中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 A healthy diet重难点讲解 (含答案)
重点词汇讲解
healthy 健康的adj.
名词形式:health ★★ 例:对健康不好be bad for health
音标:ea /i:/ weak, reach, please, eat, teach, teacher, easy, tea, meat, mean, peach
/e/healthy, bread, breakfast, heavy, sweater, weather, head
/i /idea
/ei/great, break
例:感觉身体健康feel healthy
看起来身体很好look healthy
健康的食物healthy food
他是一个健康的男孩。He is a healthy boy.
反义词:sick生病的 ★★ 例:帮助病人help sick people
2. diet 饮食n.
用法:一般用作不可数名词,但当有形容词修饰diet时,在前面加a
例:健康的饮食a healthy diet
在一个健康的饮食中in a healthy diet
迈克有健康的饮食吗?Does Mike have a healthy diet
3. a little 一点
用法:a little +不可数名词
例:他每天只喝一点水。He only drinks a little water every day.
我会说一点英语。I can speak a little English.
杯子里有一点儿水。There is a little water in the glass.
她只吃一点米饭。She only eats a little rice.
4. a few 几个
用法:a few+可数名词复数
例:他每周吃几个鸡蛋。He eats a few eggs every week.
他有几个朋友。He has a few friends.
几天a few days
5. at a time一次
例:杨玲也喜欢甜食,但她一次吃一点。Yang Ling likes sweet food too, but she eats a little at a time.
一次回答一个问题answer a question at a time
一次吃一个苹果eat an apple at a time
6. cola 可乐 n.
注意:不可数名词
例:我能要些可乐吗?Can I have some cola
我昨天晚上喝了太多可乐。I drank too much cola last night.
很多人喜欢喝可口可乐。Many people like drinking cola.
7. need 需要v. (needs, needed)
例:我们需要大米吗?Do we need rice
我们需要很多大米。We need a lot of rice.
需要帮助need help
拓展:need to do sth需要做某事
例:你需要洗手。You need to wash your hands.
重难点讲解
知识点(1):注意ice cream用法 ★★
用法:当ice cream指的是成盒、成杯冰淇淋或独立包装的蛋卷冰淇淋,这时是可数的
当ice cream指的是从一大盒或一大桶冰激凌中盛出来的一部分,这时不可数
例:我喜欢冰激凌。I like ice cream.
请给我两个冰激凌。Two ice creams please.
知识点(2):like用作动词时译为“喜欢”,后可接名词或代词(人称代词的宾格形式)作宾语,表示
“喜欢某人或某(类)物品”,也可接动词-ing形式或动词不定式,表示“喜欢做某事”。
【知识拓展】辨析like doing sth和like to do sth
like doing sth表示长时间地喜欢做某事,偏向于表达一贯的兴趣爱好;而like to do sth常指某个具体的动作,表示偶尔一次打算做某事,倾向于表达一时的意愿。例如:
(l) I like eating fish very much.我非常喜欢吃鱼。(特指一种爱好、喜欢)
(2) She likes to go shopping today.她今天想去购物。(特指某一次的动作)
【练习】单项选择。
( )Rachel likes films. But she doesn't like the film alone this evening.
A.to watch;watching B.watching;watching C.watching;to watch
【答案】C
【解析】(1)only在本句中用作副词,意为“只;只有;仅”,在句子中通常位于实义动词之前,be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。
(2)a little意为“一,点”,表示肯定意义,用来修饰不可数名词。
【例句】(l)The club is for members only.这个俱乐部只对会员开放。
(2)There's a little ink on the paper.纸上有一点墨水。
【知识拓展】only还可以用作形容词,意为“仅有的;唯一的”。例如:
Ben doesn't have any brothers or sisters.He is the only child in his family
本没有兄弟姐妹。他是家里唯一的孩子。
【练习】根据中文提示完成句子。
(1)布莱克先生上个星期只买了一点肉。
Mr Black meat last week.
(2)海莉是他们的独生女。
Hailey is daughter.
【答案】(l)only bought a little (2)their only
【解析】a few意为“几个”,表示肯定意义,用来修饰可数名词复数。
【知识拓展】辨析a few, few, a little和little
a few 几个 表示肯定意义 a few 修饰可数名词复数
a little 一点 few
few 不多,很少 表示否定意义 a little 修饰不可数名词
little 不多的 little
【例句】(l)I have a few notebooks. I can lend you one.
我有几本笔记本。我可以借给你一本。
(2)Few people know that.很少有人知道那件事。
(3)Nancy can speak a little Chinese.南希会说一点汉语。
(4)The child has little interest in drawing.这个小孩对画画几乎没兴趣。
【练习1】选词填空。
(1)There was (a little/a few) fish on the plate just now.
(2)I'd like (a little/a few) purple grapes.
【答案】(1)a little (2)a few
【练习1】用a little或a few填空。
1.Tim drinks milk for breakfast every day.
2.There are eggs in the fridge.
3.Do we need balls
4.There is orange juice in the glass.
5.Are there glasses on the table
【答案】1.a little 2.a few 3.a few 4.a little 5.a few
【解析】healthy为形容词,意为“健康的”,其名词形式为health,意为“健康”,其反义词为unhealthy,意为“不健康的”。
【例句】(1)To keep healthy,we should eat many green vegetables.
为了保持健康,我们应该吃许多绿色的蔬菜。
(2)He's still in poor health after his illness.病好后他的身体仍然很虚弱。
(3)They looked poor and unhealthy.他们看起来贫病交加。
【练习】用所给词的适当形式填空。
Eating too much fast food is (healthy).
We should do some exercise to keep (health).
Exhaust fumes(废气) are bad for people's (healthy).
【答案】(1)unhealthy (2)healthy (3)health
【解析】本句中的time为可数名词,意为“次;回”,at a time意为“一次”。time还可以用作不可数名词,意为“时间”。
【例句】(1)I can only carry two bags at a time. 我一次只能拿两个包。
(2)You are welcome to visit our farm at any time.
随时欢迎你参观我们的农场。
【练习】单项选择。
( )Is there any room(空间) for two people to pass in a time
A.with B.off C.at
【答案】C
【解析】本句中的need为实义动词,意为“需要”,此时它有人称和数的变化,后可接名词、代词(人称代词的宾格形式)、动词-ing形式或动词不定式。need还可以用作情态动词,此时无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,多用于否定句和疑问句中。
【例句】(1)Do you need my help 你需要我的帮助吗?
(2)I need to get some sleep.我需要睡会儿觉。
(3)You needn't finish the work today.你不必今天做完这项工作。
【练习】用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)Mr Brown (need) (work) on the computer every day.
(2)You needn't (tell) me anything if you don't want to.
【答案】(l)needs, to work (2)tell
7. 语音:字母组合ou的发音
解析:字母组合ou在单词中一般发/a /
例如:loudly ground mountain around shout mouse house
拓展:字母组合ou还可以发① /u:/,如:group
② / /,如:should would
【练习】选出下列单词中画线部分发音与其他两项不同的一项。
( )1.A.mouse B.ground C.should
( )2.A.could B.about C.loudly
【答案】1.C 2.A
第二部分:易错易混全解
名词fish的用法
【例题】用所给词的适当形式填空。
We caught some from the river and had some for dinner. (fish)
【答案】fish, fish
点拨:fish作名词时可以用作可数名词,表示“一条一条的鱼”,此时其单复数同形,也可以表示“鱼的种类”,此时其复数形式为fishes;它也可以用作不可数名词,意为“鱼肉”。本题想表达的是“我们从河里抓了一些鱼,吃了一些鱼肉当作晚餐。”从河里抓的应该是“一条一条的鱼”,虽然两个设空处前均为some,但fish表示“一条一条的鱼”时是单复数同形的可数名词,故两个设空处均填fish.
易混淆a few和a little的用法
【例题】单项选择。
( )Lucy has new friends in France.And they can speak Chinese.
A.a few;a little B.a little;a few C.a little;a little
【答案】A
点拨:
a few和a little的意思相近,都表示肯定意义,但在用法上却不同。a few用来修饰可数名词复数,a little用来修饰不可数名词。第一个设空处后为由new修饰的可数名词复数friends,所以第一个设空处要用a few;第二个设空处后为表示语言的不可数名词Chinese, 所以第二个设空处要用a little。故选A。
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