牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 2 Natural disasters背诵清单学案（含答案）

必修三 Unit2 Natural disasters 知识背诵清单
一、背重点单词
1.__________________n.灾难，灾害；彻底失败
2.__________________n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃vi.&vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃
3.__________________vi.&vt.发信号，示意；标志n.信号，暗号；信号灯
4.__________________vt.&vi.出去，离去，退场；退出n.出口，通道；离开
5.__________________n.名单；卷；一管；翻滚vi.&vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起
6.__________________vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
7.__________________vi.发生，出现；存在于
8.__________________n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊
9.__________________n.补给，补给品；供应vt.供应，供给，提供
10.__________________n.洪水，水灾；大量vi.&.vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入
11.__________________vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘
12.__________________n.目的地，终点
13.__________________adv.否则，不然；除此以外
14.__________________adv.在(或向)较远处prep.在(或向)更远处；超出
15.__________________n.&.wt.救援，营救，抢救
答案：1.disaster 2.crash 3.signal 4.exit 5.roll 6.hug7.occur 8.shock 9.supply 10.flood 11.unearth12.destination 13.otherwise 14.beyond 15.rescue
二、用核心词汇
1.injure v.伤害，使受伤；损害→______________adj.受伤的；受损害的→______________n.伤害；损害；受伤处
2.react vi.反应；作出反应→_______________n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
3.order n.顺序；规则→______________adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
4.confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→______________n.确认；证实
5.inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→_______________n.信息
6.scare vt.&vi.惊吓，害怕n.恐慌；惊吓→_______________adj.恐惧的；害怕的→___________adj.恐怖的；可怕的
7.power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→______________adj.强大的；有感染力的→_______________adj.无力的；没有能力的
8.donate v.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→______________n.捐赠；捐献→________________n.捐赠者
9.erupt vwi.&vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→______________n.(火山的)爆发；喷发
10.export n.出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出vt.出口，输出→____________n.进口产品，输入的产品；输入vt.进口，引进
11.ash n.灰→______________ adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的
12.bear v.忍受→___________adj.可忍受的；能应付的→_______________adj.难耐的，无法忍受的
13.distant adj.遥远的；冷淡的；疏远的→______________n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
14.sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→______________vt.削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利
15.retire vi.&vt.退休，退职→______________n.退休→______________adj.已退休的
答案：1.injured;injury 2.reaction 3.orderly 4.confirmation5.information 6.scared;scary 7.powerful;powerless
8.donation;donator 9.eruption 10.import 11.ashy12.bearable;unbearable 13.distance 14.sharpen;sharpener
15.retirement;retired
【语境活用】
1.He got______________during the football match and the ______________was serious.(injure)
2.I wanted to know how the students______________to my words as well as your_______________.(react)
3.After he came into ______________ ,he didn't feel he was______________.He even felt he was_____________when he couldn't protect his wife.(power)
4.We______________ money to the school every year. The_______________is given to those in need.They are grateful to the ______________.(donate)
5.The man is always ___________towards his neighbors,so his neighbors often keep him at a ___________.(distant)
6.The boy wants to buy a new pencil_____________to his pencil,because the previous one he has isn't ______________at all.(sharp)
答案：1.injured;injury 2.reacted;reaction3.power;powerful;powerless 4.donate;donation;donators
5.distant;distance 6.sharpener;sharpen;sharp
三、记高频词汇
1.injure vt.伤害，使受伤，损害；损坏(名誉);伤害(感情)
背词条用法 (1)get injured受伤 the injured伤员 (2)do sb./oneself an injury =do an injury to sb./oneself使某人/自己受伤害
背写作佳句 ①First aid is very essential in our life,especially when people suddenly fall ill or get injured. 在我们的生活中，急救非常重要，特别是在有人突发疾病或受伤的时候。 ②If you try and lift that heavy suitcase,you will do yourself an injury. 如果你试图提起那个沉重的手提箱，你会伤到自己的。
2.confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
背词条用法 confirm a theory/rumour证实一种理论/谣言 confirm sb.in the belief that ...使某人坚信…… confirm that …确定/证实…… It has been confirmed that ...已经确定/证实……
背写作佳句 ①(2021·浙江6月高考)Most of the students think highly of this exhibition,which confirms that it is a great chance to experience the charm of Chinese art. 大多数学生对这次展览评价很高，这证明这是一次体验中国艺术魅力的绝佳机会。 ②(2017·浙江6月高考)It has been confirmed that we will go to climb a mountain,where we can have a picnic. 已经确定我们将要去爬山，并在那里野餐。
3.occur vi.发生，出现；存在于
背词条用法 Sth.occurs/occurred to sb. 某事被某人想起 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that ...某人想起…… It occurs/occurred to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事
背写作佳句 ①It occurs to me that we can turn to our English teacher who is knowledgeable and ready to help. 我想到我们可以求助于我们的英语老师，他知识渊博，乐于助人。 ②It occurred to me to go to the grocery to grab something for dinner on the way home. 在回家的路上，我突然想起要去杂货店为晚餐买点东西。
4.inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知
背词条用法 inform sb.of sth.告知某人某事 inform sb.that ..通知某人…… inform sb.+疑问词+to do告知某人…… keep sb.informed(of sth.)使某人了解(某事)
背写作佳句 ①I apologized to you sincerely for not being able to inform you of the change in the plan. 我为没能通知你计划的改变，由衷地向你道歉。 ②(2021·全国乙卷)Online learning via the Internet always keeps us informed of the development of the latest technology in the world. 通过互联网进行网络学习总能让我们知晓世界上最新的科技发展。
5.shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊
背词条用法 (1)in shock震惊，吃惊 (2)be shocked at/by对……感到震惊
背写作佳句 ①He was still in shock from what had happened earlier in the afternoon. 他仍在为下午稍早所发生的事感到震惊。 ②When we went to the Poorest area of the country to support education,we were shocked at what we had seen there. 当我们去这个国家最贫穷的地区支教时，我们对在那里看到的景象感到震惊。
6.power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量
背词条用法 within one's power在某人能力/权力范围之内 beyond/out of one's power 某人力所不能及 be in power执政(强调状态) come to power开始掌权/执政(强调动作) have(the)power to do sth.有能力/权力做某事
背写作佳句 ①I'll do everything within my power to prepare well for the coming exhibition. 我将竭尽全力为即将到来的展览做好准备。 ②Though he has been in power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems. 虽然他已经执政两年了，但还没有找到解决国家经济问题的有效办法。
7.supply n.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备vt.供应，供给，提供
背词条用法 (1)be in short supply供应不足 a supply of/supplies of ..……的供应 (2)supply..with sth.=supply sth.to .向……提供某物
背写作佳句 ①As the Chinese market has great potential,the current situation is in short supply. 由于中国市场潜力巨大，目前的情况是供不应求。 ②(2020·浙江7月高考)Looking back on the process of studying with you,I will never forget the help you supplied to me. 回顾和你一起学 习的过程，我永远不会忘记你给我提供的帮助。
8.donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)
背词条用法 (1)donate ..to...把……捐赠给…… donate ...to do sth.捐赠……做某事 (2)make a donation to向……捐赠
背写作佳句 ①(2015·天律高考)To assist the students in learning Chinese better,our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class. 为了帮助学生更好地学习汉语，我们学校决定给你们的中文班捐赠一批图书。 ②I was inspired to make a donation to the charity immediately after the dinner.我很受鼓舞，晚宴一结束，我便为该慈善机构捐款。
四、短语再现
1.__________________整个，全部 2.__________________抓紧，不放开；保存某物
3.__________________同时 4.__________________如果；假使；以防，以防万一
5.__________________点名 6.__________________安然无恙的
7.__________________一系列 8.__________________被想到，浮现在脑中
9.__________________(在困境中)保持冷静 10.__________________提醒某人注意某事
11.__________________使某人宽慰的是 12.__________________用完，耗尽
13.__________________与……一起 14.__________________向四面八方
15.__________________呈现…的形状；采取…的形式 16.__________________突然开始，爆发
17.__________________在远处 18.__________________到处，各处
答案：1.at large 2.hold on to 3.at the same time 4.in case5.roll call 6.safe and sound 7.a series of 8.occur to
9.keep one's head 10.warn sb.of/about sth.11.to one's relief12.run out of 13.along with 14.in all directions
15.take the form of 16.break out 17.in the distance18.far and wide
短语活用
1.at large整个，全部
背相关短语 by and large大体上，总的说来 in large part在很大程度上 (as)large as life (表示惊讶地见到)本人，本身
背写作佳句 ①His new novel has been well received by the public at large. 他新创作的小说深受广大读者的欢迎。 ②Their success is due in large part to their determination. 他们的成功在很大程度上应归功于他们的决心。
2.run out of用完，耗尽
背相关短语 run out用完；用光 run across偶然遇到 run for竞选；匆匆去取 run into撞上；遇到；邂逅 run after追逐，追赶
背写作佳句 ①Facing the problem that precious natural resources may be run out of,on no account can we waste them. 面对宝贵的自然资源可能枯竭 的问题，我们决不能浪费资源。 ②I'd like to run for the vice president of the English club in our school. 我想竞选我校英语俱乐部的副会长。
3.break out突然开始，爆发
背相关短语 carry out实施；执行 check out结账后离开 drop out退出 leave out忽略；遗漏 put out扑灭；出版
背写作佳句 ①After the epidemic broke out,the whole country united together and overcame it. 疫情暴发后，全国人民团结在一起，战胜了疫情。 ②At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket,which broke out at ten this morning.消防队员终于把超市里的火扑灭了，这场火灾是今天上午十点发生的。
4.take the form of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
背相关短语 take form逐渐成形；渐渐发展 in any shape or form任何形式
背写作佳句 ①Our next class will take the form of a debate. 我们下一堂课将采用辩论的形式。 ②As plans took form in her mind,she realized the need for an assistant. 随着计划在脑海里逐渐成形，她意识到需要找一个助手。 ③I don't approve of violence in any shape or form. 我不赞成任何形式的暴力行为。
5.safe and sound安然无恙的
背相关短语 far and wide到处，各处 flesh and blood亲人，骨肉 ups and downs盛衰；沉浮 cut and dried固定的；已成定局的 fair and square正大光明的
背写作佳句 ①We were very delighted that he returned,safe and sound. 看到他平安归来，我们非常高兴。 ②They searched far and wide for the missing child. 他们四处搜寻这个失踪的小孩。
知识背诵检测
I.单词拼写
1.The researchers say they will carry out more studies to_______________ (确认)the results.
2.The soldiers were sent to the earthquake-stricken area immediately to_______________(营救)people who were trapped in the ruins.
3.You'd better make a mark where you bury the wine,________________ (否则),you may lose it.
4.What really worries us is whether the explorers can accurately________________(找出……的准确位置)themselves with the old device in case of the bad weather.
5.The flood last month in the south was a real_______________(灾难),leaving 19 people dead and 78 missing.
6.A doctor's task is to work for the_______________(减轻)of patients' suffering.
Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出加黑部分的汉语意思)
1.Since COVID-19 has largely been brought under control,people in that country return to their work in an orderly manner._______________
2.In an online class,developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important_______________
3.(熟词生义)Reading is an active learning experience that will keep your mind sharp._______________
4.(熟词生义)When the firm crashed,they assumed the deal would be cancelled._______________
5.(熟词生义)A wave of happiness flooded me,when receiving the amazing birthday present._______________
6.(熟词生义)A dark mass of clouds that suddenly erupted into a shower of lightning gathered over one village._______________
7.(熟词生义)The charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals._______________
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.They signalled to me_______________(join)them in playing games.
2.We are kept_______________(inform)of what is happening in the world by reading newspapersand watching TV
3.But after being cleaned,oiled and regulated,my watch slowed down to an_______________(bearable)degree.
4.They climbed to the top of the tower,from where they could see what was happening in the_______________(distant).
5.She is very pleased with the result of her blood test,for all tested items show negative_______________(react).
6.The earthquake which has big_______________(destroy)power is one of the common natural disasters.
7._______________(locate)where the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
IV.选词填空
at large, hold on to, roll call, keep your head, to one's great relief, keep away from, make a difference,
knock down, wash away, watch out for
1._______________ ,I passed the final exam.
2.We should_______________the cultural pollution closely for the time being.
3.Try to_______________ and just tell me what happened.
4.At last he accepted the opinion of the public________________.
5.Heavy rain would not only_______________the soil but would cause serious floods as well.
6.I told him how we had fought to_______________the company.
7.We'll have more space if we_______________the wall.
8.In order to_______________drugs,young people should be educated to realize that drugs can't be more harmful.
9.The athletes who will compete in the track events should go to the_______________20minutes before the race.
10.Even a few hours a month can_______________in someone's life.
V.关联词汇用准用活
1.用活——同义试试看(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇)
①He would not have got hurt if he had obeyed the traffic rule._______________
②I knocked on the door but there was no response._______________
③It is proved that the method has good applied value in teaching._______________
④The heart is situated roughly in the center of the chest cavity._______________
2.用准——易错对对碰
(1)run out VS run out of
①If we're not careful,we're going to_______________oil.
②Conditions are getting worse and supplies are_______________.
(2)take place VS break out
①On the early morning of yesterday,a big fire_______________in an office building.
②It has been confirmed that the meeting will_______________next week.
VI.完成句子
1._______________________________,here's my number.(in case)
万一你需要帮助，这是我的电话号码。
2.An hour's sport each day______________________________and wanting to go to bed early.(leave+宾语十宾语补足语)
每天一小时的运动让我筋疲力尽，只想早点上床休息。
3.When he returned home from Africa,he was very pleased to____________________________.(see+宾语十宾语补足语)
当他从非洲回来后，他很高兴看到自己的母亲得到了妥善的照顾。
4.Hundreds of people hurried to do voluntary work here______________________________.(the moment)
一得知这片区域发生了地震，成百上千的人都赶到这里来做志愿工作。
5.We thought that,_____________________________________________,we'd stop by and see them.(since)
我们想，既然到了这个地方，就该顺便去看看他们。
答案：I.1.confirm 2.rescue3.otherwise 4.locate 5.disaster6.relief
Ⅱ.1.有条理的 2.模式 3.灵敏的4.破产 5.涌上心头6.突然发生 7.为……配备职员
Ⅲ.1.to join 2.informed3.unbearable 4.distance5.reactions 6.destructive 7.Located
IV.1.To my great relief 2.watch out for3.keep your head4.at large5.wash away 6.hold on to7.knock down
8.keep away from 9.roll call10.make a difference
V.1.①injured ②reaction ③confirmed ④located
2.(1)①run out of ②running out (2)①broke out ②take place
VI.1.In case you should need any help2.left me tired out
3.see his mother taken good care of 4.the moment they knew about the earthquake in the area5.since we were in the area