大峪中学2023~2024第二学期高二年级
英语学科开学考试试卷
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
考生须知
1. 本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校和姓名，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题用2B铅笔作答，其它试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4. 考试结束，将试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第1小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
1. Why isn’t the man’s mobile phone working
A. The battery is low. B. He didn’t pay the bill. C. There are no signals in the area.
听下面一段对话，回答第2小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
2. What kind of article did the woman write
A. Biography. B. Poetry. C. Fiction.
听下面一段对话，回答第3小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. Going to the movies. B. Going to the zoo. C. Watching cartoons.
听下面一段对话，回答第4小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
4 What does the woman think of the requirement
A. Interesting. B. Exciting. C. Surprising.
听下面一段对话，回答第5小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
5. Why didn’t the woman have breakfast
A. She is busy with her paper. B. She gets used to skipping it. C. She doesn’t think it’s important.
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。
6. What is Harold trying to do in the book
A. Cross the street. B. Go into space. C. Catch a bus.
7. What does the man like the most about the book
A. The main character. B. The theme. C. The author.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。
8. Why didn’t the man buy any milk today
A. He forgot to buy it. B. The store ran out of milk. C. He read some negative words about milk.
9. What do we know about the woman
A. She seldom drinks milk. B. Her opinions always change. C. She doesn’t trust those experts.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三道小题。
10. What’s the man’s plan before going to college
A. To read books about medicine. B. To go to work and earn some money. C. To travel around the country.
11. When did the woman feel she became independent
A. After she started her first job.
B. After she moved away from home.
C. After she suffered from a disease.
12. Where does the man want to work in the future
A. In a school. B. In a hospital. C. At a fire station.
听下面一段独白，回答第13至第15小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三道小题。
13. Why does Emma take part in the project
A. To gain work experience. B. To help old lonely people. C. To look after her grandmother.
14. What does the speaker like to do with old people
A. Play games. B. Read books. C. Arrange flowers.
15. What impressed the speaker most about Mitzi
A. Her organ donation agreement. B. Her decision to return to work. C. Her contribution to technology.
第三节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20小题，每空只需填写一个词，听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间，本段独白你将听两遍。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题。
第二部分 知识运用(共三节，44分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was in my home office on a cold Sunday when I heard a quick knock on the door. I ___1___ downstairs, threw open the door and saw my dad ___2___ something wrapped up in paper in his arms. Strangely, he had given no hint (暗示) of it when we spoke on the phone last night.
“Open it.” he said.
I opened it to find a yellow begonia (秋海棠). It occurred to me that it was Mother’s Day.
“But···but I’m not a mother.” I said, ___3___.
My dad smiled, “Well, some special people aren’t mothers. but I think they ___4___ to get flowers, too.” With that, he hugged me and drove off.
Later, I called to thank him and we got to talking a lot. That’s when he let me in on his little ___5___. He had decided that he would challenge himself to do one act of ___6___ per day. It had started several weeks before when he accidentally knew a friend of his was having a rough day. He knew she loved ice cream, so he drove straight to her house with a huge tub of ice cream.
“She laughed ___7___ when she saw it” he said, “It really delighted me to know that I had ___8___ her day.”
When asked why, he added, “I already know about the importance of being ___9___ in the moment. So, I try to be there with each person I am spending time with. I want them to feel important and believe in the goodness in people in that moment.”
I realized my dad was making a difference in people’s lives. ___10___, I also want to be more like my dad, who goes out of his way to make people feel loved and cared for.
1.
A. fell B. waited C. raced D. looked
2.
A. shaking B. pulling C. holding D. collecting
3.
A. annoyed B. confused C. worried D. disappointed
4.
A. deserve B. decide C. promise D. pretend
5.
A. celebration B. joke C. secret D. excuse
6.
A. faith B. courage C. appreciation D. kindness
7.
A. coldly B. excitedly C. proudly D. nervously
8.
A. kept B. spent C. predicted D. brightened
9.
A. present B. healthy C. patient D. humorous
10.
A. Depressed B. Inspired C. Terrified D. Astonished
第二节 选词填空(共7小题；每小题2分，共14分)
阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。
have an impact on boil down to leave out significant boost for instance be known as
11. Anne Sullivan was a superb teacher who ________________ Hellen Keller.
12. Susan’s success in business ________________ her determination and bravery.
13. They’re building new hotels in order to ________________ tourism in this area.
14. John explained the case to his boss, being careful not to ________________ any important details.
15. The discovery of the new drug is of great ________________ to people suffering from heart disease.
16. We made many improvements to our house. ________________, we painted the walls and bought a sofa.
17. In the third mass extinction, which ________________ the “Great Dying” now, more than 90% of all species died out.
第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
18. What a nice day today! Do you feel like ________ (go) for a picnic (所给词的适当形式填空)
19. Sam ________ (write) the novel for three years and it was published last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20. Don’t phone me between 10:00 and 11:30 tomorrow morning. I ________ a meeting then. (have) (所给词的适当形式填空)
21. We ________ (wait) for him for over an hour when he finally turned up at the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________ (develop) after tireless efforts. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________ (amuse) with her stories. (所给词的适当形式填空)
24. ________ worried me that my mother’s eyesight was declining. (用适当的词填空)
25. After the heavy rain, the ground got so wet, ________ caused a lot of road accidents. (用适当的词填空)
26. She brought her three friends to the party, none of ________I had ever met before. (用适当的词填空)
27. We need to take steps to save endangered species, including setting up special zones ________ plants and animals can be protected. (用适当的词填空)
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，44分)
第一节(共17小题；每小题2分，共34分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whether your dream is to write a best-selling novel, design an award-winning advertisement, or simply describe stories from your own life, the course “Creative Storytelling and Creative Writing” in European Winter School will be idea l for you. It takes place on campus in Prague, capital of the Czech Republic, from January 29 to February 9,2024.
Who can apply
The course is available for both students and young professionals worldwide.
Requirements:
·A minimum age of 18(average age is 23).
·Medium level of English (Basic 1/Basic 2) required
·A personal laptop/table t is needed for the majority of lessons.
What skills can you get
While this course focuses on the importance of a story, we will mainly pay attention to the writer (his/her imagination, vocabulary, narrative styles, critical thinking, and experience)—YOU.
·You will master the art of storytelling (“Show Don’t Tell” techniques).
·You will think imaginatively and creatively with an outside-the-box attitude.
·You will write for the audience with an ability to make them see your point of view.
·You will sell your idea, concept or product through a variety of narrative tools and methods, such as presentation, advertisement, blog, CV, essay and public speech.
·You will improve your English vocabulary, composition and writing style.
What is the price
We work on a first-come, first-served basis. The cost of the two-week course is ?950, with an Early Bird fee of ?850. You can only use the Early Bird discount until January 22, 2024. The fee includes:
·Course and study materials
·Application fee
·Weekly activities (except for entrance fees and weekend trips)
Please note: From January 26,2024 there will be a ?50 charged as a late application fee for all applications received after this deadline. Other expenses, such as meals, accommodation, and insurance are not included in the price.
Click here https:// for more information.
28. According to the passage, applicants should ________.
A. know some basic English B. be good at computers
C. come from European countries D. be aged between 18 and 23
29. After attending the course, applicants will be able to ________.
A. design narrative tools B. improve writing skills
C. develop computer skills D. apply “Tell Don’t Show” methods
30. If you apply for the course on January 28, 2024, how much should you pay
A. ?850. B. ?900. C. ?950. D. ?1,000.
B
My Day of No Plastic
Since its invention, plastic has affected every aspect of our lives. It has made possible thousands of conveniences, but it has come with downsides, especially for the environment. In a 24-hour experiment, I tried to live without it to see what plastic stuff we can’t do without and what we may be able to give up.
At the start of my no-plastic day, I made my way toward the bathroom, only to stop myself before I went in. “Could you open the door for me ” I asked my wife. “The handle is plastic.” She opened it for me, letting out a “this is going to be a long day” sigh (叹气).
My morning routine was a headache. I couldn’t use my toothpaste, toothbrush, shampoo or soap, all of which were made of plastic or put in plastic containers. Getting dressed was also a challenge, given that so many clothing items include plastic.
When I went out, I brought along two glass containers and cloth bags of various sizes. I walked to a sandwich shop. “Can you make the salad in this glass container ” I asked. The manager said OK but then rejected my request to use my steel spoon.
After lunch, I took the subway to Central Park, which scored me more violations (违规), since I need a MetroCard and the trains themselves have plastic parts. But at least I didn’t sit in one of those plastic seats.
Back home, I recorded some of my impressions. By my count, on my day of no plastic, I had made 164 violations. I felt defeated. And also uncertain. The next day I called Gabby Salazar, a scientist who studies what motivates people to support environmental causes, and asked her for advice.
“You can drive yourself crazy,” she said, “but it’s not about perfection. It’s about progress.” Believe it or not, individual behavior matters. It adds up. “Remember,” she continued, “it’s not about plastic being the enemy. It’s about single-use as the enemy.”
I promised to try, even after my not successful attempt. I’ll start with small things, building up habits. I can take cloth bags to the grocery. I might start packing my glass water bottle and steel spoon. And from there, who knows
31. The author conducted the 24-hour experiment because ________.
A. he was tired of using plastic stuff in his daily life
B. he tried to call upon people to ban plastic products
C. he wondered how much plastic he consumed each day
D. he wanted to figure out how to use plastic stuff wisely
32. Why did the author’s wife sigh
A. Because she didn’t know his intention.
B. Because she worried about her husband.
C. Because she thought it hard to avoid using plastic.
D. Because she didn’t realize the downsides of plastic.
C
“Find your passion!” is an appeal well-intended and meant to inspire. But is it good advice
“Finding” a passion implies that it already exists and is simply waiting to be discovered. Unfortunately, this idea doesn’t square with what science tells us. Instead, passions are developed. They often begin with a spark (火花) of curiosity caused by something in one’s environment, such as a fascinating physics lecture. Through a process involving repeated engagement and-positive experiences, people can come to personally value that content or activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becomes an interest. If these qualities continue to intensify, a passion can emerge.
Actually, assuming passion as inborn tend to cause people to be less open, less courageous in the face of challenges and less creative in pursuit of new interests. Thus, encouraging people to “find” their passion may cause them to eventually believe that interests and passions are unchangeable. People who think this have a fixed mindset of interest. By contrast, some people, whom we refer to as having a growth mindset of interest, view their interests and passions as developed.
People with a fixed mindset of interest, for example, may fall into the trap of thinking, “If I have already found my passion, why keep exploring ” In recent studies, after engaging in a new science task, arts students with a fixed mindset expressed less interest in a scientific topic than arts students with a growth mindset. Meanwhile, science students with a fixed mindset responded similarly to an art-related task. For those with a growth mindset, having a strong pre-existing interest in the arts or sciences did not get in the way of them viewing a new area as interesting.
Worse still, people with a fixed mindset of interest tend to expect their passions to provide limitless motivation, such that their favorite topics should never feel too difficult or demanding. Such a mindset can also limit creativity and innovation. If people believe they are restricted to only a few inborn interests and, in consequence, do not explore other areas, they may miss seeing important connections across different fields. That loss is especially unfortunate considering how leaders at innovative companies have long prized problem-solving that draw ideas from diverse disciplines.
Of course, not every activity will become a burning passion. But a growth mindset of interest will help you remain open and curious. The old saying “find something you love to do, and you’ll never have to work a day in your life” needs to be updated.
33. The author uses the sentence underlined in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A. set a target for criticism B. point out the fact
C. confirm people’s finding D. voice his opinion
34. What can we learn from the passage
A. Any interesting activity can spark a passion.
B. Companies prefer those who specialize in one field.
C. People with a fixed mindset of interest are hard to be motivated.
D. A growth mindset of interest promotes creativity and innovation.
35. Which will the author probably agree with
A. One should count on luck to excite a burning passion.
B. Reinforced positive experiences contribute to passion.
C. Those already interested in a field find new areas boring.
D. We’d better cherish the existing passion and look for more.
D
If the great dinosaurs hadn’t gone extinct, would they have dominated Earth today There has been a debate about this possibility for decades. Recently two analyses have put the surprising cognitive (认知) abilities of dinosaurs — and their potential limitations — in a new light.
In one study, Suzana Herculano-Houzel at Vanderbilt University calculated the likely number of neurons (神经细胞) in dinosaurs’ pallium, a brain structure that is responsible for advanced cognitive functions. Research suggests that it is the number of neurons in these areas, rather than the brain size, that indicates an animal’s cognitive potential. For example, despite having a very small head, birds have more densely packed brain cells than many mammals (哺乳动物) and so can possess roughly as many neurons as monkeys. The result is that some birds show great cognitive abilities, comparable to the smartest non-human mammals. And it is precisely birds, being the only surviving lineage (宗系) of dinosaurs, that are Herculano-Houzel’s foundation. By comparing the relationship between brain size, number of neurons and body size in numerous existing birds and available fossils of dinosaurs, Herculano-Houzel concludes that a large dinosaur such as T. rex could have housed two billion to three billion neurons in its pallium. If so, dinosaurs could have had the capacity for tool use and planning for the future.
But neurons’ number may not be enough. For intelligence, brain architecture also matters. And this could be the weakness of dinosaurs, argues Anton Reiner from the University of Tennessee. Over 350 million years of separate evolution, mammals and dinosaurs found two rather different ways to organize cognitive functions. The mammalian neurons are organized in a relatively thin layer formed by compact columns. In each column, different parts can communicate with one another over short distances. In contrast, in the dinosaurs that survive today, namely birds, the organization is less compact. According to Reiner, expanding brain capabilities beyond a certain point could make the structure far more complex and less efficient than it is in humans. If this were the case, an increase in brain size would correspond to a greater distance between different parts of the brain, slowing down their communication.
The issue remains open to debate. Herculano-Houzel and Reiner each published a paper with rejections to the other’s argument. Meanwhile, other scientists have entered the fight. For example, neurobiologist Giorgio Vallortigara assumes that speed in transmitting information between networks of neurons is probably one of dinosaurs’ strengths.
Whatever the truth is, understanding how and if brain architecture imposes limits on the development of cognition could reveal much about the evolution of abilities and behaviors of various animals. Also, this debate may tell us more about our own species than about dinosaurs.
36. Why do Herculano-Houzel and Reiner study birds
A. Because birds are more intelligent than dinosaurs.
B. Because birds’ brain structures are the same as dinosaurs’.
C. Because birds are the only survivors of the dinosaur family.
D. Because birds have the same cognitive abilities as dinosaurs.
37. What does the word “compact” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A. Tight. B. Light. C. Large. D. Wide.
38. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Dinosaurs’ ability for tool use owes to bigger brains.
B The number of neurons has little to do with brain architecture.
C Greater inter-brain distance causes higher cognitive efficiency.
D. The factors behind dinosaur intelligence remain to be identified.
39. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Are Dinosaurs Comparable to Humans in Intelligence
B. Are Dinosaurs with Bigger Brains the Ultimate Geniuses
C. How Smart Were Dinosaurs New Studies Fuel the Debate
D. Can Dinosaurs Outsmart Birds Researches Cast a New Light
E
As higher education leaders dive deeper into the conversation on Digital Transformation and Education 4.0, they are also learning how to incorporate the Digital Twins realm concept into their curricula, because Digital Twin technology can serve the university of the future.
A Digital Twin is a virtual representation of a real object or system which is updated from real-time data and uses machine learning, simulation (模拟), and reasoning to help decision-making. In other words, a Digital Twin can create a highly complex virtual model which is the exact replica of a physical thing. Connected sensors on a smart campus can collect data in real time. This data is used to create a map onto the virtual model, thus creating a Digital Twin of a campus. When school administrators look at the Digital Twin, they can see crucial information about how the real campus is doing.
The applications for Digital Twin technology do not stop there. Students and faculty can benefit from using the technology as well. For example, hybrid classrooms have become more and more common nowadays. Digital technologies have accelerated the transition into the university of the future. Digital Twin technology, one of the trending technologies related to Industry 4.0, helps faculty create simulation models based on course requirements.
Digital Twin technology makes the ultimate immersive learning experience possible. By using a Digital Twin, students can learn highly engaging tasks which can be too dangerous, complex, or expensive for the classroom. Rather than hands-on laboratory dissection of a physical frog to learn animal science or having to wait for available human organs in the health science lah, medical students can use the virtual twin of an animal or human organs for their study.
The complexity of chemistry or microbiology requires students to be totally engaged. By using Digital Twins in a Virtual Reality simulated learning experience, faculty can achieve a maximum level of engagement helping each student learn abstract concepts in their own unique way and much faster. By running simulations, students can better explore system behavior under different conditions, understand failure and develop an understanding of system sensibilities as well as how changes in the system parameters (参数) and external disruptions make an impact on the results.
Some universities, such as Stanford and Copenhagen School of Marine Engineering, have incorporated Digital Twin technology into their teaching curricula, applying it to disciplines like architecture and engineering as they believe they are the reality of the industry. Overall, this enhances student motivation, accelerates understanding, and improves the overall learning experience. Moreover, the industry encourages universities to incorporate educational Digital Twins in automation to give students the initial understanding of tools and skills they will need in their future.
40. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that Digital Twins ________.
A. remain a concept B. are virtual copies of real objects
C. represent future education D. can operate campuses remotely
41. Which of the following statements might the author agree with
A. Education 4.0 facilitates the development of Digital Twins.
B. New technology poses potential threats to college teachers.
C. Digital Twin technology in higher education is on the horizon.
D. Virtual classrooms have grown in popularity under Industry 4.0.
42. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A. B. C. D.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。(注意：A，B，C，D选项正常涂卡。E涂AB F涂AC G涂AD)
For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. ___43___ According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. This is upsetting, as completing college is as important as ever.
___44___ Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. This college income advantage is due to technological advances like the personal computer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand for skilled workers. The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. ___45___
It is understandable why many students and families suspect that college is no longer “worth it.” College tuition has been rising for years, and many students fear being burdened with loans after graduation. But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. ___46___ In other words, the investment paid off.
To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. ___47___ With these resources, students can gain a reasonable picture of what their future holds down each potential path.
A. To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path.
B. However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration.
C. These attitudes are also reflected in the actions of the youngest generation.
D. Higher education must make college pricing clear to would-be college-goers.
E. Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages.
F. Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later.
G. For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools.
第四部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题；第70、71题各2分，第72题3分，第73题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control
For better or worse we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. In a recent survey, most people said they felt stressed out by group messages, which can feel like a part-time job.
Connection is wonderful. Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day, a reminder that you’re part of something.
Some researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when you’re alone, you’re not alone. One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(回声定位), the process that some animals, such as bats and dolphins, use to locate objects: They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings. Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.
But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming. Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a “waterfall type of effect”, where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you’re underwater. Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities, communication styles, and expectations for group norms. Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension.
Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn’t just about the group-chat or even mobile technology in general; it’s about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others. Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties.
48. What is the feature of Grexts
________________________________
49. How might humans use group chats like echolocation
________________________________
50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered.
________________________________
51. Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others. (In about 40 words)
________________________________
第二节(20分)
52. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校将于下周举办校园书市活动，你打算邀请英国交换生Jim参加，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动安排。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：书市book fair
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua大峪中学2023~2024第二学期高二年级
英语学科开学考试试卷
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
考生须知
1. 本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校和姓名，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题用2B铅笔作答，其它试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4. 考试结束，将试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第1小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
1. Why isn’t the man’s mobile phone working
A. The battery is low. B. He didn’t pay the bill. C. There are no signals in the area.
听下面一段对话，回答第2小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
2. What kind of article did the woman write
A. Biography. B. Poetry. C. Fiction.
听下面一段对话，回答第3小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. Going to the movies. B. Going to the zoo. C. Watching cartoons.
听下面一段对话，回答第4小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
4. What does the woman think of the requirement
A. Interesting. B. Exciting. C. Surprising.
听下面一段对话，回答第5小题。现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读该小题。
5. Why didn’t the woman have breakfast
A. She is busy with her paper. B. She gets used to skipping it. C. She doesn’t think it’s important.
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。
6. What is Harold trying to do in the book
A. Cross the street. B. Go into space. C. Catch a bus.
7. What does the man like the most about the book
A. The main character. B. The theme. C. The author.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。
8. Why didn’t the man buy any milk today
A. He forgot to buy it. B. The store ran out of milk. C. He read some negative words about milk.
9. What do we know about the woman
A. She seldom drinks milk. B. Her opinions always change. C. She doesn’t trust those experts.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三道小题。
10. What’s the man’s plan before going to college
A. To read books about medicine. B. To go to work and earn some money. C. To travel around the country.
11. When did the woman feel she became independent
A. After she started her first job.
B. After she moved away from home.
C. After she suffered from a disease.
12. Where does the man want to work in the future
A. In a school. B. In a hospital. C. At a fire station.
听下面一段独白，回答第13至第15小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三道小题。
13. Why does Emma take part in the project
A. To gain work experience. B. To help old lonely people. C. To look after her grandmother.
14. What does the speaker like to do with old people
A. Play games. B. Read books. C. Arrange flowers.
15. What impressed the speaker most about Mitzi
A. Her organ donation agreement. B. Her decision to return to work. C. Her contribution to technology.
第三节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20小题，每空只需填写一个词，听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间，本段独白你将听两遍。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题。
第二部分 知识运用(共三节，44分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was in my home office on a cold Sunday when I heard a quick knock on the door. I ___1___ downstairs, threw open the door and saw my dad ___2___ something wrapped up in paper in his arms. Strangely, he had given no hint (暗示) of it when we spoke on the phone last night.
“Open it.” he said.
I opened it to find a yellow begonia (秋海棠). It occurred to me that it was Mother’s Day.
“But···but I’m not a mother.” I said, ___3___.
My dad smiled, “Well, some special people aren’t mothers. but I think they ___4___ to get flowers, too.” With that, he hugged me and drove off.
Later, I called to thank him and we got to talking a lot. That’s when he let me in on his little ___5___. He had decided that he would challenge himself to do one act of ___6___ per day. It had started several weeks before when he accidentally knew a friend of his was having a rough day. He knew she loved ice cream, so he drove straight to her house with a huge tub of ice cream.
“She laughed ___7___ when she saw it,” he said, “It really delighted me to know that I had ___8___ her day.”
When asked why, he added, “I already know about the importance of being ___9___ in the moment. So, I try to be there with each person I am spending time with. I want them to feel important and believe in the goodness in people in that moment.”
I realized my dad was making a difference in people’s lives. ___10___, I also want to be more like my dad, who goes out of his way to make people feel loved and cared for.
1.
A. fell B. waited C. raced D. looked
2.
A. shaking B. pulling C. holding D. collecting
3.
A. annoyed B. confused C. worried D. disappointed
4.
A. deserve B. decide C. promise D. pretend
5.
A. celebration B. joke C. secret D. excuse
6.
A. faith B. courage C. appreciation D. kindness
7.
A. coldly B. excitedly C. proudly D. nervously
8.
A. kept B. spent C. predicted D. brightened
9.
A. present B. healthy C. patient D. humorous
10.
A. Depressed B. Inspired C. Terrified D. Astonished
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述爸爸在母亲节送给作者花，让作者感到困惑，随后爸爸向作者透露自己决定日行一善的秘密，作者也受到鼓舞，决定像爸爸一样。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑下楼，猛地推开门，看到爸爸手里拿着用纸包着的什么东西。A. fell掉下；B. waited等待；C. raced快速移动；D. looked看。根据上文“when I heard a quick knock on the door”可知，作者听到急促的敲门声应是快速下楼开门，故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shaking摇动；B. pulling拉；C. holding拿着；D. collecting收集。根据“in his arms”可知，此处指爸爸拿着什么东西，故选C。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但是……但是我不是一个母亲。”我疑惑地说。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. confused 困惑的；C. worried担心的；D. disappointed失望的。结合上文“It occurred to me that it was Mother’s Day.(我突然想起今天是母亲节)”以及“but I’m not a mother(但我不是母亲)”可知，爸爸在母亲节送花给作者，作者不是一位母亲，这让作者感到困惑，故选B。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸笑着说：“嗯，有些特别的人不是妈妈，但我认为她们也应该得到鲜花。”A. deserve值得，应得；B. decide决定；C. promise承诺；D. pretend假装。根据“some special people aren’t mothers”以及转折词“but”可知，爸爸认为作者对于自己是特别的人，虽然不是妈妈，也值得得到花，故选A。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他告诉了我他的小秘密。A. celebration庆祝，庆典；B. joke玩笑；C. secret秘密；D. excuse借口。根据下文“He had decided that he would challenge himself to do one act of ___6___ per day.”可知，爸爸决定每天要做一点善事，这是爸爸的小秘密，故选C。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定挑战自己，每天做一件善事。A. faith信仰；B. courage勇气；C. appreciation感激；D. kindness善意，善良。根据上文爸爸送花给作者以及最后一段中“I also want to be more like my dad, who goes out of his way to make people feel loved and cared for(我也想更像我的父亲，他不遗余力地让人们感到被爱和被关心)”可知，爸爸不遗余力地让人们感到被爱和被关心，故他是每天做一件善事，故选D。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当她看到它时，她兴奋地笑了起来，”他说，“知道我让她的一天变得愉快，我真的很高兴。”A. coldly冷漠地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文“He knew she loved ice cream, so he drove straight to her house with a huge tub of ice cream.(他知道她喜欢吃冰淇淋，所以他带着一大桶冰淇淋直接开车去了她家)”以及空前的“laughed”可知，她喜欢吃冰淇淋，所以看到冰淇淋应是兴奋地大笑，故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kept保持；B. spent花费；C. predicted预测；D. brightened（使）快活起来。根据上文“She laughed”可知，爸爸的行为让她高兴起来，故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当被问及原因时，他补充说：“我已经知道在某个时刻陪在身边的重要性。”A. present在场，出现；B. healthy健康的；C. patient耐心的；D. humorous幽默的。根据上文“he drove straight to her house with a huge tub of ice cream”提到爸爸去朋友家送冰淇淋以及下文“So, I try to be there”可知，此处指在某个时刻出现在身边，故选A。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我备受鼓舞，也想更像我的父亲，他不遗余力地让人们感到被爱和被关心。A. Depressed沮丧的； B. Inspired受到启发的，受到鼓舞的；C. Terrified害怕的；D. Astonished震惊的。根据“I also want to be more like my dad”可知，作者受到爸爸的鼓舞，也想做一个和他一样的人，故选B。
第二节 选词填空(共7小题；每小题2分，共14分)
阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。
have an impact on boil down to leave out significant boost for instance be known as
11. Anne Sullivan was a superb teacher who ________________ Hellen Keller.
12. Susan’s success in business ________________ her determination and bravery.
13. They’re building new hotels in order to ________________ tourism in this area.
14. John explained the case to his boss, being careful not to ________________ any important details.
15. The discovery of the new drug is of great ________________ to people suffering from heart disease.
16. We made many improvements to our house. ________________, we painted the walls and bought a sofa.
17. In the third mass extinction, which ________________ the “Great Dying” now, more than 90% of all species died out.
【答案】11. had an impact on
12. boils down to
13. boost 14. leave out
15. significance
16. for instance
17. is known as
【解析】
【11题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：安妮·沙利文是一位极好的老师，她对海伦·凯勒产生了影响。根据句意可知，空处为“have an impact on”（对……有影响），再结合 was可知，为一般过去时。故填had an impact on。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：苏珊事业上的成功归结于她的决心和勇气。根据句意可知，空处为“boil down to”（归结于），本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。故填boils down to。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：为了促进这个地区的旅游业，他们正在建造新的旅馆。根据句意可知，空处为boost“提高”，in order to do sth。故填boost。
【14题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：约翰向老板解释了情况，小心翼翼地不遗漏任何重要细节。根据句意可知，空处为“leave out”（遗漏），to后接动词原形。故填leave out。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种新药的发现对心脏病患者有重大意义。本句为be of+抽象名词的用法，significance“重要性”符合句意。故填significance。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们对房子做了许多改进。例如，我们粉刷了墙壁，买了一个沙发。根据句意可知，作状语，表示“例如”用for instance。故填for instance。
【17题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：在第三次大灭绝中，也就是现在所说的“大灭绝”中，超过90%的物种灭绝了。根据句意可知，空处为短语be known as“作为……而出名”，再结合now可知，本句为一般现在时。故填is known as。
第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
18. What a nice day today! Do you feel like ________ (go) for a picnic (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】going
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天天气真好！你想去野餐吗？feel like doing sth“想要做某事”，固定短语，此处应用动名词形式作宾语，故填going。
19. Sam ________ (write) the novel for three years and it was published last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had written
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：萨姆写这本小说已经三年了，上周出版了。根据“it was published last week”可知，小说上周出版，而“write”表示的动作发生在出版之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故填had written。
20. Don’t phone me between 10:00 and 11:30 tomorrow morning. I ________ a meeting then. (have) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be having
【解析】
【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：明天上午10点到11点半之间不要给我打电话。那时我要开会。根据句意可知，句中的then指的是明天上午10点到11点半那段时间，所以谓语动词应用将来进行时will be having，表示将来某段时间内一直发生的动作，故填will be having。
21. We ________ (wait) for him for over an hour when he finally turned up at the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been waiting
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成进行时。句意：我们等了他一个多小时，他终于在会上出现了。时间状语从句“when he finally turned up at the meeting.”用的是一般过去时，wait表示的动作发生在从句之前，表示从过去的过去开始一直延续到过去的某个时刻，并仍然可能会延续下去，用过去完成进行时，故填had been waiting。
22. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________ (develop) after tireless efforts. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】developed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理看到许多新产品经过很大努力后得到改进后很满意。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词 new products与develop之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。根据句意，故填developed。
23. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________ (amuse) with her stories. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】amused
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：露西很有幽默感，她讲的故事总能逗得同事们发笑。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，此处宾语为“her colleagues”，需用-ed结尾的形容词作宾语补足语。故填amused。
24. ________ worried me that my mother’s eyesight was declining. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】It
【解析】
【详解】考查it的用法。句意：我母亲的视力在下降，这使我很担心。分析句子可知，空处应填it作形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正的主语，首字母应大写，故填It。
25. After the heavy rain, the ground got so wet, ________ caused a lot of road accidents. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大雨过后，地面变得很湿，造成了很多交通事故。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
26. She brought her three friends to the party, none of ________I had ever met before. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查“none of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：她带着她的三个朋友去参加聚会，这三个朋友我之前一个也没见过。设空处无提示词，逗号前面是一个完整的句子，且设空处前面是none of，故推测“none of+设空处”引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是her three friends，指人，且设空处在从句中作of的宾语，应用whom引导。故填whom。
27. We need to take steps to save endangered species, including setting up special zones ________ plants and animals can be protected. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们需要采取措施来拯救濒临灭绝的物种，包括建立保护区来保护动植物。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“special zones”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，44分)
第一节(共17小题；每小题2分，共34分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whether your dream is to write a best-selling novel, design an award-winning advertisement, or simply describe stories from your own life, the course “Creative Storytelling and Creative Writing” in European Winter School will be idea l for you. It takes place on campus in Prague, capital of the Czech Republic, from January 29 to February 9,2024.
Who can apply
The course is available for both students and young professionals worldwide.
Requirements:
·A minimum age of 18(average age is 23).
·Medium level of English (Basic 1/Basic 2) required
·A personal laptop/table t is needed for the majority of lessons.
What skills can you get
While this course focuses on the importance of a story, we will mainly pay attention to the writer (his/her imagination, vocabulary, narrative styles, critical thinking, and experience)—YOU.
·You will master the art of storytelling (“Show Don’t Tell” techniques).
·You will think imaginatively and creatively with an outside-the-box attitude.
·You will write for the audience with an ability to make them see your point of view.
·You will sell your idea, concept or product through a variety of narrative tools and methods, such as presentation, advertisement, blog, CV, essay and public speech.
·You will improve your English vocabulary, composition and writing style.
What is the price
We work on a first-come, first-served basis. The cost of the two-week course is ?950, with an Early Bird fee of ?850. You can only use the Early Bird discount until January 22, 2024. The fee includes:
·Course and study materials
·Application fee
·Weekly activities (except for entrance fees and weekend trips)
Please note: From January 26,2024 there will be a ?50 charged as a late application fee for all applications received after this deadline. Other expenses, such as meals, accommodation, and insurance are not included in the price.
Click here https:// for more information.
28. According to the passage, applicants should ________.
A. know some basic English B. be good at computers
C. come from European countries D. be aged between 18 and 23
29. After attending the course, applicants will be able to ________.
A. design narrative tools B. improve writing skills
C. develop computer skills D. apply “Tell Don’t Show” methods
30. If you apply for the course on January 28, 2024, how much should you pay
A. ?850. B. ?900. C. ?950. D. ?1,000.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了欧洲冬季学校的“创意讲故事和创意写作”课程。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Requirements(要求)”部分中第二点“Medium level of English (Basic 1/Basic 2) required(英语水平中等（基础1/基础2）)”可知，申请者应该了解一些基本的英语知识。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What skills can you get (你能获得什么技能？)”部分中最后一点“You will improve your English vocabulary, composition and writing style.(提高你的英语词汇量、作文和写作风格)”可知，上该课程后，申请者将会提高写作技能。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What is the price (价格是多少？)”部分中“The cost of the two-week course is ?950(为期两周的课程费用为950欧元)”以及“Please note: From January 26, 2024 there will be a ?50 charged as a late application fee for all applications received after this deadline.(请注意：从2024年1月26日起，在此截止日期之后收到的所有申请将收取50欧元的逾期申请费)”可知，课程费用为950欧元，2024年1月26日后的申请将收取50欧元逾期费，故2024年1月28日申请该课程需支付1000欧元。故选D。
B
My Day of No Plastic
Since its invention, plastic has affected every aspect of our lives. It has made possible thousands of conveniences, but it has come with downsides, especially for the environment. In a 24-hour experiment, I tried to live without it to see what plastic stuff we can’t do without and what we may be able to give up.
At the start of my no-plastic day, I made my way toward the bathroom, only to stop myself before I went in. “Could you open the door for me ” I asked my wife. “The handle is plastic.” She opened it for me, letting out a “this is going to be a long day” sigh (叹气).
My morning routine was a headache. I couldn’t use my toothpaste, toothbrush, shampoo or soap, all of which were made of plastic or put in plastic containers. Getting dressed was also a challenge, given that so many clothing items include plastic.
When I went out, I brought along two glass containers and cloth bags of various sizes. I walked to a sandwich shop. “Can you make the salad in this glass container ” I asked. The manager said OK but then rejected my request to use my steel spoon.
After lunch, I took the subway to Central Park, which scored me more violations (违规), since I need a MetroCard and the trains themselves have plastic parts. But at least I didn’t sit in one of those plastic seats.
Back home, I recorded some of my impressions. By my count, on my day of no plastic, I had made 164 violations. I felt defeated. And also uncertain. The next day I called Gabby Salazar, a scientist who studies what motivates people to support environmental causes, and asked her for advice.
“You can drive yourself crazy,” she said, “but it’s not about perfection. It’s about progress.” Believe it or not, individual behavior matters. It adds up. “Remember,” she continued, “it’s not about plastic being the enemy. It’s about single-use as the enemy.”
I promised to try, even after my not successful attempt. I’ll start with small things, building up habits. I can take cloth bags to the grocery. I might start packing my glass water bottle and steel spoon. And from there, who knows
31. The author conducted the 24-hour experiment because ________.
A. he was tired of using plastic stuff in his daily life
B. he tried to call upon people to ban plastic products
C. he wondered how much plastic he consumed each day
D. he wanted to figure out how to use plastic stuff wisely
32. Why did the author’s wife sigh
A. Because she didn’t know his intention.
B Because she worried about her husband.
C. Because she thought it hard to avoid using plastic.
D. Because she didn’t realize the downsides of plastic.
【答案】31. D 32. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者进行的无塑料日实验。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In a 24-hour experiment, I tried to live without it to see what plastic stuff we can’t do without and what we may be able to give up.(在一个24小时的实验中，我试着在没有塑料的情况下生活，看看哪些塑料是我们不能没有的，哪些是我们可以放弃的)”可知，作者进行一个24小时的实验，因为他想弄清楚如何明智地使用塑料，故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“She opened it for me, letting out a ‘this is going to be a long day’ sigh (叹气).(她为我打开了它，发出了一声‘这将是漫长的一天’的叹息)”可知，作者在无塑料日让妻子帮忙开门，妻子发出“这将是漫长的一天”的叹息，说明妻子认为类似的事情会很多，即她认为很难避免使用塑料，故选C。
C
“Find your passion!” is an appeal well-intended and meant to inspire. But is it good advice
“Finding” a passion implies that it already exists and is simply waiting to be discovered. Unfortunately, this idea doesn’t square with what science tells us. Instead, passions are developed. They often begin with a spark (火花) of curiosity caused by something in one’s environment, such as a fascinating physics lecture. Through a process involving repeated engagement and-positive experiences, people can come to personally value that content or activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becomes an interest. If these qualities continue to intensify, a passion can emerge.
Actually, assuming passion as inborn tend to cause people to be less open, less courageous in the face of challenges and less creative in pursuit of new interests. Thus, encouraging people to “find” their passion may cause them to eventually believe that interests and passions are unchangeable. People who think this have a fixed mindset of interest. By contrast, some people, whom we refer to as having a growth mindset of interest, view their interests and passions as developed.
People with a fixed mindset of interest, for example, may fall into the trap of thinking, “If I have already found my passion, why keep exploring ” In recent studies, after engaging in a new science task, arts students with a fixed mindset expressed less interest in a scientific topic than arts students with a growth mindset. Meanwhile, science students with a fixed mindset responded similarly to an art-related task. For those with a growth mindset, having a strong pre-existing interest in the arts or sciences did not get in the way of them viewing a new area as interesting.
Worse still, people with a fixed mindset of interest tend to expect their passions to provide limitless motivation, such that their favorite topics should never feel too difficult or demanding. Such a mindset can also limit creativity and innovation. If people believe they are restricted to only a few inborn interests and, in consequence, do not explore other areas, they may miss seeing important connections across different fields. That loss is especially unfortunate considering how leaders at innovative companies have long prized problem-solving that draw ideas from diverse disciplines.
Of course, not every activity will become a burning passion. But a growth mindset of interest will help you remain open and curious. The old saying “find something you love to do, and you’ll never have to work a day in your life” needs to be updated.
33. The author uses the sentence underlined in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A. set a target for criticism B. point out the fact
C confirm people’s finding D. voice his opinion
34. What can we learn from the passage
A. Any interesting activity can spark a passion.
B. Companies prefer those who specialize in one field.
C. People with a fixed mindset of interest are hard to be motivated.
D A growth mindset of interest promotes creativity and innovation.
35. Which will the author probably agree with
A. One should count on luck to excite a burning passion.
B. Reinforced positive experiences contribute to passion.
C. Those already interested in a field find new areas boring.
D. We’d better cherish the existing passion and look for more.
【答案】33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章批判了“找到你的激情”这个观点，认为激情是培养出来的，要秉持兴趣成长型心态，这会帮助你保持开放和好奇，有助于培养激情。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘Finding’ a passion implies that it already exists and is simply waiting to be discovered. Unfortunately, this idea doesn’t square with what science tells us.(‘找到’激情意味着它已经存在，只是在等待被发现。不幸的是，这种想法与科学告诉我们的并不相符)”可知，下文指出“Find your passion!”与科学不相符，故第一段使用该句是为了设定一个批判的目标，故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“For those with a growth mindset, having a strong pre-existing interest in the arts or sciences did not get in the way of them viewing a new area as interesting.(对于那些具有成长型心态的人来说，对艺术或科学有强烈的兴趣并不妨碍他们将新领域视为有趣的)”和第五段中“Such a mindset can also limit creativity and innovation.(这样的心态也会限制创造力和创新)”可知，有固定兴趣心态的人会限制创造力和创新，与之相反，兴趣成长型心态的人乐于探索新领域。由此推知，兴趣成长型心态促进创造力和创新。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Instead, passions are developed. They often begin with a spark (火花) of curiosity caused by something in one’s environment, such as a fascinating physics lecture. Through a process involving repeated engagement and-positive experiences, people can come to personally value that content or activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becomes an interest. If these qualities continue to intensify, a passion can emerge.(相反，激情是培养起来的。它们通常是由周围环境中的事物引起的好奇心火花开始的，比如一场迷人的物理讲座。通过一个包含重复参与和积极体验的过程，人们可以个人地重视内容或活动，并将其内化。起初有趣的事情变成了一种兴趣。如果这些品质持续增强，激情就会浮现)”可知，重复参与和积极体验的过程会使人们对某事感兴趣，如果兴趣持续增强，就会激发激情。由此推知，强化积极的经历有助于激发激情。故选B。
D
If the great dinosaurs hadn’t gone extinct, would they have dominated Earth today There has been a debate about this possibility for decades. Recently two analyses have put the surprising cognitive (认知) abilities of dinosaurs — and their potential limitations — in a new light.
In one study, Suzana Herculano-Houzel at Vanderbilt University calculated the likely number of neurons (神经细胞) in dinosaurs’ pallium, a brain structure that is responsible for advanced cognitive functions. Research suggests that it is the number of neurons in these areas, rather than the brain size, that indicates an animal’s cognitive potential. For example, despite having a very small head, birds have more densely packed brain cells than many mammals (哺乳动物) and so can possess roughly as many neurons as monkeys. The result is that some birds show great cognitive abilities, comparable to the smartest non-human mammals. And it is precisely birds, being the only surviving lineage (宗系) of dinosaurs, that are Herculano-Houzel’s foundation. By comparing the relationship between brain size, number of neurons and body size in numerous existing birds and available fossils of dinosaurs, Herculano-Houzel concludes that a large dinosaur such as T. rex could have housed two billion to three billion neurons in its pallium. If so, dinosaurs could have had the capacity for tool use and planning for the future.
But neurons’ number may not be enough. For intelligence, brain architecture also matters. And this could be the weakness of dinosaurs, argues Anton Reiner from the University of Tennessee. Over 350 million years of separate evolution, mammals and dinosaurs found two rather different ways to organize cognitive functions. The mammalian neurons are organized in a relatively thin layer formed by compact columns. In each column, different parts can communicate with one another over short distances. In contrast, in the dinosaurs that survive today, namely birds, the organization is less compact. According to Reiner, expanding brain capabilities beyond a certain point could make the structure far more complex and less efficient than it is in humans. If this were the case, an increase in brain size would correspond to a greater distance between different parts of the brain, slowing down their communication.
The issue remains open to debate. Herculano-Houzel and Reiner each published a paper with rejections to the other’s argument. Meanwhile, other scientists have entered the fight. For example, neurobiologist Giorgio Vallortigara assumes that speed in transmitting information between networks of neurons is probably one of dinosaurs’ strengths.
Whatever the truth is, understanding how and if brain architecture imposes limits on the development of cognition could reveal much about the evolution of abilities and behaviors of various animals. Also, this debate may tell us more about our own species than about dinosaurs.
36. Why do Herculano-Houzel and Reiner study birds
A. Because birds are more intelligent than dinosaurs.
B. Because birds’ brain structures are the same as dinosaurs’.
C. Because birds are the only survivors of the dinosaur family.
D. Because birds have the same cognitive abilities as dinosaurs.
37. What does the word “compact” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A. Tight. B. Light. C. Large. D. Wide.
38. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Dinosaurs’ ability for tool use owes to bigger brains.
B. The number of neurons has little to do with brain architecture.
C. Greater inter-brain distance causes higher cognitive efficiency.
D. The factors behind dinosaur intelligence remain to be identified.
39. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Are Dinosaurs Comparable to Humans in Intelligence
B. Are Dinosaurs with Bigger Brains the Ultimate Geniuses
C. How Smart Were Dinosaurs New Studies Fuel the Debate
D. Can Dinosaurs Outsmart Birds Researches Cast a New Light
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了关于恐龙智力的最近的两项研究，新的研究加剧了争论。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And it is precisely birds, being the only surviving lineage (宗系) of dinosaurs, that are Herculano-Houzel’s foundation.(正是鸟类，作为唯一幸存的恐龙宗系，是Herculano-Houzel的基础)”和第三段中“In contrast, in the dinosaurs that survive today, namely birds, the organization is less compact.(相比之下，在今天幸存下来的恐龙中，也就是鸟类，这个组织就没有那么紧凑了)”可知，Herculano-Houzel和Reiner研究鸟类是因为鸟类是恐龙宗系中唯一的幸存者，故选C。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下一句“In each column, different parts can communicate with one another over short distances.(在每一柱中，不同的部分可以在短距离内相互通信)”可知，不同的部分可以在短距离内相互通信，说明柱状结构应是很紧凑，由此推知划线词所在句意为“哺乳动物的神经元组织在一个由紧凑的柱状结构组成的相对较薄的层中”，compact意为“紧凑的”，故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The issue remains open to debate. Herculano-Houzel and Reiner each published a paper with rejections to the other’s argument. Meanwhile, other scientists have entered the fight.(这个问题仍有待讨论。Herculano-Houzel和Reiner各自发表了一篇论文，反驳了对方的观点。与此同时，其他科学家也加入了这场斗争)”可知，科学家对于影响恐龙智力的因素观点不一，该问题仍有待讨论，故恐龙智力背后的因素仍有待确定。故选D。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“If the great dinosaurs hadn’t gone extinct, would they have dominated Earth today There has been a debate about this possibility for decades. Recently two analyses have put the surprising cognitive (认知) abilities of dinosaurs — and their potential limitations — in a new light.(如果大恐龙没有灭绝，它们今天会已经统治了地球吗？关于这种可能性的争论已经持续了几十年。最近有两项分析对恐龙惊人的认知能力及其潜在的局限性有了新的认识)”可知，对于恐龙智力的争论已经持续了几十年，文章主要介绍了关于恐龙智力的最近的两项研究，C项“恐龙有多聪明？新的研究加剧了争论”为最佳标题，故选C。
E
As higher education leaders dive deeper into the conversation on Digital Transformation and Education 4.0, they are also learning how to incorporate the Digital Twins realm concept into their curricula, because Digital Twin technology can serve the university of the future.
A Digital Twin is a virtual representation of a real object or system which is updated from real-time data and uses machine learning, simulation (模拟), and reasoning to help decision-making. In other words, a Digital Twin can create a highly complex virtual model which is the exact replica of a physical thing. Connected sensors on a smart campus can collect data in real time. This data is used to create a map onto the virtual model, thus creating a Digital Twin of a campus. When school administrators look at the Digital Twin, they can see crucial information about how the real campus is doing.
The applications for Digital Twin technology do not stop there. Students and faculty can benefit from using the technology as well. For example, hybrid classrooms have become more and more common nowadays. Digital technologies have accelerated the transition into the university of the future. Digital Twin technology, one of the trending technologies related to Industry 4.0, helps faculty create simulation models based on course requirements.
Digital Twin technology makes the ultimate immersive learning experience possible. By using a Digital Twin students can learn highly engaging tasks which can be too dangerous, complex, or expensive for the classroom. Rather than hands-on laboratory dissection of a physical frog to learn animal science or having to wait for available human organs in the health science lah, medical students can use the virtual twin of an animal or human organs for their study.
The complexity of chemistry or microbiology requires students to be totally engaged. By using Digital Twins in a Virtual Reality simulated learning experience, faculty can achieve a maximum level of engagement helping each student learn abstract concepts in their own unique way and much faster. By running simulations, students can better explore system behavior under different conditions, understand failure and develop an understanding of system sensibilities as well as how changes in the system parameters (参数) and external disruptions make an impact on the results.
Some universities, such as Stanford and Copenhagen School of Marine Engineering, have incorporated Digital Twin technology into their teaching curricula, applying it to disciplines like architecture and engineering as they believe they are the reality of the industry. Overall, this enhances student motivation, accelerates understanding, and improves the overall learning experience. Moreover, the industry encourages universities to incorporate educational Digital Twins in automation to give students the initial understanding of tools and skills they will need in their future.
40. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that Digital Twins ________.
A. remain a concept B. are virtual copies of real objects
C. represent future education D. can operate campuses remotely
41. Which of the following statements might the author agree with
A. Education 4.0 facilitates the development of Digital Twins.
B. New technology poses potential threats to college teachers.
C. Digital Twin technology in higher education is on the horizon.
D. Virtual classrooms have grown in popularity under Industry 4.0.
42. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A. B. C. D.
【答案】40. B 41. C 42. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。高等教育领导者深入探讨数字化转型和教育4.0，因为数字孪生技术可以服务未来的大学。文章主要介绍了数字孪生技术的含义，在高等教育中的应用以及对老师和学生的好处。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A Digital Twin is a virtual representation of a real object or system which is updated from real-time data and uses machine learning, simulation (模拟), and reasoning to help decision-making. In other words, a Digital Twin can create a highly complex virtual model which is the exact replica of a physical thing.(数字孪生是真实对象或系统的虚拟表示，它根据实时数据进行更新，并使用机器学习、模拟（模拟）和推理来帮助决策。换句话说，数字孪生可以创建一个高度复杂的虚拟模型，它是物理事物的精确复制品。)”可知，从第2段可以看出，数字孪生是真实物体的虚拟副本，故选B。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“As higher education leaders dive deeper into the conversation on Digital Transformation and Education 4.0, they are also learning how to incorporate the Digital Twins realm concept into their curricula, because Digital Twin technology can serve the university of the future.(随着高等教育领导者深入探讨数字化转型和教育4.0，他们也在学习如何将数字孪生领域概念纳入他们的课程，因为数字孪生技术可以服务未来的大学。)”和第二段中“Students and faculty can benefit from using the technology as well. (学生和教师也可以从使用该技术中受益。)”可知，高等教育领导者深入探讨数字化转型和教育4.0，因为数字孪生技术可以服务未来的大学，学生和教可以从使用该技术中受益，由此可推知，作者可能同意“高等教育即将使用数字孪生技术”这个观点。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段总领全文，指出高等教育领导者深入探讨数字化转型和教育4.0，因为数字孪生技术可以服务未来的大学。第二段介绍了数字孪生技术的含义及在校园中的应用——用于在虚拟模型上创建地图，从而创建校园的数字孪生。第三段介绍了数字孪生技术使学生和教师受益。接着第四段和第五段分别从这两方面介绍如何使学生和老师受益，即第四段介绍了数字孪生技术如何使学生受益，即使学生终极沉浸式学习体验成为可能。第五段介绍了数字技术使教师受益——教师可以实现最大程度的参与，帮助每个学生以自己独特的方式更快地学习抽象概念。最后一段总结全文，总结了数字孪生技术的好处。由此可知，文章的结构是第一段总起，第二段和第三段是并列关系，分别介绍了数字孪生技术的含义和应用以及好处。第四段和第五段是并列关系，从两个方面介绍了数字孪生技术的好处，是第三段的两个分观点，最后一段总结全文。故选A。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。(注意：A，B，C，D选项正常涂卡。E涂AB F涂AC G涂AD)
For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. ___43___ According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. This is upsetting, as completing college is as important as ever.
___44___ Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. This college income advantage is due to technological advances like the personal computer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand for skilled workers. The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. ___45___
It is understandable why many students and families suspect that college is no longer “worth it.” College tuition has been rising for years, and many students fear being burdened with loans after graduation. But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. ___46___ In other words, the investment paid off.
To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. ___47___ With these resources, students can gain a reasonable picture of what their future holds down each potential path.
A. To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path.
B. However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration.
C. These attitudes are also reflected in the actions of the youngest generation.
D. Higher education must make college pricing clear to would-be college-goers.
E. Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages.
F. Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later.
G. For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools.
【答案】43. B 44. E 45. A 46. F 47. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为完成大学学业和以往一样重要，大学学位可以给毕业生带来经济优势，而且很多学生和家长担心的债务问题实际上可以在学生毕业后得以解决，他们可以借助现有的资源明智地选择大学和专业。
【43题详解】
前文“For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. (对许多美国高中毕业生和他们的家人来说，5月1日是“全国大学决定日”，学生们在这一天对自己的学业未来做出决定)”引出美国高中毕业生选择大学的话题，后文“According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. (根据最近的一项调查，超过一半的美国人甚至认为上大学不值这个钱)”指出很多美国人不再选择上大学，因此B项“However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration. (然而，近年来大学注册人数急剧下降)”符合语境，说明上大学人数减少的情况，和前文形成转折，后文是对选项内容的进一步说明。故选B。
【44题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. (即使在当今竞争激烈的劳动力市场上，大学毕业生也更容易找到工作，而且往往能获得高得多的收入。目前，拥有学士学位或更高学位的人的失业率是拥有高中学位的人的一半)”可知，本段主要介绍拥有大学学位在就业方面的优势，因此E项“Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages. (大量数据显示，大学学位实际上给毕业生带来了经济优势)”符合语境，点明大学学位带来经济优势，契合段落内容。故选E。
【45题详解】
前文“The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. (当今自动化和人工智能的快速发展将进一步增加对高技能劳动力的需求)”说明当前社会发展对高技能劳动力的需求，因此A项“To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path. (要获得这些高级技能，大学仍然是最可靠的途径)”符合语境，指出大学可以帮助获得这些高级技能，承接前文。故选A。
【46题详解】
前文“But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. (但事实上，四年制大学的净学费，即学生在获得经济援助后支付的费用，自2018年以来一直在下降，现在比2006年还低)”指出大学的净学费实际上有所下降，后文“In other words, the investment paid off. (换句话说，投资得到了回报)”对空处的内容进行了简要概括，说明大学投资有回报，因此F项“Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later. (此外，有债务的学生更有可能完成学位并在以后赚得更多)”符合语境，指出债务可以激励大学生完成学位、获得更高收入，承接前文，契合后文的概括。故选F。
【47题详解】
前文“To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. (为了做出明智的决定，去哪里和学什么，学生和家长可以利用现有的资源在知情的情况下做出选择)”建议学生和家长利用现有资源去选择，因此G项“For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools. (例如，像大学记分卡这样的工具可以提供各个学校的毕业率和未来收入)”符合语境，举出一个具体的可使用的资源，承接前文。故选G。
第四部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题；第70、71题各2分，第72题3分，第73题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control
For better or worse, we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. In a recent survey, most people said they felt stressed out by group messages, which can feel like a part-time job.
Connection is wonderful. Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day, a reminder that you’re part of something.
Some researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when you’re alone, you’re not alone. One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(回声定位), the process that some animals, such as bats and dolphins, use to locate objects: They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings. Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.
But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming. Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a “waterfall type of effect”, where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you’re underwater. Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities, communication styles, and expectations for group norms. Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension.
Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn’t just about the group-chat or even mobile technology in general; it’s about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others. Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties.
48. What is the feature of Grexts
________________________________
49. How might humans use group chats like echolocation
________________________________
50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered.
________________________________
51. Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others. (In about 40 words)
________________________________
【答案】48 Imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue.
49. Humans might use group chats as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.
50. Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered.
Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what degree of responsiveness is required.
51. (1) The music apps on my smart phone have a positive influence on friendship. Thanks to the sharing functions, I have been able to get to know people who have the same taste of music and we can even listen to our favorite pieces at the same time.
(2) Video games have become a challenge to my relationships with friends. Sometimes I have to reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In addition, the disagreement and complaints when we are playing the game also potentially harm friendship.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了群聊文化已经失控。
【48题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread.”（Grexts是群组文本的缩写，具有模仿随意的对话的特点，其结果可能比两个人的对话更有活力、更有趣）可知，Grexts的特点是具有模仿随意的对话。故填Imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue.
【49题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.”（人类可能以类似的方式使用群聊等技术ーー作为一种呼叫和回应，获取有关其社交网络的信息，并将自己定位在这些网络中。）可知，人类可能会把群聊作为一种电话和回应，获取有关他们社交网络的信息，并在这些网络中定位自己。故填Humans might use group chats as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.
【50题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension.”（如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。）可知，what messages should be answered错误，应改为如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。故填Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what degree of responsiveness is required.
【51题详解】
考查开放性试题。请描述另一种移动技术如何影响你与他人的关系。故可回答为：我智能手机上的音乐应用程序对友谊有积极的影响。由于分享功能，我可以认识有相同音乐品味的人，我们甚至可以同时听我们最喜欢的作品。也可回答为：电子游戏已经成为我与朋友关系的挑战。有时即使我很忙，我也不得不不情愿地和他们一起玩。此外，我们在玩游戏时的分歧和抱怨也可能损害友谊。故填(1) The music apps on my smart phone have a positive influence on friendship. Thanks to the sharing functions, I have been able to get to know people who have the same taste of music and we can even listen to our favorite pieces at the same time.(2) Video games have become a challenge to my relationships with friends. Sometimes I have to reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In addition, the disagreement and complaints when we are playing the game also potentially harm friendship.
第二节(20分)
52. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校将于下周举办校园书市活动，你打算邀请英国交换生Jim参加，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动安排。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：书市book fair
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Possible version 1:
Dear Jim,
How’s everything going I’m writing to invite you to take part in the book fair on our campus.
The activity provides us students with a good platform to make better use of our books. More importantly, we can make friends with like-minded people who share a passion for books and reading. The book fair will be held at the Students’ Activity Center at 3:00 pm next Friday, when students can sell unwanted books, or buy books they need at a relatively lower price. We can pay in cash or by scanning QR codes. It is also welcomed to sell some of your books.
As a regular visitor, I find this activity appealing and rewarding. Would you like to come Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Possible version 2:
Dear Jim,
Hope this email finds you well. I am writing to invite you to the exciting annual campus bookfair.
The activity, a long-standing tradition at our school, aims to give us a great chance to discover something new and exciting to read and improve our love of reading. It will take place from 4:00 pm to 5:30 pm next Friday in the school’s auditorium. We can browse through a wide range of new and second-hand books on display, including fiction, non-fiction, classics and so on. There will also be interactive games related to books and literature, such as quizzes, puzzles, and storytelling.
If you are interested, just let me know. Looking forward to hearing from you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加学校将于下周举办的校园书市活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请某人：invite sb→extend an invitation to sb
机会：chance→opportunity
举行：take place→be held
感兴趣：be interested in→show an interest in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We can browse through a wide range of new and second-hand books on display, including fiction, non-fiction, classics and so on.
拓展句：We can browse through a wide range of new and second-hand books on display, which include fiction, non-fiction, classics and so on.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There will also be interactive games related to books and literature, such as quizzes, puzzles, and storytelling.（运用了过去分词短语 related to books and literature作后置定语）
【高分句型2】If you are interested, just let me know.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
