2024届高考英语一轮复习语法知识点非谓语动词课件(共23张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语一轮复习语法知识点非谓语动词课件(共23张PPT) |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 15.9MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-12 20:13:14 | ||
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文档简介
(共23张PPT)
非谓语动词
全国卷一轮复习
非谓语动词的3种基本形式
3.过去分词 （done)
2.v+ing 形式
1.动词不定式 to do sth
动词不定式的基本用法：
可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用。
1.做主语： To help each other is good.
如：It is good to help each other.
动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，
主语
不定式作表语
（1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
单句改错
1.My wish is go fishing this afternoon.
To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做
to go
表语
动词不定式在句中作宾语
E.g I decide to study English very hard.
单句改错
1. I want drink a bowl of water now.
2.I hope go shopping with you today.
want to
hope to
宾语
常考接动词不定式的动词有：hope,want,offer,fail,wish,decide,manage,afford to do sth
作定语：
1.动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后。
E.g1. This is the best way to help him. 常考的名词有responsibility, abilty,attempt,chance等等。。。
语法填空：
1.I have a chance___ (go）abroad for further education.
2. A visually-chanllenged man from Beijing recently hiked 40 days to Xian, as a first step____( journey) the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot.（2022年全国甲卷）
2.在 the first/second+n + to do sth... E. g I am the first student to arrive here.
to go
to journey
高考常考点
作状语：动词不定式 to do sth 可以作下列的状语：
1.目的状语： Every morning he gets up very early to read English.
2.表结果状语：I arrived at the station only to find the train had left.
3.表原因状语：I am happy to receive your letter.
单句改错
1. I am delighted receive your letter.
2.I arrived at the station very early only finding the trained had left.
3.For thousands of years, people have told fables ___(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. (2023年全国甲卷）
to receive
to find
to teach
（二）-ing形式 分成现在分词和动名词 区别就是现在分词不可以做主语，但动名词可以！
作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
单句改错：
1. Run is a great exercise.
2. Finish homework on time is necessary for students.
解题实记知识点：动词原形不能做主语。
Running
Finishing
表语：用于主系表结构，解释主语，表示长期性的动作。
E.g My hobby is collecting stamps.
单句改错 ：
Her job is wash and cook.
V+ing 做表语
washing
cooking
作宾语
作及物动词的宾语 E.g She likes drawing very much.
常见动词有 mind;can’t help doing sth;feel like doing sth,succeed in doing sth;look forward to doing sth;pay attention to sth 见优化设计350页
v+ing 做宾语
单句改错
1.I can’t help ____ (smile) when I hear the good news.
2.Look forward to _____ (visit) your hometown.
smiling
visiting
作定语：ing形式作定语用时，v+ing 形式和所修饰的名词是主动，进行的关系如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前；如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。
1.The sleeping child is only five years old.
2.Do you know the man standing at the gate
动名词也可以做定语，表示的是所修饰的名词功能和作用；
比如阅读室 a reading room, drinking water 饮用水等，
V+ing 前置定语
V+ing 后置定语
作状语：翻译，根据非谓语动词短语和主句之间的逻辑关系，判断是何状语从句。
①时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother.
②原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
让步状语从句，伴随状语等等。。。。
过去分词的基本用法：
过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。
过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。
作定语：过去分词作定语时，如果这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后；与所修饰的名词是被动的。
1.The stolen car was found by the police last week.
2.The village surrounded by small lakes.
3.It can help build a community with a ____(share) future for mankind. （2022年全国乙卷）
shared
过去分词作前置定语
过去分词短语作后置定语
作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语。
The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。
The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的
作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, completed, covered等
作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：
When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.
过去分词短语作后置定语
作状语：过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，该结构的逻辑主语一般都是主句的主语
1. Seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.=When it seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.
2.Given more time,we could have done it better.=If I was given more time, we could have done it better.
非谓语动词，被动
非谓语动词，被动
非谓语动词作状语的形式
类别 基本形式
一般式 进行式 完成式
不定式 to do; to be done to be doing
动词—ing形式 doing;being done 无 having done/having been done
过去分词 done
高考非谓语动词必会！
_____ (V), sb/sth +谓语动词
Step1:非谓语动词
step2:判断主被动关系，即非谓语动词的逻辑主语是谁？
主动
被动
step3非谓语动词和谓语动词动作发生的时间
进行时
doing
being done
将来时
to be done
to do
现在完成时
done
having been done
被动，完成
having done
done
一般是主句的主语或者被修饰的名词
基础小测
1.With the car_____(repair), she will go to a local garage.
2.I'm writing this email______(ask ) you for some advice.
3.The young boy is riding a bike with his younger sister_________( run) after him
4.________( live ) by the beach , he developed the habit of building castles.
5.The policeman searched the stockroom only ________( find ) nothing left.
6 .The little boy was frightened__________(jump) into the swimming pool.
7.lt was raining heavily and he could feel the rain___________( drop) on his face.
8.The boss kept his employees_________ ( work ) all day and night.
9.________( lie ) to your parents may cause a bad relationship with them.
10.My father made my elder brother_______(clean)his room.
11.This young boy wants a book________(read ).
12.With the boat______( break), they jumped into the river and swam towards the bank
13.This hair salon is my favorite place to get my hair_____( do).
14._____(see) from space, the Earth is blue.
15.The students were excited_____( go) on a picnic.
16.____ （visit) over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new. (2023年全国乙卷）
标准答案：
1.to be repaired 2. to ask 3. running 4.Living 5.to find 6.to jump 7.dropping 8.working 9.Lying 10.clean 11.to read 12.broken 13.done 14.Seen 15.to go 16. Having visited
非谓语动词
全国卷一轮复习
非谓语动词的3种基本形式
3.过去分词 （done)
2.v+ing 形式
1.动词不定式 to do sth
动词不定式的基本用法：
可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用。
1.做主语： To help each other is good.
如：It is good to help each other.
动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，
主语
不定式作表语
（1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
单句改错
1.My wish is go fishing this afternoon.
To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做
to go
表语
动词不定式在句中作宾语
E.g I decide to study English very hard.
单句改错
1. I want drink a bowl of water now.
2.I hope go shopping with you today.
want to
hope to
宾语
常考接动词不定式的动词有：hope,want,offer,fail,wish,decide,manage,afford to do sth
作定语：
1.动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后。
E.g1. This is the best way to help him. 常考的名词有responsibility, abilty,attempt,chance等等。。。
语法填空：
1.I have a chance___ (go）abroad for further education.
2. A visually-chanllenged man from Beijing recently hiked 40 days to Xian, as a first step____( journey) the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot.（2022年全国甲卷）
2.在 the first/second+n + to do sth... E. g I am the first student to arrive here.
to go
to journey
高考常考点
作状语：动词不定式 to do sth 可以作下列的状语：
1.目的状语： Every morning he gets up very early to read English.
2.表结果状语：I arrived at the station only to find the train had left.
3.表原因状语：I am happy to receive your letter.
单句改错
1. I am delighted receive your letter.
2.I arrived at the station very early only finding the trained had left.
3.For thousands of years, people have told fables ___(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. (2023年全国甲卷）
to receive
to find
to teach
（二）-ing形式 分成现在分词和动名词 区别就是现在分词不可以做主语，但动名词可以！
作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
单句改错：
1. Run is a great exercise.
2. Finish homework on time is necessary for students.
解题实记知识点：动词原形不能做主语。
Running
Finishing
表语：用于主系表结构，解释主语，表示长期性的动作。
E.g My hobby is collecting stamps.
单句改错 ：
Her job is wash and cook.
V+ing 做表语
washing
cooking
作宾语
作及物动词的宾语 E.g She likes drawing very much.
常见动词有 mind;can’t help doing sth;feel like doing sth,succeed in doing sth;look forward to doing sth;pay attention to sth 见优化设计350页
v+ing 做宾语
单句改错
1.I can’t help ____ (smile) when I hear the good news.
2.Look forward to _____ (visit) your hometown.
smiling
visiting
作定语：ing形式作定语用时，v+ing 形式和所修饰的名词是主动，进行的关系如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前；如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。
1.The sleeping child is only five years old.
2.Do you know the man standing at the gate
动名词也可以做定语，表示的是所修饰的名词功能和作用；
比如阅读室 a reading room, drinking water 饮用水等，
V+ing 前置定语
V+ing 后置定语
作状语：翻译，根据非谓语动词短语和主句之间的逻辑关系，判断是何状语从句。
①时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother.
②原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
让步状语从句，伴随状语等等。。。。
过去分词的基本用法：
过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。
过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。
作定语：过去分词作定语时，如果这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后；与所修饰的名词是被动的。
1.The stolen car was found by the police last week.
2.The village surrounded by small lakes.
3.It can help build a community with a ____(share) future for mankind. （2022年全国乙卷）
shared
过去分词作前置定语
过去分词短语作后置定语
作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语。
The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。
The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的
作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, completed, covered等
作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：
When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.
过去分词短语作后置定语
作状语：过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，该结构的逻辑主语一般都是主句的主语
1. Seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.=When it seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.
2.Given more time,we could have done it better.=If I was given more time, we could have done it better.
非谓语动词，被动
非谓语动词，被动
非谓语动词作状语的形式
类别 基本形式
一般式 进行式 完成式
不定式 to do; to be done to be doing
动词—ing形式 doing;being done 无 having done/having been done
过去分词 done
高考非谓语动词必会！
_____ (V), sb/sth +谓语动词
Step1:非谓语动词
step2:判断主被动关系，即非谓语动词的逻辑主语是谁？
主动
被动
step3非谓语动词和谓语动词动作发生的时间
进行时
doing
being done
将来时
to be done
to do
现在完成时
done
having been done
被动，完成
having done
done
一般是主句的主语或者被修饰的名词
基础小测
1.With the car_____(repair), she will go to a local garage.
2.I'm writing this email______(ask ) you for some advice.
3.The young boy is riding a bike with his younger sister_________( run) after him
4.________( live ) by the beach , he developed the habit of building castles.
5.The policeman searched the stockroom only ________( find ) nothing left.
6 .The little boy was frightened__________(jump) into the swimming pool.
7.lt was raining heavily and he could feel the rain___________( drop) on his face.
8.The boss kept his employees_________ ( work ) all day and night.
9.________( lie ) to your parents may cause a bad relationship with them.
10.My father made my elder brother_______(clean)his room.
11.This young boy wants a book________(read ).
12.With the boat______( break), they jumped into the river and swam towards the bank
13.This hair salon is my favorite place to get my hair_____( do).
14._____(see) from space, the Earth is blue.
15.The students were excited_____( go) on a picnic.
16.____ （visit) over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new. (2023年全国乙卷）
标准答案：
1.to be repaired 2. to ask 3. running 4.Living 5.to find 6.to jump 7.dropping 8.working 9.Lying 10.clean 11.to read 12.broken 13.done 14.Seen 15.to go 16. Having visited