2024年高考英语第三次模拟考试
高三英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sports are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school athletes. So, I shouldn’t have been 1 when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Down syndrome(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never told Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled.
“I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran to meet me when I came in from work. She flew into my arms and lingered long in my embrace. “That’s 3 , honey,” I patted her shoulder and walked into the kitchen. My wife spoke slowly, her tone steady. “What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.” Her words 4 in. Everything that could happen flashed through my mind. But what could we do
Mid-November, the season’s first basketball game arrived. It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 followed the movement on the court and reacted to every shot. Even though she wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life.
Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game! She 6 the others fairly well. From her agile movement and eager expression, I knew she was desperate to score for her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She shot. She scored! A few minutes later, Lauren joined us in the stands. “Did you see I scored! I made a 8 !”
For sixteen years, I’d tried hard to 9 Lauren from feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally, but 10 .
1．A．disappointed B．surprised C．depressed D．embarrassed
2．A．normal B．ordinary C．different D．typical
3．A．awful B．strange C．hard D．nice
4．A．sank B．poured C．came D．kicked
5．A．frequently B．carelessly C．attentively D．repeatedly
6．A．kept pace with B．gave way to C．put up with D．broke away from
7．A．threw B．missed C．cast D．caught
8．A．mistake B．record C．mess D．basket
9．A．excuse B．shelter C．discourage D．prohibit
10．A．consciously B．spiritually C．literally D．socially
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女孩劳伦，她有唐氏综合症，但是她的父母一直以来都没有告诉她这个事实，并且对她和其他孩子一样对待。Laure表现出对篮球的兴趣，并加入了女子篮球队。在一场比赛中，虽然她被叫上场的时间很短，但她成功地投篮得分，这让她感到非常自豪。通过这次比赛，父亲意识到劳伦的不同之处不仅仅是身体和情感上的，而是她对生活的态度。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A. disappointed沮丧的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“But I was, because she has Down syndrome”可知，对于正常的孩子来说参加篮球队是不应该感到惊讶的，但因为劳伦有唐氏综合征，她要参加篮球队这是让作者惊讶的。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同。A. normal正常的；B. ordinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. typical典型的。根据“We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled.”可知，作者和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同，作者对待她与对待其他的孩子是一样的。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了，亲爱的。A. awful糟糕的；B. strange奇怪的；C. hard困难的；D. nice愉快的。根据““I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.””可知，劳伦告诉作者其要参加篮球队，作为父亲，作者表示赞同。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话被理解了。A. sank沉入，被理解；B. poured倾倒；C. came来到；D. kicked踢。根据““What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.””可知，作者理解了劳伦的话即劳伦想说的是她要加入女子高中篮球队。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. frequently经常地；B. carelessly不小心地；C. attentively注意地；D. repeatedly反复的。根据“reacted to every shot”可知，劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选C。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。A. kept pace with跟上；B. gave way to让位给；C. put up with忍受；D. broke away from逃离。根据“the others fairly well”可知，她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了球。A. threw投掷；B. missed错过；C. cast投掷；D. caught抓住。根据“Then they passed Lauren the ball.”可知，队友们把球传给了劳伦，劳伦接住了球即抓住了球。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我投进球了！A. mistake错误；B. record记录；C. mess混乱；D. basket投篮得分。根据“I scored!”可知，劳伦进球了。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。A. excuse借口；B. shelter提供保护；C. discourage使泄气；D. prohibit禁止。根据“from feeling like she was different”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。故选B。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着比赛中的劳伦，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。A. consciously有意识地；B. spiritually精神上地；C. literally文字地；D. socially社交地。根据“not physically or emotionally”可知，看着比赛中的劳伦，作者发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Speaking of map apps, some users have found that they are useful for more than just 11 (find) one's way. One man, San Francisco's Lenny Maughan, uses them to make works of art.
Lenny runs everywhere he can. 12 he goes, he tracks his progress by using an app, such as Map MyRun or Strava. As he runs, the app traces a line along the path he follows. So, to make his runs more fun, Lenny decided to run 13 patterns that would create amazing images. To date, he has shared runs that have turned into images of a heart, a portrait of artist Frida Kahlo, and more.
【答案】11．finding 12．Wherever 13．in
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过描述Lenny Maughan使用地图应用来制作艺术品的事例来说明很多用户发现地图应用并不只是可以用来导航。
11．考查动名词。句意：说到地图应用，一些用户发现它们的用途不仅仅是找路。在介词than后应用动名词作宾语。故填finding。
12．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论他走到哪里，他都会使用Map MyRun或Strava等应用程序来跟踪自己的进展。根据“he tracks his progress”可知，此处是指“无论他走到哪里”。所以应用wherever引导让步状语从句。故填Wherever。
13．考查介词。句意：所以，为了让他的跑步更有趣，莱尼决定用能创造惊人图像的模式跑步。表示“以某种模式”应用介词in。故填in。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning as northern China 14 (hit) by the largest sandstorm of the decade.
Air pollution readings rose to the upper limit of 500 at 8 a.m., according to data from the city's environmental monitory center, as visibility was reduced to 15 (little) than 1,000 meters in parts of the city.
The city's weather bureau advised residents to stay indoors as much as possible, while experts are working to find out 16 the sandstorm came into being.
【答案】14．was hit/had been hit/was being hit 15．less 16．how/why
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国北方遭遇的一场十年来最大的沙尘暴。
14．考查时态和语态。句意：周日早上，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，中国北方遭遇了（正在遭遇）十年来最大的沙尘暴。此处缺乏谓语，动词hit意为“袭击”，和主语northern China构成被动关系，主语是单数，谓语也用单数形式。根据“Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning”可知，此处是讲过去的事，可以用一般过去时的被动语态；也可以表示中国北方先遭遇了沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，即“过去的过去”，这样应使用过去完成时的被动语态；还可以表示中国北方正在遭遇沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，这样应使用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was hit/had been hit/was being hit。
15．考查比较级。句意：北京市环境监测中心的数据显示，上午8点，空气污染指数升至500的上限，部分地区能见度降至不到1000米。根据than可知，此处应用比较级。故填less。
16．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：北京市气象局建议居民尽量待在室内，同时专家们正在调查沙尘暴是如何（为何）形成的。介词out后接宾语从句，根据“experts are working to find out”可知，此处是指调查沙尘暴是如何形成的或为何形成的，所以应用how或why引导宾语从句。故填how/why。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处的括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In 2016, I unpacked my luggage at a newly constructed New York hotel only to realize that I 17 (forget) my toothpaste. I called room service, and an 18 (energy) voice responded, "Someone will bring it right up." Two minutes later, I opened my door only to discover an object resembling a trash can on wheels, 19 (equip) with a lid, a large button and a small digital screen. I cautiously pushed the button and the lid opened, revealing a toothpaste tube. The digital display flashed "Thank you". The robotic visitor then turned around and rolled away. Before it disappeared, I snapped a photo, sending it to a friend, 20 later responded, "Wow, so cool!"
【答案】17．had forgotten 18．energetic 19．equipped 20．who
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者入住一家酒店打开行李时发现自己忘了带牙膏，于是客房服务派了一个机器人来为作者送牙膏。作者觉得这很酷。
17．考查过去完成时。句意：2016年，我在纽约一家新建的酒店打开行李，才发现自己忘了带牙膏。忘记带牙膏发生在纽约一家新建的酒店打开行李之前，所以应用过去完成时。故填had forgotten。
18．考查形容词。句意：我叫了客房服务，一个充满活力的声音回应了我……修饰名词voice应用形容词。故填energetic。
19．考查过去分词。句意：两分钟后，我打开门，却发现一个类似有轮子的垃圾桶的东西，有盖子、一个大按钮和一个小数字屏幕。be equipped with意为“配备有……”，为固定搭配，所以应用过去分词作状语。故填equipped。
20．考查定语从句。句意：在它消失之前，我拍了一张照片，发给了一个朋友，他后来回复说：“哇，太酷了！”非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为a friend，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four unique European music traditions that are protected by UNESCO
Inuit drum dancing, Greenland
In 2021, UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) recognised Greenland’s Inuit drum dancing and singing as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity. The drum dance typical of the tradition can be performed by one dancer alone or accompanied by a group of people singing songs about love, humour and hunting.
Uilleann piping, Ireland
Uilleann piping was included in the UNESCO’s list in 2017. It involves playing Irish music on a particular type of bagpipe (风笛) known as the “uilleann”. It is a highly developed and complex instrument, with some functions that cannot be found elsewhere. It often accompanies music played at weddings and parties, and it’s been passed on through several generations of Irish musicians.
Kaustinen folk music, Finland
In 2019, UNESCO added to its list Finland’s Kaustinen folk music, a tradition where the violin, with or without accompanying instruments, is played by ear. The style is characterised by rhythms or accents that make it easy to dance to. The 250-year-old tradition is played during wedding parties, public concerts and at music festivals in the small village of Kaustinen.
Fado, Portugal
Fado music, which originated in Portugal in the early 19th century, is now a symbol of Portuguese culture and tradition. It combines poetry and music to create a sometimes sorrowful, and always passionate melody, usually performed by a solo singer accompanied by guitars. It was included in the UNESCO’s list in2011.
21．What is a feature of the uilleann
A．It is easy to play. B．It is played by ear.
C．It is highly developed. D．Its functions are common.
22．Which of the following was added to the UNESCO’s list earliest
A．Fado. B．Uilleann piping. C．Inuit drum dancing. D．Kaustinen folk music.
23．Where is this text most likely from
A．An instrument ad. B．A culture website.
C．A history textbook. D．A music festival poster.
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了受联合国教科文组织保护的四个独特的欧洲音乐传统。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is a highly developed and complex instrument, with some functions that cannot be found elsewhere.(它是一种高度发达和复杂的仪器，具有其他地方找不到的一些功能)”可知，乌利安的特点是高度发达。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2021, UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) recognised Greenland’s Inuit drum dancing and singing as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity.(2021年，联合国教科文组织（联合国教育、科学及文化组织）承认格陵兰岛因纽特人的鼓乐舞蹈和歌唱为人类非物质文化遗产)”；第二段“Uilleann piping was included in the UNESCO’s list in 2017. (2017年，乌利安风笛被列入联合国教科文组织名录)”；第三段“In 2019, UNESCO added to its list Finland’s Kaustinen folk music, a tradition where the violin, with or without accompanying instruments, is played by ear.(2019年，联合国教科文组织将芬兰的考斯蒂宁民间音乐列入其名录，这是一种传统，小提琴在有或没有伴奏乐器的情况下，都是用耳朵演奏的)”以及最后一段“It was included in the UNESCO’s list in2011.(2011年，它被列入联合国教科文组织的名单)”可知，Fado最早被列入联合国教科文组织的名单。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据标题“Four unique European music traditions that are protected by UNESCO(受联合国教科文组织保护的四个独特的欧洲音乐传统)”结合文章主要介绍了四个非物质文化遗产。可推知，文章可能选自文化网站。故选B。
B
As an ordinary man, I have a special habit to confess. Whenever I walk down the street, I offer to pour a bottle of water from the nearby river into the dirt of a street tree. It’s just my personal habit, and I think it doesn’t make a difference, but I’d like to do it. I mention this in light of a campaign launched by the Arboricultural Association to call on the public to water new street trees.
The UK government has committed to planting millions of trees to help meet climate targets and aims to increase tree cover from 14.5% to 16.5% by 2050. However, as John Parker, chief executive of the Arboricultural Association, says, “Planting a tree is just the start of the story. The health and survival of new urban trees is threatened by increasingly dry weather. It is recommended that the newly planted trees be given about 50 litres of water per week for the first three years.” While in rural settings, the newly planted trees and woods can take care of themselves and adapt, the challenging conditions mean trees in the urban areas need a bit more care.
Long ago, I assumed that the good of street trees was to soften the hard edges of urban environments. But, what an underestimation of tree power that was! A study from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities illustrates they can provide inspiration or a calming atmosphere in an otherwise crowded city. Trees are responsible for easing urban heat island effects and air and pollutant filtration. And I think they provide the habitat for wildlife, especially birds.
Trees can’t run away. Unfortunately for them and fortunately for urban residents, city trees are stuck with us. If we want to continue enjoying all the good they do, we should try to understand their needs and do all that we can to support them. A bottle of water won’t do much, but next time you all together have a bucket of water to pour, you know what big effect will happen.
24．What does the author think of his personal habit
A．It is of little effect. B．It is enforced.
C．It is of much significance. D．It is common.
25．What does John Parker say about urban trees
A．They have started to be watered regularly.
B．More work needs to be done for their living.
C．They are threatened by the increasing flood.
D．The newly planted ones can’t look after themselves.
26．What can we learn about street trees from paragraph 3
A．Their usage is overrated.
B．Their value is thought highly of by the public.
C．They benefit residents physically and mentally.
D．They can thoroughly solve environmental problems.
27．What can be concluded from the last paragraph
A．When in need, ask for it. B．Tall trees catch much wind.
C．Many hands make light work. D．Misfortunes seldom come alone.
【答案】24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者给人行道树浇水的故事及其引发的感悟。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s just my personal habit, and I think it doesn’t make a difference, but I’d like to do it.(这只是我个人的习惯，我认为这不起什么作用，但我愿意这样做。)”可知，作者认为给行道树浇水只是他的个人习惯，作用不大，故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段John Parker 所说的话“Planting a tree is just the start of the story. The health and survival of new urban trees is threatened by increasingly dry weather. It is recommended that the newly planted trees be given about 50 litres of water per week for the first three years.(植树只是故事的开始。日益干燥的天气威胁着城市新树木的健康和生存。建议新栽树前三年每周浇水约50升)”可推知，他认为树只是开始，城市树木若要健康地存活下来，还需要更多的照顾，故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A study from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities illustrates they can provide inspiration or a calming atmosphere in an otherwise crowded city. Trees are responsible for easing urban heat island effects and air and pollutant filtration.(明尼苏达大学双城分校的一项研究表明，它们可以在拥挤的城市中提供灵感或平静的氛围。树木负责缓解城市热岛效应以及空气和污染物过滤)”可知，行道树有益于城市居民的身心健康，故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A bottle of water won’t do much, but next time you all together have a bucket of water to pour, you know what big effect will happen.(一瓶水起不了多大作用，但下次大家一起倒一桶水时，你就知道会发生什么大作用了)”可知，作者告诉我们“众人拾柴火焰高”的道理，并通过自己的亲身经历来呼吁大家一起浇灌行道树，发挥众人的力量，即“人多力量大”，故选C。
C
A baby born today will be thirty-something in 2050.If all goes well, that baby will still be around in 2100, and might even be an active citizen of the 22 century. What should we teach that baby to help them survive and flourish in the world of 2050 and beyond What kind of skills will they need in order to get a job, understand what is happening around them, and navigate their tough life
At present, too many schools across the world focus on providing pupils with a set of predetermined skills, such as writing computer code in C++ and conversing in Chinese. Yet since we have no idea how the world and the job market will look in 2050, we don’t really know what particular skills people will need. We might invest a lot of effort in teaching kids how to write in C++ or to speak Chinese, only to discover sooner or later that AI will have been able to code software far better than humans, and that a new translation app will have enabled you to conduct a conversation in almost flawless Mandarin, Cantonese or Hakka, even though you only know how to say ni hao.
So what should we be teaching Many experts argue that schools should downplay technical skills and emphasize general-purpose life skills: the ability to deal with change, to learn new things, and to preserve your mental balance in unfamiliar situations. In order to keep up with the world of 2050, you will above all need to reinvent yourself again and again.
To succeed in such a demanding task, you will need to work very hard on getting to know your operating system better-to know what you are and what you want from life. This is, of course, the oldest advice in the book: know thyself. This advice was never more urgent than in the mid-21st century, because unlike in the days of Laozi or Socrates, now you have serious competition. Coca-Cola, Amazon and Facebook are all racing to hack you.
Right now, the algorithms are watching where you go, what you buy, and who you meet. Soon they will monitor all your steps, breaths and heartbeats. They are relying on big data and machine learning to get to know you better and better. And once these algorithms know you better than you know yourself, they could control and manipulate you. In the end, authority will shift to them.
Of course, you might be perfectly happy giving up all authority to the algorithms and trusting them to make decisions for you and for the rest of the world. If, however, you want to maintain some control over your personal existence and over the future of life in general, you have to run faster than the algorithms. To run fast, don’t take much luggage with you. Leave all your illusions behind. They are very heavy.
28．According to the article, ______ plays a vital role in children’s bright future.
A．imagination B．adaptability
C．self-discipline D．a good sense of balance
29．It’s important to know our operating system because ______.
A．algorithms will hack all our devices if we do not know it.
B．it is an essential skill for us to succeed in the world of 2050.
C．we need to learn how algorithms work and make full use of them.
D．we need to outrun algorithms to keep some control over our life.
30．The article mainly talks about ______.
A．the importance of knowing yourself B．the threats and dangers of technology
C．what skills we might need in the future D．benefits of algorithms to humankind
【答案】28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章就现在出生的婴儿应该赋予他们什么样的技能才能在未来找到工作和生存进行了讨论。
28． 细节理解题。根据第三段“Many experts argue that schools should downplay technical skills and emphasize general-purpose life skills: the ability to deal with change, to learn new things, and to preserve your mental balance in unfamiliar situations. In order to keep up with the world of 2050, you will above all need to reinvent yourself again and again. (许多专家认为，学校应该淡化技术技能，强调通用的生活技能：应对变化的能力，学习新事物的能力，以及在不熟悉的情况下保持心理平衡的能力。为了跟上2050年的世界，你首先需要一次又一次地改造自己。)”可知，对孩子们的美好未来起着至关重要作用的是有通用的生活技能、能在不熟悉的情况下保持心理平衡、善于学习新事物，即要有一定的适应力。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“To succeed in such a demanding task, you will need to work very hard on getting to know your operating system better-to know what you are and what you want from life. This is, of course, the oldest advice in the book: know thyself. This advice was never more urgent than in the mid-21st century, because unlike in the days of Laozi or Socrates, now you have serious competition. Coca-Cola, Amazon and Facebook are all racing to hack you.(要成功完成这样一项要求很高的任务，你需要非常努力地去更好地了解你的操作系统——了解你是什么，你想从生活中得到什么。当然，这是书中最古老的忠告：认识你自己。这一建议在21世纪中期从未如此紧迫，因为与老子或苏格拉底时代不同，现在你面临着激烈的竞争。可口可乐、亚马逊和脸书都在争相黑你。)”，倒数第二段“Right now, the algorithms are watching where you go, what you buy, and who you meet. Soon they will monitor all your steps, breaths and heartbeats. They are relying on big data and machine learning to get to know you better and better. And once these algorithms know you better than you know yourself, they could control and manipulate you. In the end, authority will shift to them. (操纵) you. In the end, authority will shift to them.(现在，算法正在观察你去哪里，你买什么，你遇见谁。很快他们就会监控你的步伐、呼吸和心跳。他们依靠大数据和机器学习来更好地了解你。一旦这些算法比你自己更了解你，他们就可以控制和操纵你。最终，权力会转移到他们身上)”以及最后一段“If, however, you want to maintain some control over your personal existence and over the future of life in general, you have to run faster than the algorithms. (然而，如果你想在某种程度上控制你个人的存在和未来的生活，你就必须跑得比算法快。)”可知，了解我们的操作系统很重要，因为身处大数据时代，只有了解自己，认识自己，才能使自己比算法跑得快，才能在某种程度上掌控自己的生活，而不被大数据左右。故选D项。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章描述的是未来的教育方向：随着社会发展，未来的教育将淡化技术技能，而强调通用的生活技能，使学生拥有应对变化的能力，学习新事物的能力，以及在陌生环境中保持精神平衡的能力，做出一次又一次地重塑。为了不被算法控制，我们应学会认识自我，并努力使自己跑得比算法快，这样才能在某种程度上控制个人的存在和未来的生活。故本文主要讨论我们将来可能需要什么样的技能来生存。故选C项。
D
Over 50 million learners rely on Duolingo every month to teach them a second language. With a simple user interface (界面) and fun-but-competitive leaderboards, Duolingo supports 40 languages across 100+ courses. Learners advance from simple vocabulary exercises to complicated sentence structures.
If a learner wants to advance beyond basic skills, it’s helpful to understand the rules of grammar. But true skill in a language requires conversation, ideally with a native speaker, something not everyone has access to.
“Artificial intelligence has always been a huge part of our strategy,” says principal product manager Edwin Bodge.“We had been using it for personalizing lessons and running Duolingo English Tests. But there were gaps in a learner’s journey that we wanted to fill: conversation practice, and contextual feedback on mistakes.”
Duolingo engineers had tried using GPT-3 to supply some of the human-powered features in its earlier chat feature.“It was close to being ready,”said lead engineer Bill Peterson,“but we didn’t feel it was at the point where we could confidently combine it to handle the complex automated aspects of chats.”
Previously, Duolingo attempted to “chat” with learners through scripted(有稿子的) conversations including classic situations like ordering food, meeting someone for the first time, or buying a plane ticket. But Bodge says what Duolingo needed was the ability to converse with learners in niche contexts and “immersively”— to have a free-flowing conversation about basketball or the extreme happiness of reaching the top of a mountain. GPT-4 has learned from enough public data to create a flexible back and forth for the learner.
“GPT-4 gives us far more confidence in the accuracy of AI responses in Explain My Answer,” says Peterson.With the new features, learners will be able to click “Explain My Answer”, and GPT-4 will give an initial response. From there, the learner can return to the lesson, or get further explanation, and GPT-4 can dynamically(动态地)update. Duolingo will gauge the quality of GPT-4’s responses by how deep the learner needs to go before returning to the lesson.
31．What leads to the mastery of true language skill
A．Vocabulary and grammar. B．Conversations with native speakers.
C．Complicated sentence structures. D．Fun-but-competitive leaderboards.
32．What did Duoling need concerning conversation practice
A．An immersive communication with learners B．A larger number of classic situations.
C．A smarter choice of everyday topics. D．A better understanding of emotion.
33．In what aspect is GPT-4 mainly improving
A．More tests. B．More courses.
C．More personalization. D．More languages.
34．What does the underlined word “gauge” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Improve. B．Forget. C．Overweigh. D．Judge.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了语言交流工具Duolingo的应用和发展。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But true skill in a language requires conversation, ideally with a native speaker, something not everyone has access to.”（但真正掌握一门语言需要交谈，最好是与母语人士交谈，这不是每个人都能接触到的。）可知，真正掌握语言技能需要与母语人士对话。故选B项。
32．细节理解题。根据第五段前两句“Previously, Duolingo attempted to “chat” with learners through scripted conversations including classic situations like ordering food, meeting someone for the first time, or buying a plane ticket. But Bodge says what Duolingo needed was the ability to converse with learners in niche contexts and “immersively”— to have a free-flowing conversation about basketball or the extreme happiness of reaching the top of a mountain.”（此前，Duolingo曾尝试通过脚本对话与学习者“聊天”，包括点餐、初次见面或购买机票等经典场景。但Bodge说，Duolingo需要的是能够在特定的环境中与学习者进行“沉浸式”对话——就篮球或到达山顶的极度快乐进行自由流畅的对话。）可知，Duolingo需要的是与学习者在特定情境中沉浸式自由对话的能力。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二三句“With the new features, learners will be able to click “Explain My Answer”, and GPT-4 will give an initial response. From there, the learner can return to the lesson, or get further explanation, and GPT-4 can dynamically update.”（有了新的特征，学习者点击“解释我的答案”，GPT-4就会做出初步反应。从那里，学习者可以返回课程处，或者得到进一步解释，GPT-4能够动态更新。）可知，GPT-4能根据学习者的需求进行动态更新，说明它更加个性化了。故选C项。
34．词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句“Duolingo will gauge the quality of GPT-4’s responses by how deep the learner needs to go before returning to the lesson.”（Duolingo能够根据学习者在回到课程之前需要进行到什么程度来……GPT-4反应的质量。）可知，Duolingo能够根据学习者与GPT-4互动程度来判断GPT-4的反应是否准确。故推知gauge意为“估计，判断”。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What comes to mind when you think about chocolate A candy bar at Halloween Ice cream on a hot day
For Ibrahim, a 12-year-old boy from the West African country of Ghana, chocolate is not about sweet treats; it is about bitter work. 35 But if they did, we would learn that Ibrahim spends his days growing and harvesting cocoa beans, from which chocolate is made. We would also learn that he is just one of more than two million children who perform this difficult labour instead of attending school.
To change the harmful practices like this, some farms use an approach called Fairtrade. 36 It aims to create a different relationship between buyers (chocolate companies) and sellers (cocoa farmers) by encouraging farmers to join together to form a shared business called a cooperative. Because farmers work together instead of competing with each other, they can demand a higher price from the buyers. 37
Consumers like you can play a role as well. You can buy Fairtrade chocolate if possible, pressure candy companies to change their labour practices, or ask local stores to sell Fairtrade products. 38 It is a programme recognizing schools that provide Fairtrade products in cafeterias or include related lessons in curriculum (课程).
Chocolate has a hidden story that affects children like Ibrahim—children who want a happy future just like you do. 39 By enjoying Fairtrade products or simply spreading the word, you can make chocolate as sweet for all children as it is for you.
A．You have the power to change the story.
B．The labels on chocolate do not tell his story.
C．Fairtrade is a way of doing business that prohibits child labour.
D．You can also take action through the Fairtrade Schools network.
E．On many farms, children like Ibrahim perform difficult farming tasks.
F．Cocoa trees grow in the tropical climates of Africa, Latin America and South-East Asia.
G．With more income, farmers can pay adult workers and can send their children to school.
【答案】35．B 36．C 37．G 38．D 39．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文中主要讲述了很多儿童从事艰巨的制作巧克力的工作而无法上学，为了改变这种现象，一些农场实行了公平交易政策。作为消费者你也能帮助这些孩子们。
35．上文“For Ibrahim, a 12-year-old boy from the West African country of Ghana, chocolate is not about sweet treats; it is about bitter work. (对于来自西非国家加纳的12岁男孩易卜拉欣来说，巧克力并不是甜食，而是甜点。这是关于艰苦的工作。)”指出制作巧克力是12岁男孩Ibrahim的艰辛工作，下文“But if they did, we would learn that Ibrahim spends his days growing and harvesting cocoa beans, from which chocolate is made. (但如果它们是这样，我们就会了解到易卜拉欣每天都在种植和收获可可豆，然后用可可豆制成巧克力)”是一种假设，由此可知，空处应用与下文内容相反，应该介绍我们无法了解到Ibrahim的情况，B项“巧克力上的标签并没有讲述他的故事。”符合，下文的they代指The labels on chocolate，故选B。
36．上文“To change the harmful practices like this, some farms use an approach called Fairtrade. (为了改变这样的有害做法，一些农场采用了一种称为Fairtrade的方法。)”指出为了严禁雇佣儿童，一些农场使用了叫做Fairtrade的方法，空处承接上文，对此方法进行介绍，C项“Fairtrade是一种禁止童工的经营方式。”符合，故选C。
37．上文“Because farmers work together instead of competing with each other, they can demand a higher price from the buyers.(由于农民共同工作而不是相互竞争，他们可以向买家索要更高的价格。)”指出农民共同工作而不是相互竞争，他们可以向买家索要更高的价格，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处，G项“有了更多的收入，农民就可以支付成年工人的工资并可以送孩子上学。”符合，承接上文，故选G。
38．上文“Consumers like you can play a role as well. You can buy Fairtrade chocolate if possible, pressure candy companies to change their labour practices, or ask local stores to sell Fairtrade products.(像你这样的消费者也可以发挥作用。如果可能的话，你可以购买公平贸易巧克力，向糖果公司施加压力，要求其改变劳工惯例，或者要求当地商店销售公平贸易产品。)”可知，许多儿童从事艰巨劳动而不能上学，对此消费者可以发挥一些作用来帮助他们，上文具体提出了消费者可以做的事，空处也应是具体措施，D项“你还可以通过公平贸易学校网络采取行动。”符合，故选D。
39．上文“Chocolate has a hidden story that affects children like Ibrahim-children who want a happy future just like you do. (巧克力有一个隐藏的故事，影响着像易卜拉欣这样的孩子——他们和你一样想要幸福的未来。)”可知，从事艰巨劳动而不能上学的儿童和你一样也想要幸福的未来，下文“By enjoying Fairtrade products or simply spreading the word, you can make chocolate as sweet for all children as it is for you.(通过买公平贸易产品或只是传播这个信息，你可以让巧克力对所有孩子来说都像对你一样甜。)”指出你可以帮助这些孩子——购买公平贸易产品或只是传播公平交易这个信息，由此可知，空处应该是引起下文，指出你能帮助他们，为文中讲述的像Ibrahim这样的孩子从事艰巨劳动而无法上学这样的故事做出一些改变，A项“你有能力改变这个故事。”符合，故选A。
第三部分书面表达（共两节,32分）
第一节阅读表达（共4小题,共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分）
阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Teenagers are learning new communication skills every day. It is important for them to have opportunities to network, or to meet and get to know new people. Online networking, which is very popular with teens today, makes short, superficial connections. But offline networking better encourages meaningful connections that will increase hope, develop skills, and open avenues to career opportunity. Teens need to practice more offline networking. It will prepare them to be confident face-to-face communicators in the real world.
A survey of almost 7,000 teens was conducted in 2019 by three Swiss researchers, and they found that teens were spending too much time on social networking sites. So, they suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life. It not only contributes to a stronger sense of identity and a happier mood, but also gives us the chance to share happiness with other people. In other words, offline networking seems to actually benefit a teen’s emotional health.
Face-to-face communication also gives teens an opportunity to learn to read people. Everyone communicates in person differently than communicating over the phone, through texting, or in online posts. Being face-to-face requires a person to think and respond more quickly—without the safety net of a delete key.
And much of our communication is nonverbal anyway. Facial expressions, gestures, and vocal tones are just a few examples. Teens need to have face-to-face interactions so they can learn to read these nonverbal cues (暗示), which are sometimes even more important than the words a person is saying. A time will come when the teen will need to enter the job market, and this usually means a face-to-face interaction, including interacting naturally with customers, hearing and understanding their words as well as their nonverbal cues in many different kinds of businesses.
Offline networking is important because it can improve a teenager’s well-being and help prepare him for the future. That’s why every teen should spend time practicing real-world interactions.
40．What is the disadvantage of online networking
41．What was the researchers’ suggestion to teens
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Hearing and understanding what a person is saying is necessarily involved in communication, so people get less from nonverbal expressions.
43．In addition to the benefits mentioned in the passage, what do you think are some other benefits of face-to-face communication (about 40 words)
【答案】40．Online networking makes short, superficial connections. 41．They suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life. 42．Hearing and understanding what a person is saying is necessarily involved in communication, so people get less from nonverbal expressions. 人们从非语言表达中得到的更多。 43．Many friends and romantic partners begin with face-to-face conversations, and many big business deals begin with face-to-face conversations. The best negotiations are always face-to-face. No matter how much you can chat online, it doesn't feel as real as a face-to-face conversation. It is easy to fake on the Internet and there are more tricks online, but it is easier to see a person's heart when chatting face to face.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了面对面交流的诸多好处。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Online networking, which is very popular with teens today, makes short, superficial connections.”（如今在青少年中非常流行的在线网络，只会产生短暂的、肤浅的联系）可知，网络社交的缺点是在线社交只建立简短、肤浅的联系。所以填Online networking makes short, superficial connections.
41．考查细节理解。根据第二段“So, they suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life.”（因此，他们建议青少年在现实生活中应该花更多的时间与他人相处）可知，研究人员对青少年的建议是青少年应该在现实生活中花更多的时间与他人在一起。所以填They suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life.
42．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“Teens need to have face-to-face interactions so they can learn to read these nonverbal cues (暗示), which are sometimes even more important than the words a person is saying.”（青少年需要面对面的交流，这样他们才能学会阅读这些非语言线索，有时这些线索甚至比一个人说的话更重要）可推知，听和理解一个人在说什么在交流中是必不可少的，所以人们从非语言表达中得到更多，而不是更少。所以less下划线，填人们从非语言表达中得到的更多。
43．开放题。本题为开放题目，言之有理即可。可以说许多朋友和恋人都是从面对面的交谈开始的，许多大生意也是从面对面的交谈开始的。 最好的谈判总是面对面的。 无论你能在网上聊多少次，它都不如面对面的交谈感觉真实。 在网上很容易作假，网上有更多的花招，但当面对面聊天时，更容易看到一个人的心。 所以填Many friends and romantic partners begin with face-to-face conversations, and many big business deals begin with face-to-face conversations. The best negotiations are always face-to-face. No matter how much you can chat online, it doesn't feel as real as a face-to-face conversation. It is easy to fake on the Internet and there are more tricks online, but it is easier to see a person's heart when chatting face to face.
第二节（共20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim给你发邮件和你分享了最令他难忘的一件事，并询问你最难忘的一件事是什么。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 你最难忘的一件事；2. 说明难忘的原因。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
In my colorful life, the most memorable thing is to learn to swim.
That was the first time that I had learned to swim. Seeing many people free to swim in the water, I also wanted to swim, but I was afraid in my heart. My father promised that he would teach me. I carefully walked into the water. But unfortunately I choked a few saliva, really uncomfortable. Then under the guidance of my father, after practicing for a whole morning, finally I learned to swim. I was extremely happy.
This makes me understand the truth: Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind on it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按照要求用英文给英国笔友Jim回信，分享考生最难忘的一件事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
难忘的：memorable→ unforgettable
害怕的：afraid→ fearful
许诺：promise→ commit
小心地：carefully→ cautiously
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then under the guidance of my father, after practicing for a whole morning, finally I learned to swim.
拓展句：Then under the guidance of my father, after I practiced for a whole morning, finally I learned to swim.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeing many people free to swim in the water, I also wanted to swim, but I was afraid in my heart.（运用了现在分词Seeing作状语）
【高分句型2】My father promised that he would teach me.（运用了that引导的主语从句）2024年高考英语第三次模拟考试
高三英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sports are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school athletes. So, I shouldn’t have been 1 when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Down syndrome(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never told Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled.
“I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran to meet me when I came in from work. She flew into my arms and lingered long in my embrace. “That’s 3 , honey,” I patted her shoulder and walked into the kitchen. My wife spoke slowly, her tone steady. “What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.” Her words 4 in. Everything that could happen flashed through my mind. But what could we do
Mid-November, the season’s first basketball game arrived. It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 followed the movement on the court and reacted to every shot. Even though she wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life.
Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game! She 6 the others fairly well. From her agile movement and eager expression, I knew she was desperate to score for her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She shot. She scored! A few minutes later, Lauren joined us in the stands. “Did you see I scored! I made a 8 !”
For sixteen years, I’d tried hard to 9 Lauren from feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally, but 10 .
1．A．disappointed B．surprised C．depressed D．embarrassed
2．A．normal B．ordinary C．different D．typical
3．A．awful B．strange C．hard D．nice
4．A．sank B．poured C．came D．kicked
5．A．frequently B．carelessly C．attentively D．repeatedly
6．A．kept pace with B．gave way to C．put up with D．broke away from
7．A．threw B．missed C．cast D．caught
8．A．mistake B．record C．mess D．basket
9．A．excuse B．shelter C．discourage D．prohibit
10．A．consciously B．spiritually C．literally D．socially
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女孩劳伦，她有唐氏综合症，但是她的父母一直以来都没有告诉她这个事实，并且对她和其他孩子一样对待。Laure表现出对篮球的兴趣，并加入了女子篮球队。在一场比赛中，虽然她被叫上场的时间很短，但她成功地投篮得分，这让她感到非常自豪。通过这次比赛，父亲意识到劳伦的不同之处不仅仅是身体和情感上的，而是她对生活的态度。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A. disappointed沮丧的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“But I was, because she has Down syndrome”可知，对于正常的孩子来说参加篮球队是不应该感到惊讶的，但因为劳伦有唐氏综合征，她要参加篮球队这是让作者惊讶的。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同。A. normal正常的；B. ordinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. typical典型的。根据“We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled.”可知，作者和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同，作者对待她与对待其他的孩子是一样的。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了，亲爱的。A. awful糟糕的；B. strange奇怪的；C. hard困难的；D. nice愉快的。根据““I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.””可知，劳伦告诉作者其要参加篮球队，作为父亲，作者表示赞同。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话被理解了。A. sank沉入，被理解；B. poured倾倒；C. came来到；D. kicked踢。根据““What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.””可知，作者理解了劳伦的话即劳伦想说的是她要加入女子高中篮球队。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. frequently经常地；B. carelessly不小心地；C. attentively注意地；D. repeatedly反复的。根据“reacted to every shot”可知，劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选C。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。A. kept pace with跟上；B. gave way to让位给；C. put up with忍受；D. broke away from逃离。根据“the others fairly well”可知，她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了球。A. threw投掷；B. missed错过；C. cast投掷；D. caught抓住。根据“Then they passed Lauren the ball.”可知，队友们把球传给了劳伦，劳伦接住了球即抓住了球。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我投进球了！A. mistake错误；B. record记录；C. mess混乱；D. basket投篮得分。根据“I scored!”可知，劳伦进球了。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。A. excuse借口；B. shelter提供保护；C. discourage使泄气；D. prohibit禁止。根据“from feeling like she was different”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。故选B。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着比赛中的劳伦，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。A. consciously有意识地；B. spiritually精神上地；C. literally文字地；D. socially社交地。根据“not physically or emotionally”可知，看着比赛中的劳伦，作者发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Speaking of map apps, some users have found that they are useful for more than just 11 (find) one's way. One man, San Francisco's Lenny Maughan, uses them to make works of art.
Lenny runs everywhere he can. 12 he goes, he tracks his progress by using an app, such as Map MyRun or Strava. As he runs, the app traces a line along the path he follows. So, to make his runs more fun, Lenny decided to run 13 patterns that would create amazing images. To date, he has shared runs that have turned into images of a heart, a portrait of artist Frida Kahlo, and more.
【答案】11．finding 12．Wherever 13．in
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过描述Lenny Maughan使用地图应用来制作艺术品的事例来说明很多用户发现地图应用并不只是可以用来导航。
11．考查动名词。句意：说到地图应用，一些用户发现它们的用途不仅仅是找路。在介词than后应用动名词作宾语。故填finding。
12．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论他走到哪里，他都会使用Map MyRun或Strava等应用程序来跟踪自己的进展。根据“he tracks his progress”可知，此处是指“无论他走到哪里”。所以应用wherever引导让步状语从句。故填Wherever。
13．考查介词。句意：所以，为了让他的跑步更有趣，莱尼决定用能创造惊人图像的模式跑步。表示“以某种模式”应用介词in。故填in。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning as northern China 14 (hit) by the largest sandstorm of the decade.
Air pollution readings rose to the upper limit of 500 at 8 a.m., according to data from the city's environmental monitory center, as visibility was reduced to 15 (little) than 1,000 meters in parts of the city.
The city's weather bureau advised residents to stay indoors as much as possible, while experts are working to find out 16 the sandstorm came into being.
【答案】14．was hit/had been hit/was being hit 15．less 16．how/why
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国北方遭遇的一场十年来最大的沙尘暴。
14．考查时态和语态。句意：周日早上，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，中国北方遭遇了（正在遭遇）十年来最大的沙尘暴。此处缺乏谓语，动词hit意为“袭击”，和主语northern China构成被动关系，主语是单数，谓语也用单数形式。根据“Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning”可知，此处是讲过去的事，可以用一般过去时的被动语态；也可以表示中国北方先遭遇了沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，即“过去的过去”，这样应使用过去完成时的被动语态；还可以表示中国北方正在遭遇沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，这样应使用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was hit/had been hit/was being hit。
15．考查比较级。句意：北京市环境监测中心的数据显示，上午8点，空气污染指数升至500的上限，部分地区能见度降至不到1000米。根据than可知，此处应用比较级。故填less。
16．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：北京市气象局建议居民尽量待在室内，同时专家们正在调查沙尘暴是如何（为何）形成的。介词out后接宾语从句，根据“experts are working to find out”可知，此处是指调查沙尘暴是如何形成的或为何形成的，所以应用how或why引导宾语从句。故填how/why。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处的括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In 2016, I unpacked my luggage at a newly constructed New York hotel only to realize that I 17 (forget) my toothpaste. I called room service, and an 18 (energy) voice responded, "Someone will bring it right up." Two minutes later, I opened my door only to discover an object resembling a trash can on wheels, 19 (equip) with a lid, a large button and a small digital screen. I cautiously pushed the button and the lid opened, revealing a toothpaste tube. The digital display flashed "Thank you". The robotic visitor then turned around and rolled away. Before it disappeared, I snapped a photo, sending it to a friend, 20 later responded, "Wow, so cool!"
【答案】17．had forgotten 18．energetic 19．equipped 20．who
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者入住一家酒店打开行李时发现自己忘了带牙膏，于是客房服务派了一个机器人来为作者送牙膏。作者觉得这很酷。
17．考查过去完成时。句意：2016年，我在纽约一家新建的酒店打开行李，才发现自己忘了带牙膏。忘记带牙膏发生在纽约一家新建的酒店打开行李之前，所以应用过去完成时。故填had forgotten。
18．考查形容词。句意：我叫了客房服务，一个充满活力的声音回应了我……修饰名词voice应用形容词。故填energetic。
19．考查过去分词。句意：两分钟后，我打开门，却发现一个类似有轮子的垃圾桶的东西，有盖子、一个大按钮和一个小数字屏幕。be equipped with意为“配备有……”，为固定搭配，所以应用过去分词作状语。故填equipped。
20．考查定语从句。句意：在它消失之前，我拍了一张照片，发给了一个朋友，他后来回复说：“哇，太酷了！”非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为a friend，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four unique European music traditions that are protected by UNESCO
Inuit drum dancing, Greenland
In 2021, UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) recognised Greenland’s Inuit drum dancing and singing as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity. The drum dance typical of the tradition can be performed by one dancer alone or accompanied by a group of people singing songs about love, humour and hunting.
Uilleann piping, Ireland
Uilleann piping was included in the UNESCO’s list in 2017. It involves playing Irish music on a particular type of bagpipe (风笛) known as the “uilleann”. It is a highly developed and complex instrument, with some functions that cannot be found elsewhere. It often accompanies music played at weddings and parties, and it’s been passed on through several generations of Irish musicians.
Kaustinen folk music, Finland
In 2019, UNESCO added to its list Finland’s Kaustinen folk music, a tradition where the violin, with or without accompanying instruments, is played by ear. The style is characterised by rhythms or accents that make it easy to dance to. The 250-year-old tradition is played during wedding parties, public concerts and at music festivals in the small village of Kaustinen.
Fado, Portugal
Fado music, which originated in Portugal in the early 19th century, is now a symbol of Portuguese culture and tradition. It combines poetry and music to create a sometimes sorrowful, and always passionate melody, usually performed by a solo singer accompanied by guitars. It was included in the UNESCO’s list in2011.
21．What is a feature of the uilleann
A．It is easy to play. B．It is played by ear.
C．It is highly developed. D．Its functions are common.
22．Which of the following was added to the UNESCO’s list earliest
A．Fado. B．Uilleann piping. C．Inuit drum dancing. D．Kaustinen folk music.
23．Where is this text most likely from
A．An instrument ad. B．A culture website.
C．A history textbook. D．A music festival poster.
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了受联合国教科文组织保护的四个独特的欧洲音乐传统。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is a highly developed and complex instrument, with some functions that cannot be found elsewhere.(它是一种高度发达和复杂的仪器，具有其他地方找不到的一些功能)”可知，乌利安的特点是高度发达。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2021, UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) recognised Greenland’s Inuit drum dancing and singing as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity.(2021年，联合国教科文组织（联合国教育、科学及文化组织）承认格陵兰岛因纽特人的鼓乐舞蹈和歌唱为人类非物质文化遗产)”；第二段“Uilleann piping was included in the UNESCO’s list in 2017. (2017年，乌利安风笛被列入联合国教科文组织名录)”；第三段“In 2019, UNESCO added to its list Finland’s Kaustinen folk music, a tradition where the violin, with or without accompanying instruments, is played by ear.(2019年，联合国教科文组织将芬兰的考斯蒂宁民间音乐列入其名录，这是一种传统，小提琴在有或没有伴奏乐器的情况下，都是用耳朵演奏的)”以及最后一段“It was included in the UNESCO’s list in2011.(2011年，它被列入联合国教科文组织的名单)”可知，Fado最早被列入联合国教科文组织的名单。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据标题“Four unique European music traditions that are protected by UNESCO(受联合国教科文组织保护的四个独特的欧洲音乐传统)”结合文章主要介绍了四个非物质文化遗产。可推知，文章可能选自文化网站。故选B。
B
As an ordinary man, I have a special habit to confess. Whenever I walk down the street, I offer to pour a bottle of water from the nearby river into the dirt of a street tree. It’s just my personal habit, and I think it doesn’t make a difference, but I’d like to do it. I mention this in light of a campaign launched by the Arboricultural Association to call on the public to water new street trees.
The UK government has committed to planting millions of trees to help meet climate targets and aims to increase tree cover from 14.5% to 16.5% by 2050. However, as John Parker, chief executive of the Arboricultural Association, says, “Planting a tree is just the start of the story. The health and survival of new urban trees is threatened by increasingly dry weather. It is recommended that the newly planted trees be given about 50 litres of water per week for the first three years.” While in rural settings, the newly planted trees and woods can take care of themselves and adapt, the challenging conditions mean trees in the urban areas need a bit more care.
Long ago, I assumed that the good of street trees was to soften the hard edges of urban environments. But, what an underestimation of tree power that was! A study from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities illustrates they can provide inspiration or a calming atmosphere in an otherwise crowded city. Trees are responsible for easing urban heat island effects and air and pollutant filtration. And I think they provide the habitat for wildlife, especially birds.
Trees can’t run away. Unfortunately for them and fortunately for urban residents, city trees are stuck with us. If we want to continue enjoying all the good they do, we should try to understand their needs and do all that we can to support them. A bottle of water won’t do much, but next time you all together have a bucket of water to pour, you know what big effect will happen.
24．What does the author think of his personal habit
A．It is of little effect. B．It is enforced.
C．It is of much significance. D．It is common.
25．What does John Parker say about urban trees
A．They have started to be watered regularly.
B．More work needs to be done for their living.
C．They are threatened by the increasing flood.
D．The newly planted ones can’t look after themselves.
26．What can we learn about street trees from paragraph 3
A．Their usage is overrated.
B．Their value is thought highly of by the public.
C．They benefit residents physically and mentally.
D．They can thoroughly solve environmental problems.
27．What can be concluded from the last paragraph
A．When in need, ask for it. B．Tall trees catch much wind.
C．Many hands make light work. D．Misfortunes seldom come alone.
【答案】24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者给人行道树浇水的故事及其引发的感悟。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s just my personal habit, and I think it doesn’t make a difference, but I’d like to do it.(这只是我个人的习惯，我认为这不起什么作用，但我愿意这样做。)”可知，作者认为给行道树浇水只是他的个人习惯，作用不大，故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段John Parker 所说的话“Planting a tree is just the start of the story. The health and survival of new urban trees is threatened by increasingly dry weather. It is recommended that the newly planted trees be given about 50 litres of water per week for the first three years.(植树只是故事的开始。日益干燥的天气威胁着城市新树木的健康和生存。建议新栽树前三年每周浇水约50升)”可推知，他认为树只是开始，城市树木若要健康地存活下来，还需要更多的照顾，故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A study from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities illustrates they can provide inspiration or a calming atmosphere in an otherwise crowded city. Trees are responsible for easing urban heat island effects and air and pollutant filtration.(明尼苏达大学双城分校的一项研究表明，它们可以在拥挤的城市中提供灵感或平静的氛围。树木负责缓解城市热岛效应以及空气和污染物过滤)”可知，行道树有益于城市居民的身心健康，故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A bottle of water won’t do much, but next time you all together have a bucket of water to pour, you know what big effect will happen.(一瓶水起不了多大作用，但下次大家一起倒一桶水时，你就知道会发生什么大作用了)”可知，作者告诉我们“众人拾柴火焰高”的道理，并通过自己的亲身经历来呼吁大家一起浇灌行道树，发挥众人的力量，即“人多力量大”，故选C。
C
A baby born today will be thirty-something in 2050.If all goes well, that baby will still be around in 2100, and might even be an active citizen of the 22 century. What should we teach that baby to help them survive and flourish in the world of 2050 and beyond What kind of skills will they need in order to get a job, understand what is happening around them, and navigate their tough life
At present, too many schools across the world focus on providing pupils with a set of predetermined skills, such as writing computer code in C++ and conversing in Chinese. Yet since we have no idea how the world and the job market will look in 2050, we don’t really know what particular skills people will need. We might invest a lot of effort in teaching kids how to write in C++ or to speak Chinese, only to discover sooner or later that AI will have been able to code software far better than humans, and that a new translation app will have enabled you to conduct a conversation in almost flawless Mandarin, Cantonese or Hakka, even though you only know how to say ni hao.
So what should we be teaching Many experts argue that schools should downplay technical skills and emphasize general-purpose life skills: the ability to deal with change, to learn new things, and to preserve your mental balance in unfamiliar situations. In order to keep up with the world of 2050, you will above all need to reinvent yourself again and again.
To succeed in such a demanding task, you will need to work very hard on getting to know your operating system better-to know what you are and what you want from life. This is, of course, the oldest advice in the book: know thyself. This advice was never more urgent than in the mid-21st century, because unlike in the days of Laozi or Socrates, now you have serious competition. Coca-Cola, Amazon and Facebook are all racing to hack you.
Right now, the algorithms are watching where you go, what you buy, and who you meet. Soon they will monitor all your steps, breaths and heartbeats. They are relying on big data and machine learning to get to know you better and better. And once these algorithms know you better than you know yourself, they could control and manipulate you. In the end, authority will shift to them.
Of course, you might be perfectly happy giving up all authority to the algorithms and trusting them to make decisions for you and for the rest of the world. If, however, you want to maintain some control over your personal existence and over the future of life in general, you have to run faster than the algorithms. To run fast, don’t take much luggage with you. Leave all your illusions behind. They are very heavy.
28．According to the article, ______ plays a vital role in children’s bright future.
A．imagination B．adaptability
C．self-discipline D．a good sense of balance
29．It’s important to know our operating system because ______.
A．algorithms will hack all our devices if we do not know it.
B．it is an essential skill for us to succeed in the world of 2050.
C．we need to learn how algorithms work and make full use of them.
D．we need to outrun algorithms to keep some control over our life.
30．The article mainly talks about ______.
A．the importance of knowing yourself B．the threats and dangers of technology
C．what skills we might need in the future D．benefits of algorithms to humankind
【答案】28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章就现在出生的婴儿应该赋予他们什么样的技能才能在未来找到工作和生存进行了讨论。
28． 细节理解题。根据第三段“Many experts argue that schools should downplay technical skills and emphasize general-purpose life skills: the ability to deal with change, to learn new things, and to preserve your mental balance in unfamiliar situations. In order to keep up with the world of 2050, you will above all need to reinvent yourself again and again. (许多专家认为，学校应该淡化技术技能，强调通用的生活技能：应对变化的能力，学习新事物的能力，以及在不熟悉的情况下保持心理平衡的能力。为了跟上2050年的世界，你首先需要一次又一次地改造自己。)”可知，对孩子们的美好未来起着至关重要作用的是有通用的生活技能、能在不熟悉的情况下保持心理平衡、善于学习新事物，即要有一定的适应力。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“To succeed in such a demanding task, you will need to work very hard on getting to know your operating system better-to know what you are and what you want from life. This is, of course, the oldest advice in the book: know thyself. This advice was never more urgent than in the mid-21st century, because unlike in the days of Laozi or Socrates, now you have serious competition. Coca-Cola, Amazon and Facebook are all racing to hack you.(要成功完成这样一项要求很高的任务，你需要非常努力地去更好地了解你的操作系统——了解你是什么，你想从生活中得到什么。当然，这是书中最古老的忠告：认识你自己。这一建议在21世纪中期从未如此紧迫，因为与老子或苏格拉底时代不同，现在你面临着激烈的竞争。可口可乐、亚马逊和脸书都在争相黑你。)”，倒数第二段“Right now, the algorithms are watching where you go, what you buy, and who you meet. Soon they will monitor all your steps, breaths and heartbeats. They are relying on big data and machine learning to get to know you better and better. And once these algorithms know you better than you know yourself, they could control and manipulate you. In the end, authority will shift to them. (操纵) you. In the end, authority will shift to them.(现在，算法正在观察你去哪里，你买什么，你遇见谁。很快他们就会监控你的步伐、呼吸和心跳。他们依靠大数据和机器学习来更好地了解你。一旦这些算法比你自己更了解你，他们就可以控制和操纵你。最终，权力会转移到他们身上)”以及最后一段“If, however, you want to maintain some control over your personal existence and over the future of life in general, you have to run faster than the algorithms. (然而，如果你想在某种程度上控制你个人的存在和未来的生活，你就必须跑得比算法快。)”可知，了解我们的操作系统很重要，因为身处大数据时代，只有了解自己，认识自己，才能使自己比算法跑得快，才能在某种程度上掌控自己的生活，而不被大数据左右。故选D项。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章描述的是未来的教育方向：随着社会发展，未来的教育将淡化技术技能，而强调通用的生活技能，使学生拥有应对变化的能力，学习新事物的能力，以及在陌生环境中保持精神平衡的能力，做出一次又一次地重塑。为了不被算法控制，我们应学会认识自我，并努力使自己跑得比算法快，这样才能在某种程度上控制个人的存在和未来的生活。故本文主要讨论我们将来可能需要什么样的技能来生存。故选C项。
D
Over 50 million learners rely on Duolingo every month to teach them a second language. With a simple user interface (界面) and fun-but-competitive leaderboards, Duolingo supports 40 languages across 100+ courses. Learners advance from simple vocabulary exercises to complicated sentence structures.
If a learner wants to advance beyond basic skills, it’s helpful to understand the rules of grammar. But true skill in a language requires conversation, ideally with a native speaker, something not everyone has access to.
“Artificial intelligence has always been a huge part of our strategy,” says principal product manager Edwin Bodge.“We had been using it for personalizing lessons and running Duolingo English Tests. But there were gaps in a learner’s journey that we wanted to fill: conversation practice, and contextual feedback on mistakes.”
Duolingo engineers had tried using GPT-3 to supply some of the human-powered features in its earlier chat feature.“It was close to being ready,”said lead engineer Bill Peterson,“but we didn’t feel it was at the point where we could confidently combine it to handle the complex automated aspects of chats.”
Previously, Duolingo attempted to “chat” with learners through scripted(有稿子的) conversations including classic situations like ordering food, meeting someone for the first time, or buying a plane ticket. But Bodge says what Duolingo needed was the ability to converse with learners in niche contexts and “immersively”— to have a free-flowing conversation about basketball or the extreme happiness of reaching the top of a mountain. GPT-4 has learned from enough public data to create a flexible back and forth for the learner.
“GPT-4 gives us far more confidence in the accuracy of AI responses in Explain My Answer,” says Peterson.With the new features, learners will be able to click “Explain My Answer”, and GPT-4 will give an initial response. From there, the learner can return to the lesson, or get further explanation, and GPT-4 can dynamically(动态地)update. Duolingo will gauge the quality of GPT-4’s responses by how deep the learner needs to go before returning to the lesson.
31．What leads to the mastery of true language skill
A．Vocabulary and grammar. B．Conversations with native speakers.
C．Complicated sentence structures. D．Fun-but-competitive leaderboards.
32．What did Duoling need concerning conversation practice
A．An immersive communication with learners B．A larger number of classic situations.
C．A smarter choice of everyday topics. D．A better understanding of emotion.
33．In what aspect is GPT-4 mainly improving
A．More tests. B．More courses.
C．More personalization. D．More languages.
34．What does the underlined word “gauge” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Improve. B．Forget. C．Overweigh. D．Judge.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了语言交流工具Duolingo的应用和发展。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But true skill in a language requires conversation, ideally with a native speaker, something not everyone has access to.”（但真正掌握一门语言需要交谈，最好是与母语人士交谈，这不是每个人都能接触到的。）可知，真正掌握语言技能需要与母语人士对话。故选B项。
32．细节理解题。根据第五段前两句“Previously, Duolingo attempted to “chat” with learners through scripted conversations including classic situations like ordering food, meeting someone for the first time, or buying a plane ticket. But Bodge says what Duolingo needed was the ability to converse with learners in niche contexts and “immersively”— to have a free-flowing conversation about basketball or the extreme happiness of reaching the top of a mountain.”（此前，Duolingo曾尝试通过脚本对话与学习者“聊天”，包括点餐、初次见面或购买机票等经典场景。但Bodge说，Duolingo需要的是能够在特定的环境中与学习者进行“沉浸式”对话——就篮球或到达山顶的极度快乐进行自由流畅的对话。）可知，Duolingo需要的是与学习者在特定情境中沉浸式自由对话的能力。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二三句“With the new features, learners will be able to click “Explain My Answer”, and GPT-4 will give an initial response. From there, the learner can return to the lesson, or get further explanation, and GPT-4 can dynamically update.”（有了新的特征，学习者点击“解释我的答案”，GPT-4就会做出初步反应。从那里，学习者可以返回课程处，或者得到进一步解释，GPT-4能够动态更新。）可知，GPT-4能根据学习者的需求进行动态更新，说明它更加个性化了。故选C项。
34．词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句“Duolingo will gauge the quality of GPT-4’s responses by how deep the learner needs to go before returning to the lesson.”（Duolingo能够根据学习者在回到课程之前需要进行到什么程度来……GPT-4反应的质量。）可知，Duolingo能够根据学习者与GPT-4互动程度来判断GPT-4的反应是否准确。故推知gauge意为“估计，判断”。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What comes to mind when you think about chocolate A candy bar at Halloween Ice cream on a hot day
For Ibrahim, a 12-year-old boy from the West African country of Ghana, chocolate is not about sweet treats; it is about bitter work. 35 But if they did, we would learn that Ibrahim spends his days growing and harvesting cocoa beans, from which chocolate is made. We would also learn that he is just one of more than two million children who perform this difficult labour instead of attending school.
To change the harmful practices like this, some farms use an approach called Fairtrade. 36 It aims to create a different relationship between buyers (chocolate companies) and sellers (cocoa farmers) by encouraging farmers to join together to form a shared business called a cooperative. Because farmers work together instead of competing with each other, they can demand a higher price from the buyers. 37
Consumers like you can play a role as well. You can buy Fairtrade chocolate if possible, pressure candy companies to change their labour practices, or ask local stores to sell Fairtrade products. 38 It is a programme recognizing schools that provide Fairtrade products in cafeterias or include related lessons in curriculum (课程).
Chocolate has a hidden story that affects children like Ibrahim—children who want a happy future just like you do. 39 By enjoying Fairtrade products or simply spreading the word, you can make chocolate as sweet for all children as it is for you.
A．You have the power to change the story.
B．The labels on chocolate do not tell his story.
C．Fairtrade is a way of doing business that prohibits child labour.
D．You can also take action through the Fairtrade Schools network.
E．On many farms, children like Ibrahim perform difficult farming tasks.
F．Cocoa trees grow in the tropical climates of Africa, Latin America and South-East Asia.
G．With more income, farmers can pay adult workers and can send their children to school.
【答案】35．B 36．C 37．G 38．D 39．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文中主要讲述了很多儿童从事艰巨的制作巧克力的工作而无法上学，为了改变这种现象，一些农场实行了公平交易政策。作为消费者你也能帮助这些孩子们。
35．上文“For Ibrahim, a 12-year-old boy from the West African country of Ghana, chocolate is not about sweet treats; it is about bitter work. (对于来自西非国家加纳的12岁男孩易卜拉欣来说，巧克力并不是甜食，而是甜点。这是关于艰苦的工作。)”指出制作巧克力是12岁男孩Ibrahim的艰辛工作，下文“But if they did, we would learn that Ibrahim spends his days growing and harvesting cocoa beans, from which chocolate is made. (但如果它们是这样，我们就会了解到易卜拉欣每天都在种植和收获可可豆，然后用可可豆制成巧克力)”是一种假设，由此可知，空处应用与下文内容相反，应该介绍我们无法了解到Ibrahim的情况，B项“巧克力上的标签并没有讲述他的故事。”符合，下文的they代指The labels on chocolate，故选B。
36．上文“To change the harmful practices like this, some farms use an approach called Fairtrade. (为了改变这样的有害做法，一些农场采用了一种称为Fairtrade的方法。)”指出为了严禁雇佣儿童，一些农场使用了叫做Fairtrade的方法，空处承接上文，对此方法进行介绍，C项“Fairtrade是一种禁止童工的经营方式。”符合，故选C。
37．上文“Because farmers work together instead of competing with each other, they can demand a higher price from the buyers.(由于农民共同工作而不是相互竞争，他们可以向买家索要更高的价格。)”指出农民共同工作而不是相互竞争，他们可以向买家索要更高的价格，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处，G项“有了更多的收入，农民就可以支付成年工人的工资并可以送孩子上学。”符合，承接上文，故选G。
38．上文“Consumers like you can play a role as well. You can buy Fairtrade chocolate if possible, pressure candy companies to change their labour practices, or ask local stores to sell Fairtrade products.(像你这样的消费者也可以发挥作用。如果可能的话，你可以购买公平贸易巧克力，向糖果公司施加压力，要求其改变劳工惯例，或者要求当地商店销售公平贸易产品。)”可知，许多儿童从事艰巨劳动而不能上学，对此消费者可以发挥一些作用来帮助他们，上文具体提出了消费者可以做的事，空处也应是具体措施，D项“你还可以通过公平贸易学校网络采取行动。”符合，故选D。
39．上文“Chocolate has a hidden story that affects children like Ibrahim-children who want a happy future just like you do. (巧克力有一个隐藏的故事，影响着像易卜拉欣这样的孩子——他们和你一样想要幸福的未来。)”可知，从事艰巨劳动而不能上学的儿童和你一样也想要幸福的未来，下文“By enjoying Fairtrade products or simply spreading the word, you can make chocolate as sweet for all children as it is for you.(通过买公平贸易产品或只是传播这个信息，你可以让巧克力对所有孩子来说都像对你一样甜。)”指出你可以帮助这些孩子——购买公平贸易产品或只是传播公平交易这个信息，由此可知，空处应该是引起下文，指出你能帮助他们，为文中讲述的像Ibrahim这样的孩子从事艰巨劳动而无法上学这样的故事做出一些改变，A项“你有能力改变这个故事。”符合，故选A。
第三部分书面表达（共两节,32分）
第一节阅读表达（共4小题,共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分）
阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Teenagers are learning new communication skills every day. It is important for them to have opportunities to network, or to meet and get to know new people. Online networking, which is very popular with teens today, makes short, superficial connections. But offline networking better encourages meaningful connections that will increase hope, develop skills, and open avenues to career opportunity. Teens need to practice more offline networking. It will prepare them to be confident face-to-face communicators in the real world.
A survey of almost 7,000 teens was conducted in 2019 by three Swiss researchers, and they found that teens were spending too much time on social networking sites. So, they suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life. It not only contributes to a stronger sense of identity and a happier mood, but also gives us the chance to share happiness with other people. In other words, offline networking seems to actually benefit a teen’s emotional health.
Face-to-face communication also gives teens an opportunity to learn to read people. Everyone communicates in person differently than communicating over the phone, through texting, or in online posts. Being face-to-face requires a person to think and respond more quickly—without the safety net of a delete key.
And much of our communication is nonverbal anyway. Facial expressions, gestures, and vocal tones are just a few examples. Teens need to have face-to-face interactions so they can learn to read these nonverbal cues (暗示), which are sometimes even more important than the words a person is saying. A time will come when the teen will need to enter the job market, and this usually means a face-to-face interaction, including interacting naturally with customers, hearing and understanding their words as well as their nonverbal cues in many different kinds of businesses.
Offline networking is important because it can improve a teenager’s well-being and help prepare him for the future. That’s why every teen should spend time practicing real-world interactions.
40．What is the disadvantage of online networking
41．What was the researchers’ suggestion to teens
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Hearing and understanding what a person is saying is necessarily involved in communication, so people get less from nonverbal expressions.
43．In addition to the benefits mentioned in the passage, what do you think are some other benefits of face-to-face communication (about 40 words)
【答案】40．Online networking makes short, superficial connections. 41．They suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life. 42．Hearing and understanding what a person is saying is necessarily involved in communication, so people get less from nonverbal expressions. 人们从非语言表达中得到的更多。 43．Many friends and romantic partners begin with face-to-face conversations, and many big business deals begin with face-to-face conversations. The best negotiations are always face-to-face. No matter how much you can chat online, it doesn't feel as real as a face-to-face conversation. It is easy to fake on the Internet and there are more tricks online, but it is easier to see a person's heart when chatting face to face.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了面对面交流的诸多好处。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Online networking, which is very popular with teens today, makes short, superficial connections.”（如今在青少年中非常流行的在线网络，只会产生短暂的、肤浅的联系）可知，网络社交的缺点是在线社交只建立简短、肤浅的联系。所以填Online networking makes short, superficial connections.
41．考查细节理解。根据第二段“So, they suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life.”（因此，他们建议青少年在现实生活中应该花更多的时间与他人相处）可知，研究人员对青少年的建议是青少年应该在现实生活中花更多的时间与他人在一起。所以填They suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life.
42．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“Teens need to have face-to-face interactions so they can learn to read these nonverbal cues (暗示), which are sometimes even more important than the words a person is saying.”（青少年需要面对面的交流，这样他们才能学会阅读这些非语言线索，有时这些线索甚至比一个人说的话更重要）可推知，听和理解一个人在说什么在交流中是必不可少的，所以人们从非语言表达中得到更多，而不是更少。所以less下划线，填人们从非语言表达中得到的更多。
43．开放题。本题为开放题目，言之有理即可。可以说许多朋友和恋人都是从面对面的交谈开始的，许多大生意也是从面对面的交谈开始的。 最好的谈判总是面对面的。 无论你能在网上聊多少次，它都不如面对面的交谈感觉真实。 在网上很容易作假，网上有更多的花招，但当面对面聊天时，更容易看到一个人的心。 所以填Many friends and romantic partners begin with face-to-face conversations, and many big business deals begin with face-to-face conversations. The best negotiations are always face-to-face. No matter how much you can chat online, it doesn't feel as real as a face-to-face conversation. It is easy to fake on the Internet and there are more tricks online, but it is easier to see a person's heart when chatting face to face.
第二节（共20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim给你发邮件和你分享了最令他难忘的一件事，并询问你最难忘的一件事是什么。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 你最难忘的一件事；2. 说明难忘的原因。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
In my colorful life, the most memorable thing is to learn to swim.
That was the first time that I had learned to swim. Seeing many people free to swim in the water, I also wanted to swim, but I was afraid in my heart. My father promised that he would teach me. I carefully walked into the water. But unfortunately I choked a few saliva, really uncomfortable. Then under the guidance of my father, after practicing for a whole morning, finally I learned to swim. I was extremely happy.
This makes me understand the truth: Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind on it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按照要求用英文给英国笔友Jim回信，分享考生最难忘的一件事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
难忘的：memorable→ unforgettable
害怕的：afraid→ fearful
许诺：promise→ commit
小心地：carefully→ cautiously
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then under the guidance of my father, after practicing for a whole morning, finally I learned to swim.
拓展句：Then under the guidance of my father, after I practiced for a whole morning, finally I learned to swim.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeing many people free to swim in the water, I also wanted to swim, but I was afraid in my heart.（运用了现在分词Seeing作状语）
【高分句型2】My father promised that he would teach me.（运用了that引导的主语从句）
