课件187张PPT。Unit 1 Great scientists
Period One Warming Up & Reading?
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar?
Period Four Writing
单元总结提升 ?Unit 1 Great scientists Unit 1 │ Great scientists单元话题导入 Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history. An American university president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so on—but even ordinary men now understand that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.
Unit 1 │ Great scientists By 1914 young Einstein had been world-famous. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study, but soon his peace and quiet life were broken by World War I.
Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work. In the year following World War I honours were increasingly put on him. He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of TheoreticalUnit 1 │ Great scientistsPhysics. But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people. He was well known for his humble(谦逊的)manners. He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by others if he had never lived. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.
Unit 1 │ Great scientistsTask：Read the passage above and answer the following questions.
1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
______________________________________________________
2．When did he win the Nobel Prize?
______________________________________________________
3．In the years following the First World War, more and more ________ went to Einstein.
_____________________________________________________
4. From the third paragraph we can know that Albert Einstein is a (n) ________ man.
______________________________________________________Unit 1 │ Great scientists
[答案]
1. Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history.
2. In 1921.
3. honours
4. modestPeriod One Warming Up & ReadingPeriod OnePeriod One │ 三维目标Knowledge and skills
1. To know the meanings of the following new words and expressions：
characteristic n. 特征；特性
radium n. 镭
painter n. 画家；油漆匠
put forward 提出
scientific adj. 科学的
conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出三维目标conclusion n. 结论；结束
draw a conclusion 得出结论
analyse vt. 分析
defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 n. 失败
expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 n. 专家；行家
attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加
physician n. 医生；内科医师
expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光
expose…to使显露；暴露
cure n. 治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治疗
challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向……挑战Period One │ 三维目标victim n. 受害者
absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心
suspect vt. 认为；怀疑 n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
enquiry n. 询问
neighbourhood n. 附近；邻近
severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
pump n. 泵；抽水机 vt.(用泵)抽(水)
foresee vt. 预见；预知
blame vt. 责备；谴责 n. 过失；责备
pollute vt. 污染；弄脏
handle n. 柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵
link vt. & n. 连接；联系Period One │ 三维目标link…to… 将……和……联系或连接起来
announce vt. 宣布；通告
instruct vt. 命令；指示；教导
2. Help the students to learn how to describe people.
3. Develop the students' reading abilities.
Process and methods
1. Warming Up
In this section by doing the quiz teachers should let the
students know of some great scientists and their
achievements.Period One │ 三维目标2. Pre-reading
While dealing with this part, teachers had better collect some information about some infectious diseases and the ways of preventing them. At the same time, let the students learn about the stages in examining a new scientific idea.
3. Reading and Comprehending
In this part, teachers may first ask the students to read the text quickly to finish a multiple choice or get the main idea of the passage, and then let them read the text again to answer some detailed questions and discuss how the text is organized.Period One │ 三维目标 Emotion, attitude and value
1. Get the students to learn about great scientists' devotion
to their achievements.
2. Get the students to learn about some infectious diseases
and the ways of preventing them.Period One │ 三维目标Period One │ 重点难点[重点]
1. Have a good understanding of the text by doing exercises.
2. Get the students to learn different reading skills，especially guessing the meaning by reading and comprehending beyond lines.
[难点]
1. Know the meaning between and beyond lines.
2. Learn different reading skills for different purposes.重点难点Period One │ 教学建议1．In doing warming-up, help the students to learn about what a scientist is and learn some expressions about how to describe people.
2．During pre-reading，encourage the students to talk something about infectious diseases and remind them to live a healthy life.教学建议Period One │ 新课导入 [导入一]
Divide the students into groups of four and let them find what qualities a scientist should have. Each student can give one adjective, and then name a scientist who has such a quality. Then see which group can find the most.
For example：
Student 1: Careful—Copernicus
Student 2: Strong determination—Stephen Hawking
Student 3: Creative—Albert Einstein新课导入Period One │ 新课导入 [导入二]
Lead in by background introduction to John Snow.
John Snow (1813—1858) worked as a doctor in Great Britain. He was originally an anesthetist(麻醉师)．He became the doctor for Queen Victoria at the births of her last two children, which led to wider public acceptance.
Four outbreaks of cholera in the 1830s and 1840s killed many people in England. In 1854, the most terrible outbreak of cholera which ever occurred in the kingdom began. It was so violent and sudden that 127 people died in the first three days.
Period One │ 课前自主预习 课前自主预习Task One：Fast Reading
Ⅰ.The text mainly tells us about ________.
A. John Snow was a famous doctor and he had two theories about how cholera was spread
B. John Snow, a famous doctor, who tested the two theories, found the cause of cholera and how to control it
C. John Snow, as a famous doctor, warned people not to drink the polluted water
D. John Snow and his two famous theories about cholera were great
[答案] B
Ⅱ.Read the passage to find a topic sentence for each paragraph by filling in the blank.
Para. 1 What 1.________ cholera?
Para. 2 Which theory is 2.________？
Para. 3 3._____________on those who fell ill or died and where they lived.
Para. 4 Plot information on a map to find out
4._____________________________________.
Para. 5 Find out where they got their water. Analyse the water to see 5._______________________________________.
Para. 6 Find other 6.________to support the analysis.
Para. 7 It was certain that 7.______________carried the disease. Period One │ 课前自主预习 causescorrect Collect datawhere people died or didn't die if it is the cause of the deaths evidence polluted waterTask Two：Careful Reading
Ⅰ.Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F)．
1. Cholera would never be controlled even if its cause was found.( )
2. The disease attacked the body quickly from the stomach and soon the affected person died. ( )
3. John Snow began to collect the information before the disease spread. ( )
4. In two particular streets, over 500 people died in 10 days when another outbreak hit London in 1854. ( )Period One │ 课前自主预习 FT FT 5. Deaths of the woman and her daughter were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. ( )
6. Only ordinary people died when cholera broke out. ( )
Ⅱ.Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．John Snow was a famous doctor in London.
B．The reason that caused the deadly disease cholera.
C．John Snow solved the problem of cholera.
Period One │ 课前自主预习 T T [答案] C2．Which of the following theories did John Snow believe in?
A．A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.
B．People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.
C．People got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger.
Period One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] B3．Before 1854，when cholera broke out, ________.
A．many thousands of people died
B．people with cholera could be cured
C．John Snow began to know its causePeriod One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] A4．How did he find out the cause of the disease?
A．By living in the area where cholera broke out.
B．By marking a map where all the dead people had lived.
C．By telling the terrified people how to prevent it.Period One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] B5．What do you think the Londoners would do with the unused pumps after defeating “King Cholera”？
A．They would destroy them.
B．They would reuse them after cleaning.
C．They would desert them for good.Period One │ 课前自主预习 [答案] BPeriod One │ 课前自主预习
Task Three：Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blank.
John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. Cholera was the most 1.________(die) disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its 2. ________ was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died 3.________________________________________(每次爆发的时候)．At that time，there were two theories explaining how cholera killed people. John Snow 4. ________ (believe) in the second one.
deadlycureevery time there was an outbreakbelieved As the disease spread quickly through the poor neighbourhoods，he began to 5. ________ the information. He 6. ________ (mark) on a map where all the dead people had lived. The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. That was，the water from the Broad Street pump seemed 7. ________ (blame)．Furthermore，he found the water came from the 8. ________ (pollute) river from London. With another two cases，John Snow 9. ___________ (announce) with certainty that polluted water carried the disease and suggested 10. _______________________________________
(所有水源应该被检查). Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.
Period One │ 课前自主预习 gather markedto blamethat the source of all water supplies be examinedpollutedpollutedannounced1 conclusion n．结论；结束
(教材P1)Draw a conclusion 得出结论
Period One │ 课堂互动探究 conclude vt.& vi. 结束；推断出
in conclusion 最后，总之
come to/draw/arrive at/reach a conclusion
得出结论
conclude sth (from…) (从……)推断出某事
conclude sth with/by… 以……结束某事◇ 词汇点睛 ◇【活学活用】
(1)What conclusion did you come to?
你得出了什么结论？
(2)She concluded her performance with a poem.
她以一首诗结束了她的表演。
(3)Let me ______________ my speech with a saying：all roads lead to Rome.
让我用一句谚语结束我的演讲：条条大路通罗马。Period One │ 课堂互动探究 conclude
(4)I __________________________ that she forgot my birthday.
我得出结论：她忘了我的生日。
(5)______________，I would like to thank all of you for all your help.
最后，我感谢你们对我的所有的帮助。Period One │课堂互动探究 drew the conclusionIn conclusion2 defeat vt. 击败；战胜；使受挫 n. 失败
(教材P2)JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”
Period One │课堂互动探究 【易混辨析】
beat, defeat与win
(1)defeat与beat, win都有“赢，获胜”之意，但用法却有差异。
(2)beat和defeat的宾语必须是表示对手的名词，如某人或一个集体(a team, an army, a country, a class等)，二者常可互换。但defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人，而beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。此外，beat词义较广，除表示“战胜”外，还可表示“敲打、心跳”等，而defeat不能表示这些意思。
(3)win意为“赢得”，宾语不能是人、球队、国家等表示对手的名词，但可以接比赛、奖品、名次、声望、尊重等。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)He defeated all his opponents in the election.
他在竞选中击败了他的所有对手。
(2)Do you still remember the two defeats?
你还记得那两次失败吗？
(3)No difficulty can __________________this brave man since he is so confident and capable.
没有任何困难可以击败这个勇敢的人，因为他有信心和能力。
(4)Our hopes____________________. 我们的希望破灭了。Period One │ 课堂互动探究 defeat/beat were defeated(5)After eight years of fighting, the Chinese finally ________ the Japanese invaders.
经过八年的抗战，中国人民最终战胜了日本侵略者。
(6)We ________________ the host team by 10 points and ____________ the game.
我们以10分的优势战胜了东道主队并赢得了这场比赛。
(7)Though he is good at playing tennis, I ___________________ him yesterday.
虽然他擅长打网球，但我昨天赢了他。Period One │课堂互动探究 defeated defeated/beatdefeated/beatwon3 attend vt. & vi.照料，护理；出席，参加
(教材P2)John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰?斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人医生。Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【易混辨析】
attend, join, join in与take part in
这些动词(短语)均含“参加，加入”之意。
(1)attend 侧重参加或出席会议、演讲、上学或学术活动等。
(2)join为普通用词，指加入党派、团体从而使自己成为该党派或团体的一员，不与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.
我永远不会忘记我入党的那一天。Period One │课堂互动探究 (3)join in通常指参加某项活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。如果表示“与某人一起做某事”或“和某人在一起”，则用join sb in sth/doing sth。如：
Would you join me in a walk?
你和我一起散步好吗？
Will you join us in a game of cards?
你加入我们来玩牌好吗？
(4)take part in 侧重参加某项群众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。如：
Switzerland did not take part in the two world wars.
瑞士没有参加两次世界大战。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)We'd like as many people as possible to attend the wedding.
我们希望有尽可能多的人参加婚礼。
(2)Don't stay up too late watching TV! You have to attend school next morning.
不要熬夜太晚看电视！你明天早晨还要上学呢。
(3)I'm afraid I can't go to your party tonight, for I've something important______________.
恐怕今晚我不能参加你的聚会了，因为我有重要的事情要处理。Period One │课堂互动探究 to attend to(4)“Are you_________________________， sir？” said an assistant to the customer.
“先生，有人接待您吗？”一位店员问这位顾客。
(5)He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody _______________________ him.
长跑之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有个人来照顾自己一下。Period One │课堂互动探究 being attended toto attend on/upon4 expose vt.使暴露，揭露，显露，使接触，使曝光
(教材P2)But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)My job as a journalist is to expose the truth.
我作为记者的职责就是揭露事实。
(2)The student has been exposed to English for about six years.
这个学生接触英语六年左右了。
(3)Don't ________ babies ________ strong sunlight.
不要让婴儿受到强烈的日光照射。Period One │课堂互动探究 exposeto(4)It's very dangerous for anyone to ______________the virus without any protection.
任何人没有保护地暴露在病毒中是很危险的。
(5)Potatoes will turn green when ___________________ light.
当土豆暴露在光线下会变绿。Period One │课堂互动探究 be exposed to exposed to5 cure n．痊愈，治愈 vt.治愈；治疗
(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【温馨提示】
cure后不能直接跟双宾语，要用of引出其直接宾语，用法相似的词还有：
accuse sb of sth 指控、指责某人某事
inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事
rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事
suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人某事Period One │课堂互动探究 【易混辨析】
cure与treat
(1)cure指“治愈疾病，消除痛苦，戒除恶习、弊端、嗜好”等，强调结果，可构成“cure sb of…”结构。
(2)treat强调治疗过程，不强调结果，常用于“treat sth with sth”结构。如：
The doctor treated her cancer with a new medicine, but didn't cure her.
医生用一种新药为她治疗癌症，但是没有把她治好。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)The medicine could cure him of his stomach ache.
这药能治愈他的胃痛。
(2)Doctors are searching for a cure for AIDS.
医生们正在寻找艾滋病的治疗方法。
(3)His job will ______________ his laziness.
他的工作会改掉他懒惰的毛病。
(4)What is the best ________ a cold?
针对感冒最好的疗法是什么？Period One │课堂互动探究 cure him of cure for(5)A famous doctor is going to ______________ for his illness.
一位著名的医生要治疗他的病。Period One │课堂互动探究 treat him6 absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；吞并；使专心
(教材P2)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们吃饭的时候把这种病毒带入体内。Period One │课堂互动探究 表示“集中注意力于……，致力于……”的常用短语还有：
①be devoted to
②be buried in
③be bent on
④focus…on/upon…
⑤concentrate…on…
⑥be applied toPeriod One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)He pretends to be absorbed in listening.
他假装在专心听讲。
(2)Absorbed in his thoughts，the scientist didn't notice what had happened before him.
这位科学家陷入沉思中，没有注意到眼前所发生的事。
(3)Black cloth ________ light.
黑色布料吸收光线。Period One │课堂互动探究 absorbs (4)Did you ________ everything the professor said?
教授说的你全部理解了吗？
(5)He ______________________deep thought.
他陷入沉思。Period One │课堂互动探究 was absorbed inabsorb7 suspect vt.认为；怀疑 n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 adj.不可信的；靠不住的
(教材P2)John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. 约翰·斯诺认为第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)They suspect him of giving false evidence.
他们怀疑他提供伪证。
(2)I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine.
我怀疑发动机出了什么故障。
(3)I began to ________ (that) they were trying to get rid of me.
我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。Period One │课堂互动探究 suspect (4)What made you ________ her ________ having taken the money?
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？
(5)The police arrested the ________ yesterday.
警方昨天逮捕了那个嫌疑犯。Period One │课堂互动探究 suspectsuspectof 8 announce vt. 通告，宣布
(教材P3)With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了这个额外的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够确定地宣布这种被污染了的水携带着病毒。Period One │课堂互动探究 【易混辨析】
announce与declare
(1)announce指把人们关心或感兴趣的事正式公布于众，常含有“预告”的意思。如：
It has been announced that Mr Green and Miss White will get married in May.
格林先生和怀特小姐宣布将于5月结婚。
(2)declare经常用于正式场合，指清楚、有力地公开，如公开宣布战争、和平、中立、意见等。如：
The headmaster has declared war against cheating in exams.
校长已宣告消除考试作弊的行为。Period One │课堂互动探究 【温馨提示】
表示“向某人宣布某事”用announce sth to sb，而不能用announce sb sth。 Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Mr Wang，headteacher of Class 2，announced to the class that there would be no school tomorrow.
二班的班主任王老师向学生们宣布明天不上课。
(2)The dark clouds announce rain.
那些乌云预示着有雨。
(3)__________________________ there will be a celebration on National Day.
据宣布国庆节有庆祝活动。Period One │课堂互动探究 It is announced that (4)The captain______________ the plane was going to land.
机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。
(5)He waited for ________________________ the result of the competition with bated breath.
他焦虑地等待竞赛结果的通知。Period One │课堂互动探究 announced that the announcement of 9 blame vt. 责备；谴责；把……归咎于 n．责怪；(过失、过错等)责任
(教材P2)It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。Period One │课堂互动探究 【温馨提示】
to blame含有被动意义，不能用to be blamed结构。如：
I feel it is your husband who is to blame for the spoiled child.
我认为孩子被惯坏了是你丈夫的责任。
The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident that happened yesterday.
那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Citizens are laying the blame on the government for acting too late.
市民们谴责政府行动太迟缓。
(2)She blamed her parents for the failure of her marriage.
＝She blamed the failure of her marriage on her parents.她把婚姻的失败归咎于自己的父母。
(3)One of the computers is broken and she is ________________ me.
有台电脑坏了，她把责任归咎到我身上。Period One │课堂互动探究 blaming it on (4)He ______________ for his failure in the exam on his teacher.
他将这次考试的失败归咎于他的老师。
(5)Mr Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one ______________________.
格林先生站起来维护那个16岁的男孩，说他不是该受责备的人。Period One │课堂互动探究 put the blameto blame10 instruct v．命令，指示，教导
(教材P3)The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)I instruct him how to do the work.
我教他怎样干这项工作。
(2)He instructed that a wall be built around the city.
他下命令在城的周围筑一道城墙。
(3)Greater effort is needed __________________in road safety.
需要更大的努力来教导孩子们的道路安全意识。
(4)I've been__________________________ here until the teacher arrives.
我得到指示在这儿等候，一直到那位老师到来。Period One │课堂互动探究 to instruct childreninstructed to wait1 put forward 提出(建议、计划、理论等)；把……向前拨；推荐，提名，推举
(教材P1)Who put forward a theory about black holes？谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？Period One │课堂互动探究 ◇ 短语储存 ◇Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting.
他在会上提出了一条很好的建议。
(2)Our teacher put forward John as the monitor of our class.
老师推荐约翰做我们班的班长。
(3)This idea was ______________ by the manager.
这个主意是由经理提出来的。
(4)The firefighters spent 3 hours __________________the big fire.
消防人员用了3个小时才扑灭那场大火。Period One │课堂互动探究 put forward putting out(5)At last her husband couldn't______________ her.
最后她的丈夫不能容忍她了。
(6)The meeting was ________because of the heavy snow.
因为大雪会议被推迟了。
(7)How much have you ________ for your holiday?
你为假期储存了多少钱？Period One │课堂互动探究 put up withput offput away2 be linked to 和……连在一起
(教材P3)In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关的死亡病例中又发现了有力的证据。Period One │课堂互动探究 Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)The two towns are linked to each other by a railway.
这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。
(2)This old Silk Road linked China with the West in ancient times.
这条古老的丝绸之路在古时候把中国和西方连接了起来。
(3)Evidence shows that John __________________ the shooting.
证据显示约翰与这起枪击案有关。Period One │课堂互动探究 is linked to(4)Scientists want to know how we ____________ words ________objects.
科学家们想知道我们是如何把词语与物体联系起来的。
(5)The space shuttle will ________with the space station this afternoon.
航天飞机将于今天下午和太空站对接。Period One │课堂互动探究 linktolink up1 (教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 因此每次(霍乱)暴发，就有成千上万惊恐的人死去。
Period One │课堂互动探究 ◇ 句型透视 ◇【句法分析】
every time是名词短语用作连词，引导一个时间状语从句，相当于whenever，意思是“每当……”。其他有类似用法的短语还有each time(每一次……)，the minute＝the second＝the moment＝the instant(一……就……)，the last time(最后一次)，the first time(第一次)等。
【温馨提示】
在every/each time等引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时态，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)The moment/instant/minute/second he arrived in Beijing, he would call on me.
他一到北京就会来拜访我。
(2)I was only a little child the first time I saw the famous scientist.
第一次见到这位著名的科学家时，我还只是个小孩子。
(3)__________________ I visit him, he is reading a book attentively.
每次我去找他，他都在专心读书。Period One │课堂互动探究
Each/Every time (4)___________________________________I saw her, I gave the book to her/her the book.
我一见到她就把这本书给了她。
(5)________________________________________I received your letter, I came to see you.
我一接到你的信就来看你了。Period One │课堂互动探究
The moment/instant/minute/second The moment/instant/minute/second 2 (教材P2)The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. 第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁衍。
(教材P3)To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况的再次发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
Period One │课堂互动探究 【句法分析】
第一句中的suggest意为“暗示，表明”，后接宾语从句，表示事实。第二句中suggest意为“建议”，后面的宾语从句用“should＋动词原形(should可以省略)”。如：
Tom's pale face suggested that he was ill and his parents suggested that he (should) be examined in the hospital.汤姆苍白的脸色表明他病了，他的父母建议他在医院进行检查。Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)I suggested that the meeting be put off till next week.
我建议会议推迟到下周。
(2)His expression on his face suggested that he was angry.
他脸上的表情表明他生气了。
(3)The dentist suggested that she _______________another day.
牙医建议她应该改日再来。Period One │课堂互动探究
(should) come (4)His smile suggests he ________there.
他的微笑表明他去过那里。
(5)I suggest that we ______________to the park on Sunday.
我建议我们星期天去公园。Period One │课堂互动探究
has been(should) go3 (教材P3)A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位女士是从宽街搬来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。
Period One │课堂互动探究 【温馨提示】 与have相关的常用结构还有：
have sth done请某人做某事
have sb doing…使某人一直做……
have sth to do有事情要做(不定式作定语)
have sb do…让某人做……Period One │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Our manager is going to have a new factory built.
我们经理计划建一个新工厂。
(2)He had me waiting for a long time.
他让我等了好久。
(3)I had my bike ________.
我找人修理了自行车。
(4)I had him ________ my bike.
我让他修理了我的自行车。
(5)I had him ________ for long outside to punish him for being late again.
我让他在外面站了很长时间作为他再次迟到的惩罚。 Period One │课堂互动探究
repaired repairstandingPeriod Two Learning about Language & Using LanguagePeriod TwoPeriod Two │ 三维目标Knowledge and skills
1. Discover the useful words and expressions.And learn the usage of useful words and expressions.
(1)responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的
construct vt. 建设；修建
construction n. 建设；建筑物
contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助
firework n. 烟火(燃放)
chart n. 图表三维目标creative adj. 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的
co-operative adj. 合作的
positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的
revolutionary adj. 革命的； 重大变革的
movement n. 移动；运动；动作
backward adv. & adj. 向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)
privately adv. 私下地；秘密地
spin vi. & vt. (使)旋转；纺(线或纱)
brightness n. 明亮；亮度；聪颖
enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的Period Two │ 三维目标cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的
reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃
universe n. 宇宙；世界
(2)expose…to 暴露于；公开揭露
apart from 脱离；除此之外(表示除……以外别无)；除去
contribute to 捐献；促成；投稿；有助于
make a conclusion 得出结论
make sense 讲得通；有意义
lead to 把……带到；领到
be strict with 对……严格，对……严厉Period Two │ 三维目标2. Help the students to learn how to use the sentence
patterns.
(1)Only if…＋情态动词/be动词/助动词＋主语＋其他成
分．
(2)with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
Process and methods
Explanation and practice
Emotion，attitude and value
1. To develop the students' sense of loving English.
2. To develop the students' sense of cooperation.Period Two │ 三维目标Period Two │ 重点难点[重点]
construction, contribute, enthusiastic, cautious，reject
[难点]
1. Only if…＋情态动词/be动词/助动词＋主语＋其他成分．
2. with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
3. Learn about Copernicus' revolutionary theory.重点难点Period Two │ 教学建议The stress of this period should be put on the important new words, phrases and sentence structures in the text. And much more attention should be paid to the following：
(1)Key phrases：lead to, make sense；
(2)Key sentence: Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
And the rest especially the ones with triangles are only to be recognized while the students are reading the passage.教学建议Period Two │ 教学建议The passage deals with how Copernicus founded his theory. Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity and showed this was obviously wrong. Also there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. Teachers had better encourage students to learn from him and other great scientists and make more progress.Period Two │ 新课导入[导入一]
1. Do you know any famous person in the field of space and universe?
2. Do you know anything about Copernicus?
3. What was his contribution to the world? 新课导入Period Two │ 新课导入[导入二]
1. Get 1～2 students to report to the class the information of Copernicus.
(Who is he? What achievement did he make? When…？)
2. Background supplementary：
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer (1473—1543). Born in Torunń， he began his university studies in Krakòw in 1491, where he studied canon law and Latin and Greek classics. However, he also had an interest in mathematics and astronomy. After obtaining his degree of Doctor of Canon Law (教会法规博士学位)in Italy in 1503, Copernicus returned home to Warmia in Poland to serve as Canon (＝priest)．Period Two │ 新课导入 In 1530, Copernicus completed his great work De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (《天体运论》)．Copernicus knew that these findings would lead him into trouble with the Roman Catholic Church (罗马天主教), so he was in no hurry to publish his theory. He only published it as he lay dying in 1543.
Though Copernicus did not live to hear of its extraordinary impact, the book which first suggested that the Sun, not the Earth, is the centre of the universe is now recognized as one of the most influential scientific works of all time.
1 construction n．[U]建设，建造 [C]建筑物，结构
(教材P4)Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make＋a＋noun.看这些简单的动词，并用“make＋a＋名词”构成另一个结构。
Period Two │ 课堂互动探究 construct vt. 建设；修建
be under construction 正在建设中
be constructed of/out of/from sth 由……建成◇ 词汇点睛 ◇【温馨提示】
短语under construction中不加任何冠词。
Period Two │ 课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Most of the factories under construction have been designed by the Chinese designers.
这些建设中的工厂大多数都是由中国设计师设计的。
(2)The governments in cities with large numbers of low-income families should speed up the construction of low-rent housing.
有大量低收入家庭的城市的政府部门应该加快廉租房的建设。
(3)He made some _______________________at the meeting.
他在会上提出了一些建设性的建议。Period Two │ 课堂互动探究 constructive suggestions (4)The new railway is still ______________________ now.
新的铁路现在仍在建设中。
(5)The shelter ______________ out of fallen branches.
这个住所是用落下的树枝搭成的。Period Two │课堂互动探究 under constructionwas constructed 2 contribute vt.& vi.捐赠，捐助；贡献；投(稿)Period Two │课堂互动探究 contributor n. 投稿者；捐助者
contribution n. 贡献；捐献，捐助；投稿
contribute to 为……做出贡献；有助于
contribute sth to 把……捐赠给/贡献给……
make a contribution to 为……做贡献【易混辨析】
contribute与devote
(1)contribute可用作及物动词或不及物动词，作及物动词时，不可接one's life或oneself作宾语。
(2)devote仅用作及物动词，常用于devote oneself/one's life(time/efforts/energy…)to(doing)sth以及 be devoted to 结构，表示“献身于/致力于某一事业或目标”。
【温馨提示】
在contribute to短语中，to为介词，后面可跟名词、代词和动名词。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【巧学助记】
Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper.
许多人给那个可怜的男孩捐款，使他可以重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并投稿到一家报社。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)He contributed half of his savings to earthquake victims.
他将一半的积蓄捐献给了地震灾民。
(2)His research has contributed to our understanding of this disease.
他的研究有助于我们对这种疾病的了解。
(3)Students are encouraged to _________________ to the university magazine.
学校鼓励学生们给大学杂志投稿。Period Two │ 课堂互动探究 contribute articles (4)As is known, exercise______________ our health.
正如人们所知，锻炼有助于我们的健康。
(5)The singer _____________________ this small village school last year.
那位歌手去年向这个小乡村的学校捐赠了7 000美元。
(6)Some famous singers have accepted the invitation and their performances will surely ____________ the success of the party. 一些著名歌星已经接受了邀请，他们的演出一定会使晚会成功。Period Two │课堂互动探究 contributes to contributed $7,000 to contribute to 3 enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热情的
(教材P7)His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.他的朋友们都很感兴趣并鼓励他发表他的理论，但是哥白尼很小心。Period Two │课堂互动探究 Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)She is full of enthusiasm for learning English.
她对学习英语充满了热情。
(2)He is enthusiastic about helping others.
他热心助人。
(3)David is __________________________ this plan.
戴维对这项计划十分热心。Period Two │课堂互动探究 very enthusiastic about (4)They ___________________________ of that movie star.
他们是那位电影明星的狂热崇拜者。
(5)Anything can be achieved if you ____________________________________________________ it.
任何事情都能被实现，如果你热衷于它。Period Two │课堂互动探究 are enthusiastic admirers have enthusiasm for/are enthusiastic about 4 cautious adj.十分小心的；谨慎的
(教材P7)His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.他的朋友们都很感兴趣并鼓励他发表他的理论，但是哥白尼很小心。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Her husband is cautious，never making a swift decision about anything.
她的丈夫十分谨慎，从不草率做出任何决定。
(2)She is very cautious of hurting his feelings.
她小心翼翼免得伤害他的感情。
(3)He __________________________committing himself.
他对做出承诺很谨慎。Period Two │课堂互动探究 was cautious about (4)I ______________him not to be late.
我警告他不要迟到。
(5)The students ______________to make any mistakes in spelling.
学生们在拼写时非常小心，以避免出错。Period Two │课堂互动探究 cautioned are cautious not5 reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃
(教材P7)The Christian Church rejected his theory，saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked.基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意，而支持这种理论的人会受到攻击。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【易混辨析】
reject, refuse与decline
(1)reject表示拒不接受不适当、不满足或厌恶的东西，如建议、计划、赠物、求婚、正义、忠告等，语气最强，有时还含有“抛弃，剔除”等意思，只可接名词，主语只能是人。
(2)refuse指坚决、果断甚至是粗暴地对别人的要求、请求、引诱或帮助加以拒绝，后接名词、代词或不定式，主语可以是人或物。
(3)decline常指委婉地拒绝，近似于汉语的“谢绝”，多指谢绝他人的邀请或提供的帮助。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)The proposal was firmly rejected.
这个建议被坚决拒绝了。
(2)We rejected his idea for a music club.
我们没有接受他成立一个音乐俱乐部的想法。
(3)My cousin tried to join the army but ________________.
我堂兄试图参军，但没有被接受。Period Two │课堂互动探究 was rejected (4)After the transplant his body ________ the new heart.
在移植手术后，他的身体对移植的心脏产生了排斥反应。
(5)Mary ________ to go back into the hospital.
玛丽拒绝返回医院。
(6)I offered to give them a lift but they________.
我主动让他们搭便车可是他们拒绝了。Period Two │课堂互动探究 rejectedrefused declined1 apart from 除……之外；此外
(教材P4)Apart from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases.除了以上提到的结构，你们还学过以下短语。Period Two │课堂互动探究 ◇ 短语储存 ◇Period Two │课堂互动探究 Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Apart from my mother tongue, I can speak several foreign languages as well.
除了母语外，我还会讲好几种外语。
(2)I like all the subjects apart from English.
我喜欢包括英语在内的所有学科。
(3)__________________ their house in London，they also have a villa in Spain.
他们在伦敦有一幢房子，此外在西班牙还有一幢别墅。Period Two │课堂互动探究 Apart from (4)The writer lives _________________ his family.
这位作家不与家人同住。
(5)She is pretty ________ the fact that her eyes are too big.
若不是她的眼睛太大，她是很漂亮的。
(6)He had other people to take care of ___________________me.
除了我以外，他还需要照顾其他人。Period Two │课堂互动探究 apart fromexcept for besides/apart from2 make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通
(教材P7)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。Period Two │课堂互动探究 Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)He doesn't talk much, but what he says makes sense.
他话不多，但言之有理。
(2)He tried to explain it to me, but I just couldn't make sense of what he said.
他努力向我解释，但我就是不能理解他说的话。
(3)It __________________ to plant fruit trees on the hillside.
在山坡上种植果树是很有意义的事。Period Two │课堂互动探究 makes good sense (4)Einstein's theory was so advanced that few scientists at that time could __________________ it.
爱因斯坦的理论是如此先进以至于当时很少有科学家能够理解。
(5)In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply __________________________________________.
在我看来，他刚刚告诉我们的那件事基本上没有任何意义。Period Two │课堂互动探究 make sense of makes no sense/doesn't make any sense1 (教材P7)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。Period Two │课堂互动探究 ◇ 句型透视 ◇【温馨提示】
(1)only if 意为“只有”，引导条件状语从句，放在句首或主句后均可，放在句首时主句要部分倒装。如：
Only if you study hard can you pass the exam.
你只有努力学习才能通过考试。
I wake up only if the school bell rings.
只有学校的铃响了，我才会醒。
(2)only修饰状语或状语从句时，从句不倒装而主句倒装。如：
Only in Paris do you find bars like this.
只有在巴黎，你才会发现像这样的酒吧。Period Two │课堂互动探究 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
只有病得很重时，他才卧床休息。
(3)only加主语放在句首时，句子不倒装。如：
Only Tom knew the secret then.
那时只有汤姆知道这个秘密。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【易混辨析】
only if与if only
only if 意为“只有”，可视为 if 的加强说法，如放在句首，其后的主句要用倒装语序；if only表示“但愿，要是……就好了”，多与虚拟语气连用。如：
If only I were very rich. 要是我很有钱就好了。
Only if you make up your mind can your dream be realized.
只有你下定决心，你的梦想才能实现。Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)Only if we smile at others will we do everything smoothly.
只要我们笑对别人，我们办事就会一切顺利。
(2)Tell them only if they trust us would we like to trust them.
告诉他们，只有他们相信我们，我们才会相信他们。
(3)Only in this way_______________________ English well.
只有这样你才能学好英语。Period Two │课堂互动探究
can you learn (4)________ we pull together can we achieve success.
只有我们齐心协力，我们才能成功。
(5)It's a good plan. ________ we could carry it out.
那是个好计划。但愿我们能执行它。Period Two │课堂互动探究
Only ifIf only 2 (教材P7)He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把一个固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，所有的行星围绕它运转，同时也只有月球绕着地球运转。
Period Two │课堂互动探究 【句法分析】
with复合结构由“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”组成，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等，也可作定语。其构成有下列几种情形：
with＋名词(或代词)＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/介词短语/副词/动词不定式Period Two │课堂互动探究 【活学活用】
(1)With prices going up so fast，we can't afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起奢侈品。(原因状语)
(2)I like to sleep with the windows open.
我喜欢睡觉时开着窗户。(伴随状语)
(3)With a lot of work to do，he wasn't allowed to go out.
因为有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。(原因状语)Period Two │课堂互动探究
(4)With our homework ________，we went to play football.
完成家庭作业后，我们去踢足球。
(5)The children came running towards us with some flowers _________________________.
孩子们手里拿着一些花向我们跑来。
(6)With a lot of work ________，I won't be able to go on holiday.
因为我有许多工作要做，我不能去度假。
Period Two │课堂互动探究
finishedin their hands to do Period Three GrammarPeriod ThreePeriod Three │ 三维目标Knowledge and skills
1. Teach grammar (The Past Participle as the Predicative & Attribute)．
2. Improve the students' listening skills.
Process and methods
1. Explanation, practice and summarizing
2. Inductive Method; Group work
Emotion，attitude and value
1. Hold the students' interest in learning English grammar.
2. Develop the students' sense of cooperation.三维目标Period Three │ 重点难点[重点]
1. Learn the grammar (The Past Participle as the Predicative & Attribute)
2. Have the students sum up the fun_ction of the past participle using inductive methods.
3. How to use the past participle correctly.
[难点]
To know the differences between the attribute and the predicative.重点难点Period Three │ 教学建议This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: The Past Participle as the Predicative & Attribute.
It's not the first time for the students to learn it, so this period of teaching can be considered as a revision class, in which with the help of the example sentences used in the passage in this unit, students are to review the use of the past participle.教学建议Period Three │ 新课导入[导入一]
1. Please look at the sentences carefully. Pick out the attribute & predicative of the sentences.
(1)I was angry with him for keeping me waiting so long.
(2)She is a beautiful young lady.
(3)He got worried about losing the money.
(4)Sally was so excited at the good news.
(5)So many thousands of terrified people died.新课导入Period Three │ 新课导入2. Please classify the words that you identify into groups and explain why you divide them into these groups.
angry beautiful young worried excited terrified
3. Now find more examples in the reading passage where the past participle is used as the attribute and predicative.Period Three │ 新课导入[导入二]
Ask the students to study the example sentences, and then tell what fun_ction of each past participle.
EXAMPLES:
1. So many thousands of terrified people died.
2．But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.
(The past participle is used as an attribute in Sentence 1 while in Sentence 2 as the predicative.)
过去分词作定语和表语
1．过去分词的构成
规则动词的过去分词是在动词词尾加-ed，不规则动词的过去分词有不规则的变化，如know→known，keep→kept，fall→fallen等，这些不规则变化需要单独记忆。
2．过去分词作定语的功能
(1)表“被动”或“完成”。如：
boiled water 开水
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起的太阳
Period Three │ 语法归纳selected apples 精选的苹果
spoken English 英语口语
iced beer 冰镇啤酒
cooked food 熟食
fried chips 炸土豆条
(2)单个的过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词语之前(如上例)，也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。但过去分词修饰something，anyone，everything，nobody等不定代词时，应放在其后。如：Period Three │语法归纳
Hurry up; there is only a little time left.
快点儿，剩下的时间不多了。
There is nobody injured in the accident.
这场事故中没有人受伤。
(3)过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。如：
Prices of daily goods, bought through a computer(＝which are bought through a computer) can be lower than store prices.
通过网上买的日常用品的价格比一些商店的价格要低一些。Period Three │语法归纳Mr Smith, tired of the boring speech(＝who was tired of the boring speech)，started to read a novel.
史密斯先生厌烦了这个乏味的演讲，开始读起小说来。
3．过去分词作表语的功能
(1)当“人”作主语时用过去分词作表语表示主语的“状态或思想感情”等。如：
When we heard of it，we were deeply moved.
当听到这件事时，我们被深深地感动了。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea.
听到这个想法，他似乎很高兴。Period Three │语法归纳(2)过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一体。过去分词作表语表示主语的“状态”，而被动语态则表示被动的“动作”。如：
My glasses are broken.
我的眼镜碎了。(状态)
My glasses were broken by my son.
我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。(动作)
I was greatly surprised by a knock at the door.
敲门声使我大为吃惊。(状态)Period Three │语法归纳
On the earth,70% of the surface is covered with water.地球表面70%的面积被水覆盖着。(动作)
4．现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
(1)语态上不同：现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词多表示被动意义。如：
surprising news使人吃惊的消息
surprised listeners吃惊的听众
(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。如：Period Three │语法归纳
the developing country发展中国家
the developed country发达国家
5．现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别
现在分词作表语，表示的动作与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系；而过去分词作表语，其动作与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如：
The news was exciting and we were all excited.
这个消息令人兴奋，我们都很激动。
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上所讲的话很是惊讶。
分词作定语口诀Period Three │语法归纳
“定分”位置有两条，词前词后定分晓。
单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。
分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。
“现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。(注：“定分”：做定语的分词；“定从”：定语从句；“现分”：现在分词；“过分”：过去分词。)Period Three │语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．The ________ (excite) look on the teacher's face suggested that she was ________ (satisfy) with our performance.
2．It was such a ________ job that I really felt ________. (tire)
3．Don't drink ________ (pollute) water because it can cause disease.
4．Look！The student ________(seat) at the end of the classroom is ________(bury) in novels while the teacher is giving a lesson.Period Three │语法归纳
excitedsatisfiedtiringtiredpollutedseatedburied5．The fried chicken, ________ (taste) nice and delicious, was soon sold out.
6．Who wrote a book _______________ (explain) how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?
7．Mr Li got ________ (catch) in heavy traffic and came to school late that morning.
8．The ________ (break) clock should be repaired as soon as possible.
9. The children ________________ (examine) at the hospital now come from the same school.
10. Tom sounds very much ________ (interest) in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it.Period Three │语法归纳tastingexplainingcaughtbrokenbeing examined interestedⅡ.完成句子
1. Near the window, there is a bookshelf ___________________.
在窗户附近有一个装满书的书架。
2. I was very ________ when I received the first family letter ________ by my mother yesterday.
昨天我收到妈妈写的第一封家信时，我非常激动。
3. Her daughter, ________________ by me，has begun to work now.
她的女儿是由我带大的，现在已经参加工作了。Period Three │语法归纳filled with booksexcitedwritten brought up 4. The building ___________________ will be completed in a month. It will be our lab building.
正在粉刷的建筑将在一个月内完工。这将是我们的实验楼。
5. __________________ belonged to Jack and it cost him over two hundred dollars.
被盗的自行车是杰克的，它花了他200多美元。 Period Three │语法归纳
being painted nowThe stolen bike Period Four WritingPeriod Four 精彩段落的表达策略(一)句子间、段落间的逻辑关系
高考书面表达的评分标准：有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。连接成分就是过渡衔接词语或插入语。过渡衔接词语在书面表达中起着润滑剂的作用，它能使我们的文意表达得自然、流畅。常用的连接词有以下八种类型(本单元讲两种，其他六种在后续单元进行讲解)：
Period Four │基础写作知识1．表示转折关系
转折关系是逻辑关系中最常见的一种，在高考英语写作中常常会用到，比如在记叙文中表达事情出现转折、在议论文中表达不同的观点等。表示转折关系常用的连接词有but，yet，however，nevertheless，in spite of，although，on the contrary，otherwise，in contrast，whereas等。在写作时，同学们不要总用最简单的but，而应选择使用不同的转折连接词，以丰富文章用词。如：
To be honest，it was Su's fault but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things.
Everyone has his dream. However，it is not always easy for people to realize their dreams. Period Four │基础写作知识2．表示添加信息
在写作时，除了主要信息，你可能还需要以罗列或递进的方式添加一些其他信息来丰富文章内容。有时候是通过一个句子连接多个信息，此时多半是在罗列，常用的连接词有and，either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also，as well(as)等；有时候是列举一些事件、观点、原因或目的后再添加一些信息表示递进，此时常用的连接词有furthermore，besides，moreover，in addition，what is more，worse still等。如： Period Four │基础写作知识I've been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English. What is more，I'll be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well.
In China，these knots stand for friendship，love and good luck. People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.Period Four │基础写作知识【及时演练】
完成句子
1．________________， not until the match was over did we realize that we became the loser.
然而，直到比赛结束我们才意识到我们输了。
2．________________， the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on the earth, so they are eager to experience the future life on Mars.
相反，这些志愿者总是说，他们厌倦了地球上的生活，因此他们渴望体验未来火星上的生活。Period Four │基础写作知识However On the contrary 3．________________I mind my own business without considering my parents.
但遗憾的是我只考虑自己的事情，没有考虑父母的想法。
4．________________， along with the texts there are many beautiful and colourful pictures, which can help us understand English better.
再者，除了这些文本之外，还有许多美丽多彩的图片，这有助于我们更好地理解英语。
Period Four │基础写作知识But unfortunately What's more 5．________________， I have a good communicative competence and I am considered to be an outgoing, reliable and helpful person at college.
另外，我有良好的交流能力，在大学，我性格外向，可靠且乐于助人。
Period Four │基础写作知识Besides 如何用英文写劝说信
说服性信函首先要符合信函的格式。其次，要具备说服性议论文的特点。一般来说，说服性议论文分四个基本段落：第一段引出话题；第二、三段提出正反两方面的观点，陈述各自理由；第四段总结利弊，表明作者态度。在具体写作中要注意下列几点：
1．话题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水；
2．正反对比论据要正确，条理要清楚，语言应准确、精炼；
3．作者的观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可；Period Four │单元话题写作4．议论文的主体时态多用一般现在时；
5．尽量避免同一单词、句型的重复使用，多采用同义词、相似结构以使表达多样化。
说服性信函的常用表达句式：
1. I am writing to express my views concerning…
2. I don't think it is a very good way to…For example，…Worst of all，…
3. In my opinion，it is wrong to…
4. As far as I am concerned，we should…
5. The main disadvantages of…are as follows. Firstly…；Secondly…；Thirdly…；Finally…
6. I would very much like to advise you to…Period Four │单元话题写作【活学活用】
假如你是高二学生李华，你的一个在外地读书的同学张力给你写信，向你诉说他最近因为身体不好而影响学习的情况，并且坦言自己平时学习忙，很少锻炼。请根据这一情况给张力写一封说服性信函，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。
注意：1. 词数100左右，信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2．尽可能运用本单元所学的词汇、句型和语法。
Period Four │单元话题写作Dear Zhang Li，
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.
I would be more than happy to see you have a stronger body.
_________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
Period Four │单元话题写作Period Four │单元话题写作Dear Zhang Li，
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now. You have been so absorbed in study that you have had no time for exercise. But it is really harmful to your health. I feel it would be more beneficial to your health if you could take more exercise in future.Period Four │单元话题写作 In fact, exercise can contribute to your health and refresh your mind. After one or two hours of exercise you can study better. Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or ill. Otherwise your study will be interrupted from time to time by sickness.Period Four │单元话题写作 In a word, exercise is as useful and important as your study. So I put forward a suggestion that you take at least one hour's exercise every day from now on.
I would be more than happy to see you have a stronger body.
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua 单元总结提升 单元总结提升 1．_______________ n．特征；特性
2．________ vt. & vi.结束；推断出→_________n．结论；结束
3．________ vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 n．失败
4．________ vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加
5．________ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光→________ n．暴露
6．________ n．治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治疗
7．________ n．挑战 vt. 向……挑战→____________ n．挑战者
8．________ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心单元总结提升│单元知识回眸characteristicconcludeconclusiondefeatattendexposeexposurecurechallengechallenger absorb? 重点单词9．________ vt. 怀疑 n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→________ n．怀疑→________________adj. 有疑心的
10．________ vt. 预见；预告→________v．预言→________v．预报
11．________ vt. 责备；谴责 n．过失；责备
12．________ vt. 污染；弄脏→___________n．污染
13．________ n．柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵
14．________ vt. & n．连接；联系
15．________ vt. 宣布；通告→_________________n．通知；宣告单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸suspectsuspicionsuspiciousforeseeforetellforecastblamepollutepollutionlinkhandleannounceannouncement16．________ vt. 命令；指示；教导→_______________n．教授；传授→________________n．指示，说明(常用复数)
17．________ vt. 建设；修建→______________n．建设；建筑物
18．________ vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助→____________n．贡献
19．________ vi. & vt. (使)旋转；纺(线或纱)
20．________ vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃→________ n．拒绝；抛弃单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸instructinstructioninstructionsconstructconstructioncontributespincontribution rejectrejection
1．______________________ 提出
2．________________________ 得出结论
3．_________________________ 使显露；暴露
4． _________________________ 将……和……联系或连接起来
5． _________________________ 除……之外；此外
6． _________________________ 讲得通；有意义
7． _________________________ 调查；研究
8． _________________________有时
9． _________________________ 反对单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸 put forwarddraw a conclusion expose…to link…to… apart frommake sense look intoat times be against ? 重点短语
10．______________________ 对……严格的
11．______________________ 应受责备
12．_______________________ 肯定地单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸(be)strict withbe to blamewith certainty
1．So many thousands of terrified people died _____________ there was an outbreak.
因此每一次暴发(霍乱)都会有成千上万恐慌的人死去。
2．________ you put the sun there ________the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
3．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system
_______________________________________________________.
他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转。单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸every timeOnly ifdid with the planets going round it? 重点句式过去分词作定语和表语单元总结提升 │单元知识回眸如何写一封劝说信。
? 单元语法? 单元写作 比尔盖茨给年轻人的11条忠告
In Bill Gates' Book for high school and college graduates, there is a list of 11 things they did not learn in school. In his book, Bill Gates talks about how feel-good, politically correct teachings have created a full generation of kids with no concept of reality and how this sets them up for failure in the real world. 单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读The 11 things are：
1. ①Life is not fair; get used to it.
2. The world won't care about your self-esteem(自尊). ②The world will expect you to accomplish(完成)something before you feel good about yourself.
3. You will not make 40 thousand dollars a year right out of high school. You won't be a vice president with a car, until you earn both.
4. ③If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get a boss. He doesn't have tenure(任期). 单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读5. Flipping burgers are not beneath your dignity. Your grandparents had a different word for burger flipping; they called it “opportunity”.
6. If you mess up, it's not your parents' fault, so don't whine about your mistakes, but learn from them.
7. Before you were born, your parents weren't as boring as they are now. They got that way from paying your bills, cleaning your clothes and listening to you talk about how cool you are. So before you save the rainforest from the parasites of your parents' generation, try “delousing”(打扫)the closet in your own room. 单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读8. Your school may have done away with winners and losers, but life has not. ④In some schools they have abolished failing grades; they'll give you as many chances as you want to get the right answer. This doesn't bear the slightest resemblance to anything in real life.
9. Life is not divided into semesters. You don't get summers off and very few employers are interested in helping you find yourself. Do that on your own time.
10. Television is NOT real life. In real life people actually have to leave the coffee shop and go to jobs.
11. Be nice to nerds(乏味的人). Chances are you'll end up working for one. 单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读【典句赏析】
①Life is not fair; get used to it.(重要短语)
生活是不公平的，你需要去适应它。
②The world will expect you to accomplish(完成)something before you feel good about yourself. (时间状语从句)
这个世界期望你能先有所成就，然后再去强调自己的良好感受。
③ If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get a boss. He doesn't have tenure(任期). (条件状语从句)
如果你认为你的老师严厉，等你有了老板再这样想。老板可是没有任期限制的。单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读④In some schools they have abolished failing grades; they'll give you as many chances as you want to get the right answer.(方式状语从句)
在某些学校已经没有了“不及格”的概念，学校会不断地给你机会让你进步。
单元总结提升 │延伸拓展阅读Unit 1 Great scientists
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Being ________(expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to your skin.
2．We must reach out to the earthquake ________(victim) right away; they are badly in need of our help and support.
3．I am told to take the medicine according to the ________(instruct)．
4．They devised proposals to deal with air ________(pollute)．
5．From the evidence that they have collected, the police draw a ________(conclude) that Paul must have been the murderer.
6．Bill suffered from ________(severely) depression after losing his job and his friends did all they could to cheer him up.
7．It's the careless housewife who is to________(blame) for the big fire.
8．The old manager made an ________(announce) that he would retire next month.
9．He was ________ (defeat) at chess last night.
10．I was ________(absorb) in the book and didn't notice you come in.
Ⅱ.根据句意使用恰当的介词填空
1．The young man decided to expose the secret ________the newspapers.
2．I can't say ________any certainty about the company's future.
3．The police suspect him ________having taken the money.
4．Who will attend ________the baby when you are away?
5．Only when the parents work together with the teachers can they cure the child ________his bad habits.
Ⅲ. 短语填空
1．At present, all of us should ________________with courage.
2．The small village________________the town by the newly built road.
3．I regret to say the plan you have ________________was turned down at yesterday's meeting.
4．He ________________reading and didn't even look up when I came in.
5．The bus driver is willing to ________________the accident.
6．The debate did not________________ until midnight.
7．They are ill. Please ________________them for me.
8．The student________________English for six years.
9．They ________________ on the bulletin board yesterday.
10．A black car cut in ahead of me，forcing me to ________________.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1．We don't know who____________________.
我们不知道该怪谁。
2．I ____________________ just now.
我刚才请人把机器修好了。
3．Experts suggest that teenagers ____________________ at least 30 minutes exercising, five times a week.
专家建议，青少年一周锻炼5次，每次至少30分钟。
4．____________________ you move your mouth, your memory will deepen.
每次动你的嘴，你的记忆就会加深。
5．____________________ agree with him.
他的老师和他的同班同学们都不同意他的意见。
6．It was____________________ that I had realized she wasn't a British.
直到她开口说话我才知道她不是英国人。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
In 1896, Einstein went to Zurich to study physics. There he met a girl from Hungary. They studied in the same class and the same interest in physics brought them together and they became good friends. Before long they fell in love. In 1903 when Einstein was 24, he married Mileva Mari， who was 4 years older than him.
After their marriage, Einstein devoted himself to the research of the great theory. To give her husband more help, Mari gave up her own work, and became a good wife and assistant. She tried her best to encourage him whenever possible. She was sure that her husband would succeed. They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room. They even did that in their letters when one of them was away from their home.
In 1914, Einstein moved to Berlin and settled_down there. At that time his theory proved to be correct and he had become famous all over the world. But it was not long before the First World War broke out. Mari as well as her two sons, who were on holiday in Switzerland, couldn't come back to Berlin any more. The war not only stopped Einstein's work but also broke up the warm, happy family. In 1919, Einstein and Mari had to get divorced.
1．We can learn from the passage that Mari ________.
A. greatly helped Einstein with his research work
B. supported Einstein but helped him little
C. was also a great scientist
D. was the real discoverer of the theory
2．The underlined phrase “settled down” in the last paragraph means “________”．
A. became restless
B. solved problems
C. decided to leave
D. began living a stable and orderly life
3．Why did Einstein and Mari get divorced?
A. Because Mari didn't love Einstein after the war broke out.
B. Because Einstein was famous all over the world.
C. Because Einstein only cared about his research.
D. Because the war stopped Mari from coming back to Berlin.
4．The writer wanted to tell us that ________.
A. Mari should be respected as greatly as her husband
B. we should remember Mari when talking about Einstein's theory
C. the bitter (苦难的) suffering was the mother of success
D. Einstein suffered a great deal in his life
Ⅵ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of frogs were travelling through the woods, and two of them fell into a deep pit. When the other frogs saw 1.________ deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were as good as 2.________ (die). The two frogs ignored the comments and tried to jump up out of the pit with all their might. The other frogs kept telling them to stop. Finally, one of the frogs heard what the other frogs were 3.________ (say) and gave up, so he died.
The other frog went on 4.________ (jump) as hard as he could to get out. Once again, the other frogs cried at him and told him to stop and just allow 5.________ to die, but he jumped even 6.________ (hard) and finally made himself out. When he was out, the other frog explained to them that something was wrong with his hearing. He thought they were encouraging him 7.________ whole time.
There is power of life and death in the tongue. An 8.________ (encourage) word to someone 9.________ is down can lift him or her up and help them make it 10.________ the day, while bad words can rob another of the spirit to go on in difficult times. Be careful of what you say.
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The river ________ (pollute) by waste products from the factory from then on.
2．Two policemen as well as an expert were sent ________ (handle) the complex case.
3．In many countries, political ________(suspect) are kept under police observation.
4．It's very foolish of the commander ________ (expose) his men to unnecessary risks.
5．It has been ________ (announce) that they will get married next month.
6．It is known that taking exercise ________ (contribute) to good health.
7．The new school is still under________(construct)．
8．The earth is________(spin) itself as it moves around the sun.
9．Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious ________(challenge) we face.
10．Cholera was a ________(dead) disease. Many people died of it.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
apart from；put forward；draw a conclusion；expose…to…；be to blame；absorb…in…；make sense；be linked to；lead to；look into
1．She is a careful person and never ________________ before carrying out a research.
2．The suggestion ________________ at the meeting is under discussion.
3．________________ being too big, the colour of the skirt doesn't suit me either.
4．It ________________ that generation gap often occurs in the family.
5．________________ the sun for a long time may hurt your skin.
6．Who ________________ for the pollution of this lake?
7．The two cities ________________ each other by a road.
8．________________ writing an essay, he couldn't go with us.
9．There is no doubt that stress can________________ physical illness.
10．I wrote a letter of complaint，and the airline has promised to ________________ the matter.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1．____________________ will you be admitted to college.
只有你努力学习，你才会考上大学。
2．She fell asleep ____________________.
她睡着了，灯还亮着。
3．____________________ our home，he always brings me a gift.
每次我叔叔来我们家，他总会给我带一件礼物。
4．My father ____________________yesterday.
我父亲昨天让人修理了汽车。
5．____________________， he gets up early every day.
为了学好英语，他每天早起。
6．I suggest ____________________ after working for such a long time.
工作了这么长时间之后，我建议歇一会儿。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
When Steve Jobs was born on February 24,1955，in San Francisco，California，his unmarried mother decided to put him for adoption because she wanted a girl. So in the middle of the night，his mother called a lawyer named Paul Jobs and said，“We have an unexpected baby boy；do you want him？”But his mother told his future parents to promise that they would send Jobs to college.After Steve Jobs graduated from high school，he went to college but decided to drop out because it was so expensive that he had to sleep on the floor in his friends' rooms.
At 20，he and a friend(Steve Wozniak) started a company in a garage on April 1,1976. Jobs named their company Apple in memory of a happy summer he had spent as an orchard(果园) worker in Oregon.
After 10 years of hard time and failures，starting from two kids working in a garage，Apple computer eventually grew into a big company with over 4,000 employees.
At 30，Jobs，however，was fired from the company he co-founded. But after he had left the company，Apple was under heavy pressure from rival(对手) Microsoft and in 1996 posted billions of dollars in losses.Apple needed Steve Jobs and he was appointed as Apple's CEO in 1997.Under his leadership，Apple returned to profitability and introduced new products such as the iPod，the iPhone and the iPad.
Steve Jobs once said，“Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith.I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.You've got to find what you love.If you haven't found it yet，keep looking.”
1．Steve Jobs didn't finish his college education because he ________.
A．wanted to start a company
B．had financial problems
C．took no interest in his major
D．hated to share rooms with his friends
2．It can be inferred that Apple ________.
A．was founded in Oregon
B．developed from a garage
C．had a difficult beginning
D．had a successful beginning
3．From Paragraph 4 we can know that Steve Jobs ________.
A．joined Microsoft in 1987
B．gave Apple a second life
C．set up another company at 30
D．invented the iPhone
4．What can we learn from what Steve Jobs said?
A．Interest is the key to success.
B．Hope helps us succeed.
C．Attitude is everything.
D．Courage goes with confidence.
Ⅴ.阅读填空
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. __1__ Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.
My mother has been teaching maths at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. __2__ She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times.
__3__ Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. __4__ She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints.
Often she says to us, “Work while you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society.” What a piece of good advice this is! __5__ This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behaviour. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.
A. She enjoys listening to classic music.
B. She loves her students and cares for them.
C. Can you tell us something about your mother?
D. I never forget it and always bear it in my mind.
E．My mother is hard-working and never wastes money.
F．She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.
G．As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.
Period Three Grammar
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．The novel that was written by him is very popular.
→The novel ________ by him is very popular.
2．My teacher is a young woman who is dressed in green.
→My teacher is a young woman ________ in green.
3．The window，which was broken by Tom，has been repaired.
→The window，________ by Tom has been repaired.
4．He is a singer who is well known.
→He is a ________ singer.
5．The rare fish，which was saved from the cooking pot，has been returned to the sea.
→The rare fish，________ from the cooking pot，has been returned to the sea.
Ⅱ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The interesting game, first ________(play) in Shanghai，did not include many players.
2．On receiving a phone call from his wife ________ (say) she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.
3．—How do you like the talk show ________(host) by Zhou Libo?
—Honestly speaking, not much to my taste.
4．War isn't the best way ________(settle) problems between countries—it only leads to more violence and conflicts.
5．New Zealand was the first country in the world ________(give) the vote to women in the year of 1893.
6．The students started their exciting journey in balloons________(drive) by jets of hot gas.
7．The milk ________(deliver) to us that morning seemed to have gone bad, so we complained to the company about it.
8．Newcomers to Hawaii should be warned not to stay in the sun too long—they might easily get ________(burn).
9．Boys and girls，please remain ________(seat) and keep quiet until the electricity supply returns to normal.
10．Winter is ________(go) and spring is ________(come).
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示用句末括号内所给词的适当形式完成句子
1．The young girl at last passed the exam and this time she gave a ____________________ (满意的微笑)．(satisfy)
2．Is there ____________________ (没解决的问题)? (solve)
3．There is a ____________________(新建的学校) near here. (newly built)
4．The playground ____________________(看上去很荒凉) three years ago.(desert)
5．The days ____________________(一去不复返) when people used foreign oil.(go)
6．He is a teacher ____________________ (很受学生爱戴的)．(love)
7．I applied for the job ____________________(在电视上广告的), but was turned down for lack of experience. (advertise)
8．The watch I bought online cost me 80 dollars, 20 dollars cheaper than those ____________________(超市里卖的). (sell)
9．As is known to us all, travelling is interesting, but we often____________________(感到累) when we are back from travels.(tire)
10．As is reported, a baby boy, ____________________(被宣布死亡的) at birth by the doctors, “came back to life” after spending hours in the hospital refrigerator.(pronounce)
Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1．His wound ____________________ a new virus.
他的伤口感染了一种新病毒。
2．Why do you always ____________________？Do you sleep well these days?
为什么你看上去总是很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？
3．I ____________________ the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好看些。
4．Everybody ____________________ the death of the famous film star.
听说那位著名的影星死了，人人都很惊讶。
5．We needed many more ____________________.
我们需要更多合格的工人。
Ⅴ.完形填空
A love note to my mum
When I was a little girl，I would often accompany you as you modelled for fashion photographers. It was years later that I finally understood what role modelling __1__ in your life. Little did I know you were __2__ every penny you earned to go to __3__ school.
I cannot thank you enough for __4__ you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine. After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were buried __5__ piles of law books. I was __6__.Why were you doing what I do—memorizing textbooks and studying for __7__？ When you said you were in law school, I was more puzzled. I didn't know Mums __8__ be lawyers too. You smiled and said，“In life, you can do anything you want to do.”
As young as I was，that statement kept __9__ in my ears. I watched as you faced the __10__ of completing your studies, and starting companies with Dad, while still being a __11__ and a mum of five kids. I was exhausted just watching you __12__.With your words of wisdom in my __13__ mind, I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dream. My whole world __14__.I set out to live my life filled with __15__，seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.
Your words became my motto. I __16__ found myself in the unique position of being either the first (woman doctor in Maryland Rotary) __17__one of the few women (chief medical reporters) in my field. I gained strength every time I said, “Yes, I'll try that.”
Encouraged by your __18__， I have forged ahead (毅然前行) with my life's journey, less afraid to make mistakes, and __19__ meeting each challenge. You did it, and now I'm __20__ it. Sorry, got to run. So much to do, so many dreams to live.
1．A. found B. played
C. kept D. provided
2．A. saving B. making
C. donating D. receiving
3．A. business B. fashion
C. law D. medical
4．A. what B. that
C. which D. where
5．A. at B. to
C. upon D. under
6．A. amused B. worried
C. puzzled D. disappointed
7．A. roles B. tests
C. positions D. shows
8．A. must B. ought to
C. need D. could
9. A. ringing B. blowing
C. falling D. beating
10. A. choices B. chances
C. challenges D. changes
11. A. professor B. doctor
C. reporter D. model
12. A. in danger B. in action
C. in trouble D. in charge
13. A. weak B. powerful
C. youthful D. empty
14. A. came back B. closed down
C. went by D. opened up
15. A. hope B. hardship
C. harmony D. sadness
16. A. constantly B. shortly
C. hardly D. nearly
17. A. and B. but
C. or D. for
18. A. description B. statement
C. praise D. introduction
19. A. secretly B. curiously
C. carelessly D. eagerly
20. A. doing B. considering
C. correcting D. reading
Ⅵ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。
Dear Tim，
I am Li Hua. This is my last year of high school, and I'll graduate this summer. I'm eighteen year old.
There is three people in my family and I'm the only one child, who is very common in Chinese families. My father work in a factory and my mother is a teacher. We lived a happy life together.
I'm cheerful boy.Besides my courses, I have much hobbies, like playing football, basketball and swimming.In the past, I collected in a lot of stamps, which are very preciously now because we seldom post a letter nowadays.I wonder if you can tell me something about myself, your family and daily school.
Yours，
Li Hua
Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.基础写作专练：根据句意完成句子，注意连接词的正确使用
1．________________， there is a museum near the theatre.
另外，在那家剧院附近有一家博物馆。
2．Through these websites, I can read some classic English passages, poems and stories.________________， I can learn some learning skills and methodologies, which play an important part in my study process.
通过这些网站，我可以阅读一些经典的英语文章、诗歌和故事。另外，我可以学会一些学习技能和方法，这在我的学习过程中起着重要的作用。
3．________________， it was harder than we had expected.
然而，这比我们期望的要难。
4．________________， I took many falls off the bike.
更糟糕的是，我从自行车上掉下来许多次。
5．________________， we should learn how to get along well with others.
另外，我们应该学会怎样和他人很好地相处。
6．In our school, ________________， things are quite different.
然而在我们学校，情况却大不一样。
7．I think we will have a good time there ________________I will send your photos taken there.
我想我们在那里会玩得很愉快，而且我将会把在那里拍的你的照片送给你。
8．________________， do let me know if you need more information.
另外，如果你需要更多的信息，一定要告诉我。
9．He was tired，________________ he kept working.
他很累了，可是他还一直工作。
10．The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols，________________ 48% of the boys like sports stars.
调查结果表明一半的女孩选择电影和电视明星作为她们的偶像，然而，48%的男孩喜欢体育明星。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
For years scientists have been worrying about the effects of air pollution on the earth's natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.
Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.
People have paid more attention to the problem now. It is true that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy. To do this, they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.
As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building—green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant's leaves absorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and through its tiny organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square metres of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals.
So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more healthy place.
1．Generally speaking, indoor air pollution may be more harmful than the air pollution outside because ________.
A．indoor air pollution can make a person seriously ill
B．man-made building materials give off dangerous gases
C．there may be more harmful gases outside the buildings
D．the air indoors is polluted, which is very harmful
2．Some kind of indoor pollution can be found in ________.
A. every modern house
B. every old house
C. all kinds of houses
D．all kinds of offices
3．The indoor air pollution is caused by ________.
A. the limit of the flow of air between inside and outside
B. the building way that the builders want to save energy
C. the building things that are made of man-made materials
D. the man-made building materials and the limit of airflow
4．The reason why we should use different kinds of plants to clean the air is that ________.
A. plants can let out all kinds of pollutants indoors
B. plants may take in more oxygen which people need
C. plants can absorb all kinds of harmful indoor chemicals
D. plants can make our houses prettier and more healthy
B
I went online to check if my pay was in my bank account. To my amazement I discovered that not only had I been paid, a company I'd never worked for had also paid me! I knew I'd have been beside_myself if my own salary was not in my account, so I tried to get the money back to the right person. Easier said than done.
The bank couldn't help as it wasn't a bank problem. The human resources department at the company that paid me was unable to help as I didn't have enough details. I rang the bank again. Thankfully I had a sympathetic call operator who gave me a name, so I again rang the company “Daniel” worked for.
I expected the bank would contact me to arrange to take the money from my account and repay Daniel. I heard nothing for a month and the money remained in my account when Daniel called, explaining he'd tried to get back his money but had been unsuccessful as neither the bank nor his company felt it was their error. He had rung to ask if I could speak to the bank, but after chatting for a few minutes we realized we could probably fix this problem ourselves.
We decided I would take the money from my account and he would pick it up from me. Due to my busy job I was unable to meet Daniel personally but he left me a lovely bottle of wine in exchange for what was rightfully his. I never had any intention of keeping Daniel's pay but red tape(烦琐手续) made it difficult to do the right thing. It all came down to two people being able to do what a huge bank and a large company couldn't do—admit a mistake has occurred and fix it.
5．What was the attitude of the author towards the extra money in his bank account?
A. He didn't know what to do with it.
B. He felt lucky to get it.
C. He thought of keeping it for himself.
D. He wanted to return it to the right person.
6．The underlined phrase “beside myself”(in Paragraph 1) probably means “________”．
A. very fortunate B. very angry
C. really thankful D. at ease
7．How was the problem solved in the end?
A. The author and Daniel solved the problem themselves.
B. It cost Daniel a lovely bottle of wine to get back his money.
C. The author gave the money back to the company.
D. The call operator offered to solve their problem.
8．From the passage we can infer that________.
A. the bank could solve the problem soon and easily with the red tape
B. some large organizations usually have troublesome official rules
C. Daniel didn't know the error before he contacted the author
D. the company gave the wrong account to the bank
Ⅲ. 书面表达
义工旅行在国外是一种非常流行的旅行方式。当前，这种旅行方式在中国也越来越受欢迎。义工旅行指青年旅行者靠在青年旅舍做义工换取免费食宿，并在工作空余时间在当地游玩的旅行方式。请你根据下列要点写一篇100词左右的短文。
1．介绍义工旅行的情况；
2．发表你对这一旅行方式的评论(如体验不同文化、节省开支……)。
参考词汇：义工volunteer 青年旅舍youth hostel
参考答案
Unit 1 Great scientists
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.1. exposed 2. victims 3.instructions 4. pollution
5. conclusion 6. severe 7.blame 8.announcement
9. defeated 10. absorbed
Ⅱ.1. to 2. with 3. of 4. to 5. of
Ⅲ.1. face the challenge 2.is linked to 3. put forward
4．was absorbed in 5. take the blame for 6. come to a conclusion
7. attend to 8.has been exposed to 9. made an announcement
10. slow down
Ⅳ.1. is to blame 2. had the machine mended 3.should spend 4. Every time 5. Neither his teacher nor his classmates
6. not until she spoke
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦的前妻Mari 的故事。
1．A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“To give her husband more help, Mari gave up her own work, and became a good wife and assistant. She tried her best to encourage him whenever possible.”可知在研究上，Mari 给予爱因斯坦很大的帮助，故选A。
2．D 词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知画线词组的意思为“定居”，故选D。
3．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The war not only stopped Einstein's work but also broke up the warm, happy family. In 1919, Einstein and Mari had to get divorced.”可知，战争阻止Mari 回到柏林。故选D。
4．B 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦的前妻Mari 的故事。作者想要告诉我们当我们谈到爱因斯坦的理论的时候，不要忘记Mari，故选B。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一则寓言，讲述了两只青蛙掉到深坑里，边上围观的青蛙都说，这样的深坑掉下去和死没什么两样。其中，一只青蛙放弃了努力死掉了，而另一只不断地尝试，最后终于跳了出来。
1．how 考查关系词。修饰形容词deep，从句的引导词用关系副词how。
2．dead 考查形容词。as good as dead“和死没什么区别”，是固定用法。
3．saying 考查动词的时态。用动词的进行时表示动作正在发生，故填saying。
4．jumping 考查动名词。go on doing sth“继续做某事”，是固定搭配，故填jumping。
5．himself 考查反身代词。根据前文told him to stop可知这里指让他自己死去，故填himself。
6．harder 考查副词的比较级。根据语境知，这只青蛙跳得比以前更加努力，故填harder。
7．the 考查冠词。the whole time “整个时间”，作状语。故填the。
8．encouraging 考查非谓语动词。修饰名词word，所以用形容词作定语。encouraging令人鼓舞的；encouraged受到鼓舞的。填encouraging。
9．who 考查关系词。当先行词是those, one, ones, anyone, someone等并且指人时，用who。
10．through 考查介词。through the day一整天。故填through。
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.1. has been polluted 2. to handle 3.suspects 4. to expose
5. announced 6. contributes 7.construction 8.spinning
9．challenges 10.deadly
Ⅱ.1.draws a conclusion 2.put forward 3.Apart from
4．makes sense 5.Being exposed to 6.is to blame
7．are linked to 8.Absorbed in 9. lead to 10. look into
Ⅲ.1.Only if you study hard 2.with the light burning
3．Every time my uncle comes to 4. had his car repaired
5. To learn English well 6.having a rest
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乔布斯从上学期间到成为苹果CEO的成长过程。
1．B 细节理解题。由第一段可知，读大学对乔布斯来说太贵了，他连睡觉的地方都没有，故选B项。
2．C 推理判断题。由第三段可知，公司在一间车库成立，创立前十年经历了许多的艰难和失败，故选C项。
3．B 细节理解题。倒数第二段说乔布斯重回苹果任CEO以后，公司扭亏为盈，开发出很多新产品，因而在他的领导下，公司重现生机和活力，故选B项。
4．A 推理判断题。最后一段乔布斯结合自己的经历，说明要取得成就关键是找出自己所热爱的事业，故选A项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 文章讲述了“我”的母亲的事迹。
1．G 作为母亲，她对“我们”的关爱无微不至。由前一句“As a teacher，she works hard.”可知，作为老师她工作认真；后一句说明“我”和哥哥都很爱她，她也很爱“我们”。从上下文推断，故选G。
2．B 前文说母亲待在学校里的时间很长，后文说母亲耐心地照顾他们，把他们教育得很好，可以推测出母亲很爱她的学生们，并且很照顾他们，故选B。
3．E “我”的母亲工作很努力，而且从来不乱花钱。第二段一整段都在写母亲工作认真，并且从来没给自己买过什么好衣服。所以开头应该概括第二段，故选E。
4．F 后文写母亲只是在很忙的时候在外面吃一些简单的食物，可以推测前文母亲舍不得在大酒店里面吃饭，故选F。
5．D 前文写母亲的谆谆教诲，后面应该接“‘我’将永远记住它”，故选D。
Period Three Grammar
Ⅰ.1.written 2.dressed 3.broken 4.well-known 5.saved
Ⅱ.1. played 2. saying 3. hosted 4. to settle 5. to give
6．driven 7. delivered 8. burned 9.seated 10.gone；coming
Ⅲ.1.satisfied smile 2.anything unsolved 3.newly built school
4．looked quite deserted 5.are gone 6.loved by his students
7．advertised on TV 8.sold in the supermarket 9.feel tired
10．pronounced death
Ⅳ.1.became infected with 2.look so tired
3．was disappointed with 4.was shocked to hear
5．qualified workers
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 母亲乐观、积极进取的生活态度影响着“我”，使“我”也和她一样，不担心犯错误，积极地面对每一个挑战。
1．B 该句考查了短语play…role in。 直到几年以后“我”才最终理解模特这一职业在你的生活中扮演了什么样的角色。
2．A 这里指的是节约每一分钱去学习法律，所以选save，意为“节约，节省”。make 做，制造；donate捐赠；receive收到。
3．C 由第二段中的 “When you said you were in law school…”可知答案。
4．A 此处what引导一个名词性从句，作从句谓语动词told的直接宾语，构成tell sb sth结构。 引导名词性从句时，that表陈述，不作任何成分，which作定语，where作地点状语。
5．D 这里指的是埋头苦读，所以用be buried under。
6．C 下一句是作者的疑问“Why were you doing what I do…”， 由此可以看出，作者对妈妈的行为颇为不解，感到很疑惑，所以选puzzled，意为“疑惑的，不解的”。下文也有提示“…I was more puzzled.”。
7．B 由常识可知，她妈妈和她一样，记忆课本知识，为了考试而学习，所以用tests。role 角色；position位置；show 表演。
8．D “我”更困惑了，当时“我”不知道妈妈们也能成为律师。此处表示“能够”，用could。
9．A 这里指的是母亲的话一直在“我”耳边响起，所以用ring，意为“回响”。blow 吹； fall 落下；beat击，打。
10．C 这里指面对生活的各种挑战：身为模特，还要完成学业，和父亲一起开办公司同时还要抚养5个孩子。所以选challenge，意为“挑战”。choice 选择； chance机会； change改变，变化。
11．D model “模特”。由文章第一段中的“…as you modelled for fashion photographers.”可知答案。
12．B 母亲在那么多事情中忙碌着，看得“我”都筋疲力尽了。四个选项中只有in action(在积极活动中)符合语境。 in danger 在危险中；in trouble 处于困境；in charge负责，管理。
13．C 由文章第一句“When I was a little girl…”可以看出，那时候“我”很小，所以用youthful，意为“年轻的”。weak 虚弱的； powerful 强大的； empty空的。
14．D “我”突然感到拥有无限的自由去放飞梦想，“我”的整个世界被打开了。所以选open up。 come back 回来；close down 关闭；go by 经过。
15．A 由“…seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.”可以看出，作者对生活充满了希望(hope)。hardship 困难； harmony和谐； sadness悲伤。
16．A 正是母亲的话使“我”不断地发现自己所取得的成就。所以选constantly，意为“时常地，不断地”。shortly 立刻；hardly几乎不；nearly差不多。
17．C 和前面的either 构成 either…or…结构，意为“或者……或者……”。
18．B 这里指的是上文母亲对“我”的教导“In life, you can do anything you want to do.”由第三段第一句中的“As young as I was, that statement…”可知选statement，意为“陈述，所说的话”。 description 描述；praise表扬；introduction介绍，引进。
19．D 在母亲的激励下，在人生的道路上“我”毅然前行，不担心犯错误，积极地面对每一个挑战，所以选eagerly，意为“急切地，热切地”。secretly 秘密地；curiously 好奇地；carelessly 粗心地。
20．A 由上文“You did it…”， 可知选A。句意：你做到了，并且“我”正在做。 consider考虑；correct改正；read读。
Ⅵ.Dear Tim，
I am Li Hua. This is my last year of high school, and I'll graduate this summer. I'm eighteen _yea old.
There _i three people in my family and I'm the only one child, _wh is very common in Chinese families. My father _wor in a factory and my mother is a teacher. We _live a happy life together.
I'm cheerful boy.Besides my courses, I have _muc hobbies, like playing football, basketball and swimming.In the past, I collected in a lot of stamps, which are very _preciousl now because we seldom post a letter nowadays.I wonder if you can tell me something about _mysel， your family and daily school.
Yours，
Li Hua
Period Four Writing
Ⅰ.1. In addition/Besides 2. What's more 3. However
4. Worse still 5. In addition 6. however 7. and
8. Also/Besides/In addition 9.however/nevertheless/yet
10．while
Ⅱ.A
【文章大意】 文章主要讲述了室内污染的危害及其有效的解决措施。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To do this, they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside…These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.”可知，选B。
2．A 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.”可知，室内污染存在于每个现代房屋中。故选A。
3．D 细节理解题。由第三段“To do this, they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials.”可知，室内人造建筑材料和封闭的室内空气流动环境造成了室内污染。故选D。
4．C 细节理解题。本文最后两句“So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more healthy place.”即为答案。故选C。
B
【文章大意】 作者上网查询银行账户是否收到了工资，但让作者感到吃惊的是他不仅收到了工资，他的账户中还多出了一笔钱。作者打算把钱还给它真正的主人，但说起来容易做起来难。银行和公司都以不是他们的错误为由而拒绝解决这件事情。
5．D 作者态度题。根据第一段中的“…so I tried to get the money back to the right person.”可知，作者打算把账户里多出来的钱还给它真正的主人，故选D。
6．B 词义猜测题。根据“…if my own salary was not in my account…”可知，这里假设的是如果没有收到钱，收不到钱的话，作者不可能会感到幸运、感激或放心，排除A，C，D。beside oneself “极度兴奋，感情失去控制”，这里的意思是“生气”，故选B。
7．A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后“…but after chatting for a few minutes we realized we could probably fix this problem ourselves.”和第四段可知，作者和Daniel两个人私下把事情解决了，故选A。
8．B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The bank couldn't help as it wasn't a bank problem.”可排除A；根据第三段“…when Daniel called, explaining he'd tried to get back his money but had been unsuccessful…”排除C；根据第三段“…as neither the bank nor his company felt it was their error.”排除D；根据最后一段中的“…two people being able to do what a huge bank and a large company couldn't do—admit a mistake has occurred and fix it.”可知，一家大银行和一家大型公司不能解决的事情被两个人解决了，它们不愿承认所犯的错误并加以改正，说明一些大的团体或机构有着烦琐的规定，使本来简单的事情变得烦琐，故选B。
Ⅲ.Volunteer Travel, which is familiar to foreigners, has nowadays become more and more popular in China. Young travellers volunteer to work for youth hostels so that they can eat and live there for free. At the same time, they can enjoy the local scenery in their spare time.
In my opinion, Volunteer Travel has some advantages and benefits you a lot. It can save you a lot of money by providing free accommodations, which makes it possible for you to travel to many more places and experience different cultures. Meanwhile, Volunteer Travel enriches your life by offering different jobs in youth hostels, which can also change your way of life. Believe it or not, Volunteer Travel will be wonderful memories in your life.
单元小测（一）
Ⅰ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I often hear the couple upstairs quarrelling about who is ________(blame) for their spoiled child.
2．His goal in life was to make a ________(contribute) to the happiness of others.
3．Though the young man majored in engineering at college, he still found the machine hard ________(handle).
4．The artist has ________(create) several pieces of world-famous works, which win respect for him.
5．It took more than ten years ________(construction) such a wonderful building.
6．Friends are like leaves，________(find) everywhere，but true friends are like diamonds，precious and rare.
7．The needle treatment ________(date) from the ancient times has cured many diseases.
8．I wonder why Ann didn't get ________(offer) the job.She was the right person for it.
9．The country，________(locate) in the north of Shanxi，has a history of more than 1,400 years.
10．It's wonderful to hike with Dad and I have felt ________(protect) with him.
Ⅱ. 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)
1．There is no doubt that the long-term and steady relationship between China and the US will contribute ________world peace.
2．Happiness isn't always connected with money. More often than not, it goes hand in hand ________a positive attitude to life.
3．While Mrs Liu loves her students and treats them as her own kids, she is strict________them in their studies.
4．—I'm going to London on business next week.
—That's great. You can take advantage________the opportunity to practise your spoken English.
5．Many high buildings are ________construction in the centre of our city.
Ⅲ.完形填空
A girl complained to her father about her hard life. She didn't know what she could do and wanted to __1__. She was tired of fighting and fighting. One problem had been settled, but __2__ appeared.
Her father, a cook, took her into the __3__. He poured water into three pots and boiled it. After the water came to a boil, he put some __4__ in the first pot, eggs in the second and coffee in the last. He waited for them for a few minutes __5__ any words.
The girl closed her mouth and waited, impatient and __6__ by what her father was doing. After about 20 minutes, her father __7__ the stove, took out the carrots and put them in a bowl. He took the eggs and put them in another bowl. After that he __8__ the coffee into a cup. Turning back to his __9__， he asked, “Sweetheart, what do you see？”
“Carrots, eggs and coffee，” she replied.
Her father asked her to __10__ the carrots. She did and felt that the carrots were __11__.
__12__he asked her to take the eggs and break them. After peeling them, she felt the eggs were hard.
Last, her father asked her to smell the coffee.
She asked, “What does this __13__ , Father？”
He __14__ that each of the things had felt the same unfortunate fate. They were all boiled in __15__ , but with a __16__ result. The strong and hard carrots became soft and weak after being boiled. The fragile(易碎的) eggs became __17__ after cooking. Coffee grounds were very unique. They could change the water.
“ __18__ one are you？” asked her father. “When calamity(不幸的事) __19__ on your door, what will your __20__ be? Are you carrots, eggs or coffee？”
1．A. give in B. give up
C. go on D. carry on
2．A. the other B. the rest
C. another D. the second
3．A. kitchen B. storeroom
C. backyard D. bedroom
4．A. potatoes B. carrots
C. tomatoes D. apples
5．A. with B. over
C. beyond D. without
6．A. confused B. excited
C. surprised D. relaxed
7．A. turned on B. turned down
C. turned off D. turned out
8．A. put B. poured
C. flew D. picked
9．A. son B. pot
C. kitchen D. daughter
10．A. touch B. eat
C. smell D. taste
11．A. strong B. heavy
C. light D. soft
12．A. Now that B. Since then
C. After that D. Once again
13．A. mean B. say
C. refer D. think
14．A. questioned B. explained
C. required D. suggested
15．A. water B. pot
C. stove D. fire
16．A. similar B. same
C. different D. wonderful
17．A. hard B. calm
C. delicious D. broken
18．A. What B. Whichever
C. Whose D. Which
19．A. looks B. touches
C. knocks D. waits
20．A. reaction B. responsibility
C. answer D. impression
Ⅳ.阅读理解
When humans and nature go head to head, nature often ends up losing. Rivers get polluted. Trees are knocked down. Natural resources are exhausted. That's what makes the Galápagos Islands so special—it's one of the few places on the Earth that nature can truly call its own.
For people used to having wild animals run at the scent of humans, a visit to the Galápagos is a real eye-opening experience. Over 1,600 km west of Ecuador, the islands are home to a unique variety of animals that have absolutely no fear of people. Visitors can play on the beach with sea lions and giant sea turtles, swim with dolphins and whales, and get close enough to the penguins to count the eggs in their nests.
The islands were declared a national park over 40 years ago, and the number of human visitors is tightly limited to avoid damaging the environment or putting stress on the animals. Tourists have to pay a $100 daily visitors fee, and can't step off the boat unless accompanied(陪同) by an official guide. Once on the islands, you have to stay on the trail(小径), but that seldom presents a problem: the animals are so curious about people that they'll usually come up to say hello.
“It's a little like being in a zoo，” said one traveller. “But instead of us looking at the animals, the animals are looking at us.”
Aside from the wildlife, one of the island's more unusual features is its post office. You can send postcards for free, but the problem is that there's no postman to collect them. Instead, travellers pick up mail addressed to people who live near them back home, and then hand-deliver the postcards when their trip is finished.
1．The Galápagos Islands are ________.
A. terribly polluted B. near Ecuador
C. in the Atlantic Ocean D. independent of Ecuador
2．Which animal is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Whales. B. Sea lions.
C. Goats. D. Dolphins.
3．On the Galápagos Islands the mail is delivered by ________.
A. the government B. the post office
C. the tourists D. the guides
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Special “zoo”
B. Humans and nature
C. Go head to head
D. Ecuador—an island country
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The weather is getting hotter. Having taken exercise, we will become much 1.________ (thirst). A cold drink may be just 2.________ thing. But most of us are never concerned about what we drink. There are plenty of “energy drinks” on the market. Most of them have an attractive colour or cool name. Something that looks cool may be harmful to our 3.________ (safe).
4．________ a careful check, we may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine(咖啡因) in them, 5.________ (typical) aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players. Makers sometimes say 6.________ drinks make us better at sports and can keep us awake. 7.________ be careful not to drink too much.
Research by Australian scientists found caffeine makes our heart beat fast, which in most energy drinks is at least as strong as 8.________ in a cup of coffee or tea and that many teenagers are 9.________ (affect) by caffeine. There are possible health risks connected with energy drinks. Just one can of energy drink can make us nervous, 10.________(cause) heart attacks. So why not stop drinking it right now?
参考答案
单元小测(一)
Ⅰ.1. to blame 2. contribution 3.to handle 4.created
5. to construct 6.found 7.dating 8.offered 9.located
10. protected
Ⅱ.1. to 2. with 3.with 4. of 5. under
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 文章讲述了父亲在女儿生活遇到麻烦时，用开水煮胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡的烹饪方法，揭示了一个重要的人生道理：我们在经历了困难和挣扎之后，应该成为能够改变自己命运的主人。
1．B give in屈服；give up放弃；go on继续；carry on继续。女儿对困难不知所措，想要放弃。根据上文提到的“A girl complained to her father about her hard life.”可知选B项。
2．C the other(两者中的)另一个；the rest其余的；another另外一个；the second第二个。一个问题解决而另外一个问题又出现了，another 表示另外中的一个，故选C项。
3．A kitchen厨房；storeroom储藏室；backyard后院；bedroom卧室。take sb into someplace 把某人带入某地。厨师父亲把女儿带进了厨房，故选A项。
4．B 当水开后，他放了一些胡萝卜进去。根据下文提到的“‘Carrots, eggs and coffee，’she replied.”可知选B项。
5．D 他没有(without)说话，等待了一会儿。根据语境可知选D项。
6．A confused困惑的；excited兴奋的；surprised吃惊的；relaxed放松的。句意：女儿闭上了嘴，等待着，对父亲所做的事感到不耐烦和困惑。根据语境可知选A项。
7．C turn on打开；turn down拒绝；turn off关；turn out证明。句意：大约二十分钟后，父亲关上火炉，把它们放在碗里。根据语境可知选C项。
8．B put放；pour倒出；fly飞；pick抓住。句意：然后，他倒了杯咖啡。根据下文提到的“Last, her father asked her to smell the coffee.”可知选B项。
9．D 他背过身转向女儿，问：“亲爱的，你看到什么了？”根据语境可知是对女儿说，故选D项。
10．A touch接触；eat吃；smell闻；taste尝。句意：父亲要求她去摸摸胡萝卜。根据“She did and felt that the carrots were…”可知选A项。
11．D strong强壮的；heavy重的；light轻的；soft软的。句意：她照做了但感觉胡萝卜很软。根据常识可知选D项。
12．C now that既然；since then自从；after that此后；once again再次。句意：此后，他又要求女儿拿起鸡蛋，打开。根据语境可知选C项。
13．A 她问：“这是什么意思，爸爸？”根据语境可知选A项。
14．B question提问；explain解释；require要求；suggest建议。他解释说每个事物都经历了相同不幸的命运。根据语境可知选B项。
15．A water水；pot罐子；stove炉子；fire火。它们都在水里被煮过。根据上文提到的“After the water came to a boil, he put some…in the first pot…”可知选A项。
16．C similar类似的；same相同的；different不同的；wonderful精彩的。句意：但有不同的结果。根据语境可知选C项。
17．A hard困难的，硬的；calm平静的；delicious美味的；broken打碎的。煮过后，易碎的鸡蛋变得很硬。根据语境可知选A项。
18．D 你会变成哪一个呢？根据语境可知选D项。
19．C 当不幸的事情来临时，你的反应是什么？knock on your door“敲你的门”，引申为“问题来时”，故选C项。
20．A reaction反应；responsibility责任；answer回答；impression印象。句意：当不幸的事情来临时，你的反应是什么？根据语境可知选A项。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 位于厄瓜多尔以西1600公里处的加拉帕戈斯群岛是有名的保护的最好的动物乐园，那里堪称是最天然的地方，几乎没有遭到人类活动的破坏。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Over 1,600 km west of Ecuador…”可知，加拉帕戈斯群岛位于距离厄瓜多尔西部1600公里的地方，故选B。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段“…sea lions and giant sea turtles, swim with dolphins and whales, and get close enough to the penguins…”可知，提到的动物有海狮、海龟、海豚、鲸鱼和企鹅，故选C。
3．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“…there's no postman to collect them. Instead, travellers pick up mail addressed to people who live near them back home, and then hand-deliver the postcards when their trip is finished.”可知，游客自己邮递信件，故选C。
4．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It's a little like being in a zoo…But instead of us looking at the animals, the animals are looking at us.”可知，这里就像是一个动物园，所不同的是，动物们会好奇地看着游客，而不是游客看动物，故选A。
Ⅴ.1.thirsty 2.the 3.safety 4.After 5.typically
6．their 7.But 8.that 9.affected 10.causing
综合能力测评(一)
Unit 1
本套试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷60分，第Ⅱ卷40分，共100分。考试时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共60分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Adventureland!
Everyone loves Adventureland! The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore(探索), enjoy, and admire their wonders. Every visit will be an unforgettable experience. You will go away enriched, longing to come back. What are you going to do this time?
The Travel Pavilion
Explore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.
Visit the Amazon jungle(丛林)village, the Turkish market, the Tai floating market, the Berber mountain house and others. Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives and things they make. You can try making a carpet, making fishing nets…
The Future Tower
This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we'll be living then. Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator(模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!
The Nature Park
This is not really one park but several.
In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers: see lions, giraffes, elephants in the wild. Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales. And then there is still the aviary to see…
The Pyramid
This is the centre of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping centre. Come here for information and ideas too.
1. The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors ________.
A. realize the importance of travelling
B. become familiar with mountain countries
C. learn how to make things such as fishing nets
D. learn something about different places in the world
2. If you are interested in knowing about what people's life will be in the future, you may visit ________.
A. the Travel Pavilion B. the Future Tower
C. the Nature Park D. the Pyramid
3. If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go?
A. The Pyramid. B. The Nature Park.
C. The Future Tower. D. The Travel Pavilion.
B
Did you ever notice that when you're fat, men don't look you in the eye? They look across your shoulder. There's no eye contact.
My name is Leslie. I am a real person. Up until two years ago, I was never looked in the eye by anyone.
I was too tired to be a lover to my husband. I was falling asleep by 8 o'clock most evenings. When I did go out for an evening, my husband was ashamed of me. And he said so to my face. When I walked, my thighs scraped together. I couldn't even cross my legs. I was fat. Not just “overweight”. Fat! I was 5′55 tall and weighed 205 pounds.
About 18 months ago, my husband Darrell left a “Dear Leslie” letter on my bed and asked for divorce.
I went to a psychologist for advice. I knew that my weight was the source of my troubles. But I'd tried 14 different diets, at which I failed one by one.
He listened carefully and recommended an entirely different programme. This was not a “diet”. It was a unique new weight-loss programme researched by a team of specialists who help to treat the severely fat. I entered the programme. Within the first four days, I lost only three pounds. So I was disappointed. But during the three weeks that followed, my weight began to drop from 205 pounds to 124 pounds. To me it was a miracle.
The reason why the programme worked was simple. I was always eating. I could eat six times every day. I could snack in the afternoon，and snack before dinner. I could even have snacks at night while watching TV.
How can you eat so much and still lose weight?
The secret is in the combination of foods, approved by the research team, which you eat in each 24-hour period. You will enjoy a variety of meats and vegetables. Even some light wine or beer if you wish. But be sure to have them in the right proportion(比例), thus a complete 24-hour fat-reduction cycle is formed.
Without hunger, without nervousness, it lets you lose pounds so easily. Once you lose the weight, you'll keep it off. Forever, I am sure of that.
4. Leslie ________.
A. had never looked anybody in the eye
B. had difficulties in walking because she was too fat
C. was disliked by her husband because she went to bed too early each evening
D. was often embarrassed because she was overweight for her height
5. Leslie went to a psychologist for advice in order to ________.
A. lose her weight B. recover her marriage
C. get a vegetarian diet D. become an advisor
6. The weight-loss programme worked very well. The reason is that ________.
A. Leslie ate very little food and sometimes even fast food
B. Leslie only had snacks and never had dinners
C. Leslie could have rich food several times a day in the right proportion
D. Leslie had rich food whenever she felt hungry
7. Where do you think this article is most likely to appear?
A. Daily newspaper. B. Women's magazine.
C. A part of a novel. D. Newsweek magazine.
C
Neighbours play an important role in our lives. Their lifestyles, friends, and social habits can have a strong influence on our lives. So it's a good idea to get along well with neighbours and build a better relationship that will last for many years to come. But how should you get along with your neighbours?
When you hear of a special need you can meet, do it, such as sitting with a sick child while your neighbour goes to work or taking an elderly parent to a doctor's appointment when their car won't start.
If you hear that someone close by is ill, has had an accident, or is out of work, give him/her a hot meal or a fresh dessert. Your kindness will add a special feeling during a difficult time. If your neighbour is cutting down a tree or building a doghouse, offer helping hands to him/her. There is no better way to build relationship. Besides, you never know when the favour might be returned.
Exchange holiday cards, gifts or traditions. Invite your neighbours over for a cup of coffee or lunch. A backyard barbecue can be a great way to share food and fun. If they've watched your kids grow up or been concerned about your family events, they may want to share these special events.
Plan a party. Invite all your neighbours to your party. Planning and carrying out the activity helps everyone to know and understand each other.
Your neighbours are like your family in many ways since you have to live with them, or near them, for a long time. Appreciate their strong points and ignore weak points, and everyone will get along well.
8．According to the passage, to build a good relationship with your neighbours, you should________.
A. do housework for them when they are sick
B. try to give them a helping hand
C. give them a good job if they're out of work
D. lend them money when their parents are ill
9．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Tips on how to form a healthy lifestyle.
B. The best way to form good habits.
C. The importance of being helpful.
D. Tips on how to get along with your neighbours.
10．The purpose of the first paragraph is to________.
A. introduce how you can get along well with your friends
B. show how to make friends with your new neighbours
C. explain the importance of getting along well with your neighbours
D. list the advantages of building strong family relationships
11．In the writer's opinion, which one is the right thing you should do?
A. Invite your neighbours to take part in your family activities.
B. Always share your food with your neighbours.
C. Ask your neighbours for help whenever you're in trouble.
D. Help your neighbours make improvements on their weak points.
D
Knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your time properly, you can do your homework more quickly. Learning to study is not difficult.
The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. It doesn't mean that you must always like the subjects. It does mean, however, that you must be willing to do whatever is necessary to learn. Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things. Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes the subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them.
Here's some advice for you: have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions; have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, some paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start; read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things; when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing; check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview.
12. The main purpose of the article is________.
A. to prove that learning is not difficult
B. to make the readers be interested in study
C. to tell the importance of self-teaching
D. to tell the students how to study well
13. The first thing to remember in studying is that________.
A. you must like the subjects B. you must follow the teacher
C. you must enjoy learning D. you must study hard
14. We learn things because________.
A. our parents want us to learn B. every student learns at school
C. we may use them in the future D. we like the subjects
15. Which of the following is NOT the advice given in the article?
A. To put a pen, some paper and books beside you before study.
B. To study at any possible time and place.
C. To review and preview.
D. To pay attention to the most important things.
第二节 阅读填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Choosing the right job is probably one of the most important decisions we have to make in life, and it is frequently one of the hardest decisions we have to make. One important question that you might ask yourself is: “How do I get a good job？”__16__
There are people who can answer an insignificant advertisement in the local paper and land the best job in the world; others write to all sorts of places all over the country, and never seem to get a reply at all. Still others believe that the in-person, door-to-door approach is by far the best way to get a job; and then there are those who, through no active decision of their own, just seem to be in the right place at the right time. __17__ He used to spend a lot of his free time down by the sea watching the tall ships, but never thinking that he might one day sail one of them. His father was a farmer, and being a sailor could never be anything for the boy but an idle dream. One day, on his usual wandering, he heard the captain of a ship complaining that he could not sail because one member of his crew was sick. Without stopping to think, the lad(少年) offered to take his place. __18__
__19__ If the lad had gone home to ponder(考虑)his decision for a week, he may have missed his chance. It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well.
Sometimes we hear stories about people who break all the rules and still seem to land plum jobs(肥差). When you go for a job interview or fill out an application, you are expected to say nice things about the company to which you are applying. __20__ And within a year this person became general manager of the company.
A．This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself.
B．People find jobs in an infinite number of ways.
C．It's almost impossible to find a good job by answering an advertisement in newspapers.
D．Take the young man who wanted to be a sailor for example.
E．But there was one person who landed an excellent job by telling the interviewer all the company's faults.
F．He spent the rest of his life happily sailing the ships he had always loved.
G．It is very important to seize an opportunity when it presents itself.
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was still a long way, especially when a wind was blowing in. Trint reached for his jacket and __21__ when he saw the box on the passenger seat. His mother had been __22__ him spending Christmas on the road __23__ and had given him a box filled with __24__. His mum still __25__ him like a kid, though he was a driver now. He reached into the stocking and __26__ a toy truck that looked a lot like his truck. He wondered how many stores his mother had to go before she found such a close match. __27__ filled his eyes.
He climbed out of his cab(驾驶室) and ran into the all-night cafe, __28__ which many truckers were eating and talking. And a family of three were huddled(挤在一起) in a corner, tired and __29__.
Trint __30__ the boy. No kid should have to spend Christmas Eve in a truck stop.
Trint missed his family. His mum raised four kids by herself, __31__ no matter how __32__ life was, she'd always make sure they had a good Christmas. Then he __33__ his box in the truck.
He looked at the kid again and knew what he had to do. He forced himself into the __34__ outside to open his truck. He took the __35__ out of the cab and hurried back to the warmth of the cafe. He walked to the family. “I think __36__ left this for you，” Trint said and handed the red stocking to the boy. “Tell Santa…well, tell him __37__， ” the boy's father said and shook Trint's hand long and hard. The mother smiled gratefully. The boy __38__ reached out and caught the stocking and dug inside.
Trint felt good. He had a job he loved, clear weather and miles of open roads ahead. He wasn't __39__ any more, or lonely. He loved this life and he wouldn't __40__ a thing.
21．A. continued B. moved C. left D. stopped
22．A. worried about B. excited at
C. satisfied with D. disappointed at
23．A. backward B. alone C. together D. ahead
24．A. flowers B. cakes C. presents D. chocolates
25．A. blamed B. treated C. thought D. respected
26．A. put back B. turned over C. brought out D. sold out
27．A. Tears B. Water C. Blood D. Sweat
28．A. around B. on C. by D. inside
29．A. excited B. unhappy C. enthusiastic D. pleased
30．A. felt proud of B. got tired of
C. felt sorry for D. became interested in
31．A. for B. so C. though D. but
32．A. hard B. unfair C. hopeless D. boring
33．A. threw away B. sent back C. thought of D. put down
34．A. cold B. warmth C. snow D. rain
35．A. toy truck B. jacket C. bag D. stocking
36．A. God B. Santa Claus C. my mother D. someone kind
37．A. yes B. no C. sorry D. thanks
38．A. sadly B. weakly C. eagerly D. seriously
39．A. surprised B. tired C. relaxed D. confused
40．A. improve B. miss C. throw D. change
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共40分)
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past a gentleman would offer his seat 41.________ a lady on a crowded bus. But now, he will probably look out of the window or hide behind his newspaper, 42.________ (leave) the lady standing 43.________ someone else gets off. You can't entirely blame men 44.________ this change in manners. Gone are the days when women could be referred to the weak. A whole generation has grown up demanding 45.________ (equal) with men in jobs, in education and in social life. Hold a door for some women 46.________ you are likely to get an angry lecture on treating women 47.________ weaklings. Take a girl out for a meal and she'll probably insist on paying 48.________ share of the bill. All these, according to some 49.________(sociology), will change men's attitude towards women and the conventional active politeness is perhaps slowly being 50.________ (replace) by true consideration for the needs and feelings of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.
Ⅳ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I am a big fan of Yao Ming and always wanting to be able to play basketball as him. Sad, when I was very young, and I was very short. But when I started senior high, I also started to grow. I was the taller boy in our class by the time I was fifteen and was picking to play for the school basketball team. We trained very hard every day, but I never gave in. On the day I played for the school team for first time, I got the highest score and our teams won. Everyone in my school congratulated us and it is like a dream. I will never forget that day.
Ⅴ.书面表达(满分20分)
假定你是李华，你的朋友Jack 在第二十六届英语演讲比赛中取得了第一名的好成绩，你给他写信祝贺。
要点包括：
1. 得知他取得英语演讲比赛第一名的好成绩向他表示祝贺；
2. 对他获奖一事的看法和认识；
3. 希望与他共进晚餐以示庆祝。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考答案
综合能力测评(一)
Ⅰ.第一节 A 【文章大意】 这篇文章介绍了可以供游客冒险游玩的几个地方。
1．D 细节理解题。根据“Explore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.”可知，the Travel Pavilion可以帮助游客了解世界上的不同地方。
2．B 细节理解题。根据“This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we'll be living then.”可知，如果你对未来的生活感兴趣，你可以参观the Future Tower。
3．A 细节理解题。根据“This is the centre of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping centre. Come here for information and ideas too.”可知，如果你想要把一个玩具狮子带回家，你可以去the Pyramid。
B 【文章大意】 Leslie是一个非常胖的人，她认为当一个人很胖时，人们是不会和她有眼神接触的。因为肥胖的问题，Leslie的丈夫和她提出了离婚。在尝试了很多种减肥计划无果的情况下，Leslie去看了心理医生。借助于一项由专家研究出来的减肥计划，Leslie的体重有了明显的下降。
4．D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“…I was never looked in the eye by anyone.”可知，是别人没有和Leslie有过眼神接触，排除A；根据第三段中的“I couldn't even cross my legs.”可知，Leslie因为太胖而无法把双腿交叉在一起，排除B；根据第五段中的“I knew that my weight was the source of my troubles.”可知，丈夫和Leslie离婚是因为她的体重问题，排除C，故选D。
5．A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I went to a psychologist for advice. I knew that my weight was the source of my troubles.”可知，Leslie去看心理医生是为了她的体重问题，故选A。
6．C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“You will enjoy a variety of meats and vegetables.”可排除A、B；根据倒数第二段中的“The secret is in the combination of foods…But be sure to have them in the right proportion(比例)…”可知，体重减少的秘密在于食物的搭配比例，必须按照一定的比例食用各种食物，而不是随时吃东西，排除D。故选C。
7．B 推理判断题。根据文章大意可知，文章主要讲的是一种对女性很有用的减肥计划，因此最有可能摘自女性杂志，故选B。
C 【文章大意】 在本文中作者首先讲述了邻居在我们生活中的重要性，然后又给出了几个具体的如何与邻居相处的建议。
8．B 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“If you hear that someone close by is ill, has had an accident, or is out of work, give him/her a hot meal or a fresh dessert. Your kindness will add a special feeling during a difficult time. If your neighbour is cutting down a tree or building a doghouse, offer helping hands to him/her.”可知，如果我们想和邻居建立很好的关系，在他们需要帮助的时候伸出自己的援助之手是一个很好的方法。故B正确。
9．D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“So it's a good idea to get along well with neighbours and build a better relationship that will last for many years to come. But how should you get along with your neighbours？”可知，本文讲述的是如何和邻居和谐相处的几个具体的建议和做法。故D正确。
10．C 段落大意题。根据第一段的“Neighbours play an important role in our lives. Their lifestyles, friends, and social habits can have a strong influence on our lives.”可知，本段主要讲述的是在我们的生活中邻居的重要作用。故C正确。
11．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Plan a party. Invite all your neighbours to your party.”可知，作者认为，邀请你的邻居参加你的聚会是正确的事情，故A项正确。
D 【文章大意】 文章主要讲的是怎样提高学习成绩。了解最好的学习方法能够帮助你成为一个更优秀的学生。通过合理安排时间，写作业的速度可以加快。学会学习并非难事。
12．D 写作意图题。根据第一段中的“Knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student.”和第三段中的“Here's some advice for you…”可知，文章主要告诉读者一些提高学习成绩的方法，故选D。
13．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn.”可知，要想把学习搞好，一个人首先必须愿意学习，故选C。
14．C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things.”和下面列举的例子可知，学习知识是因为我们将来会用它们来处理事情，故选C。
15．B 推理判断题。根据“…have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, some paper, a pen and books…”可知A项正确；根据“…never forget the importance of review and preview.”可知C项正确；根据“…pay special attention to the most important things…”可知D项正确；根据“…have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study…”可知，每天的学习时间应该固定下来，而且应该找一个安静的地方来学习，B项错误，故选B。
第二节 16～20 BDFAE
Ⅱ. 【文章大意】 文章讲述了一个以圣诞节为背景的故事。Trint在圣诞节来临之际却不能与家人团聚，冒着寒风，他不得不开车行驶在路上。当Trint发现妈妈为他准备的圣诞节礼物时，他感动地流下了眼泪。Trint很同情在小餐馆角落的小男孩，所以他把妈妈给他的礼物送给了那个男孩。Trint认为自己的工作很有意义，并不会放弃自己的工作。
21．D continue继续；move移动；leave离开；stop停止。Trint伸手去拿夹克时，看到副驾驶座位上有一个盒子，这时他停住了拿衣服的动作，故选D。
22．A be worried about担心；be excited at因……而兴奋；be satisfied with对……满意；be disappointed at因……而失望。Trint的妈妈一直担心他会在路上度过圣诞节，故选A。
23．B backward向后的；alone单独的；together一起；ahead提前。根据前面的“担心”可知，Trint是一个人孤零零地在路上过圣诞节，故选B。
24．C flower鲜花；cake蛋糕；present礼物；chocolate巧克力。根据下文可知，妈妈为Trint准备了圣诞礼物，是一个玩具卡车，故选C。
25．B blame责备；treat对待；think认为；respect尊重。妈妈还是把Trint当作小孩来看待，故选B。
26．C put back推迟；turn over移交，仔细考虑；bring out取出，生产，出版，使显现；sell out售完。他从装圣诞礼物的长袜里拿出了一个玩具卡车，故选C。
27．A tear眼泪；water水；blood血液；sweat汗水。根据“He wondered how many stores his mother had to go…”可知，妈妈一定跑了很多家商店才买到如此相像的玩具卡车，Trint感动得眼含泪水，故选A。
28．D around在周围；on在……上面，关于；by通过；inside在里面。很多卡车司机在里面吃东西、交谈，故选D。
29．B excited激动的；unhappy不开心的；enthusiastic热情的；pleased满意的。一家三口挤在一个角落里，根据tired可知，空白处所填词与它在感彩上一致，排除A、C、D，故选B。
30．C feel proud of为……自豪；get tired of厌烦；feel sorry for同情……；become interested in开始对……感兴趣。根据“No kid should have to spend Christmas Eve in a truck stop.”可知，Trint很同情那个孩子，故选C。
31．D for因为；so因此；though尽管；but但是。他的妈妈养活了四个孩子，但不管生活多么难，她总是确保孩子们过一个开心的圣诞节，前后表示转折，故选D。
32．A hard困难的，努力的，坚硬的；unfair不公平的；hopeless没有希望的；boring令人厌烦的。根据“His mum raised four kids by herself…”可知，一个人带四个孩子，生活可能是艰难的，故选A。
33．C throw away扔掉；send back送回，归还；think of想起，考虑；put down记下，镇压。这时，他想到了卡车里的礼物盒，故选C。
34．A cold寒冷；warmth暖和；snow雪；rain雨。根据第一段的“…a wind was blowing in.”可知，外面很冷。根据下文的“…back to the warmth of the cafe.”可知答案，故选A。
35．D toy truck玩具卡车；jacket夹克衫；bag包；stocking长袜。根据下文“…handed the red stocking to the boy.”可知，Trint跑回车里拿了装着礼物的长袜，故选D。
36．B God上帝；Santa Claus圣诞老人；my mother我的妈妈；someone kind好心人。跟圣诞节有关的人物是“圣诞老人”，故选B。
37．D yes是的；no不；sorry对不起；thanks谢谢。男孩的爸爸对Trint说“向圣诞老人道谢”，故选D。
38．C sadly悲伤地；weakly虚弱地；eagerly急切地；seriously严重地，严肃地。男孩迫不及待地伸手接过长袜开始搜寻里面的礼物，故选C。
39．B surprised惊讶的；tired劳累的；relaxed放松的；confused困惑的。漫漫长路，他不再感到疲劳或孤独，tired与lonely并列，故选B。
40．D improve提高；miss错过；throw扔；change改变。Trint热爱这样的生活，并决定不会改变，故选D。
Ⅲ.41.to 42.leaving 43.until 44.for 45.equality 46.and 47.as
48．her 49.sociologists 50.replaced
Ⅳ.I am a big fan of Yao Ming and always _wantin to be able to play basketball _a him. _Sa， when I was very young, and I was very short. But when I started senior high, I also started to grow. I was the _talle boy in our class by the time I was fifteen and was _pickin to play for the school basketball team. We trained very hard every day, but I never gave _i. On the day I played for the school team for first time, I got the highest score and our _team won. Everyone in my school congratulated us and it _i like a dream. I will never forget that day.
Ⅴ.One possible version：
Dear Jack，
I have learned with great delight that you have won the championship of the 26th English Speech Contest. I would like to express my congratulations to you on your success. I feel very proud of you. And it's really good news to your family and teachers.
Winning the championship of the English Speech Contest is quite exciting news! You must be very happy and excited at this moment. I know this is surely the result of your diligence and intelligence; it is a reward you richly deserve.
With your excellence, I am sure that you will be successful in whatever you undertake. I hope that I can have dinner with you and express my congratulations face to face. Again, please accept my sincere congratulations.
Best wishes for your further success!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
