长沙市德成学校2023—2024学年第二学期
高一英语入学考试试卷
满分：100分 时量：90分钟
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
NEW YORK — On a quiet weekend at the box office, “Ralph Breaks the Internet” was No.1 for the third straight week, while the upcoming DC Comics superhero film “Aquaman” made a huge splash in Chinese theaters.
With no new wide releases, Disney’s “Ralph” again led in domestic (国内的) ticket sales with an estimated $16.1 million. The animated sequel has grossed more than $140 million in three weeks.
Another holdover, “The Grinch”, with Benedict Cumberbatch as the voice of Dr.Seuss’ title character, trailed in second with $15.2 million in its fifth weekend.
But the weekend’s biggest new arrival was in China, where “Aquaman” debuted with $93.6 million in ticket sales. That marked a new record for a DC title in China and ranks fourth all-time for superhero films.
Rounding out the top five: “Creed Ⅱ”, the latest in the “Rocky” series, starring Michael B. Jordan as Adonis Creed, finished third with $16.8 million. J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” prequel “Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald” held in fourth with $11.2 million, while Queen biopic “Bohemian Rhapsody” was fifth with $8.1 million.
1. What is the total earning of “Ralph Breaks the Internet” for the first three weeks
A. Over $16.1 million. B. Over $140 million.
C. Over $15.2 million. D. Over $93.6 million.
2. Which film is a DC superhero film in the passage
A. The Grinch. B. Fantastic Beasts. C. Aquaman. D. Creed Ⅱ.
3. The top five films are ranked (排名) based on their earnings during ______.
A. a weekend B. a week C. three weeks D. a month
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了几部票房排名靠前的动漫电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The animated sequel has grossed more than $140 million in three weeks.(这部动画续集在三周内票房超过1.4亿美元)”可知，Ralph Breaks the Internet在三周内票房超过1.4亿美元。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“while the upcoming DC Comics superhero film “Aquaman” made a huge splash in Chinese theaters.(而即将上映的DC漫画超级英雄电影《潜水侠》在中国影院引起了轰动)”及第四段“That marked a new record for a DC title in China and ranks fourth all-time for superhero films.(这标志着DC电影在中国创下了新纪录，在超级英雄电影史上排名第四)”可知，Aquaman是DC漫画超级英雄电影。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““Ralph Breaks the Internet” was No.1 for the third straight week (《无敌破坏王2：大闹互联网 》连续第三周位居榜首)”、第三段“Another holdover, “The Grinch”, with Benedict Cumberbatch as the voice of Dr.Seuss’ title character, trailed in second with $15.2 million in its fifth weekend.(另一部由Benedict Cumberbatch配音的《圣诞怪杰》在第五个周末以1520万美元的票房位居第二)”以及第四段“But the weekend’s biggest new arrival was in China, where “Aquaman” debuted with $93.6 million in ticket sales. (但周末最大的新票房是在中国，《潜水侠》以9360万美元的票房首次亮相)”可推知，排名前五的电影是根据一周的收入来排名的。故选B。
B
Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activity every week. Many people exercise for a few minutes every day or every other day. So, getting 150 minutes every week is easy.
But what about those times when you are sick If you do not feel well, should you keep following your exercise habit Health experts answer these and other questions.
Edward R. Laskowski is a doctor at the Mayo Clinic. He and other experts have a general rule of yes about exercising when you are sick. It is usually fine to exercise, he explains, if your symptoms （症状）are all “above the neck". These signs may include a runny nose, a blocked nose, sneezing or a minor sore throat.
Geralyn Coopersmith is a physical fitness trainer who has written several books on exercise and nutrition. Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear "below the neck". Pay special attention to symptoms such as chest congestion, extreme cough or pain in the stomach.
There are other symptoms that can tell you to avoid exercise. They include: a higher than normal body temperature, a sense of feeling extremely tired, and widespread muscle pain.
Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body. If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don't feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise. For example, if you usually run, take a quick walk instead.
4. How long should people do exercise to keep healthy
A. About 150 minutes per day. B. Around 100 minutes per day.
C. At least 150 minutes per week. D. No more than 100 minutes per week.
5. When will Edward R. Laskowski say no to exercise
A. When your left leg is broken. B. When you have a runny noses.
C. When you have a blocked nose. D. When you have a minor sore throat.
6 What is the meaning of "listening to your body” in Paragraph 6
A. Be careful with your cars. B. Learn to take advice of others.
C. Pay attention to body signals. D. Listen to music to keep healthy.
7. What will the writer be likely to agree with
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Nothing seek, nothing find.
C. Put your heart into exercise. D. Act according to your abilities.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。锻炼有助于保持身体健康，但是在感觉不适的时候，要看具体情况：如果病症出现在“颈部以上”的位置，通常可以锻炼；如果病症出现在“颈部以下”，请暂停锻炼。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的" Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activity every week. " 可知，锻炼有助于保持身体健康，美国心脏协会的医生建议每周至少进行150分钟的适当体育锻炼，因此人们应该每周至少运动150分钟才能保持健康。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear "below the neck”可知，库伯史密斯和拉斯科夫斯基博士都建议，如果你的疾病迹象出现在“颈部以下”，就应该暂停锻炼。因此Edward R. Laskowski不赞同在左腿骨折时运动。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段中“If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don't feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise.”可知，身体不适时应休息一下。如果不是非常不舒服，可以减少运动量。因此，"listening to your body”意为“听从你的身体”，这符合C项（注意身体发出的信号）的描述。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body.”可知，这两个人都建议按照身体的舒适程度来决定运动与否以及运动量，作者并没有提出反对和质疑，即作者赞同二者的建议，这符合D项（根据你的能力采取相应的行动）的描述。故选D项。
C
It’s summer, and school-aged kids are finding all kinds of ways to have fun, from a trip to the pool or playground to playing games with smart phones. As a result, they are also forgetting some of what they learned in school, a phenomenon (现象) called “summer slide”. Fortunately, summer slide can be prevented with just a little regular practice of fun.
Encourage reading every day. Make a special event out of a trip to the public library, and let your kids pick out whatever interests them. Give your kids a special treat for every book they finish. Help them set up a reading corner in their room that’s quiet, comfortable and free of various electronic distractions. Best of all, give them the gift of your own example as an enthusiastic reader.
Another way to make reading fun is to share a poem together. Poems by writers like Dr. Seuss, Shel Silverstein and Maurice Sendak are fun to read aloud, and often have a strong sense of humor that attracts children. Take turns reading them aloud to each other, talk about what they mean, and see if you can memorize your favorites. Then have a contest to see who can write the best poem.
Summer is a great time to visit a learning place together. Children’s museums are specially designed to make learning fun and enjoyable for kids and let them practice essential skills. Or just take a walk together on one of our many nature paths, where your children can use their reading skills to learn about the plants, animals and geology around them. And of course, don’t forget the special programs offered by many local public libraries, along with many other learning materials for kids of all ages.
8. Which of the following can be named “summer slide”
A. Having no idea how to play computer games.
B. Forgetting how to organize a camping activity.
C. Failing to know how to go swimming in a pool.
D. Not remembering how to do a chemistry experiment in the lab.
9. What’s the best way to keep your children reading
A. Taking them to libraries often.
B. Being an enthusiastic reader yourself.
C. Setting a reading corner in their room.
D. Giving them a treat to encourage reading.
10. What do we know about the poems mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. They are easy to read aloud.
B. They can be memorized by children.
C. They are suitable for both adults and children.
D. They attract children with their sense of humor.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. The cause of summer slide.
B. Fun ways to prevent summer slide.
C. Ways to keep children active in summer.
D. The effects of summer slide on children.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了“防止夏季滑坡的有趣方法”。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句As a result, they are also forgetting some of what they learned in school, a phenomenon (现象) called “summer slide”.可知，结果，他们也忘记了他们在学校学到的一些东西，这一现象被称为“夏季滑坡”。由此可知，“不记得如何在实验室做化学实验”可以被称为“夏季滑坡”。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Best of all, give them the gift of your own example as an enthusiastic reader.可知，最重要的是，给他们你自己的例子作为一个热情的读者的礼物。由此可知，让你的孩子持续阅读的最好方法是做一个热情的读者。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句Poems by writers like Dr. Seuss, Shel Silverstein and Maurice Sendak are fun to read aloud, and often have a strong sense of humor that attracts children.可知，苏斯博士、谢尔·西尔弗斯坦和莫里斯·森达克等作家的诗歌读起来很有趣，而且往往有很强的幽默感，吸引着孩子们。由此可知，第三段提到的诗歌，以幽默感吸引孩子。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句Fortunately, summer slide can be prevented with just a little regular practice of fun.可知，幸运的是，夏天滑坡是可以预防的，只要有一点规律的练习乐趣。由此可知，经常做一些有趣的锻炼就可以防止“夏天滑坡”，接着下文就是介绍几个锻炼的方法。因此本文主要介绍的是“防止夏季滑坡的有趣方法”。故选B。
D
Working or learning in a foreign country can be a difficult experience. The hardest part of working abroad isn't finding a place to stay or learning the language. It's learning to overcome the culture shock.
These things are part of everyday life, and include many signs, gestures, facial expressions ,and customs. When we enter a new culture, these cues (提示)are usually not present or so different that they’re no longer understandable to us.
“When a person enters a foreign culture, ” wrote Oberg, “all or most of these familiar cues are eliminated. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded he or she may be, lots of props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment.”
This is what happened to Lara, a young IT consultant (顾问) from America moved last year to their company in southern Europe. Three weeks after she arrived in Europe. Lara sent a desperate e-mail begging to return home. “The people are so unfriendly, ”Lara wrote ,"They eat at strange hours and I'm starting to get allergic (过敏的)to the local food. I can't get anything done because their way of doing business is so disorganized and so inefficient and I have a terrible skin itch because of the water. I want to come home! ”
What Lara and other IT consultants meet on their first assignment abroad is a culture shock. While you can’t prevent the culture shock from happening, you can take some measures to cut down its effects.
12. What is the most difficult part for a foreign student
A. Entering a famous school.
B. Finding a right place to live.
C. Adapting to the local culture.
D. Learning the foreign language.
13 Which of the following can replace the underlined word “eliminated”in Paragraph 4
A. solved B. measured
C. observed D. removed.
14 What happened to Lara when she arrived in Europe
A. Her life got into a mess.
B. She worked more efficient than at home.
C. She couldn’t get on well with her colleagues.
D. She was out of condition because of the weather
15. Why does the author describe Lara’s experience
A. To tell us how she manages to work well.
B. To explain to us what the culture shock is.
C. To show us how to adapt to the culture shock.
D. To show us where we'll meet with the culture shock.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在国外工作或学习所面临的“文化冲突”，它是当我们进入一种新的文化时，我们原先所熟悉的日常生活的部分，比如符号，手势，面部表情和习俗就不存在或大不相同了，我们无法理解它们，从而产生的像鱼儿离开了水的一种感觉。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第一段中的The hardest part of working abroad isn't finding a place to stay or learning the language. It's learning to overcome the culture shock. 在国外工作最困难的部分不是找到地方住下来或学习语言。而是学习克服文化冲击。可知，对一个外国学生而言，最困难的不是住宿，不是进入某所有名的学校或是学习语言，而是应对文化冲击。选项C适应当地的文化。切题，故选C。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。画线词后的lots of props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment许多支柱一下子从你的生活环境里被抽掉。画线词所在句子的主语all or most of these familiar cues对应主语lots of props，画线词对应knocked out from从……抽掉，选项D（移开，拿走）可以替换画线词，切题，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第四段中的“The people are so unfriendly, ”Lara wrote ,"They eat at strange hours and I'm starting to get allergic (过敏的)to the local food. I can't get anything done because their way of doing business is so disorganized and so inefficient and I have a terrible skin itch because of the water. … ” “人们太不友好了，” Lara写道，“他们在奇怪的时间吃东西，我开始对当地食物过敏。我不能做任何事情，因为他们做事情的方式是如此混乱，如此低效。因为当地的水我皮肤痒的可怕。”可知，Lara从生活到工作各方面都遇到了很多不适应，无法正常生活和工作。选项A她的生活一团糟。切题，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段中的What Lara and other IT consultants meet on their first assignment abroad is a culture shock. Lara 和其他 IT 顾问在首次出国工作时遇到的种种就是文化冲突。可知，作者之所以描述Lara的经历是为了具体解释他所介绍的文化冲突是什么。选项B为了向我们解释文化冲突是什么。选项B，切题，故选B。
【点睛】第2小题的词义猜测题的解题方法可以叫作“等量代换法”，在画线词后，找到画线词所在句子的同义句，然后分别比较两个句子的主语、谓语或宾语等，看画线词对应的是同义句中的哪个句子成份，那画线词就是同一句子成份的那个词汇的意思。all or most of these familiar cues are eliminated. 与lots of props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment.是同义句，画线词eliminated在句中是谓语动词（被动态），同义句中knocked out from是其谓语动词（被动态），二者可以等量代换，即eliminated词义=knocked out from词义，即可选定答案。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being fit and healthy doesn’t mean you have to work out for hours a day and eat nothing but chicken and vegetables for every meal. ____16____ The following are some of them.
You always complain you are too busy to go to the gym or to prepare a healthy meal. ____17____ You should start to put your health and fitness in the first place today. You can work out in the park and cook your favourite food after work. What you should do first is stop making excuses all the time.
You should walk more instead of driving a car when going out. The key to lifelong fitness is to simply be more active and walk more every day. Try your best to walk whenever and wherever you can —to the superstore, to the office, or go for an after-dinner walk with your family. ____18____
Instead of always going to the movies or watching TV, you should take part in activities that keep you moving. You can go for a bike ride, go on a hike, or go to play sports with your family and friends, such as ping-pong and basketball. ____19____ Not only will you get moving, but also you will have fun.
____20____ Many people underestimate the importance of a good night’s rest, but having a good rest each night is important for your health. Therefore, try to sleep seven to eight hours a night on a regular basis.
A. The list is endless.
B. Find ways to be close to nature.
C. Enough sleep is especially important.
D. Of course it’s not always possible to go to the gym.
E. However, for your health, you have to make a change.
F. In short, take every chance to walk as much as you can.
G. Actually, there are many good habits that will help you keep in shape.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍几种可以保持身体健康的好习惯。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Being fit and healthy doesn’t mean you have to work out for hours a day and eat nothing but chicken and vegetables for every meal. (身体健康并不意味着你必须每天锻炼几个小时，每顿饭只吃鸡肉和蔬菜。)”和下文“The following are some of them. (以下是其中的一些。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一些保持健康的方法。选项G“事实上，有很多好习惯可以帮助你保持健康。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“You always complain you are too busy to go to the gym or to prepare a healthy meal. (你总是抱怨自己太忙了，没有时间去健身房或准备健康的饭菜。)”和下文“You should start to put your health and fitness in the first place today. You can work out in the park and cook your favourite food after work. What you should do first is stop making excuses all the time. (你今天应该开始把你的健康放在首位。你可以在公园锻炼，下班后做你最喜欢的食物。你首先应该做的是不要总是找借口。)”可知，为了健康，要做出改变。选项E“然而，为了你的健康，你必须做出改变。”和上下文意思一致。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Try your best to walk whenever and wherever you can —to the superstore, to the office, or go for an after-dinner walk with your family. (无论何时何地，尽你最大的努力去散步——去超市、办公室，或者晚饭后和家人一起散步。)”可知，这里建议尽一切可能去散步。选项F“简言之，抓住每一个机会，尽可能多地走路。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Instead of always going to the movies or watching TV, you should take part in activities that keep you moving. You can go for a bike ride, go on a hike, or go to play sports with your family and friends, such as ping-pong and basketball. (与其总是去看电影或看电视，你应该参加一些能让你保持活力的活动。你可以骑自行车，徒步旅行，或者和家人和朋友一起运动，比如乒乓球和篮球。)”可知，这里是在列举一些锻炼身体的活动。选项A“清单是无穷无尽的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Many people underestimate the importance of a good night’s rest, but having a good rest each night is important for your health. Therefore, try to sleep seven to eight hours a night on a regular basis. (许多人低估了晚上好好休息的重要性，但每晚好好休息对你的健康很重要。因此，尽量有规律地每晚睡七到八个小时。)”可知，这一段强调睡眠的重要性。选项C“充足的睡眠尤为重要。”和下文意思一致。故选C。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I sat down at my desk and started writing a letter of thankfulness, but when it came to actually putting the letter into the mailbox, I ____21____ I couldn’t do it. I suddenly felt a sense of ____22____ and insecurity (不安).
The letter was to an old teacher with whom I kept in ____23____ on Facebook. For months, I read about what she ____24____ on her Facebook page, which helped me to live my life differently. Her volunteer work wasn’t huge. ____25____, she was doing small, local good deeds. Gradually, she changed my views on the world and for some reason, I felt I should let her know how her example ____26____ influenced me.
I could have easily sent her an email, but that seemed not enough for such an important thank-you. That’s why I ended up ____27____ the letter. But now here I was, standing before the mailbox, unable to put the envelope inside. What was stopping me It suddenly hit me that I was ____28____ of being too nice. I guessed I felt strange because it wasn’t like she was my best friend or a relative. Maybe my letter was too heartfelt. Thinking this over, I put the envelope in the mailbox ____29____.
Weeks later I received a Facebook response from her. It turned out she was going through a hard time and my note ____30____ a lot to her. She said she had no idea that she was playing such a big ____31____ in others’ life.
Not only did this letter make her happier, but her ____32____ increased my joy as well. I was so excited that it had such a great influence on her that I decided to write a(n) ____33____ letter to someone each month. Now it’s easier for me to ____34____ the goodness in others and be more ____35____ for this beautiful life I’m living.
21. A. continued B. stopped C. swapped D. paced
22. A. concern B. disappointment C. responsibility D. power
23. A. mind B. sight C. order D. touch
24. A. packed up B. suffered from C. set down D. gave up
25. A. So B. However C. Instead D. Meanwhile
26. A. greatly B. rapidly C. loosely D. widely
27. A. checking B. receiving C. handwriting D. reading
28. A. confident B. afraid C. fond D. sure
29. A. sadly B. officially C. finally D. entirely
30. A. meant B. persuaded C. offered D. determined
31. A. decision B. part C. usage D. order
32. A. exploration B. reply C. expression D. greeting
33. A. congratulation B. request C. comfort D. thank-you
34. A. hand out B. find out C. set out D. put out
35. A. grateful B. sorry C. satisfied D. careful
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲了作者再三犹豫后，给一位志愿者老教师写了封信，表达了自己对她志愿工作的认可和感谢。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在书桌前，开始写一封感谢信，但当我要把信投进邮箱时，我停了下来，因为我做不到。A. continued继续；B. stopped停止；C. swapped交换；D. paced踱步。根据下文“I couldn’t do it”可知，我停止了。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然有了一种担忧和不安全感。A. concern忧虑；B. disappointment失望；C. responsibility责任；D. power力量。根据下文“and insecurity”可知，此处指我有一种忧虑感。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这封信是写给一位老老师的，我和他在Facebook上一直保持着联系。A. mind思想；B. sight视野；C. order命令；D. touch接触。根据下文“For months, I read about what she 4 on her Facebook page, which helped me to live my life differently.”可知，我和这位老教师应该是在脸书上有联系，所以此处用固定短语keep in touch表示“保持联系”符合语境。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个月来，我一直在阅读她在Facebook页面上写下的内容，这帮助我改变了自己的生活方式。 A. packed up打包； B. suffered from遭受；C. set down写下；D. gave up放弃，根据空格前的“I read”可知，此处用短语set down指我读她写在脸书上写的文章，符合语境。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的志愿者工作不大，反而，她做的都是一些小事。A. So所以；B. However然而；C. Instead反而；D. Meanwhile同时。分析句意可知，此处的上下文之间是相反的意思，所以用Instead表示“反而”符合语境。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我感觉我应该让她知道她的榜样是如何极大地影响我的。A. greatly极大地；B. rapidly快速地；C. loosely宽松地；D. widely广泛地。根据空格后的“influenced”可知，此处用副词greatly表示“极大地”影响我，符合语境。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那就是我为什么最后发展为手写这封信。A. checking检查； B. receiving收到；C. handwriting 手写；D. reading阅读。根据下文“But now here I was, standing before the mailbox, unable to put the envelope inside.”可知，此处指手写的信件。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到我害怕表现得太好了。A. confident自信的；B. afraid担心的；C. fond喜爱的；D. sure确信的。根据下文“being too nice”可知作者是在担心。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过反复思考，最后我把这个信封投入信箱。A. sadly悲哀地；B. officially官方地；C. finally最后；D. entirely彻底地。根据上文“Thinking this over”可知，此处指经过反复思考后“最后”把信投入信箱，符合语境。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果证明她熬过了一段艰难的日子，我的便条对她意味深重。A. meant意味；B. persuaded说服；C. offered提供；D. determined决定。根据上文的“my note”可知，此处用mean a lot指我的便条对它“意味深重”符合语境。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说她不知道她在别人的生活中扮演着如此重要的角色。A. decision决定；B. part角色、作用；C. usage用法；D. order指示。根据上文的“playing such a”可知，此处用固定短语play a part in表示“扮演重要角色、起重要作用”符合语境。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这封信不仅使她更快乐，而且她的回复也增加了我的快乐。A. exploration探索；B. reply回复；C. expression表达；D. greeting问候。根据上文“Weeks later I received a Facebook response from her.”可知，应是她的回复也增加了作者的快乐。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很激动，它对她有那么大的影响，我决定每个月给别人写一封感谢信。A. congratulation祝贺；B. request请求；C. comfort安慰；D. thank-you感谢信。根据上文“it had such a great influence on her”可知，此处是指写“感谢信”符合语境。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，对于我来说，很容易发现别人的善良，对我过的美丽生活更充满感激。A. hand out分发；B. find out发现；C. set out出发；D. put out熄灭。根据下文的“goodness”可知，此处用固定短语find out表示“发现”善良，符合语境。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，对于我来说，很容易发现别人的善良，对我过的美丽生活更充满感激。A. grateful感激的；B. sorry遗憾的；C. satisfied满意的；D. careful小心的。根据下文的“beautiful life”可知，此处用be greateful for表示对美好生活充满感激，符合语境。故选A项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers. And extra-curricular activities ________36________ (prefer) by others, such as organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced ________37________ (course) out of curiosity. ________38________ (actual), some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their behaviors are sometimes confusing. They think there is a generation gap between ________39________ (they) and adults, so experts are trying to find a suitable solution. Johnson is ________40________ outgoing freshman. He is so attracted to Chinese literature that he ________41________ (give) up his studies in Chicago and come to China since he was 10 years old. Obviously, ________42________ the help of his teacher, his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese on campus now. As scheduled, he will graduate from the school ________43________ he has stayed for a long time next year. What he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese literature and he is ________44________ (interest) in Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”. An editor that acts responsibly has advised him ________45________ (read) some classical Chinese literature first. This suggestion means a lot to him.
【答案】36. are preferred
37. courses
38. Actually
39. themselves
40. an 41. has given
42. with 43. where
44. interested
45. to read
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章以约翰逊为例介绍了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：而课外活动则是其他人的首选，比如组织辩论、学习文学、跳芭蕾和打扫温室。根据全文时态可知，文章陈述一个客观现象，所以用一般现在时。主语activities是复数，且与动词prefer之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故填are preferred。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：但更多的人出于好奇而报名参加高级课程。course为可数名词，前文没有冠词故用复数形式。故填courses。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：事实上，一些青少年在年少时感到困惑，他们的行为有时令人困惑。修饰一句话需要用副词作状语。位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Actually。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们认为自己和成年人之间有代沟，所以专家们正在试图找到一个合适的解决方案。结合句意，空格处的宾语和主句主语一致，需要用反身代词。故填themselves。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：约翰逊是一个外向的高一新生。根据句意可知，此处表达“一个外向的学生”是泛指，需要用不定冠词；outstanding是元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：从10岁起，他就被中国文学深深吸引，放弃了在芝加哥的学业，来到中国。根据时间状语“since he was 10 years old”可知，句子使用现在完成时；主语he是单数，且与动词give是主动关系。故填has given。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：显然，在老师的帮助下，他的中文有了很大的进步，现在他可以在校园里说流利的中文了。固定搭配with the help of译为“在……帮助下”。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：按照计划，他将于明年从他呆了很长时间的学校毕业。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句；先行词the school在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他所专注的是中国古代文学，他对唐诗很感兴趣。固定搭配be interested in译为“对……感兴趣”，表示人的感受，用ed形式形容词作表语。故填interested。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.译为“建议某人做某事”。故填to read。
第三部分 应用文写作（满分25分）
读后续写（满分25分）
46. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Once there was a little girl Lily who was very friendly and popular in her class. She was friends with everyone in her class. There was no one in class who did not like her. She was very kind and would always be busy with her friends. She felt very happy that she had so many friends at school and in her neighborhood.
On Friendship Day, her class organized an event, in which everyone had to make three presents and give them to their best friends. Lily was really looking forward to the coming Friendship Day as she was expecting gifts from her friends. However, when all the presents were shared among her classmates, she was the only one who hadn’t received any presents. She felt terrible and cried a lot. She wondered how that was possible. She had made so much effort to be friends with everyone but in the end no one thought of her as one of their best friends.
Everyone came and tried to comfort her for a while but each one only stayed for a short time before leaving. This was exactly what Lily had done so many times to others.
On that day when she got home, her mother saw her sad face. And then her mother asked her the reason for her sadness. “Where can I find true friends ” Lily asked. Her mother was surprised at her question. Then she asked Lily what had happened in school. Her mother comfort her and said, “You cannot buy friends with a smile or a few good words. If you really want true friends, you will have to give them real time and love. For a true friend you must always be available，in good times and bad.”
Lily replied, “But I want to be friends with everyone!”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Her mother shook her head.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Lily decided to change her ways and thought how she could make true friends.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Her mother shook her head. She said, "My dear, you are a lovely girl but you can't be a close friend to everybody. There just isn't enough time available for everyone, so it's only possible to have a few true friends. The others will be playmates but they won't be close friends.” Hearing this Lily realized that although she was a good classmate, she had not been a true friend to anyone. She had tried not to argue with anyone and she had tried to pay attention to everyone but now she had found out that was not enough to create true friendships.
Lily decided to change her ways and thought how she could make true friends. Just thinking about that, she realized her mother was always willing to help her. She put up with all of Lily's dislikes and problems, she always forgave her and she loved her a great deal. Lily smiled from ear to ear. She realized that she already had the best friend anyone could ever want.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个叫做Lily 女孩，在班里和每个人关系都很好，但是在友谊日却没有人把她当成最好的朋友，她的妈妈告诉她要把真正的时间和爱分给一部分人，不是每个人都给一点时间，这样才会有真正的朋友。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“妈妈摇了摇头。”可知，第一段可描写述母亲并不赞成小女孩的说法，并告诉小女孩不是每个人都能成为真正的朋友的道理。
②由第二段首句内容“莉莉决定改变她的交友方式，并思考如何才能交到真正的朋友。”可知，第二段可描写小女孩决定改变自己的思维模式，最终意识到谁是真正的好朋友。同时升华文章主题。
2.续写线索：妈妈指点——思考——决定改变——觉醒——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①关注：pay attention to/keep a watchful eye on
②争论：argue with sb/ take issue with sb
情绪类
高兴：smile from ear to ear/with huge joy
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing this Lily realized that although she was a good classmate, she had not been a true friend to anyone.（现在分词作状语，although 引导让步状语从句）
[高分句型2] She realized that she already had the best friend anyone could ever want.（that引导宾语从句）长沙市德成学校2023—2024学年第二学期
高一英语入学考试试卷
满分：100分 时量：90分钟
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
NEW YORK — On a quiet weekend at the box office “Ralph Breaks the Internet” was No.1 for the third straight week, while the upcoming DC Comics superhero film “Aquaman” made a huge splash in Chinese theaters.
With no new wide releases, Disney’s “Ralph” again led in domestic (国内的) ticket sales with an estimated $16.1 million. The animated sequel has grossed more than $140 million in three weeks.
Another holdover, “The Grinch”, with Benedict Cumberbatch as the voice of Dr.Seuss’ title character, trailed in second with $15.2 million in its fifth weekend.
But the weekend’s biggest new arrival was in China, where “Aquaman” debuted with $93.6 million in ticket sales. That marked a new record for a DC title in China and ranks fourth all-time for superhero films.
Rounding out the top five: “Creed Ⅱ”, the latest in the “Rocky” series, starring Michael B. Jordan as Adonis Creed, finished third with $16.8 million. J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” prequel “Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald” held in fourth with $11.2 million, while Queen biopic “Bohemian Rhapsody” was fifth with $8.1 million.
1. What is the total earning of “Ralph Breaks the Internet” for the first three weeks
A. Over $16.1 million. B. Over $140 million.
C. Over $15.2 million. D. Over $93.6 million.
2. Which film is a DC superhero film in the passage
A. The Grinch. B. Fantastic Beasts. C. Aquaman. D. Creed Ⅱ.
3. The top five films are ranked (排名) based on their earnings during ______.
A. a weekend B. a week C. three weeks D. a month
B
Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activity every week. Many people exercise for a few minutes every day or every other day. So, getting 150 minutes every week is easy.
But what about those times when you are sick If you do not feel well, should you keep following your exercise habit Health experts answer these and other questions.
Edward R. Laskowski is a doctor at the Mayo Clinic. He and other experts have a general rule of yes about exercising when you are sick. It is usually fine to exercise, he explains, if your symptoms （症状）are all “above the neck". These signs may include a runny nose, a blocked nose, sneezing or a minor sore throat.
Geralyn Coopersmith is a physical fitness trainer who has written several books on exercise and nutrition. Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear "below the neck". Pay special attention to symptoms such as chest congestion, extreme cough or pain in the stomach.
There are other symptoms that can tell you to avoid exercise. They include: a higher than normal body temperature, a sense of feeling extremely tired, and widespread muscle pain.
Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body. If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don't feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise. For example, if you usually run, take a quick walk instead.
4. How long should people do exercise to keep healthy
A. About 150 minutes per day. B. Around 100 minutes per day.
C. At least 150 minutes per week. D. No more than 100 minutes per week.
5. When will Edward R. Laskowski say no to exercise
A. When your left leg is broken. B. When you have a runny noses.
C. When you have a blocked nose. D. When you have a minor sore throat.
6. What is the meaning of "listening to your body” in Paragraph 6
A. Be careful with your cars. B. Learn to take advice of others.
C. Pay attention to body signals. D. Listen to music to keep healthy.
7. What will the writer be likely to agree with
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Nothing seek, nothing find.
C. Put your heart into exercise. D. Act according to your abilities.
C
It’s summer, and school-aged kids are finding all kinds of ways to have fun, from a trip to the pool or playground to playing games with smart phones. As a result, they are also forgetting some of what they learned in school, a phenomenon (现象) called “summer slide”. Fortunately, summer slide can be prevented with just a little regular practice of fun.
Encourage reading every day. Make a special event out of a trip to the public library, and let your kids pick out whatever interests them. Give your kids a special treat for every book they finish. Help them set up a reading corner in their room that’s quiet, comfortable and free of various electronic distractions. Best of all, give them the gift of your own example as an enthusiastic reader.
Another way to make reading fun is to share a poem together. Poems by writers like Dr. Seuss, Shel Silverstein and Maurice Sendak are fun to read aloud, and often have a strong sense of humor that attracts children. Take turns reading them aloud to each other, talk about what they mean, and see if you can memorize your favorites. Then have a contest to see who can write the best poem.
Summer is a great time to visit a learning place together. Children’s museums are specially designed to make learning fun and enjoyable for kids and let them practice essential skills. Or just take a walk together on one of our many nature paths, where your children can use their reading skills to learn about the plants, animals and geology around them. And of course, don’t forget the special programs offered by many local public libraries, along with many other learning materials for kids of all ages.
8. Which of the following can be named “summer slide”
A. Having no idea how to play computer games.
B. Forgetting how to organize a camping activity.
C. Failing to know how to go swimming in a pool.
D. Not remembering how to do a chemistry experiment in the lab.
9. What’s the best way to keep your children reading
A. Taking them to libraries often.
B. Being an enthusiastic reader yourself.
C. Setting a reading corner in their room.
D. Giving them a treat to encourage reading.
10. What do we know about the poems mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. They are easy to read aloud.
B. They can be memorized by children.
C. They are suitable for both adults and children.
D. They attract children with their sense of humor.
11 What is the text mainly about
A. The cause of summer slide.
B. Fun ways to prevent summer slide.
C. Ways to keep children active in summer.
D. The effects of summer slide on children.
D
Working or learning in a foreign country can be a difficult experience. The hardest part of working abroad isn't finding a place to stay or learning the language. It's learning to overcome the culture shock.
These things are part of everyday life, and include many signs, gestures, facial expressions ,and customs. When we enter a new culture, these cues (提示)are usually not present or so different that they’re no longer understandable to us.
“When a person enters a foreign culture, ” wrote Oberg, “all or most of these familiar cues are eliminated. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded he or she may be, lots of props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment.”
This is what happened to Lara, a young IT consultant (顾问) from America moved last year to their company in southern Europe. Three weeks after she arrived in Europe. Lara sent a desperate e-mail begging to return home. “The people are so unfriendly, ”Lara wrote ,"They eat at strange hours and I'm starting to get allergic (过敏的)to the local food. I can't get anything done because their way of doing business is so disorganized and so inefficient and I have a terrible skin itch because of the water. I want to come home! ”
What Lara and other IT consultants meet on their first assignment abroad is a culture shock. While you can’t prevent the culture shock from happening, you can take some measures to cut down its effects.
12. What is the most difficult part for a foreign student
A. Entering a famous school.
B. Finding a right place to live.
C. Adapting to the local culture.
D. Learning the foreign language.
13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “eliminated”in Paragraph 4
A. solved B. measured
C. observed D. removed.
14. What happened to Lara when she arrived in Europe
A. Her life got into a mess.
B. She worked more efficient than at home.
C. She couldn’t get on well with her colleagues.
D. She was out of condition because of the weather
15. Why does the author describe Lara’s experience
A. To tell us how she manages to work well.
B. To explain to us what the culture shock is.
C. To show us how to adapt to the culture shock.
D. To show us where we'll meet with the culture shock.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being fit and healthy doesn’t mean you have to work out for hours a day and eat nothing but chicken and vegetables for every meal. ____16____ The following are some of them.
You always complain you are too busy to go to the gym or to prepare a healthy meal. ____17____ You should start to put your health and fitness in the first place today. You can work out in the park and cook your favourite food after work. What you should do first is stop making excuses all the time.
You should walk more instead of driving a car when going out. The key to lifelong fitness is to simply be more active and walk more every day. Try your best to walk whenever and wherever you can —to the superstore, to the office, or go for an after-dinner walk with your family. ____18____
Instead of always going to the movies or watching TV, you should take part in activities that keep you moving. You can go for a bike ride, go on a hike, or go to play sports with your family and friends, such as ping-pong and basketball. ____19____ Not only will you get moving, but also you will have fun.
____20____ Many people underestimate the importance of a good night’s rest, but having a good rest each night is important for your health. Therefore, try to sleep seven to eight hours a night on a regular basis.
A. The list is endless.
B. Find ways to be close to nature.
C. Enough sleep is especially important.
D. Of course it’s not always possible to go to the gym.
E. However, for your health, you have to make a change.
F. In short, take every chance to walk as much as you can.
G. Actually, there are many good habits that will help you keep in shape.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I sat down at my desk and started writing a letter of thankfulness, but when it came to actually putting the letter into the mailbox, I ____21____ I couldn’t do it. I suddenly felt a sense of ____22____ and insecurity (不安).
The letter was to an old teacher with whom I kept in ____23____ on Facebook. For months, I read about what she ____24____ on her Facebook page, which helped me to live my life differently. Her volunteer work wasn’t huge. ____25____, she was doing small, local good deeds. Gradually, she changed my views on the world and for some reason, I felt I should let her know how her example ____26____ influenced me.
I could have easily sent her an email, but that seemed not enough for such an important thank-you. That’s why I ended up ____27____ the letter. But now here I was, standing before the mailbox, unable to put the envelope inside. What was stopping me It suddenly hit me that I was ____28____ of being too nice. I guessed I felt strange because it wasn’t like she was my best friend or a relative. Maybe my letter was too heartfelt. Thinking this over, I put the envelope in the mailbox ____29____.
Weeks later I received a Facebook response from her. It turned out she was going through a hard time and my note ____30____ a lot to her. She said she had no idea that she was playing such a big ____31____ in others’ life.
Not only did this letter make her happier but her ____32____ increased my joy as well. I was so excited that it had such a great influence on her that I decided to write a(n) ____33____ letter to someone each month. Now it’s easier for me to ____34____ the goodness in others and be more ____35____ for this beautiful life I’m living.
21. A. continued B. stopped C. swapped D. paced
22. A. concern B. disappointment C. responsibility D. power
23. A. mind B. sight C. order D. touch
24. A. packed up B. suffered from C. set down D. gave up
25 A. So B. However C. Instead D. Meanwhile
26. A. greatly B. rapidly C. loosely D. widely
27. A. checking B. receiving C. handwriting D. reading
28. A. confident B. afraid C. fond D. sure
29. A. sadly B. officially C. finally D. entirely
30. A. meant B. persuaded C. offered D. determined
31. A. decision B. part C. usage D. order
32. A. exploration B. reply C. expression D. greeting
33. A. congratulation B. request C. comfort D. thank-you
34 A. hand out B. find out C. set out D. put out
35. A. grateful B. sorry C. satisfied D. careful
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers. And extra-curricular activities ________36________ (prefer) by others, such as organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced ________37________ (course) out of curiosity. ________38________ (actual), some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their behaviors are sometimes confusing. They think there is a generation gap between ________39________ (they) and adults, so experts are trying to find a suitable solution. Johnson is ________40________ outgoing freshman. He is so attracted to Chinese literature that he ________41________ (give) up his studies in Chicago and come to China since he was 10 years old. Obviously, ________42________ the help of his teacher, his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese on campus now. As scheduled, he will graduate from the school ________43________ he has stayed for a long time next year. What he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese literature and he is ________44________ (interest) in Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”. An editor that acts responsibly has advised him ________45________ (read) some classical Chinese literature first. This suggestion means a lot to him.
第三部分 应用文写作（满分25分）
读后续写（满分25分）
46. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Once there was a little girl Lily who was very friendly and popular in her class. She was friends with everyone in her class. There was no one in class who did not like her. She was very kind and would always be busy with her friends. She felt very happy that she had so many friends at school and in her neighborhood.
On Friendship Day, her class organized an event, in which everyone had to make three presents and give them to their best friends. Lily was really looking forward to the coming Friendship Day as she was expecting gifts from her friends. However, when all the presents were shared among her classmates, she was the only one who hadn’t received any presents. She felt terrible and cried a lot. She wondered how that was possible. She had made so much effort to be friends with everyone but in the end no one thought of her as one of their best friends.
Everyone came and tried to comfort her for a while but each one only stayed for a short time before leaving. This was exactly what Lily had done so many times to others.
On that day when she got home, her mother saw her sad face. And then her mother asked her the reason for her sadness. “Where can I find true friends ” Lily asked. Her mother was surprised at her question. Then she asked Lily what had happened in school. Her mother comfort her and said, “You cannot buy friends with a smile or a few good words. If you really want true friends, you will have to give them real time and love. For a true friend you must always be available，in good times and bad.”
Lily replied, “But I want to be friends with everyone!”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Her mother shook her head.
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Paragraph 2:
Lily decided to change her ways and thought how she could make true friends.
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