooms in the Netherlands from January 1, 2024,” the Dutch government said. The aim is to create an environment that limits the disturbance caused by these devices during lessons.
“There is increasing evidence that mobile phones have a harmful effect during lessons. ____16____ For this reason, mobile phones, as well as tablets and smartwatches, will no longer be allowed in classrooms from January 1, 2024,” the government said.
____17____ For example, they may be allowed during lessons focusing on digital skills, for medical purposes, or for individuals with disabilities who rely on such devices.
“Even though mobile phones are closely related to our lives, they do not belong in the classroom,” education minister Robbert Dijkgraaf said in a statement. “Students need to concentrate and need to be given the opportunity to study well. Mobile phones will disturb them, scientific research shows. ____18____”
“The ban is the result of an agreement between the ministry, schools, and related organizations. Schools can find their own way to organize the ban,” Dijkgraaf added, “____19____”
A similar ban was introduced in France in 2018 for primary and middle schools to improve focus and prevent online violence. ____20____ In most cases, mobile phones are already banned for the majority of the school day, said the UK government.
A. We need to protect students against this.
B. However, laws will follow if the results are not good enough.
C. And parents will also have to follow the rule.
D. Pupils are less able to concentrate and their performance suffers.
E Devices will be banned during the whole school day.
F. UK schools have also suggested that such a ban be introduced.
G. Devices will only be allowed if they are needed.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Many years ago, I was on an early morning flight to Ecuador. ____21____, during such long journeys, I would put on my headphones and go to sleep. ____22____, on this particular day, I decided to take a little ____23____.
I____24____ the silence and started a conversation with the man sitting next to me. I learned that this companion was a ____25____ and we had a fascinating conversation.
Mid-flight, I gathered the courage to take another risk, sharing with him a book proposal (书稿提案) I put together for something I was doing in my class. He read it, but politely ____26____ it. Upon landing, we exchanged contact information.
Months later, I ____27____ him, inviting him to my class to discuss a project on redesigning the book. I shared my students’ project videos. One particular project caught Mark’s ____28____.
He expressed a desire to meet these students. I admitted I was a little bit ____29____ for he seemed more interested in working with my students than with me.
After meeting the students I, together with him and his colleagues, _____30_____ together and life once again showed a (an) _____31_____ turn. During this dinner, one of his editors asked me if I’d ever considered writing a book. I shared the same proposal that his boss refused a year earlier. Within a fortnight, we had a contract, and within two years, over a million books had been _____32_____ around the world.
This journey may seem _____33_____, but it resulted from a series of small risks, beginning with a _____34_____ “hello.” Anyone can follow this path by _____35_____ these small risks and finally increase your chances of being lucky.
21.
A. Fortunately B. Typically C. Curiously D. Thankfully
22.
A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
23.
A. risk B. step C. chance D. politeness
24.
A. enjoyed B. maintained C. broke D. observed
25.
A. writer B. publisher C. teacher D. photographer
26.
A. agreed B. ignored C. approved D. declined
27.
A. reached out to B. made friends with C. lost contact with D. gave way to
28.
A. breath B. meaning C. interest D. imagination
29.
A. amazed B. hurt C. delighted D. stressed
30.
A. discussed B. gathered C. dined D. read
31.
A. unexpected B. disappointing C. wrong D. intentional
32.
A. donated B. copied C. sold D. painted
33.
A. easy B. joyful C. comfortable D. lucky
34.
A. simple B. surprising C. quick D. formal
35.
A. cutting B. hugging C. estimating D. avoiding
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the temperature continues to drop, the golden autumn seems to be coming to an end, indicating the ___36___(arrive) of the Cold Dew period. Cold Dew, known as “Hanlu” in Chinese,___37___ (fall) on October 8 and ends on October 23 this year.
During Cold Dew, temperatures drop ___38___(significant) and the sun cannot reach the deep waters thoroughly. Therefore, fish swim in shallow waters, ___39___the water temperature is relatively high, making Cold Dew the best season to cast a net or throw a line.
Chrysanthemums (菊花) are the symbolic flower of Cold Dew. ___40___(prevent) autumn dryness, many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. In ancient times, drinking wine made with chrysanthemums___41___(think) to allow people long-lasting youth.
Other traditions to mark the season include hiking and climbing. With maple (枫树) leaves ___42___ (turn) red, the splendour of color welcomes nature lovers. On the day of the Double Ninth Festival, which often is around Cold Dew, people often climb hills with cornels (茱萸),___43___ kind of plant. This custom, dating___44___the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-220), aims to drive bad things away.
Cold Dew allows us to say goodbye to golden autumn with delicate design, and also gives us a chance to know ____45____ (much) about the culture behind the solar terms.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 假设你校英语报就“我心中的偶像（Idol in my heart）”展开征文活动，你对该话题很感兴趣，拟投稿。你的短文必须包含以下内容：
1、谁是你心中的偶像？
2、你为什么会崇拜他（她）？
结合一个具体事例说明偶像在你成长过程中对你的影响。
注意： 词数100左右。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Carter enjoyed riding the school bus home. The ride home gave him some time to relax after a busy day of fifth grade. He usually sat alone and enjoyed that too. With four siblings (兄妹) he didn't get much time alone. Sometimes he sat with his younger brother, Jackson, but Jackson was sick at home today.
The bus stopped and the tallest boy in his class, Dexter, stepped off followed by his younger brother, Billy. As the bus pulled away, Carter looked back over his shoulder to watch the boys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brother. Billy said something Carter could not hear. Dexter yelled, gave his younger brother a hard shove and knocked him to the ground. Billy was on the ground wiping at his eyes, but Dexter walked away.
Carter turned in his seat, feeling disgusted. He hated seeing little kids get picked on (欺负).The sight of Billy on the ground crying was burned into his memory. He tried to think of something else.
He thought of the model car he was working on at home, a 1967 Corvette. He started building it over a week ago and just finished putting it together last night. Tonight, as soon as he finished his homework, he could start painting the car. That was his favorite part. He already had the perfect color of blue picked out.
He hurried off the bus, ran through his yard, and breezed through the kitchen with a quick hello to his mom. She was making spaghetti, which smelled delicious. He ran up the stairs two at a time and rushed into his room.
“Surprise!” his brother Jackson said, throwing his arms into the air. "What are you doing in my room I thought you were sick!”
“I feel better!”
"What's on your face Are you bleeding "
"No! I'm not bleeding." Jackson wiped at his face, probably just paint. Look! Look what I did!” He pointed at the desk in the comer of Carter's room.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Carter looked down at his desk in horror
Paragraph 2
Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist.
1-5 BBAAC 6-10BCABC 11-15ABCAC 16-20BACCB
