(共59张PPT)
Unit 2 Out of this world
Reading
Language Points
would-be
come to an end
would love to
differ from
definitely
adj. 想要成为…的人
结束
很乐意
与……不同；区别于……
adv.肯定；当然；确实
definite adj.
definition n. 定义
Para.1
(1). Key words and phrases
Living in space is every would-be astronaut's dream. My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.l bet you'd love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth——the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange!
在太空生活是每个想成为宇航员的人的梦想。我在空间站的六个月已经结束了，这是一次充满挑战但又充满魔力的冒险。我打赌你一定很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样的，以及它与地球上的生活有什么不同——低重力绝对会让普通的东西变得奇怪！
结束
与……不同
动词ing 开头做主语，谓语动词用单数。
what和how 分别引导宾语从句，做know 的宾语。
Para1
1.Living in space is every would-be astronaut's dream.
Para 1
在太空生活是每个想成为宇航员的人的梦想。
动词ing 开头做主语，谓语动词用单数。
中译英：阅读是一个非常好的拓展知识面的方法。
Reading is a great way to expand knowledge.
2. My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure. (L1)
and连接两个并列句
it指代my six-month stay
我在空间站的六个月已经结束了，这是一次充满挑战但奇妙的冒险。
1.come to an end 结束，告终
2.come to a close 结束
3.come to the rescue 援救
4.come to a dead end 进入死胡同
5.come to a decision 作出决定
6.come to a conclusion 做总结
时光飞逝，我们的寒假已经结束了。
Time flies, our winter holiday has come to an end.
3. I bet you’d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth. (L3)
译文：我敢打赌你很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样
子的，以及它与地球上的生活有什么不同。
省略了宾从的引导词that
that指代daily life
it指代daily life in space
①.我们八成儿太晚了。
I bet (that) we're too late.
②. 我敢跟你打赌他了解一切。
I'll bet you (that) he knows all about it.
I bet… 敢说；八成儿
apparent
due to
the near absence of gravity
attach
so that
not…any more
adj. 显然的
由于
几乎没有重力
v. 固定
因此
不再
Para.2
(1). Key words and phrases
The strangeness of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around. We usually sleep in private quarters, which are more like large upboards, or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling.
从我们睡觉的那一刻起，生活在太空中的奇怪就显而易见了。由于太空中几乎没有重力，我们不得不把自己固定住，这样我们就不会四处漂浮。我们通常睡在独立的睡眠区里，更像是大橱柜，或者睡在固定在墙上或天花板上的睡袋里。
由于
四处飘浮
be attached to被贴/挂/附着在……上，喜欢
Para2
没有重力
It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work.
尝试背部没有压力的情况下睡觉是奇怪的，但是我们不再为这些特别的床烦恼了。大约睡了8个小时后，我们就开始了一天的工作。
不再烦某人
but连接并列的句子
it做形式主语，that从句做真正主语
1. Due to the near abscence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.
absence U.不存在；缺乏 ; U./C. 缺席 ；
__________（adj）缺席的
由于太空中几乎没有重力，我们不得不把自己固定住，这样我们就不会四处漂浮。
absent
absent adj. 缺席的, 不在的, 缺乏的
present adj. (反义词)出席的
be absent from 缺席……
be present at 出席……
absence from work/school 缺勤/缺课
absence of mind 心不在焉
in one’s absence＝in the absence of 在某人不在时
in the absence of 因缺乏……
【拓展】
(1).老师已经把鲍勃经常缺课的情况告知了他的父母。
The teacher has informed Bob’s parents of his frequent_____________.
(2).缺乏责任感，什么工作也完不成。
___________________responsibility，no work can be accomplished．
(3).我不在时许多工作都堆到了一块儿，因此今天我只好加班了。
Much work piled up__________________，so I will have to work extra hours today．
absence from class/school
In the absence of
in my absence
那些上课心不在焉的人很快就会在学科学习上落下，通常如此。
He was _____________(专心致志) in his book, making him ___________________(缺席) the meeting. To tell the truth, I seldom see his ________________(缺席).
As is often the case, those who are absent-minded in class will lag/fall/be left behind in academic study very soon.
absorbed
absent from
absence
Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.
attach v.附加，附着 ; vt. 喜欢、依恋、固定
__________ n.附件
她的父母都认为教育很重要。
Her parents both attach great importance to education.
attachment
2.It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work.
尝试背部没有压力的情况下睡觉是奇怪的，但是我们不再为这些特别的床烦恼了。大约睡了8个小时后，我们就开始了一天的工作。
1. It’s strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual
beds don’t bother us any more. (L8)
形式主语
主语从句
真正主语
试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
bother vt. 使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力做某事；打扰
vi. 花费时间精力做某事
n. 麻烦，困难
bother sb. with sth. 使…烦恼
bother to do/doing sth. 费心、费时做…
(1)今天不要麻烦为我准备晚饭了，我要在外边吃。
You don't ____________ dinner for me today，I'll eat out．
(2)他总来缠着我，向我借钱，这使我很生气。
He is always ______________ lend him money，which makes me upset．
(3)那个淘气的男孩向我提了一大堆奇怪的问题，真烦人。
The naughty boy ________________ a great many strange questions．
bother to get
bothering me to
bothered me with
routine tasks
demanding
conduct scientific research
as well as
carry out
cast new light on
lead to
常规任务，日常工作
adj. 要求高的;需要高技能的
进行科学研究
也；和……一样
实施；开展
使……进一步了解
导致；通向
Para.3
(1). Key words and phrases
The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. Our main mission is to conduct scientific research. We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants. Creatures such as mice, fish and mosquitoes have also been sent to the station!
占据一天大部分时间的常规任务要求很高，但是它们也是非常有益的。我们的主要任务是进行科学研究．我们需要评估低重力对动植物的影响。比如老鼠、鱼、蚊子等生物也被送到了空间站！
Para3
占据了白天大部分时间
adj.要求高的，费力的
评估…的影响
进行科学研究
mosquitos
In a low-gravity environment, we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope. As well as doing these biological experiments, we carry out experiments in other research fields. I have been working on one experiment which locates and tracks lightning over large regions of the Earth.
在低重力环境下，我们可以在显微镜下更多地了解细胞和微生物的变化。除了做这些生物学实验，我们还进行其他研究领域的实验。我一直在做一个实验，定位和跟踪地球上大片地区的闪电。
开展实验，做实验
在显微镜下
Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection. With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
希望这个实验能为地球的气候带来新的认识，并带来更好的防雷保护。由于发生了这么多事情，空间站需要大量的维护，所以我们不断地检查支持系统，并做一些清洁。
with+宾语+现在分词短语 （with+宾语+宾补）
使进一步了解……
adv.不断地；经常地
so连接两个分句，and连接check和do两个并列谓语动词
1. The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but
they can also be extremely rewarding. (L11)
引导定语从句
they指代 the routine tasks
占据一天大部分时间的常规任务要求很高，但是它们也是非常有益的。
1. The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding.（L11）
occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；侵占；使忙于
occupation n. 工作，职业；占领
【拓展】
1.occupy oneself (in) doing sth./ with sth. 忙于做某事
2.occupied adj. 有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的
3.be occupied in doing 忙于做……
4.be occupied with sth. 忙于(做)某事
(1). 公共汽车上所有的座位都有人了。
All the seats on the bus ____________．
(2). 他忙于照看三个孩子。
He _____________________________three children．
(3).他既已退休，那如何打发日子呢
How does he _______________now that he’s retired
were occupied
is occupied in looking after
occupy himself
occupation, profession, career, job
occupation 泛指任何一种工作，常用于正式文件。
profession 需要特别教育和训练的职业，如医生、律师、教师等。
career 多年甚至终生从事的职业。
job 任何有收益的工作，指为雇主工作。
2. We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants. 我们需要评估低重力对动植物的影响。
evaluate vt. 评价，评估，评价
evaluation n. 评估，估算
1) It can be difficult ___________ (evaluate) the effectiveness of different treatments.
2) He does this by ___________ (evaluate) the strength of the evidence for each category.
3) We need to carry out a proper ___________ (evaluate) of the new system.
to evaluate
evaluating
evaluation
3. Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth’s climate and lead to
better lightning protection. (L18)
译文：希望它能让人们对地球气候有进一步的了解，并有助于
更好地避雷。
it指代 one experiment
cast new light on 使进一步了解
Human genome (人类基因组) research is casting new light on Alzheimer’s disease.
人类基因组研究正进一步了解阿尔兹海默症。
4. With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance,
so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning. (L18)
go on 发生，继续
with的复合结构在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。
maintenance n.维护,保养;维持
maintain v.保养;维持
译文：空间站发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经
常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。
with+名词/代词+非谓语
With so much homework ______ (do), I wasn’t permitted to watch TV.
With homework ______ (do), I was permitted to watch TV freely.
With my little brother _______ (play) around, I can’t focus on my work.
to do
done
playing
take place
perform tasks
in/under the circumstances
put on
protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation
head out
发生
执行任务
在这种情况下
穿上
保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害
外出
Para.4
(1). Key words and phrases
The most challenging work takes place when we need to perform tasks outsite the space station such as testing new equipment, monitoring scientific experiments or repairing the space station. In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalks.
最具挑战性的工作发生在我们需要在空间站外执行任务时，如测试新设备、监测科学实验或维修空间站。在这种情况下，是时候来场太空行走了。
Para.4
发生
v.执行，做
在这种情况下
是时候做某事
First ,we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.Then we heat out,and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time, with the beautiftul Earth visible below.
首先，我们穿上宇航服，它们能让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。然后我们就出发了，有时候执行任务要连续好几个小时，向下可以看到美丽的地球了。
保护某人免遭
一次，每次；在某时
非限制性定语从句
Splendid as the view of the Earth is ,spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.It's probably the most dangerous work, with potential risks such as electrie shocks. That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.
尽管地球的景色很壮观，但太空行走并不像你想象的那么令人兴奋。这可能是最危险的工作，有潜在的危险如电击。这就是为什么每次太空行走都是精心策划的。
as引导的让步状语从句（倒装），译为“虽然，尽管”
这就是为什么
1. In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalks.
在这种情况下，是时候来场太空行走了。
circumstance n.条件，状况
circumstances n.境况，(尤指)经济状况
in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
_____________ any circumstance 在任何情况下
_____________ the circumstances 在这种情况下
in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不
It makes sense in any circumstance to hold on to principle and distinguish right from wrong.
在任何情况下，坚持原则、明辨是非都是明智的行为。
in
under/in
circumstance, environment, surrounding
circumstance常用复数，指和某行动或某件事有关的客观环境和条件，如时间、地点等；
environment一般用单数，不用复数，指某人或某物周围的，并对人或物有影响的环境、条件，可以指精神的 (如注重道德的环境)，也可指物质的 (如工作环境)，还可以指自然环境 (如空气、水、土等)，或指人为的环境条件 (如经济环境)；
surrounding只用复数，指某人周围的事物或环境，这些事物与环境对他的思想、感情、修养有一定影响。
2.First we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.Then we heat out,and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time, with the beautiftul Earth visible below.
首先，我们穿上宇航服，它们能让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。然后我们就出发了，有时候执行任务要连续好几个小时，向下可以看到美丽的地球了。
exposure n. 面临，遭受；揭露；报道
expose v. 暴露，露出；揭露；使遭受；使接触；曝光
exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；易受攻击的；风险高的
夏天你最好不要让皮肤暴露在太阳下。（expose）
You’d better not expose your skin to the sun in summer.
老师们应该让学生尽可能多地接触真实的生活环境.
Teachers should _________________________ as many real life situations as possible.
expose students to
visible adj. 看得见的；明显的
invisible adj. 看不见的
visibly adv. 明显地
1).The outline of the mountains was clearly .
群山的轮廓清晰可见。
2).The house was surrounded by trees and from the road.
这所房子树木环绕，从路上是看不见的。
visible
invisible
3. Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.（L28）
as 引导的让步状语从句，
=though the view of the Earth is splendid
① Strong as you may be, you cannot lift the box.
② Student as he is, he does not study hard.
③Try as you will, you won't be able to persuade him.
④ Much as I admire his courage, I don't think he acted wisely.
as 在引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然，尽管”，通常将形容词、
名词、动词或副词等置于句首。
as…as…像…一样，同…一样
尽管地球的景色很壮观，但太空行走并不像你想象的那么令人兴奋。
改写：
①Though you may be strong, you cannot lift the box.
② Though he is a child, he knows a lot about history.
Strong as/though you may be, you cannot lift the box.
Child as/though he is, he knows a lot about history.
in view of
it’s a luxury to do
produce
take pills
考虑到，鉴于
……是一种奢侈
n. 农产品
吃药
Para.5
(1). Key words and phrases
In view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space. Most food is dried or freeze-dried. It's a luxury to eat fresh food, because fresh produce such as fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the Earth every couple of months.
鉴于低重力环境，太空中的饮食也是不一样的。大多数食物是脱水或冻干的。吃到新鲜的食物是一种奢侈，因为水果和蔬菜等新鲜农产品每隔几个月才能从地球运送到空问站。
para5
鉴于
v.运载，递送，发布
每隔几个月
……是一种奢侈
Salt and pepper are only in liquid form, so that they will not float away and block the air pipes. However, liquids can't be easily controlled in space. We must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic. Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
盐和胡椒只是以液体形式存在，这样它们就不会漂走，堵塞空气管道。然而，液体在太空中不容易控制。我们必须通过一根塑料管从袋子里喝水或其他液体。此外，以保持我们的身体健康，我们必须通过吃药来保证营养的均衡供应。
以液体的形式
吃药
to do表目的
被动语态
此外 in addition=besides=what’s more=additionally
1. In view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space. (L31)
鉴于低重力环境，在太空吃东西也不一样。
in view of/considering sth / given sth 鉴于；考虑到；由于
考虑到天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内进行。
in view 在视野范围内；在考虑中的；作为目标
point of view 观点；见地；立场
in the view of 按照……的观点
in my view 在我看来；我认为
come into view 看得见，进入视野
In view of the weather, the event will now be held indoors.
2. Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
ensure v. 确保，保证
ensure sb. sth. 确保某人得到..
ensure that+句子
1).The medicine should ensure you a good night’s sleep.
这个药应该能确保你晚上睡个好觉。
2).Our new research strategy ensures that we get the best possible results.
我们的新研究策略确保我们获得尽可能最好的结果。
此外，以保持我们的身体健康，我们必须通过吃药来保证营养的均衡供应。
be of vital importance
a significant amount of
discipline oneself to do
average workout
…至关重要
大量的……
严格约束自己做某事
日常锻炼，普通的锻炼
Para.6
(1). Key words and phrases
Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts’ health. Did you know that in just five months, astronauts could lose a significant amount of muscle and bone mass
花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康至关重要。你知道
吗？在短短五个月内，宇航员可能会失去大量的肌肉和
骨量。
be+of+n.至关重要
a mass of/masses of大量的
Para.6
Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body, we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day. Exercise in space is not your average workout. We have to be tied onto specially designed exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around.
考虑到低重力对人体的这些负面影响，我们要求自己每天至少锻炼两个小时。在太空中锻炼不是一般的锻炼。我们必须綁在专门设计的健身器材上，防止自己到处漂浮。
定语从句
鉴于，考虑到
阻止某人做某事
have negative effects on 对……有负面影响
严格要求自己做……
1. Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body, we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day. (L42)
考虑到低重力对于人体的这些负面影响，我们严格要求自己每天至少运动两个小时。
1). He disciplined himself to exercise at least 2 hours a day.
2). This is a good way to discipline your kid.
3). He keeps good discipline in class.
discipline
v.严格要求自己；惩罚;训练
n.训练，纪律，行为准则，自制力
v.严格要求自己
v.训练，管教
n.纪律
During our leisure time, there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by, taking pictures for our family and friends back home.
在我们的闲暇时间，我们最喜欢做的事情就是和其他船员一起舒服的坐下来，看着我们非凡的地球经过，拍下照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。
闲暇时间
我们最喜欢的是……
Para.7
经过，顺便拜访，凭……判断，时间流逝
现在分词短语做伴随状语
there is nothing ...more than to do..没有..更....(否定词+比较级）=最高级
there is nothing we like more than to do 我们最喜欢的是…
there is nothing we like less than to do 我们最不喜欢的是…
e.g. 1.我最不喜欢的就是撒谎。
2.我最喜欢的就是看英文电影
There is nothing I like less than to lie.
There is nothing I like more than to watch English movies.
As the space station travels at a speed of about 17,500 miles per hour, we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes. In these precious moments, all the challenges of life in space seem worth it.
由于空间站以每小时17500英里的速度运行，所以我们每隔90分钟就能看到日出。在这些珍贵的时刻，太空生活的所有挑战似乎都是值得的。
以……的速度行驶
adj.珍贵的，宝贵的
太空探索历史上令人激动人心的突破 (p15)
每个准宇航员的梦想(L1)
结束，终结(L2)
由于几乎没有重力(L6）
附在墙上的睡袋(L8)
实施科学研究(L12)
做生物实验(L17)
从事...(L17)
定位和追踪闪电(L18)
使进一步了解(L19)
breakthroughs in the history of space exploration
every would-be astronaut’s dream
come to an end
due to the near absence of gravity
sleeping bags attached to the walls
conduct scientific research
carry out/perform biological experiments
work on (doing) sth
locate and track lightning
cast/throw/shed new light on...
Summary
在太空站外执行任务(L22)
在这种情况下(L24)
保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害(L26)
电击(L29)
鉴于，考虑到(L31)
新鲜农产品(L32)
确保营养物质的平衡供应(L37)
对...至关重要(L39)
严格要求自己做某事(L42)
在我们空闲时间(L45)
休息(L45)
perform tasks outside the space station
in/under the circumstances
protect us from exposure to cold and radiation
electric shock
in view of/considering/given...
fresh produce
ensure a balanced supply of nutrients
be of vital importance
discipline oneself to do sth
during our leisure time
sit back
I. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the word or phrases in the box below.
occupy come to an end differ from
in the circumstances cast new light on
1. The English corner did not ______________ until about ten o’clock last night.
2. These discoveries may _______________ the origins of the universe.
3. ___________________ he felt he’d been very restrained(克制的).
4. How much memory does the program _______
5. Things in the world ____________ each other in a thousand ways.
come to an end
cast new light on
In the circumstances
occupy
differ from
visible circumstance absence cast new light on
bother evaluate mission of vital importance
P19
B1
missions
cast new light on
evaluate
visible
of vital importance
bothers
absence
circumstances
B2.The lecture transcript uses the words in the table plete the table with word from the same word family. Then try to think of more word families.
Verbs Nouns Adjectives Adverbs
adventure
differ
definitely
rewarding
remarkable
Verbs Nouns Adjectives Adverbs
adventure
differ
definitely
rewarding
remarkable
adventure
adventurous
adventurously
difference
different
differently
define
definition
definite, defining
reward
reward
rewardingly
remark
remark
remarkably
Verbs Nouns Adjectives Adverbs
experiment
hope
space
dream
sleep
experiment
experimental
experimentally
hope
hopeful
hopefully
space
spacious
spaciously
dream, dreamer
dreamy
dreamily
sleep, sleeper
sleepy
sleepilyB3U2 Life on a space station
Reading Ⅱ 语言知识点
Para 1
(1). Key words and phrases
1.would-be
2.come to an end
3.would love to
4.differ from
5.definitely
(2). Key sentences
1.Living in space is every would-be astronaut's dream. 译： 。
语言点： 。
中译英：阅读是一个非常好的拓展知识面的方法。
。
2.My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.
译： 。
and连接 ，it 指代 。
1.come to an end 4.come to a dead end
2.come to a close 5.come to a decision
3.come to the rescue 6.come to a conclusion
中译英：时光飞逝，我们的寒假已经结束了。
.
3.I bet you’d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth.
译： 。
一个大宾语从句是 .
两个小宾语从句是 ， .
it 指代的是 ，that指代的是 .
I bet…的意思是 。
中译英：
①.我们八成儿太晚了。 .
②. 我敢跟你打赌他了解一切。 .
Para 2
(1). Key words and phrases
1.apparent 4.attach
2.due to 5.so that
3.the near absence of gravity 6.not…any more
(2). Key sentences
1. Due to the near abscence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.
译： 。
absence U.不存在；缺乏 ; U./C. 缺席 ； __________（adj）缺席的
1.absence from work/school 5.absent
2.absence of mind 6.present
3.in one’s absence ＝in the absence of 7.be absent from
4.in the absence of 8.be present at
(1).老师已经把鲍勃经常缺课的情况告知了他的父母。
The teacher has informed Bob’s parents of his frequent________________.
(2).缺乏责任感，什么工作也完不成。
___________________responsibility，no work can be accomplished．
(3).我不在时许多工作都堆到了一块儿，因此今天我只好加班了。
Much work piled up__________________，so I will have to work extra hours today．
(4).中译英：那些上课心不在焉的人很快就会在学科学习上落下，通常如此。
.
(5).He was _____________(专心致志) in his book, making him ___________________(缺席) the meeting. To tell the truth, I seldom see his ________________(缺席).
attach v.附加，附着 ; vt. 喜欢、依恋、固定； __________ n.附件
中译英：她的父母都认为教育很重要。
。
2.It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work.
译： 。
but连接 ，it 充当 ，that引导 从句。
bother vt. 使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力做某事；打扰 ; vi. 花费时间精力做某事
n. 麻烦，困难
bother sb. with sth. 使…烦恼 ; bother to do/doing sth. 费心、费时做…
(1).今天不要麻烦为我准备晚饭了，我要在外边吃。
You don't ____________ dinner for me today，I'll eat out．
(2).他总来缠着我，向我借钱，这使我很生气。
He is always ______________ lend him money，which makes me upset．
(3).那个淘气的男孩向我提了一大堆奇怪的问题，真烦人。
The naughty boy ________________ a great many strange questions．
Para 3
(1). Key words and phrases
1.routine tasks
2.demanding
3.conduct scientific research
4.as well as
5.carry out
6.cast new light on
7.lead to
(2). Key sentences
1. The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding.
译： 。
that引导 ，but连接 ，they指代 。
occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；侵占；使忙于 ; occupation n. 工作，职业；占领
【拓展】
1.occupy oneself (in) doing sth./ with sth. 忙于做某事
2.occupied adj. 有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的
3.be occupied in doing 忙于做……
4.be occupied with sth. 忙于(做)某事
(1).公共汽车上所有的座位都有人了。
All the seats on the bus ____________．
(2).他忙于照看三个孩子。
He _____________________________three children．
(3).他既已退休，那如何打发日子呢
How does he _______________now that he’s retired
【辨析】 occupation, profession, career, job
occupation 泛指任何一种工作，常用于正式文件。
profession 需要特别教育和训练的职业，如医生、律师、教师等。
career 多年甚至终生从事的职业。
job 任何有收益的工作，指为雇主工作。
2. We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.
译： 。
evaluate vt. 评价，评估，评价 ; evaluation n. 评估，估算
1). It can be difficult ___________ (evaluate) the effectiveness of different treatments.
2). He does this by ___________ (evaluate) the strength of the evidence for each category.
3). We need to carry out a proper ___________ (evaluate) of the new system.
3. Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth’s climate and lead to better lightning protection.
译： 。
it 指代 。hopefully ，修饰 。
cast new light on 使进一步了解
英译中：Human genome (人类基因组) research is casting new light on Alzheimer’s disease.
。
4. With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
译： 。
1).With so much homework ______ (do), I wasn’t permitted to watch TV.
2).With homework ______ (do), I was permitted to watch TV freely.
3).With my little brother _______ (play) around, I can’t focus on my work.
Para 4
(1). Key words and phrases
1.take place 4.put on
2.perform tasks 5.protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation
3.in/under the circunstances 6.head out
(2). Key sentences
1.In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalks. 译： 。
circumstance n.条件，状况 circumstances n.境况，(尤指)经济状况
in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
_____________ any circumstance 在任何情况下
_____________ the circumstances 在这种情况下
in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不
英译中：It makes sense in any circumstance to hold on to principle and distinguish right from wrong.
。
【辨析】circumstance, environment, surrounding
circumstance常用复数，指和某行动或某件事有关的客观环境和条件，如时间、地点等；
environment一般用单数，不用复数，指某人或某物周围的，并对人或物有影响的环境、条件，可以指精神的 (如注重道德的环境)，也可指物质的 (如工作环境)，还可以指自然环境 (如空气、水、土等)，或指人为的环境条件 (如经济环境)；
surrounding只用复数，指某人周围的事物或环境，这些事物与环境对他的思想、感情、修养有一定影响。
2.First we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.Then we heat out,and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time, with the beautiftul Earth visible below.
译： 。
exposure n. 面临，遭受；揭露；报道
expose v. 暴露，露出；揭露；使遭受；使接触；曝光
exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；易受攻击的；风险高的
中译英：夏天你最好不要让皮肤暴露在太阳下。（expose）
.
老师们应该让学生尽可能多地接触真实的生活环境.
Teachers should _______________________ as many real life situations as possible.
visible adj. 看得见的；明显的； invisible adj. 看不见的； visibly adv. 明显地
1).The outline of the mountains was clearly .
2).The house was surrounded by trees and from the road.
3. Splendid as the view of the Earth is spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.
译： 。
as 引导 从句，相当于 。
①. Strong as you may be, you cannot lift the box.
②. Student as he is, he does not study hard.
③. Try as you will, you won't be able to persuade him.
④. Much as I admire his courage, I don't think he acted wisely.
结论：as 在引导 从句时，意为“ ”，通常将 、 、 或 等置于句首。
改写：
①.Though you may be strong, you cannot lift the box.
.
②.Though he is a child, he knows a lot about history.
.
Para 5
(1). Key words and phrases
1.in view of 3.produce
2.it’s luxury to do 4.take pills
(2). Key sentences
1. In view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space.译： 。
in view of/ considering sth / given sth 鉴于；考虑到；由于
中译英：考虑到天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内进行。
.
【拓展】
1.in view 在视野范围内；在考虑中的；作为目标
2.point of view 观点；见地；立场
3.in the view of 按照……的观点
4.in my view 在我看来；我认为
5.come into view 看得见，进入视野
2. Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
译： 。
ensure v. 确保，保证
ensure sb. sth. 确保某人得到..
ensure that+句子
英译中：1).The medicine should ensure you a good night’s sleep.
。
2).Our new research strategy ensures that we get the best possible results.
。
Para 6
(1). Key words and phrases
1.be of vital importance 3.discipline oneself to do
2.a significant amount of 4.average workout
(2). Key sentences
1. Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body, we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day.
译： 。
discipline v. ; n. .
1). He disciplined himself to exercise at least 2 hours a day. .
2). This is a good way to discipline your kid. .
3). He keeps good discipline in class. .
Para 7
1. During our leisure time, there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by, taking pictures for our family and friends back home.
译： 。
闲暇时间 ， go by ；
taking与we 是 关系，引导 ；
我们最喜欢的是 ，我们最不喜欢的是 .
中译英：1).我最不喜欢的就是撒谎。
.
2).我最喜欢的就是看英文电影。
.
(
13.保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害(L26)
.
14.电击(L29)
.
15.鉴于，考虑到(L31)
.
16.新鲜农产品(L32)
.
17.确保营养物质的平衡供应(L37)
.
18.对...至关重要(L39)
.
19.严格要求自己做某事(L42)
.
20.在我们空闲时间(L45)
.
21.休息(L45)
.
)Summary
1.太空探索历史上令人激动人心的突破 (p15)
.
2.每个准宇航员的梦想(L1) .
3.结束，终结(L2) .
4.由于几乎没有重力(L6） .
5.附在墙上的睡袋(L8) .
6.实施科学研究(L12) .
7.做生物实验(L17) .
8.从事...(L17) .
9.定位和追踪闪电(L18) .
10.使进一步了解(L19) .
11.在太空站外执行任务(L22) .
12.在这种情况下(L24) .
