专备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递题07： 阅读理解之议论文10篇(第一期)(新高考专用)（含解析）

备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(新高考专用)
第一期
专题07 阅读理解之议论文10篇
（2024·云南·云南省下关第一中学校联考模拟预测）Antony Aumann, a religious studies and philosophy professor at Northern Michigan University told Insider he had caught his student submitting essays written by the AI chatbot, and Aumann had his student rewrite the essay.
It’s not just his struggling with the rise of AI chatbots like ChatGPT. As a result of these tools becoming accessible to anybody with an Internet connection, education departments across the entire country are adjusting work process and redesigning entire courses, according to the NYT, forcing students to submit handwritten essays or introducing oral exams. The New York City and Seattle public school systems have already banned ChatGPT on their own networks and devices. “I think the consideration behind the ban is reasonable,” Aumann said. “They want to make sure that their students are learning the critical thinking skills that are part of learning how to write.”
But universities aren’t likely to follow the ban. After all, going around these restrictions is quite easy. Even tools designed to assist teachers in catching students secretly making use of AI tools like ChatGPT will probably be of little use, because students can change a few words from what ChatGPT produced, add some grammatical mistakes on purpose, and the detectors no longer think it’s written by a chatbot.
Besides, some professors including Aumann argued that the cat is already out of the bag. Once students are captured by ChatGPT’s convenience and efficiency, it’d be pointless to fight ChatGPT in the classroom.
Instead of absolute prohibition, Aumann suggested encouraging their students to react to ChatGPT in the same way they react to learning source—they will be asked to evaluate its reasons and arguments.
1．Why did the author mention Aumann’s case in paragraph 1
A．To spread a tool of AI chatbots. B．To start a discussion on ChatGPT.
C．To introduce ChatGPT technology. D．To share a public concern on college education.
2．Why is ChatGPT banned by some school systems
A．Teachers can have easy access to ChatGPT.
B．Teachers can catch students cheating easily.
C．ChatGPT fails to develop learners’ competence.
D．ChatGPT blocks the improvement of education systems.
3．What does “the cat is already out of the bag” really mean in paragraph 4
A．Students will be caught cheating through ChatGPT.
B．It cannot be avoided that ChatGPT attracts students.
C．Teachers decide to lake action to address the problem.
D．The cat manages to escape from being caught eventually.
4．What’s Aumann’s attitude to ChatGPT
A．Worried. B．Subjective.
C．Objective. D．Indifferent.
（2023·西藏日喀则·统考一模）Is there a link between social media and depression Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health It’s complicated.
Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just-rolled-out-of-bed hair. On the other hand, there are times when you laugh at funny memes (表情包), catch up with old friends, and feel happy to belong to fun social media communities. Clearly, social media isn’t all bad.
People are increasingly suspecting that there’re potential problems of social media. Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌) , screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news. In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying — screen time is horrible for young people.
The study followed over 3,800 adolescents over four years as part of a drug and alcohol prevention program. Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms. One of their main findings was that higher amounts of social media use were associated with higher levels of depression. That was true both when the researches compared between people and compared each person against their own mental health over time.
Case closed Not so fast. Before we end the debate once and for all, let’s take a closer look at this and other studies. Let’s ask ourselves: what exactly is the relationship between social media use and depression It turns out there are several warnings.
5．Why do people sometimes feel bad when looking through Instagram
A．They lack contact with old friends. B．They can travel nowhere.
C．They don’t look perfect. D．They feel unbalanced.
6．Why is the article in journal JAMA mentioned
A．To comment. B．To prove. C．To suggest. D．To explore.
7．Which may agree with the findings of the study
A．Depression is related to social media use.
B．Teens’ amount of screen time is limited.
C．It is not easy to tell reasons for depression.
D．Social media contributes to physical health.
8．What’s the best title of the text
A．How to reduce depression B．Does social media cause depression
C．Shall people reduce screen time D．Why is it time to give up social media
（2023·福建泉州·泉州五中校考一模）Technology seems to discourage slow reading. Reading on screens tires eyes easily. So online writing is more skimmable than print. The neuroscientist Mary Walt argued this “new norm” of skim reading is producing “an invisible, dramatic transformation” in how readers process words. And brains now favor rapid absorption of information, rather than skills developed by deeper reading, like critical analysis.
We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as we learn to read more skillfully. And fears about declining attention spans have proved to be false alarms. “Some critics worry about attention span and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline, ” The American author Selvin wrote. “But nobody ever said poems were evidence of short attention spans. ”
Yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. First, it means there’s more to read, because more people than ever are writing. And digital writing means rapid release and response. Once published, online articles start forming a comment string underneath. Such mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun, but is probably lacking in profound reflection.
Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a source of personal achievement. But this advocacy emphasizes “enthusiastic” or “eager” reading — neither suggest slow absorption. To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in their slow comprehension of words. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he’s done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.
The human need for this kind of deep reading is too determined for any new technology to destroy. We often assume technological change can’t be stopped, so older media are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle hasn’t killed off printed books any more than cars killed off bicycles. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.
9．What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin’s opinion
A．Favorable. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
10．Which statement would the author probably agree with
A．Advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading.
B．Digital writing and reading tends to ignore careful reflection.
C．We should be aware of the impact skimming has on the brain.
D．The number of Internet readers declines due to technology.
11．Why is “swimmer” mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To demonstrate how to immerse oneself in thought.
B．To stress swimming differs from reading.
C．To show slow reading is better than fast reading.
D．To illustrate what slow reading is like.
12．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Slow Reading is Here to Stay
B．Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C．Reflections on Deep Reading
D．The Wonder of Deep Reading
（2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测）It’s unlikely that you come home from a trip and stand on top of your bed still wearing your street shoes. For some travellers, putting their suitcase on their bed is just as disgusting (令人反感的). The wheels of our luggage paced the same soiled path as our shoes, rolling through airport bathrooms, sidewalks and public transportation.
While it might sound terrible to put a worldly bag on your bed, is it actually harmful to your health According to Phyllis Kozarsky, an expert travel health consultant, most public health professionals don’t consider luggage a major transmitter (传播者) of disease.
“We have not identified outbreaks related to dirty luggage,” Kozarsky says. Travellers may benefit from cleaning their luggage if they suspect that their hotel rooms are overrun with bedbugs. “Then they certainly would benefit by cleaning it after they returned home,” Kozarsky says.
Even if your luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you, you might still be disgusted. After all, travel is an experience full of bacteria. “You have people... carrying all types of different bacteria. Some of them are sick, and you now have them populating these public travel places,” says Colleen Costello, CEO of Vital Vio, a company that makes antibacterial LED lights. Your fellow travellers have to touch all the same things you have to touch, from the TSA checkpoint to the airplane, the train ticketing machine to the handrail in your train car.
For peace of mind, Costello recommends giving your bag a quick disinfection or storing it on a luggage shelf. Of course, you could go beyond disinfecting your luggage wheels and clean thoroughly the rest of your travel experience — the airplane tray table, hotel room door and remote control.
But Kozarsky doesn’t guarantee that lifestyle. “It’s hard to keep up with every doorhandle, every railing,” Kozarsky says. “You can become a little neurotic (神经质的) that way.”
13．What’s the function of the first paragraph
A．To predict the conclusion. B．To present the argument.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To describe the phenomenon.
14．What does Kozarsky convey by explaining the luggage-cleaning case
A．Luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you. B．Luggage spreads disease through your bed.
C．It’s a must to clean your luggage after travelling. D．Travellers should be careful of on-way dangers.
15．How does Costello support his opinion
A．By giving examples. B．By stating facts.
C．By making comparisons. D．By listing figures.
16．What does Kozarsky think of Costello’s suggestion
A．It has gone too far. B．It’s absolutely worthless.
C．It sounds somewhat reasonable. D．It’s worth taking into consideration.
（2023·福建·统考一模）Marilu Arce loves her job, but for a time she considered leaving. The traffic-plagued commute from her home to her office, nearly two hours each way, meant her daughters couldn’t enroll in after school activities because she couldn’t get home in time to take them.
Then her employer adopted a policy permitting her to work from home two days a week, and “I feel like it changed my life,” she said. Her stress level has dropped. Her daughters are thrilled. She likes her job more. That’s the type of reaction Arce’s boss likes to hear as the company measures the success of the work-from-home policy which was instituted three years ago in hopes of improving employee retention. So far, it seems to be working: turnover was less than five percent last year—its lowest ever.
Flexible work policies top employee wish lists when they look for a job, and employers increasingly have been offering them. Studies have shown working remotely increases employee engagement, but in moderation because there is still value in the relationships nurtured when colleagues are face to face. The key, advocates of flexible work policies say, is to match the environment with the type of work that needs to be done.
The flexibility hasn’t hurt productivity, which is up 50 percent. There is “something lost” when colleagues don’t gather at the water cooler, but it’s outweighed by the retention and happiness gains, he said. As jobs that require physical work decline, thanks to technological advances, life superficially appears to get better. Consumers benefit in the form of cheaper prices. Labor-saving appliances all make things easier and suggest that even more and better benefits are on the horizon. But is something lost
Talk long enough to the most accomplished academics, they will brag about a long-ago college summer job waiting tables or repairing hiking trails. They might praise the installer who redid their kitchen. There seems to be a human instinct to want to do physical work. The proliferation of hard-work reality-television programming reflects this apparent need. Indeed, the more we have become immobile and urbanized, the more we tune in to watch reality television’s truckers, loggers, farmers, drillers and rail engineers. In a society that supposedly despises menial jobs, the television ratings for such programmes suggest that lots of Americans enjoy watching people of action, who work with their hands.
Physical work, in its eleventh hour within a rapidly changing Western culture, still intrigues us in part because it remains the foundation for 21st century complexity. Before any of us can teach, write or speculate, we must first have food, shelter and safety. And for a bit longer, that will require some people to cut grapes and nail two-by-sixes. No apps or 3D printers exist to produce brown rice. Physical labour also promotes human versatility: Those who do not do it, or who do not know how to do it, become divorced from—and, at the same time, dependent on—labourers. Lawyers, accountants and journalists living in houses with yards and driving cars to work thus count on a supporting infrastructure of electricians, landscapers and mechanics. In that context, physical labour can provide independence, at least in a limited sense of not being entirely reliant on a host of hired workers.
17．The author mentions the example of Arce to show that________.
A．she dislikes the present job for the long commuting time
B．she is having trouble balancing work and school life
C．people usually don’t work hard outside office
D．employers are facing the problem of staff drain
18．The practice of flexible working time is based on the belief that________.
A．it helps to increase job satisfaction for the employees
B．it improves harmonious relationship among colleagues
C．the decline in physical work gives employees more mobility
D．employees are entitled to request it according to their work
19．What is the possible reason for the popularity of hard-work reality-television programmes
A．They entertain those employees burned out with overwork.
B．People can learn some basic labour skills from these programmes.
C．There’s an ongoing need for physical labour skills that technology doesn’t possess.
D．They offer instructive information for both employers and employees.
20．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．The Emergence of Alternative Work Arrangements
B．The Rise of Automation, the Decline in Need for Labour
C．Time to Rethink in the Face of the Evolution of Work
D．New Challenges for Today’s Employers and Academics
（2023春·安徽池州·高三池州市第一中学校考阶段练习）Who is a genius This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us And who are they
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief — they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender (性别) are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance (毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
21．What’s the author’s attitude towards victors’ standards for joining the genius club
A．Positive. B．Objective.
C．Skeptical. D．Unclear.
22．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.
23．Why are more geniuses known to the public
A．Because of improved global communication.
B．Because of less discrimination against women.
C．Because of acceptance of victors’ concepts.
D．Because of changes in people’s social positions.
24．What is the best title for the text
A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius and the Future World
C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius May Belong to Different Categories
（2023秋·重庆渝北·高三重庆市渝北中学校校考阶段练习）Any image taken from space confirms that we live on an ocean planet. How strange that we call our planet “Earth,” derived from a Germanic word meaning “the ground,” when more than 70 percent of its surface is covered by ocean.
We need more people to see the sea. Right now, less than 3 percent of the ocean is considered highly protected. Experts urge that at least 30 percent be protected to safeguard marine(海洋的) ecosystems, which in turn will help protect our health and well-being. The ocean supplies more than half our oxygen, absorbs carbon dioxide, regulates our climate, and supports much of the world’s economy. We need it a lot more than it needs us.
Take Florida, for example, one of the United States’ recreational hot spots. It’s bordered by the Florida Reef Tract, North America’s only living coral barrier reef and the third largest in the world. Home to more than 500 species of fish, the reef is also essential to the Sunshine State’s economy, generating an estimated $1.1 billion annually in tourism. The reef buffers(保护) the coastline, too, since health y coral reefs absorb 97 percent of a wave’s energy. Three-quarters of Florida’s 22 million people live along the coast, and the Florida Reef Tract provides more than $650 million in combined economic activity and flood protection.
A November 2022 study from the University of Miami has found that 70 percent of Florida’s coral reefs are experiencing a net loss of reef habitat. Directly facing these concerns is what I mean by seeing the sea—the good, the bad, the important. Knowledge is power, and we can use it to inform our choices, from traveling more mindfully, to examining how we run our businesses, to voting. “No one can do everything, but everyone can do something,” Sylvia Earle, oceanographer and National Geographic Explorer at Large, is fond of saying.
The ocean is a remarkable teacher, and it’s never too late to start learning.
25．What does the sea do for our human
A．The sea changes our climate.
B．The sea controls carbon dioxide for us.
C．The sea produces all the oxygen we need.
D．The sea provides economical benefits for us.
26．What does the writer suggest
A．Travelling more, learning more.
B．Running our business creatively.
C．Raising awareness of conservation.
D．Doing some voting before actions.
27．Where is the passage probably from
A．A scientific fiction. B．A news report.
C．A travel journal. D．A natural magazine.
28．What is a suitable title for the text
A．To Hug the Ocean Tightly.
B．To Learn the Ocean Devotedly.
C．To Clean the Ocean Carefully.
D．To Love the Ocean Permanently.
（2023·四川·校联考模拟预测）The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.
FOR
◆ Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精). Cloning could also provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child died.
◆ Another goal of cloning is to produce livestock (家畜) with ideal characters for agriculture and industry and to be able to manufacture biological products such as proteins for humans.
◆ Cloning could be used in various ways to benefit the lives of humans.
◆ It may provide a way for completely sterile individuals to reproduce! It may provide a way for homosexual couples to reproduce themselves, and it will probably provide a valuable basic research and possibly spin off technologies related to reproduction and development.
◆ Cloning would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect organs for transplant. This surely would be immensely beneficial to millions of unfortunate people who are expected to lose their lives due to failure of a single organ or more organs.
AGAINST
◆ Cloning would intervene in the normal cycle of life. There would be a large number of identical (相同的) genes, which minimizes (使减少到最低限度) the chances of mutation (变异), and, in turn, evolution—the fundamental reason why living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment.
◆ With genetic engineering and human cloning it is possible to use these in the arsenal (兵工厂) of ethnic cleansing (清洗) creating inequality in our society, which would be the beginning of many wars.
◆ Another argument against cloning is that it would be available only to the wealthy and therefore would increase social inequality.
◆ If the technology were to be so, scientists could transfer human genes into animals’ and vice versa, which would heighten the danger of developing zoonoses, diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. It could create a worldwide catastrophe that no one would be able to stop.
◆ Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling our world into chaotic darkness.
◆ Cloning dead loved ones will not bring them back; they may look like them, but they will have a different personality.
29．If a single lady wants a baby but she does not accept artificial insemination, she might ________.
A．think about cloning technology to copy one
B．be against having a child from cloning technology
C．produce livestock with ideal characters
D．speak little of the cloning technology
30．The purpose of the writer writing the passage is to ________.
A．encourage us to support the ideas of FOR
B．advise us to accept the ideas of AGAINST
C．tell us to understand the ideas of FOR and AGAINST correctly
D．introduce us to remember the ideas of FOR and AGAINST
31．What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning
A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
32．What would be the best title for the passage
A．How many advantages are there B．How many disadvantages are there
C．Which side is wrong D．Which side are you with
（2023·四川·校联考模拟预测）Nearly 10,000 protesters came out in support of the Black Lives Matter rally in London. Londoners filled Victoria Park in support of the Black Lives Matter movement against the systemic racism and police brutality (暴行) happening in the United States and Canada.
The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police officer was filmed kneeling on his neck. Floyd’s death in Minneapolis was only the latest in a number of cases of Black men dying while in police custody.
“Racism happens here, it happens to me, it happens to my son, it happens to my friends, and we have just been quiet and silent for far too long,” said Alexandra Kane, a spokesperson for Black Lives Matter London movement. She is hoping that from the Black Lives Matter movements they can see reform and changes within the government so that both Black and Indigenous people are “viewed and treated fairly”. “We want people within our own Black community to know we support each other. We don’t often congregate and come together, but now we can do so safely without the fear of being put into a stereotypical category.”
“I can’t even begin to name all of the times in the 18 years of my life that someone or something has made me feel less than because of the color of my skin,” one of the organizers, Simone Schacht, said when speaking at the rally. Meanwhile, “It disgusts me because we are human beings just like anyone else and we should not be treated differently,” cried 10-year-old Noah.
Nichelle Samuel was there with her husband and daughter in solidarity with her fellow Black Canadians calling for change. “Every time my husband leaves the house, it’s a constant worry something may happen,” she said. “Seeing what happens in the states only kind of effects here on a silent level. I want this rally to let people know this stuff happens silently, and if you see it, you hear it, do something about it.”
33．What does the author indicate to us by the example of Floyd in Paragraph 2
A．American police are very violent.
B．Floyd’s tragic death was caused by a white cop.
C．People all over the world sympathized with Floyd.
D．Black people have long suffered from racial discrimination.
34．Who was involved in organization of Black Lives Matter rally in London
A．Nichelle Samuel. B．Alexandra Kane. C．Simone Schacht. D．Noah.
35．What does the underlined word “congregate” probably mean
A．unite B．defeat C．transform D．congratulate
36．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．The government should not be blamed for the failure of white police.
B．The death of Floyd was a trigger for the Black Lives Matter.
C．Discrimination based on skin color is bad but inevitable.
D．Black Lives Matter rally may not work.
（2023春·四川内江·高三四川省资中县球溪高级中学校考阶段练习）Over millions of years humans have responded to certain situations without thinking too hard. If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would run first and question later. At the same time, the ability to analyze and to plan is part of what separates us from other animals. The question of when to trust your instinct (直觉) and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原).
Slow thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to analysis. In demanding customer-service or public-facing situations, instinct is often a better guide to how to behave.
Instinct can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate (深思熟虑) over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.
However, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often the only way to get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox floods with new emails at the start of a new day, there is absolutely no way to read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes, the temptation to ask for one more bit of analysis has become much harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex one.
When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. Does the decision maker have real expertise in this area Is this a field in which emotion matters more than reasoning Above all, is it worth delaying the decision Slow thinking is needed to get the big calls right. But fast thinking is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.
37．What does the underlined word “unerring” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．accurate B．creative C．controllable D．obvious
38．How is the third paragraph mainly developed
A．By process. B．By comparison. C．By example. D．By classification.
39．What can we learn from the passage
A．Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking. B．Fast thinking can be a boost to work efficiency.
C．Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run. D．Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.
40．What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A．To explain how instinct works in the office.
B．To tell the difference between instinct and slow thinking.
C．To highlight the value of instinct in the workplace.
D．To illustrate the development of different thinking patterns.
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文为科技话题的议论文。文章探讨了人们对于ChatGPT的不同态度，随着AI技术进入高校，越来越多的学生选择走捷径，利用ChatGPT代写论文，教育部门对此采取了相关措施，大学教师们则对此持不同态度。
1．推理判断题。由第一段“Antony Aumann, a religious studies and philosophy professor at Northern Michigan University told Insider he had caught his student submitting essays written by the AI chatbot, and Aumann had his student rewrite the essay.(北密歇根大学宗教研究和哲学教授Antony Aumann告诉Insider，他发现他的学生提交了人工智能聊天机器人写的文章，Aumann让他的学生重写了文章。)”以及结合下文可知，第一段在整篇文章中起到主题导入作用，引出下文围绕ChatGPT展开的讨论。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段中句 “The New York City and Seattle public school systems have already banned ChatGPT on their own networks and devices. “I think the consideration behind the ban is reasonable,” Aumann said. “They want to make sure that their students are learning the critical thinking skills that are part of learning how to write.”(纽约市和西雅图的公立学校系统已经禁止在他们自己的网络和设备上使用ChatGPT。“我认为禁令背后的考虑是合理的，”奥曼说。“他们希望确保学生学习批判性思维技能，这是学习写作的一部分。)”可推知，相关部门下禁令的原因是因为他们想要培养学生的批判性思维能力和写作能力，而学生依赖ChatGPT则不利于培养这些能力。故选C项。
3．词句猜测题。根据划线句下文“Once students are captured by ChatGPT’s convenience and efficiency, it’d be pointless to fight ChatGPT in the classroom.(一旦学生们被ChatGPT的便利性和效率所吸引，在课堂上与ChatGPT对抗就毫无意义了。)” 可知，这些教授认为学生使用ChatGPT是无法阻止的，所以“the cat is already out of the bag”是意思是“ChatGPT吸引学生是不可避免的”。故选B项。
4．推理判断题，第二段第四句“I think the consideration behind the ban is reasonable,(我认为禁令背后的考虑是合理的，)” 、第四段中“... some professors including Aumann argued that the cat is already out of the bag. Once students are captured by ChatGPT’s convenience and efficiency, it’d be pointless to fight ChatGPT in the classroom.(…包括Aumann在内的一些教授认为，一切既成事实，无法回避。一旦学生们被ChatGPT的便利性和效率所吸引，在课堂上与ChatGPT对抗就毫无意义了。)” 以及第五段中“Instead of absolute prohibition, Aumann suggested encouraging their students to react to ChatGPT in the same way they react to learning source(Aumann建议鼓励学生像对待学习资源一样对待ChatGPT，而不是绝对禁止)”可知， Aumann一方面肯定禁令的合理之处，另一方面又认为大学不易实施禁令，不如鼓励学生合理利用，由此推知，他对ChatGPT的态度是客观的。故选C项。
5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了关于青少年使用社交媒体与其抑郁症之间因果关系的一些研究调查，强调了其间因果关系的复杂性。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just-rolled-out-of-bed hair.(有时候，浏览社交平台会让你感觉很糟糕。你尽量不嫉妒你的朋友，但他们似乎总是去一个很酷的地方旅行，吃一些很好吃的东西，或者拥有刚刚卷起来的完美发型看起来很可爱。)”可知，浏览社交网站看到朋友的令人羡慕的内容，会使自己感到心理不平衡而心情糟糕。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying — screen time is horrible for young people.(今年7月，《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)发表了一项名为《屏幕时间与青春期抑郁的关系》的大型研究。这个大标题似乎证实了很多人一直在说的——屏幕时间对年轻人来说是可怕的。)”可知，该文章证实了屏幕时间对年轻人来说是可怕的，从而支持了本段论点：“People are increasingly suspect that there’re the potential problems of social media.(人们越来越怀疑社交媒体的潜在问题)”，故推知，提及《美国医学会杂志》的这篇文章是为了证明论点。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“One of their main findings was that higher amounts of social media use were associated with higher levels of depression.(他们的主要发现之一是，社交媒体使用时间越长，抑郁程度越高。)”可知，抑郁症与社交媒体的使用有关。故选A项。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Is there a link between social media and depression Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health It’s complicated.(社交媒体和抑郁症之间有联系吗？Facebook和Instagram对你的心理健康有负面影响吗？它是复杂的。)”以及全文可知，本文主要讨论了关于青少年使用社交媒体与其抑郁症之间因果关系的一些研究调查，强调了其间因果关系的复杂性。B项“社交媒体会导致抑郁症吗？”贴合主旨要义，为最佳标题。故选B项。
9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者从各角度就科技对阅读的影响阐述了自己的观点并推崇慢速阅读。
9．推理判断题。由文章第二段“We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as we learn to read more skillfully. And fears about declining attention spans have proved to be false alarms. ‘Some critics worry about attention span and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline,’ The American author Selvin wrote. ‘But nobody ever said poems were evidence of short attention spans. ’(我们不应该夸大这种危险。所有读者都会略读。略读是我们在学习更熟练地阅读时获得的技能。事实证明，对注意力持续时间下降的担忧是虚惊一场。美国作家Selvin写道，‘一些评论家担心注意力持续时间，认为短篇小说是文化衰落的标志，但从来没有人说诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据’。)”可知，作者是赞成Selvin的观点，诗歌就是注意力持续时间短但文化丰富的深度阅读，所以对阅读注意力持续时间下降的担忧是没有必要的。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。由文章第三段“Once published, online articles start forming a comment string underneath. Such mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun, but is probably lacking in profound reflection.(一旦发表，在线文章就开始在下面形成一个评论字符串。这种写作和阅读模式可以是互动和有趣的，但可能缺乏深刻的反思。)”可知，作者认为在线写作和阅读往往忽视仔细思考。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。由文章第四段“To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in their slow comprehension of words. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he's done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.(对于一个慢读者来说，只有沉浸在他们对单词的缓慢理解中，才能完全理解一篇文章。阅读速度慢的人就像一个游泳运动员，他不再计算自己在游泳池里跑了多少圈，只是享受自己的身体在水中的感觉和运动。)”可知，一个游泳运动员不再计算自己在游泳池里跑了多少圈，只是享受自己的身体在水中的感觉和运动，作者提到游泳运动员是为了说明慢速阅读是什么样的。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle hasn't killed off printed books any more than cars killed off bicycles. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.(在实践中，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有像汽车杀死自行车一样杀死印刷书籍。我们仍然想享受慢慢形成的想法和精心挑选的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间慢慢阅读。)”以及上文可知，作者就科技对阅读的影响阐述自己的观点并认为在快速发展的时代中，我们仍然可以享受慢速阅读。所以A项Slow Reading is Here to Stay(慢读还是存在的)符文文意。故选A项。
13．C 14．A 15．B 16．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。跟随主人闯荡多年的行李箱放在床上是否对人体有害？专家对此观点不一。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s unlikely that you come home from a trip and stand on top of your bed still wearing your street shoes. For some travellers, putting their suitcase on their bed is just as disgusting (令人反感的). The wheels of our luggage paced the same soiled path as our shoes, rolling through airport bathrooms, sidewalks and public transportation.(你不太可能从旅行回到家，还穿着你的街头鞋站在床上。对一些旅行者来说，把行李箱放在床上同样令人恶心。我们的行李轮子和我们的鞋子一样，在机场的浴室、人行道和公共交通工具上滚动着)”以及第二段“While it might sound terrible to put a worldly bag on your bed, is it actually harmful to your health (虽然把一个世俗的袋子放在床上听起来很可怕，但它真的对你的健康有害吗？)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章话题。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“We have not identified outbreaks related to dirty luggage(我们还没有发现与脏行李有关的疫情)”以及第四段“Even if your luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you, you might still be disgusted.(即使你的行李碰在床上不会伤害到你，你也可能会感到恶心)”可知，科扎斯基通过解释行李清洁案例传达行李碰你的床不会伤害你。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段““You have people... carrying all types of different bacteria. Some of them are sick, and you now have them populating these public travel places,” says Colleen Costello, CEO of Vital Vio, a company that makes antibacterial LED lights.(“有人……携带各种不同的细菌。他们中的一些人生病了，现在他们在这些公共旅行场所聚集，”生产抗菌LED灯的Vital Vio公司的首席执行官科琳·科斯特洛说)”可推知，科斯特洛通过陈述事实支持他的观点。故选B。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But Kozarsky doesn’t guarantee that lifestyle. “It’s hard to keep up with every doorhandle, every railing,” Kozarsky says. “You can become a little neurotic (神经质的) that way.”(但科扎斯基并不能保证这种生活方式。科扎尔斯基说：“很难跟上每一个门把手、每一条栏杆。那样你会变得有点神经质。”)”可推知，科扎斯基认为科斯特洛的建议有点太过分了。故选A。
17．D 18．A 19．C 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。灵活的工作制度和技术的发展带来了便利，减少了人们的体力劳动，但体力劳动对人们也有重大意义。
17．推理判断题。根据第一、二段的内容，尤其是第二段中的“That’s the type of reaction Arce’s boss likes to hear as the company measures the success of the work-from-home policy which was instituted three years ago in hopes of improving employee retention.(这是Arce的老板在公司评估在家工作政策是否成功时喜欢听到的反应。该政策是三年前制定的，旨在提高员工的留任率)”可知，Arce虽然喜欢自己的工作，但由于交通问题想要辞职，老板允许她在家工作后，她更加喜欢这个工作了，这也是老板喜闻乐见的，因为这种政策留住了员工，由此可推测出，列举Arce的例子是为了说明雇主们面临着员工流失的问题。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Flexible work policies top employee wish lists when they look for a job, and employers increasingly have been offering them.(灵活的工作政策是员工求职时的首要愿望，雇主越来越多地提供这些政策)”可知，员工求职时的首要愿望就是灵活的工作政策，由此可推测，实施灵活工作可以帮助增加员工的工作满意度。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“There seems to be a human instinct to want to do physical work. The proliferation of hard-work reality-television programming reflects this apparent need.(人类似乎有一种想做体力劳动的本能。辛勤工作的真人秀节目的激增反映了这种明显的需求)”可知，辛勤工作的真人秀受到欢迎反映了人类进行体力劳动的需求。故选C。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，前三段借用Marilu Arce的例子讲述了灵活工作政策带来的好处，第四段结尾用问句“But is something lost (但是有什么东西失去了吗？)”进行转折，接下来讲述了人们离不开体力劳动的原因。由此可推测出，本文围绕灵活工作政策减少体力劳动展开，讲述了其带来的好处以及并不适用于所有情况，C项“面对工作的演变，是时候反思了”最能反映本文主题。故选C。
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
21．推理判断题。根据第三段的“It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club — women, or people of a different color or belief — they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.(据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的，故对此持批判态度。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are ‘really, really smart.’(更糟糕的是，研究发现，女孩们的行为也遵循这一信念。在六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是‘非常非常聪明’的孩子才会做的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.(在一个拥有持续的全球交流的联网的世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的出现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
24．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius (谁是天才？)”和最后一段的“And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with ‘intelligence, creativity, perseverance (毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.’(我们看得越多，就越会发现，性别、种族和阶级等社会因素并不能决定天才的外貌。正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些‘拥有智慧、创造力、毅力和简单的好运，能够改变世界的人’)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知D项“天才可能属于不同的范畴”为最佳标题。故选D。
25．D 26．C 27．D 28．B
【导语】本文是议论文。地球表面的70%以上都被海洋覆盖。作者通过举例分析，呼吁人们了解给我们带来健康和福祉的海洋，从而保护海洋。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The ocean supplies more than half our oxygen, absorbs carbon dioxide, regulates our climate, and supports much of the world’s economy. We need it a lot more than it needs us.(海洋为我们提供了一半以上的氧气，吸收二氧化碳，调节气候，并支撑着世界大部分经济。比起它需要我们，我们更需要它。)”可知，海洋为我们提供经济效益。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Directly facing these concerns is what I mean by seeing the sea—the good, the bad, the important. Knowledge is power, and we can use it to inform our choices, from traveling more mindfully, to examining how we run our businesses, to voting.( 直接面对这些问题就是我所说的看海的意思——好的，坏的，重要的。知识就是力量，我们可以用它来指导我们的选择，从更谨慎地旅行，到检查我们如何经营我们的企业，再到投票。)”可知，作者建议我们面对所有的问题，用知识指导选择，谨慎旅游，核查企业经营模式等，综上可推断，要提高环保意识。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段的“We need more people to see the sea. Right now, less than 3 percent of the ocean is considered highly protected. Experts urge that at least 30 percent be protected to safeguard marine(海洋的) ecosystems, which in turn will help protect our health and well-being.( 我们需要更多的人去看海。目前，只有不到3%的海洋被认为是高度保护的。专家敦促至少要保护30%的海洋生态系统，这反过来又有助于保护我们的健康和福祉。)”以及全文内容可知，作者通过举例分析，呼吁人们了解海洋，保护海洋。因此推断文章可能选择自然杂志，故选D。
28．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“We need more people to see the sea. Right now, less than 3 percent of the ocean is considered highly protected. Experts urge that at least 30 percent be protected to safeguard marine(海洋的) ecosystems, which in turn will help protect our health and well-being.( 我们需要更多的人去看海。目前，只有不到3%的海洋被认为是高度保护的。专家敦促至少要保护30%的海洋生态系统，这反过来又有助于保护我们的健康和福祉。)”和最后一段“The ocean is a remarkable teacher, and it’s never too late to start learning.( 海洋是一位了不起的老师，开始了解永远不会太晚。)”可知，作者通过举例分析，呼吁人们了解给我们带来健康和福祉的海洋，从而保护海洋。因此推断B项“一心一意地了解海洋”为最近标题，故选B。
29．A 30．C 31．B 32．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了支持和反对克隆技术的不同观点和意见。
29．细节理解题。根据FOR项第一条中的“Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精).(克隆技术对单身女性生孩子很重要，用克隆技术代替人工授精)”可知，如果一位单身女性想生孩子但是不接受人工授精，她可以考虑用克隆技术克隆出一个孩子，故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据全文大意，尤其是第一段“The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，本文的写作目的就是让大家正确认识人们对克隆技术所持的赞同与反对的观点。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者只是列举了对克隆技术的正反两种观点，所以对此持客观态度，故选B。
32．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，文章从FOR与AGAINST两个角度陈述了人们对克隆技术持有的不同观点，因此D项“Which side are you with (你赞成哪一边？)”为最佳标题。故选D。
33．D 34．C 35．A 36．B
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。主要介绍了“黑人的命也是命”抗议活动在伦敦的示威情况，以及各位黑人民众的态度。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段“The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police officer was filmed kneeling on his neck. Floyd’s death in Minneapolis was only the latest in a number of cases of Black men dying while in police custody.(在乔治·弗洛伊德死后，“黑人的命也是命”运动在加拿大、美国和世界各地吸引了数千人加入。乔治·弗洛伊德是一名黑人，在被拍到一名白人警察跪在他的脖子上后在警察拘留期间死亡。弗洛伊德在明尼阿波利斯的死亡只是众多黑人在警察拘留期间死亡案例中的最新一例)”可推知，作者在第二段中以弗洛伊德为例向我们表明了黑人长期遭受种族歧视。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““I can’t even begin to name all of the times in the 18 years of my life that someone or something has made me feel less than because of the color of my skin,” one of the organizers, Simone Schacht, said when speaking at the rally.(“在我生命的18年里，我甚至无法说出所有那些因为我的肤色而让我感到自卑的人或事，”组织者之一Simone Schacht在集会上发言时说)”可知，Simone Schacht参与了伦敦“黑人的命也是命”集会的组织。故选C。
35．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“We want people within our own Black community to know we support each other.(我们希望我们黑人社区的人知道我们互相支持)”以及后文“and come together”可知，and表示并列，可推断是倡议黑人团结在一起。故划线词意思是“团结”。故选A。
36．推理判断题。根据第二段“The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police officer was filmed kneeling on his neck.(在乔治·弗洛伊德死后，“黑人的命也是命”运动在加拿大、美国和世界各地吸引了数千人加入。乔治·弗洛伊德是一名黑人，在被拍到一名白人警察跪在他的脖子上后在警察拘留期间死亡)”可推知，作者认为弗洛伊德的死引发了“黑人的命也是命”运动。故选B。
37．A 38．C 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了直觉在工作场所的应用价值。
37．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Instinct can also be improved. (直觉也是可以提高的)”及最后一句“The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be. (你变得越熟练，直觉越准确)”可知，大量研究表明, 随着经验的增长，直觉变得更加准确。故“unerring”应意为“无偏差的，精确的”。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据第三段“Instinct can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate (深思熟虑) over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be. (直觉也是可以提高的。大量研究表明，随着经验的增加，直觉变得更加准确无误。在一个著名的实验中，志愿者被要求评估一组名牌手袋的真伪。一些人被要求凭直觉行事，另一些人则被要求经过深思熟虑。对于那些拥有至少三个名牌手袋的人来说，本能反应效果更好；事实上，它的表现优于分析。你越专业，你的直觉就越准)”可知，本段主要通过实例展开。故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. (直觉能够帮助你决定哪些邮件需要回复，哪些需要删除，哪些不用打开。快速思考也对整个组织有益)”可知，快速思考可以提高工作效率，避免在不重要的事情上浪费时间。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The question of when to trust your instinct (直觉) and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原). (什么时候应该相信你的直觉及什么时候应该缓慢思考的问题在办公室和在大草原上一样重要)”以及最后一段“When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. (什么时候在工作场所使用直觉取决于其自身的识别模式)”可知，要具体分析在工作场所使用直觉的情况；再联系全文内容可知，本文主要强调了直觉在工作场所的应用价值。故选C。