Unit 1 Nature in the balance!
单元引言解读
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
—Friedrich Engels
释义：但是我们不要过分陶醉于我们人类对自然界的胜利。对于每一次这样的胜利,自然界都对我们进行报复。
——弗里德里希·恩格斯
启示：这两句出自德国哲学家、革命导师弗里德里希·恩格斯的《劳动在从猿到人转变过程中的作用》一文,意在说明人类与自然界要和谐共处。
名句积累 1、Not a clean environment, then the living conditions favourable meaningless. 没有一个清洁的环境，再优裕的生活条件也无意义。 ——现代曲格平 2、protecting the environment is every man's responsibility. 保护地球环境是每一个人的责任。——法国雨果 3、Nature is kind of a loving mother, but also a butcher in cold blood.—Victor Hugo, French writer 自然不仅是慈爱的母亲，也是冷血的屠夫。——维克多.雨果，法国作家 4、The first in time and the first in importance of the influences upon the mind is that of nature.——Ralph Waldo Emerson, American thinker and poet 在所有对头脑的影响中，大自然的影响可谓在时间上最先，在作用上最为重要。——拉尔夫.沃尔多.爱默生，美国思想家及诗人 5、When man is happy, he is in harmony with himself and his environment.—Oscar Wilde, 人类幸福之时，亦即人类自身和谐生活、且与环境和谐共处之时。——奥斯仁.王尔德， 6、We make the world we live in and shape our own environment.—Orison Marden. American writer 我们创造自己生活的世界，塑造我们自身的环境。——奥里森.马登
单元主题探究
本单元的主题语境是“人与自然”，话题是“环境与环境保护”，涉及的语篇类型有：歌曲、纪录片脚本、电视访谈节目脚本、小册子等。本单元的教学旨在帮助学生认识环境保护的重要性，培养学生的环保意识。
整个单元的八个板块分别涉及“环境与环境保护”的多个层面。Welcome to the unit板块以一首英文歌曲导入主题情境，激发学生对环保话题的兴趣；(Reading板块则通过有关亚马孙雨林的纪录片脚本引发学生的思考：亚马孙雨林对人类如此重要，人类承担不起损害“地球之肺”的后果；Grammar and usage板块的情境为“环保纪录片和环保志愿者活动”，语法项目为省略这一语法现象的核心规则；Integrated skills板块以“保护动物”创设情境，通过一系列读、看、说的活动，最终要求学生完成一个呼吁人们保护动物的语篇写作任务；Extended reading板块以“城市的发展与环境污染”创设情境，语篇类型是电视访谈节目脚本，旨在引导学生正视经济发展与环境保护之间的矛盾，思考二者之间的关系，培养学生的思辨能力；Project板块要求学生通过合作学习、探究学习完成一个关于环境问题的小册子；Assessment板块引导学生就“环境与环境保护”这一话题的学习进行反思，运用元认知策略提升学习能力；Further study板块引导学生运用资源策略，通过观看视频演讲《我的愿望：打造生命的百科全书》和纪录片《七个世界，一个星球》，加深对单元话题的探究。
主题词块,句式积累
话题词汇
1. live in harmony with nature与自然和谐共处
2. be kind to nature 善待大自然
3. the rules and laws of nature 自然规律
4. keep ecological balance 保持生态平衡
5. maintain biodiversity 保持生物多样性
6. lose the habitats 失去栖息地
7. conserve natural habitats 保护天然栖息地
8. nature conservation 自然保护
9. endanger the lives of 危及……的生命
10. wild animals and plants 野生动植物
11. change the situation 改变现状
12. raise people’s awareness of 提高人们的……意识
13. protect trees 保护树木
14. set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区
15. set up wildlife parks 建立野生动植物公园
16. make publicity and collect money 宣传和集资
17. natural disasters 自然灾害；天灾
18. fall into ruins 沦为废墟
19. die out 灭绝
20. cause great damage 造成极大伤害
21. cause great economic losses 造成巨大经济损失
22. call on people to make donations 呼吁人们捐赠
23. the stricken districts 灾区
24. rescue...from 从……中拯救出来
句式整理
1. If wildlife disappeared from the earth, the environment and climate would be badly changed, the ecological balance would be broken and the biodiversity would be lost.
如果野生动植物从地球上消失，环境和气候将会变差，生态平衡会被破坏，生物的多样性会消失。
2. We believe as long as we take action immediately, we will live in harmony with wildlife.
我们相信，只要我们马上行动起来，我们就可以和野生动植物和谐相处。
3. It’s time we took measures to protect the river from being polluted.
是我们采取措施防止这条河流被污染的时候了。
4. The number of plants and animals on the earth is becoming smaller and smaller.
地球上的植物和动物的数量正变得越来越少。
5. Air and water are being polluted so that the environment in which animals live is destroyed.
空气和水正受到污染，结果动物生存的环境被破坏。
6. Elephants would be in danger of dying out if men were allowed to shoot them as many as they wished.
如果再允许人们随心所欲地射杀大象，大象就会有灭绝的危险。
7. With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone more pandas and save the endangered species.
由于世界上仅存约1000只大熊猫，中国正全力地试图克隆更多的大熊猫以拯救此濒危物种。
拓展阅读精练
阅读微技能---题型突破之细节理解题 文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节理解对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。细节题在高考阅读理解中出现频率很高。高考英语阅读理解题的细节题考点可能源自于段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内或段落间综合信息理解。考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式等，议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。 细节理解题的共同特点是答案一般都能在文章中找到，当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，命题人往往需要根据文章提供的信息重新组织语句供考生做出选择。如何解题？ 关于简单细节判断：首先，题干定位关键词—扫描题干，根据关键词明确答题方向，如数字、时间、原因、事件、目的、方式、现象、特征等；然后，查找原文找对应，用略读与查读技巧定位与关键词相关的原文信息；最后，比较选项与原文的对应信息，直接锁定正确答案。 关于综合细节判断(需要对原文多处相关信息进行转换或整合)：首先，读题干，明确关键词和答题方向；然后，定位与题干关键词相关的近义词、反义词或解释性信息；最后，利用正确选项特点(近义词替换原文信息、变换原文语态、词性或词形、简化或概括原文、正话反说等)，确定答案。
Passage 1 世界各地的三个独具特色的动物保护区
(2024上·云南玉溪·高一统考期末)For many people, visiting a wildlife park is a must-have bucket-list item. Few travel experiences can compare with watching wild animals wandering freely in wildlife reserves, enjoying their natural habitat. Here are some of the very best wildlife parks from all around the world.
1. Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya
The Masai Marais located in the southwest of Kenya and is one of the most important and well-known wildlife conservation areas in the world. Covering an area of 1,510square kilometers, the Masai Mara National Reserve consists of the grasslands, mountain highlands, lakelands and valley.
Those looking for an unforgettable traditional wildlife park experience should look no further than the Masai Mara National Reserve. Famous for its natural diversity of animals, you can expect to see vast numbers of leopards, elephants and lions. The wildlife park is also home to over 450 bird species.
2. The Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Serengeti National Park is a land of beauty that is one of the last naturalistic wonders left on this planet. This wildlife park is the symbol of Africa, and also one of the world’s oldest ecosystems to ever exist. Located in the northern area of Tanzania, the Serengeti National Park has also been famous for the annual migration (迁徙) of wildlife to permanent waterholes.
During this phenomenon, you’ll get to see vast herds of zebras, buffaloes and elephants migrating to the waterholes due to the change of season, followed by predators(捕食者) on the hunt for them.
3. Tierra del Fuego National Park, Argentina
The Tierra del Fuego National Park, located at the southern tip of Argentina, is nestled between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, thus featuring a dynamic weather ecosystem with beech forests, mountains, waterfalls and glaciers (冰川). Not quite the image you may have in mind of a wildlife park being muddy, brownish and all dry landscapes.
It is a most breathtaking wildlife park, home to beautiful species such as eagles, rabbits and North American beavers. Aside from basking in the sightings of these wild animals, visitors to Tierra del Fuego often go hiking and fishing there.
1. Which park would you recommend to someone who is looking for a traditional wildlife tour
A. Masai Mara National Reserve. B. The Serengeti National Park.
C. Tierra del Fuego National Park. D. None of them.
2. Which special activity can visitors do in The Serengeti National Park
A. Hiking and fishing in the park. B. Creating a must-have bucket-list.
C. Exploring numbers of different landscapes. D. Watching the annual migration of many animals.
3. What is the unique feature of Tierra del Fuego National Park
A. It is naturalistic. B. It is the most famous one.
C. It has the oldest ecosystem. D. It has waterfalls and glaciers.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了世界各地的三个独具特色的动物保护区。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Those looking for an unforgettable traditional wildlife park experience should look no further than the Masai Mara National Reserve. (那些想要体验难忘的传统野生动物园的人应该去马赛马拉国家保护区)”可知，Masai Mara National Reserve 能满足寻求传统野生动物园难忘体验的人们的需求，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Located in the northern area of Tanzania, the Serengeti National Park has also been famous for the annual migration (迁徙) of wildlife to permanent waterholes. (塞伦盖蒂国家公园位于坦桑尼亚北部地区，也因每年野生动物向永久水坑的迁徙而闻名)”可知，观察动物的年度迁徙是该公园的一大亮点，故选 D。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The Tierra del Fuego National Park, located at the southern tip of Argentina, is nestled between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, thus featuring a dynamic weather ecosystem with beech forests, mountains, waterfalls and glaciers (冰川). Not quite the image you may have in mind of a wildlife park being muddy, brownish and all dry landscapes. (火地岛国家公园位于阿根廷的南端，坐落在大西洋和太平洋之间，因此以山毛榉林、山脉、瀑布和冰川为特色的动态气候生态系统。你可能想象中的野生动物园不是泥泞的、棕色的、全是干燥的景观。)”可知，该公园不同于传统意义上的只有泥地的其他动物保护区，还有瀑布和冰川，故选D。
Passage 2唐胜利和湖南政府保护鸟类的一系列的努力
(2024上·甘肃定西·高一统考期末)The day starts early for Tang Shengli, a bird protection volunteer in Lanshan county, Yongzhou, Hunan province. At about 5 am, the 60-year-old is in uniform and ready to start his day’s work protecting and recording migratory(迁徙的) birds. Located on the northern side of the Nanling Mountains, Lanshan is an important passageway for migratory birds. From September to December every year, more than 240 species of migratory birds fly from Siberia to Australia via Hunan. In the past 10 years, Tang has recorded more than 120 species of such birds with his camera. “The flight calls of the migratory birds at night attract me so much that I cannot sleep. All I want to do is get up and record them,” Tang says.
When Tang joined the Hunan provincial bird protection organization in 2013, he knew he faced a tough task. Numerous migratory birds were lost each year as a result of killing and illegal trade. At that time, poachers (偷猎者) lit up the hillside to attract the birds there and hunt them. Some nights hundreds of birds would be killed or caught, remembers Liao Changgui, an official with the local forestry bureau.
By day, Tang distributes brochures to villagers in Lanshan to raise public awareness of bird protection, while at night, he goes deep into the wilderness to tackle illegal hunting. “Many villagers didn’t think bird hunting was illegal, and some made a living from it. Our work has affected their business,” Tang explains, adding his wife was threatened at their home in order to stop him doing his work.
To stop poaching, in October 2012, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration issued a notice to prevent the illegal hunting of migratory birds. In December that year, the Hunan provincial government promised to fight against poaching and establish a bird monitoring and protection system. So far, 43 migratory bird protection stations have been built across the province, covering almost all key points on the passageway. In 2020, a “lights out” program started in Lanshan county to prevent the birds from being distracted (使分心).
On Nov 1, the Hunan provincial government issued a ban on hunting migratory birds and other wildlife listed under national and provincial protection. Nationwide, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration is carrying out a two-month special action plan to strengthen patrols and remove illegal hunting equipment in national parks, nature reserves and bird migration routes across the country.
1. Why did poachers light up the hillside according to paragraph 2
A. To find their way around the hill.
B. To search for birds’ nests and catch them.
C. To draw the birds’ attention to catch them.
D. To lead the birds to fly safely and in the correct direction.
2. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “tackle” in paragraph 3
A. Give up. B. Put off. C. Call for. D. Deal with.
3. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A. Ways to punish bird poachers.
B. Routes migratory birds fly along.
C. Measures to protect migratory birds.
D. Reasons why poachers try to capture birds.
4. What is a suitable title for the news report
A. Ensuring birds have a safe passage
B. Important passageway for migratory birds
C. Flight calls of migratory birds at night attract Tang
D. Tang records more than 120 species of migratory birds
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了岚山是候鸟迁徙的重要通道，为了确保鸟类有安全通道，唐胜利和湖南政府的一系列的努力。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At that time, poachers (偷猎者) lit up the hillside to attract the birds there and hunt them.(在那个时候，偷猎者照亮山坡，把鸟儿吸引到那里并猎杀它们)”可知，偷猎者点亮山坡来吸引鸟儿的注意，以便捕捉它们。故选C。
2. 此句猜测题。根据划线处上句“By day, Tang distributes brochures to villagers in Lanshan to raise public awareness of bird protection, while at night, he goes deep into the wilderness to (白天，唐向岚山村民分发小册子，以提高公众保护鸟类的意识，而晚上，他深入荒野)”以及“illegal hunting (非法狩猎)”可知，本段介绍唐为了保护鸟所做出的努力；白天他给村民分发有关保护鸟类的小册子， 晚上他深入荒野是为了打击非法狩猎。由此猜测，划线处和D项：Deal with(处理；应对)含义相近。故选D。
3. 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“To stop poaching, in October 2012, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration issued a notice to prevent the illegal hunting of migratory birds. In December that year, the Hunan provincial government promised to fight against poaching and establish a bird monitoring and protection system. (为了制止偷猎，2012年10月，国家林业和草原局发布了《关于防止非法捕猎候鸟的通知》。同年12月，湖南省政府承诺打击偷猎，并建立鸟类监测和保护系统。)”可知，本段主要讲述保护候鸟的一些措施。故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“When Tang joined the Hunan provincial bird protection organization in 2013, he knew he faced a tough task. Numerous migratory birds were lost each year as a result of killing and illegal trade. (当唐在2013年加入湖南省鸟类保护组织时，他知道自己面临着一项艰巨的任务。由于捕杀和非法贸易，每年都有大量候鸟死亡。)”和文章第三段“By day, Tang distributes brochures to villagers in Lanshan to raise public awareness of bird protection, while at night, he goes deep into the wilderness to tackle illegal hunting. (白天，唐向蓝山村民分发小册子，以提高公众保护鸟类的意识，而晚上，他深入荒野，打击非法狩猎。)”以及文章的最后一段“On Nov 1, the Hunan provincial government issued a ban on hunting migratory birds and other wildlife listed under national and provincial protection. (11月1日，湖南省政府发布了一项禁令，禁止捕猎候鸟和其他被列为国家和省级保护的野生动物。)”可知，文章主要讲述了为了确保鸟类有安全通道的一系列的措施和努力。A项：Ensuring birds have a safe passage (确保鸟类有安全通道)可作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
Passage 3狼对熟悉的人的声音比陌生人的声音更能识别并做出反应。
(2024上·江苏泰州·高一校联考期末)Like dogs, wolves can recognize and respond to the voices of familiar humans more than those of strangers, according to a recent study. The research challenges the belief that dogs ability to differentiate human voices is due to selective breeding(选择性繁殖).
Holly Root Gutteridge and colleagues carried out experiments across five zoos and wildlife parks in Spain, involving a total of 24 gray wolves. The team set up speakers and first played the animals the voice of a number of strangers. Then, they played the wolves the voice of their keeper who would say familiar things to them in Spanish, such as “Hey, what’s up, wolves ” The wolves raised their heads, pricked their ears up, and turned toward the speaker. To test that the effect wasn’t accidental, the researchers went back to playing the wolves recordings of strangers and found that they once more lost interest. Finally, to make sure that the wolves truly knew their keepers’ voices, the team mixed things up and had the keepers say a series of unfamiliar phrases. Once more, the results held up.
Root Gutteridge pointed out the significance of wolves being able to differentiate between humans, despite the fact that our species went our separate evolutionary(进化的) ways tens of millions of years ago.
Before this, there had been a limited number of studies on the topic of how animals differentiate between the vocalizations(发声) of other species. Research has shown that our close cousins, gorillas, listen to people, but that was expected.
Given the new finding, “chances are that lots of species are listening to us and getting to know us as individuals,” Root Gutteridge said. “And it’s not all about us. Dogs could be listening to the neighbors’ cats and understanding the difference between one meow or the other. If the abilities are that general, it means that animals might be having a lot more cross- species interactions than we had thought about before.”
1. What established viewpoint does the recent research call into question
A. Dogs are the only animals that can differentiate human voices.
B. Wolves recognize the voices of humans better than dogs.
C. Wolves cannot understand human languages.
D. Selective breeding enables dogs to differentiate human voices.
2. How did the researchers test if the wolves truly recognized their keepers’ voices
A. By letting the keepers say unfamiliar phrases in Spanish.
B. By asking strangers to reproduce the keepers’ voices.
C. By playing recordings of strangers speaking familiar phrases.
D. By changing the playback speed of the keepers’ recordings.
3. Why are gorillas mentioned in paragraph 5
A. To stress their close relationship with humans.
B. To offer additional evidence for the recent study.
C. To point out another species that can differentiate voices.
D. To explain how animals’ ability to differentiate humans’ voices developed.
4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. The focus of the future studies.
B. The limitations of the research.
C. The significance of the research.
D. The uniqueness of the experiments.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是最近的一项研究表明，与狗一样，狼对熟悉的人的声音比陌生人的声音更能识别并做出反应。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The research challenges the belief that dogs ability to differentiate human voices is due to selective breeding (选择性繁殖).(这项研究挑战了狗能够区分人类声音的能力是由于选择性繁殖的观点。)”可知，最近的研究质疑了狗狗能够辨别人类声音是选择性繁殖的结果这一观点，故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段描述的实验过程尤其是最后一句“Finally, to make sure that the wolves truly knew their keepers’ voices, the team mixed things up and had the keepers say a series of unfamiliar phrases.(最后，为了确保狼真的能听懂饲养员的声音，研究小组把东西搞混了，让饲养员说一系列不熟悉的短语。)”可知，为证明狼真的能听出饲养员的声音，研究人员让饲养员用西班牙语说狼不熟悉的词语，故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Before this, there had been a limited number of studies on the topic of how animals differentiate between the vocalizations (发声) of other species. Research has shown that our close cousins, gorillas, listen to people, but that was expected.(在此之前，关于动物如何区分其他物种的发声的研究数量有限。研究表明，我们的近亲大猩猩会听人说话，但这是意料之中的。)”可知，后面提到大猩猩会听人说话的例子，是为了列举除了狼之外另一个具有这种能力的物种，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Given the new finding, “chances are that lots of species are listening to us and getting to know us as individuals,” Root Gutteridge said. “And it’s not all about us. Dogs could be listening to the neighbors’ cats and understanding the difference between one meow or the other. If the abilities are that general, it means that animals might be having a lot more cross- species interactions than we had thought about before.”(考虑到这项新发现，“很有可能有很多物种正在倾听我们的声音，并开始了解我们作为个体的存在，”Root Gutteridge说。“这并不全是我们的事。狗可以听邻居的猫叫，并理解猫叫之间的区别。如果这种能力如此普遍，这意味着动物可能比我们以前想象的有更多的跨物种相互作用。”)”可知，最后一段是Root Gutteridge对这一研究发现的评论，指出这项研究让人们对动物的了解更进了一步，因此最后一段主要讲的是研究的意义。故选C。
Passage 4 蜂鸟看护者73岁的Catia Lattouf de Arida
(2024上·江苏苏州·高一统考期末)Hummingbirds(蜂鸟) are a very important part of Mexico’s ecosystem, but because of the ever-spreading city landscape, they face all sorts of serious dangers. That’s where 73-year-old Catia Lattouf de Arida comes in. As a self-taught hummingbird care-taker, she devotes most of her free time and resources to nursing the tiny birds back to health. Her home in Mexico City has become known as a hummingbird hospital
Catia’s story as a hummingbird nurse began in 2011, at a very dificult moment in her life. At that time, she focused on her battle with cancer and fell into a depression(抑郁) . She was walking on the strect one day when she noticed a hummingbird that had suffered a serious eye injury. The kindhearted woman took it home and named it Gucci. She managed to nurse Gucci back to health, but she said it was Gucci that saved her. Why Because the hummingbird managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness that had taken over her life.
Word of her success spread among Catia’s friends, and before long some of them began bringing her injured hummingbirds. She didn’t repulse them at all. She began to study the bird and their habits in order to better take care of them, and after 11 years of experience, the 73-year-old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds.
In order to raise awareness of the difficult situation of hummingbirds in Mexico, Catia Lattouf de Arida started posting videos of the patients in her Mexico City apartment on social media, and many of them became popular. That’s when the need for her nursing services really blew up. She has cared for hundreds of hummingbirds in her 11-year career, when she has had as many as 50 of them in her apartment at any one time. She spends pretty much all her time looking after the tiny birds.
1. Which saying can best show the main idea of the first two paragraphs
A. It is better to give than to take.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Helping others is helping ourselves.
D. A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.
2. What does the underlined word “repulse” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Expect. B. Refuse. C. Accept. D. Recognize
3. When were Catia’s nursing services greatly needed
A. When her friends heard about her success.
B. When she was considered as a bird expert.
C. After she shared the birds’ videos on the media.
D. After she looked after a large number of the birds.
4. According to the text, Catia can be described as ________.
A. honest and kind B. generous and creative
C. devoted and strict D. caring and responsible
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了73岁的Catia Lattouf de Arida作为一名自学成才的蜂鸟看护者，她将大部分空闲时间和资源投入到照顾这些小鸟恢复健康上。
1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“As a self-taught hummingbird care-taker, she devotes most of her free time and resources to nursing the tiny birds back to health. (作为一名自学成才的蜂鸟看护者，她将大部分空闲时间和资源投入到照顾这些小鸟恢复健康上。)”和第二段中“She managed to nurse Gucci back to health, but she said it was Gucci that saved her. Why Because the hummingbird managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness that had taken over her life.(她设法护理古奇恢复健康，但她说是古奇救了她。为什么？因为蜂鸟成功地将她从占据她生活的悲伤和孤独中拉了出来。)”可知，Catia Lattouf de Arida救了蜂鸟，同时蜂鸟也把她从悲伤和孤独中拯救出来，由此可知，帮助别人就是在帮助我们自己，故选C。
2. 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Word of her success spread among Catia’s friends, and before long some of them began bringing her injured hummingbirds.(她成功的消息在卡蒂亚的朋友们中传开，不久之后，他们中的一些人开始给她带来受伤的蜂鸟。)”和下文“She began to study the bird and their habits in order to better take care of them, and after 11 years of experience, the 73-year-old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds.(为了更好地照顾它们，她开始研究蜂鸟和它们的习性，经过11年的经验，这位73岁的女士被认为是蜂鸟方面的专家)”可知，一些人给她带来受伤的蜂鸟，她应该是没有拒绝他们，接受了这些蜂鸟，因为下文提到她照顾这些蜂鸟，并开始研究它们的习性；由此可知，划线单词意为“拒绝”，与B项“Refuse. (拒绝)”意思一样，故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In order to raise awareness of the difficult situation of hummingbirds in Mexico, Catia Lattouf de Arida started posting videos of the patients in her Mexico City apartment on social media, and many of them became popular. That’s when the need for her nursing services really blew up. (为了提高人们对墨西哥蜂鸟困境的认识，卡蒂亚·拉图夫·德·阿里达开始在社交媒体上发布她在墨西哥城公寓中照顾这些蜂鸟的视频，其中许多视频广受欢迎。就在那时，对她的护理服务的需求真正爆发了。)”可知，在媒体上分享了这些鸟的视频后，Catia的护理服务量急剧增加，故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“That’s where 73-year-old Catia Lattouf de Arida comes in. As a self-taught hummingbird care-taker, she devotes most of her free time and resources to nursing the tiny birds back to health. (这就是73岁的卡蒂亚·拉图夫·德·阿里达 (Catia Lattouf de Arida) 发挥作用的地方。作为一名自学成才的蜂鸟看护者，她将大部分空闲时间和资源投入到照顾这些小鸟恢复健康上。)”可知，Catia很有爱心，根据最后一段中“In order to raise awareness of the difficult situation of hummingbirds in Mexico, Catia Lattouf de Arida started posting videos of the patients in her Mexico City apartment on social media, and many of them became popular. (为了提高人们对墨西哥蜂鸟困境的认识，卡蒂亚·拉图夫·德·阿里达开始在社交媒体上发布她在墨西哥城公寓中照顾这些蜂鸟的视频，其中许多视频广受欢迎。)”可知，她致力于提高人们对墨西哥蜂鸟困境的认识，这说明她很有责任心，故选D。
Passage 5
(2024上·宁夏银川·高一银川二中校考期末)As humans encroach(侵入) more and more on wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way to survive isn’t to pack up and move — it’s to adapt to the night life. A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear. But this nighttime switch comes with its own risks.
Researchers looked at how 62 species of animals on six continents changed their behavior in response to human activities such as hunting, farming, and development. The studies employed various technologies to follow the animals, from GPS trackers to motion-activated cameras.
Once night falls, the animals surveyed became far more active than they were before humans arrived, bunting and looking for food in the dark. For example, animals that used to split their activity evenly between day and night typically increased their nighttime activity to 68%.
The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them. So, a deer might become more active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, not because it’s being hunted.
The researchers believe these nighttime behaviors not only allow humans and animals to coexist more peacefully, they may be able to give us hints as to how to plan conservation efforts accordingly, such as limiting human activity during times when a specific species is more active. But moving to the nightlife could also have downsides for these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability to hunt and find food successfully and can even affect its ability to find a mate. Switching to a nighttime lifestyle can affect natural patterns of life even if these animals are doing so to reduce their interaction with humans. So, just because animals are becoming more active at night doesn’t mean they’ve escaped the influence of humans.
1. Why are animals becoming more active at night
A. It is easier to find food at night.
B. It is easier to escape being hunted.
C. They can be less affected by human.
D. They have got used to nightlife.
2. How did the researchers find the animals’ behavioral changes
A. They followed and watched the animals.
B. They used modern technologies.
C. They compared different animals.
D. They found more animals at night.
3. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph
A. Any human encroachment can affect animals.
B. Animals can be affected only when being hunted.
C. Deer can get used to nightlife easily.
D. Animals should stay away from humans.
4. Which word can possibly replace the underlined word in paragraph 5
A. dangers B. strengths C. possibilities D. disadvantages
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着人类越来越多地侵入野生动物栖息地，动物们发现生存的最佳方式不是收拾行李搬家，而是要适应夜间生活。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear. (狐狸、鹿、野猪等各种以往白天活动的动物，由于害怕人类活动而在夜间活动。)”可知，动物在夜间变得更加活跃的原因是因为此时它们受人类的影响较小。故选C项。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The studies employed various technologies to follow the animals, from GPS trackers to motion-activated cameras.(研究采用了各种技术来跟踪动物，从GPS跟踪器到运动激活相机。)”可知，研究人员使用现代技术发现这些动物的行为变化的。故选B项。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them. (研究小组还发现，不管人类活动是否直接影响到它们，动物对这些人类侵犯的反应相似。)”可知，任何人类的侵犯都会影响动物。故选A项。
4. 词句猜测题。由文章最后一段“But moving to the nightlife could also have downsides for these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability to hunt and find food successfully and can even affect its ability to find a mate. Switching to a nighttime lifestyle can affect natural patterns of life even if these animals are doing so to reduce their interaction with humans. (但转向夜生活也可能给这些动物带来 。夜间生活方式会降低动物成功狩猎和觅食的能力，甚至会影响其寻找配偶的能力。转向夜间生活方式会影响自然生活模式，即使这些动物这样做是为了减少与人类的互动。)”可知，这里主要讲夜间生活给动物带来的“不利”，所以猜测downsides表“不利或者劣势”。故选D项。
Passage 6 开展园艺工作的原因
(2024上·辽宁丹东·高一统考期末)Whether it’s for your health, environment — or your wallet — gardening has seen a boom in recent years. 1 . Here are our top reasons to get gardening this year:
Pick your own
2 . From picking your own strawberries or unearthing the first new potatoes of the year, homegrown veg is a joy. It simply tastes better. Whether that’s down to the triumph of simply growing your own or eating it when it’s at its freshest, once you start home growing you may never stop.
Invite community conversations
Over the garden fence. At the vegetable fields. While weeding your window boxes.
3 . Simply being out and about in your garden invites interaction and conversation with neighbours and people in your local area, which in itself has multiple social and wellbeing benefits.
Build strength
Gardening is exercise because you do small tasks like cutting grass or raking(耙地) that fall under the category of light or moderate exercise. However, you also dig, shovel, and chop wood to get this level up to moderate exercise. 4 . And this can help build up your strength.
Boost mood
Did you know that gardening can boost your mood while increasing your self-respect levels When you make time to go out and work in your garden, your anxiety levels can go down and you could start to feel less depressed. One study looked at this benefit of gardening. There searchers took people who suffered from depression and had them participate in a 12-week long gardening. 5 .
A. The more you garden, the stronger you will get
B. All of these tasks ensure you work your muscles
C. There’s nothing like eating your own vegetables
D. And now is a great time to get your hands dirty in soil
E. A big benefit of gardening is forming connections with new people
F. They found that each participant had great improvement in their condition
G. It’s amazing to have someone to talk to when you’re tending your plants or vegetables
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. G 4. B 5. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是今年开展园艺工作的原因。
1. 根据空前的“Whether it’s for your health, environment — or your wallet — gardening has seen a boom in recent years.(无论是为了你的健康、环境，还是为了你的钱包，园艺近年来一直在蓬勃发展)”可知，近年来园艺一直蓬勃发展，根据空后的“Here are our top reasons to get gardening this year(以下是我们今年种植园艺的主要原因)”可知，下文将介绍今年种植园艺的原因。由此可知，此空处应承上启下的作用，从近年的情况过渡到今年园艺的情况，D选项“And now is a great time to get your hands dirty in soil(现在是让你的手沾上泥土的好时机)”中的and与空前内容衔接，且与空后的内容一致，讲述的是现在开始种植园艺的好时机，承上启下。故选D项。
2. 根据本段的小标题“Pick your own(采摘你自己种植的果实)”可知，本段讲述的是种植园艺可以让自己采摘自己的劳动成果，结合空后的“From picking your own strawberries or unearthing the first new potatoes of the year, homegrown veg is a joy.(从采摘自己的草莓到挖掘今年的第一个新土豆，自制蔬菜是一种乐趣)”可知，采摘自己的成果是一种乐趣，C选项“There’s nothing like eating your own vegetables(没有什么比吃自己的蔬菜更好的了)”讲述的是吃自己种植的蔬菜是最好的，与本段主题一致，且与空后的内容吻合。故选C项。
3. 根据本段的小标题“Invite community conversations(邀请社区人员聊天)”可知，本段讲述的是通过种植园艺可以与社区人员交流，根据空后的“Simply being out and about in your garden invites interaction and conversation with neighbours and people in your local area, which in itself has multiple social and wellbeing benefits. (简单地在花园中散步，就可以与邻居和当地的人们进行互动和交谈，这本身就具有多种社会和健康益处)”可知，在花园散步，与邻居和当地的人们交流对社会和健康有很多好处，G选项“It’s amazing to have someone to talk to when you’re tending your plants or vegetables(当你在照顾你的植物或蔬菜时，有人和你说话是很神奇的)”讲述的是在照顾植物或蔬菜时与他人说话是美好的事情，与本段主题一致，且与空后讲述的内容吻合。故选G项。
4. 根据本段的小标题“Build strength(增强力量)”可知，本段讲述的是种植园艺能增加力量，结合空后的“And this can help build up your strength.(这有助于增强你的力量)”可知，此空讲述的内容应与增加力量有关系，B选项“All of these tasks ensure you work your muscles(所有这些任务都能锻炼你的肌肉)”讲述的是园艺任务能锻炼肌肉，从而增加你的体力，与空后的内容吻合，且与本段的主题一致。故选B项。
5. 根据本段的小标题“Boost mood(改善情绪)”可知，本段主要讲述的是园艺可以改善情绪，结合空前的“There searchers took people who suffered from depression and had them participate in a 12-week long gardening.(研究人员让患有抑郁症的人参加为期12周的园艺活动)”可知，此空处将讲述的是园艺可以改善这些患有抑郁症的人的情绪，F选项“They found that each participant had great improvement in their condition(他们发现每个参与者的病情都有了很大的改善)”与本段的主题一致，且衔接空前的研究内容，符合语境。故选F项。
Passage 7 做园艺带来的益处
(2024上·广东·高一校联考期末)One great way to spend time outdoors is to garden. Here are some benefits you can get from gardening.
1
Studies have found evidence that being in nature is linked with less anxiety, less depression and many other positive effects. The nice thing about a garden is that it can be right in your yard. 2 , you’re much more likely to be outside when the work of a garden requires it.
Eat healthfully
A garden can make the freshest and healthiest foods available. And the types of foods can have a great impact on your mental health. 3 .
Practice acceptance
Most suffering comes from trying to control things that you can’t. The more you can accept the limits of your control in your life, the more peace of mind you can find — and gardening is a great way to practice. 4 . You just bring your best efforts to what you can control, and let go of the rest.
Develop a growth mindset(思维模式)
Psychologist Carol Dweck developed the difference between “fixed” and “growth” mindsets, and gardening is a great opportunity to develop the latter. 5 . When something doesn’t work out the way you hoped, you view it as a learning opportunity rather than as a failure.
A. If you like healthy food
B. Spend more time in nature
C. While you spend time sitting in your yard
D. With a growth mindset, we’re constantly learning
E. Acceptance in the garden or elsewhere doesn’t mean giving up
F. Studies shows that diet changes can be helpful for depression
G. There’s the added benefit of knowing you played a role in growing the food
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. G 4. E 5. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了做园艺带来的益处。
1. 文章结构分析可知设空处为小标题；根据下文“Studies have found evidence that being in nature is linked with less anxiety, less depression and many other positive effects. The nice thing about a garden is that it can be right in your yard.(研究发现，身处大自然可以减少焦虑、抑郁和其他许多积极影响。花园的好处在于它就在你的院子里。)”以及“you’re much more likely to be outside when the work of a garden requires it.(当花园的工作需要时，你更有可能在户外。)”可知，本段说明花园就在自己的院子里，做园艺活动就会在户外、能够有更多时间接触自然，而这有助于减少焦虑与抑郁；B选项“Spend more time in nature(花更多的时间呆在大自然中)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为本段小标题。故选B。
2. 上文“The nice thing about a garden is that it can be right in your yard. (花园的好处是它就在你的院子里。)”以及下文“you’re much more likely to be outside when the work of a garden requires it.(当花园的工作需要时，你更有可能在外面。)”指出花园的好处在于就在院子里，花园里需要干的工作会让你更可能呆在户外；C选项“While you spend time sitting in your yard(当你坐在院子里的时候)”符合语境，“sitting in your yard”承接上文的“in your yard”。故选C。
3. 上文“A garden can make the freshest and healthiest foods available. And the types of foods can have a great impact on your mental health. (菜园可以提供最新鲜、最健康的食物。食物的种类对你的心理健康有很大的影响。)”指出干园艺活能够提供最新鲜、最健康的食物，食物的种类对心理健康有很大的影响；G选项“There’s the added benefit of knowing you played a role in growing the food(还有知道你在种植食物的过程中发挥了作用这一个额外的好处)”承接上文，阐述干园艺活种植食物带来的益处，符合语境。故选G。
4. 由上文“The more you can accept the limits of your control in your life, the more peace of mind you can find — and gardening is a great way to practice. (你越能接受生活中控制的极限，你就越能找到内心的平静——园艺是一种很好的练习方式。)”指出园艺是一种很好的练习接受生活中控制的极限，找到内心的平静的方式； E选项“Acceptance in the garden or elsewhere doesn’t mean giving up(在花园或其他地方接受并不意味着放弃)”承接上文，指出在花园或其他地方接受现状并不意味着放弃；下文“You just bring your best efforts to what you can control, and let go of the rest.(你只需要尽你最大的努力去控制你能控制的事情，其他的就放手吧。)”承接E选项，说明无论是在园艺上还是在其他方面只需要尽你最大的努力去控制你能控制的事情；选项中的“Acceptance”与标题相呼应。故选E。
5. 上文“Psychologist Carol Dweck developed the difference between “fixed” and “growth” mindsets, and gardening is a great opportunity to develop the latter. (心理学家Carol Dweck提出了‘定式’思维模式和‘成长型’思维模式之间的区别，园艺是发展后者的绝佳机会。)”指出园艺是发展成长型思维模式的绝佳机会；D选项“With a growth mindset, we’re constantly learning(有了成长型思维模式，我们就在不断地学习)”承接上文，指出有了成长的心态，我们就能不断地学习，符合语境。故选D。
Passage 8得了癌症后作者在照顾植物中获得了信心和成就感
(2024上·江苏扬州·高一统考期末)After my diagnosis(诊断) with a cancer, I loved the 1 of having something new and green around. My wife, Hannah, bought me what she said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green pottery bowl. We placed the plant in the living room. I 2 every time I looked at it from the sofa where I spent most of my time.
I told Hannah I wanted to 3 the plant myself. I was pleased when it didn’t immediately turn yellow or brown or 4 all its leaves.
The cancer 5 my ability to walk, and the treatment left me 6 , making it hard for me to perform everyday tasks. Since my diagnosis in August 2018, far too often, it seemed that I had to depend on help from other people. The huge 7 left me feeling upset. 8 , caring for the plant gave me a sense of 9 at a time when I sometimes felt 10 .
Before I fell sick, I had worked as a family doctor. I was used to being the one who 11 care, not the one who received it. Watering the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to my old 12 and taught me I could still be a caregiver. Plants and 13 could still depend on me.
Over the next few months, I recovered from surgery and 14 work. Now I keep a few pots of lucky bamboo in my clinic. Sometimes, I will give one to my patients, telling them, “Take care of it. It 15 you!”
1. A. idea B. photo C. conclusion D. story
2. A. cried B. nodded C. smiled D. escaped
3. A. hunt for B. wish for C. call for D. care for
4. A. grow B. lose C. decorate D. shake
5. A. limited B. strengthened C. questioned D. showed
6. A. hopeful B. painless C. weak D. energetic
7. A. success B. change C. support D. failure
8. A. Besides B. Unfortunately C. However D. Therefore
9. A. achievement B. closeness C. humour D. adventure
10. A. proud B. useless C. amazed D. equal
11. A. accepted B. approached C. required D. provided
12. A. purpose B. personality C. dream D. identity
13. A. people B. memories C. jobs D. diseases
14. A. insisted on B. gave up C. returned to D. resulted in
15. A. observes B. needs C. connects D. respects
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B
11. D 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者得了癌症后在照顾植物中获得了信心和成就感。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我被诊断出患有癌症后，我喜欢周围有一些新鲜绿色的东西的想法。A. idea想法；B. photo照片；C. conclusion结论；D. story故事。根据下文“having something new and green around”可知，作者喜欢周围有一些新鲜绿色的东西的想法。故选A。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我坐在沙发上看着它，我都笑了，我大部分时间都在沙发上度过。A. cried哭；B. nodded点头；C. smiled微笑；D. escaped逃跑。根据上文“We placed the plant in the living room”和下文“every time I looked at it from the sofa”和第8空后的“caring for the plant”可知，作者看到绿色的植物会微笑。故选C。
3. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉汉娜我想亲自照料这株植物。A. hunt for寻找；B. wish for希望得到；C. call for要求，需要；D. care for照料。根据下文“the plant myself”可知，作者是想亲自照料植物。故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴它没有立即变成黄色或棕色，也没有掉光所有的叶子。A. grow生长；B. lose丢失；C. decorate装饰；D. shake摇晃。根据上文“it didn’t immediately turn yellow or brown or”可知，作者很高兴他的植物没有掉光所有叶子。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：癌症限制了我行走的能力，治疗使我虚弱，使我很难完成日常任务。A. limited限制；B. strengthened加强；C. questioned质问；D. showed展示。根据上文“cancer”和下文“my ability to walk”可知，癌症限制了作者行走的能力。故选A。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：癌症限制了我行走的能力，治疗使我虚弱，使我很难完成日常任务。A. hopeful有希望的；B. painless无痛的；C. weak虚弱的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“making it hard for me to perform everyday tasks”可知，治疗癌症使作者虚弱，很难完成日常任务。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：巨大的变化让我感到不安。A. success成功；B. change变化；C. support支持；D. failure失败。根据上文“I had to depend on help from other people”可知，作者的这种变化使作者感到不安。故选B。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感，有时我觉得自己很没用。A. Besides此外；B. Unfortunately不幸的是；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据下文“caring for the plant gave me a sense of __9___”可知，前后是转折关系，空格处用“然而”。故选C。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时我觉得自己很没用的时候照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感。A. achievement成就；B. closeness亲密；C. humour幽默；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“it didn’t immediately turn yellow or brown or__4___ all its leaves”可知，作者照料植物很成功，所以让作者有一种成就感。故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时我觉得自己很没用的时候照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感。A. proud骄傲的；B. useless无用的；C. amazed惊奇的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“I had to depend on help from other people”可知，作者要依靠别人的帮助，所以作者有时觉得自己没有用。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我习惯了做那个提供照顾的人，而不是接受照顾的人。A. accepted接受；B. approached接近；C. required要求；D. provided提供。根据上文“Before I fell sick, I had worked as a family doctor”可知，作者生病前是医生，是给人提供照顾的人。故选D。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水，尽管是一件小事，却把我和我以前的身份联系在一起，让我知道我仍然可以成为一名照顾者。A. purpose目的；B. personality个性；C. dream梦想；D. identity身份。根据上文“I had worked as a family doctor”可知，作者把给植物浇水和以前自己当医生的身份联系在一起。故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：植物和人仍然可以依靠我。A. people人；B. memories记忆；C. jobs工作；D. diseases疾病。根据上文“I could still be a caregiver”可知，作者仍然可以成为一名照顾者，植物和人都可以依靠作者。故选A。
14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我从手术中恢复过来，回到了工作岗位。A. insisted on坚持；B. gave up放弃；C. returned to回到；D. resulted in导致。根据上文“I recovered from surgery”可知，作者康复后就回到了工作岗位。故选C。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它需要你！A. observes观察。B. needs需要；C. connects连接；D. respects尊敬。根据上文“Take care of it”可知，作者给病人给植物，说植物需要那个病人。故选B。
Passage 9不要轻易给一件事下结论
(2024上·广东广州·高一统考期末)
Goldie’s Secret
She turned up at our doorstep. No way could I have sent her away. Maybe someone had 1 her out of their car. “We’re moving house.” “No 2 for her any more with the new baby coming.” People find all sorts of excuses for 3 an animal for good.
She was a beautiful dog. I called her Goldie. She was so unsettled at first and had such a(an) 4 of sadness about her. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s. But eventually she 5 down, always by my side.
That’s why it was such a 6 when she pulled away from me one day. We were having a walk a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very 7 . Eventually she 8 down the road towards a farmhouse.
By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and 9 with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four doggies I started to feel 10 for them. “Oh! Honey, I can’t believe my eyes!” cheered the woman at the door. “I took her for (a) 11 one day, soon after the doggies were born, and she just disappeared.” She explained to me. “She must have got 12 ,”added a boy from behind her, eyes shining with 13 .
I miss Goldie, but I’ve got Nugget now, and she looks just like her 14 . And I’ve learnt a good lesson: Don’t 15 to a conclusion.
1. A. kicked B. invited C. asked D. knocked
2. A. credit B. food C. space D. safety
3. A. hurting B. buying C. selling D. leaving
4. A. case B. voice C. air D. identity
5. A. sat B. calmed C. broke D. slowed
6. A. shock B. comfort C. delight D. terror
7. A. restless B. helpless C. annoyed D. frightened
8. A. took off B. showed off C. kept off D. raced off
9. A. bored B. upset C. patient D. excited
10. A. heartful B. thankful C. sorry D. nervous
11. A. show B. walk C. sale D. tour
12. A. injured B. killed C. lost D. trapped
13. A. care B. joy C. regret D. coldness
14. A. fellow B. owner C. friend D. mother
15. A. jump B. dance C. move D. come
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C
11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在家门口发现一条被遗弃的狗，给它起名为Goldie，刚开始这只狗在她家很不安，总是愁容满面的样子。作者由此判断狗狗一定是被前主人遗弃的。但几周之后，有一次当作者和Goldie一起散步的时候，Goldie跑回以前的家(农场)，作者了解到原来Goldie是不小心迷路了而非被遗弃，从这个故事作者感悟到一个道理：不要轻易给一件事下结论。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许有人把她从车里踢了出来。A. kicked踢出；B. invited邀请；C. asked询问；D. knocked敲门。根据后文“her out of their car”及““We’re moving house.” “No ____2____ for her any more with the new baby coming.””可知，作者猜测狗狗是被遗弃的，可能被人从车里踢出来了。故选A项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们要搬家了。“宝宝快出生了，没地方放她了。” A. credit信用；B. food食物；C. space空间；D. safety安全。根据后文“with the new baby coming”可知，有人会以孩子即将出生，没有地方收留遗弃的狗狗。故选C项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们会找各种各样的借口为了更好的生活而遗弃一只动物。A. hurting伤害；B. buying购买；C. selling售卖；D. leaving离开，遗留。根据前文““We’re moving house.” “No ____2____ for her any more with the new baby coming.””可知，人们为了遗弃自己的宠物，找各种各样的借口。故选D项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她起初很不安，脸上带着一种悲伤的神情。 A. case案例；B. voice嗓音；C. air神态，神情；D. identity身份。根据前文“She was so unsettled”及后文“of sadness”可知，狗狗带着悲伤的神情。故选C项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最终她平静了下来，一直在我身边。 A. sat坐下；B. calmed冷静；C. broke打破；D. slowed减慢。根据前文“She was so unsettled at first”及“but”可知，前后构成转折关系，狗狗最终平静下来了。故选B项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么当她有一天离开我时，我感到如此震惊。A. shock震惊；B. comfort安慰；C. delight喜悦；D. terror害怕。根据前文“always by my side”及后文“she pulled away from me one day”可知，狗狗与作者一直形影不离，但有一天狗狗突然跑开，使作者感到震惊。故选A项。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们正在离家很远的地方散步，这时她开始吠叫，变得非常不安。A. restless不安的；B. helpless无助的；C. annoyed生气的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“she started barking”及后文“Eventually she ____8___ down the road towards a farmhouse”可知，狗狗开始吠叫，变得坐立不安。故选A项。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，她沿着大路奔向一所农舍。A. took off脱下；B. showed off炫耀；C. kept off使远离；D. raced off快速离开。根据后文“towards a farmhouse”可知，狗狗向农舍飞奔而去。故选D项。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达农场时，我很累，对Goldie很生气。A. bored无聊的；B. upset不高兴的；C. patient耐心的；D. excited激动的。根据前文“she ____8___ down the road towards a farmhouse”及“By the time I reached the farm I was very tired”可知，当作者气喘吁吁到达农场时，对狗狗狂奔的行为感到生气。故选B项。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到她舔那四只狗崽时，我开始同情它们。A. heartful真诚的；B. thankful感激的；C. sorry同情的；D. nervous紧张的。根据前文“But when I saw her licking the four doggies”可知，作者一开始很生气，但当看到离开妈妈那么久的狗崽们，又感到难过和同情。故选C项。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小狗刚出生不久，有一天我带她去散步，她就不见了。A. show展示；B. walk散步；C. sale销售；D. tour旅行。根据后文“soon after the doggies were born, and she just disappeared”及常识可知，主人遛狗时，狗狗跑丢了。故选B项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她一定是迷路了，”她身后的一个男孩补充道，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。A. injured受伤；B. killed杀死；C. lost迷路；D. trapped困住。根据前文“I took her for (a) ____11____ one day”可知，男孩猜测狗狗是因为迷路才走丢的。故选C项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她一定是迷路了，”她身后的一个男孩补充道，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。A. care照顾；B. joy喜悦；C. regret后悔；D. coldness冷酷。根据前文“cheered the woman at the door.”并结合狗狗回来的事实可知，男孩应该很高兴。故选B项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想念Goldie, 但我现在有了 Nugget，她长得很像她妈妈。A. fellow同伴；B. owner主人；C. friend朋友；D. mother母亲。根据前文“I saw her licking the four doggies”及“she looks just like”可推测Goldie是Nugget的母亲。故选D项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学到了一个很好的教训：不要妄下结论。A. jump跳跃；B. dance跳舞；C. move移动；D. come来到。根据前文“Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s.”及“I took her for (a) ____11___ one day, soon after the doggies were born, and she just disappeared.”可知，作者一开始坚信狗狗是被遗弃的，但事实是狗狗是自己跑丢的，而且她的主人很爱她，故而作者学到的教训是不要轻易给一件事下结论，jump to a conclusion表示“妄下结论”。故选A项。
Passage 10 不丹为保护雪豹所付出的努力
(2024上·四川雅安·高一雅安中学校考阶段练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bhutan’s snow leopard(雪豹) population 1 (increase) by 39.5% since 2016, according to a new survey. Findings from over 10,000 camera trap images confirmed the presence of 134 snow leopards in the country, an 2 (impress) jump from the baseline of 96 snow leopards in 2016.
3 survey showed promising evidence that Bhutan’s conservation efforts impact snow leopard populations 4 (positive). It involved 310 camera traps across 2.2 million acres of the big cat’s habitat.
“With less than 3% of the habitat surveyed, there are serious knowledge gaps in the population status of snow leopards,” said Dechen Dorji, Senior Director for Asia, Wildlife Conservation. “A 39.5% increase in Bhutan’s snow leopard population is remarkable and calls for the urgent need to 5 (strength) the population assessment efforts. These amazing 6 (creature) deserve our continued care and protection from illegal hunting, habitat destruction, and conflicts with people. Finding effective co-existence measures between local communities 7 snow leopards must continue to be at the top of the list.”
Although the news is uplifting, the species is still listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. It 8 (threaten) globally by habitat losses, food shortage, conflicts with humans, and the climate crisis, 9 (request) continued protection to address these threats, 10 also affect the other wildlife in their habitat.
【答案】
1. has increased 2. impressive 3. The 4. positively 5. strengthen
6. creatures 7. and 8. is threatened 9. requesting 10. which
【导语】本文是说明文。一项新的调查显示，自 2016 年以来，不丹的雪豹数量增加了39.5%。文章主要介绍了不丹为保护雪豹所付出的努力。
1. 考查时态。句意：一项新的调查显示，自 2016 年以来，不丹的雪豹数量增加了39.5%。此处在句中作谓语，由since 2016可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语是Bhutan’s snow leopard (雪豹) population，助动词应用has，故填has increased。
2. 考查形容词。句意：超过1000张相机镜头的图像中发现该国存在134只雪豹，较2016年96只雪豹的基线大幅增加。此处应用形容词impressive作定语，修饰名词jump，表示“可观的；令人印象深刻的”，故填impressive。
3. 考查冠词。句意：这项调查显示，有充分证据表明，不丹的保护努力对雪豹种群产生了积极的影响。上文“according to a new survey”第一次提到一项研究，此处是第二次提到，是特指，应用定冠词来修饰，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填The。
4. 考查副词。句意：这项调查显示，有充分证据表明，不丹的保护努力对雪豹种群产生了积极的影响。此处应用副词positively作状语，修饰动词impact，故填positively。
5. 考查动词。句意：不丹雪豹数量增长了39.5%，引人注目，迫切需要加强数量评估工作。不定式to后面需要用动词原形，故填strengthen。
6. 考查名词的数。句意：这些神奇的生物值得我们持续的照顾和保护，使其免受非法狩猎、栖息地破坏和与人类的冲突。由these可知，此处应用名词复数形式作主语，故填creatures。
7. 考查连词。句意：寻找当地社区和雪豹之间有效的共存措施必须继续成为首要任务。between...and固定搭配，意为“在……与……之间”，故填and。
8. 考查时态和语态。句意：栖息地的丧失、食物短缺、与人类的冲突以及气候危机等问题在全球范围内威胁着它们，这要求我们继续保护它们以应对这些威胁，因为这些威胁也影响到栖息地中的其他野生动物。此处作谓语，it和动词threaten是被动关系，且句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is threatened。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：栖息地的丧失、食物短缺、与人类的冲突以及气候危机等问题在全球范围内威胁着它们，这要求我们继续保护它们以应对这些威胁，因为这些威胁也影响到栖息地中的其他野生动物。此处是非谓语动词作状语，动词request的逻辑主语是前面整个句子，二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填requesting。
10. 考查定语从句。句意：栖息地的丧失、食物短缺、与人类的冲突以及气候危机等问题在全球范围内威胁着它们，这要求我们继续保护它们以应对这些威胁，因为这些威胁也影响到栖息地中的其他野生动物。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词these threats，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导定语从句，故填which。
Passage 11 人和动物的故事
(2024上·广西柳州·高一柳铁一中校考期中)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词节内单词的正确形式。
One day a young man was walking along the road 1 he heard a cry. It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge. As he got closer, the cry got louder and then he saw 2 surprising sight. There, 3 (lie) in the muddy riverbed, was a little dog about two months old. whose front legs were tightly ted with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.
The young man wanted to help the dog, 4 as he walked closer, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started 5 (gentle) talking to the dog. It took a long time but finally the dog 6 (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, focused 7 its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of these, the dog was still 8 (friendly) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up. Several 9 (week) went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.
It was true love and kindness 10 won a lifelong friendship of trust and loyalty.
【答案】
1. when 2. a 3. lying 4. but 5. gently
6. stopped 7. on 8. unfriendly 9. weeks 10. that
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个年轻人用他的爱与善意赢得了小狗永恒的忠诚的故事。
1. 考查时间状语从句。句意：一天，一个年轻人在路上走着，突然听到一声叫。分析句子结构可知，本空填when，引导时间状语从句。be doing...when...意为“正在做某事这时(突然)……”，是固定句型。故填when。
2. 考查冠词。句意：当他走近时，叫声变得更大了，然后他看到了一个令人惊讶的景象。sight“景象”，为可数名词。根据句意和空后的surprising sight可知，本空填冠词a“一个”，表示泛指。故填a。
3. 考查倒装句及时态。句意：在泥泞的河床上躺着一只大约两个月大的小狗。动词lie意为“躺”。分析句子结构可知，这是一个倒装句，由was及上下文可知，此处是过去进行时，还原后正常语序为A little dog about two months old was lying in the muddy riverbed。故填lying。
4. 考查连词。句意：年轻人想帮助狗，但当他走近时，狗开始吠叫。空前The young man wanted to help the dog，与空后as he walked closer, the dog started to bark，为转折关系，所以用but“但是”来连接。故填but。
5. 考查副词。句意：他坐下来，开始和狗温柔地交谈。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词gently“温柔地”，修饰后面的动词talking。故填gently。
6. 考查时态。句意：过了很长一段时间，狗终于停止了吠叫，这个人摸到了它。由空前It took a long time和句意可知，but后的句子用一般过去时态，故用stop“停止”的过去式stopped。故填stopped。
7. 考查形容词。句意：尽管年轻人做了这一切，但他每次靠近小狗时，小狗仍然不友好。由句中的Even，still可知，应用形容词unfriendly表示“不友好的”，作表语。故填unfriendly。
8. 考查介词。句意：年轻人把狗抱回家，关注它的伤口，给它食物和水。由句意和空前的focused可知，应用介词on。focus on“关注”，为固定短语。故填on。
9. 考查名词复数。句意：几个星期过去了，这个人继续照顾这只狗。名词week意为“星期”。Several意为“几个，一些”，其后应加名词的复数形式。故填weeks。
10. 考查强调句。句意：真正的爱和善良赢得了一生的信任和忠诚的友谊。本句是强调句，强调句的基本结构是It is/was+被强调部分+that/who...，因为被强调部分是true love and kindness，故填that。
Passage 12
(2024上·河南郑州高一练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every civilization has its own set of unique ways to produce its delicious food. When 1 comes to China, its unique method is to use ancient herbs in their dishes. Chinese cuisines are tasty, full of flavor, and are now widespread throughout the world due to their 2 (popular). If you want to bring the Chinese taste to your home, 3 (grow) some herbs is the best way to go.
Most herbs originating from Asia are simple plants that are easy 4 (plant). You won’t struggle much to plant a garden of them on your lawn. Most of them are natively from a warm environment, 5 they grow best in warm climate. However, you can also plant them in containers and they’ll adapt 6 their new environment. Get a package of seeds of your desired herbs and plant them in 7 (suit) pots. You’d need to give them moisture(水分) and temperature. When the plants grow out of the soil, transfer them to your garden bed 8 they can grow well. Make sure your pots, as well as your garden bed, 9 (expose) to natural sunlight. These herbs grow on moisture, but too much of it could be dangerous for them. If you 10 (equip) your house with HVAC equipment(供暖与空气调节设备) already, research ways how to maintain the herbs growth while using air conditioning.
【答案】
1. it 2. popularity 3. growing 4. to plant 5. so/and
6. to 7. suitable 8. where 9. are exposed 10. have equipped
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何自己在家种植草药。
1. 考查代词。句意：说到中国，它的独特方法就是在菜肴中加入古老的草药。when it comes to...是固定搭配，意为“当谈到......时”，故填it。
2. 考查名词。句意：中国菜味道鲜美，风味独特，因其受欢迎而广泛传播于世界各地。空处应用名词popularity(流行；受欢迎)做介词to的宾语，且为不可数名词，故填popularity。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想把中国的味道带回家，种些草药是最好的方法。空处应用动名词做主语，故填growing。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数原产于亚洲的草本植物都是简单易种的植物。sth. be+形容词+to do是固定结构，意为“做某事是......的”，故填to plant。
5. 考查连词。句意：它们大多数生长在温暖的环境中，所以/而且在温暖的气候中生长得最好。空处应用连词连接句子，且既可以表示结果，用so，也可以表示顺承，用and，故填so/and。
6. 考查介词。句意：然而，你也可以把它们种在容器里，它们就会适应新的环境。adapt to是固定搭配，意为“适应”，故填to。
7. 考查形容词。句意：买一包你想要的草药种子，然后把它们种在适合的盆里。名词pots应用形容词suitable来修饰，作定语，意为“合适的”，故填suitable。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：当植物从土壤中长出来时，把它们转移到你的花园里，在那里它们可以生长得很好。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词garden bed，且从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导，故填where。
9. 考查时态和语态。句意：确保你的花盆，还有你的花坛，都暴露在自然阳光下。“your pots, as well as your garden bed, ______ (expose) to natural sunlight”是宾语从句，空处在从句中做谓语，句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，be exposed to固定搭配，意为“暴露于......”，且as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数同前面的主语保持一致，所以主语是复数，故填are exposed。
10. 考查时态。句意：如果你已经为你的房子配备了暖通空调设备，研究一下如何在使用空气调节的同时保持草药的生长。空处在if条件句中做谓语，由already可知，表示“到现在为止已经为你的房子配备了暖通空调设备”，应用现在完成时，且主语和动词equip是主动关系，故填have equipped。Unit 1 Nature in the balance!
单元引言解读
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
—Friedrich Engels
释义：但是我们不要过分陶醉于我们人类对自然界的胜利。对于每一次这样的胜利,自然界都对我们进行报复。
——弗里德里希·恩格斯
启示：这两句出自德国哲学家、革命导师弗里德里希·恩格斯的《劳动在从猿到人转变过程中的作用》一文,意在说明人类与自然界要和谐共处。
名句积累 1、Not a clean environment, then the living conditions favourable meaningless. 没有一个清洁的环境，再优裕的生活条件也无意义。 ——现代曲格平 2、protecting the environment is every man's responsibility. 保护地球环境是每一个人的责任。——法国雨果 3、Nature is kind of a loving mother, but also a butcher in cold blood.—Victor Hugo, French writer 自然不仅是慈爱的母亲，也是冷血的屠夫。——维克多.雨果，法国作家 4、The first in time and the first in importance of the influences upon the mind is that of nature.——Ralph Waldo Emerson, American thinker and poet 在所有对头脑的影响中，大自然的影响可谓在时间上最先，在作用上最为重要。——拉尔夫.沃尔多.爱默生，美国思想家及诗人 5、When man is happy, he is in harmony with himself and his environment.—Oscar Wilde, 人类幸福之时，亦即人类自身和谐生活、且与环境和谐共处之时。——奥斯仁.王尔德， 6、We make the world we live in and shape our own environment.—Orison Marden. American writer 我们创造自己生活的世界，塑造我们自身的环境。——奥里森.马登
单元主题探究
本单元的主题语境是“人与自然”，话题是“环境与环境保护”，涉及的语篇类型有：歌曲、纪录片脚本、电视访谈节目脚本、小册子等。本单元的教学旨在帮助学生认识环境保护的重要性，培养学生的环保意识。
整个单元的八个板块分别涉及“环境与环境保护”的多个层面。Welcome to the unit板块以一首英文歌曲导入主题情境，激发学生对环保话题的兴趣；(Reading板块则通过有关亚马孙雨林的纪录片脚本引发学生的思考：亚马孙雨林对人类如此重要，人类承担不起损害“地球之肺”的后果；Grammar and usage板块的情境为“环保纪录片和环保志愿者活动”，语法项目为省略这一语法现象的核心规则；Integrated skills板块以“保护动物”创设情境，通过一系列读、看、说的活动，最终要求学生完成一个呼吁人们保护动物的语篇写作任务；Extended reading板块以“城市的发展与环境污染”创设情境，语篇类型是电视访谈节目脚本，旨在引导学生正视经济发展与环境保护之间的矛盾，思考二者之间的关系，培养学生的思辨能力；Project板块要求学生通过合作学习、探究学习完成一个关于环境问题的小册子；Assessment板块引导学生就“环境与环境保护”这一话题的学习进行反思，运用元认知策略提升学习能力；Further study板块引导学生运用资源策略，通过观看视频演讲《我的愿望：打造生命的百科全书》和纪录片《七个世界，一个星球》，加深对单元话题的探究。
主题词块,句式积累
话题词汇
1. live in harmony with nature与自然和谐共处
2. be kind to nature 善待大自然
3. the rules and laws of nature 自然规律
4. keep ecological balance 保持生态平衡
5. maintain biodiversity 保持生物多样性
6. lose the habitats 失去栖息地
7. conserve natural habitats 保护天然栖息地
8. nature conservation 自然保护
9. endanger the lives of 危及……的生命
10. wild animals and plants 野生动植物
11. change the situation 改变现状
12. raise people’s awareness of 提高人们的……意识
13. protect trees 保护树木
14. set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区
15. set up wildlife parks 建立野生动植物公园
16. make publicity and collect money 宣传和集资
17. natural disasters 自然灾害；天灾
18. fall into ruins 沦为废墟
19. die out 灭绝
20. cause great damage 造成极大伤害
21. cause great economic losses 造成巨大经济损失
22. call on people to make donations 呼吁人们捐赠
23. the stricken districts 灾区
24. rescue...from 从……中拯救出来
句式整理
1. If wildlife disappeared from the earth, the environment and climate would be badly changed, the ecological balance would be broken and the biodiversity would be lost.
如果野生动植物从地球上消失，环境和气候将会变差，生态平衡会被破坏，生物的多样性会消失。
2. We believe as long as we take action immediately, we will live in harmony with wildlife.
我们相信，只要我们马上行动起来，我们就可以和野生动植物和谐相处。
3. It’s time we took measures to protect the river from being polluted.
是我们采取措施防止这条河流被污染的时候了。
4. The number of plants and animals on the earth is becoming smaller and smaller.
地球上的植物和动物的数量正变得越来越少。
5. Air and water are being polluted so that the environment in which animals live is destroyed.
空气和水正受到污染，结果动物生存的环境被破坏。
6. Elephants would be in danger of dying out if men were allowed to shoot them as many as they wished.
如果再允许人们随心所欲地射杀大象，大象就会有灭绝的危险。
7. With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone more pandas and save the endangered species.
由于世界上仅存约1000只大熊猫，中国正全力地试图克隆更多的大熊猫以拯救此濒危物种。
拓展阅读精练
阅读微技能---题型突破之细节理解题 文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节理解对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。细节题在高考阅读理解中出现频率很高。高考英语阅读理解题的细节题考点可能源自于段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内或段落间综合信息理解。考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式等，议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。 细节理解题的共同特点是答案一般都能在文章中找到，当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，命题人往往需要根据文章提供的信息重新组织语句供考生做出选择。如何解题？ 关于简单细节判断：首先，题干定位关键词—扫描题干，根据关键词明确答题方向，如数字、时间、原因、事件、目的、方式、现象、特征等；然后，查找原文找对应，用略读与查读技巧定位与关键词相关的原文信息；最后，比较选项与原文的对应信息，直接锁定正确答案。 关于综合细节判断(需要对原文多处相关信息进行转换或整合)：首先，读题干，明确关键词和答题方向；然后，定位与题干关键词相关的近义词、反义词或解释性信息；最后，利用正确选项特点(近义词替换原文信息、变换原文语态、词性或词形、简化或概括原文、正话反说等)，确定答案。
Passage 1 世界各地的三个独具特色的动物保护区
(2024上·云南玉溪·高一统考期末)For many people, visiting a wildlife park is a must-have bucket-list item. Few travel experiences can compare with watching wild animals wandering freely in wildlife reserves, enjoying their natural habitat. Here are some of the very best wildlife parks from all around the world.
1. Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya
The Masai Marais located in the southwest of Kenya and is one of the most important and well-known wildlife conservation areas in the world. Covering an area of 1,510square kilometers, the Masai Mara National Reserve consists of the grasslands, mountain highlands, lakelands and valley.
Those looking for an unforgettable traditional wildlife park experience should look no further than the Masai Mara National Reserve. Famous for its natural diversity of animals, you can expect to see vast numbers of leopards, elephants and lions. The wildlife park is also home to over 450 bird species.
2. The Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Serengeti National Park is a land of beauty that is one of the last naturalistic wonders left on this planet. This wildlife park is the symbol of Africa, and also one of the world’s oldest ecosystems to ever exist. Located in the northern area of Tanzania, the Serengeti National Park has also been famous for the annual migration (迁徙) of wildlife to permanent waterholes.
During this phenomenon, you’ll get to see vast herds of zebras, buffaloes and elephants migrating to the waterholes due to the change of season, followed by predators(捕食者) on the hunt for them.
3. Tierra del Fuego National Park, Argentina
The Tierra del Fuego National Park, located at the southern tip of Argentina, is nestled between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, thus featuring a dynamic weather ecosystem with beech forests, mountains, waterfalls and glaciers (冰川). Not quite the image you may have in mind of a wildlife park being muddy, brownish and all dry landscapes.
It is a most breathtaking wildlife park, home to beautiful species such as eagles, rabbits and North American beavers. Aside from basking in the sightings of these wild animals, visitors to Tierra del Fuego often go hiking and fishing there.
1. Which park would you recommend to someone who is looking for a traditional wildlife tour
A. Masai Mara National Reserve. B. The Serengeti National Park.
C. Tierra del Fuego National Park. D. None of them.
2. Which special activity can visitors do in The Serengeti National Park
A. Hiking and fishing in the park. B. Creating a must-have bucket-list.
C. Exploring numbers of different landscapes. D. Watching the annual migration of many animals.
3. What is the unique feature of Tierra del Fuego National Park
A. It is naturalistic. B. It is the most famous one.
C. It has the oldest ecosystem. D. It has waterfalls and glaciers.
Passage 2唐胜利和湖南政府保护鸟类的一系列的努力
(2024上·甘肃定西·高一统考期末)The day starts early for Tang Shengli, a bird protection volunteer in Lanshan county, Yongzhou, Hunan province. At about 5 am, the 60-year-old is in uniform and ready to start his day’s work protecting and recording migratory(迁徙的) birds. Located on the northern side of the Nanling Mountains, Lanshan is an important passageway for migratory birds. From September to December every year, more than 240 species of migratory birds fly from Siberia to Australia via Hunan. In the past 10 years, Tang has recorded more than 120 species of such birds with his camera. “The flight calls of the migratory birds at night attract me so much that I cannot sleep. All I want to do is get up and record them,” Tang says.
When Tang joined the Hunan provincial bird protection organization in 2013, he knew he faced a tough task. Numerous migratory birds were lost each year as a result of killing and illegal trade. At that time, poachers (偷猎者) lit up the hillside to attract the birds there and hunt them. Some nights hundreds of birds would be killed or caught, remembers Liao Changgui, an official with the local forestry bureau.
By day, Tang distributes brochures to villagers in Lanshan to raise public awareness of bird protection, while at night, he goes deep into the wilderness to tackle illegal hunting. “Many villagers didn’t think bird hunting was illegal, and some made a living from it. Our work has affected their business,” Tang explains, adding his wife was threatened at their home in order to stop him doing his work.
To stop poaching, in October 2012, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration issued a notice to prevent the illegal hunting of migratory birds. In December that year, the Hunan provincial government promised to fight against poaching and establish a bird monitoring and protection system. So far, 43 migratory bird protection stations have been built across the province, covering almost all key points on the passageway. In 2020, a “lights out” program started in Lanshan county to prevent the birds from being distracted (使分心).
On Nov 1, the Hunan provincial government issued a ban on hunting migratory birds and other wildlife listed under national and provincial protection. Nationwide, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration is carrying out a two-month special action plan to strengthen patrols and remove illegal hunting equipment in national parks, nature reserves and bird migration routes across the country.
1. Why did poachers light up the hillside according to paragraph 2
A. To find their way around the hill.
B. To search for birds’ nests and catch them.
C. To draw the birds’ attention to catch them.
D. To lead the birds to fly safely and in the correct direction.
2. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “tackle” in paragraph 3
A. Give up. B. Put off. C. Call for. D. Deal with.
3. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A. Ways to punish bird poachers.
B. Routes migratory birds fly along.
C. Measures to protect migratory birds.
D. Reasons why poachers try to capture birds.
4. What is a suitable title for the news report
A. Ensuring birds have a safe passage
B. Important passageway for migratory birds
C. Flight calls of migratory birds at night attract Tang
D. Tang records more than 120 species of migratory birds
Passage 3狼对熟悉的人的声音比陌生人的声音更能识别并做出反应。
(2024上·江苏泰州·高一校联考期末)Like dogs, wolves can recognize and respond to the voices of familiar humans more than those of strangers, according to a recent study. The research challenges the belief that dogs ability to differentiate human voices is due to selective breeding(选择性繁殖).
Holly Root Gutteridge and colleagues carried out experiments across five zoos and wildlife parks in Spain, involving a total of 24 gray wolves. The team set up speakers and first played the animals the voice of a number of strangers. Then, they played the wolves the voice of their keeper who would say familiar things to them in Spanish, such as “Hey, what’s up, wolves ” The wolves raised their heads, pricked their ears up, and turned toward the speaker. To test that the effect wasn’t accidental, the researchers went back to playing the wolves recordings of strangers and found that they once more lost interest. Finally, to make sure that the wolves truly knew their keepers’ voices, the team mixed things up and had the keepers say a series of unfamiliar phrases. Once more, the results held up.
Root Gutteridge pointed out the significance of wolves being able to differentiate between humans, despite the fact that our species went our separate evolutionary(进化的) ways tens of millions of years ago.
Before this, there had been a limited number of studies on the topic of how animals differentiate between the vocalizations(发声) of other species. Research has shown that our close cousins, gorillas, listen to people, but that was expected.
Given the new finding, “chances are that lots of species are listening to us and getting to know us as individuals,” Root Gutteridge said. “And it’s not all about us. Dogs could be listening to the neighbors’ cats and understanding the difference between one meow or the other. If the abilities are that general, it means that animals might be having a lot more cross- species interactions than we had thought about before.”
1. What established viewpoint does the recent research call into question
A. Dogs are the only animals that can differentiate human voices.
B. Wolves recognize the voices of humans better than dogs.
C. Wolves cannot understand human languages.
D. Selective breeding enables dogs to differentiate human voices.
2. How did the researchers test if the wolves truly recognized their keepers’ voices
A. By letting the keepers say unfamiliar phrases in Spanish.
B. By asking strangers to reproduce the keepers’ voices.
C. By playing recordings of strangers speaking familiar phrases.
D. By changing the playback speed of the keepers’ recordings.
3. Why are gorillas mentioned in paragraph 5
A. To stress their close relationship with humans.
B. To offer additional evidence for the recent study.
C. To point out another species that can differentiate voices.
D. To explain how animals’ ability to differentiate humans’ voices developed.
4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. The focus of the future studies.
B. The limitations of the research.
C. The significance of the research.
D. The uniqueness of the experiments.
Passage 4 蜂鸟看护者73岁的Catia Lattouf de Arida
(2024上·江苏苏州·高一统考期末)Hummingbirds(蜂鸟) are a very important part of Mexico’s ecosystem, but because of the ever-spreading city landscape, they face all sorts of serious dangers. That’s where 73-year-old Catia Lattouf de Arida comes in. As a self-taught hummingbird care-taker, she devotes most of her free time and resources to nursing the tiny birds back to health. Her home in Mexico City has become known as a hummingbird hospital
Catia’s story as a hummingbird nurse began in 2011, at a very dificult moment in her life. At that time, she focused on her battle with cancer and fell into a depression(抑郁) . She was walking on the strect one day when she noticed a hummingbird that had suffered a serious eye injury. The kindhearted woman took it home and named it Gucci. She managed to nurse Gucci back to health, but she said it was Gucci that saved her. Why Because the hummingbird managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness that had taken over her life.
Word of her success spread among Catia’s friends, and before long some of them began bringing her injured hummingbirds. She didn’t repulse them at all. She began to study the bird and their habits in order to better take care of them, and after 11 years of experience, the 73-year-old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds.
In order to raise awareness of the difficult situation of hummingbirds in Mexico, Catia Lattouf de Arida started posting videos of the patients in her Mexico City apartment on social media, and many of them became popular. That’s when the need for her nursing services really blew up. She has cared for hundreds of hummingbirds in her 11-year career, when she has had as many as 50 of them in her apartment at any one time. She spends pretty much all her time looking after the tiny birds.
1. Which saying can best show the main idea of the first two paragraphs
A. It is better to give than to take.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Helping others is helping ourselves.
D. A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.
2. What does the underlined word “repulse” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Expect. B. Refuse. C. Accept. D. Recognize
3. When were Catia’s nursing services greatly needed
A. When her friends heard about her success.
B. When she was considered as a bird expert.
C. After she shared the birds’ videos on the media.
D. After she looked after a large number of the birds.
4. According to the text, Catia can be described as ________.
A. honest and kind B. generous and creative
C. devoted and strict D. caring and responsible
Passage 5
(2024上·宁夏银川·高一银川二中校考期末)As humans encroach(侵入) more and more on wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way to survive isn’t to pack up and move — it’s to adapt to the night life. A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear. But this nighttime switch comes with its own risks.
Researchers looked at how 62 species of animals on six continents changed their behavior in response to human activities such as hunting, farming, and development. The studies employed various technologies to follow the animals, from GPS trackers to motion-activated cameras.
Once night falls, the animals surveyed became far more active than they were before humans arrived, bunting and looking for food in the dark. For example, animals that used to split their activity evenly between day and night typically increased their nighttime activity to 68%.
The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them. So, a deer might become more active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, not because it’s being hunted.
The researchers believe these nighttime behaviors not only allow humans and animals to coexist more peacefully, they may be able to give us hints as to how to plan conservation efforts accordingly, such as limiting human activity during times when a specific species is more active. But moving to the nightlife could also have downsides for these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability to hunt and find food successfully and can even affect its ability to find a mate. Switching to a nighttime lifestyle can affect natural patterns of life even if these animals are doing so to reduce their interaction with humans. So, just because animals are becoming more active at night doesn’t mean they’ve escaped the influence of humans.
1. Why are animals becoming more active at night
A. It is easier to find food at night.
B. It is easier to escape being hunted.
C. They can be less affected by human.
D. They have got used to nightlife.
2. How did the researchers find the animals’ behavioral changes
A. They followed and watched the animals.
B. They used modern technologies.
C. They compared different animals.
D. They found more animals at night.
3. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph
A. Any human encroachment can affect animals.
B. Animals can be affected only when being hunted.
C. Deer can get used to nightlife easily.
D. Animals should stay away from humans.
4. Which word can possibly replace the underlined word in paragraph 5
A. dangers B. strengths C. possibilities D. disadvantages
Passage 6 开展园艺工作的原因
(2024上·辽宁丹东·高一统考期末)Whether it’s for your health, environment — or your wallet — gardening has seen a boom in recent years. 1 . Here are our top reasons to get gardening this year:
Pick your own
2 . From picking your own strawberries or unearthing the first new potatoes of the year, homegrown veg is a joy. It simply tastes better. Whether that’s down to the triumph of simply growing your own or eating it when it’s at its freshest, once you start home growing you may never stop.
Invite community conversations
Over the garden fence. At the vegetable fields. While weeding your window boxes.
3 . Simply being out and about in your garden invites interaction and conversation with neighbours and people in your local area, which in itself has multiple social and wellbeing benefits.
Build strength
Gardening is exercise because you do small tasks like cutting grass or raking(耙地) that fall under the category of light or moderate exercise. However, you also dig, shovel, and chop wood to get this level up to moderate exercise. 4 . And this can help build up your strength.
Boost mood
Did you know that gardening can boost your mood while increasing your self-respect levels When you make time to go out and work in your garden, your anxiety levels can go down and you could start to feel less depressed. One study looked at this benefit of gardening. There searchers took people who suffered from depression and had them participate in a 12-week long gardening. 5 .
A. The more you garden, the stronger you will get
B. All of these tasks ensure you work your muscles
C. There’s nothing like eating your own vegetables
D. And now is a great time to get your hands dirty in soil
E. A big benefit of gardening is forming connections with new people
F. They found that each participant had great improvement in their condition
G. It’s amazing to have someone to talk to when you’re tending your plants or vegetables
Passage 7 做园艺带来的益处
(2024上·广东·高一校联考期末)One great way to spend time outdoors is to garden. Here are some benefits you can get from gardening.
1
Studies have found evidence that being in nature is linked with less anxiety, less depression and many other positive effects. The nice thing about a garden is that it can be right in your yard. 2 , you’re much more likely to be outside when the work of a garden requires it.
Eat healthfully
A garden can make the freshest and healthiest foods available. And the types of foods can have a great impact on your mental health. 3 .
Practice acceptance
Most suffering comes from trying to control things that you can’t. The more you can accept the limits of your control in your life, the more peace of mind you can find — and gardening is a great way to practice. 4 . You just bring your best efforts to what you can control, and let go of the rest.
Develop a growth mindset(思维模式)
Psychologist Carol Dweck developed the difference between “fixed” and “growth” mindsets, and gardening is a great opportunity to develop the latter. 5 . When something doesn’t work out the way you hoped, you view it as a learning opportunity rather than as a failure.
A. If you like healthy food
B. Spend more time in nature
C. While you spend time sitting in your yard
D. With a growth mindset, we’re constantly learning
E. Acceptance in the garden or elsewhere doesn’t mean giving up
F. Studies shows that diet changes can be helpful for depression
G. There’s the added benefit of knowing you played a role in growing the food
Passage 8得了癌症后作者在照顾植物中获得了信心和成就感
(2024上·江苏扬州·高一统考期末)After my diagnosis(诊断) with a cancer, I loved the 1 of having something new and green around. My wife, Hannah, bought me what she said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green pottery bowl. We placed the plant in the living room. I 2 every time I looked at it from the sofa where I spent most of my time.
I told Hannah I wanted to 3 the plant myself. I was pleased when it didn’t immediately turn yellow or brown or 4 all its leaves.
The cancer 5 my ability to walk, and the treatment left me 6 , making it hard for me to perform everyday tasks. Since my diagnosis in August 2018, far too often, it seemed that I had to depend on help from other people. The huge 7 left me feeling upset. 8 , caring for the plant gave me a sense of 9 at a time when I sometimes felt 10 .
Before I fell sick, I had worked as a family doctor. I was used to being the one who 11 care, not the one who received it. Watering the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to my old 12 and taught me I could still be a caregiver. Plants and 13 could still depend on me.
Over the next few months, I recovered from surgery and 14 work. Now I keep a few pots of lucky bamboo in my clinic. Sometimes, I will give one to my patients, telling them, “Take care of it. It 15 you!”
1. A. idea B. photo C. conclusion D. story
2. A. cried B. nodded C. smiled D. escaped
3. A. hunt for B. wish for C. call for D. care for
4. A. grow B. lose C. decorate D. shake
5. A. limited B. strengthened C. questioned D. showed
6. A. hopeful B. painless C. weak D. energetic
7. A. success B. change C. support D. failure
8. A. Besides B. Unfortunately C. However D. Therefore
9. A. achievement B. closeness C. humour D. adventure
10. A. proud B. useless C. amazed D. equal
11. A. accepted B. approached C. required D. provided
12. A. purpose B. personality C. dream D. identity
13. A. people B. memories C. jobs D. diseases
14. A. insisted on B. gave up C. returned to D. resulted in
15. A. observes B. needs C. connects D. respects
Passage 9不要轻易给一件事下结论
(2024上·广东广州·高一统考期末)
Goldie’s Secret
She turned up at our doorstep. No way could I have sent her away. Maybe someone had 1 her out of their car. “We’re moving house.” “No 2 for her any more with the new baby coming.” People find all sorts of excuses for 3 an animal for good.
She was a beautiful dog. I called her Goldie. She was so unsettled at first and had such a(an) 4 of sadness about her. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s. But eventually she 5 down, always by my side.
That’s why it was such a 6 when she pulled away from me one day. We were having a walk a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very 7 . Eventually she 8 down the road towards a farmhouse.
By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and 9 with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four doggies I started to feel 10 for them. “Oh! Honey, I can’t believe my eyes!” cheered the woman at the door. “I took her for (a) 11 one day, soon after the doggies were born, and she just disappeared.” She explained to me. “She must have got 12 ,”added a boy from behind her, eyes shining with 13 .
I miss Goldie, but I’ve got Nugget now, and she looks just like her 14 . And I’ve learnt a good lesson: Don’t 15 to a conclusion.
1. A. kicked B. invited C. asked D. knocked
2. A. credit B. food C. space D. safety
3. A. hurting B. buying C. selling D. leaving
4. A. case B. voice C. air D. identity
5. A. sat B. calmed C. broke D. slowed
6. A. shock B. comfort C. delight D. terror
7. A. restless B. helpless C. annoyed D. frightened
8. A. took off B. showed off C. kept off D. raced off
9. A. bored B. upset C. patient D. excited
10. A. heartful B. thankful C. sorry D. nervous
11. A. show B. walk C. sale D. tour
12. A. injured B. killed C. lost D. trapped
13. A. care B. joy C. regret D. coldness
14. A. fellow B. owner C. friend D. mother
15. A. jump B. dance C. move D. come
Passage 10 不丹为保护雪豹所付出的努力
(2024上·四川雅安·高一雅安中学校考阶段练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bhutan’s snow leopard(雪豹) population 1 (increase) by 39.5% since 2016, according to a new survey. Findings from over 10,000 camera trap images confirmed the presence of 134 snow leopards in the country, an 2 (impress) jump from the baseline of 96 snow leopards in 2016.
3 survey showed promising evidence that Bhutan’s conservation efforts impact snow leopard populations 4 (positive). It involved 310 camera traps across 2.2 million acres of the big cat’s habitat.
“With less than 3% of the habitat surveyed, there are serious knowledge gaps in the population status of snow leopards,” said Dechen Dorji, Senior Director for Asia, Wildlife Conservation. “A 39.5% increase in Bhutan’s snow leopard population is remarkable and calls for the urgent need to 5 (strength) the population assessment efforts. These amazing 6 (creature) deserve our continued care and protection from illegal hunting, habitat destruction, and conflicts with people. Finding effective co-existence measures between local communities 7 snow leopards must continue to be at the top of the list.”
Although the news is uplifting, the species is still listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. It 8 (threaten) globally by habitat losses, food shortage, conflicts with humans, and the climate crisis, 9 (request) continued protection to address these threats, 10 also affect the other wildlife in their habitat.
Passage 11 人和动物的故事
(2024上·广西柳州·高一柳铁一中校考期中)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词节内单词的正确形式。
One day a young man was walking along the road 1 he heard a cry. It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge. As he got closer, the cry got louder and then he saw 2 surprising sight. There, 3 (lie) in the muddy riverbed, was a little dog about two months old. whose front legs were tightly ted with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.
The young man wanted to help the dog, 4 as he walked closer, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started 5 (gentle) talking to the dog. It took a long time but finally the dog 6 (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, focused 7 its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of these, the dog was still 8 (friendly) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up. Several 9 (week) went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.
It was true love and kindness 10 won a lifelong friendship of trust and loyalty.
Passage 12
(2024上·河南郑州高一练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every civilization has its own set of unique ways to produce its delicious food. When 1 comes to China, its unique method is to use ancient herbs in their dishes. Chinese cuisines are tasty, full of flavor, and are now widespread throughout the world due to their 2 (popular). If you want to bring the Chinese taste to your home, 3 (grow) some herbs is the best way to go.
Most herbs originating from Asia are simple plants that are easy 4 (plant). You won’t struggle much to plant a garden of them on your lawn. Most of them are natively from a warm environment, 5 they grow best in warm climate. However, you can also plant them in containers and they’ll adapt 6 their new environment. Get a package of seeds of your desired herbs and plant them in 7 (suit) pots. You’d need to give them moisture(水分) and temperature. When the plants grow out of the soil, transfer them to your garden bed 8 they can grow well. Make sure your pots, as well as your garden bed, 9 (expose) to natural sunlight. These herbs grow on moisture, but too much of it could be dangerous for them. If you 10 (equip) your house with HVAC equipment(供暖与空气调节设备) already, research ways how to maintain the herbs growth while using air conditioning.
