Unit 2分层跟踪检测(一)Starting out & Understanding ideas
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.There’s no reason to be pessimistic the future.Everything goes well.
2.Boys tend (spend) their screen time on games,where they talk to their teammates through headphones.
3.To avoid getting distracted computer games,students are encouraged to develop different kinds of interests and take more exercise.
4.Stress and tiredness often result a lack of concentration.
5.On (arrive) at the airport,we all were welcomed warmly.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.He had changed so much that you couldn’t recognize him.As a matter of fact,illness and age changed him beyond (recognize).
2.Recent pressure at work may account for his (normal) behaviour.
3.The house can’t be in the (possess) of you until all the papers have been signed.
4.It’s commonly believed that texting while driving causes (distract).
5.As a reward for his (brave),the soldier was given a gold medal.
6.In (anticipate) of my assignment,one of my music teachers let me perform for her as a mini practice exam.
7.There is a mood of (pessimistic) in the company about future job prospects.
8.Don’t compare your strengths with others’ (weak),which is meaningless.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.众所周知,环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。(recognize)
environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.
2.她突然想到了一个好主意,但是她不知道如何说出来。(特殊疑问词+动词不定式)
Suddenly a good idea occurred to her,but she didn’t know .
3.每当有客人来访,给他们沏杯茶是最基本的社交习俗。(动词不定式作主语)
It is a basic social custom to them whenever guests visit.
4.她对待她的养子就像对待自己的孩子一样。(as if)
She treated her adopted son .
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Jerry was born on October 14,1966.Shortly after birth,he was discovered to have a heart defect(缺陷) and quickly had an operation to save his life.Although he always thought his childhood to be “normal”,there were quite a few things that made him a little different.He couldn’t do heavy farm work like his brothers and his classmates called him “grape juice” because his lips would turn purple in gym class.
After another operation,Jerry went on to live a very full life.He studied in a technical school and met his love after graduation.They married in 1989,and in 1993,the first light of Jerry’s life was born.
Growing up with Jerry as my dad was the greatest blessing of my life.He was always full of life and light,making anyone around smile.He never wanted to draw attention to his medical condition.Even many of his close friends and co-workers were unaware of his heart problem.To all of us he was just a normal guy — that was just the way he wanted it.
I didn’t know or understand my father was sick until he was placed a pacemaker(心脏起搏器).Despite several times of unconsciousness,and 19 days’ stay in ICU,he managed to celebrate Christmas with us and even work as usual.With his wide laugh,I soon adjusted to a “new normal” father.The progress and life,as we now know,came to a grinding halt one night after he came down with a cold.
He was picked up by a helicopter.The nurse said my dad was in good spirits throughout the trip,cracking jokes and making her laugh.When he was unloaded,his eyes rolled back and was unresponsive.The man who loved his life and family was gone.
My dad taught me many lessons.But probably the most important one was in his death.I know as I celebrate his incredible life,he will be looking down on me with smile.
1.What’s paragraph 1 mainly about
A.Jerry’s family and friends.
B.Jerry’s first operation.
C.Jerry’s birth and childhood.
D.Jerry’s love for life.
2.What is “the first light” of Jerry’s life
A.His graduation. B.His marriage.
C.His brother. D.His child.
3.What does the underlined phrase “a grinding halt” in paragraph 4 mean
A.A sudden stop. B.A turning point.
C.A bright stage. D.A quick recovery.
4.Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A.Smile at Death
B.Silent Love from Father
C.Grow up Against Heart Defect
D.A “Normal” Father with a Big Heart
B
(2023重庆北碚区高二上期末)
Sleeping with a dim(昏暗的) light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people,according to a new study.Light helps our body maintain an internal clock,but artificial light at night can disturb the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep.New research suggests that even when our eyes are closed,a small amount of light can disrupt the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.
In the study published in Sciences on Monday,scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab.On the first night of sleep,the volunteers slept in a very dark room.For their second night of sleep,half of the group slept with streetlights through a window,and half spent their second night in a dark room.
During the trial,all participants were connected to devices that measured different markers of their sleep quality.They were each connected via a special tube,allowing researchers to collect samples without waking the individual.Researchers also recorded participants’ heart rates and brain waves.
When the volunteers awoke in the morning,the team tested their blood sugar and found that participants that slept in rooms with a dim light spent less time in deep sleep.In addition to having slightly worse blood sugar control,the group exposed to dim light had a higher heart rate on average.By comparison,those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control.“They thought they slept well,but your brain knows that the lights are on,” says Zee,“you should clearly pay attention to the light in your bedroom.If you can’t give up your night light,keep it dim and at floor level.”
Earlier work has linked exposure to light during sleep to an increased risk of obesity(肥胖) in women.Zee recommends,“Make sure that you start dimming your lights at least an hour or two before you go to bed to prepare your environment for sleep.”
5.What does the underlined word “disrupt” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Bother. B.Keep.
C.Disagree. D.Follow.
6.How did the researchers draw a conclusion from the study
A.By comparing earlier work.
B.By asking and answering questions.
C.By conducting experiments.
D.By analyzing the data from scientific texts.
7.What did the study find if the participants slept in dark rooms
A.Their heart rate would raise higher.
B.Their blood sugar control wouldn’t change.
C.They would have worse blood sugar control.
D.They would actually sleep more than average.
8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Sleep Well,Eat Well,Good Health
B.The Darker,the Lower Blood Sugar
C.Sleeping With a Dim Light Contributes to Health
D.Sleeping With a Dim Light Can Raise Health Problems
Ⅴ.七选五
Every boy and every girl expects their parents to give them more pocket money.Why do their parents just give them a certain amount 1
The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family. 2 Some children get weekly pocket money.Others get monthly pocket money.
First of all,children are expected to make a choice between spending and saving.Then parents should make the children understand what is expected to pay for with the money.At first,some young children may spend all of the money soon after they receive it.Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time. 3
In order to encourage their children to do some housework,some parents give pocket money if the children help around the home.Some experts think it not wise to pay the children for doing that. 4
Pocket money can give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with the money.They can spend it by giving it to a good cause.They can spend it by buying things they want. 5 Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice.Saving can also open the door to future saving and investing for children.
A.Some children are good at managing their pocket money.
B.One main purpose is to let kids learn how to manage their own money.
C.By doing so,these children will learn that spending must be done with a budget(预算).
D.Because helping at home is a normal part of family life.
E.Learning how to make money is very important for every child.
F.They can save it for future use.
G.Timing is another consideration.
Ⅵ.语法填空
There’re many life lessons that are presented to us every day.If we take the time to learn from them,they can chart a positive course for us.Here are three of the lessons I 1. (learn) so far in my life.
Live in the present.Focusing too much on the harm 2. (do) to us in the past,or trying to plan for too many 3. (possibility) in the future,can cause us to miss out on the present.Missing what is going on right in front of us can prevent us from the happiness or 4. (satisfy) the present can offer us.
Overcome any obstacles(障碍) in the way.When facing obstacles,we have to decide whether we let them stop us completely 5. we create a new course.Obstacles can easily become new opportunities.We just have to make small adjustments,and sometimes 6. (slight) change our goals.
Get up when we fail.Thomas Edison once said,“Many of life’s failures are people who don’t realize how close they were 7. success when they gave up.” Sometimes it’s the act of getting up when we fall that 8. (help) us cross the finish line.It can be rethinking a piece of the puzzle or simply 9. (continue) on when the end feels so far away.Pushing through it to the end might be 10. makes a difference.
分层跟踪检测(一)Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.1.about 2.to spend 3.by 4.in 5.arriving/arrival
Ⅱ.1.recognition 2.abnormal 3.possession 4.distraction 5.bravery 6.anticipation 7.pessimism 8.weaknesses
Ⅲ.1.It is recognized that 2.how to speak it out 3.to offer a cup of tea 4.as if he were her own child
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述父亲Jerry从出生就有心脏病,但是他仍然表现得像正常人一样,给周围的人带来欢乐。父亲的积极乐观教会了作者很多。
1.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Jerry was born on October 14,1966.”和“Although he always thought his childhood to be ‘normal’,there were quite a few things that made him a little different.”可知,第一段主要讲述杰瑞的出生和童年生活。故选C项。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Growing up with Jerry as my dad was the greatest blessing of my life.”可知,杰瑞的第一道光应该是指他的孩子。故选D项。
3.A 词义理解题。根据画线短语所在句“The progress and life,as we now know,came to a grinding halt one night after he came down with a cold.”并结合下文“The man who loved his life and family was gone.”可知,杰瑞在那天晚上去世了,所以画线部分是指“他的进步和生活在那天晚上走到了尽头”。故选A项。
4.D 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知,本文主要讲述父亲Jerry从出生就有心脏病,但是他仍然表现得像正常人一样,直到去世前夕,还一直在给周围的人带来欢乐。故“一个心胸宽广的‘正常’父亲”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡觉时昏暗的灯光对人体的健康会产生一定的危害。
5.A 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“but artificial light at night can disturb the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep”可知,睡觉时的灯光会干扰人在睡眠时的休息和自我修复;结合画线词所在句可知,“disrupt”应该与前文的“disturb”(干扰)同义,也与选项A中的“Bother”同义。故选A项。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In the study published in Sciences on Monday,scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab.” 并结合第三、四段内容可知,研究者们是通过对20名参加者进行具体的实验而得出了最终结论。故选C项。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control”可知,在黑暗的房间里睡觉的参加者的血糖控制基本不会发生变化。故选B项。
8.D 标题概括题。根据第一段中的“Sleeping with a dim light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people,according to a new study.” 并结合全文内容可知,本文主要讲述了在昏暗的灯光下睡觉会引发健康问题。故选D项。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者对于孩子如何使用零花钱的问题给出了自己的看法。
1.B 根据前一句“Why do their parents just give them a certain amount ”可知,此处应该是对问题做出回答,B项中的“let kids learn how to manage their own money”符合语境。故选B项。
2.G 根据下文“Some children get weekly pocket money.Others get monthly pocket money.”可知,此处在讲给零用钱的时间。G项中的“Timing”与之呼应,故选G项。
3.C 根据上文“First of all,children are expected to make a choice between spending and saving.Then parents should make the children understand what is expected to pay for with the money.”可知,本段主要讲述孩子要在合适的时间花自己的零花钱。空前一句“Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time.”说明父母要做的是在时机成熟前不要给孩子太多的钱,C项中的“spending must be done with a budget”呼应上文,说明钱不多,孩子们就会学会花钱要有预算。this指代上文父母的做法。故选C项。
4.D 根据上文“In order to encourage their children to do some housework,some parents give pocket money if the children help around the home.Some experts think it not wise to pay the children for doing that.”可知,专家认为给钱让孩子做家务是错误的,D项中的“helping at home”与上文的“help around the home”呼应。故选D项。
5.F 根据下一句“Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice.”可知,此处是关于储蓄的话题,F项中的“save”与“saving”一致。故选F项。
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者讨论了自己学到的三个人生经验。
1.have learned/have learnt 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“so far”可知,使用现在完成时,主语为I,助动词用have。故填have learned/learnt。
2.done 考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作定语修饰名词harm,harm和do为逻辑上的动宾关系,需用过去分词形式。故填done。
3.possibilities 考查名词。too many后面需加可数名词复数形式。故填possibilities。
4.satisfaction 考查名词。空处和happiness并列,需填名词。satisfaction意为“满足”,是不可数名词。故填satisfaction。
5.or 考查连词。whether...or...为固定用法,意为“不管……还是……”。故填or。
6.slightly 考查副词。修饰动词change需用副词作状语。故填slightly。
7.to 考查介词。close to为固定短语,意为“接近”。故填to。
8.helps 考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处为强调句型的谓语,主语是the act,谓语用第三人称单数,描述客观事实用一般现在时,故填helps。
9.continuing 考查现在分词。空处和rethinking并列,需填现在分词和can be构成情态动词的进行时。故填continuing。
10.what 考查名词性从句。空处引导表语从句,从句缺少主语,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。Unit 2分层跟踪检测(二)Using language
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.While listening,pick some useful words or (习语).
2.Someone proposed a motion to increase the membership (费用) to ￡500 a year.
3.The two groups are (合作,协作) with each other to achieve their common goals.
4.There are a lot of cartoon (人物,角色) that we often see on television.
5.They drive at an (平均的) speed of 100 miles per hour.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house (rebuild).
2.The party (hold) in memory of heroes who died in the war every year.
3.More than seven million people (affect) by drought so far.
4.The house (decorate) now for the New Year’s celebration.
5.The noodles which (keep) in the kitchen cupboard didn’t go bad.
6.Don’t worry.The hard work that you are doing now (repay) later in life.
7.The celebrations (set) on Saturday,March 17 and most activities were organized at the weekend.
8.After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading,only to be told that it (decorate).
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.希望我们今后能更加密切地合作。
even more closely in the future.
2.医生建议人们即使在节假日也不要熬夜。
Doctors suggest that late even on holidays.
3.今天汉语越来越受欢迎了。全世界许多学校都在教汉语。
Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. around the world.
4.去年我们学校种了许多树和花,使我们学校成了一个美丽的花园。
last year,and they made our school a beautiful garden.
5.下周将在学校礼堂举行一次关于科学技术发展的讲座。
A talk on developments in science and technology next week.
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
August or “Auggie” Pullman,a ten-year-old boy living in New York City,was born with a facial deformity(畸形) that has made it difficult for him to make friends.He has been homeschooled up until fifth grade,but his parents have decided that it is time for him to go to real school.They send him to Beecher Prep,neighborhood private school,and take him to meet the headmaster,Mr Tushman.While August is there,some of the kids take him on a tour of the school;one of them,Jack Will,is nice,but another,Julian,is noticeably rude.Jack is nice to him,and August believes he has found a friend.
August’s classmates slowly get used to the way his face looks.He is friendly to others and performs well in class.August becomes friends with Jack,and with a girl named Summer who sits with him at lunch on the first day.However,things get worse on Halloween,August’s favorite day of the year,when August overhears Jack say to Julian and some other boys that he would kill himself if he looked like August.He also says he is only nice to August because Mr Tushman asked him to be.Jack is completely unaware that August himself is sitting nearby.August gets hurt deeply and stops talking to Jack.When Jack finds the truth,he feels guilty(内疚的) about being mean.He really does want to be friends with August.One day,Jack hits Julian for saying mean things about August.After that,Jack and August become friends and start eating lunch together with Summer.
At wilderness camp,August is attacked by a group of seventh graders in order to protect Jack.Public opinion swings in favor of August.In the end,August wins the Henry Ward Beecher medal,a special award for courage and kindness.August is amazed that he survived fifth grade.His friends and family make him feel like a regular kid.The novel ends with his mother whispering in his ear,calling him a “wonder”.
1.What makes August different from other children
A.His unusual parents.
B.His abnormal appearance.
C.His bad temper.
D.His unfriendly classmates.
2.Why does Jack feel guilty when August stops talking to him
A.He says something mean about August.
B.He follows Mr Tushman’s requirement.
C.He hits August without reason.
D.Julian doesn’t like August at all.
3.What’s the ending of the story
A.August is really a failure at school.
B.August is not surprised that he survived fifth grade.
C.August drops out of school in the end.
D.August wins a medal for his courage and kindness.
4.What type of writing is the text
A.A film review. B.A new report.
C.A book review. D.An advertisement.
Ⅴ.完形填空
Over the last few weeks,I have been back and forth to the hospital and working with my doctors and medical technicians.I feel very 1 and appreciative of all the great minds and efforts involved in 2 my illness.I’m very grateful to those human beings who invented the many medical 3 that have saved so many lives.
With everything I 4 ,I couldn’t help thinking about many life-changing 5 that we humans have come up with,from the fairly simple stethoscope to more 6 inventions like X-rays,and other great devices.Of course,one of the biggest,most basic inventions was the 7 .It changed the world in all kinds of ways.Without wheels,we’d have no bikes,cars,trains,or airplanes.
8 many inventions human beings have invented through the ages,I found it 9 to imagine what if we live without some very popular inventions.
Some inventions were accidental 10 but many were matter of simply trying to solve a problem.If we pay attention to what we experience and really put our 11 to it,there is no reason why we couldn’t come up with some new inventions ourselves.Maybe make a list of 12 items,systems,and habits we all have,and then go up and down the list and see if we can put two or three items together in a way to come up with a new 13 or better way to handle life and the 14 in it.Give it a try and see what we can come up with.We could 15 ourselves,and others as well!
1.A.regretful B.grateful
C.severe D.pure
2.A.ignoring B.concerning
C.curing D.swapping
3.A.devices B.antiques
C.curtains D.manuals
4.A.packed up B.set down
C.went through D.suffered from
5.A.proofs B.shadows
C.editions D.inventions
6.A.complex B.pure
C.adorable D.contradictory
7.A.train B.wheel
C.airplane D.car
8.A.Drafting B.Seizing
C.Adapting D.Reviewing
9.A.funny B.steady
C.hard D.safe
10.A.discoveries B.statistics
C.patents D.observations
11.A.principles B.policies
C.minds D.effects
12.A.distinct B.strange
C.legal D.common
13.A.current B.product
C.powder D.criterion
14.A.challenges B.directions
C.privacies D.conclusions
15.A.puzzle B.frighten
C.annoy D.surprise
分层跟踪检测(二)Using language
Ⅰ.1.phrases 2.fee 3.cooperating 4.characters 5.average
Ⅱ.1.is being rebuilt 2.is held 3.have been affected
4.is being decorated 5.had been kept 6.will be repaid 7.were set 8.was being decorated
Ⅲ.1.We hope we can cooperate 2.people should not stay up 3.It is taught in many schools 4.Many trees and flowers were planted in our school 5.will be given in the school hall
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇书评。文章讲述了名叫August的十岁男孩,由于天生面部畸形,直到五年级时才去学校上学,在交友时遇到各种困难,但是最后靠他的友善和勇气创造了奇迹。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“August or ‘Auggie’ Pullman,a ten-year-old boy living in New York City,was born with a facial deformity that has made it difficult for him to make friends.”可知,他的不正常的外貌让他和其他人不同。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...he would kill himself if he looked like August.He also says he is only nice to August because Mr Tushman asked him to be.Jack is completely unaware that August himself is sitting nearby.August gets hurt deeply and stops talking to Jack.When Jack finds the truth,he feels guilty about being mean.”可知,Jack因为自己说了一些刻薄的话而感到内疚。故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In the end,August wins the Henry Ward Beecher medal,a special award for courage and kindness.”可知,最后August因他的勇气和友善获得了一项特殊奖项。故选D项。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The novel ends with his mother whispering in his ear,calling him a ‘wonder’.”可知,本文是书评。故选C项。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自身治病的经历,想到了许多改变人类生活的发明,从而领悟到只要我们多注意自己的经历并认真思考,我们自己也可以想出一些新产品和更好的方法来应对生活和其中的挑战。
1.B 根据后文“and appreciative of all the great minds and efforts”可知,作者对伟大的想法和努力感到非常感激和赞赏。故选B项。
2.C 根据后文宾语my illness可知是治愈疾病。故选C项。
3.A 呼应后文“and other great devices”指医疗设备。故选A项。
4.C 结合第一段中的“Over the last few weeks,I have been back and forth to the hospital and working with my doctors and medical technicians.”可知是指经历了这一切。故选C项。
5.D 呼应后文“inventions like X-rays,and other great devices”指许多改变人类生活的发明。故选D项。
6.A 结合上文“from the fairly simple stethoscope to more”可知,是从简单的发明到更复杂的发明。故选A项。
7.B 呼应后文“Without wheels,we’d have no bikes,cars,trains,or airplanes.”指最大、最基本的发明之一就是轮子。故选B项。
8.D 根据后文“many inventions human beings have invented through the ages”可知,作者回顾人类多年来发明的许多发明。故选D项。
9.C 根据后文“to imagine what if we live without some very popular inventions”可知,这些发明对人影响巨大,所以作者认为很难想象如果我们的生活中没有一些非常流行的发明会怎么样。故选C项。
10.A 根据上文“Some inventions were accidental”指有些发明是偶然的发现。故选A项。
11.C 根据上文“If we pay attention to what we experience and really put our”可知,指思考自己所经历的事情,应用put minds to表示“思考”。故选C项。
12.D 根据后文“items,systems,and habits we all have”可知,是指把常见物品、系统和习惯列一个清单。故选D项。
13.B 呼应上文“there is no reason why we couldn’t come up with some new inventions ourselves”可知,作者认为只要我们认真思考,也可以把一些常见物品组合成一个新的产品,或更好的方式来处理生活和其中的挑战。故选B项。
14.A 根据上文“or better way to handle life and the”指想出更好的方式来处理生活和其中的挑战。故选A项。
15.D 根据上文“Give it a try and see what we can come up with.We could”可知作者认为只要我们思考也可以想出一些新产品和新方法来应对挑战,从而带给自己和别人惊喜。故选D项。Unit 2分层跟踪检测(三)Developing ideas & Writing
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.While nobody was looking,she squashed her school hat and (挤) it into a wastebasket.
2.Eileen (倚) across and opened the passenger door.
3.He wished to earn a living through writing but (绝望) of doing so.
4.The boy ran towards his mother with his arms (张开的,伸开的).
5.Ministers have begun work on the (恼火的)issue of economic union.
6.It is (荒唐的) to think knowledge is not necessary and that luck matters most.
7.A (透明的) object doesn’t absorb light.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The curtains are for (pure) decorative purposes and cannot open or close.
2.The manager knew (instinctive) that something was wrong with the project.
3.Nodding his thanks to her,he ate the most (luxury) meal he had ever had in his life.
4.Wedding rings are intended to be (symbol) of love and commitment.
5.Diamonds were once thought to have (magic) powers.
6.Her (reluctant) to talk to the press was quite understandable.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.尽管免费提供疫苗,但有些人因为身体原因不能接种。(状语从句的省略)
the vaccine for free,some people cannot receive it for physical reasons.
2.我第一次吃中餐就爱上了它独特的味道和花样。(时间状语从句)
,I fell in love with its unique flavors and patterns.
3.她的故事如此悲惨,以至于引起了我们的同情。(so...as to)
Her story was our sympathy.
4.大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
It rained heavily, .
5.听到这个有趣的故事,所有在场的人都突然大笑了起来。(burst)
Hearing the interesting story,all the people present .
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
It seems clear that our working lives have a major influence on our mental health.We spend lots of time working hard,after all.A new study shows that if you’re feeling wretched as a result of your workplace,you’re certainly not alone.
People who work in unfriendly environments—identified by poor management practices,bullying and a failure to consider employees’ mental health—are three times more likely to suffer from depression(抑郁),says a research.
The year-long Australian population study discovered a link between working long hours and depression,and noted that men are more likely than women to become depressed if their workplace doesn’t care about their mental health.
Lead author Dr Amy Zadow said,“The study shows that companies that fail to reward or acknowledge(承认) their employees for hard work and press unreasonable demands on workers are placing their employees at a much greater risk of depression.”
The risks of these kinds of working environments go beyond the individual(个体).If employees are unhappy,mistreated or burnt out,they can’t focus on their tasks and will therefore be less productive.It’s clear that bosses need to care more about workers’ mental health—especially following the great stresses during the epidemic outbreak.
“Many of us dislike our work not because it is not proper work for us,but because of the politics we face every day in our work environment.If we can agree some shifts or if we could have a role in somehow changing the politics,we might feel happier,” says psychotherapist(精神治疗医师) Serge Behrens.“Depression affects over 260 million people worldwide and causes many people to take their own lives.Therefore,it is important that companies or organizations provide the employees with a homely and happy working atmosphere.”
1.What does the underlined word “wretched” in the first paragraph probably mean
A.Confused. B.Nervous.
C.Doubtful. D.Uncomfortable.
2.Which of the following leads to depression according to the study
A.Failing to be rewarded for hard work.
B.Doing a job in the management field.
C.Working together with depressed men.
D.Doing a demanding and challenging job.
3.What do Serge Behrens’ words suggest
A.People should take up proper work.
B.Employees’ work environment should be improved.
C.Each employee should have a role to play in the workplace.
D.More and more employees are enjoying a homely and happy working atmosphere.
4.Who is the text most probably written to
A.Workers. B.Researchers.
C.Employers. D.Doctors.
B
Of all human activities,few are so readily considered to strengthen the power of the mind as going for a good walk.However,those who assume that walking at a gentle pace is the symbol of high intelligence should think again,scientists have said.
Based on a new series of experiments,they now believe the slower a person’s tendency to walk,the less able their brain.Published in The Journal of the American Medical Association,the study revealed an average difference of 16 IQ points between the slowest and the fastest walkers at the age of 45.In the study,slower walkers were shown to have “accelerated(加速) aging” on a 19-measure scale,and their lungs,teeth and immune systems tended to be in worse shape than the people who walked faster.
The team at Duke University in North Carolina said genetic factors may explain the link between walking speed,brain capacity and physiological health,or that better brain health might promote physical activity,leading to better walking speed.
The 904 men and women tested at 45 were tracked from the age of three,each undergoing tests over the years.The long-term data collection enabled researchers to establish that people who walk slower with lower IQ scores,linguistic ability,capacity to tolerate frustration,motor skills and emotional control tended to have slower pace by middle age.MRI exams during their final assessment at 45 showed the slower walkers tended to have lower total brain volume and less brain surface area,the researchers said.
The researchers said some of the differences in health and cognition(认知) may be the result of lifestyle choices people have made.The study also suggests that there are already signs in early life of who would become the slowest walkers.“We may have a chance here to see who’s going to do better health-wise in later life,” said Dr Rasmussen.
5.What is the function of the first paragraph
A.To tell the main idea of the passage.
B.To lead in the topic of the passage.
C.To introduce the result of the research.
D.To stress the importance of walking.
6.What did the experiments show
A.Walking gently boosts the capacity of the brain.
B.Walking at a slower pace indicates a slower mind.
C.It’s hard for the slow walkers to improve their IQ.
D.There’s relationship between walking and lifestyle.
7.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.People’s lifestyle choices are different in early life.
B.People’s health and cognition are fixed in early life.
C.People’s lifestyle choices may affect people’s health.
D.People’s health and cognition are determined by walking.
8.What is the author’s attitude to the topic
A.Supportive. B.Opposed.
C.Objective. D.Subjective.
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假设你即将参加你校主题为“Preparing myself for college life”的英语演讲比赛,请根据提示写一则简短的英语演讲稿,构思一下你的大学生活和你打算怎么做来适应大学生活。内容要点应包括:
1.确立新的学习目标;
2.学会独立生活;
3.参加各种活动;
4.处理好与同学和老师的关系。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.层次清晰,连贯流畅;表达灵活,但不要逐字逐句翻译;
3.请在相应位置作答。
Preparing myself for college life
Hello,everyone!My college life is right around the corner and I’m getting ready for it.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all.Thank you!
Ⅵ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have already forgotten the name of that old lady.Yet I still remember the matter as if it happened yesterday.It is she who teaches me a lesson in forgiveness.
It happened when I was twelve years old.That summer holiday,I planned to earn some pocket money by delivering the newspaper in our neighborhood.And she was a customer on my paper route.She was a kind lady and every time I gave her the paper,she would give me some cookies.
On a mindless Saturday afternoon,a friend and I were throwing rocks onto the roof of the old lady’s house from a quiet spot in her backyard.The purpose of our play was to observe how the rocks changed to missiles(导弹) as they rolled to the roof’s edge and shot out into the yard like comets(彗星) falling from the sky.
I found myself a perfectly smooth rock and sent it for a ride.The stone was too smooth,however,so it slipped from my hand as I let it go.Seeing it headed straight for a small window on the old lady’s back porch(门廊),we stood there,numb with fear.The sound of broken glass awoke us from the fear and the next second,we ran away from the old lady’s yard faster than any of our missiles flowing off her roof.
After coming back home,I was so scared of getting caught that I dared not go out that whole afternoon.I stayed at home,glancing at my front yard nervously from time to time,feeling that lady would knock at our door at any time.But until I went to bed,what I was afraid didn’t happen.Lying in bed,I wondered whether she didn’t discover the broken window or she didn’t discover who had done it That was a sleepless night.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
The next morning,I delivered the paper to her as usual.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After three weeks,I earned seven dollars and put them in an envelope.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
分层跟踪检测(三)Developing ideas & Writing
Ⅰ.1.crammed 2.leaned 3.despaired 4.outstretched 5.vexed 6.absurd 7.transparent
Ⅱ.1.purity 2.instinctively 3.luxurious 4.symbolic
5.magical 6.reluctance
Ⅲ.1.Although offered 2.The first time I ate Chinese food
3.so miserable as to arouse 4.causing severe flooding in that country 5.burst into laughter/burst out laughing
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明工作场所气氛不友好会对员工心理健康有害。
1.D 词义猜测题。根据第二段“People who work in unfriendly environments...times more likely to suffer from depression,says a research.”可知,wretched与suffer from depression意义上相关联。由此推断,画线单词“wretched”意思是“不舒服的”。故选D项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The study shows that companies that fail to reward or...workers are placing their employees at a much greater risk of depression.”可知,员工未能因努力工作而获得奖励会抑郁。故选A项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore,it is important that companies or organizations provide the employees with a homely and happy working atmosphere.”可知,在Serge Behrens看来,员工的工作环境应该得到改善。故选B项。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore,it is important that companies or organizations provide the employees with a homely and happy working atmosphere.”并结合全文理解可知,本文作者写这篇文章主要是给老板们看的,希望老板们能关心员工的心理健康。故选C项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们通过研究发现一个人走路越慢,他的大脑就越迟钝,而且生活方式的选择影响到了人们健康和认知的差异。
5.B 推理判断题。由第一段可知,通过科学家们否认一个大家都认同的观点,引出文章的主题——走路慢不是高智商的象征,走路越慢,大脑能力越差。故选B项。
6.B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Based on a new series of experiments,they now believe the slower a person’s tendency to walk,the less able their brain.”可知,走得慢就意味着脑子转得也慢。故选B项。
7.C 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The researchers said some of the differences in health and cognition may be the result of lifestyle choices people have made.”可知,生活方式的选择影响到了人们健康和认知的差异。故选C项。
8.C 推理判断题。由第一段可知,作者以客观的方式对观点进行了陈述。故选C项。
Ⅴ.Preparing myself for college life
Hello, everyone! My college life is right around the corner and I’m getting ready for it.As for me,college life is a brand new experience.In order to get used to college life as soon as possible,I should prepare myself for that from now on.
To begin with,after entering college,I intend to set new goals in my studies and stick to them until I succeed.What’s more,since I am away from home,it is necessary for me to learn to live independently.Without doubt,I should do laundry and clean-up all by myself.Besides,in my spare time,I will take part in a diversity of activities,such as going to the English Corner to practice my spoken English.In addition,getting along with my classmates and teachers at college is another challenge for me,but for sure I’ll make it.
I have a strong belief that my college life will be wonderful.
That’s all.Thank you!
Ⅵ.The next morning,I delivered the paper to her as usual.On the way to her home,so nervous was I that I could feel my heart pounding in my chest.But to my surprise,I saw the broken glass had been repaired and she didn’t mention it.When I handed her the paper,she still greeted me and gave me some cookies as usual.Holding these cookies in my hand,a feeling of guilt swept over me and I determined that I would save my paper delivery money to make up for the broken window.
After three weeks,I earned seven dollars and put them in an envelope. I secretly put it through the letter box in her door.After doing this,I suddenly felt in relief.The next day,I handed the old lady her paper and thanked her for the bag of cookies.When I opened the bag,I was stunned.Inside were the seven dollars and a short note that said,“I’m proud of you.” She knew it was me.But instead of blaming and punishing me,she chose to forgive me.Even so many years later,she is still deeply engraved in my mind,who taught me a valuable lesson in my life.
