(共33张PPT)
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人教新目标版 八年级(下册)
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At the end of this class, students will be able to:
1. To learn to use new words & expressions in this class :
pass, borrow, lend, finger, hate, chore, while; hang out, do the dishes, finish doing sth., come back, go to the movies
I hate to do chores.
Could I hang out with my friends after the movies
Could you please pass me the salt
Could you lend me some money.
2. To learn to make polite requests using “Could you please... "and ask for permission using “Could I... ”
3. To learn to help parents with the housework.
Presentation
Let’s enjoy a video and answer the questions.
1.What chores does Brian have to do
Put dirty clothes in the hamper, water the plante, take out the trash,set and clear the dining table,load and unload the dishwasher.
2. Does Brian have to do the chores alone
No. He can do the chores with Leticia.
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Complete sentences according to each situation.
The mother wants the boy to take the dog for a walk.
_____ ____ ____ take the dog for a walk
Could you please
The mother wants the boy to take out the rubbish.
_______ _____ __ take out the rubbish
Could you please
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Complete sentences according to each situation.
The girl wants to go out for dinner.
_____ ___ go out for dinner with my friends
Could I
The girls wants to get some drink after the movie.
_____ __ get something to drink after the movie
Could we
Presentation
Practice the conversations in pairs.
A: Can you please take the dog for a walk
B: OK, but I want to watch one show first.
A: Can you please take out the rubbish
B: Yes, sure.
A: Mum, could I go out for dinner with my friends
B: Sure, that should be OK.
A: Could I get something to drink with my friends after
the movie
B: No, you can’t, you have a basketball game tomorrow.
Presentation
Read the sentences and translate them.
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
Grammar Focus
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Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
1.我可以和朋友一起出去吃饭吗？______go out for dinner _____________
当然那应该可以。_____, that should be OK.
2.看完电影后我们可以买些喝的东西吗？
________ get something ________ after the movie
不，你不可以。你明天有场篮球赛。
No, you _____, you have _________________ tomorrow.
3.请问你可以带着狗去散步吗？__________please take the dog__________
可以，但是我想先观看一场表演。___, but I want _____________ first.
4.请问你可以把垃圾带出去吗？
_______please _______the rubbish 是的，当然可以。Yes，______ .
Could I
with my friends
Sure
Could we to drink
can’t a basketball game
Could you
for a walk
OK to watch one show
Could you take out
sure
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Act out the conversation.
Oh, no! Your room is so untidy.
What will my mom say
Could you please put your toys in the box
OK，no problem.
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Act out the conversation.
Could you please not put everything on the floor
Yes, sure.
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Act out the conversation.
Could you please take the dog for a walk
OK, but I want to watch one show first.
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Act out the conversation.
Could you please take out the rubbish
Yes, sure.
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Act out the conversation.
Could you please pass me the salt
Yes, here you are.
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Could you please put your toys in the box
Could you please not put everything on the floor
Could you please take the dog for a walk
Could you please take out the rubbish
Presentation
Could you please put your toys in the box
Could you please not put everything on the floor
Could you please take the dog for a walk
Could you please take out the rubbish
委婉提出请求(make requests politely)
Could you please...
What can you find？
Could you please+V.原...
否定：Could you please+not+V.原...
Discuss: How to answer
Presentation
探究“Could you please”的回答
Could you please put your toys in the box
肯定回答：
Yes, I can. / Yes, sure. / Of course, I can.
All right. / Certainly. / No problem.
I’d love to. / With pleasure.
否定回答：
Sorry, I can't. I have to ...
I’m afraid I can’t. I am doing ...
I’d love to, but I’m going to ...
--- Jimmy, could you please help me in the garden (辽宁-辽阳)
---__________. Mom. I’m coming.
A. Sure B. I’m sorry C. Go ahead D. That’s right
A
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Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
Grammar Focus
Could表委婉请求的用法
句型: ① 肯定: Could you (please) + 动词原形
② 否定: Could you (please) not + 动词原形
Could you please +(not)+ V-原形 表示委婉地提出请求
【request】委婉地表达请求别人做某事。
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在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这时不能把could看作can的过去式。
Could表委婉请求的用法
--Could you please clean your room
could与can表达“提出请求”的区别
在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，我们常用could代替can， 以表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，而can 则不具有这些语气。这样用时，不能把could 看作为can 的过去式。
A. can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对辈、上级对下级的场合； 1). Can you tell us your story, Tony
你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，Tony？
B. could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。
—Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia 请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？—Sure.当然可以。
常见表示委婉请求的句型
① Could you please + do sth.
② Could you + do sth.
③ Would you please + do sth.
④ Would you + do sth.
⑤ Would you mind + doing sth. 你介意……吗？
⑥ Would you like + to do sth. 你愿意...吗
⑦ What about doing sth. ......怎么样？
Presentation
Act out the conversation.
Could I wacth TV first, Mom
No, you can’t. You should do your homework.
Presentation
Act out the conversation.
Could I go out for dinner with my friends
Sure, that should be OK.
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Act out the conversation.
Could we get something to drink after the movie
No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Presentation
Could I wacth TV first, Mom
Could I go out for dinner with my friends
Could we get something to drink after the movie
Ask for permission politely (委婉请求许可):
Presentation
Could I wacth TV first, Mom
Could I go out for dinner with my friends
Could we get something to drink after the movie
could+I+动词原形
Discuss: How to answer
肯定回答：Yes, you can.
\OK. \ All right.
\No problem.
Sure, that should be OK.
否定回答：No, you can’t. You have... \Sorry,you can’t.\I’m afraid you can’t.\ You’d better not.
…
Presentation
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
Grammar Focus
Could 表请求许可的用法
句型: ① Could I + 动词原形 我可以/能……吗？
② Could we + 动词原形 我们可以/能……吗？
对别人的请求许可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could.
—Could I use your book —Of course you can.
常见表示请求允许的句型
① May I + do sth. ② Can I + do sth. ③ Could I + do sth.
④ Might I + do sth. ⑤ Do you mind if I + do sth.
⑥ Shall I/we + do sth.
Presentation
情态动词could 的用法
1. can 的过去时，表示能力，意为“能够，会”
I could play the piano when I was six years old.
我六岁时就会弹钢琴了。
2. 表示对过去、现在或将来的某种猜测，表推测，但把握不大。意为“可能”。
He could have gone home. 他可能已经回家了。
Where could he have gone 他可能去了哪里？
He couldn’t be at the school then.那时他不可能在学校。
3. 表示委婉的给出建议，委婉地向别人提出建议，意为“可以做…。”
You could talk to your teacher now.
4.用于委婉地请求别人做某事或请求许可(见前面的内容)
could和can的区别如下：
1)can 表示现在的能力,could 表示过去的能力.如：He can speak a little English now. She could play the piano when she was five.
2)在表示请求许可时,没有时间区别,在语气上could 更加委婉客气.
如：Can I use your pen Could I have a look at your book
3)在表示可能性方面,没有时间区别,can 可能性比could 大；
can一般用于否定句和疑问句. He can’t be at home.他不可能在家.
注意和may not 的区别. He may not be at home.他可能不在家.
也可以用于肯定句
An accident can happen if you do this.如果你这样做,可能会发生事故。
Presentation
Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match each one with the correct response.
4a
1. ___ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
2. ___ Could you please pass me the salt
3. ___ Could I borrow that book
4. ___ Could you help me do the dishes
5. ___ Could you lend me some money
a. Yes, here you are.
b. Hmm. How much do you need
c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night.
d. Yes, but don’t come back too late.
e. No, I can’t. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.
P
R
P
R
R
d
a
c
e
b
给你
get sth.+形容词 使某物处于某种状态
pass sb. sth. =pass sth. to sb.递给某人某物
borrow sth. from sb.
lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.
pass [pɑ s] v. 给；递；走过；通过
borrow [ b r ] v. 借 ;借用
lend [lend] v. 借给；借出（lent）
Presentation
Fill in the blanks in the conversation.
4b
A: I hate to ______ chores.
B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.
A: Really Great! _____ I ask you to _____ me with some chores then
B: What do you need help with
A: _______ you please _______ my clothes for me
B: I don’t want to do that! It’s boring!
A: OK. Then ________ you _______ do the dishes for me
B: Sure, no problem. But _______ we go to the movies after that
A: Sure. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.Then we can go to the movies.
do
Could
help
Could
fold
could
please
could
chore可数名词do chores=do housework做家务
hate=dislike hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事
choren. [t ] 杂务；乏味无聊的工作
hate [he t] v. 厌恶；讨厌
while [wa l] conj. 与…同时；当…时候；而；然而
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Could we have a camping trip
Sure, that should be OK.
Presentation
We can bring a camera.
We should bring a picnic mat(垫子）.
Prepare some food and drinks.
Yes, we should bring some rubbish bags.
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4c
Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart.
To-do list Name
bring a tent Liu Chang
...
...
...
...
Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang
Sorry, I can’t. I have to...
prepare some food and drinks
bring a picnic mat (垫子）
bring some rubbish bags
bring a camera
Presentation
Copy the sentences and translate them in the box of Grammar Focus.
Make a conversation according to the information in the chart of 4c and your discussion.
Preview:
new words and phrases in Section B(1a-1e)
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)
【重点短语】
1.get something to drink 拿点喝的东西
2.watch one show 观看一个节目
3.hang out 闲逛
4.pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人
5.lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
6.get sth. wet 使某物弄湿
7.hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事
8.do chores 做杂务
9.help sb. (to ) d o /with sth 帮助某人干某事
10.bring a tent带顶帐篷来
11.buy some snacks买些小吃
【词汇用法】
1. pass
（1）pass作动词，意为“经过，传递”。例如：
The school bus passed our garden. 校车经过了我们的花园。
Please pass me the book. 请把书递给我。
（2）pass 作名词，意为“关口，通过”。例如：
He has got a pass mark. 他达到了及格标准。
2. borrow＆lend
（1）borrow 意为“借，借用”；反义词是lend（借出）。
“borrow…from”意为“从……借（入）……”。
I often borrow books from the library. 我经常从图书馆里借书。
（2）“lend…to”意为“把……借（出）……”。例如：
I lend my book to Lily. 我把我的书借给莉莉了。
拓展：keep也可表示“借”，是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。keep sth. for some time表示“借用某物一段时间”。而lend与borrow是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
You can keep the book for 2 weeks.
【重点语法】
could的用法
could后接动词原形，且无人称和数的变化，否定形式是在其后+not，可缩写为couldn’t，疑问句时could放在主语前。
用法1： 表示请求许可。
这种句型 用could和can都可以，但could语气更委婉。意为“能”。对别人的请求许可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could.
Could I close the door
Yes, you can./No, you can’t.
肯定回答: Yes, you can. / Of course you can. /Yes, please./Sure.
否定回答: Sorry, you can't./I'm afraid you can't.
用法2： 表示礼貌提出要求或请求
这种句型 用could和can都可以，但用 could语气较can礼貌委婉，意
为“能”；回答时只用can，不用could.
Could you please (not) take out the rubbish here
Yes, I can./ No/Sorry, I can’t.
肯定回答: Yes, sure/Of course. /No problem./With pleasure./Of course, I can.
/Certainly, I can.
否定回答: Sorry, I can't. I have to.../I'm going to ...
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to... I'm afraid not.
用法3：表示主语过去拥有的能力，
could意为“能；会”。注意回答不能用can和can’t, 要用could或couldn’t.
Could Alice swim at her age of four
Yes,she could./No, she couldn’t.
①—Could you take the dog for a walk, Tom
—_______. I have a lot of homework to do.
A. Sorry, I can't B. No problem. C. I agree D. No, I couldn't
②--- Could you speak Japanese last year ---_________.
A. Yes, I can. B. No, I can’t. C. With pleasure D. Yes, I could
答案：①A ②D
【重点句型】
1. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
hang out 闲逛
hang out为固定短语，此时hang的过去式和过去分词均为hung。
She is hanging out with her friends in the shopping mall.
拓展延伸： 含hang的其他常见短语：
hang out 抓紧；别挂电话
hang up 挂断电话
hang together (观点等)前后一致
hang back 犹豫；留下，吞吞吐吐
Could you please pass me the salt
pass v. 给；递；走过；通过
pass在此处为及物动词，意为“给；递”。pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.，意为“把某物递给某人”。如果sth. 为代词，只能用pass sth. to sb. 结构
He passed me the magazine. = He passed the magazine to me.
This ball is Owen's. Please pass it to him.
拓展延伸： pass作动词的其他常见含义：
pass走过；通过
The road was so narrow that cars were unable to pass.
及格；合格I was happy that I passed the exam.
(时间) 过去；流逝
The days passed slowly.
Could I borrow that book Could you lend me some money
borrow v.借；借用 lend v. 借给；借出
易混辨析： borrow与lend
borrow
“借；借用”，指主语从别人处“借来”东西自己使用。
borrow sth. (from sb.)（向某人）借某物
lend(lent, lent)
“借给；借出”，指主语把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
You can borrow a book from the library.
He’s going to lend his bike to Tom.
You mustn’t lend others my pen.
拓展延伸：keep也可表示“借”，是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。keep sth. for some time表示“借用某物一段时间”。而lend与borrow是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me. He told me that I could keep it for a week.
【巧学妙记】主语借出用lend，主语借入用borrow，想要保存用keep。
I'll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.
while conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而
（1）while在此处作连词，引导时间状语从句，强调在从句动作发生的同时，主句动作也在进行。
While I was doing my homework, my father was reading a book.
（2）while作连词，还可表示“而；然而”，强调两者之间的对比。
This shirt fits better while that one has a nicer style.
单项选择
( )1.—What does HUAWEI's newest smartphone look like
—It's wonderful! You can it in half just like closing a book.
A. hand B. pass C. fold D. cut
( )2.—Can you come to my birthday party tonight
—Yes, I'd love to. But I have to finish my English homework first.
A. doing B. to do C. does D. did
( )3.Actually, some parts of space are really cold other parts are very hot.
A. after B. since C. before D. while
( )4.— you explain to me how to solve this math problem, Tom
—Sure, no problem.
A. Must B. Could C. Should D. May
( )5.We were lucky yesterday. The bus came we got to the station.
A. before B. although C. until D. as soon as
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.I think kids should help out with________________( chore )at home .
7.I finally understand that we need to share the housework________( have) a clean and comfortable home.
8. I will try_______（solve) the problem myself instead of asking you.
9. Could you please ______ (look) at the watch What time is it
10. The boy ______ (throw) some apples on the ground and his mother picked them up.
三、完成句子。
11. 请你带我去散步好吗？
Could you please __________ me for __________ __________
12. 李杰惊讶地望着那个来自伦敦的男孩。
Li Jie looked at that boy from London __________ __________.
13. 昨天我儿子放学自己回的家。
My son __________ __________ __________ __________ himself yesterday.
14. 那个男孩扔下书包就从教室里跑了出去。
The boy __________ __________ his bag and ran out of the classroom.
15.“你能告诉我一个吃饭的好地方吗 ” “当然可以。附近有一个。”
—Could you tell me a good place to eat
— . There is one nearby.
四、完形填空
It is well-known that English go out always with an umbrella or a raincoat. Why 16 the weather in Britain often changes quickly. It is not very usual for the same kind of weather to 17 long.
Spring can be rainy or windy 18 the weather is getting warmer and you can hope for more sunny days. In fact there 19 as much sunshine in spring as in summer. Summer is 20 time for visitors to go to the seaside and other places of interest. The weather can be sunny and nice. People often go out to have a walk or swim. Autumn is a beautiful season 21 trees in the woods and parks changing color. During autumn, it is still nice to be outside, too. In winter, it gets cold. It may snow, especially on high lands and in the north. There are 22 very strong winds in this season.
January and February are the coldest 23 of the year, while the warmest months 24 often July and August. The difference in temperature 25 winter and summer is not so great in Britain. The average(平均) temperature for winter is about 4.5○, and for summer, it’s about 15.5○
( ) 16.A. For B. As C. Because D. So
( ) 17.A. make B. stay C. change D. take
( ) 18.A. but B. and C. or D. for
( ) 19.A. can B. can be C. have D. can have
( ) 20.A. the earliest B. the latest C. the worst D. the best
( ) 21.A. with B. like C. without D. from
( ) 22.A. also B. too C. either D. neither
( ) 23.A. seasons B. weather C. months D. years
( ) 24.A. is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 25.A. in B. on C. of D. between
五、阅读理解
Many parents make their children do chores around the house.For some families，teaching children what to do and how to do chores is easy.But in other families，getting children to do some housework can be a very big problem.
It is a good idea for parents to teach their children at an early age.All family members must work together to make the house clean，and each person must do his or her share of the work.We can do this by starting a plan of chores and responsibilities when children are young.
Chores are good for children—even very young ones.Doing chores can teach children many important skills like working together.Chores also teach children what is fair.The skills and value from doing chores will be good to children all their life.
( )26. The first paragraph(段落) tells us ______.
A．all the parents make their children do chores
B．it's easy to teach children to do chores
C．some children think doing chores is difficult
D．teaching children to do chores is different among different families
( )27. The underlined word “responsibilities” means “______” in Chinese.
A．杂事 B．琐事 C．责任 D．家务
( )28. It's good to teach ______ to do chores.
A．young children B．girls C．parents D．some families
( )29. Children can learn ______ from doing chores.
A．working together with others B．how to write C．what is fair D．A and C
( )30. Which of the following is TRUE
A.It's a small thing to teach children to do chores.
B．Only the children who do chores know what is fair.
C．Some children like to do chores but some don't.
D．In a family，young children don't need to do chores.
六、六选五
I have just finished my job as a teacher in France and there are a few weeks before I start my new job in my hometown. 31 I am having a good time. However ，living with my parents also brings some problems. Luckily, I have some rules to solve them.
● 32
Most people think privacy(隐私) is very important in their lives. If you want your parents to knock(敲) on the door before they come into your room, you should do the same thing before you enter their room. Only in this way can you show them the importance of knocking.
●Do some chores.
33 But if you choose to do chores before your parents ask you to do so, you will feel in control of your own time. Also, you can choose the chores that you like to do.
●Don't always criticize(指责).
It's easy for you to criticize your parents because you know they love you the most. 34 But that doesn't mean you should do like that. You should be polite to them and talk with them in a nice way.
● 35
Sometimes arguments (争吵) happen between you and your parents because it's difficult to get on well with everyone all the time. But once the arguments finish, try to say sorry to your parents as soon as possible.
A. Everyone knows that chores are not fun.B. And you know they will always love you no matter(不论) what you say.C. Now I'm living with my parents after five years of being away.D. Say sorry.E. Find someone interesting to talk to.F. Always knock.
31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 343._________ 35._________
Unit 3 Section A Grammar focus-3c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5CADBD
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.chores 7. to have 8.to solve 9.look 10.threw
三、完成句子
11. take; a walk 12. in surprise 13. came home from school 14. threw down 15. Of course
完形填空
16—20CBABD 21-25AAABD
阅读理解
26-30DCADC
六选五
31-35CFABD
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