人教版（2019） 必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures 核心要点突破学案（含答案 ）

UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES
核心要点突破（含答案）
1.fortune n.机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地
【高考链接】　Many immigrants headed to California to seek their fortune but ended up doing diverse odd jobs to earn a living.
许多移民前往加州碰运气，但最终做各种各样的零工来谋生。
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①___________ (fortune)，a boat picked me up when I was tired out.
②He was ___________ to get the help of the mayor and successfully started his own business ___________.(fortune)
③In China，children are given money in a red envelope ___________ in the New Year.(节日介绍)
在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。
【用法小结】　
seek/try one’s fortune
寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
make a fortune发财；赚钱
have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
be fortunate to do sth
有幸做某事
2.admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)；接纳→admission n.准许进入；承认；入场费；门票费
【高考链接】　Learning our school table tennis team is admitting new members，I can hardly wait to invite you to join it.(邀请信)
得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新队员，我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①One day I got word that he ___________ (admit) to hospital for a serious disease.(2022·浙江1月卷)
②Besides，there will be an ___________(admit) charge of 50 yuan for each person.
③得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(祝贺信)
____________________________________________，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you.
【用法小结】　
admit (to) doing/having
done/that...
承认做/做过/承认……
It is admitted that...
人们公认……
be admitted to/into 被录取到；被允许进入；接收(入院)
be admitted as...
作为……被接受
3.occur vi. (occurred，occurred，occurring)发生；出现
【高考链接】　That night a terrible storm occurred，with the wind blowing and beating the house.(天气描写)
那天晚上下了一场可怕的暴风雨，狂风吹着，拍打着房子。
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①With an idea ___________ (occur)to me，I stepped to my brother and asked him to open his coat.
②他突然想到伯纳德可以卖爆米花赚钱。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
______________________ Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn.
【用法小结】　
sth occurs to sb
某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起……
4.seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
【高考链接】　I meet with some difficulties with my English，so I have no choice but to seek your help.(求助信)
我在英语方面遇到了一些困难，因此我只得寻求你的帮助。
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①We yelled at the bear and hit glass bottles，___________ (seek) to frighten the bear away.(2021·浙江卷)
②Once I ___________ (seek) advice from your teacher when I got into trouble in school.
③From the data we can conclude that the majority of students _________________________________.(2022·全国乙卷)
从数据中我们可以得出结论，大多数学生寻求轻松的方法学习英语。
【用法小结】　
seek jobs/advice/assistance
寻找工作/征求建议/寻求帮助
seek one’s fortune
寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
seek out 找出；找到
seek for...寻找……
seek to do sth 试图做某事
5.escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 vt.被忘掉 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱
【高考链接】　The angry boy escaped into the crowds，squeezed onto the bus，and disappeared.
愤怒的男孩逃进人群，挤上公交车，不见了。(动作描写)
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Only a minority of students want to escape ___________(take) responsibility for their own behavior.
②It was claimed that a prisoner had escaped ___________ the prison，which shocked the public.
③At last，we ___________，fortunately ___________ by the hungry polar bear.(2020·浙江7月卷)
最后，我们九死一生，很幸运没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。
【用法小结】　
escape from
从……逃脱，从……逃跑
escape (doing) sth
避开(做)某事
escape being done
逃避被……
have a narrow escape
死里逃生
6.settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlement n.定居点；协议；解决→settler n.移居者；殖民者
【高考链接】　As far as I’m concerned，the problems can be settled in no time if you double your efforts.(建议信)
在我看来，如果你加倍努力，问题可以很快解决。
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①With a lot of difficulties ___________ (settle)，the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
②If you watch long enough，you will see many problems ___________ (settle) in this way.
③Bernard ______________________ how to make popcorn after selling out the first basket of popcorn.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始学习做爆米花。
【用法小结】　
settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下
settle/get down to (doing) sth 开始认真(做)某事
settle in/into
安顿下来；习惯于；适应
7.contain vt.包含；含有；容纳；克制；控制→container n.容器；集装箱；货柜
【高考链接】　Their mom tried to contain her excitement，but the glittering tears failed her.(情感描写，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
他们的妈妈试图抑制自己的激动，却激动得落泪了。
【当堂检测】　猜测词义/单句语法填空/补全句子
①Our school stadium is large enough to contain 3，000 people，where a wide variety of sports events can be held.vt.___________
②He was so excited that he could hardly contain ___________(he).
③At the sight of the messy room，my mother ______________________，yelling at us.
看到凌乱的房间，我妈妈抑制不住自己的愤怒，冲着我们大吼起来。
【用法小结】　
contain oneself 克制自己
contain one’s excitement/anger抑制自己的激动/愤怒
8.bring about导致；引起
【高考链接】　The Internet has brought about great changes in the way we learn.(发言稿，2021·全国乙卷)
网络给我们的学习方式带来了巨大的变化。
【当堂检测】　用bring短语填空/补全句子
①It’s only a matter of time before they can ___________ their new book about the people struggling for independence.
②Born into a family with three brothers，David ___________ to value the sense of sharing.
③The government has taken measures ___________ the prices of meat to keep the market stable.
④The kindness of the family ______________________ humanity and I would try to bring warmth to others in the future.(读后续写之主旨升华)
这家人的善意让我重拾了对人性的信心，将来我会努力给别人带来温暖。
【用法小结】　
bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
bring in引进；获利；赚钱
bring out出版；使显现
bring down
使倒下；减少；降低；击败
bring back把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
9.句型公式：what引导名词性从句
【教材原句】　But perhaps what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food.
但也许许多游客和旧金山的人最珍惜的是唐人街的食物。
【高考链接】　What impressed me was the amazing works by those gifted student painters.(2021·浙江6月卷)
给我留下深刻印象的是那些有天赋的学生画家的令人惊叹的作品。
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①___________ struck me most is that the English level of non-English majors has been approaching that of English majors.
②A modern city has been set up in ___________ was a wasteland ten years ago.
③It was my twelfth birthday，and ______________________.
那天是我十二岁生日，我最想要的是一辆新自行车。
【用法小结】　
what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分，可作主语、表语和宾语。
what引导名词性从句可表示“……的事情或东西；……的人或样子；所……的地方等”。
that引导名词性从句，在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
10.句型公式： “不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
【教材原句】　The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese，many of whom do not speak English fluently.
唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华人，他们中的许多人英语说得不流利。
【高考链接】　There are many scenic spots in Beijing，the most attractive place of which is the Great Wall.(景点介绍，2021·天津3月卷)
北京有许多风景名胜，其中最吸引人的是长城。
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/句式升级
①Students，most of ___________ hadn’t seen a farm，began to explore everywhere.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
②This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students.___________ appeals to many students.(告知信)
→This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students，______________________.(定语从句)
【用法小结】　
one/two/several/most/each/all/...＋of which/whom...
the＋n.＋of which/whom...(该结构一般可与“whose＋n.”互换)
参考答案
1.fortune n.机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Fortunately (fortune)，a boat picked me up when I was tired out.
②He was fortunate to get the help of the mayor and successfully started his own business fortunately.(fortune)
③In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.(节日介绍)
在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。
2.admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)；接纳→admission n.准许进入；承认；入场费；门票费
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①One day I got word that he was admitted (admit) to hospital for a serious disease.(2022·浙江1月卷)
②Besides，there will be an admission(admit) charge of 50 yuan for each person.
③得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(祝贺信)
Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you.
3.occur vi. (occurred，occurred，occurring)发生；出现
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①With an idea occurring (occur)to me，I stepped to my brother and asked him to open his coat.
②他突然想到伯纳德可以卖爆米花赚钱。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
It occurred to/struck/hit him that Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn.
4.seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①We yelled at the bear and hit glass bottles，seeking (seek) to frighten the bear away.(2021·浙江卷)
②Once I sought (seek) advice from your teacher when I got into trouble in school.
③From the data we can conclude that the majority of students seek light-hearted ways to learn English.(2022·全国乙卷)
从数据中我们可以得出结论，大多数学生寻求轻松的方法学习英语。
5.escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 vt.被忘掉 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①Only a minority of students want to escape taking(take) responsibility for their own behavior.
②It was claimed that a prisoner had escaped from the prison，which shocked the public.
③At last，we had a narrow escape，fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear.(2020·浙江7月卷)
最后，我们九死一生，很幸运没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。
6.settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlement n.定居点；协议；解决→settler n.移居者；殖民者
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①With a lot of difficulties to settle (settle)，the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
②If you watch long enough，you will see many problems settled (settle) in this way.
③Bernard settled down to learning how to make popcorn after selling out the first basket of popcorn.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始学习做爆米花。
7.contain vt.包含；含有；容纳；克制；控制→container n.容器；集装箱；货柜
【当堂检测】　猜测词义/单句语法填空/补全句子
①Our school stadium is large enough to contain 3，000 people，where a wide variety of sports events can be held.vt.容纳
②He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he).
③At the sight of the messy room，my mother could not contain her anger，yelling at us.
看到凌乱的房间，我妈妈抑制不住自己的愤怒，冲着我们大吼起来。
8.bring about导致；引起
【当堂检测】　用bring短语填空/补全句子
①It’s only a matter of time before they can bring out their new book about the people struggling for independence.
②Born into a family with three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.
③The government has taken measures to bring down the prices of meat to keep the market stable.
④The kindness of the family brought back my faith in humanity and I would try to bring warmth to others in the future.(读后续写之主旨升华)
这家人的善意让我重拾了对人性的信心，将来我会努力给别人带来温暖。
9.句型公式：what引导名词性从句
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①What struck me most is that the English level of non-English majors has been approaching that of English majors.
②A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.
③It was my twelfth birthday，and what I wanted most was a new bicycle.
那天是我十二岁生日，我最想要的是一辆新自行车。
10.句型公式： “不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
【当堂检测】　单句语法填空/句式升级
①Students，most of whom hadn’t seen a farm，began to explore everywhere.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
②This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students.Each of them appeals to many students.(告知信)
→This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students，each of which appeals to many students.(定语从句)