人教版（2019）选修三Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking重难点词句语法基础提升练（含答案）
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选择性必修三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection-Reading and Thinking 词汇练习及句型讲练
根据中文或首字母提示写出下列单词。（P26—28）
An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have _______________(饥饿) and died.
This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact in Earth’s ________________(生态).
The heat is _______________(释放) back into space at longer wave length.
Without this process, Earth could not __________________(维持) life.
When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil _______________(燃料), more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly.
There is strong and __________________(详尽的) evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
This warming ______________(趋势) will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.
In fact, new reports are __________________(经常地) b_________________ about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.
Governments need to consider making p______________ and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
It is our responsibility to s___________every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
二、单句语法填空（P26—28）
1. A _____________(warm) ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a ______________(drama) change in the global climate.
2. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all ___________ remained of the polar bear _________ “skin and bones”.
3. __________ expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared ___________________(starve) and died.
4. This _______________(alarm) case showed how the increase _______ temperature had an impact _______ Earth’s ecology.
5. The“natural” greenhouse effect _____________(refer) to the fact ___________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation.
6. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse ___________(gas) by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy _____________(trap) in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature ___________(rise) quickly.
7. There is strong and comprehensive _____________(evident) that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and ____________(nature) disasters worldwide, not only ____________(cause) serious damage, but also costing human lives.
8. In fact, new reports are __________________(frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic ________________(lose).
9. It is our responsibility ________________(seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about ___________(globe) warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue _____________(affect) all of us on this planet.
10. According to the report _______________(submit) by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions _______________(cause) by the destruction of tropical forests.
三、写出下列词组含义，并用其适当形式填空。
starve (sb.) to death_________________ along with _________________ be shocked by_____________
the increase in _____________________ refer to ____________________ have an impact on__________
huge amounts of ___________________ take measures _______________ be trapped in ______________
seize the opportunity ________________ result in ____________________ be aimed at _______________
take responsibility for _______________ bring about __________________ in response to _____________
Peter, _______________ his parents, was invited to the party, making him thrilled.
As is known to all, artificial intelligence has already _______________________ our lives in many ways.
We sat on the grass, ___________________ the spectacular nature.
In ancient times, many people ____________________ because of poverty.
A rescue worker risked his life saving tourists who ______________________ the mountains for two days.
__________________ broaden our horizons, a unique western art exhibition will be held in our school.
As an adult, you should _________________________ what you have said.
The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”---a term _______________ papers made widely available to the public.
What puzzles me most is that what _________________ the change in his attitude towards my opinion.
The police failed ________________________ effectively to stop the growth in crime.
四、重点句式讲练
1. a. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
b. There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
There’s no/little doubt that…意为____________________, that引导_____________(从句)。此处doubt词性为____________, 在肯定句中引导词用whether; 而当doubt作为动词时，后接的宾语从句既可以用whether，也可以用if.
句b意为_________________________________________________________________________________
causing serious damage和costing human lives在句中作_______________成份；
注意：当结果出乎意料的时候，往往用_______________________
拓展：在there be 结构中，而用表示类似“存在”的其它不及物动词，如come, stand, live, seem, appear, exist, turn out等。 There stands a statue by the sea.
其他常见there句式：
a. 没/有必要做某事 ________________________________ b. 不可否认 ____________________________
c. … 出/没问题了 __________________________________ d. 有证据表明___________________________
1). 不可否认，电脑有在课堂上激发发灵感的潜力。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 特别是在发展中国家，迫切需要扩大医疗和社会保障网络。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3). 在我看来，儿童参加有偿劳动没有错误。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4). 对于少数民族语言和文化的逐渐消失，似乎没有长久的解决方法。
________________________________________________________________________________________
5). 从河边传来求救声。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6). 这场雪持续了一周，这导致这个地区交通严重混乱。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7). 他们上气不接下气地赶到电影院，却被告知这部喜剧的演出被延迟了。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
句意: ___________________________________________________________________________________
It is one’s opportunity to do … 意为_______________________; it是形式主语，真正主语是____________.
自主复习it作为形式主语和形式宾语常见句式；
along with 意为______________; 连接两主语时，谓语动词单复数要和__________(前面/后面)的主语的数保持一致。类似用法还有together with, as well as, rather than, including…
affecting all of us on the planet在句中作______________成份
1). 那位著名的音乐家和他的学生们将应邀在开幕式上进行表演。（in response to; to do 作表语）
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 我们有责任保护濒危动物不灭绝。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3). 令人不安的是，在过去的6个月里，犯罪(crime) 有大幅的上涨。（it, disturb，there be）
________________________________________________________________________________________
4). 经常睡懒觉的那个男生该受责备，迟到成了家常便饭。
________________________________________________________________________________________
五、完形填空
Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods
As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, heat stress, longer droughts, and more intense rainfalls linked to global warming continue to upset our daily weather, we often forget they also impact the quantity, quality, and growing ___1___ of our food. Many foods have already ___2___ top spots on the world's "endangered foods" list, indicating their possibility to become ___3___ within the next 30 years.
To start with what is ___4___ in many people's lives we are disappointed to find that coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and irregular rainfall patterns, which invite disease to ___5___ the coffee plant and beans. The result Significant ___6___ in coffee output.
And coffee's culinary (烹饪的) cousin, cacao (aka chocolate),is also suffering stress from global warming's rising temperatures. But for chocolate, it isn't the warmer climate alone that's the problem. Cacao trees actually ___7___ warmer climates as long as that warmth is paired with high humidity and sufficient rain. ___8___, the problem is that the higher temperatures projected for the world's leading chocolate-producing countries are not expected to be ___9___ by an increase in rainfall. Therefore, as higher temperatures take more moisture from soil and plants, it's ___10___ that rainfall will increase enough to make up for this loss.
Another notably nutritious plant, peanut grows best when it gets five months of continuous warm weather and 20 to 40 inches of rain. Anything ___11___ and plants won't survive. That isn't good news when most climate models agree that the climate of the future will be one of the ___12___, including droughts. The world has already caught a glimpse of peanut's future fate when last year a serious drought across the peanut-growing Southeastern U.S led many plants to die. According to a financial report, the ___13___ spells (时期) caused peanut prices to rise by as much as 40 percent!
Finally, in the world of sea, as air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and undergo warming of their own. The result is the ___14___ in fish population. Warmer waters also encourage vicious marine bacteria, like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans. And that satisfying “crack” you get when eating crab could be ___15___ as shellfish struggle to build their calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) shells, a result of ocean acidification.
1．A．attitudes B．choices C．locations D．resources
2．A．contributed B．earned C．featured D．reflected
3．A．amazing B．unique C．typical D．scarce
4．A．necessary B．luxurious C．practical D．original
5．A．defend B．rob C．shock D．infect
6．A．increases B．cuts C．changes D．failure
7．A．survive B．prefer C．admire D．encounter
8．A．Moreover B．By contrast C．However D．Therefore
9．A．accompanied B．influenced C．blocked D．doubled
10．A．unlikely B．irrelevant C．inappropriate D．immeasurable
11．A．more B．less C．warmer D．colder
12．A．patterns B．depths C．extremes D．ends
13．A．rainy B．shiny C．freezing D．dry
14．A．revolution B．shrink C．extinction D．evolution
15．A．silenced B．heightened C．changed D．minimized
六、阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China on October 12 1______________(official) announced the first group of national parks. Home to nearly 30 percent of the key terrestrial wildlife species found in China, they cover 2__________ protected land area of 230,000 square km.
The establishment of the first batch of national parks is a practical move by China 3______________(strengthen) its effort to promote natural ecological protection and conserve biodiversity.
The Three-River-Source National Park 4__________(locate)on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau—known as the world's "third pole". It protects the source of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers. The Giant Panda National Park protects the major habitats of 70 percent of the country's wild giant pandas. 5_____________(cover) an area of 4,269 sq km, the Hainan Rainforest National Park is home to China's largest rainforest and the Hainan gibbon. The Wuyi Mountain National Park experimental area is the only park in China 6___________ is listed as a UNESCO cultural and 7_____________(nature) heritage site. It is a reflection of China's environmental protection principle, which emphasizes coexistence and sustainable 8______________(develop) between humans and nature.
Different from parks in the general sense that are only for sightseeing and leisure, commercial activities are banned in the national parks, which are all put 9__________ the control of the national rules for ecological protection, and subject to the 10_______________(strict) protection in history.
Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 参考答案：一二答案略
三、1 along with 2 had an impact on 3 shocked by 4 starved to death 5 had been trapped in
6 Aimed at 7 take responsibility for 8 referring to 9 brought about 10 to take measures
四、1. 毫无疑问；同位语；名词；
有确凿全面的证据表明，温度上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还使人丧命；结果状语
a. There’s a/no need to do… b. There’s no denying (the fact) that…
c. There’s something/nothing wrong with… d. There’s evidence/proof that…
1). There is no denying/One can’t deny that computers have the potential to stimulate inspiration in class.
2). There is an urgent need, particularly in developing countries, to expand health-care and social security networks.
3). As far as I’m concerned, there is nothing wrong with children engaging in paid work.
4). There seems to be no permanent solution to the gradual disappearance of minority languages and cultures.
5). There came cries/shouts for help from the river.
6). The snow lasted a week, leading to/resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
7). They reached the cinema out of breath, only to be told that the show of the comedy had been delayed.
2. 我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖，包括其成因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。
做某事是某人的责任。to seize…
和…一起，前面
后置定语
1). In response to the invitation, the famous musician, along with his students, is to perform at the opening ceremony.
2). It is our responsibility to protect the endangered animals from dying out/extinction.
3). It is disturbing that there has been a dramatic increase/rise in crime in the last/past six months.
4). The boy sleeping in frequently is to blame. Being late has become part of his everyday life.
五、CBDAC BBCAA BCDBA
六、1 officially 2 a 3 to strengthen 4 is located 5 Covering 6 that 7 natural
8 development 9 under 10 strictest
根据中文或首字母提示写出下列单词。（P26—28）
An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have _______________(饥饿) and died.
This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact in Earth’s ________________(生态).
The heat is _______________(释放) back into space at longer wave length.
Without this process, Earth could not __________________(维持) life.
When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil _______________(燃料), more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly.
There is strong and __________________(详尽的) evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
This warming ______________(趋势) will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.
In fact, new reports are __________________(经常地) b_________________ about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.
Governments need to consider making p______________ and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
It is our responsibility to s___________every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
二、单句语法填空（P26—28）
1. A _____________(warm) ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a ______________(drama) change in the global climate.
2. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all ___________ remained of the polar bear _________ “skin and bones”.
3. __________ expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared ___________________(starve) and died.
4. This _______________(alarm) case showed how the increase _______ temperature had an impact _______ Earth’s ecology.
5. The“natural” greenhouse effect _____________(refer) to the fact ___________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation.
6. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse ___________(gas) by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy _____________(trap) in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature ___________(rise) quickly.
7. There is strong and comprehensive _____________(evident) that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and ____________(nature) disasters worldwide, not only ____________(cause) serious damage, but also costing human lives.
8. In fact, new reports are __________________(frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic ________________(lose).
9. It is our responsibility ________________(seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about ___________(globe) warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue _____________(affect) all of us on this planet.
10. According to the report _______________(submit) by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions _______________(cause) by the destruction of tropical forests.
三、写出下列词组含义，并用其适当形式填空。
starve (sb.) to death_________________ along with _________________ be shocked by_____________
the increase in _____________________ refer to ____________________ have an impact on__________
huge amounts of ___________________ take measures _______________ be trapped in ______________
seize the opportunity ________________ result in ____________________ be aimed at _______________
take responsibility for _______________ bring about __________________ in response to _____________
Peter, _______________ his parents, was invited to the party, making him thrilled.
As is known to all, artificial intelligence has already _______________________ our lives in many ways.
We sat on the grass, ___________________ the spectacular nature.
In ancient times, many people ____________________ because of poverty.
A rescue worker risked his life saving tourists who ______________________ the mountains for two days.
__________________ broaden our horizons, a unique western art exhibition will be held in our school.
As an adult, you should _________________________ what you have said.
The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”---a term _______________ papers made widely available to the public.
What puzzles me most is that what _________________ the change in his attitude towards my opinion.
The police failed ________________________ effectively to stop the growth in crime.
四、重点句式讲练
1. a. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
b. There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
There’s no/little doubt that…意为____________________, that引导_____________(从句)。此处doubt词性为____________, 在肯定句中引导词用whether; 而当doubt作为动词时，后接的宾语从句既可以用whether，也可以用if.
句b意为_________________________________________________________________________________
causing serious damage和costing human lives在句中作_______________成份；
注意：当结果出乎意料的时候，往往用_______________________
拓展：在there be 结构中，而用表示类似“存在”的其它不及物动词，如come, stand, live, seem, appear, exist, turn out等。 There stands a statue by the sea.
其他常见there句式：
a. 没/有必要做某事 ________________________________ b. 不可否认 ____________________________
c. … 出/没问题了 __________________________________ d. 有证据表明___________________________
1). 不可否认，电脑有在课堂上激发发灵感的潜力。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 特别是在发展中国家，迫切需要扩大医疗和社会保障网络。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3). 在我看来，儿童参加有偿劳动没有错误。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4). 对于少数民族语言和文化的逐渐消失，似乎没有长久的解决方法。
________________________________________________________________________________________
5). 从河边传来求救声。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6). 这场雪持续了一周，这导致这个地区交通严重混乱。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7). 他们上气不接下气地赶到电影院，却被告知这部喜剧的演出被延迟了。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
句意: ___________________________________________________________________________________
It is one’s opportunity to do … 意为_______________________; it是形式主语，真正主语是____________.
自主复习it作为形式主语和形式宾语常见句式；
along with 意为______________; 连接两主语时，谓语动词单复数要和__________(前面/后面)的主语的数保持一致。类似用法还有together with, as well as, rather than, including…
affecting all of us on the planet在句中作______________成份
1). 那位著名的音乐家和他的学生们将应邀在开幕式上进行表演。（in response to; to do 作表语）
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 我们有责任保护濒危动物不灭绝。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3). 令人不安的是，在过去的6个月里，犯罪(crime) 有大幅的上涨。（it, disturb，there be）
________________________________________________________________________________________
4). 经常睡懒觉的那个男生该受责备，迟到成了家常便饭。
________________________________________________________________________________________
五、完形填空
Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods
As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, heat stress, longer droughts, and more intense rainfalls linked to global warming continue to upset our daily weather, we often forget they also impact the quantity, quality, and growing ___1___ of our food. Many foods have already ___2___ top spots on the world's "endangered foods" list, indicating their possibility to become ___3___ within the next 30 years.
To start with what is ___4___ in many people's lives we are disappointed to find that coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and irregular rainfall patterns, which invite disease to ___5___ the coffee plant and beans. The result Significant ___6___ in coffee output.
And coffee's culinary (烹饪的) cousin, cacao (aka chocolate),is also suffering stress from global warming's rising temperatures. But for chocolate, it isn't the warmer climate alone that's the problem. Cacao trees actually ___7___ warmer climates as long as that warmth is paired with high humidity and sufficient rain. ___8___, the problem is that the higher temperatures projected for the world's leading chocolate-producing countries are not expected to be ___9___ by an increase in rainfall. Therefore, as higher temperatures take more moisture from soil and plants, it's ___10___ that rainfall will increase enough to make up for this loss.
Another notably nutritious plant, peanut grows best when it gets five months of continuous warm weather and 20 to 40 inches of rain. Anything ___11___ and plants won't survive. That isn't good news when most climate models agree that the climate of the future will be one of the ___12___, including droughts. The world has already caught a glimpse of peanut's future fate when last year a serious drought across the peanut-growing Southeastern U.S led many plants to die. According to a financial report, the ___13___ spells (时期) caused peanut prices to rise by as much as 40 percent!
Finally, in the world of sea, as air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and undergo warming of their own. The result is the ___14___ in fish population. Warmer waters also encourage vicious marine bacteria, like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans. And that satisfying “crack” you get when eating crab could be ___15___ as shellfish struggle to build their calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) shells, a result of ocean acidification.
1．A．attitudes B．choices C．locations D．resources
2．A．contributed B．earned C．featured D．reflected
3．A．amazing B．unique C．typical D．scarce
4．A．necessary B．luxurious C．practical D．original
5．A．defend B．rob C．shock D．infect
6．A．increases B．cuts C．changes D．failure
7．A．survive B．prefer C．admire D．encounter
8．A．Moreover B．By contrast C．However D．Therefore
9．A．accompanied B．influenced C．blocked D．doubled
10．A．unlikely B．irrelevant C．inappropriate D．immeasurable
11．A．more B．less C．warmer D．colder
12．A．patterns B．depths C．extremes D．ends
13．A．rainy B．shiny C．freezing D．dry
14．A．revolution B．shrink C．extinction D．evolution
15．A．silenced B．heightened C．changed D．minimized
六、阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China on October 12 1______________(official) announced the first group of national parks. Home to nearly 30 percent of the key terrestrial wildlife species found in China, they cover 2__________ protected land area of 230,000 square km.
The establishment of the first batch of national parks is a practical move by China 3______________(strengthen) its effort to promote natural ecological protection and conserve biodiversity.
The Three-River-Source National Park 4__________(locate)on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau—known as the world's "third pole". It protects the source of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers. The Giant Panda National Park protects the major habitats of 70 percent of the country's wild giant pandas. 5_____________(cover) an area of 4,269 sq km, the Hainan Rainforest National Park is home to China's largest rainforest and the Hainan gibbon. The Wuyi Mountain National Park experimental area is the only park in China 6___________ is listed as a UNESCO cultural and 7_____________(nature) heritage site. It is a reflection of China's environmental protection principle, which emphasizes coexistence and sustainable 8______________(develop) between humans and nature.
Different from parks in the general sense that are only for sightseeing and leisure, commercial activities are banned in the national parks, which are all put 9__________ the control of the national rules for ecological protection, and subject to the 10_______________(strict) protection in history.
Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 参考答案：一二答案略
三、1 along with 2 had an impact on 3 shocked by 4 starved to death 5 had been trapped in
6 Aimed at 7 take responsibility for 8 referring to 9 brought about 10 to take measures
四、1. 毫无疑问；同位语；名词；
有确凿全面的证据表明，温度上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还使人丧命；结果状语
a. There’s a/no need to do… b. There’s no denying (the fact) that…
c. There’s something/nothing wrong with… d. There’s evidence/proof that…
1). There is no denying/One can’t deny that computers have the potential to stimulate inspiration in class.
2). There is an urgent need, particularly in developing countries, to expand health-care and social security networks.
3). As far as I’m concerned, there is nothing wrong with children engaging in paid work.
4). There seems to be no permanent solution to the gradual disappearance of minority languages and cultures.
5). There came cries/shouts for help from the river.
6). The snow lasted a week, leading to/resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
7). They reached the cinema out of breath, only to be told that the show of the comedy had been delayed.
2. 我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖，包括其成因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。
做某事是某人的责任。to seize…
和…一起，前面
后置定语
1). In response to the invitation, the famous musician, along with his students, is to perform at the opening ceremony.
2). It is our responsibility to protect the endangered animals from dying out/extinction.
3). It is disturbing that there has been a dramatic increase/rise in crime in the last/past six months.
4). The boy sleeping in frequently is to blame. Being late has become part of his everyday life.
五、CBDAC BBCAA BCDBA
六、1 officially 2 a 3 to strengthen 4 is located 5 Covering 6 that 7 natural
8 development 9 under 10 strictest