-2023-2024学年高中英语阅读写作学案之中国传统文化专题05 中国元素 扎染（含答案）

高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化
中国元素 扎染（素材+时文阅读+语法填空+书面表达）
第一部分 话题素材积累
Tie-dye,a distinctive traditional dyeing method in Han folk art, involves binding certain areas of fabric to resist dye penetration. It is recognized as one of the time-honored handmade dyeing techniques in China.
扎染是汉族民间传统而独特的染色工艺。它是织物在染色时部分结扎起来使之不能着色的一种染色方法，中国传统的手工染色技术之一。
The tie-dye process includes two distinct steps, namely ligation and staining. Using tools such as yarn, thread, and rope, artisans tie, sew, bind, or clip cloth to create intricate patterns that resist dye penetration. This results in fabrics with the tied areas retaining their original color and the rest being dyed evenly. The final product showcases an array of unevenly colored halos and folds with multiple layers. It is important to note that the tighter the tie, the better the stain protection. Tie-dye can produce not only regular patterned fabrics but also figuratively exquisite artware with complex figures and various colors, exhibiting both naivety and innovation.
扎染工艺分为扎结和染色两部分。它是通过纱、线、绳等工具，对织物进行扎、缝、缚、缀、夹等多种形式组合后进行染色。其目的是对织物扎结部分起到防染作用，使被扎结部分保持原色，而未被扎结部分均匀受染。从而形成深浅不均、层次丰富的色晕和皱印。织物被扎的愈紧、愈牢、防染效果愈好。它既可以染成带有规则纹样的普通扎染织物；又可以染出表现具象图案的复杂构图及多种绚丽色彩的精美工艺品，稚拙古朴，新颖别致。
Tie-dyeing boasts a wide variety of over a hundred variations, each shows its own characteristics. What's even more astonishing is that no two flowers are ever alike after craftsmen dye thousands of them which are tied in the same pattern. This unparalleled artistic effect cannot be replicated through mechanical printing and dyeing techniques alone. The tie-dyeing technique creates a tranquil and harmonious world by using blue and white as the primary colors, juxtaposing them to evoke a sense of primitive simplicity, Besides, this combination often elicits an aesthetic reminiscent of elegant"blue and white porcelain", while the sky of tie-dye embodies notions of peace and tolerance.
它有一百多种变化技法，各有特色。更使人惊奇的是扎结每种花，即使有成千上万朵，染出后却不会有相同的出现。这种独特的艺术效果，是机械印染工艺难以达到的。扎染以蓝白二色为主调所构成的宁静平和世界，即用青白二色的对比来营造出古朴的意蕴，且青白二色的结合往往给人以“青花瓷”般的淡雅之感，而平和与宽容更体现在扎染的天空中。
Tie-dyeing is a vibrant representation of folk art. Over a thousand patterns encapsulate thousands of years of history and culture, serving as a reflection of the customs and aesthetic tastes of the people. These rich designs, coupled with a wide range of craft techniques, have given rise to the charm and diversity of textile culture.
扎染显示出浓郁的民间艺术风格，1000多种纹样是千百年来历史文化的缩影，折射出人民的民情风俗与审美情趣，与各种工艺手段一起构成富有魅力的织染文化。
In 2007, Zhang Shishen from Zhoucheng, Dali, Yunnan was designated as a national level inheritor of tie dyeing. In 2011, the Nantong tie dyeing technique applied by Hai'an County was included in the Jiangsu Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage List. In 2014, Jiao Baolin was named the provincial inheritor of Nantong tie dyeing skills. The Zhoucheng Puzhen Variety Dyeing Workshop in Dali City has been listed as a national level demonstration base for the productive protection of intangible cultural heritage by the Ministry of Culture.
2007年，云南大理周城的张仕绅被确定为扎染国家级传承人。2011年，海安县申请的南通扎染技艺被列入江苏省级非物质文化遗产名录。2014年，焦宝林被评为南通扎染技艺省级传承人。大理市周城璞真综艺染坊被文化部列入国家级非物质文化遗产生产性保护示范基地。
时文阅读
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
To dye (染色) clothes by machines is very common now. But in ancient times, the whole process was completed by hands. This skill is called tie-dye (扎染). It is said that tie-dyed clothes appeared in the Qin Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, tie-dyed clothes became very popular and the most beautiful ones were sent to the emperors as gifts.
Yang Cheng, a 52-year-old man, was well-known for his tie-dye skills. He started learning tie-dye in the 1980s. Later, he went to other countries to learn different ways of tie-dye, such as Japan, India and France. He has been studying tie-dye for 35 years and he wants more people to know it. At present, he teaches tie-dye in schools, communities and companies. More than 100, 000 people have learned from him.
Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产). It has become very popular among people, even children can do it for fun. Liu Mei is a teacher at a kindergarten. She teaches kids to dye scarves. They tie a white scarf together at first, then they put the scarf into the dye. After they finish, there are some amazing pictures on it.
Tie-dye is interesting and fun. Do you want to have a try
1．Tie-dyed clothes appeared in the __________ Dynasty.
A．Qin B．Song C．Tang D．Ming
2．Yang Cheng didn’t study tie-dye in __________.
A．France B．India C．Japan D．America
3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to（指的是）
A．The gift. B．The white scarf.
C．The skill of tie-dye. D．The kindergarten.
4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Liu Mei works in a kindergarten.
B．Yang Cheng learned tie-dye in the 1980s.
C．Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages.
D．Tie-dyed clothes were sent to the emperors as gifts in the Ming Dynasty.
B
In order to kill time, many people have been trying to cope with the boredom by reading books, others have perfected their cooking skills and many others have tried their hands at craft projects, including tie dyeing (扎染).
Whether you think tie-dye is totally stylish or not your style, the unique print from the 1960s is back in a major way. It’s become a hot fashion trend.
“The last several years have seen the resurgence in craftsmanship and handmade goods, popularizing the hobbies in the 1960s (weaving, tie-dyeing), but in a modern way. People would connect with these handmade objects to feel connected to nature,” Stitch Fix color expert Ryen Anderson said to Today. Online searches for “how to crumple (压皱) tie-dye”, a popular technique, are u by 376 percent on Pinterest.
This homestyle creation can easily be made at home. The only things we need to prepare include fabric. light-colored clothes, dye, rubber, and water. In tie-dye, the fabric is colored by tying several parts of the fabric before dying to give certain color effects. While this seems relatively simple, it takes multiple steps and washes.
Some people make tie-dye adjust old-fabrics in an innovative way. Some others use tie-dye technique to create a new pattern as the color of their clothes fades. The typical current trend is that people use natural coloring for tie-dye and combine it with doodles (涂鸦) and natural printing ( eco-printing) by abstracting colors from the leaves.
The dyeing technique has deep roots from Africa. Many immigrants from various African countries brought their skills to the United States during the 1700s to 1800s. The popularity of tie-dye then was quite influential in the 1960s or commonly referred to as “flower power” generation. Tie-dye became a symbol in that times.
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To lead to the topic of the text. B．To create a cultural atmosphere.
C．To show how leisure the life is. D．To imply what people do to kill time.
6．What does the underlined word “resurgence” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．New research. B．Return and growth.
C．Modern exhibition. D．Birth and disappearance.
7．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A．The process of tie-dyeing. B．The effects of fabric coloring.
C．The materials used for tie-dyeing. D．The technique applied to tie-dyeing.
8．What is the typical trend of the present tie-dye
A．Adjusting old clothes. B．Designing diverse patterns.
C．Recovering the faded colors. D．Obtaining colors from plants.
第三部分 话题语法填空
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The clothes we wear now are mainly dyed (染色) with chemicals in factories. 9 in the past, people did this by hand.
10 a history of over 1,000 years, tie-dye is a very old way of dyeing clothes in China. During the Tang and Song 11 (dynasty) people gave tie-dyed clothes to the emperor as gifts.
In 2006, tie-dye 12 (add) to China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) list. Yang Cheng learned the skill from his mother in the 1980s, and by now he 13 (pass) it down to his daughter.
“Tie-dye is worthy of the efforts of generations of people,” Yang said.
14 (master) all the old skills of tie-dye, he once succeeded in making two sets of tie-dyed wedding dresses. Some patterns on the dresses were 15 (tradition), while others were modern.
16 (promote) the tradition, schools, communities and companies have invited Yang as a tie-dye teacher, from 17 more than 100,000 people ate now learning the tradition. Some might worry that tie-dye will be replaced by machinery. But Yang is confident this won’t be 18 case.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The colorful clothes we wear today are made by machines. But what did ancient people do if they wanted to wear 19 (some) colorful Tie-dye (扎染) was a way to do this.
More than 1000 years ago, the Bai people in Yunan used tie-dye to dye their clothes. Then this skill became so popular 20 people gave tie-dye clothes to the emperor as gifts.
To tie-dye, you need to first use tools 21 (tie) , sew, or clip (夹住) your cloth. Then the folded cloth 22 (put) in dye. The Bai people usually make blue dye from 23 plant.
As the cloth is folded, some parts become dark blue, while other parts have a 24 (light) color. When you unfold the cloth, you will see beautiful patterns.
25 the 1960s, tie-dye became a fashion trend in the US. People tie-dyed T-shirts and jeans in 26 (imagine) ways. Many children in the US still learn tie-dye in their art 27 (class).
At a recent famous show, an Italian designer surprised people with the tie-dye dresses. "Tie-dye is like an experiment. People cannot imagine the patterns of the cloth if they don't see them. It's a surprise," the designer said. There is no doubt that the tie-dye trend has never really 28 (go) away.
第四部分 话题写作
假定你是李华，在5月的时候学校组织了一次去龙腾基地的研学活动，请给你的英国朋友Alice写一封信，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 收获及感受。
注意：
1. 词数100左右;；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：龙腾基地 Longteng Base 研学 study tour 做陶瓷 make pottery 活字印刷 movable-type printing 扎染 tie-dye 荡秋千 play on a swing 穿越丛林 pass through the jungle 攀岩 climb over the wall 种菜 grow vegetables 犁地 plough the field
Dear Alice,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
时文阅读
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的扎染技术。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“It is said that tie-dyed clothes appeared in the Qin Dynasty.（据说扎染的衣服出现在秦朝）”可知，扎染的衣服出现在秦朝。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Later, he went to other countries to learn different ways of tie-dye, such as Japan, India and France.（后来，他又去日本、印度、法国等国家学习不同的扎染方法）”可知，杨成没有到美国去学习扎染。故选D项。
3．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的部分“They tie a white scarf together at first, then they put the scarf into the dye. After they finish, there are some amazing pictures on it.（他们先把一条白围巾系在一起，然后把围巾染上染料。他们完成后，有一些惊人的图片在上面）”可知，句中的it代指的上文提到的白围巾。故选B项。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Liu Mei is a teacher at a kindergarten.（刘梅是一所幼儿园的老师）”可知，刘梅在幼儿园工作，A项正确；根据第二段的句子“Yang Cheng, a 52-year-old man, was well-known for his tie-dye skills. He started learning tie-dye in the 1980s.（52岁的杨成以扎染技艺闻名。他从20世纪80年代开始学习扎染）”可知，杨成20世纪80年代开始学习扎染，B项正确；根据第三段的句子“Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产)（扎染是中国非物质文化遗产之一）”可知，C项正确；根据第一段的句子“During the Tang Dynasty, tie-dyed clothes became very popular and the most beautiful ones were sent to the emperors as gifts.（在唐代，扎染的衣服变得非常流行，最漂亮的衣服被作为礼物送给皇帝）”可知，把扎染的衣服送给皇帝是在唐朝，而不是明朝，所以D项错误。故选D项。
5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了扎染艺术的再次流行。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“In order to kill time, many people have been trying to cope with the boredom by reading books, others have perfected their cooking skills and many others have tried their hands at craft projects, including tie dyeing (扎染).(为了打发时间，许多人试图通过读书来打发无聊，还有人完善自己的烹饪技巧，还有人尝试手工制作，包括扎染)”结合本文主要讲述扎染艺术重新流行起来，第一段由读书、烹饪写到手工制作，提到扎染，第二段开始具体讲述扎染。由此推知，第一段的目的是用来引出本文主题。故选A项。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线词resurgence所在句子的逗号后的部分“popularizing the hobbies in the 1960s (weaving, tie-dyeing), but in a modern way”说明了resurgence的含义：使六十年代的爱好流行起来，但是用现代的方法。由此可知，划线词resurgence意为“复兴”，所以B项“Return and growth”符合题意。故选B项。
7．主旨大意题。根据第四段“This homestyle creation can easily be made at home. The only things we need to prepare include fabric. light-colored clothes, dye, rubber, and water. In tie-dye, the fabric is colored by tying several parts of the fabric before dying to give certain color effects. While this seems relatively simple, it takes multiple steps and washes.(这种家居风格的创作可以在家里轻松完成。我们只需要准备布料。浅色衣服、染料、橡胶和水。扎染是在染色前将织物的几个部分进行扎染，以达到一定的色彩效果。虽然这看起来相对简单，但它需要多个步骤和清洗)”可知，本段的主要内容为扎染的过程。故选A项。
8．细节理解题。根据第五段的“The typical current trend is that people use natural coloring for tie-dye and combine it with doodles (涂鸦) and natural printing ( eco-printing) by abstracting colors from the leaves.(目前的典型趋势是，人们使用天然色素进行扎染，并将其与涂鸦和自然印刷（生态印刷）结合起来，从树叶中提取颜色)”可知，目前扎染的典型趋势为使用从植物中提取的色料。故选D项。
话题语法填空
9．But 10．With 11．dynasties 12．was added 13．has passed 14．Having mastered 15．traditional 16．To promote 17．whom 18．the
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非物质文化遗产继承人杨成继承扎染技术并把它发扬光大的故事。
9．考查连词。句意：但在过去，人们都是手工完成的。根据上文“The clothes we wear now are mainly dyed (染色) with chemicals in factories.(我们现在穿的衣服主要是在工厂里用化学品染色的。)”以及下文“in the past, people did this by hand(在过去，人们都是手工完成的)”可知上下文之间为转折关系，使用转折连词，故填But。
10．考查介词。句意：扎染在中国是一种非常古老的染色方式，已有1000多年的历史。分析句子结构，空白处及其后面的成分在句子中作伴随状语，应使用表示“随着……”含义的介词，故填With。
11．考查名词。句意：在唐朝和宋朝，人们把扎染的衣服作为礼物送给皇帝。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，因此处提到了两个朝代，所以空白处应填名词复数，故填dynasties。
12．考查被动语态。句意：2006年，扎染被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据时间状语In 2006可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语为单数，故填was added。
13．考查时态。句意：20世纪80年代，杨成从母亲那里学会了这项技能，现在他已经把它传给了女儿。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语by now可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，又因主语为单数第三人称，助动词使用has，故填has passed。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于掌握了扎染的所有老技巧，他曾经成功地制作了两套扎染婚纱。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语he之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，又因空白处表示的动作在主句谓语动词succeeded之前发生，空白处使用现在分词的完成式，故填Having mastered。
15．考查形容词。句意：连衣裙上的一些图案是传统的，而另一些则是现代的。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作表语使用形容词，故填traditional。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了推广这一传统，学校、社区和公司邀请杨担任扎染老师，现在有超过10万人从他那里学习这一传统。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填To promote。
17．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含以a tie-dye teacher为先行词、“介词+关系代词”结构为引导词的定语从句，因先行词指人，使用关系代词whom引导定语从句，故填whom。
18．考查冠词。句意：但杨相信情况不会如此。根据上文“Some might worry that tie-dye will be replaced by machinery.(有些人可能担心扎染会被机器所取代。)”可知本句说的是上文提到的情况，因此名词case前面需使用定冠词表示特指，故填the。
19．something 20．that 21．to tie 22．is put 23．a 24．lighter 25．In 26．imaginative 27．classes 28．gone
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代人们染布料的方法——扎染，这个方法如今仍然受人们地欢迎，可见扎染潮流从未真正消失。
19．考查不定代词。句意：但是，如果古人想穿色彩鲜艳的衣服，他们会怎么做呢？分析句子结构可知they是主语相当于people，wanted to wear是谓语， ______ colorful是宾语，宾语部分是个泛指概念，通过括号给的信息词some可知是表达“穿……物件”应用something。故填something。
20．考查固定句型。句意：后来，扎染技艺变得非常流行，人们把扎染衣服作为礼物送给皇帝。此处引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”应用so…that…。故填that。
21．考查非谓语动词。句意：要扎染，你需要先用工具来绑、缝或夹你的衣服。结合句意表示“用……做某事”短语为use sth. to do。故填to tie。
22．考查时态语态。句意：然后把折叠好的布放入染料中。主语the folded cloth与谓语构成被动关系，表常规、习惯做法，所以时态用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为the folded cloth，谓语用单数。故填is put。
23．考查冠词。句意：白族人通常用植物制造蓝色染料。plant可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且plant是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
24．考查形容词比较级。句意：当布料折叠时，有些部分会变成深蓝色，而另一些部分会变成浅色。此处表示前后的对比，表示“更浅的”，light要用比较级。故填lighter。
25．考查介词。句意：20世纪60年代，扎染在美国成为一种时尚潮流。结合句意表示“二十世纪六十年代”前要用介词in，句首单词首字母要大写，故填In。
26．考查形容词。句意：人们以富有想象力的方式扎染T恤和牛仔裤。修饰名词ways，应用形容词imaginative，作定语，故填imaginative。
27．考查名词的数。句意：在美国，许多孩子仍然在美术课上学习扎染。class为可数名词，前文没有冠词，此处指不止一节课，应用复数，故填classes。
28．考查时态。句意：毫无疑问，扎染潮流从未真正消失。根据上文has never really可知，为现在完成时态。故填gone。
话题作文
One possible version:
Dear Alice,
I am writing to share our exciting study tour to the Longteng Base. This study tour was designed to offer an opportunity for us to engage in experiences outside of the classroom.
At the Longteng Base, we participated in different activities according to our interests. Those who take great pleasure in craft activities tried to make pottery, tie-dye and experience movable-type printing. Some students are fond of adventure activities so that they enjoyed playing on a swing, passing through the jungle and climbing over the wall. What’s more, activities such as growing vegetables and ploughing the field satisfied some students’ curiosity about farming.
For one thing, we were amazed at the beauty and joy embodied in arts and crafts, nature and labor. For another, through these activities we were equipped with more important skills like cooperation and risk assessment. To sum up, we would never forget this unique and valuable study tour.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生写信与英国朋友Alice分享学校组织的研学活动，需要介绍活动目的、活动内容，并说明收获和感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
旨在：be designed to→be meant for, aim to, be intended to
提供：offer→give, provide
参与：engage in→participate in, take part in
根据：according to→in accordance with, in line with
喜欢：be fond of→love, like, be keen on
此外：what’s more→additionally, moreover, furthermore, besides
满足：satisfy→fulfill, meet, gratify
体现：embody→reflect, incorporate, represent
总之：to sum up→in conclusion, to conclude, in summary
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing to share our exciting study tour to the Longteng Base. This study tour was designed to offer an opportunity for us to engage in experiences outside of the classroom.
拓展句：I am writing to share our exciting study tour to the Longteng Base, which was designed to offer an opportunity for us to engage in experiences outside of the classroom.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Those who take great pleasure in craft activities tried to make pottery, tie-dye and experience movable-type printing.（运用了who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词Those）
【高分句型2】Some students are fond of adventure activities so that they enjoyed playing on a swing, passing through the jungle and climbing over the wall.（运用了so that引导结果状语从句）