备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递专题03： 七选五10篇(第三期)(新高考专用)（含解析）
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备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(新高考专用)
第三期
专题03 七选五10篇
（2023上·云南曲靖·高三曲靖一中校考阶段练习）Many friendships hit rough aspects. Sometimes it is worth the emotional effort to work through your problems, while at other times, especially when a friendship is harmful, it isn’t. 1 Here are some tips for reference.
Reflect and write down the good
Before you face a difficult conversation with a friend, pause and reflect first. Think of a specific moment that this friendship has brought you joy or excitement. Using that memory as inspiration to write down things you appreciate about a friend. 2 Even if there is still tension, that appreciation will go a long way to building mutual understanding.
Choose a different way to communicate
If repair efforts have not worked via your usual tech channels, try another way to communicate. 3 Send some postcards, deliver exquisite handicrafts or mail someone a book you think they would enjoy. Attached with these gifts, a hand-written letter explaining why you think the relationship feels awkward and why you want to repair it is highly recommended.
Follow the red flags
4 for example, your friend bullies you, or you feel misunderstood by them, it might be time to end instead of mend. This indicates evaluating the balance of harm versus good is crucial. In other words, the good does not necessarily outweigh the bad if there’s too much bad. Thus, drop the relationship once you perceive any dangerous sign showing you are being hurt.
Give it time and try again
People differ in how they deal with conflict, so remember that you may need to give a friendship some breathing room before trying again. Friendships may require time to settle back into normal post-conflict and that lasting uncomfortable feelings may require further attention. 5 If the friend would rather not repair, then you can be proud of yourself for acting with integrity. You’re not in control of other people, but on your end, you did all you could.
A．When you realize that friendship is not strong enough,
B．If you notice that friendship is doing more harm than good,
C．People are thrilled to get mail that’s not a catalogue or a bill.
D．How to repair a friendship or leave it behind if it’s poisonous
E．Not all friendships last a lifetime and it’s OK to give up a bad one.
F．It’s also important to remember that you can only do what you can do.
G．Then, sharing that list in conversation with the friend regardless of the outcome.
（2023上·广东江门·高三统考阶段练习）Color is important for all gardens, no matter what size. Kalanchoes(长寿花) offer kinds of colors, from energetic oranges, yellows and reds, to calming pinks and creams. They’re easy to care for. 6 . Here the plant experts reveal five ways to style a small outdoor space.
Be striking. Colorful plants are mood-boosting as well as a great way to lift a small outside space. Kalanchoe is a flowering succulent(多肉) that comes in a range of lively shades and looks delightful when grouped in large pots or window boxes. 7 , or on the other hand soft pinks to feel relaxed.
Think big. When space is limited, people tend to choose lots of small containers, but a few large pots can fool the eye into believing there’s more room than there is. Try planting taller plants, such as roses or hydrangeas, alongside smaller species, like kalanchoes. 8 .
Indoors out. Making your outside space clean needn’t be costly. Houseplants, like kalanchoes, will happily live outside in pots or window boxes from May to September when there is no risk of frost, so you can simply move them outside for a more colorful life.
Make it easy. 9 . Succulents, such as kalanchoes, are perfect for“ hands off” gardeners as they will flower happily in pots on balconies for 100 days with very little watering.
Just choose a sunny spot and away you go!
10 . Place different flowers such as petunias, pansies or kalanchoes into a window box or hanging basket for instant garden attraction. The more unusual kalanchoe varieties, such as “Magic Bells”, with its pretty flowers of pale green, bell-shaped flowers, or “Dorothy”, with its long stems and orange flowers, will add color, interest and texture(质地).
A．Be style smart
B．Not all plants need a lot of attention
C．It is a great choice for the summer garden
D．Choose oranges and reds for an energy burst
E．You can find kalanchoes from most garden centers
F．Thus, you can create depth and a sense of richness
G．Given a little attention, they will reward you much flowering
（2023上·安徽·高三校考阶段练习）People don’t just wake up one day and magically become independent. 11 The following skills can help you do that.
● Learn more about yourself. If you’re filled with the idea of what other people want, you’ll never gain true independence. 12 However, when you value the thoughts and feelings of other people over your own, you weaken your own authority. If you really want to be more independent, it’s necessary to get to know your personality, likes and dislikes, needs and goals.
● Spend time with yourself. Having time alone to build independence seems obvious. 13 Many people struggle to eat alone at a restaurant, go shopping by themselves, or even be at home without another person there. However, part of learning how to become more independent is developing the ability to not only be alone, but to enjoy time with yourself.
● Advocate for yourself. If you constantly bend to what other people expect of you, it will be difficult to feel truly independent. However, you don’t need to be rude in order to advocate for yourself. 14 Standing up for yourself shows that you can have your own back in difficult situations instead of having to rely on someone else.
● 15 Of course, it’s always important to keep supportive people in your life that you can rely on. However, it’s unrealistic to think that they’ll always be there for you in the specific way that you need them to be at the exact time. Building your ability to be there for yourself can help you grow your independence since you won’t need to constantly rely on others for support.
A．Be your own support system.
B．Acknowledge your own ability.
C．However, it is easier said than done.
D．It can be done in a calm yet firm way.
E．It’s not a bad quality to consider the opinions of others.
F．Independence is a quality which takes practice to build.
G．Challenge yourself to think about what you like about yourself.
（2023上·黑龙江大庆·高三铁人中学校考期中）Anxious Animals
Our pets can get stressed by many things such as new places, changes in routine, new people, new additions like a baby or another pet to the home, and loud noises such as fireworks. 16 which can lead to behaviour or health issues in the pet. Experts at national pet charity Blue Cross have put together some top tips on spotting whether your pet is feeling anxious or stressed.
17 :
Yawning
Panting—with a curled tongue
Pacing back and forth
Licking their lips
Ears pinned back
Dilated pupils or red around eyes
Whites of eyes showing (whale eye)
Loss of appetite
Backing away from someone
Tail tucked between their legs
Cowering (shrinking or crouching)
Diarrhoea or more toileting
Shivering (not cold or excited)
Growling, flashing teeth, snapping or biting. 18 .
HOW TO HELP:
Give your pet time away
Avoiding or removing your dog from a stressful situation will help. Create a space away from children or a bed for them where they won’t get disturbed.
Exercise your dog
19 Not only are they good for their physical health but walks will help your dog’s mental well being too by having lots of things to sniff, look at and enjoy.
Stay nice and calm
Many dogs are very sensitive to their owner’s emotions and react to them. If your dog is stressed, keep calm and don’t panic or raise your voice as this might add to your pet’s stress levels.
20
This can help keep their mind focused and distracted from things they find stressful.
A．How to tell if your dog is stressed and what to do
B．Keep your dog entertained
C．Signs a dog might be feeling stressed or anxious include
D．The signs can be easily missed or misunderstood by the animal’s owner
E．These mean they urgently want something to stop
F．As dogs have a strong sense of smell, changes to the smell of their home can concern them as well.
G．Dogs love their walks!
（2023上·四川绵阳·高三绵阳南山中学实验学校校考阶段练习）Here a few famous people may give you some helpful tips on how to choose the right books to read.
● Read books from past eras.
21 Otherwise, you’d be “completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times,” just as Albert Einstein put it. “Somebody who reads only newspapers and books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who dislikes eyeglasses,” he said.
● 22
Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep you from forming a lasting impression. Seneca the Younger suggested that “you must linger (逗留) among a limited number of master thinkers, and digest their works rather than in larger quantities.”
● Shop at secondhand bookstores.
Virginia Woolf believed the works in secondhand bookstores have an attraction. Browsing through these books gives you the chance to run into something that traditional libraries can’t bring to you. 23
● Check out authors’ reading lists.
American philosopher Mortimer J. Adler talked about how to choose books. He attached importance to those that other authors consider worth reading. 24 “Trust their tastes.” said Mortimer.
● Make the final decision by yourself.
25 It’s you yourself who should choose what, how and when to read. Theodore Roosevelt recommended choosing books on subjects that interest you and letting your mood guide you to your next great read.
A．Interest is the best teacher.
B．Great authors are great readers.
C．Leave some room for older works.
D．Learn more about those great authors.
E．Don’t jump too quickly from book to book.
F．There’s no “best books” list that everyone should follow.
G．Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections.
（2023上·云南红河·高三校联考期中）Whether you moved for work, school, or just to explore a new area, moving away from your family can be really hard. 26 Here are five things you can do to help yourself get through the hard time.
Bring along comforts from home. Maybe you have a favorite blanket that you used to sleep with. Maybe you could grab a recipe for your favorite dessert. It won’t be exactly the same, but you can take some creature comforts with you to make yourself feel more at home. 27 If you always had a family dinner on Friday nights, host a dinner with your friends on Friday instead.
Reach out to friends. When you are feeling down, see if a friend wants to go grab a drink or a cup of coffee. Let them know that you are missing your family members, and see if they can relate (有同感). This is especially true if you are in college. 28 Therefore, you will probably be able to relate to each other.
Stay busy. 29 Dive into work, hobbies, responsibilities, and hanging out with friends. Before you know it, you will have been in your new place for 6 months without even realizing it.
30 What’s something you’ve always wanted to try Maybe you’ve never been rock climbing before, or maybe your friend invited you to play video game with them. The fun new avocation can help distract you from your feelings and make you happier in your new place. Joining clubs and interest groups is also a great way to meet new people in a brand-new area.
A．Try out a new hobby.
B．Turn to friends for help.
C．If you feel like you need to cry a little bit, do it!
D．You could also carry on some family traditions.
E．A lot of people around your age leave home for the first time.
F．You won’t have time to be sad if you are engaged with lots of things.
G．Experiencing homesickness after moving away from your family is totally normal.
（2023上·重庆·高三重庆一中校考阶段练习）There is increasing evidence that, unless you are a wheelchair user, sitting down too much can be a risk to your health. The less sitting or lying down you do during the day, the better your chances for living a healthy life.
Sitting for long periods can lead to weakening and wasting away of the large leg and gluteal (臀肌) muscles. If these muscles are weak, you are more likely to injure yourself from falls. 31 Sitting for long periods can also cause problems with your back, especially if you consistently sit with poor posture or don’t use an ergonomically designed chair.
32 This might be because people who spend a lot of time sitting are missing the positive mental effects of physical activity and fitness. If so, getting up and moving may help.
Humans are built to stand upright. Your heart and cardiovascular system work more effectively that way. Your bowel (肠) also functions more efficiently when you are upright.
When you sit, you use less energy than you do when you stand or move. 33 If you spend a lot of time sitting, digestion is not as efficient, so you retain those fats and sugars as fat in your body.
You may be thinking, “I exercise several times per week.” Unfortunately, you cannot undo 8 hours of continuous sitting with a workout. Don’t throw away all that hard work at the gym by hitting the couch for the rest of the day. 34
However, simple modifications to your routine can make a big difference. When you’re tidying up, put items away in small trips rather than taking them all together. Get off the bus one stop early and walk the rest of the way. If you work in an office, stand up while you read emails or reports. Sitting can’t be avoided completely. 35
A．You are advised to exercise hard.
B．Also you may hurt from strains when you do exercise.
C．The effects of too much sitting are hard to reduce with exercise.
D．Moving your muscles helps your body digest the fats and sugars you eat.
E．It is thought that excessive sitting may cause weaker muscles and bones.
F．The risk of both anxiety and depression is higher in people that sit more.
G．Though, it is not too late to add more movement throughout the day.
（2024上·湖南邵阳·高三校联考阶段练习）Having nothing to do, or doing the same task again and again, can certainly be boring. And if you always feel too much boredom, it can even affect your mental health. But does being bored have to be boring
A lack of stimulation (刺激) can lead to boredom—this is when we start to yawn and our mind wanders. 36 But it’s at work where some experts think being chronically (长期地) bored can have damaging consequences.
37 And it is the opposite of “burnout”. Writing for BBC Worklife, Bryan Lufkin says, “This happens when we are bored by our work to the point that we feel it is totally meaningless. 38 ” It can be caused by working in a disappointing environment or feeling under-challenged. Studies show that terrible feelings from boreout can affect workers outside the office and lead to physical illness from insomnia (失眠) to headaches. But Bryan adds that identifying the problem is important for tackling it.
When it becomes extremely boring, some people joke about “dying of boredom”. According to Luis Villazon, writing for the Science Focus website, boredom is just a state of mind which won’t kill you, though it can harm the immune system in some people. He says, “The greatest risk from boredom comes from the things you do to struggle with it. 39 ”
However, some experts say boredom is a natural thing. 40 If we see it as an opportunity, it could encourage our creativity. And if our boredom is at work, it could force us to work more effectively.
A．It can happen at home or at school.
B．Boredom is very harmful to our health.
C．This situation has been termed “boreout”.
D．He says “boreout” can be turned into “burnout”.
E．And they think it should be seen more positively.
F．If our job seems pointless, our tasks could be of no value.
G．For example, people who are easily bored tend to do dangerous sports.
（2023上·河南·高三校联考阶段练习）We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you’re crazy, 41 According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind
My first exposure to positive self-talk was reading The Little Engine That Could. Do you remember that book from your childhood While trying to make it up a big hill, the little engine keeps saying to himself, “I think I can, I think I can.” And of course, he makes it. 42
Positive self-talk is one of the most valuable tools you can use to keep yourself physically and mentally balanced. Many Olympic and professional athletes use it every time they practice or compete.
43 My own personal favorite is “I’m okay”. Back when I was in the movie business. I used to work with the stunt (特技) team. I was told that one of their simple but effective secrets was to stay loose and talk to their body. I had the chance to try it out one day. My apartment was on the second floor of a duplex (复式公寓), and one rainy day I slipped on the top step and started falling over. Then I just kept telling myself, “I’m okay.” 44 There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self-talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured.
Positive self-talk can also help you calm down from anxiety and feel less sad. There was a period of time when I felt upset. Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, “Hi, Barton. You’re going to have a good day today.” 45 When I did it throughout the day, fewer things would bother me, and I became friendlier to myself.
A．In fact, that’s not always the case.
B．Much to my surprise, I was just fine
C．It’s a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember.
D．Instead, there are several different types of self-talk.
E．You know, I was programming my brain to feel good.
F．When it comes to positive self-talk, the simpler, the better.
G．That was an opportunity for me to try something challenging.
（2023上·福建龙岩·高三校考阶段练习）If you’ve ever started an exercise with good faith and enthusiasm, only to be met with disappointment as the scale goes past the weight you started with, you may have had a question: Why does exercise make me gain weight 46 Any post-workout weight gain is most likely the combination of a few factors.
While exercise plays a role in weight control, the other side of the coin is food intake. 47 At this time it’s worthwhile to review the quantity and quality of the food you’re eating. Their post-exercise weight gain could be explained by what and how much you’re eating.
48 If you’re not used to a good workout and then exercise a lot, you could end up making your muscle fibers suffer microtears (微撕裂). It’s the reason why your muscles ache the next day, but over time it leads to muscle growth. However, these microtears can cause swelling (肿胀). 49 In effect, this increased water can be another explanation for after-exercise weight gain.
The other potential explanation comes down to the amount of blood. When you do aerobic exercise, there may be an increase in blood volume, which is essentially an increase in aerobic capacity. Aerobic capacity is a measurement of the maximum amount of oxygen your body can consume while exercising. Muscles need oxygen supplied by blood. 50
What all of this means is that people who have started to work out properly shouldn’t be discouraged from continuing, even if they gain a little weight.
A．You should do exercise.
B．The answer is many-sided.
C．A person notices his weight increasing.
D．When they eat pizza, they’re eating slowly.
E．This in turn leads to extra water staying in the body.
F．There are a few other biological reasons for the weight gain.
G．So the more oxygen a person can consume, the better their strength.
参考答案：
1．D 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了当友谊出现问题的时候，有时费神解决你的问题是值得的，而在其他时候，尤其是当友谊变得有害时，就不值得了。文章给出了如何评估伤害与好处的方法。
1．上文“Many friendships hit rough aspects. Sometimes it is worth the emotional effort to work through your problems, while at other times, especially when a friendship is harmful, it isn’t.(许多友谊都有坎坷之处。有时候，花情感上的努力来解决你的问题是值得的，而在其他时候，尤其是当友谊是有害的时候，它就不值得了)”说明当友谊出现问题时，有些友谊值得花时间修复，而有些确不值得。空处承上启下，承接上文人们对破裂的友谊的两种处理方式，引出对应两种方式的具体阐述。D项“如何修复一段友谊，或者在它有毒的情况下把它抛在脑后？”符合语境。故选D。
2．上文“Using that memory as inspiration to write down things you appreciate about a friend.(利用这段记忆作为灵感，写下你对朋友的感激之情)”说明要写下对朋友的感激之情。空处顺接上文，给出写下感激之情要需要做的事情。G项中的“sharing that list”和前文中的“write down things”相呼应，说明需要和朋友分享你写下的东西。G项“然后，在与朋友的对话中分享该列表，而不管结果如何。”符合语境。故选G。
3．下文“If repair efforts have not worked via your usual tech channels, try another way to communicate. (如果修复工作没有通过您通常的技术渠道发挥作用，请尝试另一种沟通方式)”说明可以通过其他的方式进行沟通。空处给出具体的沟通方式，引出下文其它沟通方式的例子。C项中的“get mail that’s not a catalogue or a bill”和上文中的“try another way to communicate”相呼应，说明人们很高兴收到不是目录或账单的邮件。故选C。
4．根据大标题“Follow the red flags(遵守危险信号)”以及下文“for example, your friend bullies you, or you feel misunderstood by them, it might be time to end instead of mend.(例如，你的朋友欺负你，或者你觉得被他们误解了，也许是时候结束而不是弥补了)”说明要注意友谊变得有害的信号，如果友谊变得有害了，要及时结束而不是去修复。B项中的“friendship is doing more harm than good”和下文中所举例子“your friend bullies you, or you feel misunderstood by them”相呼应，表明如果你注意到友谊弊大于利，就要结束这段友谊了。故选B。
5．上文“People differ in how they deal with conflict, so remember that you may need to give a friendship some breathing room before trying again.(人们在处理冲突的方式上各不相同，所以请记住，在再次尝试之前，你可能需要给友谊一些喘息的空间)”说明如果在友谊上遇到冲突，需要给一些时间缓冲。空处和前文是递进关系，并且引出下文。F项中的also表明这一关系，“you can only do what you can do”和下文“you did all you could”相呼应，说明同样重要的是要记住，你只能做你能做的事。故选F。
6．G 7．D 8．F 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种把长寿花用于设计小型户外花园的方法。
6．由上文“They’re easy to care for. (它们很容易照顾。)”可知，长寿花是很容易养活的。故G选项“Given a little attention, they will reward you much flowering (只要稍微注意一下，它们就会给你很多开花的奖励)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
7．根据下文“or on the other hand soft pinks to feel relaxed (或者另一方面，柔和的粉色让人感到放松。)”可知，本空的内容与下文的意思相反。故D选项“Choose oranges and reds for an energy burst (选择橙色和红色进行能量爆发)”能和下文构成对比，符合题意。故选 D。
8．根据上文“Try planting taller plants, such as roses or hydrangeas, alongside smaller species, like kalanchoes. (尝试种植高大的植物，如玫瑰或绣球花，旁边种植较小的植物，如凤尾花。)”可知，此处建议人们可以种植较高的植物、间植较小的植物。本空承接上文阐明这样做的效果。故F选项“Thus, you can create depth and a sense of richness (因此，你可以创造深度和丰富感)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
9．根据下文“Succulents, such as kalanchoes, are perfect for ‘hands off’ gardeners as they will flower happily in pots on balconies for 100 days with very little watering. (多肉植物，如kalanies，非常适合“放手”的园丁，因为它们可以在阳台上的花盆里快乐地开花100天，只需要很少的浇水。)”可知，不是所有的植物都需要许多关注。故B选项“Not all plants need a lot of attention (并不是所有的植物都需要大量的关注)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选 B。
10．本空位于段首，是对整段的概括。根据下文“Place different flowers such as petunias, pansies or kalanchoes into a window box or hanging basket for instant garden attraction. The more unusual kalanchoe varieties, such as “Magic Bells”, with its pretty flowers of pale green, bell-shaped flowers, or “Dorothy”, with its long stems and orange flowers, will add color, interest and texture(质地). (将不同的花，如矮牵牛花、三色堇或凤尾花放入一个窗框或挂篮中，以立即吸引花园。更不寻常的卡拉凤梨品种，如“魔铃”，其淡绿色的美丽花朵，钟形花朵，或“多萝西”，其长茎和橙色的花朵，将增加颜色，兴趣和质地。)”可知，本段重在强调花园风格。故A选项“Be style smart (风格聪明)”能概括本段，符合题意。故选 A。
11．F 12．E 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些让自己变得独立的技巧。
11．空前“People don’t just wake up one day and magically become independent.(人们不可能某天突然醒来就神奇地独立了。)”说明人不可能突然就独立了，说明独立是需要培养的，F选项“Independence is a quality which takes practice to build.(独立是一种需要实践来培养的品质。)”说明了独立需要实践，需要培养，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
12．空后“However, when you value the thoughts and feelings of other people over your own, you weaken your own authority.(然而，当你把别人的想法和感受看得比自己的更重要时，你就削弱了自己的权威。)”说明了不能过分地看中别人的想法和感受，E选项“It’s not a bad quality to consider the opinions of others.(考虑别人的意见并不是一种坏品质。)”说明了考虑别人的意见并不是一种坏品质，和后文的也不能过分看重别人的想法形成转折，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
13．空前“Having time alone to build independence seems obvious.(有时间独处来建立独立似乎是显而易见的。)”说明独处是很显然需要的，空后“Many people struggle to eat alone at a restaurant, go shopping by themselves, or even be at home without another person there.(许多人在餐馆独自吃饭，独自购物，甚至独自在家都很挣扎。)”说明人要独处其实很难，C选项“However, it is easier said than done.(然而，说起来容易做起来难。)”说明了要独处是很难的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
14．空前“However, you don’t need to be rude in order to advocate for yourself.(然而，你不必为了维护自己而粗鲁无礼。)”说明你不必为了维护自己而粗鲁无礼，因此空格处应该说你可以平静点，D选项“It can be done in a calm yet firm way.(这可以用一种冷静而坚定的方式来完成。)”说明你可以用一种冷静而坚定的方式来维护自己，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
15．空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“Building your ability to be there for yourself can help you grow your independence since you won’t need to constantly rely on others for support.(培养为自己服务的能力可以帮助你培养独立性，因为你不需要一直依赖别人的支持。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要自己支持自己，A选项“Be your own support system.(做你自己的支持系统。)”说明了要自己支持自己，概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选A。
16．D 17．C 18．E 19．G 20．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些帮助宠物缓解焦虑和压力的建议和方法。
16．根据上文“Our pets can get stressed by many things such as new places, changes in routine, new people, new additions like a baby or another pet to the home, and loud noises such as fireworks.”（我们的宠物可能会因为很多事情而感到压力，比如新的地方、日常生活的变化、新的人、新增加的东西，比如家里的婴儿或另一只宠物，以及像烟花这样的噪音。）引出话题，提到宠物会感到焦虑。以及下文“Experts at national pet charity Blue Cross have put together some top tips on spotting whether your pet is feeling anxious or stressed.”（国家宠物慈善机构蓝十字会的专家们整理了一些重要的建议，帮助你发现你的宠物是否感到焦虑或压力。）说明有一些建议可以帮助你发现宠物是否感到焦虑或压力。结合选项D项The signs can be easily missed or misunderstood by the animal’s owner.（这些迹象很容易被动物的主人忽略或误解。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
17．根据下文“Yawning、Panting—with a curled tongue、Pacing back and forth…”（打哈欠、喘气——舌头卷曲、来回踱步……等）一系列的症状表现可知，此处讲的是宠物感到压力或焦虑的症状。结合选项C项Signs a dog might be feeling stressed or anxious include（狗狗感到压力或焦虑的迹象包括）意思一致，为总结该段内容，下文具体举例说明各种症状。故选C项。
18．根据上文“Growling, flashing teeth, snapping or biting.”（咆哮、龇牙咧嘴、撕咬或咬人。）提到狗这一感到压力或焦虑的迹象。结合选项E项These mean they urgently want something to stop.（这意味着它们迫切希望停止某些事情。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选E项。
19．根据该段标题“Exercise your dog”（锻炼你的狗）以及下文“Not only are they good for their physical health but walks will help your dog’s mental well being too by having lots of things to sniff, look at and enjoy.”（散步不仅对狗狗的身体健康有好处，而且会让狗狗有很多东西可以嗅、看和享受，有助于狗狗的心理健康。）可知，该段主要讲的是散步对狗狗的好处。结合选项G项Dogs love their walks!（狗狗喜欢散步！）可知，和该段主旨意思一致，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选G项。
20．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“This can help keep their mind focused and distracted from things they find stressful.”（这可以帮助它们集中注意力，不去想那些让它们感到压力的事情。）可知，讲的是让狗狗感到放松和快乐。结合选项B项Keep your dog entertained（让你的狗狗开心）意思一致，为总结该段内容，下文中的This指的就是标题的内容。故选B项。
21．C 22．E 23．G 24．B 25．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读应该选什么样的书合适以及该去哪儿找到它们。
21．根据本段的主题句“Read books from past eras.(阅读过去时代的书籍。)”可知，本段建议阅读过去时代的书籍，根据空后的“Otherwise, you’d be “completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times,” just as Albert Einstein put it.(否则，正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦所说，你将“完全依赖于你所处时代的偏见和时尚”。)”可知，作者建议读者阅读过去的书籍。C项“Leave some room for older works.(为旧作品留出一些空间。)”也是建议大家阅读旧时代的书籍，符合本段主旨。故选C项。
22．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据下文中的“Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you.(在太短的时间内阅读太多种类的内容会使文章无法给您留下持久的印象。)”可知，在太短的时间内读太多的书就会消化不了其中的知识，不能留下深刻印象，E项“Don’t jump too quickly from book to book.(读完一本书后不要太快地去读另一本)”为祈使句，且与下文表述一致，能概括本段内容。故选E项。
23．根据本段小标题“Shop at secondhand bookstores.(在二手书店购物。)”可知，本段建议去二手书店购书，结合空前的“Virginia Woolf believed the works in secondhand bookstores have an attraction which the usual volumes of the library lack. Browsing through these books gives you the chance to run into something that wouldn’t have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers.(弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫认为，二手书店的作品具有图书馆通常所缺乏的吸引力。浏览这些书让你有机会看到一些不会引起图书管理员和书商注意的东西。)”可知，此处分析了建议去二手书店买书的原因，G项“Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections. (通常，他们在组织藏品时更具选择性。)”承接上文，进一步说明了作者建议读者去二手书店买书的原因，符合语境，故选G项。
24．根据本段小标题“Check out authors’ reading lists.(查看作者的阅读清单)”和空前“He attached importance to those that of her authors consider worth reading.(他重视其他作者认为值得读的那些作品。)”可推知，作者建议读者在选择书籍时可以借鉴书籍作者的阅读清单，阅读他们读过的书，说明作家读过的书好，B项“Great authors are great readers.(好的作家也是好的读者)”，承接上文，与本段的主题吻合，符合语境，故选B项。
25．根据本段小标题“Make the final decision by yourself.(自己做最后的决定)”以及空后“It’s you yourself who should choose what, how and when to read.(阅读内容，阅读方式和阅读时间应由你自己选择)”可推知，想要读什么书，要读多长时间等细节都应该由自己决定，F项“There’s no “best books” list that everyone should follow.(没有人人都应该遵循的“最佳书籍”清单)”也是在表达“读者自由决定自己读什么书”的内容，符合语境，故选F项。
26．G 27．D 28．E 29．F 30．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了缓解离家之后的乡愁的一些方法。
26．上文“Whether you moved for work，school，or just to explore a new area，moving away from your family can be really hard.”（无论你是为了工作、上学，还是只是为了探索一个新的领域，离开你的家庭真的很难）说明离开家去异地工作求学很艰难，G项“Experiencing homesickness after moving away from your family is totally normal.”（离开家后想家是很正常的）衔接上文，说明离家之后的乡愁很常见，并引出下文缓解思乡之情的方法，衔接恰当。故选G项。
27．下文“If you always had a family dinner on Friday nights, host a dinner with your friends on Friday instead.”（如果你总是在周五晚上与家人共进晚餐，那就改在周五与朋友共进晚餐吧）举例说明离家之后，你也可以和朋友一起分享和家人在一起时的传统惯例。D项“You could also carry on some family traditions.”（你也可以继续一些家庭传统）衔接下文恰当。故选D项。
28．根据下文“Therefore, you will probably be able to relate to each other.”（因此，你们可能会彼此产生共鸣）推知，空处提到了一群和你有相同感受的人，E项“A lot of people around your age leave home for the first time.”（很多你这个年纪的人都是第一次离开家）符合题意，引出下文大家能够彼此产生共鸣的结果，衔接恰当。故选E项。
29．下文“Dive into work, hobbies, responsibilities, and hanging out with friends. Before you know it, you will have been in your new place for 6 months without even realizing it.”（投入到工作、爱好、责任中，和朋友出去玩。不知不觉中，你已经在新地方住了6个月了）可知，让自己忙于各种事情之中可以有效缓解思乡之情。F项“You won’t have time to be sad if you are engaged with lots of things.”（如果你忙于很多事情，你就没有时间悲伤）衔接恰当。故选F项。
30．空处为本段主旨句。下文“What’s something you’ve always wanted to try Maybe you’ve never been rock climbing before, or maybe your friend invited you to play video game with them.”（有什么是你一直想尝试的 也许你以前从来没有攀岩过，或者你的朋友邀请你和他们一起玩电子游戏）可知，可以尝试新鲜事物使自己开心，A项“Try out a new hobby.”（尝试一种新的爱好）可以作为本段主旨句。故选A项。
31．B 32．E 33．D 34．C 35．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。越来越多的证据表明，除非你是轮椅使用者，否则久坐会对你的健康造成危害。你在白天坐的或躺的越少，你就越有可能过上健康的生活。文章主要说明了久坐的危害以及补救措施。
31．根据上文“Sitting for long periods can lead to weakening and wasting away of the large leg and gluteal (臀肌) muscles. If these muscles are weak, you are more likely to injure yourself from falls.(长时间坐着会导致腿部和臀肌的衰弱和萎缩。如果这些肌肉很弱，你就更有可能在跌倒时受伤)”以及后文“Sitting for long periods can also cause problems with your back, especially if you consistently sit with poor posture or don’t use an ergonomically designed chair.(长时间坐着也会导致背部问题，尤其是如果你一直以不良的姿势坐着，或者没有使用符合人体工程学设计的椅子)”可知，本句与前后文并列，都是在说明久坐造成的危害。故B选项“而且当你做运动的时候，你可能会因为拉伤而受伤”符合语境，故选B。
32．根据后文“This might be because people who spend a lot of time sitting are missing the positive mental effects of physical activity and fitness. If so, getting up and moving may help.(这可能是因为长时间坐着的人错过了体育活动和健身对心理的积极影响。如果是这样，站起来活动活动可能会有所帮助)”可知，后文提到了久坐错过了体育活动的积极影响，故本句是在说明关于久坐危害的观点。故E选项“人们认为久坐会导致肌肉和骨骼变弱”符合语境，故选E。
33．根据上文“When you sit, you use less energy than you do when you stand or move.(当你坐着时，你消耗的能量比你站着或移动时要少)”以及后文“If you spend a lot of time sitting, digestion is not as efficient, so you retain those fats and sugars as fat in your body.(如果你长时间坐着，消化效率就会降低，所以你会把那些脂肪和糖当作脂肪留在体内)”可知，后文提到了久坐导致脂肪和糖当作脂肪留在体内，可知本句是在说明运动可以消化脂肪和糖。故D选项“运动你的肌肉可以帮助你的身体消化你摄入的脂肪和糖”符合语境，故选D。
34．根据上文“You may be thinking, “I exercise several times per week.” Unfortunately, you cannot undo 8 hours of continuous sitting with a workout. Don’t throw away all that hard work at the gym by hitting the couch for the rest of the day.(你可能会想，“我每周锻炼几次。”不幸的是，你不能通过锻炼来抵消连续坐着的8小时。不要因为一天剩下的时间都躺在沙发上而放弃了在健身房的努力)”可知，上文主要说明了锻炼无法消除久坐的影响，故C选项“久坐的影响很难通过锻炼来减轻”符合语境，故选C。
35．根据上文“However, simple modifications to your routine can make a big difference. When you’re tidying up, put items away in small trips rather than taking them all together. Get off the bus one stop early and walk the rest of the way. If you work in an office, stand up while you read emails or reports. Sitting can’t be avoided completely.(然而，对你的日常生活进行简单的修改就能产生很大的不同。当你在整理的时候，把物品分开存放，而不是放在一起。提前一站下车，然后走剩下的路。如果你在办公室工作，在阅读电子邮件或报告时站起来。坐是无法完全避免的)”可知，上文提到了坐无法完全避免，本句为本段最后一句，说明补救措施：在一天中增加更多的运动。故G选项“不过，在一天中增加更多的运动还为时不晚”符合语境，故选G。
36．A 37．C 38．F 39．G 40．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在工作中无聊会带来负面影响，并指出积极对待无聊可以激发我们的创造力，促使我们高效工作。
36．前文“A lack of stimulation(刺激) can lead to boredom—this is when we start to yawn and our mind wanders. (缺乏刺激会导致无聊——这是我们开始打哈欠和走神的时候。)”讲述了缺乏刺激会让人感到无聊，后文“But it’s at work where some experts think being chronically(长期地) bored can have damaging consequences. (但一些专家认为，长期感到无聊会对工作产生破坏性后果。)”讲述了长期无聊对工作有坏处，空处应承接上文，且与下文形成转折，所以空处应讲述在其他地方感到无聊，A项“这种情况可能发生在家里或学校。”符合题意。故选A。
37．后文“And it is the opposite of ‘burnout’. (这与‘倦怠’相反。)”提到了空处与burnout (倦怠) 相反，C项“这种情况被称为‘闷爆’。”符合题意，选项中的boreout和下文中的burnout相对。故选C。
38．根据前文“This happens when we are bored by our work to the point that we feel it is totally meaningless. (当我们对工作感到无聊，以至于觉得它完全没有意义时，就会发生这种情况。)”可知，空处应进一步解释我们对工作感到没有意义时的情况，F项“如果我们的工作看起来毫无意义，我们的任务可能就没有价值了。”符合题意，选项中的pointless照应前文中的meaningless。故选F。
39．前文“The greatest risk from boredom comes from the things you do to struggle with it. (无聊带来的最大风险来自于你为应对无聊而做的事情。)”讲述了你为打发无聊而做的事情往往有很大风险，空处应进一步对此进行说明，G项“例如，容易感到无聊的人往往会做危险的运动。”符合题意。故选G。
40．前文“However, some experts say boredom is a natural thing. (然而，一些专家表示，无聊是一件很自然的事情。)”讲述了一些专家认为无聊是自然情况，后文“If we see it as an opportunity, it could encourage our creativity. (如果我们把它看作一个机会，它可以鼓励我们的创造力。)”讲述了把无聊看作机会可以激发创造力，由此可知，空处应说要积极看到无聊，E项“他们认为应该更积极地看待它。”符合题意，选项中的they指代前文的some experts，it指代前文的boredom。故选E。
41．A 42．C 43．F 44．B 45．E
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者主要通过自身经历说明了积极的自我对话的好处。
41． 前文提到“We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you’re crazy”（我们都听说过，如果你自言自语，你就疯了。），及空后“According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind”（根据研究，以积极的方式自言自语实际上对你的大脑非常健康）可知，说明以健康的方式进行自言自语是对自身有帮助的，由此判断该空所填内容与前一句构成转折关系，A项“In fact, that’s not always the case.”（事实上，情况并非总是如此）符合文意，与上文构成转折关系。故选A。
42．根据本段中作者讲述的《勇敢的小火车头》这本书的内容可知，小火车头通过自我鼓励成功爬上了大山，这使作者颇受启发。因此，作者认为这是值得我们学习和记住的宝贵经验。C项“It’s a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember.”（这是值得我们学习和记住的宝贵一课。）总结了该段内容，符合文意。故选C。
43．根据空后“My own personal favorite is ‘I’m okay’. ”（我个人最喜欢的口头禅是“我很好”。）可知，作者认为人们在进行积极的自我对话时，表达越简单越好。F项“When it comes to positive self-talk, the simpler, the better.”（当谈到积极的自我对话时，越简单越好。）提到积极的自我对话就是越简单越好，与作者提到的自我对话“我很好”相符，F项符合文意。故选F。
44．根据空后“There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self-talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured.”（我没事我的腿上只有几处抓痕。直到今天，我仍然相信，正是这种简单而积极的自我对话帮助我避免了受重伤。）可知，作者简单的积极自我对话让自己避免了更严重的伤害。B项“Much to my surprise, I was just fine”（令我非常惊讶的是, 我并无大碍）符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
45．根据空前“Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, ‘Hi, Barton, You’re going to have a good day today.’”（每天早晨醒来，我对自己说:“你好，巴顿。你今天会过得很愉快的。”）可知，作者之所以这么做，是在潜意识地让自己变得积极起来，其实是在向大脑发出指令——要让自己感觉很棒。E项“You know, I was programming my brain to feel good.”（我一直在让自己的大脑感觉良好。）提到了作者让自己的大脑习惯积极的做法。符合文意。故选E。
46．B 47．C 48．F 49．E 50．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了运动后体重增加的原因。
46．上文“Why does exercise make me gain weight (为什么运动让我变胖了？)”提出问题，B项“The answer is many-sided.(答案是多方面的。)”回答问题，同时句中“many-sided”照应下文中“a few factors”，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
47．根据下文“At this time it’s worthwhile to review the quantity and quality of the food you’re eating.(在这个时候，回顾一下你吃的食物的数量和质量是值得的。)”中“At this time”可推知，设空句中会创设一种需要去回顾自己食物数量和质量的情景，C项“A person notices his weight increasing.(一个人注意到他的体重在增加。)”符合语境，因为注意到体重增加，所有需要回顾自己食物数量和质量，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
48．根据上文“Their post-exercise weight gain could be explained by what and how much you’re eating.(他们运动后的体重增加可以用你吃什么和吃多少来解释。)”可知，第二段中从食物的角度解释了为什么运动后的体重会增加。F项“There are a few other biological reasons for the weight gain.(体重增加还有其他一些生物学上的原因。)”承接上文，提出导致体重增加的其它原因，与第二段构成并列关系。同时，下文“If you’re not used to a good workout and then exercise a lot, you could end up making your muscle fibers suffer microtears (微撕裂). It’s the reason why your muscles ache the next day, but over time it leads to muscle growth...(如果你不习惯良好的锻炼，然后大量锻炼，你可能会让你的肌肉纤维遭受微撕裂。这就是为什么你的肌肉第二天会疼痛，但随着时间的推移，它会导致肌肉生长……)”正是从生物学的角度来分析体重增加的原因。故选F项。
49．根据下文“In effect, this increased water can be another explanation for after-exercise weight gain.(实际上，这种增加的水分可以解释运动后体重增加的另一个原因。)”中“this increased water”可知设空句中会提到这种增加的水分是什么，E项“This in turn leads to extra water staying in the body.(这反过来又会导致多余的水分留在体内。)”说明了水分的来源，句中“extra water”与下文“this increased water”相照应。故选E项。
50．上文“Muscles need oxygen supplied by blood.(肌肉需要血液提供氧气。)”提出血液需要氧气，G项“So the more oxygen a person can consume, the better their strength.(所以一个人消耗的氧气越多，他们的力量就越强。)”承接上文，说明氧气的作用：增强肌肉力量，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
第三期
专题03 七选五10篇
（2023上·云南曲靖·高三曲靖一中校考阶段练习）Many friendships hit rough aspects. Sometimes it is worth the emotional effort to work through your problems, while at other times, especially when a friendship is harmful, it isn’t. 1 Here are some tips for reference.
Reflect and write down the good
Before you face a difficult conversation with a friend, pause and reflect first. Think of a specific moment that this friendship has brought you joy or excitement. Using that memory as inspiration to write down things you appreciate about a friend. 2 Even if there is still tension, that appreciation will go a long way to building mutual understanding.
Choose a different way to communicate
If repair efforts have not worked via your usual tech channels, try another way to communicate. 3 Send some postcards, deliver exquisite handicrafts or mail someone a book you think they would enjoy. Attached with these gifts, a hand-written letter explaining why you think the relationship feels awkward and why you want to repair it is highly recommended.
Follow the red flags
4 for example, your friend bullies you, or you feel misunderstood by them, it might be time to end instead of mend. This indicates evaluating the balance of harm versus good is crucial. In other words, the good does not necessarily outweigh the bad if there’s too much bad. Thus, drop the relationship once you perceive any dangerous sign showing you are being hurt.
Give it time and try again
People differ in how they deal with conflict, so remember that you may need to give a friendship some breathing room before trying again. Friendships may require time to settle back into normal post-conflict and that lasting uncomfortable feelings may require further attention. 5 If the friend would rather not repair, then you can be proud of yourself for acting with integrity. You’re not in control of other people, but on your end, you did all you could.
A．When you realize that friendship is not strong enough,
B．If you notice that friendship is doing more harm than good,
C．People are thrilled to get mail that’s not a catalogue or a bill.
D．How to repair a friendship or leave it behind if it’s poisonous
E．Not all friendships last a lifetime and it’s OK to give up a bad one.
F．It’s also important to remember that you can only do what you can do.
G．Then, sharing that list in conversation with the friend regardless of the outcome.
（2023上·广东江门·高三统考阶段练习）Color is important for all gardens, no matter what size. Kalanchoes(长寿花) offer kinds of colors, from energetic oranges, yellows and reds, to calming pinks and creams. They’re easy to care for. 6 . Here the plant experts reveal five ways to style a small outdoor space.
Be striking. Colorful plants are mood-boosting as well as a great way to lift a small outside space. Kalanchoe is a flowering succulent(多肉) that comes in a range of lively shades and looks delightful when grouped in large pots or window boxes. 7 , or on the other hand soft pinks to feel relaxed.
Think big. When space is limited, people tend to choose lots of small containers, but a few large pots can fool the eye into believing there’s more room than there is. Try planting taller plants, such as roses or hydrangeas, alongside smaller species, like kalanchoes. 8 .
Indoors out. Making your outside space clean needn’t be costly. Houseplants, like kalanchoes, will happily live outside in pots or window boxes from May to September when there is no risk of frost, so you can simply move them outside for a more colorful life.
Make it easy. 9 . Succulents, such as kalanchoes, are perfect for“ hands off” gardeners as they will flower happily in pots on balconies for 100 days with very little watering.
Just choose a sunny spot and away you go!
10 . Place different flowers such as petunias, pansies or kalanchoes into a window box or hanging basket for instant garden attraction. The more unusual kalanchoe varieties, such as “Magic Bells”, with its pretty flowers of pale green, bell-shaped flowers, or “Dorothy”, with its long stems and orange flowers, will add color, interest and texture(质地).
A．Be style smart
B．Not all plants need a lot of attention
C．It is a great choice for the summer garden
D．Choose oranges and reds for an energy burst
E．You can find kalanchoes from most garden centers
F．Thus, you can create depth and a sense of richness
G．Given a little attention, they will reward you much flowering
（2023上·安徽·高三校考阶段练习）People don’t just wake up one day and magically become independent. 11 The following skills can help you do that.
● Learn more about yourself. If you’re filled with the idea of what other people want, you’ll never gain true independence. 12 However, when you value the thoughts and feelings of other people over your own, you weaken your own authority. If you really want to be more independent, it’s necessary to get to know your personality, likes and dislikes, needs and goals.
● Spend time with yourself. Having time alone to build independence seems obvious. 13 Many people struggle to eat alone at a restaurant, go shopping by themselves, or even be at home without another person there. However, part of learning how to become more independent is developing the ability to not only be alone, but to enjoy time with yourself.
● Advocate for yourself. If you constantly bend to what other people expect of you, it will be difficult to feel truly independent. However, you don’t need to be rude in order to advocate for yourself. 14 Standing up for yourself shows that you can have your own back in difficult situations instead of having to rely on someone else.
● 15 Of course, it’s always important to keep supportive people in your life that you can rely on. However, it’s unrealistic to think that they’ll always be there for you in the specific way that you need them to be at the exact time. Building your ability to be there for yourself can help you grow your independence since you won’t need to constantly rely on others for support.
A．Be your own support system.
B．Acknowledge your own ability.
C．However, it is easier said than done.
D．It can be done in a calm yet firm way.
E．It’s not a bad quality to consider the opinions of others.
F．Independence is a quality which takes practice to build.
G．Challenge yourself to think about what you like about yourself.
（2023上·黑龙江大庆·高三铁人中学校考期中）Anxious Animals
Our pets can get stressed by many things such as new places, changes in routine, new people, new additions like a baby or another pet to the home, and loud noises such as fireworks. 16 which can lead to behaviour or health issues in the pet. Experts at national pet charity Blue Cross have put together some top tips on spotting whether your pet is feeling anxious or stressed.
17 :
Yawning
Panting—with a curled tongue
Pacing back and forth
Licking their lips
Ears pinned back
Dilated pupils or red around eyes
Whites of eyes showing (whale eye)
Loss of appetite
Backing away from someone
Tail tucked between their legs
Cowering (shrinking or crouching)
Diarrhoea or more toileting
Shivering (not cold or excited)
Growling, flashing teeth, snapping or biting. 18 .
HOW TO HELP:
Give your pet time away
Avoiding or removing your dog from a stressful situation will help. Create a space away from children or a bed for them where they won’t get disturbed.
Exercise your dog
19 Not only are they good for their physical health but walks will help your dog’s mental well being too by having lots of things to sniff, look at and enjoy.
Stay nice and calm
Many dogs are very sensitive to their owner’s emotions and react to them. If your dog is stressed, keep calm and don’t panic or raise your voice as this might add to your pet’s stress levels.
20
This can help keep their mind focused and distracted from things they find stressful.
A．How to tell if your dog is stressed and what to do
B．Keep your dog entertained
C．Signs a dog might be feeling stressed or anxious include
D．The signs can be easily missed or misunderstood by the animal’s owner
E．These mean they urgently want something to stop
F．As dogs have a strong sense of smell, changes to the smell of their home can concern them as well.
G．Dogs love their walks!
（2023上·四川绵阳·高三绵阳南山中学实验学校校考阶段练习）Here a few famous people may give you some helpful tips on how to choose the right books to read.
● Read books from past eras.
21 Otherwise, you’d be “completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times,” just as Albert Einstein put it. “Somebody who reads only newspapers and books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who dislikes eyeglasses,” he said.
● 22
Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep you from forming a lasting impression. Seneca the Younger suggested that “you must linger (逗留) among a limited number of master thinkers, and digest their works rather than in larger quantities.”
● Shop at secondhand bookstores.
Virginia Woolf believed the works in secondhand bookstores have an attraction. Browsing through these books gives you the chance to run into something that traditional libraries can’t bring to you. 23
● Check out authors’ reading lists.
American philosopher Mortimer J. Adler talked about how to choose books. He attached importance to those that other authors consider worth reading. 24 “Trust their tastes.” said Mortimer.
● Make the final decision by yourself.
25 It’s you yourself who should choose what, how and when to read. Theodore Roosevelt recommended choosing books on subjects that interest you and letting your mood guide you to your next great read.
A．Interest is the best teacher.
B．Great authors are great readers.
C．Leave some room for older works.
D．Learn more about those great authors.
E．Don’t jump too quickly from book to book.
F．There’s no “best books” list that everyone should follow.
G．Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections.
（2023上·云南红河·高三校联考期中）Whether you moved for work, school, or just to explore a new area, moving away from your family can be really hard. 26 Here are five things you can do to help yourself get through the hard time.
Bring along comforts from home. Maybe you have a favorite blanket that you used to sleep with. Maybe you could grab a recipe for your favorite dessert. It won’t be exactly the same, but you can take some creature comforts with you to make yourself feel more at home. 27 If you always had a family dinner on Friday nights, host a dinner with your friends on Friday instead.
Reach out to friends. When you are feeling down, see if a friend wants to go grab a drink or a cup of coffee. Let them know that you are missing your family members, and see if they can relate (有同感). This is especially true if you are in college. 28 Therefore, you will probably be able to relate to each other.
Stay busy. 29 Dive into work, hobbies, responsibilities, and hanging out with friends. Before you know it, you will have been in your new place for 6 months without even realizing it.
30 What’s something you’ve always wanted to try Maybe you’ve never been rock climbing before, or maybe your friend invited you to play video game with them. The fun new avocation can help distract you from your feelings and make you happier in your new place. Joining clubs and interest groups is also a great way to meet new people in a brand-new area.
A．Try out a new hobby.
B．Turn to friends for help.
C．If you feel like you need to cry a little bit, do it!
D．You could also carry on some family traditions.
E．A lot of people around your age leave home for the first time.
F．You won’t have time to be sad if you are engaged with lots of things.
G．Experiencing homesickness after moving away from your family is totally normal.
（2023上·重庆·高三重庆一中校考阶段练习）There is increasing evidence that, unless you are a wheelchair user, sitting down too much can be a risk to your health. The less sitting or lying down you do during the day, the better your chances for living a healthy life.
Sitting for long periods can lead to weakening and wasting away of the large leg and gluteal (臀肌) muscles. If these muscles are weak, you are more likely to injure yourself from falls. 31 Sitting for long periods can also cause problems with your back, especially if you consistently sit with poor posture or don’t use an ergonomically designed chair.
32 This might be because people who spend a lot of time sitting are missing the positive mental effects of physical activity and fitness. If so, getting up and moving may help.
Humans are built to stand upright. Your heart and cardiovascular system work more effectively that way. Your bowel (肠) also functions more efficiently when you are upright.
When you sit, you use less energy than you do when you stand or move. 33 If you spend a lot of time sitting, digestion is not as efficient, so you retain those fats and sugars as fat in your body.
You may be thinking, “I exercise several times per week.” Unfortunately, you cannot undo 8 hours of continuous sitting with a workout. Don’t throw away all that hard work at the gym by hitting the couch for the rest of the day. 34
However, simple modifications to your routine can make a big difference. When you’re tidying up, put items away in small trips rather than taking them all together. Get off the bus one stop early and walk the rest of the way. If you work in an office, stand up while you read emails or reports. Sitting can’t be avoided completely. 35
A．You are advised to exercise hard.
B．Also you may hurt from strains when you do exercise.
C．The effects of too much sitting are hard to reduce with exercise.
D．Moving your muscles helps your body digest the fats and sugars you eat.
E．It is thought that excessive sitting may cause weaker muscles and bones.
F．The risk of both anxiety and depression is higher in people that sit more.
G．Though, it is not too late to add more movement throughout the day.
（2024上·湖南邵阳·高三校联考阶段练习）Having nothing to do, or doing the same task again and again, can certainly be boring. And if you always feel too much boredom, it can even affect your mental health. But does being bored have to be boring
A lack of stimulation (刺激) can lead to boredom—this is when we start to yawn and our mind wanders. 36 But it’s at work where some experts think being chronically (长期地) bored can have damaging consequences.
37 And it is the opposite of “burnout”. Writing for BBC Worklife, Bryan Lufkin says, “This happens when we are bored by our work to the point that we feel it is totally meaningless. 38 ” It can be caused by working in a disappointing environment or feeling under-challenged. Studies show that terrible feelings from boreout can affect workers outside the office and lead to physical illness from insomnia (失眠) to headaches. But Bryan adds that identifying the problem is important for tackling it.
When it becomes extremely boring, some people joke about “dying of boredom”. According to Luis Villazon, writing for the Science Focus website, boredom is just a state of mind which won’t kill you, though it can harm the immune system in some people. He says, “The greatest risk from boredom comes from the things you do to struggle with it. 39 ”
However, some experts say boredom is a natural thing. 40 If we see it as an opportunity, it could encourage our creativity. And if our boredom is at work, it could force us to work more effectively.
A．It can happen at home or at school.
B．Boredom is very harmful to our health.
C．This situation has been termed “boreout”.
D．He says “boreout” can be turned into “burnout”.
E．And they think it should be seen more positively.
F．If our job seems pointless, our tasks could be of no value.
G．For example, people who are easily bored tend to do dangerous sports.
（2023上·河南·高三校联考阶段练习）We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you’re crazy, 41 According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind
My first exposure to positive self-talk was reading The Little Engine That Could. Do you remember that book from your childhood While trying to make it up a big hill, the little engine keeps saying to himself, “I think I can, I think I can.” And of course, he makes it. 42
Positive self-talk is one of the most valuable tools you can use to keep yourself physically and mentally balanced. Many Olympic and professional athletes use it every time they practice or compete.
43 My own personal favorite is “I’m okay”. Back when I was in the movie business. I used to work with the stunt (特技) team. I was told that one of their simple but effective secrets was to stay loose and talk to their body. I had the chance to try it out one day. My apartment was on the second floor of a duplex (复式公寓), and one rainy day I slipped on the top step and started falling over. Then I just kept telling myself, “I’m okay.” 44 There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self-talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured.
Positive self-talk can also help you calm down from anxiety and feel less sad. There was a period of time when I felt upset. Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, “Hi, Barton. You’re going to have a good day today.” 45 When I did it throughout the day, fewer things would bother me, and I became friendlier to myself.
A．In fact, that’s not always the case.
B．Much to my surprise, I was just fine
C．It’s a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember.
D．Instead, there are several different types of self-talk.
E．You know, I was programming my brain to feel good.
F．When it comes to positive self-talk, the simpler, the better.
G．That was an opportunity for me to try something challenging.
（2023上·福建龙岩·高三校考阶段练习）If you’ve ever started an exercise with good faith and enthusiasm, only to be met with disappointment as the scale goes past the weight you started with, you may have had a question: Why does exercise make me gain weight 46 Any post-workout weight gain is most likely the combination of a few factors.
While exercise plays a role in weight control, the other side of the coin is food intake. 47 At this time it’s worthwhile to review the quantity and quality of the food you’re eating. Their post-exercise weight gain could be explained by what and how much you’re eating.
48 If you’re not used to a good workout and then exercise a lot, you could end up making your muscle fibers suffer microtears (微撕裂). It’s the reason why your muscles ache the next day, but over time it leads to muscle growth. However, these microtears can cause swelling (肿胀). 49 In effect, this increased water can be another explanation for after-exercise weight gain.
The other potential explanation comes down to the amount of blood. When you do aerobic exercise, there may be an increase in blood volume, which is essentially an increase in aerobic capacity. Aerobic capacity is a measurement of the maximum amount of oxygen your body can consume while exercising. Muscles need oxygen supplied by blood. 50
What all of this means is that people who have started to work out properly shouldn’t be discouraged from continuing, even if they gain a little weight.
A．You should do exercise.
B．The answer is many-sided.
C．A person notices his weight increasing.
D．When they eat pizza, they’re eating slowly.
E．This in turn leads to extra water staying in the body.
F．There are a few other biological reasons for the weight gain.
G．So the more oxygen a person can consume, the better their strength.
参考答案：
1．D 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了当友谊出现问题的时候，有时费神解决你的问题是值得的，而在其他时候，尤其是当友谊变得有害时，就不值得了。文章给出了如何评估伤害与好处的方法。
1．上文“Many friendships hit rough aspects. Sometimes it is worth the emotional effort to work through your problems, while at other times, especially when a friendship is harmful, it isn’t.(许多友谊都有坎坷之处。有时候，花情感上的努力来解决你的问题是值得的，而在其他时候，尤其是当友谊是有害的时候，它就不值得了)”说明当友谊出现问题时，有些友谊值得花时间修复，而有些确不值得。空处承上启下，承接上文人们对破裂的友谊的两种处理方式，引出对应两种方式的具体阐述。D项“如何修复一段友谊，或者在它有毒的情况下把它抛在脑后？”符合语境。故选D。
2．上文“Using that memory as inspiration to write down things you appreciate about a friend.(利用这段记忆作为灵感，写下你对朋友的感激之情)”说明要写下对朋友的感激之情。空处顺接上文，给出写下感激之情要需要做的事情。G项中的“sharing that list”和前文中的“write down things”相呼应，说明需要和朋友分享你写下的东西。G项“然后，在与朋友的对话中分享该列表，而不管结果如何。”符合语境。故选G。
3．下文“If repair efforts have not worked via your usual tech channels, try another way to communicate. (如果修复工作没有通过您通常的技术渠道发挥作用，请尝试另一种沟通方式)”说明可以通过其他的方式进行沟通。空处给出具体的沟通方式，引出下文其它沟通方式的例子。C项中的“get mail that’s not a catalogue or a bill”和上文中的“try another way to communicate”相呼应，说明人们很高兴收到不是目录或账单的邮件。故选C。
4．根据大标题“Follow the red flags(遵守危险信号)”以及下文“for example, your friend bullies you, or you feel misunderstood by them, it might be time to end instead of mend.(例如，你的朋友欺负你，或者你觉得被他们误解了，也许是时候结束而不是弥补了)”说明要注意友谊变得有害的信号，如果友谊变得有害了，要及时结束而不是去修复。B项中的“friendship is doing more harm than good”和下文中所举例子“your friend bullies you, or you feel misunderstood by them”相呼应，表明如果你注意到友谊弊大于利，就要结束这段友谊了。故选B。
5．上文“People differ in how they deal with conflict, so remember that you may need to give a friendship some breathing room before trying again.(人们在处理冲突的方式上各不相同，所以请记住，在再次尝试之前，你可能需要给友谊一些喘息的空间)”说明如果在友谊上遇到冲突，需要给一些时间缓冲。空处和前文是递进关系，并且引出下文。F项中的also表明这一关系，“you can only do what you can do”和下文“you did all you could”相呼应，说明同样重要的是要记住，你只能做你能做的事。故选F。
6．G 7．D 8．F 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种把长寿花用于设计小型户外花园的方法。
6．由上文“They’re easy to care for. (它们很容易照顾。)”可知，长寿花是很容易养活的。故G选项“Given a little attention, they will reward you much flowering (只要稍微注意一下，它们就会给你很多开花的奖励)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
7．根据下文“or on the other hand soft pinks to feel relaxed (或者另一方面，柔和的粉色让人感到放松。)”可知，本空的内容与下文的意思相反。故D选项“Choose oranges and reds for an energy burst (选择橙色和红色进行能量爆发)”能和下文构成对比，符合题意。故选 D。
8．根据上文“Try planting taller plants, such as roses or hydrangeas, alongside smaller species, like kalanchoes. (尝试种植高大的植物，如玫瑰或绣球花，旁边种植较小的植物，如凤尾花。)”可知，此处建议人们可以种植较高的植物、间植较小的植物。本空承接上文阐明这样做的效果。故F选项“Thus, you can create depth and a sense of richness (因此，你可以创造深度和丰富感)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
9．根据下文“Succulents, such as kalanchoes, are perfect for ‘hands off’ gardeners as they will flower happily in pots on balconies for 100 days with very little watering. (多肉植物，如kalanies，非常适合“放手”的园丁，因为它们可以在阳台上的花盆里快乐地开花100天，只需要很少的浇水。)”可知，不是所有的植物都需要许多关注。故B选项“Not all plants need a lot of attention (并不是所有的植物都需要大量的关注)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选 B。
10．本空位于段首，是对整段的概括。根据下文“Place different flowers such as petunias, pansies or kalanchoes into a window box or hanging basket for instant garden attraction. The more unusual kalanchoe varieties, such as “Magic Bells”, with its pretty flowers of pale green, bell-shaped flowers, or “Dorothy”, with its long stems and orange flowers, will add color, interest and texture(质地). (将不同的花，如矮牵牛花、三色堇或凤尾花放入一个窗框或挂篮中，以立即吸引花园。更不寻常的卡拉凤梨品种，如“魔铃”，其淡绿色的美丽花朵，钟形花朵，或“多萝西”，其长茎和橙色的花朵，将增加颜色，兴趣和质地。)”可知，本段重在强调花园风格。故A选项“Be style smart (风格聪明)”能概括本段，符合题意。故选 A。
11．F 12．E 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些让自己变得独立的技巧。
11．空前“People don’t just wake up one day and magically become independent.(人们不可能某天突然醒来就神奇地独立了。)”说明人不可能突然就独立了，说明独立是需要培养的，F选项“Independence is a quality which takes practice to build.(独立是一种需要实践来培养的品质。)”说明了独立需要实践，需要培养，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
12．空后“However, when you value the thoughts and feelings of other people over your own, you weaken your own authority.(然而，当你把别人的想法和感受看得比自己的更重要时，你就削弱了自己的权威。)”说明了不能过分地看中别人的想法和感受，E选项“It’s not a bad quality to consider the opinions of others.(考虑别人的意见并不是一种坏品质。)”说明了考虑别人的意见并不是一种坏品质，和后文的也不能过分看重别人的想法形成转折，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
13．空前“Having time alone to build independence seems obvious.(有时间独处来建立独立似乎是显而易见的。)”说明独处是很显然需要的，空后“Many people struggle to eat alone at a restaurant, go shopping by themselves, or even be at home without another person there.(许多人在餐馆独自吃饭，独自购物，甚至独自在家都很挣扎。)”说明人要独处其实很难，C选项“However, it is easier said than done.(然而，说起来容易做起来难。)”说明了要独处是很难的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
14．空前“However, you don’t need to be rude in order to advocate for yourself.(然而，你不必为了维护自己而粗鲁无礼。)”说明你不必为了维护自己而粗鲁无礼，因此空格处应该说你可以平静点，D选项“It can be done in a calm yet firm way.(这可以用一种冷静而坚定的方式来完成。)”说明你可以用一种冷静而坚定的方式来维护自己，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
15．空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“Building your ability to be there for yourself can help you grow your independence since you won’t need to constantly rely on others for support.(培养为自己服务的能力可以帮助你培养独立性，因为你不需要一直依赖别人的支持。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要自己支持自己，A选项“Be your own support system.(做你自己的支持系统。)”说明了要自己支持自己，概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选A。
16．D 17．C 18．E 19．G 20．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些帮助宠物缓解焦虑和压力的建议和方法。
16．根据上文“Our pets can get stressed by many things such as new places, changes in routine, new people, new additions like a baby or another pet to the home, and loud noises such as fireworks.”（我们的宠物可能会因为很多事情而感到压力，比如新的地方、日常生活的变化、新的人、新增加的东西，比如家里的婴儿或另一只宠物，以及像烟花这样的噪音。）引出话题，提到宠物会感到焦虑。以及下文“Experts at national pet charity Blue Cross have put together some top tips on spotting whether your pet is feeling anxious or stressed.”（国家宠物慈善机构蓝十字会的专家们整理了一些重要的建议，帮助你发现你的宠物是否感到焦虑或压力。）说明有一些建议可以帮助你发现宠物是否感到焦虑或压力。结合选项D项The signs can be easily missed or misunderstood by the animal’s owner.（这些迹象很容易被动物的主人忽略或误解。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
17．根据下文“Yawning、Panting—with a curled tongue、Pacing back and forth…”（打哈欠、喘气——舌头卷曲、来回踱步……等）一系列的症状表现可知，此处讲的是宠物感到压力或焦虑的症状。结合选项C项Signs a dog might be feeling stressed or anxious include（狗狗感到压力或焦虑的迹象包括）意思一致，为总结该段内容，下文具体举例说明各种症状。故选C项。
18．根据上文“Growling, flashing teeth, snapping or biting.”（咆哮、龇牙咧嘴、撕咬或咬人。）提到狗这一感到压力或焦虑的迹象。结合选项E项These mean they urgently want something to stop.（这意味着它们迫切希望停止某些事情。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选E项。
19．根据该段标题“Exercise your dog”（锻炼你的狗）以及下文“Not only are they good for their physical health but walks will help your dog’s mental well being too by having lots of things to sniff, look at and enjoy.”（散步不仅对狗狗的身体健康有好处，而且会让狗狗有很多东西可以嗅、看和享受，有助于狗狗的心理健康。）可知，该段主要讲的是散步对狗狗的好处。结合选项G项Dogs love their walks!（狗狗喜欢散步！）可知，和该段主旨意思一致，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选G项。
20．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“This can help keep their mind focused and distracted from things they find stressful.”（这可以帮助它们集中注意力，不去想那些让它们感到压力的事情。）可知，讲的是让狗狗感到放松和快乐。结合选项B项Keep your dog entertained（让你的狗狗开心）意思一致，为总结该段内容，下文中的This指的就是标题的内容。故选B项。
21．C 22．E 23．G 24．B 25．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读应该选什么样的书合适以及该去哪儿找到它们。
21．根据本段的主题句“Read books from past eras.(阅读过去时代的书籍。)”可知，本段建议阅读过去时代的书籍，根据空后的“Otherwise, you’d be “completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times,” just as Albert Einstein put it.(否则，正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦所说，你将“完全依赖于你所处时代的偏见和时尚”。)”可知，作者建议读者阅读过去的书籍。C项“Leave some room for older works.(为旧作品留出一些空间。)”也是建议大家阅读旧时代的书籍，符合本段主旨。故选C项。
22．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据下文中的“Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you.(在太短的时间内阅读太多种类的内容会使文章无法给您留下持久的印象。)”可知，在太短的时间内读太多的书就会消化不了其中的知识，不能留下深刻印象，E项“Don’t jump too quickly from book to book.(读完一本书后不要太快地去读另一本)”为祈使句，且与下文表述一致，能概括本段内容。故选E项。
23．根据本段小标题“Shop at secondhand bookstores.(在二手书店购物。)”可知，本段建议去二手书店购书，结合空前的“Virginia Woolf believed the works in secondhand bookstores have an attraction which the usual volumes of the library lack. Browsing through these books gives you the chance to run into something that wouldn’t have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers.(弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫认为，二手书店的作品具有图书馆通常所缺乏的吸引力。浏览这些书让你有机会看到一些不会引起图书管理员和书商注意的东西。)”可知，此处分析了建议去二手书店买书的原因，G项“Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections. (通常，他们在组织藏品时更具选择性。)”承接上文，进一步说明了作者建议读者去二手书店买书的原因，符合语境，故选G项。
24．根据本段小标题“Check out authors’ reading lists.(查看作者的阅读清单)”和空前“He attached importance to those that of her authors consider worth reading.(他重视其他作者认为值得读的那些作品。)”可推知，作者建议读者在选择书籍时可以借鉴书籍作者的阅读清单，阅读他们读过的书，说明作家读过的书好，B项“Great authors are great readers.(好的作家也是好的读者)”，承接上文，与本段的主题吻合，符合语境，故选B项。
25．根据本段小标题“Make the final decision by yourself.(自己做最后的决定)”以及空后“It’s you yourself who should choose what, how and when to read.(阅读内容，阅读方式和阅读时间应由你自己选择)”可推知，想要读什么书，要读多长时间等细节都应该由自己决定，F项“There’s no “best books” list that everyone should follow.(没有人人都应该遵循的“最佳书籍”清单)”也是在表达“读者自由决定自己读什么书”的内容，符合语境，故选F项。
26．G 27．D 28．E 29．F 30．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了缓解离家之后的乡愁的一些方法。
26．上文“Whether you moved for work，school，or just to explore a new area，moving away from your family can be really hard.”（无论你是为了工作、上学，还是只是为了探索一个新的领域，离开你的家庭真的很难）说明离开家去异地工作求学很艰难，G项“Experiencing homesickness after moving away from your family is totally normal.”（离开家后想家是很正常的）衔接上文，说明离家之后的乡愁很常见，并引出下文缓解思乡之情的方法，衔接恰当。故选G项。
27．下文“If you always had a family dinner on Friday nights, host a dinner with your friends on Friday instead.”（如果你总是在周五晚上与家人共进晚餐，那就改在周五与朋友共进晚餐吧）举例说明离家之后，你也可以和朋友一起分享和家人在一起时的传统惯例。D项“You could also carry on some family traditions.”（你也可以继续一些家庭传统）衔接下文恰当。故选D项。
28．根据下文“Therefore, you will probably be able to relate to each other.”（因此，你们可能会彼此产生共鸣）推知，空处提到了一群和你有相同感受的人，E项“A lot of people around your age leave home for the first time.”（很多你这个年纪的人都是第一次离开家）符合题意，引出下文大家能够彼此产生共鸣的结果，衔接恰当。故选E项。
29．下文“Dive into work, hobbies, responsibilities, and hanging out with friends. Before you know it, you will have been in your new place for 6 months without even realizing it.”（投入到工作、爱好、责任中，和朋友出去玩。不知不觉中，你已经在新地方住了6个月了）可知，让自己忙于各种事情之中可以有效缓解思乡之情。F项“You won’t have time to be sad if you are engaged with lots of things.”（如果你忙于很多事情，你就没有时间悲伤）衔接恰当。故选F项。
30．空处为本段主旨句。下文“What’s something you’ve always wanted to try Maybe you’ve never been rock climbing before, or maybe your friend invited you to play video game with them.”（有什么是你一直想尝试的 也许你以前从来没有攀岩过，或者你的朋友邀请你和他们一起玩电子游戏）可知，可以尝试新鲜事物使自己开心，A项“Try out a new hobby.”（尝试一种新的爱好）可以作为本段主旨句。故选A项。
31．B 32．E 33．D 34．C 35．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。越来越多的证据表明，除非你是轮椅使用者，否则久坐会对你的健康造成危害。你在白天坐的或躺的越少，你就越有可能过上健康的生活。文章主要说明了久坐的危害以及补救措施。
31．根据上文“Sitting for long periods can lead to weakening and wasting away of the large leg and gluteal (臀肌) muscles. If these muscles are weak, you are more likely to injure yourself from falls.(长时间坐着会导致腿部和臀肌的衰弱和萎缩。如果这些肌肉很弱，你就更有可能在跌倒时受伤)”以及后文“Sitting for long periods can also cause problems with your back, especially if you consistently sit with poor posture or don’t use an ergonomically designed chair.(长时间坐着也会导致背部问题，尤其是如果你一直以不良的姿势坐着，或者没有使用符合人体工程学设计的椅子)”可知，本句与前后文并列，都是在说明久坐造成的危害。故B选项“而且当你做运动的时候，你可能会因为拉伤而受伤”符合语境，故选B。
32．根据后文“This might be because people who spend a lot of time sitting are missing the positive mental effects of physical activity and fitness. If so, getting up and moving may help.(这可能是因为长时间坐着的人错过了体育活动和健身对心理的积极影响。如果是这样，站起来活动活动可能会有所帮助)”可知，后文提到了久坐错过了体育活动的积极影响，故本句是在说明关于久坐危害的观点。故E选项“人们认为久坐会导致肌肉和骨骼变弱”符合语境，故选E。
33．根据上文“When you sit, you use less energy than you do when you stand or move.(当你坐着时，你消耗的能量比你站着或移动时要少)”以及后文“If you spend a lot of time sitting, digestion is not as efficient, so you retain those fats and sugars as fat in your body.(如果你长时间坐着，消化效率就会降低，所以你会把那些脂肪和糖当作脂肪留在体内)”可知，后文提到了久坐导致脂肪和糖当作脂肪留在体内，可知本句是在说明运动可以消化脂肪和糖。故D选项“运动你的肌肉可以帮助你的身体消化你摄入的脂肪和糖”符合语境，故选D。
34．根据上文“You may be thinking, “I exercise several times per week.” Unfortunately, you cannot undo 8 hours of continuous sitting with a workout. Don’t throw away all that hard work at the gym by hitting the couch for the rest of the day.(你可能会想，“我每周锻炼几次。”不幸的是，你不能通过锻炼来抵消连续坐着的8小时。不要因为一天剩下的时间都躺在沙发上而放弃了在健身房的努力)”可知，上文主要说明了锻炼无法消除久坐的影响，故C选项“久坐的影响很难通过锻炼来减轻”符合语境，故选C。
35．根据上文“However, simple modifications to your routine can make a big difference. When you’re tidying up, put items away in small trips rather than taking them all together. Get off the bus one stop early and walk the rest of the way. If you work in an office, stand up while you read emails or reports. Sitting can’t be avoided completely.(然而，对你的日常生活进行简单的修改就能产生很大的不同。当你在整理的时候，把物品分开存放，而不是放在一起。提前一站下车，然后走剩下的路。如果你在办公室工作，在阅读电子邮件或报告时站起来。坐是无法完全避免的)”可知，上文提到了坐无法完全避免，本句为本段最后一句，说明补救措施：在一天中增加更多的运动。故G选项“不过，在一天中增加更多的运动还为时不晚”符合语境，故选G。
36．A 37．C 38．F 39．G 40．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在工作中无聊会带来负面影响，并指出积极对待无聊可以激发我们的创造力，促使我们高效工作。
36．前文“A lack of stimulation(刺激) can lead to boredom—this is when we start to yawn and our mind wanders. (缺乏刺激会导致无聊——这是我们开始打哈欠和走神的时候。)”讲述了缺乏刺激会让人感到无聊，后文“But it’s at work where some experts think being chronically(长期地) bored can have damaging consequences. (但一些专家认为，长期感到无聊会对工作产生破坏性后果。)”讲述了长期无聊对工作有坏处，空处应承接上文，且与下文形成转折，所以空处应讲述在其他地方感到无聊，A项“这种情况可能发生在家里或学校。”符合题意。故选A。
37．后文“And it is the opposite of ‘burnout’. (这与‘倦怠’相反。)”提到了空处与burnout (倦怠) 相反，C项“这种情况被称为‘闷爆’。”符合题意，选项中的boreout和下文中的burnout相对。故选C。
38．根据前文“This happens when we are bored by our work to the point that we feel it is totally meaningless. (当我们对工作感到无聊，以至于觉得它完全没有意义时，就会发生这种情况。)”可知，空处应进一步解释我们对工作感到没有意义时的情况，F项“如果我们的工作看起来毫无意义，我们的任务可能就没有价值了。”符合题意，选项中的pointless照应前文中的meaningless。故选F。
39．前文“The greatest risk from boredom comes from the things you do to struggle with it. (无聊带来的最大风险来自于你为应对无聊而做的事情。)”讲述了你为打发无聊而做的事情往往有很大风险，空处应进一步对此进行说明，G项“例如，容易感到无聊的人往往会做危险的运动。”符合题意。故选G。
40．前文“However, some experts say boredom is a natural thing. (然而，一些专家表示，无聊是一件很自然的事情。)”讲述了一些专家认为无聊是自然情况，后文“If we see it as an opportunity, it could encourage our creativity. (如果我们把它看作一个机会，它可以鼓励我们的创造力。)”讲述了把无聊看作机会可以激发创造力，由此可知，空处应说要积极看到无聊，E项“他们认为应该更积极地看待它。”符合题意，选项中的they指代前文的some experts，it指代前文的boredom。故选E。
41．A 42．C 43．F 44．B 45．E
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者主要通过自身经历说明了积极的自我对话的好处。
41． 前文提到“We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you’re crazy”（我们都听说过，如果你自言自语，你就疯了。），及空后“According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind”（根据研究，以积极的方式自言自语实际上对你的大脑非常健康）可知，说明以健康的方式进行自言自语是对自身有帮助的，由此判断该空所填内容与前一句构成转折关系，A项“In fact, that’s not always the case.”（事实上，情况并非总是如此）符合文意，与上文构成转折关系。故选A。
42．根据本段中作者讲述的《勇敢的小火车头》这本书的内容可知，小火车头通过自我鼓励成功爬上了大山，这使作者颇受启发。因此，作者认为这是值得我们学习和记住的宝贵经验。C项“It’s a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember.”（这是值得我们学习和记住的宝贵一课。）总结了该段内容，符合文意。故选C。
43．根据空后“My own personal favorite is ‘I’m okay’. ”（我个人最喜欢的口头禅是“我很好”。）可知，作者认为人们在进行积极的自我对话时，表达越简单越好。F项“When it comes to positive self-talk, the simpler, the better.”（当谈到积极的自我对话时，越简单越好。）提到积极的自我对话就是越简单越好，与作者提到的自我对话“我很好”相符，F项符合文意。故选F。
44．根据空后“There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self-talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured.”（我没事我的腿上只有几处抓痕。直到今天，我仍然相信，正是这种简单而积极的自我对话帮助我避免了受重伤。）可知，作者简单的积极自我对话让自己避免了更严重的伤害。B项“Much to my surprise, I was just fine”（令我非常惊讶的是, 我并无大碍）符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
45．根据空前“Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, ‘Hi, Barton, You’re going to have a good day today.’”（每天早晨醒来，我对自己说:“你好，巴顿。你今天会过得很愉快的。”）可知，作者之所以这么做，是在潜意识地让自己变得积极起来，其实是在向大脑发出指令——要让自己感觉很棒。E项“You know, I was programming my brain to feel good.”（我一直在让自己的大脑感觉良好。）提到了作者让自己的大脑习惯积极的做法。符合文意。故选E。
46．B 47．C 48．F 49．E 50．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了运动后体重增加的原因。
46．上文“Why does exercise make me gain weight (为什么运动让我变胖了？)”提出问题，B项“The answer is many-sided.(答案是多方面的。)”回答问题，同时句中“many-sided”照应下文中“a few factors”，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
47．根据下文“At this time it’s worthwhile to review the quantity and quality of the food you’re eating.(在这个时候，回顾一下你吃的食物的数量和质量是值得的。)”中“At this time”可推知，设空句中会创设一种需要去回顾自己食物数量和质量的情景，C项“A person notices his weight increasing.(一个人注意到他的体重在增加。)”符合语境，因为注意到体重增加，所有需要回顾自己食物数量和质量，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
48．根据上文“Their post-exercise weight gain could be explained by what and how much you’re eating.(他们运动后的体重增加可以用你吃什么和吃多少来解释。)”可知，第二段中从食物的角度解释了为什么运动后的体重会增加。F项“There are a few other biological reasons for the weight gain.(体重增加还有其他一些生物学上的原因。)”承接上文，提出导致体重增加的其它原因，与第二段构成并列关系。同时，下文“If you’re not used to a good workout and then exercise a lot, you could end up making your muscle fibers suffer microtears (微撕裂). It’s the reason why your muscles ache the next day, but over time it leads to muscle growth...(如果你不习惯良好的锻炼，然后大量锻炼，你可能会让你的肌肉纤维遭受微撕裂。这就是为什么你的肌肉第二天会疼痛，但随着时间的推移，它会导致肌肉生长……)”正是从生物学的角度来分析体重增加的原因。故选F项。
49．根据下文“In effect, this increased water can be another explanation for after-exercise weight gain.(实际上，这种增加的水分可以解释运动后体重增加的另一个原因。)”中“this increased water”可知设空句中会提到这种增加的水分是什么，E项“This in turn leads to extra water staying in the body.(这反过来又会导致多余的水分留在体内。)”说明了水分的来源，句中“extra water”与下文“this increased water”相照应。故选E项。
50．上文“Muscles need oxygen supplied by blood.(肌肉需要血液提供氧气。)”提出血液需要氧气，G项“So the more oxygen a person can consume, the better their strength.(所以一个人消耗的氧气越多，他们的力量就越强。)”承接上文，说明氧气的作用：增强肌肉力量，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。