北师大版(2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Relationships Grammar 语单元语法词汇练习(含答案)

文档属性

名称 北师大版(2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Relationships Grammar 语单元语法词汇练习(含答案)
格式 docx
文件大小 28.3KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 北师大版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2024-03-13 10:13:52

图片预览

文档简介

Unit 1 RELATIONSHIPS
过去完成时
1.It was the second time that Smith (visit) the Great Wall.
2.I (hope) to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train.
3.I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what (happen).
4.A few weeks before, I (start) writing my term paper. I thought I could finish it by August.
5.The manager got to the company in a hurry, only to find that he (leave) his laptop at home.
6.Tom and his new friend talked as though they ________ (be) friends for years.
7.I arrived at the office in the morning and found that somebody (break) into the office during the night.
8.It was the first time that he (speak) to me in such a tune.
9.The professor was very unhappy when she sold her house. After all, she (live) in it for a long time.
10.One morning she told her children about a family she (visit) the day before.
11.Arriving at the party in a great hurry, we were disappointed to find that the band (stop) playing.
12.Yesterday, the city government rewarded those who (make) contributions to the city’s construction in the last years.
13.It was the first time that Helen (understand) such complex word — word for something she couldn’t touch.
14.I began collecting stamps in May and by November 1 (collect) more than 2,000.
15.We (learn) about 4,000 English words by the end of last term.
16.Tom said he (read) the book twice.
17.It was the first time in half a year that I (see) my classmates face to face.
18.By the time he was 14, he (study) advanced math on his own.
19.By the time he was a teenager, he (enjoy) a reputation as a wonderful musician.
20.By the end of last month, we (donate) nearly $ 1 million to the project.
21.By 1909, Picasso had (establish) himself as a painter of great talent in Paris.
22.Was it the third time that you (get) full marks for maths this term
23.It was the first time that the boy (slip) into the driving seat and closed the door.
24.They began to talk warmly as if they (know) each other for long.
25.By the latter half of the 14th century, English (come)into widespread use among all classes in England.
26.I (hope)that our team would do better this season, but we still didn’t go to the final.
27.I (intend) to help you with your homework, but I was too busy.
28.I (plan)to leave for New York, but the heavy snow forced me to change my mind.
29.Several days (go) before I realized the umbrella was missing.
30.When they found the orphanage, nearly nothing (remain) because of a sudden fire.
31.If we (book) a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in the long queue now.
32.The man (write) about 300 pieces of music till then.
33.The twins, who (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
34.By the time he was 12, he (travel) to many countries.
35.By the time the rescue team arrived, the violent rainstorm (sweep) the whole town, which caused great economic loss and many broken families.
36.Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered,though several of my stories (publish).
37.They (run out) of their water and food, which worried them a lot.
38.Through the doctor’s efforts, the number of people who suffered from cholera (decrease) significantly by the end of last century.
39.Mr Taylor was not bitter towards those who had (oppose) him.
40.How many members had officially (register) in the club by the end of last month
41.By the time of his death in 1884, Gregor Mendel (make) important discoveries about genetics.
42.During the COVID-19 pandemic, many families merely made ends meet. They, nevertheless, (struggle) to live to the full by the end of last year.
43.I wish I (take) your advice last time, and then I wouldn't have been blamed by others.
44.It was the first time that she (leave) China.
45.By the time Henry was 12 years old, he (collect) more than a thousand stamps.
46.By about 6,000 BC, people (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
47.It was the first time that she (chat)online in English.
48.It was the second time that the young athlete (participate) in marathon.
49.He didn’t know what (come) about before he came back.
50.It was the third time that he (organize) such a meaningful activity.
51.The boy was satisfied with the new storybook he (long)for.
52.He (mean) to help me move into a new dorm but he fell ill and didn't come.
53.There was no guarantee that it would work, since no one (attempt) anything similar before.
54.After Tu Youyou (commit)herself to doing medical research for many years, her efforts paid off.
55.Arthur was unhappy because some of his animals (die).
56.When the hurricane ended, several buildings in the town (fall)down.
57.By the end of last year, my father (work)in the factory for twenty years.
58.A spokesman said the other day that the company (say) “sorry” to some underage (未成年的) workers for hiring them.
59.The news came as no surprise to me. I (know) for a while that the project was a great success.
60.(2020北京卷)The Neanderthals (live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.
参考答案:
1.had visited
【详解】考查时态。句意:这是史密斯第二次参观长城。此处为句型it was the second time+that+过去完成时,表示“第二次……”,故填had visited。
2.had hoped
【详解】考查时态。句意:我本来希望昨晚能回来的,但我没赶上火车。根据“but I didn’t catch the train”可知,“我”没能赶上火车,“我”昨晚的希望未曾实现,应用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望,空处应用had done的形式。故填had hoped。
3.had happened
【详解】考查时态。句意:我迅速在人群中搜寻学校的教练,问他发生了什么事。宾语从句谓语动词happen动作发生在主句谓语asked动作之前,即过去的过去,happen时态用过去完成时。故填had happened。
4.had started
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:几个星期前,我开始写我的学期论文,我认为我能在八月前完成。分析句子可知,空处应为谓语动词,根据时间状语“A few weeks before”和过去式“thought”可知,应用过去完成时。故填had started。
5.had left
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:经理匆匆忙忙来到公司,结果却发现他把笔记本电脑忘在家里了。根据语境可知,“忘在家里”这个动作发生在“到达公司”这个动作之前,所以这里表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,且he和leave为主动关系。故填had left。
6.had been
【详解】考查时态。句意:汤姆和他的新朋友交谈起来,好像他们是多年的老朋友似的。设空处为从句谓语,根据for years,应用完成时,主句是一般过去时,所以从句应用过去完成时,故填had been。
7.had broken
【详解】考查时态。句意:我早上到达办公室,发现有人在晚上闯入了办公室。根据句中arrived和found可知,主句使用一般过去时,且结合语意,“有人闯入”发生在“发现”之前,为“过去的过去”,从句应用过去完成时,即had broken。故填had broken。
8.had spoken
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:这是他第一次用这种声调对我说话。分析句子,句中it was the first time that+过去完成时,为固定句型,意为“某人第一次做某事”。故填had spoken。
9.had lived
【详解】考查时态。句意:教授卖掉房子时很不高兴。毕竟,她在那里住了很长时间。分析句子可知,live“居住”是卖掉房子之前发生的动作,是造成她不高兴的原因,因此时态应用过去完成时,空处应用had done的形式。故填had lived。
10.had visited
【详解】考查时态。句意:一天早上,她给孩子们讲了她前一天拜访过的一个家庭。从句表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had visited。
11.had stopped
【详解】考查时态。句意:我们匆匆忙忙地赶到聚会现场,却失望地发现乐队已经停止演奏了。此处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语,由were disappointed可知,主句用的是一般过去时,且“停止演奏”发生在“我们失望地发现”之前,也就是过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故填had stopped。
12.had made
【详解】考查时态。句意:昨天,市政府奖励了过去几年为城市建设做出贡献的人。分析句意可知,“做出贡献”动作发生在“奖励”动作之前,且“奖励”动作为一般过去时,故“做出贡献”动作应为过去完成时。故填had made。
13.had understood
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意:这是海伦第一次理解如此复杂的词语——她无法触摸的东西的词语。固定句型it is/was the first time that+从句,表示“这是第一次做……”,主句用is,从句用现在完成时,主句用was,从句用过去完成时,故填had understood。
14.had collected
【详解】考查时态。句意:我从5月份开始收集邮票,到11月1日已经收集了2000多枚。根据前文句意和时间状语by November 1可知,此处应用过去完成时,表示在过去某时间之前完成的动作。故填had collected。
15.had learned
【详解】考查时态。句意:到上学期末,我们已经学了大约4000个英语单词。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词,根据时间状语by the end of last term可知,此处应为过去完成时,且与主语we之间为主动关系。故填had learned。
16.had read
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:汤姆说这本书他读了两遍。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,根据主句中的谓语动词said可知,此处为过去时态,结合句意,宾语从句的谓语动词read发生在said之前,所以此处应使用过去完成时,且与主语he之间为主动关系。故填had read。
17.had seen
【详解】考查时态。句意:这是半年来我第一次见到我的同学面对面。“It was the first time that...”为固定结构,其中that后的句子用过去完成时。结合上下文可知,主语I与see之间为主谓关系,故该空处填had seen。
18.had studied
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:到他14岁的时候,他已经自学了高等数学。by the time表示“到……为止”,引导时间状语从句时,从句若用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时。故填had studied。
19.had enjoyed
【详解】考查时态。句意:在他十几岁的时候,他已经享有杰出音乐家的美誉。by the time意为“到……为止”,如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时,那么主句中的谓语动词通常用过去完成时,表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去”。故此处应用过去完成时。故填had enjoyed。
20.had donated
【详解】考查时态。句意:截至上个月底,我们向该项目捐赠了近100万美元。空处为句子谓语动词,结合语境和时间状语By the end of last month可知,应用过去完成时,表示过去之前已经完成的动作。故填had donated。
21.established
【详解】考查时态。句意:到1909年,毕加索已成为巴黎一位极有才华的画家。由had可知,本句用过去完成时,所以此处谓语动词应用过去分词与had构成过去完成时,故填established。
22.had got
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:这是你本学期第三次数学得满分了吗?“It is/was the+序数词+time+that从句”为固定句型,其中从句应用完成时态。此处主句的时态是一般过去时,因此从句要用过去完成时。故填had got。
23.had slipped
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:这是男孩第一次溜进驾驶座,关上车门。It was the first time that...句型中,that从句使用过去完成时,固定用法,故填had slipped。
24.had known
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他们开始热情地交谈,就好像他们已经认识彼此很久了一样。此处为as if的引导的虚拟条件句,由They began to talk warmly可知,表示与过去事实相反的假设,应用过去完成时。故填had known。
25.had come
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:截止到14世纪下半叶,英语已在英国的所有阶级中广泛使用。分析句子结构可知,空处缺谓语动词,时间状语是“By the latter half of the 14th century”,“by+过去的时间”作状语时,句子的谓语一般用过去完成时。故填had come。
26.had hoped
【详解】考查动词的时态与语态(过去完成时)。句意:我原本希望我们的球队这个赛季会做得更好,但我们仍然没有进入决赛。had hoped to do sth“本希望做某事”符合句意。故填had hoped。
27.had intended
【详解】考查时态。句意:我本来打算帮你做作业的,但是我太忙了。根据后文I was too busy可知,此处表示“本来想做某事却没做”, 应该用had intended to do表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故填had intended。
28.had planned
【详解】考查时态。句意:我原计划去纽约,但大雪迫使我改变主意。空处在句中为谓语,结合句中“but the heavy snow forced me to change my mind”可知,谓语plan的动作发生在force之前,所以此处的时态为过去完成时,故填had planned。
29.had gone
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:几天过去了,我才发现雨伞不见了。根据句子结构可知,before前是主句,后面是从句。横线上填写谓语动词适当形式,从句中“realized”以及“was missing”可知,事情发生在过去,根据句意可知,主句谓语动词发生在从句谓语动词之前,需要使用“过去的过去”即过去完成时态。故填had gone。
30.had remained
【详解】考查时态。句意:当他们找到孤儿院时,由于突然发生的火灾,几乎什么都没有留下。根据句中found可知,句子描述过去的情况,结合语意,“几乎什么都没有留下”发生在“找到孤儿院”之前,为过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had remained。
31.had booked
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:如果我们早点订了位子,现在就不会排这么长的队了。由earlier和now可知,句子是错综时间条件句,if引导的从句是对过去情况的虚拟,因此空格处所在句子时态用过去完成时,因此空格处是had done,故填had booked。
32.had written
【详解】考查时态。句意:到那时为止,他已经写了大约300首曲子。根据时间状语till then,谓语动词发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故填had written。
33.had finished
【详解】考查时态。句意:这对双胞胎完成了家庭作业,被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句中were allowed可知,主句使用一般过去时,分析句子结构可知,空处在who引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语,且结合语意,“完成”这一动作发生在“被允许”之前,为“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had finished。
34.had traveled/had travelled
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:到他12岁的时候,他已经到过许多国家。分析可知,所填动词作句子的谓语动词,结合时间状语从句“By the time he was 12”可知,应是过去完成时,即“had done”。故填had traveled/travelled。
35.had swept
【详解】考查时态。句意:当救援队赶到时,猛烈的暴雨已经席卷了整个城镇,造成了巨大的经济损失和许多破碎的家庭。分析句意可知,动词sweep“席卷”在句中作谓语动词,根据时间状语By the time the rescue team arrived“当救援队赶到时”,即by 加过去时间可知,谓语动词使用过去完成时。故填had swept。
36.had been published
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:虽然我已经出版了几本小说,但教书却是我从未认真考虑过的职业。分析句子结构可知,此处为从句的谓语动词,结合语境,全文为过去时态,publish发生在主句谓语动词之前,所以应为过去完成时,且与主语为被动关系。故填had been published。
37.had run out/were running
【详解】考查时态。句意:他们的水和食物都(已经/快要)用完了,这让他们非常担心。根据句意可知,此处可以用过去完成时表示在worried 这一动作之前已经用完,还可用过去进行时表示过去将要用完。故填had run out/were running。
38.had decreased
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:通过医生的努力,到上世纪末,患霍乱的人数已显著减少。根据后文by the end of last century可知表示过去的过去应用过去完成时。故填had decreased。
39.opposed
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:泰勒先生对反对他的人并不怀恨在心。分析句子可知,who引导定语从句,从句谓语为过去完成时,构成had done结构,oppose的过去分词为opposed。故填opposed。
40.registered
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:截至上个月底,有多少会员已在俱乐部正式注册?分析句子结构和意思可知,这里有by the end of last month作时间状语,所以谓语用过去完成时,前面已经有助动词had,所以空格处填register的过去分词形式即可。故填registered。
41.had made
【详解】考查时态。句意:Gregor Mendel在1884年去世时,已经在遗传学方面有了重大发现。空处为句子谓语动词,根据时间状语By the time of his death in 1884可知,“重大发现”发生在过去之前,应用过去完成时。故填had made。
42.had struggled/had been struggling
【详解】考查时态。句意:在COVID-19大流行期间,许多家庭只能维持生计。尽管如此,到去年年底,他们仍在努力充实自己的生活。根据by the end of last year可知,空处表示“过去的过去”,也可以表示动作在过去之前一直发生,因此可以使用过去完成时或过去完成进行时。故填had struggled/had been struggling。
43.had taken
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我上次接受你的建议,这样我就不会被别人责备了。虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中,表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式:①表示与现在事实相反的愿望,用过去时:②表示与过去事实相反的愿望,用过去完成时:③表示与将来事实相反的愿望,用could / would+ / might+动词原形。根据“last time”可知,此处表示与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时。故填had taken。
44.had left
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意:这是她第一次离开中国。It was the first time that sb. had done是固定句型,意为“这是某人第一次做某事”,因此空格处是had left,故填had left。
45.had collected
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:到亨利12岁时,他已经收集了一千多张邮票。根据时间状语By the time Henry was 12 years old可知,空处谓语动词应用过去完成时had collected,表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果。故填had collected。
46.had discovered
【详解】考查时态。句意:大约在公元前6000年,人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。“by+过去时间”意为“到……为止”,表示“过去的过去”。后面的句子应用过去完成时,且主语和提示词之间是“主动关系”。故填had discovered。
47.had chatted
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意:这是她第一次用英语在网上聊天。It is the first time + that 从句,从句要用现在完成时; It was the first time + that从句,从句要用过去完成时,故填had chatted。
48.had participated
【详解】考查时态。句意:这是这位年轻运动员第二次参加马拉松比赛。根据句中所含句型It is/was the firs/second...time that...(某人第几次做某事)可知,that从句中应该用完成时,根据句中的was可知,该句子应该用过去完成时。故填had participated。
49.had come
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他不知道在他回来之前到底发生了什么。分析句子可知,此处应填动词作谓语,根据before引导的从句用一般过去时可知,空处的动作发生在before从句动作之前,故空处应用过去完成时。故填had come。
50.had organized
【详解】考查时态。句意:这是他第三次组织如此有意义的活动。此处为句型it was the first/second/third time that+过去完成时。故填had organized。
51.had been longing/had longed
【详解】考查时态。句意:那男孩对他之前一直渴望的新故事书很满意。或者那男孩对他之前渴望的新故事书很满意。由已知动词was satisfied是过去时,故可知本题描述过去的情况,结合句意可知“渴望”发生在“对新故事书很满意”之前,且强调渴望这一动作的持续,此种语境下应该使用过去完成进行时,即had been longing;此外,只强调“渴望”这一动作发生在“对新故事书很满意”可以使用过去完成时,即had longed。故填had been longing或者had longed。
52.had meant
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他本想帮我搬进新宿舍,但他生病了,没来。打算是mean to do,发生在fell和didn't come之前,用过去完成时,表示本打算,但是没做成。故填had meant。
53.had attempted
【详解】考查时态。句意:没有人能保证它会起作用,因为以前没有人尝试做过类似的事情。分析可知,逗号之前为主句,逗号后为since引导的原因状语从句。空白在从句中为谓语,主句为一般过去时,结合从句中before可知,从句讲述“过去的过去”发生的动作,此处要用过去完成时。故填had attempted。
54.had committed
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意:在屠呦呦多年从事医学研究后,她的努力得到了回报。分析句子可知,空格处应填入谓语动词。根据从句中的时间状语for many years和主句的谓语动词paid off可知,从句应用过去完成时。表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”。 故答案为had committed。
55.had died
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:亚瑟不开心因为他的一些动物死掉了。这是复合句,从句是because引导的原因状语从句。主句was unhappy用的过去时,可知,此句是过去的语境。die发生在was unhappy之前,构成过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had died。
56.had fallen
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:当飓风结束的时候,城镇的几栋建筑物倒塌了。when引导的时间状语从句谓语动词ended是过去时,所以此句是过去的语境。房屋倒塌发生在飓风结束之前,构成过去的过去,所以用过去完成时。故填had fallen。
57.had worked
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意:到去年底,我的爸爸已经在工厂工作20年了。for twenty years是表示时间段的时间状语,表示动作的持续性应用完成时。动作从过去持续到现在并且有可能到将来用现在完成时。动作从某一个过去持续到更近的过去用过去完成时。by the end of last year表示动作持续到去年底,是持续到过去的时间,因此用过去完成时。故填had worked。
58.had said
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:一位发言人日前表示,该公司已经就雇佣未成年工人一事向他们道歉。根据句意可知,发言人说话的动作,发生在过去,而公司道歉的动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had said。
59.had known
【详解】考查时态。句意:这个消息对我来说并不意外。我早就知道这个项目取得了巨大的成功。结合宾语从句中的was,可知此处表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had known。
60.lived/had lived/had been living
【详解】考查时态。句意:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年,直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语,结合语意,尼安德特人生活在欧洲这一动作发生在过去,句子使用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式lived;或表示live这一动作发生在灭绝之前,表示“过去的过去”,使用过去完成时had lived;或强调live这一动作是一直正在进行的,使用过去完成进行时had been living。故填lived/had lived/had been living。