课件151张PPT。Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Period One Warming Up & Reading?
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar?
Period Four Writing
单元总结提升 ?Unit 4 Wildlife protection Unit 4 │ Wildlife protection单元话题导入 导读：世界自然基金会(World Wide Fund for Nature)是在全球享有盛誉的、最大的独立的非政府环境保护组织之一，自1961年成立以来，WWF一直致力于环保事业，在全世界拥有500多万支持者和一个在100多个国家活跃着的项目网络。
Unit 4 │ Wildlife protection WWF's giant panda symbol, Chi Chi
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an interna- tional non-governmental organization founded on April 29, 1961, and is working on issues about the conservation, research and restoration of the environment. It was formerly named the World Wildlife Fund, which remains its official name in Canada and the United States. It is the world's largest conservation organization with over 5 million supporters worldwide, working in more than 100 countries, supporting around 1，300 conservation and environmental projects. WWF is a foundation, in 2010 getting 57% of funding from individuals andUnit 4 │ Wildlife protection bequests(遗赠), 17% from government sources (such as the World Bank, DFID, USAID) and 11% from corporations.
WWF was formed on April 29, 1961, under the name of World Wildlife Fund, and its first office was opened on 11 September that same year in Morges, Switzerland. As more
resources became available, its operations expanded into other areas such as the reduction of pollution，and climate change. The organization also began to run its own conservation projects and campaigns, and by the 1980s started to take a better way to its conservation activities.Unit 4 │ Wildlife protection In 1986, the organization changed its name to World Wide Fund for Nature, keeping the WWF initials. However, it continued at that time to operate under the original name in the United States and Canada.
WWF works with a large number of different groups to achieve its goals, including other NGOs, governments, businesses, investment banks, scientists, fishermen, farmers and local communities. It also takes all kinds of measures to influence decision makers, and tries to educate people on how to live in a more environmentally friendly manner. ItUnit 4 │ Wildlife protectionencourages people to donate funds to protect the
environment. The donors can also choose to receive gifts in return.Unit 4 │ Wildlife protectionTask: Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
1. The former name of the World Wide Fund for Nature was ________．
2. WWF does lots of things to educate people on ________in a more environmentally friendly way.[答案]
The World Wildlife Fund
how to livePeriod One Warming Up & ReadingPeriod OnePeriod One │ 三维目标Knowledge and skills
(1)To understand the meanings of the following and learn about the general usages of some of them:
New words：
mercy, contain, succeed
Phrases：
die out, in peace, burst into laughter
Sentence patterns：
主语＋be＋to do三维目标(2)Develop the students' reading ability by skimming and scanning the text.
(3)Develop the students' writing ability by studying how the text is organized.
(4)Develop the students' speaking ability by the students' activities.
Process and methods
(1)Warming Up
In this section teachers can make full use of the information in the tables to lead in the class. At the same time, teachers should make the students aware Period One │ 三维目标of the present situation of wildlife in the world.
(2)Pre-reading
In this period, teachers should make the students
discuss why they should be concerned about animals
in danger of disappearing. It is important for them
to understand that the food that we eat is either
from plants or animals. Animals are essential for our
welfare and well-being.Period One │ 三维目标(3)Reading and Comprehending
In this key part, teachers may first ask the students to
read the text quickly to finish some exercises about the
passage. By studying this part students can learn wildlife
protection is urging.
Emotion，attitude and value
Inspire the students to have strong interest in wildlife
protection and make them focus on environmental
problems of the world.Period One │ 三维目标Period One │ 重点难点【重点】
Make the students aware of the urging situation of wildlife protection.
【难点】
Make the students master new words and phrases：
contain 包含；容纳；容忍
burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来重点难点Period One │ 教学建议1．In doing warm-up, prepare some riddles about pandas. Then inspire the students by asking them to guess the answers.
2．During pre-reading，teachers should help deal with new words and phrases.
3．In reading and comprehending，ask the students to get some specific information and pick out some key words and expressions to understand the text fully.教学建议Period One │ 新课导入 【导入一】
Begin the class like this：
Now，here is a riddle for you. Listen carefully and tell me what it is.
It is a huge beast with black stripes all over its body. It belongs to the cat family and lives in the forest…
Question 1: Could you tell me what it is?
Question 2: Do you know something about it?新课导入Period One │ 新课导入 【导入二】
Start the class like this：
Teachers had better prepare some pictures of wild animals in advance and show them to the students.Then ask the students to answer：
(1)Do you know what it is?
(2)Do you know something about it?Period One │ 课前自主预习 课前自主预习Task One：Fast Reading
Ⅰ. Scan the text to find the main idea of the passage.
The text is mainly about Daisy's wonderful ________with some animals.[答案] experience
Ⅱ. Scan the text to find a topic sentence for each paragraph.
Para.1: A．A good example of wildlife protection.
Para.2: B．What we can get from wildlife
protection.
Para.3 & Para.4: C．Why we need wildlife protection.Period One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] Para.1—C Para.2—A Para.3 & Para.4—B
Task Two：Careful Reading
1．Daisy saw an antelope looking sad in Tibet.( )
2．Antelopes were killed for the meat that is taken from under their stomachs.( )
3．The elephants in Zimbabwe used to be protected well by the farmers.( )
4．Mosquitoes protect the monkey from a millipede insect.( )
5．The best way to help wildlife accordingly is to give money to the people who hunt animals，farmers included.( )Period One │ 课前自主预习 TFFFFⅡ. Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Antelopes in Tibet become endangered because________．
A. they are killed by other animals for food
B. the environment is badly polluted
C. people kill them to use their fur
D. their food chain(食物链) is cut off Period One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] C2. The farmers hunted the Zimbabwe elephants without mercy because ________．
A. they wanted to sell the elephants for money
B. their families were attacked with no compensations received
C. the number of elephants was so large that they eat too much food
D. their farms were destroyed but they didn't get any money from touristsPeriod One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] D3. It can be learned from the text that ________．
A. the Zimbabwe government did a good job in saving the elephants
B. the rainforest produces drugs that are good for millipede insects
C. the farmers also got some money from tourists after the WWF helped
D. mosquitoes help protect monkeys from millipede insects Period One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] A4. The sentence “No rainforest，no animals, no drugs.” means ________．
A．there was no drug in the rainforest
B．animals in the rainforest didn't need drugs
C．rainforest，animals and drugs were resulted in and from each other
D. drugs were important for animals and the rainforestPeriod One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] C5. It can be inferred from the text that next Daisy would _______．
A. go and buy a flying carpet
B. work with WWF to help wildlife
C. laugh over what she had experienced
D. cry because she could not make her new drug Period One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] BPeriod One │ 课前自主预习
Task Three：Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blank.
Daisy had always longed 1. ________(help) endangered species of wildlife. One day a flying carpet took her to a 2. ________ (distance) land in Tibet where Daisy saw an antelope looking sad. It told Daisy that they were being killed for the wool 3. ________ their stomachs. As a result, they are now an endangered species.
Then the flying carpet took Daisy to Zimbabwe, 4. ________ Daisy burst into laughter 5. ________ relief. to helpdistantbeneathwherein There an elephant told her that they used to be an endangered species, 6. ________ that their numbers were increasing with the government's help. Daisy smiled when she heard that so many things 7. _______________ (do) there to save local wildlife, which showed the 8. ____________ (important) of wildlife protection.
Finally the flying carpet and Daisy were in a thick rainforest, where a monkey was protecting 9. ________from mosquitoes by rubbing an insect over its body. The monkey also told Daisy to pay more attention to the rainforest and appreciate 10. ________ the animals live together.Period One │ 课前自主预习 andwere being doneimportancehowitself1 respond vi. 回答，响应；做出反应
(教材P26)Daisy responded immediately.
戴茜立即做出回答。Period One │ 课堂互动探究 ◇ 词汇点睛 ◇课堂互动探究 Period One │ 课堂互动探究 (1)respond to sb/sth 回答某人/回应某事
respond to sth (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应
(2)response n. 响应；回答
in response to 作为对……的答复/反应(通常
作状语)
make (a) response to 对……做出反应【活学活用】
(1)He responded to my suggestion with a laugh/by laughing.
他对我的建议报以一笑。
(2)There has been no response to his remarks from the government.
政府尚未对他的言论做出回应。
(3)Like any other public servants, police must respond________ public demand.
和其他公务员一样，警察必须对公众的需求做出回应。Period One │ 课堂互动探究 to(4)My mother opened the door ______________the knock, but there was no one outside.
听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。
(5)Gradually, she realized that __________ to all the letters she wrote would be a great burden for her busy father.
她逐渐意识到要回复她写的所有信件对她忙碌的爸爸来说是一个大负担。Period One │课堂互动探究 in response toresponding2 mercy n. 仁慈，宽恕，怜悯
(教材P26)Farmers hunted us without mercy.
农民们毫不留情地猎杀我们。
Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)She showed mercy to the orphan. She is a merciful lady.
她怜悯那个孤儿，是个仁慈的女子。
(2)When they were about to kill him, he begged them to have mercy on him.
当他们要杀死他的时候，他求他们宽恕他。
(3)They were lost at the sea, ______________ the weather.
他们在海上迷了路，任凭天气的摆布。Period One │课堂互动探究 at the mercy of(4)They killed the injured animals __________mercy.
他们残忍地杀死了受伤的动物。
(5)Even though he was guilty, the __________judge did not send him to prison.
虽然他有罪，但是这个仁慈的法官没有把他送进监狱。Period One │课堂互动探究 withoutmerciful3 contain vt. 包含; 容纳; 抑制 (＝control)
(教材P26)It contains a powerful drug which affects
mosquitoes.
它含有一种可以防止蚊子叮咬的强效药。Period One │课堂互动探究 contain oneself 克制自己
container n. 容器【易混辨析】
contain与include
(1)contain指所包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分。
(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，通常指同类。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)The class contains twenty students, including seven girls.
＝The class contains twenty students, seven girls included.
全班有二十名学生，其中包括七个女生。
(2)So astonished was he that he could hardly contain himself for joy.
他如此惊讶以至于控制不住自己的高兴之情。
(3)The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It________ a lot of fruit and green vegetables.
中国的饮食被认为是世界上最健康的，它包含许多水果和绿色蔬菜。Period One │ 课堂互动探究 contains(4)Everyone took part in the fight against the flood, ________________________________________ ．
每个人都投身到抗洪救灾工作中，包括老人。
(5)写出下列句子中contain的含义
①More than a hundred firemen are still trying to contain the fire at the plant. ( )
②Orange juice contains things which help you keep healthy.( )
③This bottle contains two glasses of beer.( )Period One │课堂互动探究 控制；遏制；防止……蔓延容纳含有old people included/including old people4 appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到
(教材P26)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)We shall appreciate hearing from you again.
我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。
(2)Are you driving to the airport, sir? I would appreciate it if you could give me a lift.
先生，你是开车去机场吗？如果你能载我一程，我将非常感激。
(3)There is no one who doesn't appreciate ____________by name and asked about some minor details of his or her life.
每个人都会欣赏能够叫上自己的名字和询问自己生活次要细节的人。Period One │课堂互动探究 being called(4)__________________the enthusiastic applause, the vocalist sang another song.
为了答谢热情的掌声，那个歌手唱了另一首歌。
(5)We will appreciate ________ if you offer us some good advice.
如果你能给我们提一些好建议，我们会十分感激。Period One │课堂互动探究 In appreciation ofit 5 succeed vi.成功；继承 vt.接替，继任
(教材P27)What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?
如果野生动植物保护要想取得成功的话，必须采取什么样的措施呢？Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)It is well known to all that failure is the mother of success.
众所周知，失败是成功之母。
(2)After succeeding to his father's company as president，he succeeded in making the company more successful in its field.
在他继承了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后，他使公司在其领域里获得了更大的成功。
(3)Scientists claim they have succeeded ____________ a cure for cancer.
科学家声称他们发现了一种治疗癌症的方法。Period One │课堂互动探究 in finding(4)To be successful ________reaching your goals, you must make sure you set realistic, viable goals.
为了成功达到目标，你必须确保你设定的目标是现实的、可行的。
(5)The books were________ great success even though some critics did not like them.
这些书大获成功，尽管有些评论家不喜欢它们。 Period One │课堂互动探究 in a6 harm n．& vt.损害，伤害
(教材P27)What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals?
应该采取什么措施来惩罚那些危害动物的人们呢？Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【易混辨析】
harm, hurt, injure与wound
(1)harm常用于口语，表示肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安，不便。
(2)hurt伤害(感情或身体上)。普通用词，常用于口语。多用于有生命的东西，常指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的痛苦或感情上的伤害。作不及物动词时表“疼痛”。 Period One │课堂互动探究
(3)injure伤害，损害(身体上)，损害(名誉)。普通用词，常指各种性质的身体上的伤害。多指事故中人的损伤，如：容貌、生理、身体等。
(4)wound使受伤，伤害，损害。主要指外界暴力或用武器造成身体上较重的伤害，像刀伤、枪伤、刺伤等。多指战场上受伤，还可以指精神上的创伤。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)The dog seems fierce, but it won't harm anyone.
这条狗看上去很凶，但它不会伤害任何人。
(2)Fruit juice can be harmful to children's teeth.
果汁可能会损坏儿童的牙齿。
(3)It can't be denied that advertisement brings us much benefit and convenience, but I still firmly believe that it ________________ than good.
不可否认广告给我们带来一些好处和便利，但我仍坚信它是弊大于利。Period One │课堂互动探究 does more harm(4)Not only _________________________________________to yourself, but also affects other people.
吸烟不仅对你自己有害，还会影响到别人。
(5)用harm，hurt，injure，wound填空
①My heart was seriously________ by what he said yesterday.
②The soldier was badly __________ in the head.
③Getting up early won't ________ you!
④He was so ________ in his pride that he stayed at home all day without meeting anyone.Period One │课堂互动探究 does smoking do harm/is smoking harmfulhurt woundedharminjured 1 die out 灭亡，逐渐消失
(教材P25)As a result these endangered animals may even die out.
结果，这些濒危的动物甚至可能会灭绝。Period One │课堂互动探究 ◇ 短语储存 ◇Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Scientists said that those plants died out a century ago.
科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。
(2)If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will die off.
如果暴风雪不停息，牛群就要死掉了。
(3)在下列句中填入适当的介词或副词
①The excitement died ________ as time went by.
②The sound of the music died ________．
③The young driver died ________ the wounds caused by a road accident.Period One │课堂互动探究 downaway from ④She died ________ a fever, and no one could save her.
⑤The trees have been dying ________ during the cold winter, and there are few left.
⑥If some rare animals are killed, they will die ________．Period One │课堂互动探究 ofoffout2 protect…from/against… 保护……不受……(危害)
(教材P26)I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes.
我在保护自己免遭蚊子的叮咬。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)In summer，many people usually wear dark glasses to protect their eyes from the sun.
在夏天，很多人通常戴墨镜以保护他们的眼睛不受阳光的刺激。
(2)The workers can use their own rights accordingly under the protection of the law.
在法律的保护下工人们可以相应地行使自己的权利。
(3)You should turn to your teacher for __________if you are in danger.
如果你处于危险中，你应该向你的老师寻求保护。Period One │课堂互动探究 protection(4)Animals living in the waters, especially the sea waters，___________________ the destruction of their species by man.
生活在水中的动物，尤其是海洋中的动物得以幸免于人类的迫害。
(5)Dolphins are our friends. We have the responsibility to protect them from____________(hurt)．
海豚是我们的朋友，我们有责任去保护它们免受伤害。Period One │课堂互动探究 being hurtare protected from3 pay attention to 注意
(教材P26)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。 Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)How many times should I tell you that you can pay attention to your writing?
我要对你说多少次你才能注意你的书写？
(2)There is no doubt that the main purpose of the advert is to catch people's attention.
毫无疑问，广告的主要目的是引人注意。
(3)The teacher suggested to us that special attention should ____________details in particular in exams.
老师建议我们考试时要特别对细节予以深切的注意。 Period One │课堂互动探究 be paid to(4)Great attention must be paid ______________(develop) welfare, especially in the poor areas.
必须要极力关注发展福利事业，尤其是在贫困地区。
(5)The meeting deals with a few problems __________ attention should be paid in cultural construction of a university campus.
这次会议是有关大学校园文化建设中应注意的几个问题。Period One │课堂互动探究 to developingto which1 (教材P26)There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad.
在那儿戴茜看到一只羚羊，神情沮丧。Period One │课堂互动探究 ◇ 句型透视 ◇【句法分析】
see sb doing sth意为“看见某人正在做某事”，表示正在进行的动作；see sb do sth 意为“看见某人做过某事”，表示事情发生的全过程。相同用法的词(词组)还有watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel等。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调过程)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。(强调动作)
(2)The missing boy was last seen playing near the river.
那个失踪的男孩最后一次被看到时正在河边玩。(强调动作)Period One │课堂互动探究 (3)They knew her very well. They had seen her ________(grow) up from childhood.
他们很了解她，他们是看着她长大成人的。
(4)She was seen ____________(enter) the building about the time the crime was committed.
有人看见她大约在案发时间进入了大楼。
(5)When she noticed the teacher ________(stare) at her, she lowered her head in shame.
当她注意到老师正盯着她的时候，她羞愧地低下了头。Period One │课堂互动探究 growto enterstaring(教材P26) It shows the importance of wildlife
protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.
这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。 Period One │课堂互动探究 【句法分析】
as表示“像……那样；如……”，引导方式状语从句。suggest意为“建议”， suggest doing sth建议做某事；suggest接从句时有两种语气，作“建议”讲时，从句谓语多用“should＋do”结构，作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面从句用一般语气。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)When you are in the lab, you must do as the teacher tells you.
当你在实验室的时候，你一定要按老师所说的去做。
(2)A darkroom, as the name suggests, is a dark room used for developing photographs.
暗房，顾名思义，是用来冲洗照片的黑暗房间。
(3)The travellers reached the destination along the road ________the map shows.
旅游者们按照地图展示的路线到达了目的地。Period One │课堂互动探究
as(4)I've written John an urgent letter and suggested __________________________________ (send) it to his boss.
我给约翰写了一封急信，并且建议他把信给他的老板。
(5)She smiled, but her eyes suggested that she________ (be) not happy at all.
她笑了笑，但眼神显示出她并不快乐。Period One │课堂互动探究
his sending/that he (should) sendwasPeriod Two Learning about Language & Using LanguagePeriod TwoPeriod Two │ 三维目标Knowledge and skills
(1)Learn some useful new words and phrases：incident, come into being, inspect, according to, dust.
(2)Improve the students' reading ability.
(3)Train the students' ability to grasp the key information while listening.
(4)Enable the students to have the ability of talking about cultural relics and ways to protect them.
(5)Help the students learn how to offer advice.三维目标Process and methods
(1)Do learning about language exercises on Page 28.
(2)Do listening practice.
(3)Talk about how to offer advice.
Emotion，attitude and value
Develop the students' love and appreciation for life.Period Two │ 三维目标Period Two │ 重点难点【重点】
Words and expressions：incident, come into being, inspect, according to, dust.
【难点】
Help the students learn how to offer advice.重点难点Period Two │ 教学建议 In writing, teachers had better offer some advanced words to the students to help their writing. 教学建议Period Two │ 新课导入【导入一】
In daily life we often offer advice to our friends. However…
Question：What should we pay attention to when we offer advice?
【导入二】
Teachers can start the lesson like this：
Today we'll have a debate.The topic is offering advice…新课导入1 bite (bit；bitten) vt.& vi.咬；叮；刺痛
(教材P29)What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes?
如果你正在被蚊子叮咬，你应该做什么？
【温馨提示】 “咬某人的腿”表示为“bite sb in the leg”，即“bite＋人＋介词＋the＋部位”，而不用bite one‘s leg。
Period Two │ 课堂互动探究 ◇ 词汇点睛 ◇【活学活用】
(1)Mosquitoes contract the virus when they bite infected birds.
蚊子叮咬了染病的飞禽后，受到病毒感染。
(2)The baby's cutting her first teeth so she needs something to bite on.
婴儿正在出牙，所以她需要咬东西。
(3)Every year in this country more than 50，000 children ____________ by dogs.
每年这个国家有5万多儿童被狗咬伤。Period Two │ 课堂互动探究 are bitten(4)Walking in the park, I ________________the leg by a mosquito.
在公园散步时，我腿上被蚊子叮了一下。
(5)________________________ twice, he takes a roundabout route once he sees one dog.
被咬了两次，现在一看到狗他就绕道而行。Period Two │课堂互动探究 was bitten inHaving been bitten/Bitten 2 inspect vt. 检查；视察
(教材P30)When scientists inspected the bones，they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.
科学家们观察它们的骨头时，惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅跟
其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。Period Two │课堂互动探究 inspection n． 检查；视察
inspector n. 检查员；视察者【活学活用】
(1)Police were called out to protect the airport, and inspect the arriving planes.
警察们被紧急召集起来去守卫机场，并对到达的飞机进行检查。
(2)It is said that an inspector will come to inspect our school，and he will judge our school according to his inspection.
据说一位检查员将来视察我们学校，并根据他的视察情况来评判我们学校。Period Two │课堂互动探究 (3)He discovered on closer____________， that the rocks contained gold.
经过更为仔细的探察，他发现这些岩石含金。
(4)As soon as the shipment arrives at our port, we will have it __________.
这批货一到我们的港口，我们马上就进行检验。
(5)The teacher walked around____________their homework.
老师走来走去检查他们的作业。Period Two │ 课堂互动探究 inspectioninspectedinspecting3 incident n. 事件；事变
(教材P30)Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.
一些科学家认为恐龙灭绝发生在一次意外事件之后，当时宇宙间一块巨石击中地球因而在空气中扬起太多的尘土。Period Two │课堂互动探究 Period Two │课堂互动探究 Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)The serious incident along the border increased our worries of the war.
边境上严重的冲突增加了我们对战争的忧虑。
(2)用incident, accident, event, thing 填空
①She met with a(n) ________ on her way home last night.
②There have been several new________added to the programme for the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.
③With many ________ to do, I can't go to the park with you.
④Life at camp was filled with funny ________ last month.Period Two │课堂互动探究 accidenteventsthingsincidents1 come into being 出现；形成；产生
(教材P30)They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.
千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，它们的未来在那时看来很安全。Period Two │课堂互动探究 ◇ 短语储存 ◇Period Two │课堂互动探究 Period Two │课堂互动探究 (3)用come短语的适当形式填空
①The contract will ________________ upon signature.
②The Kingdom of Italy formally _______________on March 17，1861.
③When the car goes around the corner，our house will ________________．
④The new government ___________________ next month. Period Two │课堂互动探究 come into effectcome into beingcome into view will come into power2 so that 以至于，结果Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly.
我说话声音很大目的是让所有的学生清楚地听到我。(目的状语从句)
(2)Maria likes the woolen dress, so that she decides to buy it immediately.
玛丽亚喜欢这件羊毛连衣裙，因此她决定立即买下它。(结果状语从句)
(3)①He worked hard at his lessons ______________________ (gain) high grades in the exams.
为了考试能获得好成绩，他努力学习功课。 Period Two │课堂互动探究 so that he could gain②He worked hard at his lessons，________________(gain) high grades in the exams.
他努力学习，因此考试获得了好成绩。
(4)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so that she ________ stay home and take care of her family.
当儿子出生时凯茜已辞去了工作，目的是她能够待在家里照顾家人。Period Two │课堂互动探究 so that he gained could1 (教材P30)They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，它们的未来在那时看来很安全。Period Two │课堂互动探究 ◇ 句型透视 ◇【句法分析】
long before “早在……之前”，long before 连接的时间状语从句用一般现在时呼应主句的一般将来时；一般过去时呼应主句的一般过去时或过去将来时。before long相当于soon，表示“很快；不久”，常与将来时连用。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)I had heard of him long before I came here.
早在我来这儿之前我就听说过他的情况。
(2)Before long he went to Canada to go on with his further education.
不久以后他就去加拿大继续深造了。
(3)The law came into use many years ago, __________the new law came into being，and it seemed practical at that time.
这则法律很多年前就在用了，比新法律的形成早很多，并且在那时它似乎很实用。Period Two │课堂互动探究 long before (4)How long do you think ______________before human beings can be sent to the Mars?
你认为还要多久人类才能登上火星？
(5)The American Civil War lasted four years ________ the North won in the end.
美国南北战争持续了四年北方才最终取得胜利。Period Two │课堂互动探究 it will be before2 (教材P30)When scientists inspected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.当科学家们观察它们的骨头时，他们惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【句法分析】
本句是一个主从复合句。when引导一个时间状语从句，表示“当……时”；that引导一个宾语从句，作find的宾语；宾语从句中“not only…but also…”连接两个并列的动作run和climb。they were surprised to find属“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”结构，这一结构中的形容词往往是表示心理活动的词；接不定式时，不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语，且经常使用不定式的主动形式，不定式表原因。用于这一句式结构的形容词有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, eager, anxious, angry等。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Returning from their holiday, they were surprised to find their house at sixes and sevens.
度假归来，他们吃惊地发现房子里乱七八糟的。
(2)He not only took me home but also came the next day to see if I had recovered.
他不仅送我回家，而且第二天来看我是否康复。
(3)The fans____________________ (disappoint) see their favourite singer go out of the contest.
支持者们看到他们最喜爱的歌手在比赛中被淘汰感到很失望。Period Two │课堂互动探究
were disappointed to(4)She _________________ (delight) talk again of the country in which her youth was spent.
她很高兴再谈谈年轻时候住过的乡村。
(5)Not only did he lose his way, ___________his wallet was stolen.
他不仅迷了路，而且钱包还被偷了。Period Two │课堂互动探究
was delighted tobut (also) Period Three GrammarPeriod ThreePeriod Three │ 三维目标Knowledge and skills
(1)Help the students to grasp：
Words: bite, inspect
Phrases: come into being, according to
(2)Get the students to know the Present Progressive Passive Voice.
(3)Help the students learn how to use the Present Progressive Passive Voice.
(4)Enable the students to use the Present Progressive Passive Voice correctly.三维目标Period Three │ 三维目标Process and methods
(1)Let the students pick out the sentences with the Present Progressive Passive Voice in the passage and ask them to translate them into Chinese to understand them.
(2)Offer the students more examples to compare and help them discover the structure of the Present Progressive Passive Voice.
(3)Make the students do the exercises in discovering useful structures of this unit for the students to master the usage of the Present Progressive Passive Voice.Period Three │ 三维目标(4)Summarize the Present Progressive Passive Voice with the students together.
(5)Ask the students to do more exercises for consolidation.
Emotion，attitude and value
Make the students know more about English grammar: the Present Progressive Passive Voice.Period Three │ 重点难点【重点】
Get the students to know the Present Progressive Passive Voice and learn how to use the Present Progressive Passive Voice.
【难点】
Enable the students to use the Present Progressive Passive Voice correctly.重点难点Period Three │ 教学建议 There is no such grammar in Chinese and it is difficult for Chinese students to understand and use the Present Progressive Passive Voice correctly. So the teachers had better give the students enough examples to understand and compare over and over again before they summarize the grammar rules 教学建议Period Three │ 新课导入【导入一】
Teachers had better make one sentence and write it on the blackboard：
The panda is being photographed by Daisy.
Question：Who can say something about the above sentence pattern?新课导入Period Three │ 新课导入【导入二】
Teachers should design the situation in which the following sentence is used：
The panda is being photographed by Daisy.
Then lead in the grammar of this unit. 现在进行时的被动语态
一、现在进行时的被动语态的构成：be＋being＋done。如：The new building is being built now; I can't stand its noise.
新的大楼现在正在被建造，我受不了它的噪声。
二、现在进行时的被动语态的形式
1. 肯定式：主语＋be＋being＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他．如：
Another bridge is being built over the Yangtze River.
长江上正在修建另一座大桥。Period Three │ 语法归纳2. 否定式：主语＋be＋not＋being＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他．如：
Even though your application is not being checked now, the manager will take it into consideration soon.
即使你的申请现在不被审查，但是经理会很快考虑它的。
3. 一般疑问式：Be＋主语＋being＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他？如：
Is the life of pandas being studied by the scientists?
科学家们正在研究熊猫的生活习惯吗？Period Three │语法归纳
4. 特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋be＋主语＋being＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他？如：
Where is the new science lab being built?
新的实验室正在哪里建造？
三、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1．表示此时此刻正在进行的被动的动作。如：
The baby is being taken good care of.
婴儿正在被悉心照料着。Period Three │语法归纳2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动的动作。如：
The environment here is being polluted so badly that all the people can't stand it.这儿的环境被污染得如此严重以至于所有的人都感到难以忍受。
3．表示反复进行的被动的动作。
always，frequently，constantly等和现在进行时的被动语态连用表示反复进行的被动的动作，这种动词形式常用来表示赞扬或厌恶的感彩。如：
I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is frequently being broken.
我感到很吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。Period Three │语法归纳4．“be＋under/in…＋n.” 可表示现在进行时的被动意义。常用的这种结构有：
be under attack＝be being attacked 正在被攻击
be under consideration＝be being considered 正在被考虑
be under construction＝be being constructed 正在被建设
be under discussion＝be being discussed 正在被讨论
be under protection＝be being protected 正在被保护
be under repair＝be being repaired 正在被修理
The problem is under discussion at the meeting.
＝The problem is being discussed at the meeting.
这个问题正在会议上讨论。Period Three │语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ. 把下面的句子变成被动语态(每空一词)
1．They are carrying out an interesting experiment.
→An interesting experiment ____ ________ _______ _____by them.
2．My father is painting our new house.
→Our new house ______ ________ ________ by my father.
3．Their aunts are taking care of them.
→They ______ _________ ________ _______ _______by their aunts.Period Three │语法归纳
is being carried outis being paintedare being taken care of4．One of the best students is writing the report.
→The report ________ ________ ________ by one of the best students.
5．His mother is preparing a wonderful dinner for the guests.
→A wonderful dinner ________ ________ ________ for the guests by his mother.Period Three │语法归纳
is being writtenis being preparedⅡ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ______________(rebuild).
2. —Why don't we choose that road to save time?
—The bridge to it_____________________________ (repair)．
3．Would you please keep silent? The weather report _________________ (broadcast) and I want to listen to it.Period Three │语法归纳
is being rebuiltis being repaired/is under repairis being broadcast4．—What's that noise?
—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______________(test)．
5. —I don't suppose the police know who did it.
—Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _____________________ (question) now.Period Three │语法归纳is being testedis being questioned Period Four WritingPeriod Four 掌握英语五大基本句型，熟悉句子的基本结构(四)
? 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
该句型中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。
【例句】
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己订购了一件新连衣裙。
2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。Period Four │基础写作知识3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。
4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。
5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片。
6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他公交车晚点了。
8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他向我展示如何操作机器。Period Four │基础写作知识【及时演练】
根据句意完成句子，注意句型特点
1．格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们做一场报告。
Mr Green will give______________ on how to learn English well.
2．幸运的是， 她答应了给我重新面试一次的机会。
Fortunately, she promised __________________to interview.
3．我们应该给予他们足够的尊重。
We should give___________________．Period Four │基础写作知识us a speechme another chancethem enough respect4．同时，父母给孩子的保护太多了。
At the same time, parents are giving ______________________________________．
5．今天早上，我们的老师在班上告诉了我们有关希望工程的事情。
This morning our teacher _________________about the Hope Project in class.Period Four │基础写作知识 their children too much protectiontold us something 如何写建议信
【写作点拨】
建议信是作者就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议。一般来说，建议信的正文分为三部分：开头、主体和结尾。其基本结构如下：
Beginning：state your idea.
Paragraphs 2 and 3：reasons and evidence.
Summing up：restate your opinion.Period Four │单元话题写作 开头一般开门见山，向对方陈述自己的观点。主体则是对所提出的问题进行分析并说明理由，接着分条提出自己的建议。结尾则是对开头的呼应，重申观点，提出自己的建议及希望被采纳的想法，但同时也应礼貌谦虚，不用命令的口气。
书信格式同正式书信要求。
【词句模板】
1．开头常用套语：
I am writing to express my views concerning…
Recently we have made a survey that…
Many people are worried about…
2．表达建议的常用套语：
I would like to suggest that…Period Four │单元话题写作You may consider doing…
It would seem to me that you could…
We intend to…to help/save/protect…
We feel like doing…to teach the illegal hunters a lesson…
We'd like to…to punish those who do harm to wildlife.
3．结尾常用套语：
We need your support to make more and more people…
Would you please help us to…by…？
We'll appreciate it if you can…
I hope that I can get help from…Period Four │单元话题写作【活学活用】
Doctor Chen收到侄子陈坤的信，信中提到学校最近有不少同学得了红眼病。假如你是Doctor Chen, 请你给你的侄子回一封信，提出预防红眼病的建议。
内容要点如下：
1．小心谨慎，但不必恐慌；
2．尽量少去公共场所；
3．养成良好的个人卫生习惯，如勤洗手，不揉眼。Period Four │单元话题写作要求：
1．词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．必须包括全部要点，语句通顺，书写规范；
3．至少补充两点建议；
4．文中不能透露个人的真实信息。
参考词汇：红眼病the pink eyes 揉眼rub one's eye 毛巾towel 脸盆washbasin 被感染的infected
注意：参考词汇不要求在文章中全部使用。Period Four │单元话题写作Dear Chen Kun，
I am delighted to receive your letter asking me how to prevent ourselves from the pink eyes. _________________
___________________________________________________ Period Four │单元话题写作Period Four │单元话题写作One possible version：
Dear Chen Kun，
I am delighted to receive your letter asking me how to prevent ourselves from the pink eyes. I'm writing to put forward some constructive proposals.
First of all, faced with the disease, we are supposed to be cautious but do not be scared. It's a good idea for us to avoid going to the public places if possible, which makes it less likely to expose ourselves to the disease. Besides, what we'd better do is keep healthy living habits, includingPeriod Four │单元话题写作washing our hands frequently as well as not rubbing our eyes with the hands. What's more, in no sense/in no case will we share the items such as the towel or the washbasin with the infected person. More importantly, we do remember to keep the air fresh by opening the window often, especially when we are in the classroom.
I would be more than happy if my suggestions are taken into consideration and sincerely hope that they will assist you in preventing the disease.
Yours，
Uncle Chen 单元总结提升 单元总结提升 1．________ vi.& vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少
2．________ n．损失；遗失；丧失
3．________ n．保护区
4．________ vt.& vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻
5．________ vi.回答；响应；做出反应
6．________ n. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物
7．________ vt.包含；容纳；容忍
8．________ vt.影响；感动；侵袭
9．________ n．保护→_________ v．保护单元总结提升│单元知识回眸decreaselosshuntrespondreliefreservecontainaffectprotectionprotect? 重点单词10．________ adj.远的；远处的→________ adv.遥远地→________ n．距离
11．________ n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→________ adj.仁慈的，温和的
12．__________ n．重要(性)→___________ adj.重要的
13．________ adj.强大的；有力的→________ n．力量，能力
14．________ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→______________ n．欣赏；感激
15．________ vi.成功 vt.接替；继任→________ n．成功→__________ adj.成功的→ ______________adv.成功地单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸distantdistantlydistancemercymercifulimportanceimportantpowerfulpowerappreciationappreciatesucceedsuccesssuccessfulsuccessfully16．________ adj.安全的；可靠的→________ adv.安全地；可靠地→________ n．安全
17．________ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→___________ n．雇用，职业→________ n．雇主→________ n．雇员
18．________ n．& vt.损害；危害→________ adj.有害的→________ adj.无害的
19．________ vt.& vi.(bit, bitten)咬；叮；刺痛
20．________ n．恐龙
21．________ vt.检查；视察单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸securesecurelysecurityemployemploymentemployerharmemployee harmfulharmlessbitedinosaurinspect22．________ n．事件；事变
23．________ adj.凶猛的；猛烈的→________ adv.凶猛地；猛烈地
24．________ n．尘土→________ adj.满是灰尘的
25．________ v．结束→________ n．结局，结尾单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸incidentfiercefiercelydustdustyendending
1．____________________ 灭亡；逐渐消失
2．____________________ 和平地；和睦地；安详地
3．____________________ 在危险中；垂危
4．____________________ 如释重负；松了口气
5．____________________ 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来
6．____________________ 保护……不受……(危害)
7．____________________ 注意
8．____________________关心……
单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸 die outin peacein danger (of)in reliefburst into laughterprotect…frompay attention to? 重点短语be concerned about
9．______________________对……做出反应或回答；对……有
某种反应
10．______________________形成；产生
11．_______________________按照；根据……所说 12．______________________残忍地， 毫不留情地
13．______________________以至于；结果
14．_______________________ 对……有危害 15．______________________从事于；受雇于
16．_______________________ 确信 单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸respond tocome into beingaccording towithout mercyso thatdo harm tobe employed infor sure
1．This is ________ wildlife protection is all about.
这就是野生动植物保护所要做的一切。
2．Please take me to a distant land ________________________ that gave fur to make this sweater.
请把我带到遥远的国度，在那里我能找到为制作这件毛衣提供皮毛的那种动物。
3．The flying carpet travelled ____________ next minute they were in Zimbabwe.
飞毯飞得很快，一转眼他们就飞到了津巴布韦。单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸whatwhere I can find the animalso fast that? 重点句式4．It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help ______________________．
这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。
5．After a while she saw some zebra _______________________________ beneath their stomachs.
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有从上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸as the WWF suggestswith black and white lines going6．They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, __________________________________and their future seemed secure at that time.
千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，它们的未来在那时看来很安全。
7．When scientists inspected the bones, they _______________________that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.
当科学家们观察它们的骨头时，他们惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸long before humans came into beingwere surprised to find
8．They learned this from the way _______________________________．
他们是从恐龙骨骼的连接方式得知这一点的。单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸the bones were joined together现在进行时的被动语态 单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸如何写建议信
? 单元语法? 单元写作导读：澳大利亚菲利普岛上的企鹅换上了一身毛衣。这些毛衣可不是为了好看，而是为了帮助企鹅们阻挡石油污染物的侵害。
Penguins' new look单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读 They survive in some of the coldest environments in the world—but even penguins appreciate a warm woolly jumper once in a while. The mini-knitted garments have helped save hundreds of flightless birds caught in oil spills, providing protection from the elements and stopping them from ingesting poisonous pollution.
Knits for Nature, a programme run by the Penguin Foundation, which conserves the little penguin population of Phillip Island, 140km south-east of Melbourne, has created up to 300 different designs over the years—and it's all thanks to talented volunteers.单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读 “There's a lot of hidden creativity out there，” said Lyn Blom, a staff member of the Phillip Island Nature Park. “People love to know that they're helping the penguins because they're so cute and small and they waddle up the beach and they're so feisty. But they need to be, after all they live in a pretty tough sort of environment.”
①A thumbnail-sized patch of oil can kill little penguins, the smallest of the species, measuring just 13 inches (33cm)and weighing 2.2lbs (1kg). The oil separates and mats their feathers, breaking natural waterproofing and heating functions.单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读 ②Ms Blom estimates she has knitted between 200 and 300 penguin jumpers over the years, including ones in the colours of every Australian Rules football team in the country. A staff member read an article in an English women's magazine about knitting for guillemot birds and decided to adapt the designs. “There are an awful lot of ladies out there who used to knit for their children and grandchildren. These ladies have spare wool and idle hands, and they love to feel loved and needed and we love and need them，” said Ms Blom.单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读 The Penguin Foundation recently staged a competition for the most creative jumper, which received an enthusiastic response. The Penguin Foundation rescues approximately 20 birds a year. ③They even have a stockpile of jumpers in case of emergency—such as the large oil spill near Phillip Island in 2001.In that instance, 453 little penguins were affected, 96 per cent of which were saved—most thanks to the jumpers.单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读【典句赏析】
①A thumbnail-sized patch of oil can kill little penguins, the smallest of the species, measuring just 13 inches (33cm)and weighing 2.2lbs (1kg)．
句意：一摊指甲盖大小的石油就足以杀死大概13英寸(33厘米)长，2.2磅(1千克)重的小企鹅，这是最小的企鹅。
赏析：“measuring just 13 inches (33cm)and weighing 2.2lbs (1kg)”为动名词短语作状语。又如：The Golden Gate Bridge, measuring 1，280 metres across the water, has been called one of the world's most beautiful bridges. 金门大桥，水域上的跨度为1280米，被认为是世界最漂亮的桥梁之一。单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读②Ms Blom estimates she has knitted between 200 and 300 penguin jumpers over the years…
句意：这些年来，布卢姆女士估计她已经织了两百到三百件企鹅毛衣。
赏析：over the years意为“这么多年来，经过这么多年之后”，指的是一种从几年前持续到现在的情况，因此通常与现在完成时连用。又如：Women's social status hasn't changed much over the years. 这些年来女性的社会地位没有多大改变。单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读③They even have a stockpile of jumpers in case of emergency—such as the large oil spill near Phillip Island in 2001.
句意：他们甚至还有毛衣储备以应对紧急情况，比如2001年菲利普岛附近的大规模石油泄漏事件。
赏析：in case of意为“假设， 万一”，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。又如：The hospital has an auxiliary power system in case of blackout. 这家医院装有备用发电系统以防断电。单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．I appreciated ________(give) the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.
2．Computers will already have become more handy and also________ (power) than the human brain.
3．Nathalie suggested the problem worth paying attention to ________ (discuss) at the meeting.
4．The problem to be discussed at the meeting next week is of great________ (important)．
5．Some steps have been taken to protect the forest from ________ (destroy)．
6．The United Nations reports the number of violent attacks against foreigners ________(decrease)in the past few days.
7．As you know，we should pay special attention to ________(protect) these young trees from being damaged.
8．I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
9．In the past three months the area in the north of the country ________(affect) by the coldness.
10．It is certain________ he will hand over his business to his son when he gets old.
Ⅱ.短语填空
in danger; protect…from; succeed in; without mercy; die out; in peace; in relief; burst into laughter; pay attention to; respond to
1．When she was told her son's illness could be cured，she left the hospital ________．
2．She did not ________a request for comment on Wednesday.
3．How many times should I tell you that you need to ________ your writing?
4．Because of the destruction of forest, many species are ________.
5．A greenhouse is a glass building in which you grow plants that need to ________bad weather.
6．This kind of bird is rarely seen in the area because they are being hunted ________ by people.
7．But for the workers' help, we should not have ________this experiment.
8．We hope the new century will be a century in which people of all nations live ________．
9．If human continued to exploit natural resources with no thought for the future, the later generations would be________.
10．Upon hearing the funny story, everybody________．
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Now more attention ________ the second generation of stars and rich people, but in fact the second generation of migrant workers needs more attention.(pay)
现在关注“星二代”、“富二代”的更多，但是事实上“流动工人二代”更需要人们关注。
2．Whenever I think of this joke, I cannot but________．(burst)
无论何时我想到这个笑话时，我都忍不住哄然大笑。
3．Now, we are put into a position ________．Therefore laws for the protection of animals are so necessary.(die)
现在我们处于一种许多动物正在灭绝的境地。因此保护动物的法律是相当有必要的。
4．Measures should be taken to prevent people________ by the serious haze.(affect)
应采取措施防止人们受严重雾霾的影响。
5．China's labour supply will continue to rise，despite the fact that the working-age population________．(decrease)
中国的劳动力供给将继续增长，尽管处于工作年龄段的人口在减少。
6．I really appreciate ________ such a good opportunity.I won't let you down.(give)
我十分感激给我这么好的机会。我不会让你失望的。
7．To my relief, these rare trees ________being cut down.(protect)
让我欣慰的是，这些稀有的树木正在受到保护不被砍伐。
8．The important thing is ensuring school is a place ________who they are and what they can do.(discover)
重要的是确保学校是一个学生可以去发掘他们自己，寻找到他们可以做什么的地方。
9．Just ________， “Education is not filling of a pail, but lighting of a fire.”(say)
正如Yeats所说，“教育不是把一桶水装满，而是把一把火点燃。”
10．The door slowly opened.Standing in the doorway was an elderly lady, ________．(look)
门慢慢开了，站在门后的是一位看起来非常哀伤的年长妇人。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
When did you last see a polar bear? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole Polar Bear Club.These “polar bears” are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water.That day, the air temperature was 3℃， and the water temperature was a bit higher.The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60.Members must satisfy two requirements.First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group.This is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club.They must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.
Doctors do not agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming.Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body's temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops.Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.
The “polar bears” themselves are satisfied with the benefits (or advantages) of cold-water swimming.They say that their favourite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system(循环系统) because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm.Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water.A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and should not try cold-water swimming.
The main benefits (or advantages) of cold-water swimming are probably mental.The “polar bears” love to swim year-round; they find it fun and relaxing.As one 70-year-old woman says，“When I go into the water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away.”
1．The members of the Polar Bear Club need to meet the following requirements except that ________．
A．they must reach the age of 60
B．they should be easy to make friends with
C．they must swim outdoors at least 8 times in the four cold months
D．they must agree to swim outdoors from November through February
2．Doctors ________．
A．encourage people to take part in cold-water swimming actively
B．point out the possible danger of blood illness during cold-water swimming
C．believe swimming is helpful both in winter and in summer
D．have different ideas about the medical effects of cold-water swimming
3．The “polar bears” like to swim all the year round, for ________.
A．they can remain young
B．it is an easy way to keep the body warm in winter
C．they find it enjoyable and interesting
D．they might meet fewer troubles in life
4．The passage is mainly about ________．
A．a group of cold-water swimming lovers
B．the polar bears' life
C．doctors' ideas about cold-water swimming
D．the requirements of the Polar Bear Club
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A: How is it going, Amy?
B: Everything is OK! My maths 1.________ (improve) a lot and I got a good mark in the last exam.Mr Smith praised 2.________ before all my classmates.
A: Good news.What are you doing these days?
B: I'm reading 3.________ passage about Michelle Obama, the US first lady.
A：How is she?
B: I think she is successful, hard-working and 4.________ (energy)．She gave her husband a lot of help in election.
A: I think 5.________．Have you heard that she visited China in March?
B：Yes.
A: 6.________ did you get the news?
B: I got it on the Internet.And she made a speech at Peking University. 7.________ the way, you looked so tired.What did you do last night?
A: I just stayed at home, 8.________ (watch) the 2014 World Cup until the early morning.
B: Sounds great.Who is your favourite football player?
A: I like Messi best, one of the most popular football 9.________ (play) in the world.
B: He is really 10.________ (amaze)! What a pity! I missed last night's matches.
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．It suddenly rained when the mayor ________(inspect) our new school last week.
2．The boy was sent to a hospital because he ________(bite) by a dog.
3．His books never fail to attract the readers with those surprising ________(end)．
4．A new law that protects the disabled people's right has been passed so that they can ride buses ________ free.
5．We recommend that you keep your seat belt ________(secure) fastened and visible at all times.
6．A growing number of fresh graduates find that ________(employ) by a big company is increasingly difficult.
7．Joe, don't give up now; you're improving all the time.It won't be long ________ you can speak English well.
8．According to the researchers, passive smokers ________(harm) even more than the smokers themselves.
9．She could find no reasonable explanation for the ________(disappear) of the money in the locked safe.
10．He was becoming angry, and was staring ________(fierce) at me as if he was about to lose control.
Ⅱ.短语填空
come into being；according to; so that; do harm to; be employed in; long before; a number of; come after; for sure; die out
1．Just as the brightness will ________the darkness, the end of the hard way is sure to be happy forever.
2．I'm afraid you must get out of the habit, for it'll ________your health.
3．Some reports said he had left the camp only a couple of hours earlier, but we never knew ________．
4．The company has a free long-distance telephone number ________consumers can call with any questions they have about the products.
5．The examination was coming and the school students ______preparing their lessons.
6．When the expression first ________， people refused to use it but gradually they began to accept it.
7．Don't be so upset.It won't be ________your children can return to school again.
8．________ the weather forecast, there will be a heavy rain tomorrow morning.
9．In recent years, ________wild animals have been found in the forest.
10．If too many of these rare animals are killed, their kind will________．
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The middle school students should learn how to protect themselves ________unexpectedly.(harm)
中学生应学会如何保护自己免遭意外伤害。
2．He was very excited, and it was long________．(calm)
他很激动，心情久久不能平静。
3．The lady is looking after the children ________in the factory during the daytime.(employ)
这位女士正在照看孩子，这些孩子的父母们白天在工厂里工作。
4．Lucy was having a holiday with her friends in a national park________ on the foot by a snake.(bite)
露西正和朋友在一个国家公园度假，这时她的脚被蛇咬了。
5．When you enter or leave a country, the customs office is ________．(inspect)
当你进入或离开一个国家时，海关检查处是检查你的行李的地方。
6．We don't know when the river here ________．(come)
我们不知道这儿的这条河是何时形成的。
7．Society tends to look at a woman by the way________， whether that is appropriate or not.(look)
不管这么说是否合适，这个社会对女人总是以貌取人。
8．He ________ for fun，but now he has no time to do so.(used)
过去他经常去钓鱼玩，但是现在没时间这样做了。
9．Everyone lent a hand, ________ahead of schedule.(so)
每个人都帮了忙， 所以工作提前完成了。
10．School children spend too much time on video games, ________their eyes and affect their school achievements.(harm)
上学的孩子花太多的时间玩电子游戏，既伤害眼睛也影响了学习成绩。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Elephants are able to differentiate between ethnicities(种族) and sexes, and can tell an adult from a child—all from the sound of a human voice.
This is according to a study in which researchers played voice recordings to wild African elephants.
The animals showed more fear when they heard the voices of adult Masai men.
Livestock-herding Masai people do come into conflict with elephants, and this suggests that animals have adapted to specifically listen for and avoid them.
The study is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Prof. Karen McComb and Dr Graeme Shannon from the University of Sussex led the study.They explained that in previous research they had used similar playback experiments to show that elephants could tell—from the sound of a lion's roar—whether the animal was a female or a more dangerous male.
Prof. McComb wanted to find out if the animals used their very sharp sense of hearing to identify a potential danger from humans.
The scientists recorded Masai men, women and children saying, in their own language, “Look, look over there, a group of elephants are coming.”
They also recorded Kamba men saying this phrase.
While cattle-herding Masai people often come across free-ranging elephants, which can result in violent conflict, the Kamba people's more agricultural lifestyle does not generally bring them into aggressive touch with the animals.
When the team played recordings of these different voices through a hidden loudspeaker, they found that elephant family groups reacted more fearfully in response to the voice of a Masai man, than to a Kamba man's voice.
And the adult male Masai voices encouraged far more of these defensive reactions than the voices of women or boys.
1．An elephant can tell a man from a woman by sense of ________.
A．touch B．sight
C．smell D．hearing
2．How did the researchers get to know the elephants' special ability of identification?
A．By observing the elephants in the zoo.
B．By playing voice recordings to them.
C．By recording the behaviours of elephants.
D．By communicating with them in a special way.
3．We can learn from the passage that elephants are especially afraid of ________．
A．Masai men B．Masai women
C．Kamba men D．Kamba women
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Elephants and human beings
B．Differences between human voices
C．Elephants recognize human voices
D．Elephants conflict with human beings
Ⅴ.阅读填空
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth.There are hundreds of kinds of sharks.Most are about two metres long.The dogfish shark, however, is less than twenty centimetres in length.A shark has an extremely good sense of smell.It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. __1__ Sharks eat fish, other sharks, and plants that live in the ocean.
Sharks grow slowly.About forty per cent of all sharks lay eggs. __2__ Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies as humans do.Some sharks are not able to reproduce until they are twenty years old.Most reproduce only every two years.And they give birth to fewer than ten young sharks.For this reason, overfishing of sharks is of special danger to the future of the animal.
Sharks are important for the world's oceans.They eat injured and diseased fish.Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great. __3__
People hunt sharks for sport, food, medicine and their skin.Experts say the international market for some kinds of sharks has increased because many parts of a shark are valuable.
Collectors pay thousands of dollars for the jaws of a shark. __4__ The skin of a shark can be used like leather.
In Asia, people enjoy a kind of soup made from shark fins.Experts say a fisherman can earn a lot of money for even one kilogram of shark fins.Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth, but some sharks are in danger of disappearing from Earth. __5__
A．Shark liver oil is a popular source of Vitamin A.
B．This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.
C．Sharks are valuable to us and we can make full use of them.
D．These powerful senses help sharks find their food.
E．If too many sharks in one area are killed, that group of sharks may never return to normal population levels.
F．They are a threat to other forms of life in the ocean.
G．The others give birth to live young.
Period Three Grammar
Ⅰ.把下面的句子改成被动语态(每空一词)
1．The government is making great efforts to improve the living conditions of the people.
→Great efforts ________ ________ ________to improve the living conditions of the people by the government.
2．The farmers are cutting down the jungles in this area so quickly that the wild animals may lose their homes in the near future.
→The jungles in this area ________ ________ ________ ________by the farmers so quickly that the wild animals may lose their homes in the near future.
3．People are hunting too many animals these years in some places.
→Too many animals ________ ________ ________by people these years in some places.
4．The teacher is correcting the papers in her office.
→The papers ________ ________ ________by the teacher in her office.
5．Our headmaster is preparing a speech now.
→A speech ________ ________ ________by our headmaster now.
6．The family are building a new house over there.
→A new house ________ ________ ________by the family over there.
7．The doctors are operating on his left leg.
→His left leg ________ ________ ________________by the doctors.
8．We are sending helicopters to rescue them now.
→Helicopters ________ ________ ________by us to rescue them now.
9．They are discussing whether they will go for a picnic tomorrow.
→Whether they will go for a picnic tomorrow ________ ________ ________by them.
10．Lucy is carrying a heavy box full of books.
→A heavy box full of books ________ ________ ________by Lucy.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．—Excuse me, what time is it now?
—Sorry, my watch doesn't work.It________(repair) at the shop.
2．—Are they about to have dinner?
—Yes, it________(serve) in the dining room.
3．Can't you see your problem________(discuss)? Have some patience, please.
4．—Do you know what Lily is doing?
—She may________(interview) in the office.
5．—By the way, have you moved into the new house?
—Not yet.The walls________(paint)．
6．The church tower which ________(restore) will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.
7．The new generation of computers, with artificial intelligence, ________(develop) and perfected now.
8．—Flight 221________(announce)．I'd better be on my way.Goodbye!
—Bye.Happy landing!
9．—Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
—Yes, I have.I guess it________(grade) now.
10．You can't use the machine today because some parts________(replace) this week.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．A plan about building a new attraction in this town ________now.(carry)
在这个镇建一个新的旅游景点的计划现在正在实施。
2．Since the roof ________，they haven't moved back to their house.(repair)
因为屋顶正在修理中，他们还没有搬回他们家。
3．If the rainforests ________at such a rapid speed, they will disappear from the earth in the future.(destroy)
如果(热带)雨林以这样快的速度被破坏，将来它们将会从地球上消失。
4．Although the practical cure for cancer ________，we have practical ways to prevent it.(study)
尽管治疗癌症的切实可行的方法仍在研究中，但是我们还是拥有实际的方法去预防它。
5．Since the plan ________，the workers will have to wait for a while.(discussion)
既然这项计划仍在讨论中，工人们只好再等一段时间。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today, he thought __1__．It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle(奇迹)．
This farmhouse had been __2__too long.It needed a family.Zigfried's __3__ made a noise.He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.He jumped from the windowsill(窗沿), took a __4__ from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike's.
Farmer Mike's house had been a great place for the little mouse __5__ the farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfried trembled __6__ he thought of it.He looked around carefully as he __7__ into the room where grain was stored and was quite __8__ as he filled his bag with wheat.He was turning to leave when suddenly he __9__ a hot breath about his ear.His heart beat __10__， and without thinking, he started to run and luckily __11__ the cat's paws(爪子)．
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a __12__ family would be moving into the farmhouse soon.Zigfried's granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to __13__ with him.He hoped that the family would come before his granny came.Before long, a car came __14__ the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.
Zigfried's Christmas miracle did arrive!
The house came __15__ the next few days.Zigfried __16__ every single hour of them. __17__， the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a __18__ smile at the door of his home, he heard the __19__ of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas.What? A cat? The __20__ froze on his face; his mouth fell wide open.After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this？”
1．A.carefully B．excitedly
C．hopefully D．proudly
2．A.shabby B．noisy
C．messy D．empty
3．A.mouth B．nose
C．stomach D．throat
4．A.bag B．stick
C．bowl D．coat
5．A.although B．until
C．after D．unless
6．A.if B．because
C．when D．unless
7．A.broke B．marched
C．paced D．stole
8．A.curious B．nervous
C．pitiful D．illegal
9．A.took B．held
C．felt D．drew
10．A.strongly B．likely
C．slowly D．wildly
11．A.escaped B．seized
C．rubbed D．caught
12．A.close B．happy
C．new D．young
13．A.celebrate B．communicate
C．compete D．control
14．A.across B．from
C．off D．up
15．A.alive B．loose
C．open D．still
16．A.counted B．enjoyed
C．missed D．wasted
17．A.However B．Instead
C．Moreover D．Therefore
18．A.bitter B．forced
C．polite D．satisfied
19．A.introduction B．discussion
C．comment D．debate
20．A.blood B．smile
C．tears D．sweat
Ⅴ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。
This year, I go to Dalian with my family by air.Dalian is a very beautiful and modern city.On the bus, we could see much great buildings.We got the hotel where we stayed on a morning.After the breakfast, we began our travel.First, we took the bus to the Sea Park.There were such many different kinds of fishes that I couldn't believe my eye.Then we saw the dolphin show.After lunch we went swimming.The sea was blue but the beach was golden.We both enjoyed ourselves.Later we went to some other places where were also interesting and famous in Dalian.Several days later, we left Dalian.On our way home, all of us were very happy.That was the reason why we didn't feel tiring.
Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.基础写作专练：翻译下列句子，注意句型结构特点
1．莉莉递给了她妹妹一件新连衣裙。
________________________________________________________________________
2．他给她做了一顿可口的饭。
________________________________________________________________________
3．她给她的丈夫买了一只新手表。
________________________________________________________________________
4．他给你带来了一本词典。
________________________________________________________________________
5．我什么都没告诉她。
________________________________________________________________________
6．我把我的画给了他。
________________________________________________________________________
7．我帮了他一个忙。
________________________________________________________________________
8．他给我演示了如何操作这台机器。
________________________________________________________________________
9．John送给Mary了一些花儿。
________________________________________________________________________
10．她给了我她的电话号码。
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
You probably know that frogs hop(双足跳 )．But did you know that there's a small frog in the Pacific Northwest that bellyflops(肚子先着水)? It's called a tailed frog.
Dr Rick Essner, who has been studying tailed frogs for the past few years, says, “ I've looked at thousands of jumps and have never seen them land on their feet like other frogs.” Most of the time, tailed frogs land on their stomachs and then bring their back legs in to prepare for another jump.
Essner first noticed these frogs because of the way they swim.Other frogs kick both of their back legs at the same time.But when a tailed frog swims, it pushes first with one leg and then the other.
To try to find out why tailed frogs bellyflop, Essner and other scientists collected and filmed different kinds of frogs.They found that all of the frogs start their jumps the same way: they hold out their legs.The change comes in the landing.Tailed frogs can't move their back legs as quickly as other frogs do.Maybe they don't need to.Tailed frogs live around water and quickly jump into the water to escape danger.
Early frogs developed around watery areas and could jump quickly into the water to escape danger.Scientists think those frogs blended in with (与……融合在一起) the green plants on the side of the rocky rivers, just like today's tailed frogs.“Ι would guess that other animals would have problems detecting them, ” explains Essner.When other animals find those early frogs, the frogs could jump into the river.They didn't need to continue hopping.
Tailed frogs and other kinds of frogs went their own ways about 200 million years ago.Tailed frogs stayed by rivers.Other kinds of frogs moved to places where new hopping skills allowed them to survive.
1．What's special about the detailed frog?
A．It has a long tail.
B．It jumps on one foot.
C．It stars its jump differently.
D．It lands differently from other frogs.
2．Why do tailed frogs bellyflop?
A．They have never left the water to live.
B．They have trouble in holding out their legs.
C．Their back legs can't catch up while jumping.
D．Their front legs develop better than the back ones.
3．The underlined word “detecting” in Paragraph 5 means “________”．
A．eating B．killing
C．using D．discovering
4．When they are in danger, the tailed frogs would ________．
A．jump into the water for protection
B．hop around quickly
C．hide in the green plants near the river
D．jump into the rocks
B
King's College Winter School is an annual(每年的) training programme for all the high school students who want to improve their English.Courses are given by the teachers of King's College and other colleges in New York.Trips to museums and culture centres are also organized.This year's winter school will be from November 1 to December 15.More information is as follows：
Application(申请) date
Students in New York should send their applications before October 18, 2014.
Students of other cities should send their applications before October 16, 2014.
Foreign students should send their applications before October 10, 2014.
Courses
English Language
Spoken English：22 hours
Reading and Writing: 10 hours
American History: 16 hours
American Culture：16 hours
Steps
A letter of self-introduction
A letter of recommendation(推荐)
★ The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information.
Cost
Daily lesson：$200
Sports and activities:
$100
Travels: $200
Hotel service: $400
★ You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city.
Please write to: Thompson, Sanders
1026 King's Street
New York, NY 10016, USA
Email: KC-Winter-School@yahoo.com
1.You can most probably read the text in ________．
A．a newspaper B．a travel guide
C．a textbook D．a telephone book
2．Which of the following is TRUE about King's College Winter School?
A．Only top students can take part in the programme.
B．King's College Winter School is not organized every year.
C．Visits to museums and culture centres are part of the programme.
D．Only the teachers of King's College give courses.
3．If you are to live in your friend's home in New York, you will have to pay the school________．
A．$200 B．$400
C．$500 D．$900
4．What information can you get from the text?
A．The programme will last 2 months.
B．You can write to Thompson only in English.
C．As a Chinese student, you can send your application on October 14, 2014.
D．You can get in touch with the school by telephone or by email.
Ⅲ.书面表达
请根据下表的提示，写一篇题为“Living in the city”的文章，介绍一下城市生活的利和弊。
利
弊
找工作容易
生活消费高
交通便利
人口多，拥挤
有公园、饭店等休闲场所
空气污染严重，居住环境差
注意：1.不要逐词翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．词数100左右，开头已给出， 不计入总词数。
参考词汇：便利的convenient
Living in the city
Living in the city has both advantages and disadvantages.
参考答案
Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.1.having been given 2.more powerful 3.be discussed 4.importance 5.being destroyed 6.has decreased 7.protecting 8.it 9.has been affected 10.that
Ⅱ.1.in relief 2.respond to 3.pay attention to 4.dying out 5.be protected from 6.without mercy 7.succeeded in 8.in peace 9.in danger 10.burst into laughter
Ⅲ.1.is being paid to 2.burst into laughter
3．where/in which many animals are dying out
4．(from) being affected 5.is decreasing
6．being given/having been given 7.are being protected from
8．where students can discover 9.as Yeats says
10．looking/who looked very sad
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了一个由爱好冬泳的老年人所组成的北极熊俱乐部。其成员相信冬泳能促进身体血液循环，有益身体健康。虽然还没有科学的实验证明冬泳的医疗作用，但他们仍然保持对这份运动的热爱，坚持锻炼。
1．A 细节理解题。文中第一段提到北极熊俱乐部的成员必须满足下面两点要求：第一，必须和俱乐部里每位成员和睦相处；第二，必须在每年的11月到2月之间每个月至少进行两次户外游泳，即这四个月至少进行八次户外游泳。A错误，因为成员通常为60岁左右，并不是要求为60岁。所以答案为A项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据文中第二段第一句“Doctors do not agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming.”与“Other doctors，however, point out…”可知，医生们对冷水游泳的医疗效果还没有统一意见。故选D项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据文中第四段提到的“The ‘polar bears’ love to swim year-round; they find it fun and relaxing.”可知，北极熊俱乐部成员喜欢常年游泳，他们发现这样既有趣又很放松。故选C项。
4．A 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一个由爱好冬泳的老年人所组成的俱乐部，他们相信冬泳能促进身体血液循环，有益身体健康。故选A项。
Ⅴ.1.has improved 2.me 3.a 4.energetic 5.so
6．How 7.By 8.watching 9.players 10.amazing
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.1.was inspecting 2.was bitten 3.endings 4.for 5.securely
6．being employed 7.before 8.are (being) harmed 9.disappearance 10.fiercely
Ⅱ.1.come after 2.do harm to 3.for sure 4.so that 5.were employed in
6．came into being 7.long before 8.According to 9.a number of 10.die out
Ⅲ.1.from being harmed 2.before he calmed down
3．whose parents are employed 4.when she was bitten
5．where your luggage is inspected 6.came into being
7．(that/in which) she looks 8.used to go fishing
9．so that the work was finished 10.which will do harm to
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 一项研究表明，大象能根据人类说话的声音判断出人类是成年人还是小孩子，以及其性别。
1．D 细节理解题。从文中第一段“Elephants are able to differentiate between ethnicities(种族)and sexes，and can tell an adult from a child—all from the sound of a human voice.”可知大象通过听觉来判断是男人还是女人。故选D项。
2．B 细节理解题。从文中第二段“This is according to a study in which researchers played voice recordings to wild African elephants.”可知，研究者是通过给野生非洲象播放录音来发现其有这种能力的。故选B项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段“The animals showed more fear when they heard the voices of adult Masai men.”可知，当大象听到成年的Masai男人的声音时，它们就显得更加害怕。根据最后一段“And the adult male Masai voices encouraged far more of these defensive reactions than the voices of women or boys.”可知成年的Masai男人的声音比女人和男孩的声音会引发大象更多防御性的反应。故选A项。
4．C 主旨大意题。结合全文可知，研究表明大象可以根据人类说话的嗓音来判别是成年人还是小孩，是男性还是女性以及可能有的危险，这足以说明，大象能识别人类声音。故选C项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了地球上最古老的生物之一——鲨鱼以及鲨鱼现在所面临的危险情况。
1．D 根据前面一句“It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals.”可知鲨鱼灵敏的嗅觉可以使它们找到水里的如血、体液以及动物产生的化学物质。这样的能力让它们迅速找到食物。故D正确。
2．G 这两句是叙述鲨鱼的繁衍方式。根据前面一句“About forty per cent of all sharks lay eggs.”可知百分之四十的鲨鱼产卵，其余的鲨鱼直接生出小鲨鱼。故G正确。
3．B 根据前面一句“Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great.”可知鲨鱼可以保持海洋的生态平衡，不让某些生物的数量太大。这间接地保护了海洋里的其他生物。故B正确。
4．A 根据前后句“Collectors pay thousands of dollars for the jaws of a shark.”和“The skin of a shark can be used like leather.”可知本段是在叙述鲨鱼各部位的价值，选项里只有A项与这两句类似。故A正确。
5．E 根据前面一句“Sharks are among the oldest animals on Earth, but some sharks are in danger of disappearing from Earth.”可知某些鲨鱼已经面临着灭绝的危险。那么一旦大量的鲨鱼被捕杀，这种鲨鱼就很难恢复到正常的数量。故E项正确。
Period Three Grammar
Ⅰ.1.are being made 2.are being cut down 3.are being hunted 4.are being corrected 5.is being prepared 6.is being built 7.is being operated on
8．are being sent 9.is being discussed 10.is being carried
Ⅱ.1.is being repaired/is under repair 2.is being served
3．is being discussed/is under discussion 4.be being interviewed
5．are being painted 6.is being restored 7.are being developed
8．is being announced 9.is being graded 10.are being replaced
Ⅲ.1.is being carried out 2.is being repaired/is under repair
3．are being destroyed 4.is still being studied 5.is still under discussion
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只叫Zigfried的小老鼠希望在圣诞节期间能有奇迹发生。那么它所期待的奇迹有没有发生呢？
1．C 根据后文可知它是满怀希望地在想。carefully 小心地；excitedly兴奋地；hopefully 满怀希望地；proudly自豪地。
2．D 根据空格后的“It needed a family.”可知，这个农舍已经空了很长时间了，故用empty。shabby 破旧的，衣衫褴褛的；noisy 吵闹的；messy 混乱的；empty空的。
3．C 根据空格后的“…he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.”可知它应该饿了，这时自然是肚子里发出的声音。
4．A 根据下文的“…as he filled his bag with wheat.”可知它从家里拿了一个袋子。
5．B 句意：农民迈克的房子对小老鼠来说一直是一个好地方，直到这个农民娶了一个养猫的妻子。until一直到……。
6．C 根据空格前的a cat可知小老鼠一想到猫就吓得发抖。
7．D 根据空格前的carefully可知是Zigfried偷偷地溜进存放谷物的屋子。break强行(进入)；march前进，行军；pace踱步；steal偷偷地移动。
8．B 既然是来偷东西的，那么自然很紧张了。curious 好奇的；nervous 紧张的；pitiful 可怜的，令人同情的；illegal非法的。
9．C 根据下文的the cat's paws可知此处是感觉到了猫呼出的热气。
10．D 感觉到了猫的气息，小老鼠自然心跳加快。strongly强壮地，强烈地；likely可能地；slowly 慢慢地；wildly紊乱地，失控地。
11．A 空格前的luckily暗示小老鼠逃脱了猫的追捕。escape 逃跑；seize 抓住；rub 摩擦；catch抓住。
12．C 根据空格后的“…would be moving into the farmhouse…”可知这所农舍要来一个新的家庭了。
13．A 根据空格前的Christmas Eve可知小老鼠的奶奶要来和它一起过圣诞节。celebrate庆祝；communicate交流；compete竞争，比赛；control控制。
14．D come across偶然遇见，发现；come from 来自；come up走来，上前；come off成功，举行。
15．A 根据前文可知，新的家庭来了，整个农舍有了生气，热闹了起来。come alive 活跃起来，热闹起来。
16．B 句意：Zigfried尽情地享受着和新家庭在一起的每个小时。
17．A 根据空格后它听到孩子们在谈论圣诞节可能得到的礼物是猫可知，这与它的快乐的心情形成了强烈的对比，故用however。however 然而，却；instead 代替，而不是；moreover 此外，而且；therefore因此，所以。
18．D 根据空格前它喝着热乎乎的巧克力饮料可知，Zigfried对自己目前的生活感到很满意，因此它露出了满意的笑容。bitter痛苦的；forced 勉强的；polite 礼貌的；satisfied满意的。
19．B 句意：它听到了孩子们讨论圣诞节他们可能得到的东西。introduction 介绍，序言；discussion讨论；comment评论；debate争论，辩论。
20．B 根据上文的smile可知，当Zigfried听到孩子们得到的礼物可能是一只猫时，它的笑容僵在脸上。
Ⅴ.This year, I go to Dalian with my family by air.Dalian is a very beautiful and modern
went
city.On the bus, we could see much great buildings.We got ∧the hotel where we stayed on
many to
a morning.After the breakfast, we began our travel.First, we took the bus to the Sea Park.There were such many different kinds of fishes that I couldn't believe my eye.Then we saw the
so eyes
dolphin show.After lunch we went swimming.The sea was blue but the beach was golden.We
and
both enjoyed ourselves.Later we went to some other places where were also interesting and
all which/that
famous in Dalian.Several days later, we left Dalian.On our way home, all of us were very happy.That was the reason why we didn't feel tiring.
tired
Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.1.Lily passed her sister a new dress. 2.He cooked her a delicious meal.
3．She bought her husband a new watch. 4.He brought you a dictionary.
5．I told her nothing. 6.I gave him my pictures. 7.I gave him a hand.
8．He showed me how to run the machine. 9.John sent Mary some flowers.
10．She gave me her telephone number.
Ⅱ.A
【文章大意】 本文主要讲一种青蛙，它们着陆是肚子先落水；一位科学家Essner注意到这种青蛙，然后科学家们搜集并拍摄不同的青蛙，研究它们是怎样生存的，以及为什么有这样一种特性。
1．D 细节理解题。由第一段的最后两句话“But did you know that there's a small frog in the Pacific Northwest that bellyflops(肚子先着水)? It's called a tailed frog.”可知，它们与其他青蛙着陆的方式不一样。故选D项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第三句“Tailed frogs can't move their back legs as quickly as other frogs do.”可知，tailed frogs的后腿不能像其他青蛙一样移动地那么快。故选C项。
3．D 词义猜测题。根据前面的信息可知，tailed frogs和周围的植物融为了一体，所以其他的动物不会很容易发现它们。因此detect的意思为“发现”。故选D项。
4．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Early frogs developed around watery areas and could jump quickly into the water to escape danger.”可知，早期的青蛙是在水域生长，而且可以快速地跳入水中逃生。故选A项。
B
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍国王学院冬季英语训练项目的主要情况。
1．A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍国王大学冬季英语训练项目的主要情况，包括申请日期、课程、费用等信息，最有可能出现在报纸上，故选A项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“Trips to museums and culture centres are also organized.”可知，该项目还会带领学生到博物馆和文化中心的参观，故选C项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据费用一栏，由于住在朋友家，不需要旅馆费，因此总费用包括课程、体育活动和旅行，共500美元，故选C项。
4．B 细节理解题，根据文章Steps一栏中“The letters should be written in English…”以及下文“Please write to: Thompson, Sanders…”可知，你只能用英语写信给Thompson，故选B项。
Ⅲ.One possible version：
Living in the city
Living_in_the_city_has_both_advantages_and_disadvantages.It is often easier to find work in the city.The traffic there is very convenient.Besides, there are a lot of interesting things to do and places to go.You can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, watch movies and go to parks whenever you want to relax.
However, the cost of living in the city is often very high.You have to find a well-paid job, or you will not be able to afford the things you want to buy.What's more, the city is always crowded, noisy and dirty.It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy both peace and fresh air as in the countryside.
单元小测(四)
Ⅰ.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．More than a hundred firemen are still trying ________ (contain) the fire at the plant.
2．I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not Mr Jones will be coming.
3．Due to the destruction of the environment, the number of the tigers ________ (decrease)．
4．The parents suggested ________ (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.
5．It is known to all that teenagers have a great ability to imitate(模仿), and thus becoming the most likely ________ (affect)．
6．While I admire his energy, I wish it ________ (employ) in a better cause.
7．Now various animals ________ (hunt) overly, and some of them are becoming extincted animals.
8．It is clear that the primary duty of parents is to provide ________ (protect) for their children.
9．I'm sorry to say that table ________(reserve)．What about the table near the window?
10．Those aircraft ________ (inspect) over the course of the next several days at five locations.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Last week I did something that scared me.I stood in front of nearly 200 financial planners and I talked to them about why financial blogs are a good thing.
I'm a confident writer.I've been doing this long enough that I know my strength and my limitations.I'm less confident as a speaker.I don't have time to pause to collect my thoughts.I'm not able to edit.I'm afraid of being trapped in a corner without being able to talk my way out.Basically, I'm scared to speak.
It would be easy to simply refuse the chances that come my way.When somebody asks me to speak in front of a group, I could say “no”．When radio and television stations call for an interview, I could say “no”．But for the past two years, I've been following my_own_policy to say “yes” to new chances.
To say “yes” is to live in fear.My goal is to continually improve myself to become better than I am today.One way to do that is to do the things that scare me, to take them on as challenges, and to learn from them—even if I fail.
In mid-November, a local station asked me to appear on live television.“I realize it's short notice, ” the producer wrote, “but we'd love to have you on the show if you're available tonight.” I was frightened.I thought about recent taped television interviews that I had hated.I was afraid of what might happen.
But I also thought about the things that had gone right.I thought of how my speaking skills had improved over the past year.And then I thought of the book I was reading, a book that I had bought for $1.29 at the local store.The Magic of Thinking Big was a huge bestseller during the 1960s.Written by Dr David Schwartz, a professor at Georgia State University, the book contains dozens of practical tips on how to take risks to achieve big goals.Schwartz argues that nobody will believe in you until you believe in yourself.
So when the television producer asked if I wanted to appear on his show, I thought big.“Sure, ” I said.“I'll do it.” I acted confidently, but on the inside I was frightened.What I needed was techniques to build up my confidence and to overcome my fear.
1．Why is the author afraid of speaking in public?
A．He is aware of his potential.
B．He has few chances to talk.
C．He is not able to edit what he says.
D．He likes writing better.
2．The underlined words “my own policy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “________”．
A．self-improving through challenges
B．hesitating before chances
C．turning down the invitations
D．saying yes to fear
3．The author mentioned the book The Magic of Thinking Big mainly because ________．
A．it was inspiring
B．it was a bestseller
C．its author was famous
D．its price was attractive
4．What is the author's purpose to write the passage?
A．To analyze his strength and weaknesses.
B．To give practical tips on speaking in public.
C．To persuade people to follow his example.
D．To share his experiences of overcoming fear.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Once an old villager was reading the Ramayana(罗摩传)while sitting in a railway station waiting for the train to come.
A young man with his __1__ was standing nearby and said to the old man, “You old fashioned people read only the Ramayana all the time.Don't you have any other book to __2__ ? What is so great in the Ramayana？”
The old man continued to read and smiled without any __3__ to the young man.Soon, the train __4__．Everyone, in a hurry, rushed in to get a seat.It __5__ that the old man and the young man were __6__ next to each other in the train.And the old man __7__ to read the Ramayana.
Suddenly the young man __8__ that his wife was missing! He shouted anxiously, “My wife! __9__ is she? I think she has been left behind on the platform！”
The old man said to him __10__， “If you had read the Ramayana, you would never have made this __11__．”
“What？” said the young man.
The old man __12__ ：“It is said in the Ramayana that when Ram Chandra, Sita and Lakshmana were standing on the __13__ of the Ganga(恒河) and the boatman came with the __14__， Ram Chandra asked Sita to get in the boat first and only after that did he __15__ the boat himself！”
“So why are you __16__ me what is good about the Ramayana when you do not even know how to __17__ your own wife and see that she gets onto the train first？”
“You see, the Ramayana tells you even this！”
True enough, any time you are __18__ and cannot decide what your duty is, just read the Ramayana and you will find the __19__ to all your doubts!
Treat with respect all the things held sacred(神圣的)to others, __20__ you understand these things or not.
1．A.wife B．son
C．friend D．mother
2．A.read B．see
C．hear D．write
3．A.key B．reply
C．attention D．feeling
4．A.reached B．arrived
C．got D．entered
5．A.turned on B．turned up
C．turned out D．turned off
6．A.visited B．divided
C．waken D．seated
7．A.continued B．decided
C．wanted D．refused
8．A.felt B．experienced
C．understood D．realized
9．A.How B．When
C．Where D．Why
10．A.luckily B．sadly
C．happily D．calmly
11．A.mistake B．plan
C．face D．progress
12．A.answered B．explained
C．introduced D．showed
13．A.middle B．bank
C．coast D．land
14．A.fish B．ropes
C．boat D．goods
15．A.get up B．get off
C．get down D．get in
16．A.advising B．asking
C．telling D．begging
17．A.take charge of B．take hold of
C．take care of D．take advantage of
18．A.confused B．surprised
C．satisfied D．delighted
19．A.reasons B．stories
C．answers D．aims
20．A.unless B．once
C．though D．whether
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever heard “Tuhao, let's be friends？” Are you puzzled, wondering 1.________ it means? Then you're possibly out of date.
Nowadays, the Chinese words “Tuhao” and “Dama” have become 2.________ familiar to many Chinese people that they often play jokes on each other when 3.________ (chat) about the daily life.For example, if you take out your new 4.________ (fashion) mobile phone, your naughty friends may call you “Tuhao”， laughing loudly and happily.
Amazingly, the two wildly popular words have become hot words in English too.Recently, the BBC 5.________ (produce) a programme to introduce “Tuhao”．On the Internet, “Tuhao” can be translated into “new money (暴发户)” in English.Besides, The Wall Street Journal has also borrowed “Dama” from the Chinese pinyin 6.________ (describe) bargain-hunting middle-aged Chinese women, calling 7.______ “a force in the global gold market”．Experts say the Chinese language's influence 8.________ English will continue during the entire 21st century, 9.________ it is expected that “Tuhao” will be welcomed by the Oxford University Press to appear in 10.________ new word lists.
参考答案
单元小测(四)
Ⅰ.1.to contain 2.it 3.is decreasing 4.sleeping 5.to be affected
6．were employed 7.are being hunted 8.protection 9.has been reserved
10．will be inspected
Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。本篇文章中作者告诉我们他是一个自信的作家，但是他害怕在公众面前讲话。作者试图改变这一现状，敢于接受挑战。在电视台邀请他做电视采访时，他起初害怕，后又鼓励自己克服恐惧心理接受电视采访。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段“I don't have time to pause to collect my thoughts.I'm not able to edit.I'm afraid of being trapped in a corner without being able to talk my way out.”的描述可知，作者害怕当众讲话的其中一个原因就是他不能编辑他说的话。选项A、B、D都与本句描述不符。故选C项。
2．A 词义猜测题。联系后半句“…to say‘yes’to new chances.”可以猜测my own policy指的是通过挑战以获得自我提升。故选A项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第六段的“And then I thought of the book I was reading…the book contains dozens of practical tips on how to take risks to achieve big goals.Schwartz argues that nobody will believe in you until you believe in yourself.”的描述可知，作者起先害怕电视采访，但后又想到了The Magic of Thinking Big这本书以及这本书给他的要敢于冒险以实现目标的建议，所以最终他接受了电视采访。由此可知作者提到The Magic of Thinking Big这本书主要是因为它是鼓舞人心的。故选A项。
4．D 主旨大意题。作者告诉我们他是一个自信的作家，但是他害怕在公众面前讲话。作者试图改变这一现状，敢于接受挑战。在电视台邀请他做电视采访时，他起初害怕，后又鼓励自己克服恐惧心理接受了电视采访。由此可知作者写这篇文章是想与我们分享他克服恐惧的体验。故选D项。
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 文章主要讲述了一个发生在火车上的故事。一位老人在看《罗摩传》，旁边的年轻人认为老人在看没有用的书。当男子发现妻子未能和他一起上车时，老人建议年轻人看一看《罗摩传》。在生活中，无论我们对他人正在做的事情是否了解，我们都应该尊重他们的选择。
1．A 根据第四段的“…that his wife was missing！”可知，年轻人是和妻子一起在候车，故选A项。
2．A 此处表示其他可以看的书，不定式作定语修饰book，故选A项。
3．B 根据“…continued to read and smiled…”可知，老人只是笑了笑又继续看书，并没有回答年轻人的问题，故选B项。
4．B 火车很快就到了。reach后需跟宾语，排除A；enter是及物动词，后需跟宾语，排除D；arrive到达。故选B项。
5．C 结果老人和那个年轻人的座位是挨着的，故选C项。turn on打开；turn up调高，出现；turn out结果是，证明是；turn off关闭。
6．D 老人和年轻人的座位是挨着的。be seated表示坐着的状态，故选D项。
7．A 在座位上坐下之后，老人继续看《罗摩传》。continue to do sth“继续做某事”，故选A项。
8．D 年轻人突然意识到(发现)妻子不见了，故选D项。feel感觉；experience经历；understand理解；realize意识到。
9．C 根据上句“…his wife was missing！”可知，年轻人的妻子不见了，年轻人是在找她，因此年轻人问的是“我的妻子在哪里”，故选C项。
10．D 老人心平气和地对年轻人说：“如果你看过《罗摩传》……”，其他三项与语境不符，故选D项。luckily幸运的是；sadly不幸地，遗憾的是；happily开心地；calmly冷静地，心平气和地。
11．A 老人说那个年轻人如果看过《罗摩传》的话，他就不会犯这个错误了。make a mistake“犯错误”，故选A项。
12．B 根据“‘What？’ said the young man.”可知，年轻人很不解地问老人，根据“‘It is said in the Ramayana that…’”可知，老人是在向年轻人解释，故选B项。
13．B 此处指在恒河岸边，故选B项。
14．C 根据“…‘Ram Chandra asked Sita to get in the boat’…”可知，船夫把船划了过来，Ram Chandra让Sita先上船，故选C项。
15．D 等Sita上了船之后，Ram Chandra才上船。get in the boat“登上船”，故选D项。
16．B 根据第二段“…‘Do you not have any other book to…’”可知，这里指的是年轻人在候车时问老人为什么一直在看《罗摩传》，故选B项。
17．C 男子不知道如何照顾妻子，因为他应该先让妻子上车，故选C项。
18．A 根据“cannot decide what your duty is”可知，前面说的是感到困惑时，故选A项。
19．C 看一看《罗摩传》，你就会找到所有疑问的答案，故选C项。
20．D 无论你是否理解，都应该尊重他人所做的事情。whether…or not“无论……”，故选D项。
Ⅳ.1.what 2.so 3.chatting 4.fashionable 5.has produced
6．to describe 7.them 8.on 9.so/and 10.the
综合能力测评(四)
Unit 4
本套试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷60分，第Ⅱ卷40分，共100分。考试时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共60分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节；满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
I suddenly heard an elephant crying as though frightened. Looking down, I immediately recognized that something was wrong, and ran down to the edge of the near bank. There I saw Ma Shwe with her three-month-old calf struggling in the fast-rising water, and it was a life-and-death struggle. Her calf was floating and screaming with fear. Ma Shwe was as near to the far bank as she could get, holding her whole body against the rushing water, and keeping the calf pressed against her huge body. Every now and then the rushing water would sweep the calf away. There was a sudden rise in the water and the calf was washed clean over the mother's body and was gone. Ma Shwe turned quickly to reach it and pressed the calf with her head and trunk(象鼻) against the rocky bank. Then with a huge effort, she picked it up in her trunk and tried until she was able to place it on a narrow shelf of rock.
Just at this moment, she went back into the river. If she were carried down, it would be certain death. I knew, as well as she did, that there was one spot (地点) where she could get to the bank, but it was on the other side from where she had put her calf. While I was wondering what I could do next，I heard the sound of a mother's love.Ma Shwe had crossed the river and got to the bank and was making her way back as fast as she could，roaring(吼叫) all the time，but to her calf it was music.
1．The moment the author got down to the river bank he saw________.
A．the calf was about to fall into the river
B．Ma Shwe was placing the calf on the rock
C．the calf was washed away by the rising water
D．Ma Shwe was holding the calf against the rushing water
2．How did Ma Shwe manage to save her calf from the fast-flowing water?
A．By putting it on a safe spot.
B．By pressing it against her body.
C．By taking it away with her.
D．By carrying it on her back.
3．How did the calf feel about the mother elephant's roaring?
A．It was a musical note. B．It was a sign of danger.
C．It was a call for help. D．It was a great comfort.
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．A mother's love B．A brave act
C．A deadly river D．A matter of life and death
B
It was Monday. Mrs Smith's dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house.
Considering that there was no better way, Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it, “Give my dog half a pound of meat.” Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently, “Take this to the butcher(卖肉者), and he's going to give you your lunch today.”
Holding the piece of paper in its mouth, the dog ran to the butcher's shop. It gave the paper to the butcher. The butcher read it carefully, recognized that it was really the lady's handwriting and presently did as he was asked to. The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up immediately.
At midday, the dog came to the shop again. It gave the butcher a piece of paper again. After reading it, he gave it half a pound of meat once more.
The next day, the dog came again exactly at midday. And as usual, it brought a piece of paper in the mouth. This time, the butcher did not take a look at the paper, and gave the dog its meat, for he had thought of the dog as one of his customers.
However, the dog came again at four o'clock. And the same thing happened once again. To the butcher's more surprise, it came for the third time at six o'clock, and brought with it a third piece of paper. The butcher felt a bit puzzled. He said to himself, “This is a small dog. Why does Mrs Smith give it so much meat to eat today？”
Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it!
5．When Mrs Smith's dog was hungry, what did she give to the dog?
A．Some chicken.
B．Half a pound of meat.
C．A hot dog.
D．A piece of paper with some words on it.
6．Mrs Smith treated her little dog quite ________.
A．rudely B．proudly C．friendly D．angrily
7．From its experience, the dog found that ________.
A．only the paper with Mrs Smith's words on it could bring it meat
B．a piece of paper could bring him half a pound of meat
C．the butcher would give the meat to it whenever he saw it
D．Mrs Smith would pay for the meat it got from the butcher
8．At the end of the story, you'll find that ________.
A．the dog was clever enough to write on the paper
B．the butcher was told not to give any meat to the dog
C．the dog dared not go to the butcher's any more
D．the butcher found himself cheated by the smart animal
C
Energy goes from one plant or animal to another. A food chain shows how this energy moves. Each time an animal gets eaten, its energy is passed onto the animal that eats it. The food chain is very important because it keeps the balance of nature. If one part of the food chain disappears, it can affect all the other plants and animals. Any threat to the food chain is a threat to the environment's biodiversity(生物多样性). The food chain helps keep animal populations in balance. However, if something happens to damage one of the links in the food chain, that balance is broken. If one animal becomes endangered, it puts all the animals above it at risk.
Some of the threats are natural, such as wildfires, hurricanes, tornados, floods and so on. But the biggest threats to the food chain come from you and me. These threats include overfishing, logging, farming, development, pollution, etc. The food chain is endangered anywhere humans have had an effect on the natural environment.
A recent study shows that the overfishing of large sharks is damaging the food chain along the US Atlantic coast. Canadian and American scientists say sharks are being killed in great numbers for their meat and fins(鳍). Now, not enough sharks are around to eat the cownose ray. The ray's population has increased and they have eaten up the shellfish to the point where it has hurt commercial(商业的) fishing.
Many of us disturb the natural environment in our own backyards. It's up to us to take care of the environment and try not to disrupt the natural food chain. If we don't act responsibly, animals will start disappearing.
9．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．The food chain is not easy to be broken.
B．The energy of an animal usually disappears when it dies.
C．Increasing the links will not break the balance of nature.
D．Breaking the food chain is bad for the biodiversity of the environment.
10．The study mentioned in Paragraph 3 proves that ________.
A．human activities can be a big threat to the food chain
B．we are all responsible for the breaking of the food chain
C．natural disasters are hard to break the food chain
D．hunting large sharks for meat is beneficial
11．We can infer that the writer wrote this passage mainly to________.
A．explain what the food chain is
B．tell us something interesting about nature
C．suggest that we stop eating meat to save animals
D．suggest that we should not disrupt the natural food chain
D
Many animals are being endangered or at the edge of disappearing. The following four species are the most endangered animals in the world.
White elephants
Today white elephants are very rare.The white elephant is a native of South-east Asia—Laos，Cambodia，Vietnam and Thailand.The last white elephant in Burma(缅甸) was seen in 1961.
Elephants represent power and peace.To Americans，a white elephant is a metaphor(隐喻) for a worthless object. To the people of Thailand，a white elephant is regarded as a sacred animal.
Tibetan antelopes
The Tibetan antelope，also called the chiru，is prized for the fur.Experts guess that there are 75，000 to 100，000 Tibetan antelopes left and that as many as 20，000 a year are killed in China alone.
Rhinos
There are five species of rhinos，two African and three Asian.The African species are the white and black rhinos；both species have two horns. Asian rhinos each have one horn. Rhinos rank among the most endangered species on Earth. Valued for their horns，they face a serious threat from poaching. Some cultures believe that powdered rhino horns will cure everything from fever to food poisoning.
David's deer
Chinese scientists find it hard to explain how the population of David's deer，known as Milu deer among Chinese, bounced back after dying out in China.The Dafeng Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province introduced 64 David's deer in 1993 and 1994，and the population has grown to 450 today. Milu once died out in China in the late 19th century because of floods，hunting and wars.
12．There is no white elephant in________．
A. Cambodia B. Vietnam C. Thailand D. Burma
13．People kill Tibetan antelopes just for________．
A. their meat B. fur C. horns D. bones
14．The total number of________ keeps increasing in China.
A. white elephants B. Tibetan antelopes
C．rhinos D. David's deer
15．The purpose of writing the passage is to________．
A. call on people to protect the endangered animals in the world
B. show the most endangered animals in the world
C. tell why the four species are the most endangered animals in the world
D. warn us of the danger of losing four species in the world
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange or red? __16__Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. __17__If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
__18__A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. __19__A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
__20__It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
A．They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as we grow up—we are born with our preference.
B．On the other hand, black is depressing.
C．If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.
D．Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.
E．Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.
F．Colours do influence our moods—there is no doubt about it.
G．The rooms are painted in different colours as you like.
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
From the time I was seven, I had a dream of becoming a member of the Students' Union. I always __21__ my school leaders for taking responsibility for all of us. So I dreamed of being a leader.
Years flew by, and soon I was able to participate in the elections, __22__ I would win. But the reality struck that I hadn't had a chance. I wasn't pretty. Girls across the school hardly knew me. I just did not have what it __23__to win a school election. I was__24__．
As I cried in my room that evening, I__25__took a deep breath and decided I wouldn't stop dreaming. I decided that I would__26__ for elections again in my final year at school—and I would win.
I recognized that my__27__ had a lot of things in their favour. What were the__28__that would work in my favour? I had good grades, and I was friendly and helpful. And my biggest __29__was the faith I had. I would not allow my __30__appearance to hold me back from putting my best foot forward. That evening, I__31__my election plans a whole year in advance.
I realized that girls would have to get to know me and recognize that I had the ability to __32__them. I loved making friends and I liked being helpful, __33__I decided that perhaps I could use these qualities to work to my advantage. In order to learn how to present a great election __34__，I also attended a course on effective public speaking.
The day after the election, when the principal(校长) announced I won the second highest number of votes, the students __35__. That joy on the faces of all my friends showed me that my victory was __36__theirs.
Suddenly, I realized that I had __37__much more than I had dreamed of. I had made many new friends and had helped people__38__the way. I had won the__39__and love of my schoolmates and they knew me as somebody who would stand by them. I was able to put a smile on their faces and__40__their day.
21．A. remembered B. admired C. praised D. believed
22．A. planning B. praying C. calculating D. judging
23．A. took B. assessed C. provided D. meant
24．A. concerned B. surprised C. depressed D. confused
25．A. gradually B. immediately C. impatiently D. suddenly
26．A. participate B. enter C. join D. go
27．A. companions B. enemies C. schoolmates D. competitors
28．A. points B. occasions C. methods D. examples
29．A. problem B. dream C. strength D. worry
30．A. plain B. young C. personal D. special
31．A. announced B. discussed C. began D. cancelled
32．A. recommend B. encourage C. support D. represent
33．A. but B. so C. then D. or
34．A. speech B. campaign C. ceremony D. promise
35．A. nodded B. cheered C. gathered D. cried
36．A. only B. also C. still D. almost
37．A. devoted B. accelerated C. accomplished D. developed
38．A. along B. by C. to D. in
39．A. appointment B. reputation C. election D. acceptance
40．A. rich B. bless C. expand D. brighten
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共40分)
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Americans think time is money. They say, “You only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it41.________ (wise)．” Americans 42.________(train) to use their time for constructive activities,43.________Americans admire a “well-organized” person, 44.________has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them. They do not waste people's time with conversations or other activities that have no visible beneficial result.
The Americans' attitude45.________time is not necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans. Non-Europeans are more likely46.________(regard) time as something that is simply there around them, 47.________something of great value. In this background，the fast food industry can be seen as a clear example of American cultural product. McDonald, KFC, and other fast food 48.________(company) are successful in a country where many people want to spend the 49.________(little) amount of time preparing and eating meals. As McDonald's restaurants spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, 50.________(bring) not just hamburgers but speed, efficiency(效率), and shiny cleanliness.
Ⅳ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。
Dear friends，
As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse other than better. Our life and health have affected greatly. The earth is our home, but we have a duty to take care of it, not only for ourselves but for future generation. Fortunate, more and more people have become aware of this problem. Many effective measures have been taken by the government to dealing with them.
As a student I think we should do something to improve the environment. Firstly, go to the school on foot or by bike as often as possible. Secondly, turn on the lights and other electrical appliances before leaving the room. Thirdly, never throw rubbish here and there. It's time that we do something to protect our environment.
Ⅴ.书面表达(满分20分)
假如你叫周凯，你的美国笔友Paul给你发来一封电子邮件，在邮件中Paul询问在中国关于吸烟的情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容如下：
1. 中国大部分人已经认识到吸烟的危害，越来越多的人已经开始戒烟；
2. 中国已经通过了在公共场所禁止吸烟的法律，并有多种标志提醒人们不要吸烟；
3. 政府会采取措施帮助人们戒烟。
要求：1. 邮件内容须包括全部要点；
2. 词数100左右；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考答案
综合能力测评(四)
Ⅰ.第一节A
【文章大意】 本文主要讲了“我”在听到一头大象的哭声后，走近河岸边的所见所闻：一头母象为了挽救自己的幼崽，正在与凶猛的河水进行生死搏斗。经过她的不懈努力，她终于成功营救了自己的孩子，并奋不顾身地冲向河岸的另一边。这个故事告诉我们动物之间也有和人一样的母子真情存在。
1．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“There I saw Ma Shwe with her three-month-old calf struggling in the fast-rising water, and it was a life-and-death struggle…holding her whole body against the rushing water…”可知， Ma Shwe尽可能地贴近河岸，抓住小象来对抗洪水。故选D项。
2．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中对Ma Shwe营救小象的细节的描写可知，Ma Shwe是在寻找一个安全的地方。文章第二段第三句话“I knew, as well as she did, that there was one spot (地点) where she could get to the bank, but it was on the other side from where she had put her calf.”再次说明她是通过把小象放到一个安全的地方来营救小象的。故选A项。
3．D 推理判断题。根据文章对小象的描写可知，小象一直是处于紧张、害怕的状态，直到象妈妈成功地救了自己并来到自己身边时，小象的害怕和紧张情绪才得以平复，所以象妈妈的吼叫也像是音乐一般成为对小象的一种抚慰。故选D项。
4．A 主旨大意题。由文章内容可知，这篇文章主要是讲母象Ma Shwe在遇到洪水时，奋不顾身地营救了自己的孩子，这体现了伟大的母爱。故选A项。
B
【文章大意】 史密斯夫人的小狗很饿，但是家里已经没有肉了。史密斯夫人只好在一张纸上写上一句话并让小狗把它带给卖肉的人。确认过纸条之后，卖肉的人给了小狗一块肉……
5．D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“…Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it…Then she gave the paper to her dog…”可知，史密斯夫人把一张写着一句话的纸给了她的狗，故选D项。
6．C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently…”中的gently可知，史密斯夫人对她的小狗很友善，故选C项。
7．B 推理判断题。根据第五段的“…for he had thought of the dog as one of his customers.”和最后一段的“…he found that there were not any words on it！”可知，卖肉的人从第三次开始就没有看纸上的字，而是直接把肉给了小狗，后来，卖肉的人发现小狗送来的是白纸，说明小狗认为只要带一张纸，就能得到一块肉，故选B项。
8．D 推理判断题。根据“Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it！”可知，小狗用没有写字的白纸骗过了卖肉的人，当看到空白的纸时，卖肉的人意识到自己上当了，故选D项。
C
【文章大意】 文章主要讲的是食物链的重要作用和食物链面临的严重威胁。一些威胁来自自然界本身，像野火、飓风、洪水等。但是，最大的威胁来自人类活动。
9．D 段落大意题。根据“The food chain is very important because it keeps the balance of…Any threat to the food chain is a threat to the environment's biodiversity(生物多样性)．”可知，食物链的存在对维持大自然的生态平衡和生物多样性有着重要的作用，如果食物链遭到破坏，食物链上的所有动植物都会受到影响，故选D项。
10．A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The food chain is endangered anywhere humans have had an effect on the natural environment.”可知，人类的过度捕捞和过度砍伐等行为已经给食物链带来了很大的威胁。第三段列举的是过度捕杀鲨鱼的例子，以此来说明人类活动对食物链产生的威胁，故选A项。
11．D 写作意图题。文章主要讲的是食物链的重要作用和食物链面临的威胁。根据最后一段的“It's up to us to take care of the environment and try not to disrupt the natural food chain. If we don't act responsibly, animals will start disappearing.”可知，人们应该自觉地保护环境，不去破坏自然界存在的食物链。故作者写这篇文章是在建议读者不要破坏食物链的自然平衡，要爱护我们的环境，故选D项。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了四种已经濒临灭绝的动物。
12．D 细节理解题。根据“The last white elephant in Burma(缅甸) was seen in 1961.”可知缅甸已经没有白象了。
13．B 细节理解题。由“The Tibetan antelope, also called the chiru, is prized for the fur.”可知答案。
14．D 细节理解题。文中提到在中国的两种动物Tibetan antelope与David's deer, Tibetan antelope每年有两万只被杀，David's deer从1993年到现在一直在增加，故选D。
15．B 主旨大意题。文章只是列举了濒临灭绝的四种动物，有的说明了其减少的原因，有的没有提到，故选B。
第二节
【文章大意】 你最喜欢的颜色是什么？心理学家告诉我们亮色使人精力充沛，而暗色让人压抑。
16．C 上句提到“你喜欢黄色、橙色和红色吗？”第二段讲到黄色让人开心，红色让人温暖，故可推断出喜欢这类明亮颜色的人应该乐观积极，是领导者的角色。故选C。
17．A 心理学家告诉我们，我们天生就有自己喜欢的颜色，故选A。
18．F 文章提到黄色让人开心放松，红色让人在悲伤的冬日感到温暖快乐，又说到泰晤士河上的黑色的大桥是很多人自杀的现场，故本段在讲颜色的确影响我们的心情，故选F。
19．B 下句说到泰晤士河上的黑色的大桥是很多人自杀的现场，过渡句应该是另一方面，即黑色给人压抑、沮丧的感觉。故选B。
20．D 下句说到当机器被粉刷成橙色时，工人工作效率更高，事故更少，最后还是在肯定亮色对人们的积极影响。故选D。
Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一心梦想能够进入学生会，最后通过不懈努力终于赢得了选举，实现了自己的梦想。
21．B 根据文章第三句可知答案。因为作者一直梦想成为一位领导者，所以总是羡慕学校负责的领导们。
22．B 前文已经交代作者梦想成为学生会成员，既然有这样的梦想，那么当机会来临的时候，当然是祈祷能赢得选举，虽然实际上自己没有成功。
23．A it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式形式。此处是说赢得学校的选举“需要”什么。
24．C 作者不知道拿什么来赢得选举，因此感到非常沮丧。所以只有C项depressed“沮丧的”符合作者当时的心情。
25．D 根据上文可知，作者选举没有成功，因此当晚在自己的房间里哭了，但是又突然做了一个深呼吸并决定不放弃梦想。
26．B 作者决定在她上学的最后一年重新参选。enter for sth报名参加……。
27．D 只要参加选举，就必然有竞争，所以一定会有竞争对手(competitors)。不要误选B，相互竞争并不意味着就是敌人。
28．A 作者分析道，对手优势很多，自己的优势是什么？point要点，关键点。
29．C 结合前文内容可知，此处谈论的仍然是自己有哪些优势，所以选strength，意为“长处”。strength与advantage是同义词。
30．A 作者不想让自己普通的外表阻碍自己将最好的一面展现出来。plain普通的，平平的。
31．C begin开始，着手于。
32．D 作者要竞选领导，领导当然要能够代表支持自己那些人的利益，所以选择D项。作者意识到女孩们开始了解自己了，并且认可自己有能力代表她们。文章最后一段中的stand by是提示。
33．B 空后面的these qualities指的是上文所提到的“…loved making friends and I liked being helpful…”，空前后构成因果关系，因此选择B项。
34．A 下文的public speaking是提示。为了学会在一个大型的演讲中如何表现自己，作者还参加了一个高效公共演讲的培训。election speech选举演讲。
35．B 作者赢得了选举，学生们当然应该为自己欢呼以示高兴。cheer欢呼。
36．B 这次选举不仅是作者的胜利，也(also)是支持者们的胜利。
37．C 作者的本意只是在竞选中获胜，但获胜后作者突然意识到，除了实现了自己的梦想外，还得到了友情以及一路走来朋友们的支持和帮助，因此作者认为自己收获了比目标还要多的东西，所以选accomplish“完成，实现”。
38．A 在竞选的过程中，作者交了许多新朋友， 并在前进的道路上帮助别人。along the way沿途。
39．C 34空前面出现过election。作者已经在选举中获胜，并赢得了同学们的关爱。
40．D 通过这次经历作者有了更多的自信心，并且认为自己能够让朋友们快乐起来，让他们的脸上带着微笑，照亮他们的生活。brighten使快乐，使高兴。
Ⅲ.41.wisely 42. are trained 43. so 44. who 45. to/towards 46. to regard
47. not 48. companies 49. least 50.bringing
Ⅳ.Dear friends，
As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse other than better. Our life and
rather
health have∧affected greatly. The earth is our home, but we have a duty to take care of it,
been so/and
not only for ourselves but for future generation. Fortunate, more and more people have become
generations Fortunately
aware of this problem. Many effective measures have been taken by the government to dealing
deal
with them.
it
As a student I think we should do something to improve the environment. Firstly, go to the school on foot or by bike as often as possible. Secondly, turn on the lights and other electrical
off
appliances before leaving the room. Thirdly, never throw rubbish here and there. It's time that we do something to protect our environment.
did
Ⅴ.One possible version：
Dear Paul，
Glad to hear from you. I have learned that you want to know something about smoking in our country and I'd like to answer all your questions.
As far as I am concerned, more and more people have realized smoking does great harm to health, and causes a variety of diseases. As a result, they have made up their minds to give up smoking.
Fortunately, we have passed a law which forbids people to smoke in public places, and there are signs reminding people to limit smoking in public. I am sure our government will take measures to help people to do so.
That's all I know about smoking in our country. Keep in touch and best wishes!
Yours，
Zhou Kai
