牛津译林版（2019）必修 第一册 Unit 1 Back to school 同步拓展阅读单元阅读提升（ 含解析）
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| 名称 | 牛津译林版（2019）必修 第一册 Unit 1 Back to school 同步拓展阅读单元阅读提升（ 含解析） |  | |
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Unit 1 Back to school
引言解读
Study without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without study ends in puzzlement,--- Confucius.
释义：学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。——孔子
启示：本句出自《论语》。《论语》是记录中国古代伟大思想家、教育家孔子及其弟子思想和言行的一部重要典籍。这句话论述了学与思的辩证关系，指出学与思要结合起来。
名句积累 1．Well begun is half done.良好的开始是成功的一半。 2．Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.心之所愿，无所不成。 3．Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。 4. Listen to the sound of growing joints and light the light in students’ hearts. 倾听成长的拔节声声，点亮学生心中的明灯。 5. If you don’t work hard today, you won’t have time to study tomorrow. 今天学习不努力，明天学习来不及。
主题探究
本单元的主题语境是“人与自我”，话题是“学校生活”， 涉及“学校生活”的多个层面, 一段采访高中新生谈新学期感受及规划的视频，一篇校长对高一新生发表的开学演讲，鼓励学生在新的环境中挖掘潜能、迎接挑战； 制订目标, “创建校园俱乐部”建议书, 一位中国学生作为交换生在英国的一段学习和生活经历，启发学生理解中外不同教育氛围背后的文化差异；合作学习、探究学习，制作一份“介绍校园生活”的小册子；本单元的教学旨在帮助学生适应高中新环境、激发潜力，让他们不畏困难、热爱校园生活。
语篇品读 These next three years in senior high school may see many relationships coming to an end, a lot of drama between people, and especially a lot of stress (压力). During these next years, you’ll experience a lot, and hopefully, this advice could be of use to you. First of all, high school is not how the movies show it to be. There are no life-changing things that make you popular, and there are no big parties where teens enjoy themselves together and new friends are made. The reality is that you’ll stay up till three in the morning doing homework, the food in the school isn’t the best, and you will cry about everything. Just know walking through this next part of your life won’t be a simple walk in the park. You will go through difficulties, but at the end of the day, you’ll decide whether they’re going to influence you or not. While going through a difficult or unpleasant time, know that whatever happens these experiences don’t define (界定) you. These next moments will be happy, mad, sad, etc. There will be amazing good days, and awful bad ones. Be yourself because many comments will be made about you, your friends, your attitude (态度), and everything in your life. Aside from those people that cause drama, make bad comments about you, and hurt you, there are people who love you and want the best for you. Learning this will take time and you’ll be hurt, but you will be okay. So, in a word, a high school is a work in progress. High school only comes along once, so make the most of it because very quickly you’ll be shaking your principal’s (校长的) hand while they hand you your high school diploma (毕业证书). 全文翻译 在接下来的高中三年里，你可能会看到很多关系走到尽头，人与人之间会发生很多戏剧性的事情，尤其是压力很大。在接下来的几年里，你会经历很多，希望这个建议对你有用。 首先，高中生活不是电影里的样子。没有什么能改变你生活的事情能让你受欢迎，也没有什么能让青少年们欢聚一堂、结交新朋友的大型派对。现实是你会熬夜做作业到凌晨三点，学校的食物不是最好的，你会为每件事哭泣。 你要知道，走过你人生的下一个阶段不会像在公园里散步那么简单。你会经历困难，但在一天结束的时候，你会决定他们是否会影响你。在经历困难或不愉快的时候，要知道无论发生什么，这些经历都不能定义你。 接下来的时刻将是快乐、疯狂、悲伤等等。会有令人惊叹的好日子，也会有糟糕透顶的日子。做你自己，因为人们会对你、你的朋友、你的态度以及你生活中的每一件事发表很多评论。除了那些制造麻烦、对你说坏话、伤害你的人之外，还有爱你、希望你过得最好的人。学会这一点需要时间，你会受伤，但你会没事的。所以，总而言之，高中是一项正在进行的工作。 高中只有一次，所以要充分利用它，因为很快你就会在校长递给你高中文凭的时候握着他的手。 词汇积累 1. come to an end 结束 2.stay up 熬夜 3. go through 经历 4.awful adj. 可怕的 5.comment n. 评论 6.make the most of 充分利用
题源探究
语篇品读 How to Look Great for Your First Day of High School https://uww, （高考题源报刊） You’ve finished middle school, and you’re making the leap to high school. High school can be frightening for incoming freshmen: you’re meeting new people getting to know new teachers, and learning how to navigate the fresh style of high school courses that move from room to room. While it might be overwhelming, you can start your high school carver by showing up looking your best and brightest. Get a good night’s sleep. Sleep is one of the best beauty treatments in the world. The night before your first day, avoid watching TV or being on a phone or computer for at least an hour before you go to bed and make sure you go to bed in comfortable clothing. This will help you get the best night of sleep you can possibly get, which will help minimize or avoid dark circles, heavy eyebags, or grey skin. Take a shower the night or morning before. Taking a shower will make sure you are looking and smelling your best. After you’ve showered, apply cream on your face to keep yourself looking and feeling fresh. Smile at yourself and others. The last step to looking great is giving yourself a smile and sharing that smile with your peers. A smile is the surest way to appear smart, kind, and confident and can not only draw others to you but can also improve your mood and mental state in a matter of minutes. 全文翻译 高中的第一天如何让你看起来很棒 你已经完成了初中学业，即将跨入高中。对于即将入学的新生来说，高中可能是令人恐惧的:你要认识新的人。结识新老师，学习如何适应不同教室的高中课程。虽然它可能是压倒性的。你可以从展现自己最好、最聪明的一面开始你的高中生活。晚上睡个好觉。睡眠是世界上最好的美容疗法之一。第一天上班的前一天晚上，睡前至少一个小时不要看电视，也不要玩手机或电脑，并确保穿着舒适的衣服上床睡觉。这将帮助你获得最好的睡眠，这将有助于减少或避免黑眼圈，沉重的眼袋，或灰色的皮肤。 在前一天晚上或早上洗个澡。洗个澡会让你看起来和闻起来都是最佳状态。洗完澡后，在脸上涂上面霜，让你看起来和感觉清爽。 对自己和他人微笑。看起来很棒的最后一步是给自己一个微笑。和你的同伴分享你的微笑。微笑是让你显得聪明、善良和自信的最可靠的方式。不仅可以吸引别人，还可以在几分钟内改善你的情绪和精神状态。 句式仿写 1．我想知道在哪里能再次找到那个信息。(疑问词＋不定式) ________________________________________________ 2. 尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，我认为在这方面花太多的时间并不好。(while…) ______________________________________________ 3．要过一个小时左右我们才能到达山顶。（before…） _____________________________________________
答案：1. I wonder where to find that information again.
2. While the Internet is of great help to us, I don’t think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.
3. It will be an hour or so vefore we get to the top of the mountain.
拓展阅读
Passage 1
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 上大学之前应该申请的几种奖学金及申请要求 264 5min ★★★★☆
You’re officially graduating high school seniors two years later! Are you ready for higher education But before you get too excited, the top thing you should do is to apply for college scholarships!
Travel Is Education Scholarship
Deadline: 8/30/2023 Award Amount: $500-$1.000. You must hand in a paper (no more than one page) on the theme of “Becoming a Global Citizen”. Related topics are available on the website provided. You must be traveling on an ACIS (American Council for International Studies) tour in order to have the right to apply for it.
“Be Bold” Scholarship
Deadline: 7/30/2023 Award Amount: $25,000. Write a short description to show your goals and achievements. The $25,000 “Be Bold” Scholarship is a no-article scholarship that will be awarded to the applicant with the boldest description. To us, being bold means being serious, determined and moving. The scholarship will be awarded to the student whose description is the boldest.
Anthem Writing Competition Scholarship
Deadline: 7/29/2023 Award Amount: $2,000. You must present an article of between 600 and 1,200 words based on Ayn Rand’s novel Anthem. You must choose one of the three topics provided on the website. Articles will be judged on styles and contents.
Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship
Deadline: 7/31/2023 Award Amount: $10,000. The Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship is open to graduating high school seniors, or law program students. You must have a GPA (Grade Point Average) of at least 3.0 and hand in a 750-word passage that discusses “an experience that you had while overcoming challenges related to a disability you personally have or helped a friend overcome”.
1．How can students be able to apply for Travel Is Education Scholarship
A．Having a special travel. B．Being brave and confident.
C．Owning a foreign nationality. D．Having overseas study experiences.
2．Which of the following scholarships is available without an article
A．Travel Is Education Scholarship. B．“Be Bold” Scholarship.
C．Anthem Writing Competition Scholarship. D．Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship.
3．What can we infer about Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship
A．It has a tight deadline. B．Its award amount is the highest.
C．It offers a specific topic to applicants. D．It is only available to disabled students.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章主要向高中毕业生推荐了在上大学之前应该申请的几种奖学金及申请要求。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“You must be traveling on an ACIS (American Council for International Studies) tour in order to have the right to apply for it. ”（你必须参加ACIS(美国国际研究委员会)的旅行才有资格申请。）可知，必须进行一次特殊旅行才能申请此奖学金。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The $25,000 “Be Bold” Scholarship is a no-article scholarship that will be awarded to the applicant with the boldest description.”（25,000美元的“大胆”奖学金是一项无文章奖学金，将颁发给描述最大胆的申请人。），可知此奖学金不需要写文章。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You must have a GPA (Grade Point Average) of at least 3.0 and hand in a 750-word passage that discusses “an experience that you had while overcoming challenges related to a disability you personally have or helped a friend overcome”.”（你的平均绩点(GPA)必须达到3.0以上，并提交一篇750字的文章，讨论“你在克服与你个人残疾有关的挑战或帮助朋友克服困难的经历”。）可知，此奖学金申请者需递交一份特定话题的文章。故选C。
Passage 2
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 好老师的言传身教 276 6 min ★★★★☆
（2023春·广东江门·高一统考期末）Tyler was a troublesome student, who sat in the back row of the classroom. Every time I called him to answer questions, he’d reply with a flip (轻率的) answer. If he got it wrong, he would get very angry.
Usually kids could sit quietly in class. However Tyler was just loud. One day, Tyler was talking while I was teaching. I said to him, “Tyler, why not join in our discussion instead of having one of your own ” He got up from his chair, pushed it over, and shouted something I can’t remember. I sent him to the office and he received a week’s out-of-school punishment.
The week was a wonderful time for me without the noisy Tyler, but when it came to an end, I began to feel worried. So I came up with a plan. On the day of his return, I told him I wanted to start over with him. If he felt like he was going to lose control in class, he could step outside the door for a moment.
From then on, Tyler was a changed student in my classroom. In fact he was a smart child and he even stopped a fight between two students one day. And he never used the privilege (特权) to leave the class for a moment. I believe that just letting him decide for himself made all the difference.
When the school year was over, he wrote me a thank-you note about how good the year had been for him. I still have it today and find it very moving to reread when I get stressed about teaching.
1．When Tyler was talking in class, what did the teacher advise him to do
A．Join in their discussion. B．Have his own discussion.
C．Get up from his chair. D．Go out of school
2．Tyler did all the following things EXCEPT .
A．sitting in the back row. B．leaving the class for a moment.
C．stopping a fight between two students. D．not listening to teachers in class.
3．Everytime the teacher reads the thank-you note, how does he feel
A．Stressed. B．Worried. C．Satisfied. D．Moved
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．How Tyler got the punishment.
B．How Tyler changed to be a good student.
C．How the teacher dealt with Tyler’s re tum.
D．How the teacher felt about Tyler’s thank-you note.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了麻烦学生泰勒如何在老师的影响下成为一个好学生。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第三四句“One day, Tyler was talking while I was teaching. I said to him, “Tyler, why not join in our discussion instead of having one of your own ” (有一天，泰勒在我上课的时候说话。我对他说：“泰勒，为什么不加入我们的讨论，而不是自己开一个呢 ”)”可知，当泰勒在上课的时候说话，老师建议他加入讨论。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段末句“If he felt like he was going to lose control in class, he could step outside the door for a moment. (如果他觉得自己要在课堂上失控了，他可以走到门外一会儿。)”以及第四段第三句“And he never used the privilege (特权) to leave the class for a moment. (而且他从来没有利用这个特权离开过教室片刻。)”可知，泰勒从来没有离开过教室片刻。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据末段末句“I still have it today and find it very moving to reread when I get stressed about teaching. (我今天还留着这本书，当我对教学感到压力时，重读它让我很感动。)”可知，老师每次重读这封信，都很感动。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据首段首句“Tyler was a troublesome student, who sat in the back row of the classroom. (泰勒是个麻烦的学生，他坐在教室的后排。)”以及倒数第二段首句“From then on, Tyler was a changed student in my classroom. (从那以后，泰勒在我的课堂上就变了一个学生。)”可知，本文主要讲述泰勒如何在老师的影响下成为一个好学生。故选B。
Passage 3
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 高中生活充满挑战，要用于接受有挑战，激发潜力 252 5min ★★★★☆
Welcome to senior high school! I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you leads to a world full of 1 (challenge). However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies 2 each challenge. Most 3 (important), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. Potential is your natural ability that can 4 (develop) when you try hard enough. I have 5 (confident) in your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to your country. Over the next three years, you will discover your potential 6 you develop as a student and as a person. To fully realize your potential, it is important for you 7 (make) the most of our school resources. Take advantage of your classes, join a club or two, and take an active part in different sports. Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and 8 positive attitude. Carefully plan your study, set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities. As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your 9 (communicate) and problem-solving skills. Last but not least, always look on the bright side and never lose hope, even in difficult situations. As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for 10 (realize) your great potential.
【答案】
1．challenges 2．in 3．importantly 4．be developed 5．confidence 6．while 7．to make 8．a 9．communication 10．realizing
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，高中生活充满挑战，我们要用于接受有挑战，激发潜力。
1．考查名词复数。句意：你面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界。不止一个挑战，用可数名词challenge的复数形式。故填challenges。
2．考查固定搭配。句意：然而，对于那些有积极心态的人来说，机遇在于每一次挑战。固定搭配lie in (在于)。故填in。
3．考查副词。句意：最重要的是，你在高中的时间和努力将为你的潜力打开大门。固定搭配most importantly (最重要的是)，副词importantly作状语，修饰后面的句子。故填importantly。
4．考查语态。句意：潜力是你天生的能力，当你足够努力的时候，它就会得到发展。该空是定语从句谓语动词，that指代your natural ability，情态动词can后用动词原形，从句主语that和从句谓语动词develop是被动关系，用情态动词的被动语态（can be done）。故填be developed。
5．考查名词。句意：我相信你有能力对你的家庭、社区和国家产生影响。固定搭配have confidence in (对……有信心)，名词confidence作宾语。故填confidence。
6．考查状语从句。句意：在接下来的三年里，你将发现自己的潜力，同时发展成为一名学生和一个人。结合句意可知，用从属连词while (与……同时)引导时间状语从句。故填while。
7．考查不定式。句意：为了充分发挥你的潜力，充分利用我们学校的资源对你来说很重要。it is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.，it形式主语，make用不定式形式真正主语。故填to make。
8．考查不定冠词。句意：同样重要的是良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。泛指“一个积极的态度”，positive以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
9．考查名词。句意：作为一名高中生，你必须努力提高沟通和解决问题的能力。由and后名词skills可知，用不可数名词communication作并列宾语。故填communication。
10．考查动名词。句意：高中将帮助你学习和成长，但只有你自己有责任实现你的巨大潜力。介词for后，realize用动名词形式作宾语。故填realizing。
教材语篇梳理
Reading
Realizing your potential
Introduction The start of a 1. future.
What is your senior high school life like ·It is full of 2. . ·It opens the 3. to your potential.
What is 4. It is your natural 5. developed when you try hard enough.
Ways to 6. your potential ·Make the most of school resources. ·Develop good study habits, useful 7. and a positive attitude.
Conclusion Make a 8. effort to train your mind and develop your character.
答案：1. promising 2.challenges 3.door 4. potential 5. ability 6. realize 7.skills 8. continuous
课文语法填空
Hello, everyone! Welcome to senior high school! Today is the start of a 1. (promise)future. I can’t wait 2. (describe)to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you 3. (lead)to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of 4. (think). However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge. When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity 5. (acquire)great knowledge. Most 6. _______(important), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.
“What is potential ” Potential is your natural ability that can 7. (develop)when you try hard enough. And I have confidence 8. your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to our country. To fully realize your potential, 9. is important for you to make 10. most of our school resources. Senior high school will help you learn and grow.
答案：1.promising 2.to describe 3.leads 4.thinking 5.to acquire 6. importantly7. be developed 8. in 9. it 10. the
阅读微技能—寻找文章主旨 (1)看标题 主旨大意蕴藏于文章标题之中。如果文章有标题, 标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。 (2)找主题句 找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法: 读首句抓大意; 读尾句抓大意; 读首尾段抓大意。 (3)寻高频词 无明显主题句时, 需寻找高频信息词。任意一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的, 因此, 有的文章最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词, 即高频词, 也叫主题词。抓住了它, 便容易抓住文章的中心。
Passage 1
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 老师培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式 273 6min ★★★★☆
（2023·新高考II卷B篇）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。
Passage 2
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 做人与做事 一个简单的写作练习帮助你增强自信 328 6min ★★★★☆
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五）
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
16【答案】D
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
17【答案】B
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
18【答案】F
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
19【答案】C
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
20【答案】G
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
Passage 3
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 学生打工 206 10min ★★★★★
(2021新高考I卷) My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was ______50______ than it sounds.______51______ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d ______52______ .
Dad _____53_____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood______54______ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you______55______ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered命令；C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据下文“Our ____48____ in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. ____49____ bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭；C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的；B. financial金融的；C. technical技术的；D. temporary暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历；D. invitation邀请。根据上文“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys欢乐；B. ideas观点；C. roles任务；D. choices选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. ____49____ bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止；D. Remove移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的；C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“_____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来；B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A. indicated表明；B. witnessed目击；C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据上文“This was _____10_____ than it sounds. _____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭；B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you _____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可知，作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠；C. receive收到；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“the dollars you earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。
引言解读
Study without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without study ends in puzzlement,--- Confucius.
释义：学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。——孔子
启示：本句出自《论语》。《论语》是记录中国古代伟大思想家、教育家孔子及其弟子思想和言行的一部重要典籍。这句话论述了学与思的辩证关系，指出学与思要结合起来。
名句积累 1．Well begun is half done.良好的开始是成功的一半。 2．Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.心之所愿，无所不成。 3．Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。 4. Listen to the sound of growing joints and light the light in students’ hearts. 倾听成长的拔节声声，点亮学生心中的明灯。 5. If you don’t work hard today, you won’t have time to study tomorrow. 今天学习不努力，明天学习来不及。
主题探究
本单元的主题语境是“人与自我”，话题是“学校生活”， 涉及“学校生活”的多个层面, 一段采访高中新生谈新学期感受及规划的视频，一篇校长对高一新生发表的开学演讲，鼓励学生在新的环境中挖掘潜能、迎接挑战； 制订目标, “创建校园俱乐部”建议书, 一位中国学生作为交换生在英国的一段学习和生活经历，启发学生理解中外不同教育氛围背后的文化差异；合作学习、探究学习，制作一份“介绍校园生活”的小册子；本单元的教学旨在帮助学生适应高中新环境、激发潜力，让他们不畏困难、热爱校园生活。
语篇品读 These next three years in senior high school may see many relationships coming to an end, a lot of drama between people, and especially a lot of stress (压力). During these next years, you’ll experience a lot, and hopefully, this advice could be of use to you. First of all, high school is not how the movies show it to be. There are no life-changing things that make you popular, and there are no big parties where teens enjoy themselves together and new friends are made. The reality is that you’ll stay up till three in the morning doing homework, the food in the school isn’t the best, and you will cry about everything. Just know walking through this next part of your life won’t be a simple walk in the park. You will go through difficulties, but at the end of the day, you’ll decide whether they’re going to influence you or not. While going through a difficult or unpleasant time, know that whatever happens these experiences don’t define (界定) you. These next moments will be happy, mad, sad, etc. There will be amazing good days, and awful bad ones. Be yourself because many comments will be made about you, your friends, your attitude (态度), and everything in your life. Aside from those people that cause drama, make bad comments about you, and hurt you, there are people who love you and want the best for you. Learning this will take time and you’ll be hurt, but you will be okay. So, in a word, a high school is a work in progress. High school only comes along once, so make the most of it because very quickly you’ll be shaking your principal’s (校长的) hand while they hand you your high school diploma (毕业证书). 全文翻译 在接下来的高中三年里，你可能会看到很多关系走到尽头，人与人之间会发生很多戏剧性的事情，尤其是压力很大。在接下来的几年里，你会经历很多，希望这个建议对你有用。 首先，高中生活不是电影里的样子。没有什么能改变你生活的事情能让你受欢迎，也没有什么能让青少年们欢聚一堂、结交新朋友的大型派对。现实是你会熬夜做作业到凌晨三点，学校的食物不是最好的，你会为每件事哭泣。 你要知道，走过你人生的下一个阶段不会像在公园里散步那么简单。你会经历困难，但在一天结束的时候，你会决定他们是否会影响你。在经历困难或不愉快的时候，要知道无论发生什么，这些经历都不能定义你。 接下来的时刻将是快乐、疯狂、悲伤等等。会有令人惊叹的好日子，也会有糟糕透顶的日子。做你自己，因为人们会对你、你的朋友、你的态度以及你生活中的每一件事发表很多评论。除了那些制造麻烦、对你说坏话、伤害你的人之外，还有爱你、希望你过得最好的人。学会这一点需要时间，你会受伤，但你会没事的。所以，总而言之，高中是一项正在进行的工作。 高中只有一次，所以要充分利用它，因为很快你就会在校长递给你高中文凭的时候握着他的手。 词汇积累 1. come to an end 结束 2.stay up 熬夜 3. go through 经历 4.awful adj. 可怕的 5.comment n. 评论 6.make the most of 充分利用
题源探究
语篇品读 How to Look Great for Your First Day of High School https://uww, （高考题源报刊） You’ve finished middle school, and you’re making the leap to high school. High school can be frightening for incoming freshmen: you’re meeting new people getting to know new teachers, and learning how to navigate the fresh style of high school courses that move from room to room. While it might be overwhelming, you can start your high school carver by showing up looking your best and brightest. Get a good night’s sleep. Sleep is one of the best beauty treatments in the world. The night before your first day, avoid watching TV or being on a phone or computer for at least an hour before you go to bed and make sure you go to bed in comfortable clothing. This will help you get the best night of sleep you can possibly get, which will help minimize or avoid dark circles, heavy eyebags, or grey skin. Take a shower the night or morning before. Taking a shower will make sure you are looking and smelling your best. After you’ve showered, apply cream on your face to keep yourself looking and feeling fresh. Smile at yourself and others. The last step to looking great is giving yourself a smile and sharing that smile with your peers. A smile is the surest way to appear smart, kind, and confident and can not only draw others to you but can also improve your mood and mental state in a matter of minutes. 全文翻译 高中的第一天如何让你看起来很棒 你已经完成了初中学业，即将跨入高中。对于即将入学的新生来说，高中可能是令人恐惧的:你要认识新的人。结识新老师，学习如何适应不同教室的高中课程。虽然它可能是压倒性的。你可以从展现自己最好、最聪明的一面开始你的高中生活。晚上睡个好觉。睡眠是世界上最好的美容疗法之一。第一天上班的前一天晚上，睡前至少一个小时不要看电视，也不要玩手机或电脑，并确保穿着舒适的衣服上床睡觉。这将帮助你获得最好的睡眠，这将有助于减少或避免黑眼圈，沉重的眼袋，或灰色的皮肤。 在前一天晚上或早上洗个澡。洗个澡会让你看起来和闻起来都是最佳状态。洗完澡后，在脸上涂上面霜，让你看起来和感觉清爽。 对自己和他人微笑。看起来很棒的最后一步是给自己一个微笑。和你的同伴分享你的微笑。微笑是让你显得聪明、善良和自信的最可靠的方式。不仅可以吸引别人，还可以在几分钟内改善你的情绪和精神状态。 句式仿写 1．我想知道在哪里能再次找到那个信息。(疑问词＋不定式) ________________________________________________ 2. 尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，我认为在这方面花太多的时间并不好。(while…) ______________________________________________ 3．要过一个小时左右我们才能到达山顶。（before…） _____________________________________________
答案：1. I wonder where to find that information again.
2. While the Internet is of great help to us, I don’t think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.
3. It will be an hour or so vefore we get to the top of the mountain.
拓展阅读
Passage 1
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 上大学之前应该申请的几种奖学金及申请要求 264 5min ★★★★☆
You’re officially graduating high school seniors two years later! Are you ready for higher education But before you get too excited, the top thing you should do is to apply for college scholarships!
Travel Is Education Scholarship
Deadline: 8/30/2023 Award Amount: $500-$1.000. You must hand in a paper (no more than one page) on the theme of “Becoming a Global Citizen”. Related topics are available on the website provided. You must be traveling on an ACIS (American Council for International Studies) tour in order to have the right to apply for it.
“Be Bold” Scholarship
Deadline: 7/30/2023 Award Amount: $25,000. Write a short description to show your goals and achievements. The $25,000 “Be Bold” Scholarship is a no-article scholarship that will be awarded to the applicant with the boldest description. To us, being bold means being serious, determined and moving. The scholarship will be awarded to the student whose description is the boldest.
Anthem Writing Competition Scholarship
Deadline: 7/29/2023 Award Amount: $2,000. You must present an article of between 600 and 1,200 words based on Ayn Rand’s novel Anthem. You must choose one of the three topics provided on the website. Articles will be judged on styles and contents.
Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship
Deadline: 7/31/2023 Award Amount: $10,000. The Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship is open to graduating high school seniors, or law program students. You must have a GPA (Grade Point Average) of at least 3.0 and hand in a 750-word passage that discusses “an experience that you had while overcoming challenges related to a disability you personally have or helped a friend overcome”.
1．How can students be able to apply for Travel Is Education Scholarship
A．Having a special travel. B．Being brave and confident.
C．Owning a foreign nationality. D．Having overseas study experiences.
2．Which of the following scholarships is available without an article
A．Travel Is Education Scholarship. B．“Be Bold” Scholarship.
C．Anthem Writing Competition Scholarship. D．Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship.
3．What can we infer about Triumph Over Difficulties Scholarship
A．It has a tight deadline. B．Its award amount is the highest.
C．It offers a specific topic to applicants. D．It is only available to disabled students.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章主要向高中毕业生推荐了在上大学之前应该申请的几种奖学金及申请要求。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“You must be traveling on an ACIS (American Council for International Studies) tour in order to have the right to apply for it. ”（你必须参加ACIS(美国国际研究委员会)的旅行才有资格申请。）可知，必须进行一次特殊旅行才能申请此奖学金。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The $25,000 “Be Bold” Scholarship is a no-article scholarship that will be awarded to the applicant with the boldest description.”（25,000美元的“大胆”奖学金是一项无文章奖学金，将颁发给描述最大胆的申请人。），可知此奖学金不需要写文章。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You must have a GPA (Grade Point Average) of at least 3.0 and hand in a 750-word passage that discusses “an experience that you had while overcoming challenges related to a disability you personally have or helped a friend overcome”.”（你的平均绩点(GPA)必须达到3.0以上，并提交一篇750字的文章，讨论“你在克服与你个人残疾有关的挑战或帮助朋友克服困难的经历”。）可知，此奖学金申请者需递交一份特定话题的文章。故选C。
Passage 2
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 好老师的言传身教 276 6 min ★★★★☆
（2023春·广东江门·高一统考期末）Tyler was a troublesome student, who sat in the back row of the classroom. Every time I called him to answer questions, he’d reply with a flip (轻率的) answer. If he got it wrong, he would get very angry.
Usually kids could sit quietly in class. However Tyler was just loud. One day, Tyler was talking while I was teaching. I said to him, “Tyler, why not join in our discussion instead of having one of your own ” He got up from his chair, pushed it over, and shouted something I can’t remember. I sent him to the office and he received a week’s out-of-school punishment.
The week was a wonderful time for me without the noisy Tyler, but when it came to an end, I began to feel worried. So I came up with a plan. On the day of his return, I told him I wanted to start over with him. If he felt like he was going to lose control in class, he could step outside the door for a moment.
From then on, Tyler was a changed student in my classroom. In fact he was a smart child and he even stopped a fight between two students one day. And he never used the privilege (特权) to leave the class for a moment. I believe that just letting him decide for himself made all the difference.
When the school year was over, he wrote me a thank-you note about how good the year had been for him. I still have it today and find it very moving to reread when I get stressed about teaching.
1．When Tyler was talking in class, what did the teacher advise him to do
A．Join in their discussion. B．Have his own discussion.
C．Get up from his chair. D．Go out of school
2．Tyler did all the following things EXCEPT .
A．sitting in the back row. B．leaving the class for a moment.
C．stopping a fight between two students. D．not listening to teachers in class.
3．Everytime the teacher reads the thank-you note, how does he feel
A．Stressed. B．Worried. C．Satisfied. D．Moved
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．How Tyler got the punishment.
B．How Tyler changed to be a good student.
C．How the teacher dealt with Tyler’s re tum.
D．How the teacher felt about Tyler’s thank-you note.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了麻烦学生泰勒如何在老师的影响下成为一个好学生。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第三四句“One day, Tyler was talking while I was teaching. I said to him, “Tyler, why not join in our discussion instead of having one of your own ” (有一天，泰勒在我上课的时候说话。我对他说：“泰勒，为什么不加入我们的讨论，而不是自己开一个呢 ”)”可知，当泰勒在上课的时候说话，老师建议他加入讨论。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段末句“If he felt like he was going to lose control in class, he could step outside the door for a moment. (如果他觉得自己要在课堂上失控了，他可以走到门外一会儿。)”以及第四段第三句“And he never used the privilege (特权) to leave the class for a moment. (而且他从来没有利用这个特权离开过教室片刻。)”可知，泰勒从来没有离开过教室片刻。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据末段末句“I still have it today and find it very moving to reread when I get stressed about teaching. (我今天还留着这本书，当我对教学感到压力时，重读它让我很感动。)”可知，老师每次重读这封信，都很感动。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据首段首句“Tyler was a troublesome student, who sat in the back row of the classroom. (泰勒是个麻烦的学生，他坐在教室的后排。)”以及倒数第二段首句“From then on, Tyler was a changed student in my classroom. (从那以后，泰勒在我的课堂上就变了一个学生。)”可知，本文主要讲述泰勒如何在老师的影响下成为一个好学生。故选B。
Passage 3
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 高中生活充满挑战，要用于接受有挑战，激发潜力 252 5min ★★★★☆
Welcome to senior high school! I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you leads to a world full of 1 (challenge). However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies 2 each challenge. Most 3 (important), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. Potential is your natural ability that can 4 (develop) when you try hard enough. I have 5 (confident) in your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to your country. Over the next three years, you will discover your potential 6 you develop as a student and as a person. To fully realize your potential, it is important for you 7 (make) the most of our school resources. Take advantage of your classes, join a club or two, and take an active part in different sports. Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and 8 positive attitude. Carefully plan your study, set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities. As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your 9 (communicate) and problem-solving skills. Last but not least, always look on the bright side and never lose hope, even in difficult situations. As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for 10 (realize) your great potential.
【答案】
1．challenges 2．in 3．importantly 4．be developed 5．confidence 6．while 7．to make 8．a 9．communication 10．realizing
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，高中生活充满挑战，我们要用于接受有挑战，激发潜力。
1．考查名词复数。句意：你面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界。不止一个挑战，用可数名词challenge的复数形式。故填challenges。
2．考查固定搭配。句意：然而，对于那些有积极心态的人来说，机遇在于每一次挑战。固定搭配lie in (在于)。故填in。
3．考查副词。句意：最重要的是，你在高中的时间和努力将为你的潜力打开大门。固定搭配most importantly (最重要的是)，副词importantly作状语，修饰后面的句子。故填importantly。
4．考查语态。句意：潜力是你天生的能力，当你足够努力的时候，它就会得到发展。该空是定语从句谓语动词，that指代your natural ability，情态动词can后用动词原形，从句主语that和从句谓语动词develop是被动关系，用情态动词的被动语态（can be done）。故填be developed。
5．考查名词。句意：我相信你有能力对你的家庭、社区和国家产生影响。固定搭配have confidence in (对……有信心)，名词confidence作宾语。故填confidence。
6．考查状语从句。句意：在接下来的三年里，你将发现自己的潜力，同时发展成为一名学生和一个人。结合句意可知，用从属连词while (与……同时)引导时间状语从句。故填while。
7．考查不定式。句意：为了充分发挥你的潜力，充分利用我们学校的资源对你来说很重要。it is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.，it形式主语，make用不定式形式真正主语。故填to make。
8．考查不定冠词。句意：同样重要的是良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度。泛指“一个积极的态度”，positive以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
9．考查名词。句意：作为一名高中生，你必须努力提高沟通和解决问题的能力。由and后名词skills可知，用不可数名词communication作并列宾语。故填communication。
10．考查动名词。句意：高中将帮助你学习和成长，但只有你自己有责任实现你的巨大潜力。介词for后，realize用动名词形式作宾语。故填realizing。
教材语篇梳理
Reading
Realizing your potential
Introduction The start of a 1. future.
What is your senior high school life like ·It is full of 2. . ·It opens the 3. to your potential.
What is 4. It is your natural 5. developed when you try hard enough.
Ways to 6. your potential ·Make the most of school resources. ·Develop good study habits, useful 7. and a positive attitude.
Conclusion Make a 8. effort to train your mind and develop your character.
答案：1. promising 2.challenges 3.door 4. potential 5. ability 6. realize 7.skills 8. continuous
课文语法填空
Hello, everyone! Welcome to senior high school! Today is the start of a 1. (promise)future. I can’t wait 2. (describe)to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you 3. (lead)to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of 4. (think). However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge. When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity 5. (acquire)great knowledge. Most 6. _______(important), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.
“What is potential ” Potential is your natural ability that can 7. (develop)when you try hard enough. And I have confidence 8. your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to our country. To fully realize your potential, 9. is important for you to make 10. most of our school resources. Senior high school will help you learn and grow.
答案：1.promising 2.to describe 3.leads 4.thinking 5.to acquire 6. importantly7. be developed 8. in 9. it 10. the
阅读微技能—寻找文章主旨 (1)看标题 主旨大意蕴藏于文章标题之中。如果文章有标题, 标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。 (2)找主题句 找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法: 读首句抓大意; 读尾句抓大意; 读首尾段抓大意。 (3)寻高频词 无明显主题句时, 需寻找高频信息词。任意一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的, 因此, 有的文章最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词, 即高频词, 也叫主题词。抓住了它, 便容易抓住文章的中心。
Passage 1
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 老师培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式 273 6min ★★★★☆
（2023·新高考II卷B篇）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。
Passage 2
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 做人与做事 一个简单的写作练习帮助你增强自信 328 6min ★★★★☆
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五）
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
16【答案】D
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
17【答案】B
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
18【答案】F
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
19【答案】C
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
20【答案】G
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
Passage 3
主题语境 主题群 话题 词数 建议用时 推荐指数
人与自我 生活与学习 学生打工 206 10min ★★★★★
(2021新高考I卷) My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was ______50______ than it sounds.______51______ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d ______52______ .
Dad _____53_____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood______54______ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you______55______ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered命令；C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据下文“Our ____48____ in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. ____49____ bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭；C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的；B. financial金融的；C. technical技术的；D. temporary暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历；D. invitation邀请。根据上文“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys欢乐；B. ideas观点；C. roles任务；D. choices选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. ____49____ bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止；D. Remove移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的；C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“_____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来；B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A. indicated表明；B. witnessed目击；C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据上文“This was _____10_____ than it sounds. _____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭；B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you _____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可知，作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠；C. receive收到；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“the dollars you earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。