2024年高考英语第三次模拟考试
高三英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cultural Websites
Ancient Greece
This is a guide with rich information and pictures to Ancient Greece, covering art, architecture, politics, Olympics, geography, history and other topics. The photo gallery with bird’s-eye images of Greek art is of note. Contents include maps, biographies and related links, though little in the way of engaging multimedia. The website last updated in 2008, and some links are broken.
Getty
Getty, an online museum, focuses on the visual arts and serves both general audiences and specialized professionals. Its Research Library is accessible to both on-site and far-away users. The Explore Art part permits you to look through many of the works of art on show. You can also view present or past exhibitions. There are also topics for discussion on many sides of art and art history.
Library of Congress
The website contains main source materials connecting to the history and culture of the United States. It offers more than 7 million digital artworks from more than 100 historical collections. You can select collections to search and explore teaching and learning ideas with American memory.
Internet History Sourcebooks Project
The website is wonderful collections of public area and copy-permitted historical texts for educational use. With pages designed specifically to help teachers and students, it contains hundreds of well-organized sources and also includes links to visual and hearing materials, as art and archeology play an important role in the study of ancient history.
1．How is Ancient Greece different from other websites
A．It covers art. B．Its renewal is suspended.
C．Its topics include history. D．It contains historical culture.
2．What can visitors do in the Explore Art part of Getty
A．View artworks on display. B．Purchase art pieces online.
C．Serve the Research Library. D．Join the scientific discussion.
3．What do the last two websites have in common
A．They focus on ancient science. B．They provide teaching materials.
C．They deal with American issues. D．They have several hundred pages.
B
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him — an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realized that my biggest obstacle (障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.
4．Why did Alice feel anxious
A．She behaved badly. B．She used to over-consume.
C．She was short of inspiration. D．She was in pursuit of perfection.
5．Where did Alice first contact Brown
A．At a presentation. B．At a dinner.
C．At a conference. D．At a journey.
6．What effect did activities of protecting nature bring Alice
A．Making her confident. B．Making her imaginative.
C．Motivating her creativity. D．Strengthening her wisdom.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Action is the only way to knowledge. B．Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C．Believe in yourself and take action. D．Facts speak louder than words.
C
It’s a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite erosion (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
The team is devoted to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site, the construction of which spans about a thousand years, from the 4th century to the 14th century. The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road. “Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy.
Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking, as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves, and the deposition of salts. To restore a mural requires an all-rounder. Restorers should know painting, master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward.
The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them. When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration. “Cultural relics are witnesses of history,” explains Su. “When you pursue the so-called intact (完好无损的) look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.”
Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems. “It needs a long-term research to better preserve the caves, over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible.
8．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A．To show the popularity of Dunhuang murals.
B．To explain the history of the ancient Silk Road.
C．To stress the significance of the restoration work.
D．To present the ways of protecting cultural heritage.
9．Which of the following best describes the restoration work
A．Demanding. B．Well-paid. C．Interesting. D．Creative.
10．What should restoring murals focus on according to paragraph 4
A．Spotting the faded murals in time.
B．Fixing the missing parts of murals.
C．Maintaining the current look of murals.
D．Repainting to perfect the appearance of murals.
11．Which can be the best title for the text
A．The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings
B．The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves
C．The Successful Experiment on Cave Conservation
D．The Role of the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture
D
Rosalind Franklin, one of the most outstanding female scientists of the 20th century, was a remarkable British chemist and X-ray crystallographer (晶体学家). She made a great contribution to the discovery of the structure of DNA, which led to a revolution in modern biology and genetics (遗传学).
Born in London in 1920, Rosalind grew up in a family of scientists and mathematicians. She received her undergraduate degree in physical chemistry from the University of Cambridge and pursued her postgraduate degree in physical chemistry. at King’s College London. It was during this time that she developed a keen interest in DNA structure, which she explored through X-ray crystallography.
Rosalind’s contribution to the discovery of DNA structure was very important. Working alongside other scientists at the Medical Research Council in Cambridge, she used her skills in X-ray crystallography to produce high-resolution images of DNA molecules. Her images helped reveal the crucial helical (螺旋) structure of DNA, which was groundbreaking in the field of genetics.
Despite her achievements, Rosalind’s role in the discovery of DNA structure was not always acknowledged. She faced discrimination and sexism within the scientific community and was often overlooked for credit and recognition for her work.
James Watson and Francis Crick announced the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA in 1953, which they attributed to Rosalind and another scientist, Maurice Wilkins. However, it wasn’t until years later that Rosalind’s contribution was fully recognized.
Rosalind’s legacy continues to inspire scientists and researchers worldwide today. Her story serves as a reminder of the importance of determination, hard work, and a willingness to take risks in pursuit of scientific advancement. Despite the challenges she faced, Rosalind persevered and made a significant impact in the field of chemistry. Her contributions to the scientific community will always be remembered, and she will remain an inspiration to generations of future scientists.
12．What can we know about Rosalind’s upbringing from the first two paragraphs
A．She had a strong interest in science. B．She came from a extremely rich family.
C．She was born in King’s College London D．She got her postgraduate degree in Cambridge.
13．What was Rosalind Franklin’s contribution to the discovery of DNA structure
A．Discovering the double helix structure.
B．Conducting X-ray crystallography analysis.
C．Overcoming the discrimination and sexism.
D．Pursuing a postgraduate degree in chemistry.
14．What does the underlined word “discrimination” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Praise. B．Support. C．Neglect. D．Prejudice
15．What does Franklin’s story tell us
A．The value of determination, hard work, and risk-taking.
B．The importance of DNA structure in biology and genetics.
C．The challenges faced by female scientists in the 20th century.
D．The significance of X-ray crystallography in scientific research.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Worried about the climate 16 . Here are some examples to get you started.
Count the birds and the bees
Get closer to nature by becoming a citizen scientist. You could be counting birds in your garden, butterflies, insects and flowers, or even reptiles and hedgehogs. 17 . It’s a fun group activity, and your data can help scientists better understand the impact of human behaviour on natural habitats.
18
Media headlines can be alarming when it comes to the climate and nature crisis or ignoring the issues completely. Hosting a local discussion can allow space for reflection, debate, ideas and collaboration (合作) to take action on global issues at a local level.
Set up a library of things
Internet shopping has made it too easy to buy new stuff at the click of a button. 19 First, it’ll clutter (凌乱地塞满) your house，then it’ll clutter the planet. Setting up a library of things can encourage local people to share everything from tools to instruments, cooking gadgets to toys.
Start a climate emergency centre
20 . That’s why more and more climate emergency centres are popping up in derelict (废弃地) shops on high streets and in shopping centres. A climate emergency centre can be a space for events such as an exhibition on plastic waste or a workshop to learn how to make eco-cleaning products. It can also be a way to motivate more people to take action.
A．Cooperate with your locals
B．But where is it all going to end up
C．Host a climate and nature discussion
D．But how have we consumed the things
E．The climate and nature crisis isn’t going away
F．There are lots of citizen science projects to take part in
G．Small local actions with neighbors, local businesses and politicians can make a difference
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One of the interesting things about languages is the way they change over time. In English, everything from spelling to vocabulary has 21 major changes over the years. In fact, to a modern speaker, the English of 1000 years ago looks like a 22 language!
The history of English dates back around 1500 years. At that time, groups of Europeans 23 England, bringing their language with them. It developed into old English. Later in 1066, English was invaded by the Normans from France. The language went through an important shift leading to what we now call Middle English. Over the next 500 years, the language underwent 24 shifts, leading to modern English. As the language has developed over time, many things about it have changed.
25 is one of the most obvious areas. For example, in old English, people say “hus” and “mus”. Now, we say “house” and “mouse”. These days there are many differences in the way English is pronounced in the U.S., India and elsewhere. When people live in groups separated by great distances, the 26 of change can be fast.
Vocabulary changes happen even more quickly. English has grown by borrowing words from languages such as French, Greek and 27 , 28 . This often happens with types of 29 , for example, “tofu”. Then there is slang which enters and 30 the language every year! Thirty years ago, one often heard people saying “groovy”, meaning great. These days you rarely hear the word 31 on old TV shows or movies.
Because English is spoken by so many people worldwide, it really is an exciting time for the language. Just as American and British versions are always changing, so are versions 32 in Canada, 33 in Asia and elsewhere. At the same time, an entirely new version of English is appearing on the Internet with whole new 34 and writing styles. In a way, learning English is a never-ending process, even for native speakers! Language is as much a part of the earth as 35 its soil and water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.
21．A．gone over B．gone through C．gone into D．gone for
22．A．other B．unfamiliar C．strange D．foreign
23．A．invaded B．seized C．took over D．captured
24．A．few B．some C．further D．more
25．A．Pronunciation B．Grammar C．Speaking D．Present
26．A．speed B．pace C．velocity D．way
27．A．Russian B．Vietnamese C．Latin D．Korean
28．A．to name a few B．not at all C．in all D．after all
29．A．vegetable B．fruit C．meat D．food
30．A．appears B．leaves C．escapes D．quits
31．A．except B．merely C．besides D．already
32．A．used B．written C．spoken D．seen
33．A．Nigeria B．Singapore C．Rome D．Jamaica
34．A．slang B．jargon C．image D．vernacular
35．A．are B．is C．do D．has
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Young Chinese are fighting against society through a simple act of resistance: lying down. Examples of the “tangping”, or “lying flat”, way of life 36 (include) not getting married, not having children, and refusing to work extra hours or to hold a job at all. “I stay at home and sleep and watch television series.” said Zhang, who described herself as “lying flat” for the last two weeks 37 leaving her job in the film industry in Wuxi.
“Tangping” 38 (emerge) over the last few months. Some compare them to the 1950s Beat Generation in the United States. 39 (other) call their behavior a form of nonviolent resistance. “People realize there is no upward mobility,” said Yicheng Wang, a PhD student in political science at Boston University. The term developed after 40 April post on the Tieba forum, whose author, unemployed for the last two years, described a low-effort, low-cost lifestyle consisting of just a few months’ work out of the year.
“Lying flat is my movement,” he 41 (write), referring to the Greek philosopher Diogenes, who was known for living in a large container. He posted a picture of himself lying in bed in the middle of the day with the curtains 42 (draw).
But as “tangping” gained 43 (popular), it also brought a level of dishonor. Nanfang Daily called the philosophy “shameful”. Global Times made light of it describing “lying flat” as “not a serious philosophy”.
For Zhang in Wuxi, lying flat is not about giving up or withdrawing from society. “Many people want to lie down because 996 is too 44 (tire), ” she said, referring to the constant hours common in tech industry, 45 the staff are expected to work from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. , six days a week. The philosophy is also about giving oneself a break.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
请根据所给标题(How I Benefit from English Reading)完成你们英语老师布置的英语作文，内容包括：
1．你有哪些收益(至少三点)；
2．你的倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How I Benefit from English Reading
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When our youngest sister was born, my little brother Tom was six and I was eight. I had always been the “Big Sister” and he had always been “The Baby”.
Our sister’s arrival was a complete surprise to both of us. In those days no one worried much about sibling rivalry (兄弟姐妹间的较劲), and no “experts” told us how to deal with another child in the house. We had wise and loving grandpa and mom, however.
I was excited about the baby and loved to hold her and help care for her. Tom’s feelings were quite different! He just looked at her and left, preferring to spend the evening in his room. When I went to his room to talk to him and try to get him to play games with me, he just looked away. “Why did they have to get that baby ” Tom asked.
Later that night, Grandpa came over to see the new baby. As he held her, he said to Tom, “You know, she’s a lot like the baby lamb I’m raising on the bottle. I have to take care of her and feed her often, just the way your mom does with the baby.” Tom said, “I’d rather have the lamb.”
Grandpa heard and said, “Well, if you’d rather have a lamb, maybe we could trade your little sister for it. I’ll give you a day to think it over, and if you still want to trade tomorrow, we’ll do it.” I thought I saw him wink at Mom, but I knew I must have been mistaken because Grandpa never winked at anyone.
After Grandpa left, Mom read to Tom for a long while. Tom kept looking at the baby, and Mom asked him to hold our little sister while she went to the bathroom. When Mom came back. Tom was gently touching the baby’s smooth black hair, and as he held her hand, she took hold of his finger.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Mom, look! She’s holding my hand!” Tom smiled.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“She’s a day older now. I think she’s worth five lambs now,” Tom said.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024年高考英语第三次模拟考试
高三英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cultural Websites
Ancient Greece
This is a guide with rich information and pictures to Ancient Greece, covering art, architecture, politics, Olympics, geography, history and other topics. The photo gallery with bird’s-eye images of Greek art is of note. Contents include maps, biographies and related links, though little in the way of engaging multimedia. The website last updated in 2008, and some links are broken.
Getty
Getty, an online museum, focuses on the visual arts and serves both general audiences and specialized professionals. Its Research Library is accessible to both on-site and far-away users. The Explore Art part permits you to look through many of the works of art on show. You can also view present or past exhibitions. There are also topics for discussion on many sides of art and art history.
Library of Congress
The website contains main source materials connecting to the history and culture of the United States. It offers more than 7 million digital artworks from more than 100 historical collections. You can select collections to search and explore teaching and learning ideas with American memory.
Internet History Sourcebooks Project
The website is wonderful collections of public area and copy-permitted historical texts for educational use. With pages designed specifically to help teachers and students, it contains hundreds of well-organized sources and also includes links to visual and hearing materials, as art and archeology play an important role in the study of ancient history.
1．How is Ancient Greece different from other websites
A．It covers art. B．Its renewal is suspended.
C．Its topics include history. D．It contains historical culture.
2．What can visitors do in the Explore Art part of Getty
A．View artworks on display. B．Purchase art pieces online.
C．Serve the Research Library. D．Join the scientific discussion.
3．What do the last two websites have in common
A．They focus on ancient science. B．They provide teaching materials.
C．They deal with American issues. D．They have several hundred pages.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个与文化有关的网站。
1．细节理解题。根据Ancient Greece部分中的“The website last updated in 2008, and some links are broken.(该网站上次更新于 2008 年，部分链接已损坏)”可知，Ancient Greece与其他网站不同的是，它暂停更新了，最近一次更新是在2008年，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Getty部分中的“The Explore Art part permits you to look through many of the works of art on show. (“探索艺术”部分允许你浏览许多展出的艺术作品。)”可知，参观者可以在the Explore Art part of Getty上浏览展出的艺术品，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Library of Congress部分中的“The website contains main source materials connecting to the history and culture of the United States. (该网站包含与美国历史和文化相关的主要来源材料)”和Internet History Sourcebooks Project部分中的“With pages designed specifically to help teachers and students, it contains hundreds of well-organized sources and also includes links to visual and hearing materials, as art and archeology play an important role in the study of ancient history. (页面专门为帮助教师和学生而设计，包含数百个组织良好的资源，还包括视觉和听觉材料的链接，如艺术和考古学在古代历史研究中发挥着重要作用。)”可知，最后两个网站的共同之处在于它们都提供教学资料，故选B。
B
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him — an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realized that my biggest obstacle (障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.
4．Why did Alice feel anxious
A．She behaved badly. B．She used to over-consume.
C．She was short of inspiration. D．She was in pursuit of perfection.
5．Where did Alice first contact Brown
A．At a presentation. B．At a dinner.
C．At a conference. D．At a journey.
6．What effect did activities of protecting nature bring Alice
A．Making her confident. B．Making her imaginative.
C．Motivating her creativity. D．Strengthening her wisdom.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Action is the only way to knowledge. B．Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C．Believe in yourself and take action. D．Facts speak louder than words.
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从一个被焦虑困扰、对自己能力产生怀疑的状态，到通过参加一次野生动物保护主义者的演讲而激发出自己的内在动力，并最终加入保护自然的团队，实现了自我成长和自信心的提升。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是造成这种情况的主要根源我想在我做的任何事情上都做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我)”可知，Alice感到焦虑的原因是自己总是追求完美。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him — an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.(我和他一起参加了一个演讲前的晚宴，这个较小的环境让我慢慢地鼓起勇气和他一对一地交谈——这似乎是完全不可能的。我的故事就是从这第一次接触开始的)”可知，Alice和Brown先生的第一次接触是在晚宴上。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(在我收到他的邀请后不久，加入青年自然和青年地球团体的申请在我的高中四处发送。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人团队的一员，他们致力于保护自然。每迈出一步，我的信心都在不断增长)”可知，随着Alice参加保护自然的活动，Alice变得越来越自信。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realized that my biggest obstacle (障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.(我写这篇文章的六个月前，我开始了我的旅程，我意识到我最大的障碍一直是我自己。我脑后的那个声音告诉我，有一句话阻止了很多人发挥他们的潜力：我做不到。俗话说，等待的人会有好事；我说：用你所拥有的一切抓住每一个机会，耐心等待。毕竟，大自然需要的不是我们的耐心，而是我们的行动)”可推知，Alice认为成功的秘诀在于相信自己并且采取行动。故选C。
C
It’s a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite erosion (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
The team is devoted to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site, the construction of which spans about a thousand years, from the 4th century to the 14th century. The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road. “Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy.
Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking, as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves, and the deposition of salts. To restore a mural requires an all-rounder. Restorers should know painting, master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward.
The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them. When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration. “Cultural relics are witnesses of history,” explains Su. “When you pursue the so-called intact (完好无损的) look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.”
Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems. “It needs a long-term research to better preserve the caves, over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible.
8．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A．To show the popularity of Dunhuang murals.
B．To explain the history of the ancient Silk Road.
C．To stress the significance of the restoration work.
D．To present the ways of protecting cultural heritage.
9．Which of the following best describes the restoration work
A．Demanding. B．Well-paid. C．Interesting. D．Creative.
10．What should restoring murals focus on according to paragraph 4
A．Spotting the faded murals in time.
B．Fixing the missing parts of murals.
C．Maintaining the current look of murals.
D．Repainting to perfect the appearance of murals.
11．Which can be the best title for the text
A．The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings
B．The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves
C．The Successful Experiment on Cave Conservation
D．The Role of the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是敦煌莫高窟壁画的修复工作及其意义。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The team is devoted to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site, the construction of which spans about a thousand years, from the 4th century to the 14th century. The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road. “Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy.(该团队致力于保护莫高窟735个洞穴中的45,000平方米的壁画和2,400多个彩绘雕塑。从4世纪到14世纪，这些洞穴的建造跨越了大约一千年。这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文化交流的产物。敦煌研究院的院长苏伯民表示，他们的工作——修复壁画和彩塑，是为了更好地保护洞穴，弘扬敦煌伟大的“包容”精神，并激励现代人)”可知，该团队致力于保护莫高窟735个洞穴中的45,000平方米的壁画和2,400多个彩绘雕塑，因为这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文化交流的产物，所以研究人员们表示，他们的工作是为了更好地保护洞穴，弘扬敦煌伟大的“包容”精神，并激励现代人。由此推知，本段目的在于强调修复工作的重要性。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“To restore a mural requires an all-rounder. Restorers should know painting, master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward. (修复壁画需要全能型选手。修复师应当懂得绘画，掌握石匠的技能，并具备一定的化学和物理知识，能够识别问题及其相应的原因，并提供解决方案。他们还必须选择合适的材料和工具，并进行实验，然后正式进行修复和评估效果)”可知，修复壁画需要全能型选手。由此推知，修复工作要求很高。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段 “The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them. When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration. “Cultural relics are witnesses of history,”explains Su.“When you pursue the so-called intact(完好无损的)look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.(修复工作应尊重原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新绘制壁画。当修复者发现壁画的某些部分残缺或褪色时，他们不会为了创造一个“完美”的修复外观而重新绘制。苏伯民表示，文物是历史的见证，当出于艺术原因而追求所谓的完美时，将会失去其关键意义)”可知，修复工作应尊重原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新绘制壁画。当修复者发现壁画的某些部分残缺或褪色时，他们不会为了创造一个“完美”的修复外观而重新绘制，由此可知，修复壁画应注意保持壁画的现状。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。文章第一段“It’s a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite erosion(侵蚀)by sand and wind.(这是一场与时间的赛跑，尽管受到风沙侵蚀，敦煌研究院的几代文化遗产保护人员仍在努力保护莫高窟的艺术魅力。莫高窟被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”提出保护莫高窟文化的话题，文章第二段至第四段主要讲述壁画修复师的工作内容及其意义，文章最后一段“Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems. “It needs a long-term research to better preserve the caves, over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible.(洞穴保护就是不断地解决问题。苏说：“为了更好地保护这些洞穴，需要进行长期的研究，研究的时间跨度要比我们的有生之年长得多。”但至少，他们可以尽可能长时间地保持壁画的现状)”可知，本文主要围绕着敦煌莫高窟的壁画修复工作展开。由此可知，The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。
D
Rosalind Franklin, one of the most outstanding female scientists of the 20th century, was a remarkable British chemist and X-ray crystallographer (晶体学家). She made a great contribution to the discovery of the structure of DNA, which led to a revolution in modern biology and genetics (遗传学).
Born in London in 1920, Rosalind grew up in a family of scientists and mathematicians. She received her undergraduate degree in physical chemistry from the University of Cambridge and pursued her postgraduate degree in physical chemistry. at King’s College London. It was during this time that she developed a keen interest in DNA structure, which she explored through X-ray crystallography.
Rosalind’s contribution to the discovery of DNA structure was very important. Working alongside other scientists at the Medical Research Council in Cambridge, she used her skills in X-ray crystallography to produce high-resolution images of DNA molecules. Her images helped reveal the crucial helical (螺旋) structure of DNA, which was groundbreaking in the field of genetics.
Despite her achievements, Rosalind’s role in the discovery of DNA structure was not always acknowledged. She faced discrimination and sexism within the scientific community and was often overlooked for credit and recognition for her work.
James Watson and Francis Crick announced the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA in 1953, which they attributed to Rosalind and another scientist, Maurice Wilkins. However, it wasn’t until years later that Rosalind’s contribution was fully recognized.
Rosalind’s legacy continues to inspire scientists and researchers worldwide today. Her story serves as a reminder of the importance of determination, hard work, and a willingness to take risks in pursuit of scientific advancement. Despite the challenges she faced, Rosalind persevered and made a significant impact in the field of chemistry. Her contributions to the scientific community will always be remembered, and she will remain an inspiration to generations of future scientists.
12．What can we know about Rosalind’s upbringing from the first two paragraphs
A．She had a strong interest in science. B．She came from a extremely rich family.
C．She was born in King’s College London D．She got her postgraduate degree in Cambridge.
13．What was Rosalind Franklin’s contribution to the discovery of DNA structure
A．Discovering the double helix structure.
B．Conducting X-ray crystallography analysis.
C．Overcoming the discrimination and sexism.
D．Pursuing a postgraduate degree in chemistry.
14．What does the underlined word “discrimination” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Praise. B．Support. C．Neglect. D．Prejudice
15．What does Franklin’s story tell us
A．The value of determination, hard work, and risk-taking.
B．The importance of DNA structure in biology and genetics.
C．The challenges faced by female scientists in the 20th century.
D．The significance of X-ray crystallography in scientific research.
【答案】12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗莎琳德·富兰克林的突出贡献和对人们的启迪。
12．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Rosalind Franklin, one of the most outstanding female scientists of the 20th century, was a remarkable British chemist and X-ray crystallographer (晶体学家). She made a great contribution to the discovery of the structure of DNA, which led to a revolution in modern biology and genetics (遗传学). (罗莎琳德·富兰克林是20世纪最杰出的女科学家之一，她是一位杰出的英国化学家和x射线晶体学家。她对DNA结构的发现做出了巨大贡献，这导致了现代生物学和遗传学的革命。)”和第二段“Born in London in 1920, Rosalind grew up in a family of scientists and mathematicians. She received her undergraduate degree in physical chemistry from the University of Cambridge and pursued her postgraduate degree in physical chemistry. at King’s College London. It was during this time that she developed a keen interest in DNA structure, which she explored through X-ray crystallography. (罗莎琳德1920年出生于伦敦，成长于一个科学家和数学家的家庭。她在剑桥大学获得物理化学学士学位，并攻读物理化学硕士学位。在伦敦国王学院。正是在这段时间里，她对DNA结构产生了浓厚的兴趣，并通过x射线晶体学进行了探索。)”可知，罗莎琳德对科学有浓厚的兴趣。故选A。
13．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Rosalind’s contribution to the discovery of DNA structure was very important. Working alongside other scientists at the Medical Research Council in Cambridge, she used her skills in X-ray crystallography to produce high-resolution images of DNA molecules. Her images helped reveal the crucial helical (螺旋) structure of DNA, which was groundbreaking in the field of genetics. (罗莎琳德对发现DNA结构的贡献是非常重要的。她与剑桥医学研究委员会的其他科学家一起工作，利用她在x射线晶体学方面的技能制作了DNA分子的高分辨率图像。她的图像帮助揭示了DNA的关键螺旋结构，这在遗传学领域是开创性的。)”可知，罗莎琳德·富兰克林进行X射线晶体学分析，有助于对DNA结构的发现。故选B。
14．词句猜测题。由文章第四段中“Despite her achievements, Rosalind’s role in the discovery of DNA structure was not always acknowledged. (尽管她取得了成就，但罗莎琳德在发现DNA结构方面的作用并不总是得到承认。)”和“sexism (性别歧视)”可知，她在科学界面临歧视和性别歧视，划线词的意思为“歧视，偏见”。A. Praise赞美；B. Support支持；C. Neglect忽视；D. Prejudice偏见。故选D。
15．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Rosalind’s legacy continues to inspire scientists and researchers worldwide today. Her story serves as a reminder of the importance of determination, hard work, and a willingness to take risks in pursuit of scientific advancement. Despite the challenges she faced, Rosalind persevered and made a significant impact in the field of chemistry. Her contributions to the scientific community will always be remembered, and she will remain an inspiration to generations of future scientists. (罗莎琳德的遗产今天继续激励着全世界的科学家和研究人员。她的故事提醒我们，在追求科学进步的过程中，决心、努力工作和愿意冒险的重要性。尽管面临挑战，罗莎琳德坚持不懈，并在化学领域产生了重大影响。她对科学界的贡献将永远被铭记，她将继续激励未来几代科学家。)”可知，富兰克林的故事告诉我们决心、努力工作和冒险的价值。故选A。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Worried about the climate 16 . Here are some examples to get you started.
Count the birds and the bees
Get closer to nature by becoming a citizen scientist. You could be counting birds in your garden, butterflies, insects and flowers, or even reptiles and hedgehogs. 17 . It’s a fun group activity, and your data can help scientists better understand the impact of human behaviour on natural habitats.
18
Media headlines can be alarming when it comes to the climate and nature crisis or ignoring the issues completely. Hosting a local discussion can allow space for reflection, debate, ideas and collaboration (合作) to take action on global issues at a local level.
Set up a library of things
Internet shopping has made it too easy to buy new stuff at the click of a button. 19 First, it’ll clutter (凌乱地塞满) your house，then it’ll clutter the planet. Setting up a library of things can encourage local people to share everything from tools to instruments, cooking gadgets to toys.
Start a climate emergency centre
20 . That’s why more and more climate emergency centres are popping up in derelict (废弃地) shops on high streets and in shopping centres. A climate emergency centre can be a space for events such as an exhibition on plastic waste or a workshop to learn how to make eco-cleaning products. It can also be a way to motivate more people to take action.
A．Cooperate with your locals
B．But where is it all going to end up
C．Host a climate and nature discussion
D．But how have we consumed the things
E．The climate and nature crisis isn’t going away
F．There are lots of citizen science projects to take part in
G．Small local actions with neighbors, local businesses and politicians can make a difference
【答案】16．G 17．F 18．C 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了个人可以采取的行动来应对气候变化和保护环境的例子，包括参与公民科学项目、举办关于气候和自然问题的当地讨论、建立共享物品的图书馆，以及建立气候紧急中心以提高意识并激发行动。
16．根据空前“Worried about the climate (担心气候吗？)”及空后“Here are some examples to get you started. (这里有一些例子可以帮助你开始。)”可推出，空处应该与解决上文的问题有关，G项“Small local actions with neighbors, local businesses and politicians can make a difference (当地与邻居、当地企业和政治家的小行动可以带来改变)”承上启下，下文顺接G项，文章也将会从当地与邻居、当地企业和政治家的角度展开陈述解决办法，上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。
17．根据上文“Get closer to nature by becoming a citizen scientist. You could be counting birds in your garden, butterflies, insects and flowers, or even reptiles and hedgehogs. (通过成为一名公民科学家来接近自然。你可以数花园里的鸟、蝴蝶、昆虫和鲜花，甚至是爬行动物和刺猬。)”，下文“It’s a fun group activity, and your data can help scientists better understand the impact of human behaviour on natural habitats. (这是一个有趣的小组活动，你的数据可以帮助科学家更好地理解人类行为对自然栖息地的影响。)”可知，作为居民，成为公民科学家，通过观察花园里的各种动植物来帮助积累数据，帮助科学家更好地解决问题，F项“There are lots of citizen science projects to take part in (有很多公民科学项目可以参与)”，句中citizen science projects与上文的a citizen scientist呼应，话题一致，projects则指代上文的counting birds in your garden, butterflies, insects and flowers, or even reptiles and hedgehogs，上下文衔接连贯，故选F项。
18．根据下文“Hosting a local discussion can allow space for reflection, debate, ideas and collaboration (合作) to take action on global issues at a local level. (举办地方讨论可以为反思、辩论、想法和合作提供空间，以便在地方一级就全球问题采取行动。)”可知，本段主要介绍了举办有关气候问题的社区讨论来警示人们，题型人们关注气候自然危机并采取行动，C项“Host a climate and nature discussion (主持一场气候和自然的讨论)”可以概括本段主旨，Hosting a local discussion为复现词，上下文话题一致。故选C项。
19．根据上文“Internet shopping has made it too easy to buy new stuff at the click of a button. (网上购物使得点击一个按钮就能买到新东西变得太容易了。)”，下文“First, it’ll clutter (凌乱地塞满) your house, then it’ll clutter the planet. Setting up a library of things can encourage local people to share everything from tools to instruments, cooking gadgets to toys. (首先，它会凌乱地塞满你的房子，然后它会塞满地球。建立一个物品图书馆可以鼓励当地人分享一切，从工具到仪器，从烹饪用具到玩具。)”可知，网购很容易，网购的东西，从工具到仪器，从烹饪用具到玩具，太多了，可以分享给他人，由此推出，空处应该谈及太多网购东西的处置，故B项“But where is it all going to end up (但这一切会在哪里结束呢)”，与下文share everything from tools to instruments, cooking gadgets to toys呼应，上下文衔接连贯，故选B项。
20．根据下文“That’s why more and more climate emergency centres are popping up in derelict (废弃地) shops on high streets and in shopping centres. (这就是为什么越来越多的气候应急中心出现在商业街和购物中心的废弃商店里。)”可知，设空处为导致越来越多的气候应急中心出现的原因。E项“The climate and nature crisis isn’t going away (气候和自然危机并没有消失)”，与下文为因果关系，上下文衔接连贯。故选E项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One of the interesting things about languages is the way they change over time. In English, everything from spelling to vocabulary has 21 major changes over the years. In fact, to a modern speaker, the English of 1000 years ago looks like a 22 language!
The history of English dates back around 1500 years. At that time, groups of Europeans 23 England, bringing their language with them. It developed into old English. Later in 1066, English was invaded by the Normans from France. The language went through an important shift leading to what we now call Middle English. Over the next 500 years, the language underwent 24 shifts, leading to modern English. As the language has developed over time, many things about it have changed.
25 is one of the most obvious areas. For example, in old English, people say “hus” and “mus”. Now, we say “house” and “mouse”. These days there are many differences in the way English is pronounced in the U.S., India and elsewhere. When people live in groups separated by great distances, the 26 of change can be fast.
Vocabulary changes happen even more quickly. English has grown by borrowing words from languages such as French, Greek and 27 , 28 . This often happens with types of 29 , for example, “tofu”. Then there is slang which enters and 30 the language every year! Thirty years ago, one often heard people saying “groovy”, meaning great. These days you rarely hear the word 31 on old TV shows or movies.
Because English is spoken by so many people worldwide, it really is an exciting time for the language. Just as American and British versions are always changing, so are versions 32 in Canada, 33 in Asia and elsewhere. At the same time, an entirely new version of English is appearing on the Internet with whole new 34 and writing styles. In a way, learning English is a never-ending process, even for native speakers! Language is as much a part of the earth as 35 its soil and water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.
21．A．gone over B．gone through C．gone into D．gone for
22．A．other B．unfamiliar C．strange D．foreign
23．A．invaded B．seized C．took over D．captured
24．A．few B．some C．further D．more
25．A．Pronunciation B．Grammar C．Speaking D．Present
26．A．speed B．pace C．velocity D．way
27．A．Russian B．Vietnamese C．Latin D．Korean
28．A．to name a few B．not at all C．in all D．after all
29．A．vegetable B．fruit C．meat D．food
30．A．appears B．leaves C．escapes D．quits
31．A．except B．merely C．besides D．already
32．A．used B．written C．spoken D．seen
33．A．Nigeria B．Singapore C．Rome D．Jamaica
34．A．slang B．jargon C．image D．vernacular
35．A．are B．is C．do D．has
【答案】
21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英语的发展和演变。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在英语中，从拼写到词汇，这些年来都经历了重大的变化。A. gone over复习；B. gone through经历；C. gone into进入；D. gone for追求。根据后文“major changes over the years”可知，英语从拼写到词汇都经历了重大的变化。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，对于一个现代人来说，1000年前的英语看起来就像一门外语!A. other其他的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. strange奇怪的；D. foreign外国的。根据前文“In English, everything from spelling to vocabulary has ____1____major changes over the years.”可以，英语经历了重大变化，所以1000年前的英语对现代人来说就像外语一样。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，成群的欧洲人入侵英国，带来了他们的语言。A. invaded侵略；B. seized抓住；C. took over接管；D. captured俘获。根据后文“bringing their language with them”及历史事实可知，欧洲人入侵英国，带来了他们的语言。故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的500年里，这种语言经历了进一步的变化，导致了现代英语。A. few更少的；B. some一些；C. further进一步的；D. more更多的。根据前文“It developed into old English.”及“Middle English”及后文“modern English”可知，英语经过进一步的变化，导致了现代英语。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：发音是最明显的一个方面。A. Pronunciation发音；B. Grammar语法；C. Speaking口语；D. Present现在。根据后文“in old English, people say “hus” and “mus”. Now, we say “house” and “mouse”. ”可知，英语的发音出现了明显的变化。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们生活在相距遥远的群体中时，变化的速度可能很快。A. speed速度；B. pace节奏，速度；C. velocity速率；D. way方式。根据后文“can be fast”可知，当人们生活在相距遥远的群体中时，语言变化的速度会很快。speed一般指人或物移动的速度，pace可以表示工作或事情进展的速度，根据句意可知，此处表示语言变化的速度。故选B项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：英语是通过借用法语、希腊语和拉丁语等语言的词汇而发展起来的。A. Russian俄语；B. Vietnamese越南语；C. Latin拉丁语；D. Korean韩语。根据前文“English has grown by borrowing words from languages such as French, Greek and”及历史事实可知，英语主要借用了法语，希腊语和拉丁语的词汇。故选C项。
28．考查固定短语辨析。句意：仅举几例，英语是通过借用法语、希腊语和拉丁语等语言的词汇而发展起来的。A. to name a few仅举几例；B. not at all一点也不；C. in all总计；D. after all毕竟，终究。根据前文“English has grown by borrowing words from languages such as”可知，英语借用了许多语言的词汇，此处仅举几例。故选A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种情况经常发生在不同的食物上，比如“豆腐”。A. vegetable蔬菜；B. fruit水果；C. meat肉；D. food食物。根据后文“or example, “tofu””可知，词汇借用通常出现在食物方面。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：还有俚语，每年都有俚语进入和退出语言系统!A. appears出现；B. leaves离开；C. escapes逃离；D. quits辞职。根据前文“which enters and”可知，每年都有新的俚语进入语言系统，也会有过时的俚语退出语言系统。故选B项。
31．考查介词和副词词义辨析。句意：如今，除了在老电视节目或电影中，你很少听到这个词。A. except除了；B. merely仅仅；C. besides此外；D. already已经。根据前文“you rarely hear the word”及后文“on old TV shows or movies”可知，除了在老电视节目或电影中，已经很少听到这个词了。故选A项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像美式口语和英式口语总是在变化一样，加拿大、亚洲新加坡和其他地方说的英语也在变化。A. used被使用的；B. written书面的；C. spoken口头的；D. seen被看见的。根据前文“English is spoken by so many people worldwide”及“American and British versions are always changing”可知，此处指英语口语一直在变化。故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像美式口语和英式口语总是在变化一样，加拿大、亚洲的新加坡和其他地方说的英语也在变化。A. Nigeria尼日利亚；B. Singapore新加坡；C. Rome罗马；D. Jamaica牙买加。根据后文“in Asia”可知，只有新加坡在亚洲。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，一个全新版本的英语出现在互联网上，带有全新的俚语和写作风格。A. slang俚语；B. jargon行话，术语；C. image图像；D. vernacular方言。根据前文“an entirely new version of English is appearing on the Internet”及后文“and writing styles”并结合实际情况可知，一种新的英语形式出现在互联网上，带有全新的俚语和写作风格。故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：语言是地球的一部分，就像地球的土壤和湖泊、河流和海洋的水一样。A. are是，be动词一般现在时复数形式；B. is是，be动词一般现在时单数形式；C. do做，干；D. has有。根据前文“as much a part of the earth as”可知，as much...as表示“和……一样，正如”，后一个as引导的是一个主谓语倒装的比较从句，根据主句的结构可知，比较从句中的谓语应该是be动词，从句中的主语是“its soil and water of its lakes, rivers and oceans”故谓语就用复数形式。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Young Chinese are fighting against society through a simple act of resistance: lying down. Examples of the “tangping”, or “lying flat”, way of life 36 (include) not getting married, not having children, and refusing to work extra hours or to hold a job at all. “I stay at home and sleep and watch television series.” said Zhang, who described herself as “lying flat” for the last two weeks 37 leaving her job in the film industry in Wuxi.
“Tangping” 38 (emerge) over the last few months. Some compare them to the 1950s Beat Generation in the United States. 39 (other) call their behavior a form of nonviolent resistance. “People realize there is no upward mobility,” said Yicheng Wang, a PhD student in political science at Boston University. The term developed after 40 April post on the Tieba forum, whose author, unemployed for the last two years, described a low-effort, low-cost lifestyle consisting of just a few months’ work out of the year.
“Lying flat is my movement,” he 41 (write), referring to the Greek philosopher Diogenes, who was known for living in a large container. He posted a picture of himself lying in bed in the middle of the day with the curtains 42 (draw).
But as “tangping” gained 43 (popular), it also brought a level of dishonor. Nanfang Daily called the philosophy “shameful”. Global Times made light of it describing “lying flat” as “not a serious philosophy”.
For Zhang in Wuxi, lying flat is not about giving up or withdrawing from society. “Many people want to lie down because 996 is too 44 (tire), ” she said, referring to the constant hours common in tech industry, 45 the staff are expected to work from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. , six days a week. The philosophy is also about giving oneself a break.
【答案】
36．include 37．after 38．has emerged 39．Others 40．an 41．wrote 42．drawn 43．popularity 44．tiring 45．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种社会现象——中国年轻人通过“躺平”的生活方式对抗生活压力。
36．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“躺平”生活方式的例子包括不结婚、不生孩子、拒绝加班或根本不工作。include做谓语动词，陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Examples复数，谓语复数形式。故填include。
37．考查介词。句意：“我呆在家里睡觉，看电视连续剧。”张女士说，她辞去无锡电影业的工作之后，两周都处于“躺平”状态。介词after (在……之后)符合句意。故填after。
38．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“躺平”在过去几个月出现了。emerge做谓语动词，由时间状语over the last few months可知用现在完成时，主动语态，主语“Tangping”单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emerged。
39．考查代词。句意：其他人称他们的行为是非暴力抵抗的一种形式。some...others...(一些人……另一些人……)，首字母大写。故填Others。
40．考查冠词。句意：这个词是在4月份贴吧论坛上的一篇帖子后发展而来的，该文章的作者在过去两年中失业，描述了一种低努力、低成本、一年中只有几个月的工作的生活方式。此处泛指“一篇4月份的帖子”，April以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
41．考查时态。句意：“躺平是我的运动，”他写道，提及以睡在大箱子里而闻名的希腊哲学家第欧根尼。事情发生在过去，谓语动词write用一般过去时。故填wrote。
42．考查过去分词。句意：他贴了一张自己中午拉着窗帘躺在床上的照片。with复合结构，逻辑主语the curtains和非谓语动词draw是被动关系，draw用过去分词做宾补。故填drawn。
43．考查名词。句意：但随着“躺平”越来越受欢迎，它也带来了一定程度的耻辱。抽象名词popularity做宾语。故填popularity。
44．考查形容词。句意：她说，“很多人想躺平，因为996太累了”，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。主语996是物，用修饰形容物的-ing形容词tiring作表语。故填tiring。
45．考查定语从句。句意：她说，“很多人想躺平，因为996太累了”，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是tech industry，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
请根据所给标题(How I Benefit from English Reading)完成你们英语老师布置的英语作文，内容包括：
1．你有哪些收益(至少三点)；
2．你的倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How I Benefit from English Reading
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
How I Benefit from English Reading
I have a great love for English reading and have benefited a lot from it. First of all, it broadens my mind. I have gained vast knowledge of how the world works through varieties of reading materials. Furthermore, by reading widely on different subjects,I experienced a rich cultural diversity. Certainly,reading is also beneficial to my language learning, increasing my vocabulary and allowing me to experience a living English language.
So keep on reading. The more you read, the more benefits you will enjoy.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以How I Benefit from English Reading为题写一篇英语作文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：gain → get
此外：furthermore → besides
肯定地：certainly → surely
继续：keep on → continue
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Furthermore, by reading widely on different subjects, I experienced a rich cultural diversity.
拓展句：Furthermore, it is by reading widely on different subjects that I experienced a rich cultural diversity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I have gained vast knowledge of how the world works through varieties of reading materials.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】The more you read, the more benefits you will enjoy.（运用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型）
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When our youngest sister was born, my little brother Tom was six and I was eight. I had always been the “Big Sister” and he had always been “The Baby”.
Our sister’s arrival was a complete surprise to both of us. In those days no one worried much about sibling rivalry (兄弟姐妹间的较劲), and no “experts” told us how to deal with another child in the house. We had wise and loving grandpa and mom, however.
I was excited about the baby and loved to hold her and help care for her. Tom’s feelings were quite different! He just looked at her and left, preferring to spend the evening in his room. When I went to his room to talk to him and try to get him to play games with me, he just looked away. “Why did they have to get that baby ” Tom asked.
Later that night, Grandpa came over to see the new baby. As he held her, he said to Tom, “You know, she’s a lot like the baby lamb I’m raising on the bottle. I have to take care of her and feed her often, just the way your mom does with the baby.” Tom said, “I’d rather have the lamb.”
Grandpa heard and said, “Well, if you’d rather have a lamb, maybe we could trade your little sister for it. I’ll give you a day to think it over, and if you still want to trade tomorrow, we’ll do it.” I thought I saw him wink at Mom, but I knew I must have been mistaken because Grandpa never winked at anyone.
After Grandpa left, Mom read to Tom for a long while. Tom kept looking at the baby, and Mom asked him to hold our little sister while she went to the bathroom. When Mom came back. Tom was gently touching the baby’s smooth black hair, and as he held her hand, she took hold of his finger.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Mom, look! She’s holding my hand!” Tom smiled.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“She’s a day older now. I think she’s worth five lambs now,” Tom said.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
“Mom, look! She’s holding my hand!” Tom smiled. “Sure, she knows you’re her brother,” Mom smiled. He held the baby for more minutes, and seemed much happier at bedtime. The next day, Tom and I spent much of the day watching the baby bathe, watching her sleep and holding her. That evening, when Grandpa came back and asked Tom whether he was ready to trade, Tom looked surprised that Grandpa had remembered the bargain. He began to worry that Grandpa would take our sister away.
She’s a day older now. I think she’s worth five lambs now, “Tom said. Grandpa looked shocked, and said he had to think it over, Anxious, Tom went to Mom’s room and held the baby for long. The next day, Grandpa visited us and told Tom he was preparing five lambs. Tom took a deep breath and said, “The baby is worth fifty lambs now!” Annoyed, Grandpa answered, “I can’t afford fifty lambs. I guess you’ll have to keep her and help your parents look after her.” Tom smiled, and this time I really did see Grandpa wink at Mom.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的最小的妹妹出生时，作者的弟弟汤姆六岁，作者八岁。作者能够照顾小妹妹，而汤姆对这个小妹妹却显示出了排斥。一天爷爷来看望小妹妹，汤姆对爷爷说“我宁愿要羔羊，也不要小妹妹”。爷爷听到后说:“好吧，如果你想要一只小羊羔，也许我们可以用你的小妹妹来换它。”我给你一天时间考虑，如果你明天还想交易，我们就交易。爷爷走后，妈妈让汤姆照顾他的小妹妹。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““妈妈，看!她握着我的手!”汤姆笑了。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆更愿意照顾小妹妹了，那天晚上，爷爷问起了交易的事情，汤姆很担心妹妹被带走。
②由第二段首句内容“她现在大了一天。我想她现在值五只羊羔了。”可知，第二段可描写汤姆与爷爷对交易的“讨价还价”，最终爷爷放弃了交易。
2.续写线索：爷爷问起了交易的事情——担心——讨价还价——小妹妹被留下
3.词汇激活
行为类
照顾：look after /take care of
微笑：smile/beam
担忧：worry /concern
帮助：help/assist
情绪类
惊讶的：surprised/astonished
快乐的：happier/more pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1] The next day, Tom and I spent much of the day watching the baby bathe, watching her sleep and holding her. (运用了现在分词作宾语补足语和状语)
[高分句型2] I guess you’ll have to keep her and help your parents look after her. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
