(共35张PPT)
Unit 5 Into the unknown
Section C Developing ideas & Writing
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Read for the main idea
Read the text quickly and find out the main idea of the text.
Human’s exploration deep into the sea.
Activity 2 Skim for the main structure
How does the author prove his statements in the text
By giving examples and listing figures.
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer
1.What caused the ancient Roman city of Neapolis to be buried underwater
A.A tsunami.
B.The earthquake ruins.
C.Extreme cold climate.
D.The war.
答案 A
2.According to the biological discoveries,which of the following is RIGHT
A.Most of the planet’s fish live deep into the ocean.
B.Creatures can’t live without light.
C.Bone-white coral grows fast below the ocean’s surface.
D.There is no life around the deep-sea volcanic openings.
答案 A
3.Which of the achievements makes China one of the world’s top ocean explorers
A.The discovery of “fire ice”.
B.The discovery of the ruins of Neápolis.
C.The discovery of the Esmeralda.
D.China’s vessel,Jiaolong,holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine.
答案 D
4.What’s the author’s attitude towards ocean exploration
A.Unfavourable.
B.Negative.
C.Too challenging.
D.Supportive.
答案 D
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Are you interested in ocean exploration
2.Do you know some famous ocean exploration
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the meaning of biological discoveries.
2.Read the passage carefully and find out the sentence describing the meaning of the research of China’s underwater vessels.
These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed,as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling,taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new ear.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks,all of which represent 1. (attempt) over the centuries to explore Earth’s furthest corners.Given our 2. (limit) knowledge,it is no surprise 3. exploration of the oceans continues 4.__________ (lead) to discoveries in various scientific fields.Many archaeological finds
5. (make) in shallow waters near the coast.Besides,biological discoveries are also being made.Furthermore,the oceans are a 6.________ (value) source of natural resources,some of which are completely new to us.
attempts
limited
that
to lead
are made
valuable
However,7. (be) a tough environment of complete darkness, enormous pressure and intense cold,8. ocean depths have long been 9. the reach of human exploration.But through closer international scientific,economic and cultural cooperation,we
10. (become) part of a global mission to open up our planet’s final frontier.
being
the
beyond
are becoming
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.In these waters,more than 200 metres deep,where light cannot reach,are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.
引导定语从句
定语从句
表语从句
[尝试翻译]
在200多米以下,阳光照不到的深水水域里,住着一些看起来就像是刚从科幻小说中走出来的奇异的生物。
[尝试翻译]
2. The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed,as well as helping identify areas
for deep-sea drilling,taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.
后置定语
宾语从句
结果状语
借助这些潜水器所完成的研究有利于科学家进一步了解海床的形成过程,帮助确定深海钻探区域,将深海勘探带入一个崭新的时代。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. adv.此外;而且;不仅如此
2. n.物质
furthermore
substance
识记阅读词汇
1.shipwreck n.
2.coral n.
3.millimetre n.
4.barreleye n.
5.upwards adv.
6.trench n.
7.equivalent adj.
8.stack v.
9.notable adj.
10.vessel n.
失事的船;沉船
珊瑚
毫米
管眼鱼
向上,朝上
海沟
等同的;等值的;相当的
(使)整齐地堆起;摞起
显要的;显著的;值得注意的
船;舰
串记拓展词汇
1.archaeological adj.考古学的;考古的→ n.考古学
→ n.考古学家
2.drilling n.钻探;勘探→ v.钻孔,训练
archaeology
archaeologist
drill
重点短语
1. 起航
2. 按……速度;按……比率
3. 超出……的范围
4. 保持纪录
5.as with
6.be equivalent to
7.open up
set sail
at the rate of
beyond the reach of
hold the record
正如;与……一样
等同于,相当于
开辟
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
millimetre n.毫米
【佳句背诵】He shaved a millimetre off the block.[过去经历]
他把木头削去一毫米。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.hold the record保持纪录
(1)keep the record=hold the record保持纪录
keep a record/keep records做记录
break the record打破纪录
set a record创纪录
on record有记录的;有记载的
(2)it is recorded that...据记载……
【佳句背诵】It is hoped that she holds the world record forever.[个人经历]
人们希望她永远保持世界纪录。
【名师点睛】
record既可作名词又可作动词。作名词时,重音在前,作动词时重音在后,可总结为“名前动后”。
record / rek d/ n. /rI k d/ v.
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①He planted a little apple tree and kept (record) of its growth every month.
②Last year was the warmest year record,with global temperature 0.68℃ above the average.
③据记载,中国人在西汉就已经发明了纸。
the Chinese already invented paper in Western Han Dynasty.
records
on
It is recorded that
2.beyond the reach of 够不着;力所不能及之处
(1)within one’s reach伸手可及,在某人力所能及的范围内
within reach触手可及的
out of one’s reach够不着;力所不能及之处
within the reach of在……所能及的范围内
(2)reach for伸手去拿
reach out to把手伸向
【佳句背诵】Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s reach.[家庭生活]
药应该放在孩子们够不到的地方。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作/一句多译
①When I study English,I like to put my dictionary my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary.
②The more new experience you reach for,the more you will learn and profit from your time at university.
③我伸手去摸她的脸,发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。
I ,which was as cold as the ice.
我真的很想帮助你,但我无能为力。
→④I really want to help you,but it’s .
→⑤I really want to help you,but it’s .
within
out
reached out to touch her face
out of my reach
beyond my reach
、
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
substance
A.n.物质 B.n.事实基础,根据
C.n.实质;主旨;要义 D.n.金钱;财务;资产
①There is no substance in any of these allegations.
②There’s absolutely no regulation of cigarettes to make sure that they don’t include poisonous substances.
③It’s questionable whether anything of substance has been achieved.
④He’s a man of substance.
B
A
C
D
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
stack
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. There were stacks of books on the bedside table and floor.
生义 v. They were busy stacking the shelves with goods.
一堆;一叠
摞起
、
重点句式——多维剖析
1.if条件状语从句的省略
【教材原句】Today,some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail,there is little—if any—land on our planet left unexplored.
如今,距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有500多年,我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地,如果有的话,已经少之又少了。
本句中if any是if条件状语从句的省略形式,表示“如果有的话”。常见的if条件状语从句的省略结构还有:
if so如果是这样的话
if not如果没有
if ever如果有过/发生过的话
if possible如果可能的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
【佳句背诵】Please help me to correct the spelling mistakes,if any,in my composition.[寻求帮助]
如果我作文中有拼写错误,请帮我改正。
【即学即练】用if短语填空/单句写作
①I may come tonight. ,I will try to manage tomorrow.
②Find a neighbor or someone else to help, .
③Therefore,I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting .
④如果是这样的话,请去教学楼二楼学生会办公室报名。
, at the Student Union office,which is on the second floor of the Teaching Building.
If not
if possible
if necessary
If so
please go to sign up
2.It is+过去分词+that...
【教材原句】It’s argued that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy...
有人认为北纬30度是一条巨大的自然能量线……
It is said that...据说……
It is thought that...人们认为……
It is believed that...人们相信……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is estimated that...据统计……,据估计……
【佳句背诵】It is believed that the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.[活动介绍]
人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式升级
①The tourist destination is thought (be) one of the most attractive places in China.
②The fire is reported (expand) at present,for the wind is quite strong.
③ is generally thought that reading is as much an art as it is a science.
④She is believed to (tell) a lie because her words don’t agree with her action.
⑤Tang Yin is thought to be one of the greatest artists in China.
→ Tang Yin is one of the greatest artists in China.
to be
to be being expanded
It
have told
It is thought that(共52张PPT)
Unit 5 Into the unknown
Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas
素养导航 明目标
语言
能力 必背
单词
重点
短语
bury ruin shrink furthermore substance civilisation abandon dismiss
investigation
correspond to apply...to... on top of fall into ruin make a getaway run for one’s life
check out steer clear of set out
throw oneself into think twice shrink from
set sail be equivalent to beyond the reach of
语言
能力
重点
句式 1.现在分词短语作结果状语
2.leave+宾语+宾语补足语
3.if 条件状语从句的省略 4.It is+过去分词+that...
核心
语法 复习名词性从句
主题
写作 写一篇有关未解之谜的文章
文化
意识 能够通过学习人类对未知世界未解之谜的探索精神和为之牺牲的精神,培养不断探究的思维品质和敢于求真的科学态度。
思维
品质 能够通过自主学习,了解科学探究的方法,并通过“问题——假设——证据”的模式,领会求真的方法。
学习
能力 能够运用各种学习策略,在自主学习、合作学习与探究式学习的过程中,结合单元提供的反思性和评价性问题不断监控、评价、反思和调整自己的学习内容和进程,激发英语学习的兴趣,提高分析问题和解决问题的能力,提高自己的理解力和表达能力,最终促进自身语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的综合提升。
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
目录索引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 Read for the main idea
Read the text quickly and find out the main idea of the text.
Some possible reasons why Maya civilisation fell down/collapsed.
Activity 2 Skim for the main structure
Para.1 The introduction to the topic
Para.2 The 1. of Maya civilisation
Para.3 The 2. of Maya civilisation
Paras.4-5 The 3. for the disappearance of Maya civilisation
Para.6 The mysteries of Maya civilisation remain
4. .
achievements
decline
reasons
to be solved
第二步精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer
1.What is the author’s purpose in starting the passage with the story about William Gadoury
A.To introduce Maya civilisation.
B.To amuse the readers.
C.To emphasize the importance of Maya civilisation.
D.To inform us of the location of the Maya city.
答案 A
2.Why was Maya calendar so accurate
A.Because it was very complicated.
B.Because the Maya took advantage of their understanding of mathematics and astronomy.
C.Because there were many characters in it.
D.Because the Maya had a writing system.
答案 B
3.What is the purpose of Europeans’ arrival in Central America
A.To save Maya people.
B.To learn something from Maya people.
C.To ask for wealth.
D.To destroy Maya civilisation.
答案 C
4.What is mostly to be blame for the decline of Maya civilisation according to paragraph 4
A.The Maya people themselves.
B.A natural disaster.
C.Conflicts between cities.
D.A deadly disease.
答案 A
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.What do you know about the mysteries of Maya
2.What other mysterious civilisation do you know
略
略
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences describing the writing system of the Maya people.
It contained more than 800 characters,with some signs representing animals, people and objects and others representing syllables.It was a writing system so complicated that,so far,no one has been able to interpret it completely.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing how the Maya people played a part in their downfall.
They had turned wetlands into fields for growing grains,and had dug huge canal systems.As their population expanded,yet more land was needed for agriculture and more trees for construction.By changing the landscape in this way,it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters.
第三步深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Maya civilisation has been a mystery since it 1.___________________ (rediscover) in the 19th century.The Maya built many splendid structures, among 2. the step pyramids are the most famous.3._________ puzzles people is how they built these structures with 4. (they) own hands.To people’s amazement,they applied their understanding of mathematics and astronomy to the Maya calendar,which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year.They also developed a real 5._____________ (write) system.It was so complicated that no one 6. (be) able to interpret it 7. (complete) so far.
was rediscovered
which
What
their
writing
has been
completely
Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.Some research seems
8. (indicate) that the Maya people themselves were to blame for the downfall while research also suggests that natural disasters may have led to the decline of it.Whatever the reasons,Maya civilisation left many 9. (mystery) for people to solve.Meanwhile the rise and fall of the civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past,present
10. future.
to indicate
mysteries
and
Activity 7 长难句分析
1.What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels,metal tools or even animal power.
主语从句
表语从句
[尝试翻译]
这些复杂的建筑最非同寻常的地方在于它们是如何在没使用轮子、金属工具甚至动物动力的情况下建造起来的。
2. Many scientists believe that these droughts were the main reason why Maya civilisation began to collapse at different rates in different places.
that引导宾语从句
定语从句
[尝试翻译]
许多科学家认为,这些旱灾就是玛雅文明在不同地区以不同速度开始衰落的主要原因。
Part 2 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇
1. v.将……埋在下面
2. n.残垣断壁,废墟
bury
ruin
1.intrigue v.
2.pyramid n.
3.astronomy n.
4.canal n.
5.tropical adj.
6.cyclone n.
7.megadrought n.
8.downfall n.
识记阅读词汇
(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣,引起……的好奇心
金字塔
天文学
运河
来自热带的;产于热带的
气旋;旋风
超级干旱
衰败
串记拓展词汇
1.civilisation n.文明(社会)→ v.使文明
2.abandon v.离弃,逃离→ adj.被放弃的,被遗弃的
3.dismiss v.拒绝考虑,否定→ n.解雇,开除;不予考虑
4.expansion n.扩大;增加→ v.扩张,使膨胀,展开
civilise
abandoned
dismissal
expand
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
-al结尾的名词:
dismiss+-al=dismissal
arrive+-al=arrival
approve+-al=approval
dispose+-al=disposal
重点短语
1. 相当于,与……相符
2. 把……应用到……上
3. 促成,导致
4. 衰落,败落
5. 处理,应付
6.on top of
7.more than
8.at one’s peak
9.all the more
10.a series of
correspond to
apply...to...
lead to
fall into ruin
deal with
除……之外
多于
处于顶峰
更加
一系列的
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.astronomy n.天文学
【佳句背诵】We are on the threshold of a new era in astronomy.[宇宙探索]
我们将迈入天文学的新时代。
2.expansion n.扩大;增加
【佳句背诵】The company intends a slow-down in expansion.[社会生活]
公司准备放慢扩展速度。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.correspond to和……相一致,相符合
(1)correspond v.相一致;符合;相当于;通信
correspond with sb和某人通信
(2)correspondence n.相符,一致;通信联系
in correspondence with与……一致;与……有通信联系
【佳句背诵】What she just said doesn’t correspond to the views of the majority.[观点态度]
她刚才说的话不符合大多数人的观点。
【名师点睛】
correspond无论作何意义均是不及物动词,若表示“与……一致或相称”,其后可接介词to或with;若表示“与……相当或相等”,其后只接介词to,不接with;若表示“与……通信”,其后只接with,不接to。
【即学即练】一词多义/单句填空/单句写作
①The doctor and Mr White corresponded for more than two decades.
②Communication is successful when the ideas in the minds of the speaker and hearer correspond.
③She still corresponds friends she met in Majorca nine years ago.
④In African languages there is a close (correspond) between sounds and letters.
v.通信
v.相一致
with
correspondence
⑤我国水资源利用长期受“取之不尽,用之不竭”的传统观念影响,因此水资源价格与其价值不一致。
Traditional opinion of“using forever” impacts the use of water resource in our country for a long time,so price of water resource_______________________ its value.
can not correspond with/to
2.bury v.将……埋在下面
(2)bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
【佳句背诵】The miners were buried alive when the tunnel collapsed.[社会生活]
矿坑坍塌时,矿工被活活埋在里面了。
【名师点睛】
表示“专心于;致力于”的短语还有:
be devoted to;be lost in;be engaged in;
be absorbed in;focus/concentrate on
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①Though (bury) in books these days,I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself.
②He sank into a chair, (bury) his face in his hands.
③She sat on the ground, (bury) in thought.
buried
burying
buried
他埋头看书,不知道外面正在下雨。
→④Because he a book,he didn’t know it was raining outside.(bury)
→⑤ ,he was not aware it was raining outside.(现在分词短语作状语)
→⑥ ,he was not aware it was raining outside.(过去分词短语作状语)
buried himself in/was buried in
Burying himself in a book
Buried in a book
3.apply...to...把……应用于……;把……涂/敷到……上
(1)apply v.申请;请求;应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)
apply to...涉及……;适用于……
apply (to...) for...(向……)申请……
apply oneself to集中精力于
(2)application n.申请;申请书;适用
(3)applicant n.申请人
【佳句背诵】I’m writing to apply for the job,thinking that I’m well qualified for it.[职位申请]
我写信申请这份工作,我认为我有资格胜任这份工作。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式升级
①She thought twice and decided to apply a job with the local newspaper.
② (apply) some medicine to the wound and then bandage it immediately.
If you apply yourself to your study,you will pass your exam.
→③ and you will pass your exam.(祈使句+and+...)
→④ ,you will pass your exam.(分词作状语)
for
Apply
Apply yourself to your study
Applying yourself to your study
4.ruin n.残垣断壁,废墟
(1)in ruins破败不堪;严重受损
fall/come into ruin成为废墟,被毁掉;衰落
(2)ruin one’s hope/chance毁掉某人的希望/机会
ruin oneself自我毁灭
【佳句背诵】Young people who are involved in violence would not only harm our society,but would also ruin their lives.[社会生活]
年轻人参与暴力不仅对我们的社会有害,也会毁了他们的生活。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①Ever since the earthquake,this temple has been abandoned and _______ ruins.
②Heavy smoking may ruin (you),so you should give it up as soon as possible.
③Entire villages have been washed away.Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops (ruin).
④Many ancient sculptures fell ruin after the earthquake.
in
yourself/yourselves
ruined
into
⑤我能听到人们的叫喊声,他们在喊困在学校废墟中的那些人。
I could hear voices of people calling out to those
.
trapped in the ruins of the school
5.abandon v.离弃,逃离
(1)abandon doing sth放弃做某事
abandon oneself to沉溺于……,纵情于……(to为介词)
(2)with abandon无约束地,放任地
(3)abandoned adj.被遗弃的;被抛弃的;废弃的
be abandoned to沉湎于……
【佳句背诵】And remember:health is wealth.One cannot abandon any kind of sport.[健康生活]
记住:健康就是财富。一个人不能放弃任何一种运动。
【名师点睛】
abandon oneself to中的to为介词,后面接名词或动词-ing形式。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①To our shock,Jimmy is addicted to smoking,living with three other
(abandon) boys in an old house.
②They abandoned (carry) out the plan because of the bad weather.
③The children got excited and enjoyed themselves abandon at the party,forgetting the time.
④感到沮丧,我发现自己沉溺于玩电脑游戏。
,I found myself playing computer games.
abandoned
carrying
with
Feeling frustrated
abandoning myself to
6.dismiss v.拒绝考虑,否定
(1)dismiss sb/sth(as sth)对某人或某物不予理会或不屑一提
dismiss sb from把某人从……解雇
dismiss sb for因……解雇某人
(2)dismissal n.解雇,开除;不予考虑
【佳句背诵】Just dismiss those thoughts from your mind—they’re crazy and not worth thinking about.[观点态度]
别去管那些想法了——那些想法太离谱,不值得考虑。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①“It’s been a lovely day,”she said, (dismiss) the bad old days.
②He dismissed the opinion polls worthless.
③他因无法胜任工作而被解雇。
He incompetence.
dismissing
as
has been dismissed from his job for
、
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
1.civilisation
A.n.文明(社会) B.n.文明,文明的生活
C.n.文明地区
①It’s good to get back to civilisation after living in a tent for two weeks!
②The civilisation of mankind has taken thousands of years.
③I’m very interested in the civilisations of ancient Egypt and Babylon.
C
A
B
2.canal
A.n.运河 B.n.(人体内输送食物、空气等的)管,道
①The Suez Canal joins the Mediterranean and the Red Sea.
②The medicine delays the food’s progress through the alimentary canal.
A
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.bury
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. He was buried in Highgate Cemetery.
生义 v. She buried her face in her hands and began to sob.
2.dismiss
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. I think we can safely dismiss their objections.
生义 v. Dismissing her fears,she climbed higher.
埋葬,安葬
掩盖,遮盖
拒绝考虑
去除,消除
、
重点句式——多维剖析
1.现在分词短语作结果状语
【教材原句】Its once-great cities fell into ruin,leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.
曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟,留下各种谜团等待后人解开。
(1)leaving various mysteries for later people to solve是现在分词短语作结果状语,表示由前面的事情引起的一种自然而然的结果。
(2)动词不定式也可以作结果状语,但多表示出乎意料的结果,有时前面加上only以加强语气。
【佳句背诵】China enjoys a long history and rich culture,making it an attraction for those who are keen on anything about China.[历史文化]
中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化,因此对那些对中国感兴趣的人来说,它是一个吸引人的地方。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式升级
①His parents both went to work abroad, (leave) the toddler living with his grandparents.
②A terrible earthquake hit my home town yesterday, (cause) great damage.
③He picked up a stone,only (have) it dropped on his own foot.
④He hurried to the airport,only (tell) that the plane had taken off.
⑤An earthquake hit the area,and caused a great loss.
→An earthquake hit the area, .(现在分词作结果状语)
leaving
causing
to have
to be told
causing a great loss
2.leave+宾语+宾语补足语
【教材原句】Meanwhile,the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past,present and future.
同时,玛雅文明的崛起和衰落必定也让我们思考自己的过去、现在与未来。
(1)leave+宾语+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语
(2)leave+宾语+分词
(3)leave+宾语+不定式
(4)leave+宾语+where引导的地点状语从句
(5)leave+宾语+as引导的方式状语从句
【佳句背诵】He got up late and hurried to his office,leaving the breakfast untouched.[个人经历]
他起晚了,匆匆赶到办公室,早餐也没动。
【即学即练】单句填空/句式升级
①Last month the flood in the east was a real disaster,leaving 19 people
(die) and 78 (miss).
②Don’t leave the water (run) when you brush your teeth.
③Leave your kids they are and they will grow in a healthy way.
④I often think about what exists in their painting works.
→What exists in their painting works often .
⑤Because of the bad weather,the project was half finished.
→The bad weather .
dead
missing
running
as
leaves me lost in thought
left the project half finished(共29张PPT)
Unit 5 Into the unknown
Section B Using language
Part 1 Language points
Part 2 Grammar
目录索引
Part 1 Language points
基础落实 必备知识全过关
重点单词
必记写作词汇
v.退缩,畏缩
1.getaway n.
2.retreat v.
3.subdue v.
4.uncharted adj.
5.delve v.
识记阅读词汇
shrink
逃跑,逃走
后退;离开;退避
克制,抑制(情绪)
地图上没有标明的
探索,探究
串记拓展词汇
investigation n.调查→ v.调查
investigate
重点短语
1. 调查,检查
2. 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
3. 积极投入到……中去
4. 再三考虑,慎重考虑
5. 调查(问题)
6.make a getaway
7.run for one’s life
8.test the waters
9.steer clear of
10.shrink from
check out
set out
throw oneself into
think twice
look into
逃跑,逃走
逃命
试水,试探
避开……;从……处脱身
避免做,不愿做
要点探究 能力素养全提升
、
基础词汇——语境记忆
1.check out 调查,检查
【佳句背诵】I need to check out the details of the contract before signing it.[社会生活]
签署合同之前,我需要仔细检查合同的细节。
2.think twice 再三考虑,慎重考虑
【佳句背诵】You should think twice about employing someone you’ve never met.[观点态度]
雇用素不相识的人应三思而行。
3.look into 调查(问题)
【佳句背诵】The police promised to look into the matter.[社会生活]
警方承诺会调查此事。
4.investigation n.调查
【佳句背诵】She is still under investigation.[社会生活]
她仍在接受调查。
.、
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.set out动身,出发
set about (doing sth)开始;着手(做某事)
set aside将……放在一边;省出或留出(钱或时间)
set up创建;建立;开办
set down写下,记下
set off点燃;使……爆炸;出发,动身;引起
【佳句背诵】At 8 am,we gathered at the gate of the school.The headmaster saw us off and then we set out for Daqing Mountain.[校园生活]
上午八点,我们在学校门口集合。校长给我们送行,然后我们朝着大青山出发。
【即学即练】单句填空/一句多译
①The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find)the well-known painter.
②Since the new stadium was set ,we have held a wide range of sports events.
③I try to set a few minutes each day to help my mother do the housework,though I am very busy.
有这些你收集的信息,你可以着手准备你的商业计划了。
→④Armed with the information you have gathered,you can .(set about)
→⑤Armed with the information you have gathered,you can .(set out)
to find
up
aside
set about preparing your business plan
set out to prepare your business plan
2.throw oneself into积极投入到……中去
throw away抛弃;扔掉
throw off脱去;摆脱
throw up抛起;呕吐
throw out抛出;扔出去
【佳句背诵】If you throw yourself into the job,you’ll finish it by this evening.[个人生活]
如果你全身心地投入到这项工作中,今晚你就会完成它的。
【即学即练】单句填空/单句写作
①She threw all the medicine she had just taken.
②We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them .
③他狂吼一声,向前猛冲,纵身跳进水中。
With a terrible howl,he leapt forward and .
up
away
threw himself into the water
Part 2 Grammar
语法冲关 语言规则全理清
情景导入
名词性从句
阅读下面短文,注意文中黑体词的句法功能。
What① worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is that② she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.She has some doubt whether③ she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also,with the College Entrance Examination approaching,she becomes more stressful and she can’t sleep well these days.Maybe this is why④ she becomes fatter these days,she thinks.How⑤ she can become slimmer and healthier has been her main task.So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.But where she could get
better suggestions and who⑥ will give her better advice also puzzle her.It is her parents’ suggestion that⑦ she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital.Professor Wang suggests that⑧ she keep a balanced diet first.She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber,vitamin and protein.What’s more,if she wants to lose weight,she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang when⑨ she should take exercise.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.That is because⑩ she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Professor Wang that Mary has become much healthier now.
【语法感悟】
①⑤⑥为 从句。
②④⑩为 从句。
⑧⑨为 从句。
③⑦为 从句。
①⑥为连接代词,可以在从句中作 。
④⑤⑨为连接副词,在从句中作 。
②③⑦⑧为连接词,在从句中不作句子成分,that没有任何意义,whether有“ ”之意。
主语
表语
宾语
同位语
主语和宾语
状语
是否
语法精讲
一、名词性从句的概述
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句,包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
二、引导名词性从句的引导词
连接词:that,whether,if
连接代词:what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever
连接副词:how,why,when,where,however,whenever,wherever
三、名词性从句的基本用法
1.连接词that,whether和if的用法
(1)连接词that的用法
that引导名词性从句不作任何成分,没有任何意义,只起连接作用。
It is required that the theme should be about nature.(主语从句,不缺成分和语义)
要求主题应该是关于自然的。
I followed his advice that I should enrich myself by doing things like reading and writing.(同位语从句,不缺成分和语义)
我听从了他的建议,我应该通过做像阅读和写作这样的事情来充实自己。
【名师点睛】
that引导及物动词后的宾语从句时,可以省略。
(2)连接词whether与if的用法
whether和if引导名词性从句在句中不充当句子成分,含有“是否”之意。
当it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面时用whether或if引导均可,在及物动词后面的宾语从句可用whether和if,其他情况只用whether,不用if。
Shennong walked in the field and tasted various kinds of plants to see whether/if they could be used as food or medicine.
神农走在田野里,尝了各种植物的味道,看它们是否可以食用或药用。
Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.
是否要开会仍然是个问题。
2.连接代词的用法
从句中缺少主语或宾语时,选择以下连接代词:what(ever),which(ever),who(ever),whom(ever)。通常情况下,which是在语境中提供了范围才会使用,否则,指事物时使用what(ever)。
While studying,fix your mind on what is really important,or you will end up remembering nothing.(宾语从句,what在从句中作主语)
学习的时候,把注意力集中在真正重要的事情上,否则你就会什么都记不住。
The employers often give the job to whoever they believe has work experience with a strong sense of duty.(宾语从句,whoever在从句中作主语)
雇主们经常会把工作给他们认为有工作经验并且有强烈责任感的人。
Whichever team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.(主语从句,whichever在从句中作定语)
无论哪个队在星期六获胜,都将进入全国锦标赛。
3.连接副词的用法
从句中不缺少主语或宾语,而是缺少状语,此时则用when,where,why,how等带有语义的连接副词。
It can be especially difficult to know where the line is when it comes to the Internet.(宾语从句,where在从句中作状语)
当涉及互联网时,要知道界限在哪里可能尤其困难。
【名师点睛】
单个的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。
Where and when he was born has not been found.
他出生的地点和时间还没有找到。
When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown.
这个人什么时候被谋杀,为什么被谋杀,现在还不清楚。
4.as if/though和because引导的表语从句
It seems as if/though the noise comes from downstairs.
噪声似乎是从楼下传过来的。
四、名词性从句的疑难点
1.that与what引导名词性从句的区别
that在从句中不充当句子成分,也没有含义;what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语,意思是“什么,什么……的事情,什么样的”。
Our teacher made a request that we(should) be well prepared for the exam.
老师要求我们为考试做好充分准备。
We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions.
我们必须写一篇论文,内容是我们打算如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到未来的职业中。
2.wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别
连接词what,which,who分别表示“……的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”,表示疑问含义;而whatever,whichever,whoever分别相当于anything that,any...that,anyone who,意为“无论……”,强调一切情况。试比较:
What you choose to wear should be clean.
你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。
Whatever you choose to wear should be clean.
无论你选择穿什么,你的衣服应该是干净的。
3.表示“要求,建议,命令,坚持”的词后跟名词性从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“should+do”,其中should可以省略。
The teacher made a suggestion that she (should) apologise to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
老师建议她为自己的不良行为向同桌道歉。
The game is so significant that it is required that everyone (should) present themselves punctually.
这场比赛意义重大,要求每个人都要准时到场。
4.宾语从句的时态
(1)主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时,从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。
He says that he studies at school from Monday to Friday.
他说他从周一至周五都在学校学习。
I know that she didn’t tell you that she would go to America next month.
我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。
(2)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时。
The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon.
那个男孩说周日下午没有课。
My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in.
我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。
(3)如果从句表示客观事实或真理,不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态,从句都要用一般现在时。
As a child,I was told that the moon has no light of its own.I didn’t believe it.
孩提时,人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光,我不相信。
【即学即练】用适当的连词填空
1. he wants to go there is obvious.
2.This is we want to know.
3. we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
4.After ten years,she changed a lot and looked different from she used to be.
5.They are teachers and don’t realize it takes to start and run a company.
That
what
Whether
what
what
