备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递专题05： 阅读理解之说明文10篇(第三期)(新高考专用)（含解析）
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备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(新高考专用)
第三期
专题05 阅读理解之说明文10篇
（2023上·湖南岳阳·高三校联考阶段练习）Katya Echazarreta recently made history as the first Mexican-born American woman and one of the youngest women ever to fly to space—a lifelong dream she was able to accomplish at only 26 years old.
On June 4, Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin rocket carried its fifth group of passengers to the edge of space and Katya got an opportunity to apply for one of the six seats through a nonprofit called Space for Humanity. The previous flights had been all filled to capacity.
The organization’s goal is to send passengers to space and allow them to experience the “overview effect”, a phenomenon astronauts have described after looking down at the Earth from the outside. “They recognize that, as humans, our commonalities far outweigh our differences,” Space for Humanity says on its website.
Katya, an electrical engineer originally from Guadalajara, Mexico, was selected for the trip from a pool of 7,000 applicants from more than 100 countries based on her outstanding achievements in the space industry, and this met their requirement—sending “exceptional leaders” to experience. After going through training, she and her five fellow passengers took off from Blue Origin’s launch facility in West Texas. The spacecraft took them 62 miles above the Earth’s surface, giving them a few minutes of weightlessness before a descent (下降) back to a parachute landing.
“The trip up was the most fascinating experience because a lot of us are used to traveling horizontally. But when you’ re in a rocket, you’ re going up vertically (垂直地) and that feels very strange,” Echazarreta said. “Seeing the Earth from the outside, I feel it really puts things into perspective. Everything that we’ve ever experienced—all of your problems, and all of your obstacles—and everything that feels like the end of the world to us sometimes, are all there. It feels so big to us, and yet it’s not, because I just left in a matter of minutes.”
1．What can we know about Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin rocket
A．It has made history in space exploration. B．It only provides seats for the young.
C．It helps women to realize their dream. D．It has flown about 30 passengers to space.
2．What does Space for Humanity aim to do
A．Promote the development of space industry.
B．Send technology pioneers to live in space.
C．Let the passengers feel the overview effect.
D．Describe the phenomenon astronauts experience.
3．What may be one of the standards of the participants
A．Being wise. B．Being young.
C．Being brave. D．Being distinguished.
4．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Katya’s insight into the space trip. B．Katya’s trip that goes up vertically.
C．All the challenges facing Katya. D．Katya’s explanation for her motivation.
（2023上·浙江绍兴·高三统考阶段练习）As vast fields surrounding Beijing and Shanghai transformed into towering skyscrapers, and old bicycles gave way to motor vehicles, the essence of music communication remained unchanged over these shifts.
“I’ll never forget that I’ve never seen so many bicycles in my life,” Philadelphia Orchestra violinist Davyd Booth said, recalling his first tour in China 50 years ago. “Everyone rode a bicycle. There were literally hundreds, thousands.”
This month, 14 musicians from the Philadelphia Orchestra, including Booth, are returning to China, with performances scheduled in Beijing, Tianjin, Suzhou and Shanghai. The tour marks the 50th anniversary (周年纪念日) of their first visit in the 1970s, celebrating the unique friendship between China and the United States. Over the years, the orchestra (管弦乐团) has strengthened connections across China, with concerts and residencies that facilitate meaningful people-to-people interactions.
Booth said the 1973 tour was his first international trip with the orchestra. He considered himself lucky to have been part of the tour. He had just auditioned (试演) and got accepted into the orchestra that year. His official start date was scheduled after the orchestra’s return from China, but Booth received a call from the personnel manager informing him that someone had fallen ill. He then took the place and went to China.
“I was incredibly thrilled! Then, after I hung up, I realized I didn’t even have a passport,” Booth said. However, he got his passport and visa in just three days, thanks to the strong support from both countries. With his violin in tow. Booth joined the team on the 15-hour flight to China.
In addition to some regular compositions, the Philadelphia Orchestra also played the YellowRiver Concerto, one of the most popular piano concertos in China even today. The Philadelphia Orchestra cooperated on this ensemble (合奏) with a Chinese pianist, marking the earliest ties between the US and China in music.
After the concert, the team was hanging around on the streets, Booth said. It was a fun experience even though people did not know how to talk to locals because of language barriers, he said. “You can communicate a lot by smiling, and it worked out very, very well,” he added.
5．What is the passage generally about
A．US artists will give live performances
B．Booth recalled his first visit to China.
C．Great changes have occurred in China.
D．China and the US are living in peace.
6．What do you know from paragraph 3
A．The orchestra is popular in America.
B．Music performances happen a lot in China.
C．Music communication remains active.
D．Booth has come to China for the 50th time.
7．Booth meant that his getting the chance to come to China in 1973 was just a(an) ________.
A．magic B．mistake C．luxury D．accident
8．What is the role music plays based on the passage
A．It serves to build bridge. B．It stimulates people’s interest.
C．It contributes to equality. D．It removes barriers to harmony.
（2023上·湖北黄冈·高三统考期中）When I moved to northern New Jersey in 2012 and took a software test engineering job in midtown Manhattan, I suddenly found myself with an hour-long bus commute. I’d solved newspaper crossword puzzles for many years, but I had little patience and wasn’t very good. So when I started my crosswording again during those long trips, I was determined to become a better solver. However, after noticing that all of The New York Times puzzles had bylines(署名行),I figured, “Why couldn’t one of them be mine ”
I bought crossword construction software and a dictionary of valid crossword puzzle entries. I started with a blank 15×15 grid (网格). After reading, rereading, and more rereading of my puzzle, I decided that it was as good as it was ever going to be. So I sent it off to The Times and anxiously waited for their response. Several weeks later, I received an email from a staffer writing on behalf of editor Will Shortz. His answer was basic,“Thanks, but no thanks.” What’s worse, I received nearly the same rejection from Shortz and his colleagues for the next several puzzles I submitted.
Then I found my way to the Crossword Puzzle Collaboration Directory group on Facebook.In the group I connected with Mark, a more experienced constructor who became my teacher. After making some edits for my 21×21 grid at Mark’s suggestion, I sent the puzzle off to The New York Times. A few months later, I got something new in my inbox: an actual acceptance message from The New York Times! They changed some of the clues to be more straightforward. Anyway, my hard work finally paid off. Naturally, I told all my friends and family to get a copy of the paper on the publication date, March 21,2021.
Now I’ve made a lot in my spare time. Even if constructing a puzzle feels like an impossible task from time to time, it’s probably not. Very few things in life are truly impossible.
9．What did the author intend to do after seeing the bylines
A．Apply to be a crossword puzzle editor.
B．Create crossword puzzles by himself.
C．Solve some challenging word games.
D．Develop crossword construction software.
10．How did the author probably feel about the responses from The Times
A．Grateful. B．Hopeful.
C．Uninterested. D．Disappointed.
11．What happened to the author’s work with Mark’s help
A．It achieved great popularity.
B．It was changed into a smaller grid.
C．It was published after being made simpler.
D．It became something impossible to be outdone.
12．What can we infer about the author from the text
A．He wrote to Shortz frequently for advice.
B．He is a committed amateur puzzle builder.
C．He works full-time at The New York Times.
D．He started solving newspaper puzzles in 2012.
（2023上·江西·高三鹰潭一中校联考期中）In August 2005, at the age of 14, Kristin Beale, together with her friend, was riding on Jet Ski on Lake Gaston, along the Virginia-North Carolina border, when another ran over them, killing her friend and making Beale suffer a brain injury and a spinal cord (脊髓) injury.
Previously, being a Henrico’s Deep Run High School student, Beale took part in the competitions of cheerleading and hockey. Afterwards, she had to relearn how to perform daily tasks. “When I was in the hospital, doctors told my parents I’d be a vegetable, not being able to breathe or swallow. I wanted to disprove everything they had on their list,” she said. “I told my parents, ‘I’m going to work and do more’.”
Her parents discovered a hospital in California for people struggling with spinal cord injuries and flew Beale there to spend four hours a day for more than a month relearning tasks and strengthening her muscles. She traveled to California nine times for this.
To process her thoughts, Beale began writing about her experiences. By the time she finished, she’d written32 stories. She then gathered them into her first nonfiction book, Greater Things, which was about how people react to her and how she has overcome her injuries. “I never thought it’d become a book, but that’s how it all started,” Beale said.
Now in 2023 working for her publisher, Morgan James Publishing in Hampton, Beale continues to write. Another nonfiction book, A Million Suns, details her journey “from the darkness of disability into the sunlight of circumstance” and how she has found happiness. In her new fiction offering, Wide Awake, she assigns names and personalities to 12 objects belonging to a young girl, Madison.
Additionally, Beale has created the first episode (集) of a YouTube show based on her book Date Me, medaled as a wheelchair fencer and finished 16 marathons with a wheelchair since 2011.“I’ve worked hard to get to where I am,” she said.
13．What can we learn about Beale from paragraph 2
A．She refused the treatment. B．She used to be an active girl.
C．She lost confidence in life. D．She had trouble in breathing.
14．Why did Beale go to California
A．To experience life. B．To look for a job.
C．To work on recovery. D．To meet her parents.
15．What is Beale’s nonfiction book Greater Things based on
A．Her thoughts about writing. B．People’s account.
C．Stories about the disabled. D．Her own experiences.
16．Which words best describe Beale according to the text
A．Optimistic and determined. B．Creative and humorous.
C．Ambitious and considerate. D．Helpful and courageous.
（2023上·四川雅安·高三雅安中学校联考期中）Larry and I have always had our basic values in common, but our interests are as far apart as opera and basketball. I love art, and he is a huge sports fan. His big passion is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing season tickets with his friends for years. I must admit I’ve been always invited to see the games together.
This morning, I called my brother, Larry, and said, “I have a piece of good news and ad piece of bad news. Which do you want to hear first ” “Good news first,” Larry answered. “You can go to sleep early tonight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad one ” he asked. “We’re going to the opera!” I answered, laughing loudly.
There was a reason for the joke. The last time I invited him to go to the opera, he fell asleep in the theater. I had to admit it was always boring for him, but when I gave him a ticket for my favorite opera, I really thought he might enjoy it. I woke him up, but soon he fell asleep again. When Larry found I was joking, he breathed a sigh of relief on the other end. He said, “But I want you to go to see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I promised and complained, “Not again!” Actually, most of the time, when the game was on, I’d be texting or daydreaming. Sometimes, my telephone messages would be interrupted when the home team scored. I knew they scored because everyone jumped up and exchanged high-fives and fist bumps.
However, today, as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined to at least give it a try — for my brother’s sake, if not for my own. The game was intense, and I was hooked soon. When the other team scored, I eventually felt a bit disappointed with the rest of my crowd. My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself! I didn’t keep glancing at the clock, counting the minutes until we got out, Time flew. The game was over before I knew it.
17．How does the author develop paragraph 2
A．By listing data. B．By giving an example.
C．By making comparisons. D．By quoting a conversation.
18．What was the author’s initial reaction to basketball games
A．Puzzled. B．Pleased C．Casual. D．Curious.
19．What does the underlined word “hooked” in the last paragraph mean
A．Addicted. B．Satisfied, C．Bored. D．Disappointed.
20．What can be the best title for the text
A．Art and Sport B．From Opera to Basketball
C．Cheering for the Home Team D．Developing a Passion for Opera
（2023·辽宁·东北育才学校校考三模）Five-year-old Mustafa is smiling for the first time in ages. She did not receive a new toy or her favorite candy; rather, she got a wig (假发).
Mustafa had to go through painful procedures after being diagnosed with cancer at an early age. Her father expressed her sadness when she lost her hair after months of chemotherapy (化疗). “She saw children of her age jumping in playgrounds and spending hours styling their hair, while she couldn’t. Losing her hair made her hopeless, negatively impacting her response to treatment,” the girl’s father said.
Coming from a less fortunate family, Mustafa now sits in a humble hairdresser’s in Cairo, sliding her fingers through her new long hair as she looks in the mirror with fresh enthusiasm. Behind that smile and renewed confidence is Salam, from Egypt, who has been personally funding and designing free wigs for children with cancer to give them power to defeat their illness.
Salam took up his mission when he saw a viral video on social media of a young cancer patient who was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the moment when he decided to provide free wigs to children with cancer to lift up their spirits. “Many families can barely afford expensive cancer treatment costs, let alone costly cosmetic services that can play a huge role in restoring children’s confidence and giving them strength to continue their treatment,” said Salam.
As part of the self-funded initiative, Salam purchases the necessary requirements to make a wig, while his father helps design hairstyles to serve different children. So far, Salam has helped over 15 children walk out of his shop empowered with big smiles.
Despite the several challenges, Salam said making wigs gives him as much happiness as it does for his young customers. “Children need the emotional and moral support to go through this tough illness.” He added, “Losing their hair drives them to withdraw into themselves out of fear and embarrassment. I cannot help in their treatment, but I can help them get through it.”
21．Why are a toy and candy mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To indicate the girl’s age. B．To imply a serious illness.
C．To show the shortage of toys and candies. D．To highlight the value of the wig.
22．What can be learned from the father’s words
A．Hairstyle matters much. B．Sports benefit Mustafa.
C．Hair loss depressed Mustafa. D．Mustafa’s treatment failed.
23．What led to Salam’s decision on the mission
A．His sympathy. B．Family support.
C．Government fund. D．Mustafa’s enthusiasm.
24．What kind of person is Salam according to the passage
A．Cautious and innovative. B．Inspiring and talented.
C．Sensitive and empathetic. D．Ambitious and sensible.
（2023上·山东临沂·高三统考期中）I am an anxious traveller. I arrive at airports and train stations extra early. I double-check all of my documents, feeling a tightness in my jaw and a slight clench in my stomach until I’ve arrived where I’m going. I used to feel bad about it, seeing it as absurd and weak. However, I’ve learned to respect my tendency to be cautious.
Recently, I was driving along a rural road at the start of a long trip that would mainly be on a large motorway. I began feeling that something could go wrong. What if I run out of petrol I worried, even though I still had plenty. So when I spied a petrol station just before the road I was going to take onto the motorway, I decided to fill up. Just in case. And that’s when I discovered that one of my front tyres was flat. If I’d overpowered my unease, talked down my anxiety, the tyre would have blown at speed on the motorway. My urge to plan ahead even though it wasn’t strictly necessary saved me from a potentially catastrophic scenario.
A growing number of psychologists and neuroscientists agree anxiety and other negative feelings have a role to play in our lives. Tracy Dennis Tiwary, who recently published Future Tense: Why Anxiety Is Good for You, thinks our culture goes overboard in demonising(妖魔化) difficult emotions. She knows what it’s like to get overwhelmed by anxiety. “I remember a period at work when there was a lot going on. Worries kept waking me up at 4 am. It was like a yucky cloud of free-floating anxiety,” she says.
Instead of trying to repress this uneasy feeling, however, Dennis Tiwary leaned into it. She recognized the niggling thing, gave it space and learned from it. Finally she wrote down two or three things she could do to address it. The next morning, she felt calmer.
25．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1
A．He carries the wrong documents carelessly.
B．He is anxious about missing his flights or trains.
C．He feels ashamed about his tendency to be too careful now.
D．He enjoys spending extra time at airports and train stations.
26．What did the author find when he decided to fill up
A．The gas was used up. B．His unease disappeared.
C．He was caught in a crash. D．Something was wrong with his car.
27．What is Dennis Tiwary’s opinion about difficult emotions
A．They should be ignored. B．They are crucial to success.
C．They can be beneficial to our lives. D．They are disturbing and evil.
28．How did Dennis Tiwary deal with her anxiety
A．She sought professional help and solved her anxiety.
B．She rejected being anxious and focused on her work.
C．She embraced her anxiety and tried her best to face it.
D．She was immersed in pain and resigned to calm down.
（2023上·辽宁·高二东北育才学校校考阶段练习）That gentle attendant might have said something like, Excusez-moi Or Pardon But I could not even register (表达出) that he was speaking to me. I, in Paris for the very first time, was apparently deaf to even the cues (提示) of vocal tone and facial expression. Though I knew that my French was not good, it was then that I realized just being able to count to 15 and say “Je m’appelle Kyla” was not going to work.
I had tried very hard to learn some French before I went on my long-weekend. Despite all the available resources, I’d really had no intention of studying French in a meaningful way until I was in Paris. But as soon as I’d made up my mind, I ran into a roadblock. As a teenager. I’d learned Spanish almost passively, never receiving less than an A．Meanwhile, I’d taken Russian for a year, and learning a new alphabet and its grammar had given me an almost unshakable sense of confidence. So why, when trying to take up French, a language closest to English, could I not even remember how to use the most ordinary verb, etre
When, months after my trip, I still hadn’t gotten much further, I started to wonder... am I bad at this And though I was only in my 30s, was my lack of facility a result of aging
Yet alongside my frustration (沮丧), a surprising feeling emerged. Not discouragement—but delight in my failure. At 32, having lived in the same city for over ten years, having finished school and started a career, having achieved many of the milestones of young adulthood, it had been so long since I’d been an absolute beginner that being bad at something actually felt refreshing.
What so many people experience when they travel is the realization of how big the world is and how much more of it there is than you could have imagined. That’s what I gained—an expanded sense of belief, not limited by what I had already seen; a humble belief in the power of what I didn’t yet know.
29．What prevented the author understanding the attendant
A．The attendant’s accent. B．The author’s disability.
C．The author’s poor French. D．The attendant’s low tone.
30．How did the author feel about the lack of progress in learning French
A．Disappointed and embarrassed. B．Delighted and refreshed.
C．Indifferent and unconcerned. D．Confident and motivated.
31．What did the author gain from the travel experience in Paris
A．An increased ability to speak French. B．A desire to go abroad for-further study.
C．A sense of openness to unknown world. D．A feeling of accomplishment in career.
32．What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A．To share an unexpected blessing. B．To tell about an unpleasant trip in Paris.
C．To offer advice on traveling abroad. D．To recommend ways to learn a language.
（2023上·广东揭阳·高三统考期中）An American teacher who helped make college education accessible to low-income, immigrant, first-generation American, and refugee pupils has won the＄1 million Global Teacher Prize. Keishia Thorpe, an English teacher in Maryland, was selected from more than 8, 000 teachers in 121 countries.
“As a young girl from the circumstances that I come from, I would never have thought something like this would ever happen to me. I'm speechless. I’m overjoyed. I'm amazed. This is just an extraordinary achievement for me.” Ms. Thorpe said.
Ms. Thorpe teaches English to 12th-graders at the International High School Langley Park, where 95 percent of pupils are from low-income families. She redesigned their courses for the English department to make it culturally relevant to her pupils who are from mostly Africa, the Middle East, the Caribbean, and South America. Since then, her English language learners have shown a 40 percent increase in their reading.
Ms. Thorpe spent a lot of time encouraging her pupils to apply for college and helped them with their applications and accessing fully-funded scholarships. She helped her senior pupils in 2018-2019 win more than＄6.7 million in scholarships to 11 colleges, with most of them not having to pay for their education.
She plans to use the prize money to give less well-off pupils an opportunity of receiving a third level education. “Every person deserves the right to education and I want to be that person who champions that for them. I plan to use the money to help students worldwide access higher education.“ she said. “Students are the reason why I’m here, so I plan to use that to promote them and create a better future for them.”
Organized by UNESCO and first awarded in 2015, the Global Teacher Prize is an annual award to a teacher who has made a vast difference to the profession. The winner of this year was announced at a virtual ceremony in Paris on November 10th, 2021.
33．How do Thorpe’s redesigned courses influence her students
A．Students have spent more time reading.
B．Students are more aware of their culture.
C．More low-income students attend school.
D．More students apply for college education.
34．What best describes Thorpe
A．Selfless and strict. B．Frank and considerate.
C．Caring and devoted. D．Talented and humorous.
35．What can be learned about the Global Teacher Prize
A．It devotes much to college education.
B．It targets teachers with huge contributions.
C．It favors low-income immigrant teachers.
D．It encourages reforms in English teaching.
36．Which can be the best title for the text
A．A good teacher ensures a bright future
B．Teacher prize helps realize students’ dream
C．Immigrant teacher shares her moving story
D．High school teacher wins a SI million prize
（2023上·河北·高三石家庄一中校联考期中）Zachery Dereniowski, who goes by the name MDMotivator on social media, wanted to do something special for a local Detroit, Michigan, traffic controller officer, Linita Edge. So on Mother’s Day in 2023, he went out of his way to honor her.
Edge had recently become a single mother and was left to be the only breadwinner of her family. Becoming a single parent meant she struggled to make ends meet without a second income.
However, being a traffic controller was a job she did with joy because she loved helping people. The woman had been working in her post for six years, and when Dereniowski met Edge for the first time and asked why she did it, she said, “I do it for the people.”
Edge’s generosity and heart were paid back tenfold when Dereniowski, a stranger, approached her one day during her shift and started recording her. She was left shocked when the TikToker presented her with a special gift.
On May 14, 2023, Dereniowski shared a TikTok video of him recording Edge while on duty directing traffic. Instead of sending him away, she obliged(帮忙) by giving him an interview when he asked her if she wished to buy a mystery jersey(球衣) for $ 1. With joy, the traffic officer showed how much she loved people when she promised to buy the jersey after her shift.
He handed her $500 notes, and she couldn’t help but cry when he told her it was Mother’s Day and that he wanted to celebrate a mother. The woman proudly revealed she was born and raised in Detroit, and when asked if she was a Tigers’ fan, her reply was, “Of course!”
The video concluded with the working mother enjoying herself and smiling at the Tigers game, for which Dereniowski had bought tickets.
37．Why did Edge struggle to make ends meet
A．She couldn’t find a steady job. B．She had a low salary.
C．She was in heavy debt. D．She had to raise her family by herself.
38．How did Edge respond when receiving the notes
A．She cried with happiness. B．She bought a jersey immediately.
C．She agreed to give him an interview. D．She decided to go to the Tigers game.
39．What did the TikTok video end with
A．The image of the mother’s face. B．Edge watching the Tigers game.
C．Dereniowski interviewing Edge. D．Edge directing traffic on duty.
40．What can we infer about Zachery Dereniowski from the text
A．He is a TikTok Internet celebrity. B．He was born and raised in Detroit.
C．He was generous and considerate. D．He met Edge before he honored her.
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了6月4日来自美国的Katya及其他人被送入太空的细节和她的感受等。
1．细节理解题。由文章第二段“On June 4, Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin rocket carried its fifth group of passengers to the edge of space and Katya got an opportunity to apply for one of the six seats through a nonprofit called Space for Humanity. The previous flights had been all filled to capacity. (6月4日，杰夫·贝佐斯的蓝色起源火箭将第五批乘客送到了太空边缘，卡蒂亚有机会通过一个名为“人类太空”的非营利组织申请六个座位之一。之前的航班都已满员。)”可知，蓝色起源火箭将第五批乘客送到了太空边缘，之前的航班都已满员，每次六个座位，故已经运送了大约30名乘客。故选D。
2．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“The organization’s goal is to send passengers to space and allow them to experience the “overview effect”, a phenomenon astronauts have described after looking down at the Earth from the outside. (该组织的目标是将乘客送入太空，让他们体验“全景效应”，这是宇航员从外面俯瞰地球后所描述的一种现象。)”可知，“人类太空”的目标是让乘客感受到“全景效应”。故选C。
3．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Katya, an electrical engineer originally from Guadalajara, Mexico, was selected for the trip from a pool of 7,000 applicants from more than 100 countries based on her outstanding achievements in the space industry, and this met their requirement—sending “exceptional leaders” to experience. (Katya是一名来自墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉的电气工程师，基于她在太空工业的杰出成就，她从来自100多个国家的7000名申请者中被选中参加这次旅行，这符合他们的要求——派遣“杰出的领导者”去体验。)”可知，参与者的标准之一可能是必须是杰出的人才。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。由文章最后一段““The trip up was the most fascinating experience because a lot of us are used to traveling horizontally. But when you’ re in a rocket, you’ re going up vertically (垂直地) and that feels very strange,” Echazarreta said. “Seeing the Earth from the outside, I feel it really puts things into perspective. Everything that we’ve ever experienced—all of your problems, and all of your obstacles—and everything that feels like the end of the world to us sometimes, are all there. It feels so big to us, and yet it’s not, because I just left in a matter of minutes.” (“这次旅行是最迷人的经历，因为我们很多人都习惯了水平旅行。但是当你在火箭里的时候，你是垂直上升的，这感觉很奇怪，”埃查扎雷塔说。“从外面看地球，我觉得它真的让事情变得更有远见。我们所经历过的一切——你所有的问题，你所有的障碍——以及有时对我们来说像是世界末日的一切，都在那里。它对我们来说感觉很大，但其实不是，因为我几分钟后就离开了。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲卡蒂亚对太空之旅的见解。故选A。
5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章通过描述费城交响乐团小提琴家戴维·布斯50年前第一次来中国的见闻和演出，以及今天两国之间在音乐上的合作与交流，体现了音乐超越了地理边界和语言障碍的神奇力量。
5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Philadelphia Orchestra violinist Davyd Booth said, recalling his first tour in China 50 years ago.”（费城交响乐团小提琴家戴维·布斯回忆起50年前他首次访华时说。）和下文的具体描述可知，本文主要是描述布斯对他第一次访华的回忆。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“This month, 14 musicians from the Philadelphia Orchestra, including Booth, are returning to China, with performances scheduled in Beijing, Tianjin, Suzhou and Shanghai.”（本月，包括布斯在内的14名费城交响乐团的音乐家将回到中国，在北京、天津、苏州和上海进行演出。）和“Over the years, the orchestra (管弦乐团) has strengthened connections across China, with concerts and residencies that facilitate meaningful people-to-people interactions.”（多年来，乐团加强了与中国各地的联系，举办音乐会和驻地活动，促进了有意义的人与人之间的互动。）可知，中美两国之间的音乐交流依然很积极、活跃。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“He had just auditioned (试演) and got accepted into the orchestra that year. His official start date was scheduled after the orchestra’s return from China, but Booth received a call from the personnel manager informing him that someone had fallen ill. He then took the place and went to China.”（那年，他刚刚参加了试演，并被乐团录取了。他的正式开始日期定于乐团从中国回来后，但布斯接到人事经理的电话，通知他有人生病了，然后他代替他去了中国。）可知，布斯本来是不在去中国的人员名单中的，因为有人突然生病，他代替了他的位置才得到了去中国的机会，所以是一个意外。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“As vast fields surrounding Beijing and Shanghai transformed into towering skyscrapers, and old bicycles gave way to motor vehicles, the essence of music communication remained unchanged over these shifts.”（当北京和上海周围的广阔田野变成了高耸的摩天大楼，旧自行车被机动车取代，音乐交流的本质在这些变化中保持不变。）和第三段“The tour marks the 50th anniversary (周年纪念日) of their first visit in the 1970s, celebrating the unique friendship between China and the United States. Over the years, the orchestra (管弦乐团) has strengthened connections across China, with concerts and residencies that facilitate meaningful people-to-people interactions.”（ 这次访问是为了纪念他们在20世纪70年代首次访问美国50周年，庆祝中美之间独特的友谊。多年来，乐团加强了与中国各地的联系，举办音乐会和驻地活动，促进了有意义的人与人之间的互动。）可知，文章表明，音乐有着交流沟通的本质，它促进了中美两国的交流和互动，加强了两国之间的联系，起到了搭建桥梁的作用。故选A。
9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了作为一名字谜爱好者，作者通过不断努力终于将自己设计的字谜发表在了《纽约时报》上。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’d solved newspaper crossword puzzles for many years, but I had little patience and wasn’t very good. So when I started my cross wording again during those long trips, I was determined to become a better solver. However, after noticing that all of The New York Times puzzles had bylines(署名行),I figured, “Why couldn’t one of them be mine ””（多年来，我一直在解决报纸上的填字游戏，但我没有耐心，也做得不太好。所以当我在长途旅行中再次开始填字游戏时，我下定决心要成为一个更好的解决者。然而，在注意到《纽约时报》上所有的谜题都有署名后，我想，“为什么不能有一个是我的呢？”）可知，作者看到《纽约时报》的字谜都有署名行，然后就打算亲自设计字谜，做填字游戏。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“After reading, rereading, and more rereading of my puzzle, I decided that it was as good as it was ever going to be. So I sent it off to The Times and anxiously waited for their response. Several weeks later, I received an email from a staffer writing on behalf of editor Will Shortz. His answer was basic, “Thanks, but no thanks.” What’s worse, I received nearly the same rejection from Shortz and his colleagues for the next several puzzles I submitted.”（在阅读了一遍又一遍的阅读我的谜题之后，我觉得它已经足够好了。所以我把它寄给了《纽约时报》，焦急地等待他们的回复。几周后，我收到了一封代表编辑威尔·肖特兹写的邮件。他的回答很简单：“谢谢，但不用了。”更糟糕的是，我随后提交的几款谜题也遭到了肖特兹及其同事的拒绝。）可知，作者对自己设计的字谜很有信心，但是得到的回复都是拒绝由此可推断，这种落差会让他感到失望。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A few months later, I got something new in my inbox: an actual acceptance message from The New York Times! They changed some of the clues to be more straightforward. Anyway, my hard work finally paid off. Naturally, I told all my friends and family to get a copy of the paper on the publication date, March 21,2021.”（几个月后，我的收件箱里有了新东西：一封来自《纽约时报》的录用信！他们改变了一些线索，使其更直接。总之，我的努力终于有了回报。自然地，我告诉我所有的朋友和家人我的字谜刊登在2021年3月21日出版的那期报纸上。）可知，在Mark的帮助下，作者的付出终于有了回报。《纽约时报》对其字谜稍作修改后，使线索直接了，然后刊登在2021年3月21日出版的那期报纸上。故选C项。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now I’ve made a lot in my spare time. Even if constructing a puzzle feels like an impossible task from time to time, it’s probably not. Very few things in life are truly impossible.”（现在我在业余时间赚了很多钱。即使构建谜题有时感觉像是一项不可能完成的任务，但事实可能并非如此。生活中很少有事情是真正不可能的。）可知，作者利用业余时间已经设计了很多字谜，由此可见他对字谜的热爱是坚定不移的。故选B项。
13．B 14．C 15．D 16．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。克里斯汀·比尔因为小时候的一次意外，脑部和脊髓都受到了重创，然而她乐观、开朗，通过写作走出了悲剧，开始了新的生活。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Previously, being a Henrico’s Deep Run High School student, Beale took part in the competitions of cheerleading and hockey.(此前，作为亨利科的 Deep Run 高中学生，比尔参加了啦啦队和曲棍球比赛。)”可推断，Beale以前是一位活跃的小女孩。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Her parents discovered a hospital in California for people struggling with spinal cord injuries and flew Beale there to spend four hours a day for more than a month relearning tasks and strengthening her muscles. She traveled to California nine times for this.(她的父母在加利福尼亚发现了一家专为脊髓损伤患者服务的医院，并让比尔在一个多月的时间里每天花四个小时重新学习任务，加强肌肉。她为此跑了九次加州。)”可知，比尔九次飞往加利福尼亚是为了进行康复治疗。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。 根据第四段“To process her thoughts, Beale began writing about her experiences. By the time she finished, she’d written32 stories. She then gathered them into her first nonfiction book, Greater Things, which was about how people react to her and how she has overcome her injuries.(为了整理思绪，比尔开始写下自己的经历。到她完成的时候，她已经写了32个故事。随后，她将这些经历整理成她的第一本非虚构作品《更伟大的事情》(Greater Things)，讲述了人们对她的反应，以及她如何克服自己的伤痛。)”可知，比尔的纪实书Greater Things 是根据她自己的亲身经历写的。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。 根据第二段“I wanted to disprove everything they had on their list(我想证明他们名单上的一切都是假的)”和最后一段的内容“Additionally, Beale has created the first episode(集) of a YouTube show based on her book Date Me, medaled as a wheelchair fencer and finished 16 marathons with a wheelchair since 2011.“I’ve worked hard to get to where I am,” she said.(此外，比尔还根据她的书《约我约会》制作了一档YouTube节目的第一集，并获得了轮椅击剑运动员的奖牌，自2011年以来，她还坐着轮椅跑完了16场马拉松。“我努力工作才走到今天的位置，”她说。)”可推断，比尔是一个乐观且意志坚定的人。故选A。
17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“This morning, I called my brother, Larry, and said, “I have a piece of good news and ad piece of bad news. Which do you want to hear first ” “Good news first,” Larry answered. “You can go to sleep early tonight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad one ” he asked. “We’re going to the opera!” I answered, laughing loudly.”（今天早上，我打电话给我哥哥拉里，说：“我有一个好消息和一个坏消息。你想先听哪个？“先说好消息，”拉里回答。“今晚你可以早点睡觉，”我说。“好吧。哪个是坏的？他问。“我们要去看歌剧！”我大声笑着回答。）可推知，作者是通过引用对话来展开第二段的。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Actually, most of the time, when the game was on, I’d be texting or daydreaming.”（事实上，大多数时候，当比赛开始时，我都在发短信或做白日梦。）可推知，作者对篮球比赛的最初反应是满不在乎的。故选C项。
19．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“However, today, as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined to at least give it a try—for my brother’s sake, if not for my own.”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。）以及“My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself!”（我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）由此可知，此处为游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。故可猜测划线单词hooked为“迷住”的意思，结合选项Addicted“沉迷的”意思一致。故选A项。
20．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Larry and I have always had our basic values in common, but our interests are as far apart as opera and basketball. I love art, and he is a huge sports fan.”（拉里和我一直有共同的基本价值观，但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，而他是一个狂热的体育迷。）可知，提到作者喜欢歌剧。和最后一段中“However, today, as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined to at least give it a try—for my brother’s sake, if not for my own. The game was intense, and I was hooked soon. When the other team scored, I eventually felt a bit disappointed with the rest of my crowd. My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself!”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。当另一支球队得分时，我终于对我的其他观众感到有点失望。我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）可知，讲的是作者被篮球比赛吸引住了。由此可知，文章主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。故文章最好的标题是“从歌剧到篮球”。故选B项。
21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位来自埃及的叫萨拉姆的人，在得知一位患病儿童得到假发后，开始筹资为癌症患儿设计和提供免费假发，帮助他们重获信心和力量。对于这些患儿来说，他能做的或许不多，但带给他们情感和道德上的支持，帮助他们度过这个艰难的病痛时期。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Five-year-old Mustafa is smiling for the first time in ages. She did not receive a new toy or her favorite candy; rather, she got a wig (假发).(五岁的穆斯塔法这么多年来第一次露出了笑容。她没有收到新玩具或她最喜欢的糖果；相反，她得到了一顶假发。)”以及第二段中“Mustafa had to go through painful procedures after being diagnosed with cancer at an early age. Her father expressed her sadness when she lost her hair after months of chemotherapy (化疗). (穆斯塔法在很小的时候就被诊断出患有癌症，不得不经历痛苦的手术。数月化疗后，她的头发掉光了，她父亲表达了她的悲伤。)”可知，穆斯塔法因为被诊断患有癌症，经过数月的化疗后头发掉光了，因此相比于收到新玩具或者最喜欢的糖果，收到一顶假发对她来说是更有意义的。故第一段提到了玩具和糖果是为了突出假发的价值。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第二段中““She saw children of her age jumping in playgrounds and spending hours styling their hair, while she couldn’t. Losing her hair made her hopeless, negatively impacting her response to treatment,” the girl’s father said.(她看到和她同龄的孩子在操场上蹦蹦跳跳，花上几个小时做发型，而她却不能。失去头发让她绝望，对她的治疗产生了负面影响，”女孩的父亲说。)”可知，看到别的孩子在操场上蹦蹦跳跳，花上几个小时做发型，而穆斯塔法却不能，失去头发让她绝望，对她的治疗产生了负面影响即失去头发让她极度沮丧。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Salam took up his mission when he saw a viral video on social media of a young cancer patient who was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the moment when he decided to provide free wigs to children with cancer to lift up their spirits.(萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了一段走红的视频，视频中一位年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，于是他开始了自己的使命。就在那一刻，他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发，让他们振作起来。)”可知，萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了一段视频：一位年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，就是在这一刻他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发即他对那些因为癌症进行化疗而失去头发的孩子们的同情和理解，才让他开始为那些孩子们制作假发的使命。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Salam took up his mission when he saw a viral video on social media of a young cancer patient who was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the moment when he decided to provide free wigs to children with cancer to lift up their spirits.(萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了一段走红的视频，视频中一位年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，于是他开始了自己的使命。就在那一刻，他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发，让他们振作起来。)”可知，萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，就是在这一刻他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发，他对那些因为癌症进行化疗而失去头发的孩子们是同情和理解，由此表明他是一个情感上敏感的人；同时根据最后一段中““Children need the emotional and moral support to go through this tough illness.” He added, “Losing their hair drives them to withdraw into themselves out of fear and embarrassment. I cannot help in their treatment, but I can help them get through it.”(“孩子们需要情感和精神上的支持来度过这场艰难的疾病。”他补充说：“脱发会让她们出于恐惧和尴尬而封闭自己。我不能帮助他们治疗，但我可以帮助他们度过难关。”)”可知，萨拉姆克服困难，在情感上和精神上去帮助和支持那些因为癌症化疗而掉发的孩子们，体现出他是善良并善解人意的。故选C。
25．B 26．D 27．C 28．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过作者自身的经历和Tracy Dennis Tiwary的经历讲述了焦虑并不一定是坏事。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I am an anxious traveller. I arrive at airports and train stations extra early.(我是一个焦虑的旅行者。我很早就到达机场和火车站。)”可知，作者很早就到达机场和火车站，是一个焦虑的旅行者，由此可推测出，作者担心自己会错过航班或列车。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So when I spied a petrol station just before the road I was going to take onto the motorway, I decided to fill up. Just in case. And that’s when I discovered that one of my front tyres was flat.(所以，当我在我要上高速公路的路上发现一个加油站时，我决定加油。只是以防万一。就在那时，我发现我的一个前轮胎漏气了。)”可知，当作者决定加油时，发现车的前轮胎漏气了。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A growing number of psychologists and neuroscientists agree anxiety and other negative feelings have a role to play in our lives. Tracy Dennis Tiwary, who recently published Future Tense: Why Anxiety Is Good for You, thinks our culture goes overboard in demonising(妖魔化) difficult emotions.(越来越多的心理学家和神经科学家一致认为，焦虑和其他负面情绪在我们的生活中发挥着作用。Tracy Dennis Tiwary最近出版了《未来时态：为什么焦虑对你有好处》，她认为我们的文化过于妖魔化困难的情绪。)”可知，Tracy Dennis Tiwary等人认为焦虑和其他负面情绪在我们的生活中发挥作用，结合她书名中的“Why Anxiety Is Good for You”可推出，她认为焦虑等负面情绪对我们的生活有好处。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Instead of trying to repress this uneasy feeling, however, Dennis Tiwary leaned into it. She recognized the niggling thing, gave it space and learned from it. Finally she wrote down two or three things she could do to address it.(然而，Dennis Tiwary并没有试图压抑这种不安的感觉，而是专注于它。她意识到烦人的事情，给它空间，并从中学习。最后，她写下了两三件她可以做的事情来解决它。)”可知，她没有抑制焦虑，而是专注于它，并寻找方法解决她，由此可推测出，她接受自己的焦虑，并努力面对焦虑。故选C。
29．C 30．B 31．C 32．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者法国旅行发生的事情和感受。
29．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“I, in Paris for the very first time, was apparently deaf to even the cues (提示) of vocal tone and facial expression. Though I knew that my French was not good, it was then that I realized just being able to count to 15 and say “Je m’appelle Kyla” was not going to work. (我第一次来到巴黎，显然连声音和面部表情的暗示都一无所知。虽然我知道我的法语不好，但那时我才意识到，仅仅能够数到15，然后说“Je m 'appelle Kyla”是行不通的。)”可知，作者的法语很差，因此作者没能理解服务员的意思。故选C。
30．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Yet alongside my frustration (沮丧), a surprising feeling emerged. Not discouragement—but delight in my failure. (然而，在我沮丧的同时，一种令人惊讶的感觉出现了。不是气馁，而是为失败而高兴。)”和“it had been so long since I’d been an absolute beginner that being bad at something actually felt refreshing (我已经很久没有成为一个绝对的初学者了，所以在某件事上表现不佳实际上让我感到耳目一新。)”可知，作者对法语学习缺乏进展这件事高兴又精神抖擞。故选B。
31．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“That’s what I gained—an expanded sense of belief, not limited by what I had already seen; a humble belief in the power of what I didn’t yet know. (这就是我所获得的——一种扩展的信念，不受我已经看到的东西的限制；谦卑地相信未知事物的力量。)”可知，作者从巴黎的旅行经历中获得一种对未知世界的开放感。故选C。
32．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“What so many people experience when they travel is the realization of how big the world is and how much more of it there is than you could have imagined. That’s what I gained—an expanded sense of belief, not limited by what I had already seen; a humble belief in the power of what I didn’t yet know. (许多人在旅行时所经历的是意识到世界有多大，比你想象的要多得多。这就是我所获得的——一种扩展的信念，不受我已经看到的东西的限制；谦卑地相信未知事物的力量。)”可知，作者从巴黎的旅行经历中获得一种对未知世界的开放感，故作者写这篇文章的目的是分享一个意想不到的祝福。故选A。
33．A 34．C 35．B 36．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了高中英语教师Keishia Thorpe获得了百万全球教师奖。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“She redesigned their courses for the English department to make it culturally relevant to her pupils who are from mostly Africa, the Middle East, the Caribbean, and South America. Since then, her English language learners have shown a 40 percent increase in their reading.(她为英语系重新设计了他们的课程，使之在文化上与她的学生相关，这些学生大部分来自非洲、中东、加勒比海和南美洲。从那以后，她的英语学习者的阅读时间提高了40% 。)”可知，Thorpe重新设计的课程使学生花更多的时间来阅读，故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段“Ms. Thorpe spent a lot of time encouraging her pupils to apply for college and helped them with their applications and accessing fully-funded scholarships. She helped her senior pupils in 2018-2019 win more than ＄6.7 million in scholarships to 11 colleges, with most of them not having to pay for their education.(索普女士花了很多时间鼓励她的学生申请大学，帮助他们申请并获得全额资助的奖学金。2018-2019年，她帮助她的高年级学生获得了超过670万美元的奖学金，进入了11所大学，其中大多数人不必支付教育费用。)”可推知，Thorpe关心他人且乐于奉献，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Organized by UNESCO and first awarded in 2015, the Global Teacher Prize is an annual award to a teacher who has made a vast difference to the profession.(全球教师奖由联合国教科文组织主办，于2015年首次颁发，每年颁发给在教师专业方面发挥重大作用的教师。)”可知，全球教师奖为做出巨大贡献的教师颁奖。故选B。
36．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“An American teacher who helped make college education accessible to low-income, immigrant, first-generation American, and refugee pupils has won the＄1 million Global Teacher Prize.Keishia Thorpe, an English teacher in Maryland, was selected from more than 8, 000 teachers in 121 countries.(一位帮助低收入、移民、第一代美国学生和难民学生接受大学教育的美国教师获得了价值100万美元的全球教师奖。凯希娅·索普是马里兰州的一名英语教师，她是从121个国家的8000多名教师中挑选出来的。)”可知，文章主要介绍了高中英语教师Keishia Thorpe获得了百万全球教师奖，D项“高中老师赢得了一百万美元的奖金”适合作文章标题，故选D。
37．D 38．A 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位努力工作的单身母亲在母亲节收到特殊礼物的故事。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Edge had recently become a single mother and was left to be the only breadwinner of her family.(Edge最近成为了一名单身母亲，成为家里唯一的经济支柱。)”可知，她成了一位单身母亲，需要独自赚钱养家。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“He handed her $500 notes, and she couldn’t help but cry when he told her it was Mother’s Day and that he wanted to celebrate a mother.(他递给她500美元的钞票，当他告诉她今天是母亲节，他想为一位母亲庆祝时，她忍不住哭了。)”可知，Dereniowski给了Edge 500美元，他想为一位母亲庆祝母亲节，她忍不住哭了起来，由此可知，Edge 喜极而泣。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The video concluded with the working mother enjoying herself and smiling at the Tigers game, for which Dereniowski had bought tickets.(视频结束时，这位工作的母亲开心地微笑着观看老虎队的比赛，Dereniowski已经购买了比赛的门票。)”可知，视频以这位母亲开心地微笑着观看老虎队的比赛而结束。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“He handed her $500 notes, and she couldn’t help but cry when he told her it was Mother’s Day and that he wanted to celebrate a mother.(他递给她500美元的钞票，当他告诉她今天是母亲节，他想为一位母亲庆祝时，她忍不住哭了。)”和最后一段“The video concluded with the working mother enjoying herself and smiling at the Tigers game, for which Dereniowski had bought tickets.(视频结束时，这位工作的母亲开心地微笑着观看老虎队的比赛，Dereniowski已经购买了比赛的门票。)”可知，Dereniowski在母亲节当天想要为身为母亲的Edge庆祝，给了她500美元，并为她买了她喜爱球队的比赛门票，说明他慷慨而体贴。故选C。
第三期
专题05 阅读理解之说明文10篇
（2023上·湖南岳阳·高三校联考阶段练习）Katya Echazarreta recently made history as the first Mexican-born American woman and one of the youngest women ever to fly to space—a lifelong dream she was able to accomplish at only 26 years old.
On June 4, Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin rocket carried its fifth group of passengers to the edge of space and Katya got an opportunity to apply for one of the six seats through a nonprofit called Space for Humanity. The previous flights had been all filled to capacity.
The organization’s goal is to send passengers to space and allow them to experience the “overview effect”, a phenomenon astronauts have described after looking down at the Earth from the outside. “They recognize that, as humans, our commonalities far outweigh our differences,” Space for Humanity says on its website.
Katya, an electrical engineer originally from Guadalajara, Mexico, was selected for the trip from a pool of 7,000 applicants from more than 100 countries based on her outstanding achievements in the space industry, and this met their requirement—sending “exceptional leaders” to experience. After going through training, she and her five fellow passengers took off from Blue Origin’s launch facility in West Texas. The spacecraft took them 62 miles above the Earth’s surface, giving them a few minutes of weightlessness before a descent (下降) back to a parachute landing.
“The trip up was the most fascinating experience because a lot of us are used to traveling horizontally. But when you’ re in a rocket, you’ re going up vertically (垂直地) and that feels very strange,” Echazarreta said. “Seeing the Earth from the outside, I feel it really puts things into perspective. Everything that we’ve ever experienced—all of your problems, and all of your obstacles—and everything that feels like the end of the world to us sometimes, are all there. It feels so big to us, and yet it’s not, because I just left in a matter of minutes.”
1．What can we know about Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin rocket
A．It has made history in space exploration. B．It only provides seats for the young.
C．It helps women to realize their dream. D．It has flown about 30 passengers to space.
2．What does Space for Humanity aim to do
A．Promote the development of space industry.
B．Send technology pioneers to live in space.
C．Let the passengers feel the overview effect.
D．Describe the phenomenon astronauts experience.
3．What may be one of the standards of the participants
A．Being wise. B．Being young.
C．Being brave. D．Being distinguished.
4．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Katya’s insight into the space trip. B．Katya’s trip that goes up vertically.
C．All the challenges facing Katya. D．Katya’s explanation for her motivation.
（2023上·浙江绍兴·高三统考阶段练习）As vast fields surrounding Beijing and Shanghai transformed into towering skyscrapers, and old bicycles gave way to motor vehicles, the essence of music communication remained unchanged over these shifts.
“I’ll never forget that I’ve never seen so many bicycles in my life,” Philadelphia Orchestra violinist Davyd Booth said, recalling his first tour in China 50 years ago. “Everyone rode a bicycle. There were literally hundreds, thousands.”
This month, 14 musicians from the Philadelphia Orchestra, including Booth, are returning to China, with performances scheduled in Beijing, Tianjin, Suzhou and Shanghai. The tour marks the 50th anniversary (周年纪念日) of their first visit in the 1970s, celebrating the unique friendship between China and the United States. Over the years, the orchestra (管弦乐团) has strengthened connections across China, with concerts and residencies that facilitate meaningful people-to-people interactions.
Booth said the 1973 tour was his first international trip with the orchestra. He considered himself lucky to have been part of the tour. He had just auditioned (试演) and got accepted into the orchestra that year. His official start date was scheduled after the orchestra’s return from China, but Booth received a call from the personnel manager informing him that someone had fallen ill. He then took the place and went to China.
“I was incredibly thrilled! Then, after I hung up, I realized I didn’t even have a passport,” Booth said. However, he got his passport and visa in just three days, thanks to the strong support from both countries. With his violin in tow. Booth joined the team on the 15-hour flight to China.
In addition to some regular compositions, the Philadelphia Orchestra also played the YellowRiver Concerto, one of the most popular piano concertos in China even today. The Philadelphia Orchestra cooperated on this ensemble (合奏) with a Chinese pianist, marking the earliest ties between the US and China in music.
After the concert, the team was hanging around on the streets, Booth said. It was a fun experience even though people did not know how to talk to locals because of language barriers, he said. “You can communicate a lot by smiling, and it worked out very, very well,” he added.
5．What is the passage generally about
A．US artists will give live performances
B．Booth recalled his first visit to China.
C．Great changes have occurred in China.
D．China and the US are living in peace.
6．What do you know from paragraph 3
A．The orchestra is popular in America.
B．Music performances happen a lot in China.
C．Music communication remains active.
D．Booth has come to China for the 50th time.
7．Booth meant that his getting the chance to come to China in 1973 was just a(an) ________.
A．magic B．mistake C．luxury D．accident
8．What is the role music plays based on the passage
A．It serves to build bridge. B．It stimulates people’s interest.
C．It contributes to equality. D．It removes barriers to harmony.
（2023上·湖北黄冈·高三统考期中）When I moved to northern New Jersey in 2012 and took a software test engineering job in midtown Manhattan, I suddenly found myself with an hour-long bus commute. I’d solved newspaper crossword puzzles for many years, but I had little patience and wasn’t very good. So when I started my crosswording again during those long trips, I was determined to become a better solver. However, after noticing that all of The New York Times puzzles had bylines(署名行),I figured, “Why couldn’t one of them be mine ”
I bought crossword construction software and a dictionary of valid crossword puzzle entries. I started with a blank 15×15 grid (网格). After reading, rereading, and more rereading of my puzzle, I decided that it was as good as it was ever going to be. So I sent it off to The Times and anxiously waited for their response. Several weeks later, I received an email from a staffer writing on behalf of editor Will Shortz. His answer was basic,“Thanks, but no thanks.” What’s worse, I received nearly the same rejection from Shortz and his colleagues for the next several puzzles I submitted.
Then I found my way to the Crossword Puzzle Collaboration Directory group on Facebook.In the group I connected with Mark, a more experienced constructor who became my teacher. After making some edits for my 21×21 grid at Mark’s suggestion, I sent the puzzle off to The New York Times. A few months later, I got something new in my inbox: an actual acceptance message from The New York Times! They changed some of the clues to be more straightforward. Anyway, my hard work finally paid off. Naturally, I told all my friends and family to get a copy of the paper on the publication date, March 21,2021.
Now I’ve made a lot in my spare time. Even if constructing a puzzle feels like an impossible task from time to time, it’s probably not. Very few things in life are truly impossible.
9．What did the author intend to do after seeing the bylines
A．Apply to be a crossword puzzle editor.
B．Create crossword puzzles by himself.
C．Solve some challenging word games.
D．Develop crossword construction software.
10．How did the author probably feel about the responses from The Times
A．Grateful. B．Hopeful.
C．Uninterested. D．Disappointed.
11．What happened to the author’s work with Mark’s help
A．It achieved great popularity.
B．It was changed into a smaller grid.
C．It was published after being made simpler.
D．It became something impossible to be outdone.
12．What can we infer about the author from the text
A．He wrote to Shortz frequently for advice.
B．He is a committed amateur puzzle builder.
C．He works full-time at The New York Times.
D．He started solving newspaper puzzles in 2012.
（2023上·江西·高三鹰潭一中校联考期中）In August 2005, at the age of 14, Kristin Beale, together with her friend, was riding on Jet Ski on Lake Gaston, along the Virginia-North Carolina border, when another ran over them, killing her friend and making Beale suffer a brain injury and a spinal cord (脊髓) injury.
Previously, being a Henrico’s Deep Run High School student, Beale took part in the competitions of cheerleading and hockey. Afterwards, she had to relearn how to perform daily tasks. “When I was in the hospital, doctors told my parents I’d be a vegetable, not being able to breathe or swallow. I wanted to disprove everything they had on their list,” she said. “I told my parents, ‘I’m going to work and do more’.”
Her parents discovered a hospital in California for people struggling with spinal cord injuries and flew Beale there to spend four hours a day for more than a month relearning tasks and strengthening her muscles. She traveled to California nine times for this.
To process her thoughts, Beale began writing about her experiences. By the time she finished, she’d written32 stories. She then gathered them into her first nonfiction book, Greater Things, which was about how people react to her and how she has overcome her injuries. “I never thought it’d become a book, but that’s how it all started,” Beale said.
Now in 2023 working for her publisher, Morgan James Publishing in Hampton, Beale continues to write. Another nonfiction book, A Million Suns, details her journey “from the darkness of disability into the sunlight of circumstance” and how she has found happiness. In her new fiction offering, Wide Awake, she assigns names and personalities to 12 objects belonging to a young girl, Madison.
Additionally, Beale has created the first episode (集) of a YouTube show based on her book Date Me, medaled as a wheelchair fencer and finished 16 marathons with a wheelchair since 2011.“I’ve worked hard to get to where I am,” she said.
13．What can we learn about Beale from paragraph 2
A．She refused the treatment. B．She used to be an active girl.
C．She lost confidence in life. D．She had trouble in breathing.
14．Why did Beale go to California
A．To experience life. B．To look for a job.
C．To work on recovery. D．To meet her parents.
15．What is Beale’s nonfiction book Greater Things based on
A．Her thoughts about writing. B．People’s account.
C．Stories about the disabled. D．Her own experiences.
16．Which words best describe Beale according to the text
A．Optimistic and determined. B．Creative and humorous.
C．Ambitious and considerate. D．Helpful and courageous.
（2023上·四川雅安·高三雅安中学校联考期中）Larry and I have always had our basic values in common, but our interests are as far apart as opera and basketball. I love art, and he is a huge sports fan. His big passion is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing season tickets with his friends for years. I must admit I’ve been always invited to see the games together.
This morning, I called my brother, Larry, and said, “I have a piece of good news and ad piece of bad news. Which do you want to hear first ” “Good news first,” Larry answered. “You can go to sleep early tonight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad one ” he asked. “We’re going to the opera!” I answered, laughing loudly.
There was a reason for the joke. The last time I invited him to go to the opera, he fell asleep in the theater. I had to admit it was always boring for him, but when I gave him a ticket for my favorite opera, I really thought he might enjoy it. I woke him up, but soon he fell asleep again. When Larry found I was joking, he breathed a sigh of relief on the other end. He said, “But I want you to go to see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I promised and complained, “Not again!” Actually, most of the time, when the game was on, I’d be texting or daydreaming. Sometimes, my telephone messages would be interrupted when the home team scored. I knew they scored because everyone jumped up and exchanged high-fives and fist bumps.
However, today, as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined to at least give it a try — for my brother’s sake, if not for my own. The game was intense, and I was hooked soon. When the other team scored, I eventually felt a bit disappointed with the rest of my crowd. My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself! I didn’t keep glancing at the clock, counting the minutes until we got out, Time flew. The game was over before I knew it.
17．How does the author develop paragraph 2
A．By listing data. B．By giving an example.
C．By making comparisons. D．By quoting a conversation.
18．What was the author’s initial reaction to basketball games
A．Puzzled. B．Pleased C．Casual. D．Curious.
19．What does the underlined word “hooked” in the last paragraph mean
A．Addicted. B．Satisfied, C．Bored. D．Disappointed.
20．What can be the best title for the text
A．Art and Sport B．From Opera to Basketball
C．Cheering for the Home Team D．Developing a Passion for Opera
（2023·辽宁·东北育才学校校考三模）Five-year-old Mustafa is smiling for the first time in ages. She did not receive a new toy or her favorite candy; rather, she got a wig (假发).
Mustafa had to go through painful procedures after being diagnosed with cancer at an early age. Her father expressed her sadness when she lost her hair after months of chemotherapy (化疗). “She saw children of her age jumping in playgrounds and spending hours styling their hair, while she couldn’t. Losing her hair made her hopeless, negatively impacting her response to treatment,” the girl’s father said.
Coming from a less fortunate family, Mustafa now sits in a humble hairdresser’s in Cairo, sliding her fingers through her new long hair as she looks in the mirror with fresh enthusiasm. Behind that smile and renewed confidence is Salam, from Egypt, who has been personally funding and designing free wigs for children with cancer to give them power to defeat their illness.
Salam took up his mission when he saw a viral video on social media of a young cancer patient who was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the moment when he decided to provide free wigs to children with cancer to lift up their spirits. “Many families can barely afford expensive cancer treatment costs, let alone costly cosmetic services that can play a huge role in restoring children’s confidence and giving them strength to continue their treatment,” said Salam.
As part of the self-funded initiative, Salam purchases the necessary requirements to make a wig, while his father helps design hairstyles to serve different children. So far, Salam has helped over 15 children walk out of his shop empowered with big smiles.
Despite the several challenges, Salam said making wigs gives him as much happiness as it does for his young customers. “Children need the emotional and moral support to go through this tough illness.” He added, “Losing their hair drives them to withdraw into themselves out of fear and embarrassment. I cannot help in their treatment, but I can help them get through it.”
21．Why are a toy and candy mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To indicate the girl’s age. B．To imply a serious illness.
C．To show the shortage of toys and candies. D．To highlight the value of the wig.
22．What can be learned from the father’s words
A．Hairstyle matters much. B．Sports benefit Mustafa.
C．Hair loss depressed Mustafa. D．Mustafa’s treatment failed.
23．What led to Salam’s decision on the mission
A．His sympathy. B．Family support.
C．Government fund. D．Mustafa’s enthusiasm.
24．What kind of person is Salam according to the passage
A．Cautious and innovative. B．Inspiring and talented.
C．Sensitive and empathetic. D．Ambitious and sensible.
（2023上·山东临沂·高三统考期中）I am an anxious traveller. I arrive at airports and train stations extra early. I double-check all of my documents, feeling a tightness in my jaw and a slight clench in my stomach until I’ve arrived where I’m going. I used to feel bad about it, seeing it as absurd and weak. However, I’ve learned to respect my tendency to be cautious.
Recently, I was driving along a rural road at the start of a long trip that would mainly be on a large motorway. I began feeling that something could go wrong. What if I run out of petrol I worried, even though I still had plenty. So when I spied a petrol station just before the road I was going to take onto the motorway, I decided to fill up. Just in case. And that’s when I discovered that one of my front tyres was flat. If I’d overpowered my unease, talked down my anxiety, the tyre would have blown at speed on the motorway. My urge to plan ahead even though it wasn’t strictly necessary saved me from a potentially catastrophic scenario.
A growing number of psychologists and neuroscientists agree anxiety and other negative feelings have a role to play in our lives. Tracy Dennis Tiwary, who recently published Future Tense: Why Anxiety Is Good for You, thinks our culture goes overboard in demonising(妖魔化) difficult emotions. She knows what it’s like to get overwhelmed by anxiety. “I remember a period at work when there was a lot going on. Worries kept waking me up at 4 am. It was like a yucky cloud of free-floating anxiety,” she says.
Instead of trying to repress this uneasy feeling, however, Dennis Tiwary leaned into it. She recognized the niggling thing, gave it space and learned from it. Finally she wrote down two or three things she could do to address it. The next morning, she felt calmer.
25．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1
A．He carries the wrong documents carelessly.
B．He is anxious about missing his flights or trains.
C．He feels ashamed about his tendency to be too careful now.
D．He enjoys spending extra time at airports and train stations.
26．What did the author find when he decided to fill up
A．The gas was used up. B．His unease disappeared.
C．He was caught in a crash. D．Something was wrong with his car.
27．What is Dennis Tiwary’s opinion about difficult emotions
A．They should be ignored. B．They are crucial to success.
C．They can be beneficial to our lives. D．They are disturbing and evil.
28．How did Dennis Tiwary deal with her anxiety
A．She sought professional help and solved her anxiety.
B．She rejected being anxious and focused on her work.
C．She embraced her anxiety and tried her best to face it.
D．She was immersed in pain and resigned to calm down.
（2023上·辽宁·高二东北育才学校校考阶段练习）That gentle attendant might have said something like, Excusez-moi Or Pardon But I could not even register (表达出) that he was speaking to me. I, in Paris for the very first time, was apparently deaf to even the cues (提示) of vocal tone and facial expression. Though I knew that my French was not good, it was then that I realized just being able to count to 15 and say “Je m’appelle Kyla” was not going to work.
I had tried very hard to learn some French before I went on my long-weekend. Despite all the available resources, I’d really had no intention of studying French in a meaningful way until I was in Paris. But as soon as I’d made up my mind, I ran into a roadblock. As a teenager. I’d learned Spanish almost passively, never receiving less than an A．Meanwhile, I’d taken Russian for a year, and learning a new alphabet and its grammar had given me an almost unshakable sense of confidence. So why, when trying to take up French, a language closest to English, could I not even remember how to use the most ordinary verb, etre
When, months after my trip, I still hadn’t gotten much further, I started to wonder... am I bad at this And though I was only in my 30s, was my lack of facility a result of aging
Yet alongside my frustration (沮丧), a surprising feeling emerged. Not discouragement—but delight in my failure. At 32, having lived in the same city for over ten years, having finished school and started a career, having achieved many of the milestones of young adulthood, it had been so long since I’d been an absolute beginner that being bad at something actually felt refreshing.
What so many people experience when they travel is the realization of how big the world is and how much more of it there is than you could have imagined. That’s what I gained—an expanded sense of belief, not limited by what I had already seen; a humble belief in the power of what I didn’t yet know.
29．What prevented the author understanding the attendant
A．The attendant’s accent. B．The author’s disability.
C．The author’s poor French. D．The attendant’s low tone.
30．How did the author feel about the lack of progress in learning French
A．Disappointed and embarrassed. B．Delighted and refreshed.
C．Indifferent and unconcerned. D．Confident and motivated.
31．What did the author gain from the travel experience in Paris
A．An increased ability to speak French. B．A desire to go abroad for-further study.
C．A sense of openness to unknown world. D．A feeling of accomplishment in career.
32．What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A．To share an unexpected blessing. B．To tell about an unpleasant trip in Paris.
C．To offer advice on traveling abroad. D．To recommend ways to learn a language.
（2023上·广东揭阳·高三统考期中）An American teacher who helped make college education accessible to low-income, immigrant, first-generation American, and refugee pupils has won the＄1 million Global Teacher Prize. Keishia Thorpe, an English teacher in Maryland, was selected from more than 8, 000 teachers in 121 countries.
“As a young girl from the circumstances that I come from, I would never have thought something like this would ever happen to me. I'm speechless. I’m overjoyed. I'm amazed. This is just an extraordinary achievement for me.” Ms. Thorpe said.
Ms. Thorpe teaches English to 12th-graders at the International High School Langley Park, where 95 percent of pupils are from low-income families. She redesigned their courses for the English department to make it culturally relevant to her pupils who are from mostly Africa, the Middle East, the Caribbean, and South America. Since then, her English language learners have shown a 40 percent increase in their reading.
Ms. Thorpe spent a lot of time encouraging her pupils to apply for college and helped them with their applications and accessing fully-funded scholarships. She helped her senior pupils in 2018-2019 win more than＄6.7 million in scholarships to 11 colleges, with most of them not having to pay for their education.
She plans to use the prize money to give less well-off pupils an opportunity of receiving a third level education. “Every person deserves the right to education and I want to be that person who champions that for them. I plan to use the money to help students worldwide access higher education.“ she said. “Students are the reason why I’m here, so I plan to use that to promote them and create a better future for them.”
Organized by UNESCO and first awarded in 2015, the Global Teacher Prize is an annual award to a teacher who has made a vast difference to the profession. The winner of this year was announced at a virtual ceremony in Paris on November 10th, 2021.
33．How do Thorpe’s redesigned courses influence her students
A．Students have spent more time reading.
B．Students are more aware of their culture.
C．More low-income students attend school.
D．More students apply for college education.
34．What best describes Thorpe
A．Selfless and strict. B．Frank and considerate.
C．Caring and devoted. D．Talented and humorous.
35．What can be learned about the Global Teacher Prize
A．It devotes much to college education.
B．It targets teachers with huge contributions.
C．It favors low-income immigrant teachers.
D．It encourages reforms in English teaching.
36．Which can be the best title for the text
A．A good teacher ensures a bright future
B．Teacher prize helps realize students’ dream
C．Immigrant teacher shares her moving story
D．High school teacher wins a SI million prize
（2023上·河北·高三石家庄一中校联考期中）Zachery Dereniowski, who goes by the name MDMotivator on social media, wanted to do something special for a local Detroit, Michigan, traffic controller officer, Linita Edge. So on Mother’s Day in 2023, he went out of his way to honor her.
Edge had recently become a single mother and was left to be the only breadwinner of her family. Becoming a single parent meant she struggled to make ends meet without a second income.
However, being a traffic controller was a job she did with joy because she loved helping people. The woman had been working in her post for six years, and when Dereniowski met Edge for the first time and asked why she did it, she said, “I do it for the people.”
Edge’s generosity and heart were paid back tenfold when Dereniowski, a stranger, approached her one day during her shift and started recording her. She was left shocked when the TikToker presented her with a special gift.
On May 14, 2023, Dereniowski shared a TikTok video of him recording Edge while on duty directing traffic. Instead of sending him away, she obliged(帮忙) by giving him an interview when he asked her if she wished to buy a mystery jersey(球衣) for $ 1. With joy, the traffic officer showed how much she loved people when she promised to buy the jersey after her shift.
He handed her $500 notes, and she couldn’t help but cry when he told her it was Mother’s Day and that he wanted to celebrate a mother. The woman proudly revealed she was born and raised in Detroit, and when asked if she was a Tigers’ fan, her reply was, “Of course!”
The video concluded with the working mother enjoying herself and smiling at the Tigers game, for which Dereniowski had bought tickets.
37．Why did Edge struggle to make ends meet
A．She couldn’t find a steady job. B．She had a low salary.
C．She was in heavy debt. D．She had to raise her family by herself.
38．How did Edge respond when receiving the notes
A．She cried with happiness. B．She bought a jersey immediately.
C．She agreed to give him an interview. D．She decided to go to the Tigers game.
39．What did the TikTok video end with
A．The image of the mother’s face. B．Edge watching the Tigers game.
C．Dereniowski interviewing Edge. D．Edge directing traffic on duty.
40．What can we infer about Zachery Dereniowski from the text
A．He is a TikTok Internet celebrity. B．He was born and raised in Detroit.
C．He was generous and considerate. D．He met Edge before he honored her.
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了6月4日来自美国的Katya及其他人被送入太空的细节和她的感受等。
1．细节理解题。由文章第二段“On June 4, Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin rocket carried its fifth group of passengers to the edge of space and Katya got an opportunity to apply for one of the six seats through a nonprofit called Space for Humanity. The previous flights had been all filled to capacity. (6月4日，杰夫·贝佐斯的蓝色起源火箭将第五批乘客送到了太空边缘，卡蒂亚有机会通过一个名为“人类太空”的非营利组织申请六个座位之一。之前的航班都已满员。)”可知，蓝色起源火箭将第五批乘客送到了太空边缘，之前的航班都已满员，每次六个座位，故已经运送了大约30名乘客。故选D。
2．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“The organization’s goal is to send passengers to space and allow them to experience the “overview effect”, a phenomenon astronauts have described after looking down at the Earth from the outside. (该组织的目标是将乘客送入太空，让他们体验“全景效应”，这是宇航员从外面俯瞰地球后所描述的一种现象。)”可知，“人类太空”的目标是让乘客感受到“全景效应”。故选C。
3．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Katya, an electrical engineer originally from Guadalajara, Mexico, was selected for the trip from a pool of 7,000 applicants from more than 100 countries based on her outstanding achievements in the space industry, and this met their requirement—sending “exceptional leaders” to experience. (Katya是一名来自墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉的电气工程师，基于她在太空工业的杰出成就，她从来自100多个国家的7000名申请者中被选中参加这次旅行，这符合他们的要求——派遣“杰出的领导者”去体验。)”可知，参与者的标准之一可能是必须是杰出的人才。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。由文章最后一段““The trip up was the most fascinating experience because a lot of us are used to traveling horizontally. But when you’ re in a rocket, you’ re going up vertically (垂直地) and that feels very strange,” Echazarreta said. “Seeing the Earth from the outside, I feel it really puts things into perspective. Everything that we’ve ever experienced—all of your problems, and all of your obstacles—and everything that feels like the end of the world to us sometimes, are all there. It feels so big to us, and yet it’s not, because I just left in a matter of minutes.” (“这次旅行是最迷人的经历，因为我们很多人都习惯了水平旅行。但是当你在火箭里的时候，你是垂直上升的，这感觉很奇怪，”埃查扎雷塔说。“从外面看地球，我觉得它真的让事情变得更有远见。我们所经历过的一切——你所有的问题，你所有的障碍——以及有时对我们来说像是世界末日的一切，都在那里。它对我们来说感觉很大，但其实不是，因为我几分钟后就离开了。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲卡蒂亚对太空之旅的见解。故选A。
5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章通过描述费城交响乐团小提琴家戴维·布斯50年前第一次来中国的见闻和演出，以及今天两国之间在音乐上的合作与交流，体现了音乐超越了地理边界和语言障碍的神奇力量。
5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Philadelphia Orchestra violinist Davyd Booth said, recalling his first tour in China 50 years ago.”（费城交响乐团小提琴家戴维·布斯回忆起50年前他首次访华时说。）和下文的具体描述可知，本文主要是描述布斯对他第一次访华的回忆。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“This month, 14 musicians from the Philadelphia Orchestra, including Booth, are returning to China, with performances scheduled in Beijing, Tianjin, Suzhou and Shanghai.”（本月，包括布斯在内的14名费城交响乐团的音乐家将回到中国，在北京、天津、苏州和上海进行演出。）和“Over the years, the orchestra (管弦乐团) has strengthened connections across China, with concerts and residencies that facilitate meaningful people-to-people interactions.”（多年来，乐团加强了与中国各地的联系，举办音乐会和驻地活动，促进了有意义的人与人之间的互动。）可知，中美两国之间的音乐交流依然很积极、活跃。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“He had just auditioned (试演) and got accepted into the orchestra that year. His official start date was scheduled after the orchestra’s return from China, but Booth received a call from the personnel manager informing him that someone had fallen ill. He then took the place and went to China.”（那年，他刚刚参加了试演，并被乐团录取了。他的正式开始日期定于乐团从中国回来后，但布斯接到人事经理的电话，通知他有人生病了，然后他代替他去了中国。）可知，布斯本来是不在去中国的人员名单中的，因为有人突然生病，他代替了他的位置才得到了去中国的机会，所以是一个意外。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“As vast fields surrounding Beijing and Shanghai transformed into towering skyscrapers, and old bicycles gave way to motor vehicles, the essence of music communication remained unchanged over these shifts.”（当北京和上海周围的广阔田野变成了高耸的摩天大楼，旧自行车被机动车取代，音乐交流的本质在这些变化中保持不变。）和第三段“The tour marks the 50th anniversary (周年纪念日) of their first visit in the 1970s, celebrating the unique friendship between China and the United States. Over the years, the orchestra (管弦乐团) has strengthened connections across China, with concerts and residencies that facilitate meaningful people-to-people interactions.”（ 这次访问是为了纪念他们在20世纪70年代首次访问美国50周年，庆祝中美之间独特的友谊。多年来，乐团加强了与中国各地的联系，举办音乐会和驻地活动，促进了有意义的人与人之间的互动。）可知，文章表明，音乐有着交流沟通的本质，它促进了中美两国的交流和互动，加强了两国之间的联系，起到了搭建桥梁的作用。故选A。
9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了作为一名字谜爱好者，作者通过不断努力终于将自己设计的字谜发表在了《纽约时报》上。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’d solved newspaper crossword puzzles for many years, but I had little patience and wasn’t very good. So when I started my cross wording again during those long trips, I was determined to become a better solver. However, after noticing that all of The New York Times puzzles had bylines(署名行),I figured, “Why couldn’t one of them be mine ””（多年来，我一直在解决报纸上的填字游戏，但我没有耐心，也做得不太好。所以当我在长途旅行中再次开始填字游戏时，我下定决心要成为一个更好的解决者。然而，在注意到《纽约时报》上所有的谜题都有署名后，我想，“为什么不能有一个是我的呢？”）可知，作者看到《纽约时报》的字谜都有署名行，然后就打算亲自设计字谜，做填字游戏。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“After reading, rereading, and more rereading of my puzzle, I decided that it was as good as it was ever going to be. So I sent it off to The Times and anxiously waited for their response. Several weeks later, I received an email from a staffer writing on behalf of editor Will Shortz. His answer was basic, “Thanks, but no thanks.” What’s worse, I received nearly the same rejection from Shortz and his colleagues for the next several puzzles I submitted.”（在阅读了一遍又一遍的阅读我的谜题之后，我觉得它已经足够好了。所以我把它寄给了《纽约时报》，焦急地等待他们的回复。几周后，我收到了一封代表编辑威尔·肖特兹写的邮件。他的回答很简单：“谢谢，但不用了。”更糟糕的是，我随后提交的几款谜题也遭到了肖特兹及其同事的拒绝。）可知，作者对自己设计的字谜很有信心，但是得到的回复都是拒绝由此可推断，这种落差会让他感到失望。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A few months later, I got something new in my inbox: an actual acceptance message from The New York Times! They changed some of the clues to be more straightforward. Anyway, my hard work finally paid off. Naturally, I told all my friends and family to get a copy of the paper on the publication date, March 21,2021.”（几个月后，我的收件箱里有了新东西：一封来自《纽约时报》的录用信！他们改变了一些线索，使其更直接。总之，我的努力终于有了回报。自然地，我告诉我所有的朋友和家人我的字谜刊登在2021年3月21日出版的那期报纸上。）可知，在Mark的帮助下，作者的付出终于有了回报。《纽约时报》对其字谜稍作修改后，使线索直接了，然后刊登在2021年3月21日出版的那期报纸上。故选C项。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now I’ve made a lot in my spare time. Even if constructing a puzzle feels like an impossible task from time to time, it’s probably not. Very few things in life are truly impossible.”（现在我在业余时间赚了很多钱。即使构建谜题有时感觉像是一项不可能完成的任务，但事实可能并非如此。生活中很少有事情是真正不可能的。）可知，作者利用业余时间已经设计了很多字谜，由此可见他对字谜的热爱是坚定不移的。故选B项。
13．B 14．C 15．D 16．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。克里斯汀·比尔因为小时候的一次意外，脑部和脊髓都受到了重创，然而她乐观、开朗，通过写作走出了悲剧，开始了新的生活。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Previously, being a Henrico’s Deep Run High School student, Beale took part in the competitions of cheerleading and hockey.(此前，作为亨利科的 Deep Run 高中学生，比尔参加了啦啦队和曲棍球比赛。)”可推断，Beale以前是一位活跃的小女孩。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Her parents discovered a hospital in California for people struggling with spinal cord injuries and flew Beale there to spend four hours a day for more than a month relearning tasks and strengthening her muscles. She traveled to California nine times for this.(她的父母在加利福尼亚发现了一家专为脊髓损伤患者服务的医院，并让比尔在一个多月的时间里每天花四个小时重新学习任务，加强肌肉。她为此跑了九次加州。)”可知，比尔九次飞往加利福尼亚是为了进行康复治疗。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。 根据第四段“To process her thoughts, Beale began writing about her experiences. By the time she finished, she’d written32 stories. She then gathered them into her first nonfiction book, Greater Things, which was about how people react to her and how she has overcome her injuries.(为了整理思绪，比尔开始写下自己的经历。到她完成的时候，她已经写了32个故事。随后，她将这些经历整理成她的第一本非虚构作品《更伟大的事情》(Greater Things)，讲述了人们对她的反应，以及她如何克服自己的伤痛。)”可知，比尔的纪实书Greater Things 是根据她自己的亲身经历写的。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。 根据第二段“I wanted to disprove everything they had on their list(我想证明他们名单上的一切都是假的)”和最后一段的内容“Additionally, Beale has created the first episode(集) of a YouTube show based on her book Date Me, medaled as a wheelchair fencer and finished 16 marathons with a wheelchair since 2011.“I’ve worked hard to get to where I am,” she said.(此外，比尔还根据她的书《约我约会》制作了一档YouTube节目的第一集，并获得了轮椅击剑运动员的奖牌，自2011年以来，她还坐着轮椅跑完了16场马拉松。“我努力工作才走到今天的位置，”她说。)”可推断，比尔是一个乐观且意志坚定的人。故选A。
17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“This morning, I called my brother, Larry, and said, “I have a piece of good news and ad piece of bad news. Which do you want to hear first ” “Good news first,” Larry answered. “You can go to sleep early tonight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad one ” he asked. “We’re going to the opera!” I answered, laughing loudly.”（今天早上，我打电话给我哥哥拉里，说：“我有一个好消息和一个坏消息。你想先听哪个？“先说好消息，”拉里回答。“今晚你可以早点睡觉，”我说。“好吧。哪个是坏的？他问。“我们要去看歌剧！”我大声笑着回答。）可推知，作者是通过引用对话来展开第二段的。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Actually, most of the time, when the game was on, I’d be texting or daydreaming.”（事实上，大多数时候，当比赛开始时，我都在发短信或做白日梦。）可推知，作者对篮球比赛的最初反应是满不在乎的。故选C项。
19．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“However, today, as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined to at least give it a try—for my brother’s sake, if not for my own.”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。）以及“My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself!”（我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）由此可知，此处为游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。故可猜测划线单词hooked为“迷住”的意思，结合选项Addicted“沉迷的”意思一致。故选A项。
20．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Larry and I have always had our basic values in common, but our interests are as far apart as opera and basketball. I love art, and he is a huge sports fan.”（拉里和我一直有共同的基本价值观，但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，而他是一个狂热的体育迷。）可知，提到作者喜欢歌剧。和最后一段中“However, today, as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined to at least give it a try—for my brother’s sake, if not for my own. The game was intense, and I was hooked soon. When the other team scored, I eventually felt a bit disappointed with the rest of my crowd. My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself!”（然而，今天，当我看到周围成千上万的人在欢呼，越来越兴奋时，我决定至少试一试——如果不是为了我自己，也是为了我哥哥。游戏很激烈，我很快就被迷住了。当另一支球队得分时，我终于对我的其他观众感到有点失望。我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己也惊呆了！）可知，讲的是作者被篮球比赛吸引住了。由此可知，文章主要讲的是作者从一开始的喜欢歌剧，对哥哥喜欢的篮球不感兴趣，到后来决定试一试认真观看比赛，居然被篮球比赛给吸引住了，对此产生了浓厚的兴趣的故事。故文章最好的标题是“从歌剧到篮球”。故选B项。
21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位来自埃及的叫萨拉姆的人，在得知一位患病儿童得到假发后，开始筹资为癌症患儿设计和提供免费假发，帮助他们重获信心和力量。对于这些患儿来说，他能做的或许不多，但带给他们情感和道德上的支持，帮助他们度过这个艰难的病痛时期。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Five-year-old Mustafa is smiling for the first time in ages. She did not receive a new toy or her favorite candy; rather, she got a wig (假发).(五岁的穆斯塔法这么多年来第一次露出了笑容。她没有收到新玩具或她最喜欢的糖果；相反，她得到了一顶假发。)”以及第二段中“Mustafa had to go through painful procedures after being diagnosed with cancer at an early age. Her father expressed her sadness when she lost her hair after months of chemotherapy (化疗). (穆斯塔法在很小的时候就被诊断出患有癌症，不得不经历痛苦的手术。数月化疗后，她的头发掉光了，她父亲表达了她的悲伤。)”可知，穆斯塔法因为被诊断患有癌症，经过数月的化疗后头发掉光了，因此相比于收到新玩具或者最喜欢的糖果，收到一顶假发对她来说是更有意义的。故第一段提到了玩具和糖果是为了突出假发的价值。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第二段中““She saw children of her age jumping in playgrounds and spending hours styling their hair, while she couldn’t. Losing her hair made her hopeless, negatively impacting her response to treatment,” the girl’s father said.(她看到和她同龄的孩子在操场上蹦蹦跳跳，花上几个小时做发型，而她却不能。失去头发让她绝望，对她的治疗产生了负面影响，”女孩的父亲说。)”可知，看到别的孩子在操场上蹦蹦跳跳，花上几个小时做发型，而穆斯塔法却不能，失去头发让她绝望，对她的治疗产生了负面影响即失去头发让她极度沮丧。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Salam took up his mission when he saw a viral video on social media of a young cancer patient who was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the moment when he decided to provide free wigs to children with cancer to lift up their spirits.(萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了一段走红的视频，视频中一位年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，于是他开始了自己的使命。就在那一刻，他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发，让他们振作起来。)”可知，萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了一段视频：一位年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，就是在这一刻他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发即他对那些因为癌症进行化疗而失去头发的孩子们的同情和理解，才让他开始为那些孩子们制作假发的使命。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Salam took up his mission when he saw a viral video on social media of a young cancer patient who was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the moment when he decided to provide free wigs to children with cancer to lift up their spirits.(萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了一段走红的视频，视频中一位年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，于是他开始了自己的使命。就在那一刻，他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发，让他们振作起来。)”可知，萨拉姆在社交媒体上看到了年轻的癌症患者因获得新假发而兴奋不已，就是在这一刻他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发，他对那些因为癌症进行化疗而失去头发的孩子们是同情和理解，由此表明他是一个情感上敏感的人；同时根据最后一段中““Children need the emotional and moral support to go through this tough illness.” He added, “Losing their hair drives them to withdraw into themselves out of fear and embarrassment. I cannot help in their treatment, but I can help them get through it.”(“孩子们需要情感和精神上的支持来度过这场艰难的疾病。”他补充说：“脱发会让她们出于恐惧和尴尬而封闭自己。我不能帮助他们治疗，但我可以帮助他们度过难关。”)”可知，萨拉姆克服困难，在情感上和精神上去帮助和支持那些因为癌症化疗而掉发的孩子们，体现出他是善良并善解人意的。故选C。
25．B 26．D 27．C 28．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过作者自身的经历和Tracy Dennis Tiwary的经历讲述了焦虑并不一定是坏事。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I am an anxious traveller. I arrive at airports and train stations extra early.(我是一个焦虑的旅行者。我很早就到达机场和火车站。)”可知，作者很早就到达机场和火车站，是一个焦虑的旅行者，由此可推测出，作者担心自己会错过航班或列车。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So when I spied a petrol station just before the road I was going to take onto the motorway, I decided to fill up. Just in case. And that’s when I discovered that one of my front tyres was flat.(所以，当我在我要上高速公路的路上发现一个加油站时，我决定加油。只是以防万一。就在那时，我发现我的一个前轮胎漏气了。)”可知，当作者决定加油时，发现车的前轮胎漏气了。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A growing number of psychologists and neuroscientists agree anxiety and other negative feelings have a role to play in our lives. Tracy Dennis Tiwary, who recently published Future Tense: Why Anxiety Is Good for You, thinks our culture goes overboard in demonising(妖魔化) difficult emotions.(越来越多的心理学家和神经科学家一致认为，焦虑和其他负面情绪在我们的生活中发挥着作用。Tracy Dennis Tiwary最近出版了《未来时态：为什么焦虑对你有好处》，她认为我们的文化过于妖魔化困难的情绪。)”可知，Tracy Dennis Tiwary等人认为焦虑和其他负面情绪在我们的生活中发挥作用，结合她书名中的“Why Anxiety Is Good for You”可推出，她认为焦虑等负面情绪对我们的生活有好处。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Instead of trying to repress this uneasy feeling, however, Dennis Tiwary leaned into it. She recognized the niggling thing, gave it space and learned from it. Finally she wrote down two or three things she could do to address it.(然而，Dennis Tiwary并没有试图压抑这种不安的感觉，而是专注于它。她意识到烦人的事情，给它空间，并从中学习。最后，她写下了两三件她可以做的事情来解决它。)”可知，她没有抑制焦虑，而是专注于它，并寻找方法解决她，由此可推测出，她接受自己的焦虑，并努力面对焦虑。故选C。
29．C 30．B 31．C 32．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者法国旅行发生的事情和感受。
29．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“I, in Paris for the very first time, was apparently deaf to even the cues (提示) of vocal tone and facial expression. Though I knew that my French was not good, it was then that I realized just being able to count to 15 and say “Je m’appelle Kyla” was not going to work. (我第一次来到巴黎，显然连声音和面部表情的暗示都一无所知。虽然我知道我的法语不好，但那时我才意识到，仅仅能够数到15，然后说“Je m 'appelle Kyla”是行不通的。)”可知，作者的法语很差，因此作者没能理解服务员的意思。故选C。
30．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Yet alongside my frustration (沮丧), a surprising feeling emerged. Not discouragement—but delight in my failure. (然而，在我沮丧的同时，一种令人惊讶的感觉出现了。不是气馁，而是为失败而高兴。)”和“it had been so long since I’d been an absolute beginner that being bad at something actually felt refreshing (我已经很久没有成为一个绝对的初学者了，所以在某件事上表现不佳实际上让我感到耳目一新。)”可知，作者对法语学习缺乏进展这件事高兴又精神抖擞。故选B。
31．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“That’s what I gained—an expanded sense of belief, not limited by what I had already seen; a humble belief in the power of what I didn’t yet know. (这就是我所获得的——一种扩展的信念，不受我已经看到的东西的限制；谦卑地相信未知事物的力量。)”可知，作者从巴黎的旅行经历中获得一种对未知世界的开放感。故选C。
32．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“What so many people experience when they travel is the realization of how big the world is and how much more of it there is than you could have imagined. That’s what I gained—an expanded sense of belief, not limited by what I had already seen; a humble belief in the power of what I didn’t yet know. (许多人在旅行时所经历的是意识到世界有多大，比你想象的要多得多。这就是我所获得的——一种扩展的信念，不受我已经看到的东西的限制；谦卑地相信未知事物的力量。)”可知，作者从巴黎的旅行经历中获得一种对未知世界的开放感，故作者写这篇文章的目的是分享一个意想不到的祝福。故选A。
33．A 34．C 35．B 36．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了高中英语教师Keishia Thorpe获得了百万全球教师奖。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“She redesigned their courses for the English department to make it culturally relevant to her pupils who are from mostly Africa, the Middle East, the Caribbean, and South America. Since then, her English language learners have shown a 40 percent increase in their reading.(她为英语系重新设计了他们的课程，使之在文化上与她的学生相关，这些学生大部分来自非洲、中东、加勒比海和南美洲。从那以后，她的英语学习者的阅读时间提高了40% 。)”可知，Thorpe重新设计的课程使学生花更多的时间来阅读，故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段“Ms. Thorpe spent a lot of time encouraging her pupils to apply for college and helped them with their applications and accessing fully-funded scholarships. She helped her senior pupils in 2018-2019 win more than ＄6.7 million in scholarships to 11 colleges, with most of them not having to pay for their education.(索普女士花了很多时间鼓励她的学生申请大学，帮助他们申请并获得全额资助的奖学金。2018-2019年，她帮助她的高年级学生获得了超过670万美元的奖学金，进入了11所大学，其中大多数人不必支付教育费用。)”可推知，Thorpe关心他人且乐于奉献，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Organized by UNESCO and first awarded in 2015, the Global Teacher Prize is an annual award to a teacher who has made a vast difference to the profession.(全球教师奖由联合国教科文组织主办，于2015年首次颁发，每年颁发给在教师专业方面发挥重大作用的教师。)”可知，全球教师奖为做出巨大贡献的教师颁奖。故选B。
36．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“An American teacher who helped make college education accessible to low-income, immigrant, first-generation American, and refugee pupils has won the＄1 million Global Teacher Prize.Keishia Thorpe, an English teacher in Maryland, was selected from more than 8, 000 teachers in 121 countries.(一位帮助低收入、移民、第一代美国学生和难民学生接受大学教育的美国教师获得了价值100万美元的全球教师奖。凯希娅·索普是马里兰州的一名英语教师，她是从121个国家的8000多名教师中挑选出来的。)”可知，文章主要介绍了高中英语教师Keishia Thorpe获得了百万全球教师奖，D项“高中老师赢得了一百万美元的奖金”适合作文章标题，故选D。
37．D 38．A 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位努力工作的单身母亲在母亲节收到特殊礼物的故事。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Edge had recently become a single mother and was left to be the only breadwinner of her family.(Edge最近成为了一名单身母亲，成为家里唯一的经济支柱。)”可知，她成了一位单身母亲，需要独自赚钱养家。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“He handed her $500 notes, and she couldn’t help but cry when he told her it was Mother’s Day and that he wanted to celebrate a mother.(他递给她500美元的钞票，当他告诉她今天是母亲节，他想为一位母亲庆祝时，她忍不住哭了。)”可知，Dereniowski给了Edge 500美元，他想为一位母亲庆祝母亲节，她忍不住哭了起来，由此可知，Edge 喜极而泣。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The video concluded with the working mother enjoying herself and smiling at the Tigers game, for which Dereniowski had bought tickets.(视频结束时，这位工作的母亲开心地微笑着观看老虎队的比赛，Dereniowski已经购买了比赛的门票。)”可知，视频以这位母亲开心地微笑着观看老虎队的比赛而结束。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“He handed her $500 notes, and she couldn’t help but cry when he told her it was Mother’s Day and that he wanted to celebrate a mother.(他递给她500美元的钞票，当他告诉她今天是母亲节，他想为一位母亲庆祝时，她忍不住哭了。)”和最后一段“The video concluded with the working mother enjoying herself and smiling at the Tigers game, for which Dereniowski had bought tickets.(视频结束时，这位工作的母亲开心地微笑着观看老虎队的比赛，Dereniowski已经购买了比赛的门票。)”可知，Dereniowski在母亲节当天想要为身为母亲的Edge庆祝，给了她500美元，并为她买了她喜爱球队的比赛门票，说明他慷慨而体贴。故选C。