专题3.1 语法填空之题型剖析-2024年新高考英语二轮复习重难点突破
从体裁的选择上看，新高考I卷对说明文情有独钟，新高考II卷则对记叙文青睐有加。语篇取材丰富多彩，反映社会关注，体现文化特色。三年新高考I卷话题涉及中国美食、生态文明和自然美景(介绍中国美食——小笼包<2023新高考I卷>；建立大熊猫国家公园的计划<2022新高考I卷>；介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海，温泉以及台阶<2021新高考I卷>)。
1.有提示词与无提示词占比有7：3的、也有6：4的。6：4的难度稍大；
2.有提示词的考查有三个必考点：动词(谓语动词和非谓语动词)、形容词/副词以及名词；代词和比较等级偶尔考查。无提示词有三个常考点，分别为连接词(包括并列连词和从句引导词)、冠词和介词；关系代词偶尔考查；
3.2023年新高考I卷语法填空的命题一反常态，把对非谓语动词的考查放在了特别重要的地位(共4题)，其中所传递出的信息要引起高三师生的足够重视。
一、有提示词填空题考点解读
有提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到动词、名词、代词、形容词及副词。
补充说明：
1.对谓语动词的考查也可以是时态、语态连起来考查，又可以是主谓一致结合语态考查；当然虚拟语气肯定也要注意语态和主谓一致问题的。
特别注意谓语动词还可涉及到对祈使句的判断：
例如：(节选自2016·课标II卷)It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever
it is, 50 (make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】make
【解析】考查祈使句。本句中动词短语make sure放在句首，构成祈使句。句意：要保证它是让你释放压力，而不是让你担忧的事。
2.动词的派生包括：转换成名词(可数名词还要注意单复数的情况)、转换成形容词、转换成反义词等；
3.名词的派生包括：转换成动词、转换成形容词、转换成反义词等；
4.人称代词涉及到主格向宾格或所有格的转换；
5.形容词的派生包括：转换成名词、转换成副词、转换成反义词等。特别要注意由分词转换而来的形容词变成副词的问题(如：undoubtedly, tiredly, surprisingly等)。另外不要忘记形容词(短语)是可以作状语的；
二、无提示词填空题考点解读
无提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到代词、介词、冠词、并列连词，从属连词以及其他语境填词等。
补充说明：
1.it 代词的用法：指代上文事物，形式主语，形式宾语，强调句型以及动词短语中的it(get it, make it等)；
2.人称代词和指示代词的指代；
3.物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；
4.反身代词作宾语(宾语与主语为同一人或物)，尤其是动词短语中的反身代词；
5.搭配中的介词主要指：介词短语中的介词、动词短语中的介词、形容词短语中的介词等；还有with复合结构中的with；
6.并列连词是指表示上下文的逻辑关系的各种连词；
7.表示上下文逻辑关系的副词(短语)，尽管其不是用来连接主从复合句的，但可以将其归类为联系上下文的连接副词；
8.倒装句也包括省略if的虚拟条件句；
9.强调句亦包括用do, did进行强调的句式；
10.固定搭配或句型是指：as ... as possible, more than, on/upon doing sth., would ... rather than, it was doing ... when ...等等类似的结构。
三、新高考近三年未涉及的考点提醒
(一)有提示词
1.词义转换(不改变词性却要改变词义，比如反义词)
(改编自2023高一上·全国假期作业)Your mistake caused a lot of _______(necessary)work in the office.
【答案】unnecessary
【解析】考查词义转换。句意：你的错误在办公室里造成了许多不必要的麻烦事。
2.形容词(短语)作状语
(改编自2022高一下·全国假期作业)After the long journey, the three of them went back home,
_______(hunger)and tired.
【答案】hungry
【解析】考查形容词或形容词短语作状语，表示主语的状态。句意：长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。
3.基数词转换成序数词
(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___62___(six)century, B. C.
【答案】sixth
【解析】考查数词。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式，故填sixth。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。
(二)无提示词
1.疑问句
(2014·课标卷II)Then the driver stood up and asked,“___68___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ” A woman on the bus shouted
【答案】Did
【解析】考查疑问句。本句是一个直接引语，是一个一般疑问句。句意：有没有人在上一个站台上丢了一个手提箱？因为询问的是过去发生的事情，所以使用助动词Did。
2.强调句(包括用do, did强调的句式)
(改编自2021高三上·全国课时练)It was only after I heard she became sick ________ I learned she couldn’t eat MSG(味精)!
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。分析句子结构，可知该句为强调句句型应填it。句意：直到我听说她病了，我才知道她不能吃味精。
(北京顺义区四中2020-2021学年第一学期高三期末)When doing an important experiment, ________ devote yourself to it until you you’ve achieved satisfactory results.
【答案】do
【解析】考查强调句式。分析句子结构，不缺任何成分，由此可以联想到祈使句的强调句式，用助动词do进行强调。句意：在你做重要的实验时,务必要投入直至你获得满意的结果为止
3.倒装句(包括省略if的虚拟条件句)
(改编自2022高一上·北京西城期中)Such a passionate speech ________ he make at the school opening ceremony that we each were deeply moved and strongly inspired.
【答案】did
【解析】考查倒装句。在such...that…的句子结构中，若such和与其所修饰的词置于句首，就要使用部分倒装。句意：他在开学典礼上作出了如此充满激情的演讲以致于我们每个人都受到了感动和极大的鼓舞。
(2019高三下·全国专题练)________ the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.
【答案】Had
【解析】考查省略if的虚拟条件句的倒装句。使用虚拟语气，if 条件句用的 had done，而且省略 if，将 had 提前，主句用 would have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟。句意：如果没有政府和科学家的共同努力，艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从 2005 年的最高点下降了。
4.it作形式主语或宾语
(2021高三上·全国专题练)She remembered how difficult ________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式主语。将句子整合为我们喜欢看的类型：it was difficult to choose a suitable Christmas present.
5.不定代词
(黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中)After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ___64___(an)amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.
I’m glad I made a choice. It made ___65___ of us feel good.
65.【答案】both
【解析】考查不定代词。由上文“We(指I and the mentally disabled man)had an amazing conversation”可知，本句中的us指作者和那位男士“两人都”很高兴，是两个人，故此处用both。
6.情态动词
(黑龙江省2018届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟八)Table manners vary from culture to culture. What is acceptable in one country _______ be considered extremely rude in another.
【答案】may
【解析】考查情态动词。may表示不十分肯定的推测。句意：餐桌礼仪因文化而异。在一个国家可以接受的礼仪在另一个国家也许被认为是非常粗鲁的。
7.表示上下文逻辑关系的副词(短语)
(黑龙江省哈尔滨市三中2020-2021学年高二下学期4月月考)Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis often thought to be richest woman in the world. _______, her personal wealth seems rather small.
【答案】However
【解析】考查表示上下文逻辑关系的副词。前句中的 richest woman和后句 her personal wealth seems rather small构成转折关系。句意：伊丽莎白女王二世常常被人们认为是世界上最富有的女人。然而她的个人财富却相当少。
高考英语语法填空绝对不是就像“考查语法”那么简单，而是一道综合性极强的题型：该题型不仅涉及到对语篇和语义理解的考查，还涉及到对词法、句法和(狭义上的)语法的考查，故语法填空的难点主要体现在：
1.词法上的难点：对实词的词性或词形转换考查；对冠词、介词的考查；另外还有对固定短语/搭配中的介词或副词的考查。
2.句法上的难点：对三大从句、连词以及特殊句式的考查；
3.(狭义上的)语法上的难点：对谓语动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等的考查。
注：如何破解以上这些难点，请参看后续专题。
一、有提示词题的解题
(一)提示词为“动词”的题——“分析+辨别+推敲”
“辨别+辨别”：分析句子结构，辨别空格处是否作谓语。
“推敲”：1.如果是用作谓语，推敲是否考查动词的时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致还是兼而有之；
2.如果不用作谓语，推敲是否考查非谓语动词，是用不定式、动词-ing形式还是用过去分词；
3.如果既不用作谓语，又不用作非谓语动词，那就应该是考查词性的转换，推敲是否将名词转换成名词，还是形容词(包括转换成当作形容词来用的过去分词或现在分词)。
【例1】(2022·新高考II卷)Henry ___42___(fix)his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___(throw)his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
42.【答案】was fixing
【解析】考查动词的时态。被考查动词位于主语Henry之后，且后面还有宾语his car，设空处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实，故使用过去进行时，故填was fixing。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。
43.【答案】threw
【解析】考查动词的时态。被考查动词位于主语He之后，且和started 构成并列谓语，故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw，故填threw。
【例2】(2020·新高考I卷)“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it ___67___(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___(construct).”
67.【答案】means
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
68.【答案】is constructed
【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”
【例3】(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It ___41___(build)originally to protect the city ___42___(in/during)the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). It is possible ___43___(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
41.【答案】was built
【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。
43.【答案】to walk
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语，故填to walk。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。
【例4】(2024年浙江1月卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ___41___(offer)in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___42___(start)selling chicken or salad in packs ___43___(design)with two halves containing separate portions(份).
41.【答案】be offered
【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形，故填be offered。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。
42.【答案】have started
【解析】考查现在完成时。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have started。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。
43.【答案】designed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填designed。
【例5】(2024年浙江1月卷)However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ___36___(benefit)from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
36.【答案】to benefit
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语，故填to benefit。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。
【例6】(2022·新高考II卷)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___(fall)child.
...
... Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___(see)them.
36.【答案】falling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语，故填falling。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。
39.【答案】to see
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故应该使用不定式作目的状语，故填to see。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。
【例7】(2021·新高考II卷)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___37___
(think)it is food.
37.【答案】thinking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，___37___(think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。
【例8】(2021·浙江1月卷)In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ___34___(study)had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
34.【答案】studied
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。
【例9】(2024年浙江1月卷)Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ___40___(criticize)that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items.
40.【答案】criticism
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语，故填criticism。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。
(二)提示词为“形容词/副词/名词/代词/数词”题——“分析+变形+转换”
分析句子结构，确定“变形+转换”的方向。
1.形容词/副词题的“变形+转换”
①比较等级的变形(比较级、最高级的构成形式)；
②词性/形的转换(形容词与副词的相互转换，形容词转换成名词，有些形容词/副词要转换成<不改变词性只通过变形改变词义的>反义词)。
【例1】(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___(good)than to ride on a piece of history!
45.【答案】better
【解析】考查形容词比较等级。根据后文比较连(介)词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级，故填better。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。
【例2】(2022·全国乙卷)As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___(large)tea-producing country, China has a ___65___(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
64.【答案】largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。根据前的定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式，故填largest。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。
65.【答案】responsibility
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成名词)。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式，故填responsibility。
【例3】(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___(sleep)while watching TV.
38.【答案】asleep
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成形容词)。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语，sleep为名词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意，故填asleep。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。
【例4】(2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
66.【答案】meaningful
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成形容词)。此处是make复合结构，用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语，故填meaningful。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。
【例5】(2022·浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ___40___(rough)200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
40.【答案】roughly
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成副词)。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。
【例6】(2021·新高考I卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ___58___(undoubted)help you get refreshed!
58.【答案】undoubtedly
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成副词)。修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”，故填undoubtedly。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！
2.名词题的“变形+转换”
①名词数(复数)与格(所有格)的变形；
②词性的转换(转换成形容词)。
【例1】(2021·新高考I卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___57___(human)are.
57.【答案】humans
【解析】考查名词。表示“人类”，常用复数名词humans，此处作同位语，故填humans。句意：一旦你到达山顶，你所看到的滚滚云海将提醒你我们人类是多么渺小。
【例2】(2021·全国乙卷)___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足).
69.【答案】Activities
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成名词复数)。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语，故填Activities。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。
【例3】(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)“He saved my ___44___(son)life,” said Mrs. Brown.
44.【答案】son’s
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成名词所有格)。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格，故填son’s。
【例4】(2021·全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___(watchtower)to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ___50___
(day)routines.
49.【答案】watchtowers
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成名词复数)。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式，故填watchtowers。
50.【答案】daily
【解析】考查词性转换(转换成形容词)。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词，故填daily。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。
3.代词题的“变形+转换”
①人称代词格(主格、宾格、所有格<形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词>)的变形；
②词形的转换(转换成<不改变词性只通过变形改变词义的>反身代词)。
【例1】(2020·新高考I卷)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___69___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ___70___(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
69.【答案】much
【解析】考查短语中的形容词。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
70.【答案】its
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成形容词性物主代词)。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。
【例2】(2021·新高考I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ___64___(I).
64.【答案】mine
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成名词性物主代词)。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory，故填mine。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。
【例3】(2021·浙江6月卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
【答案】herself
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成反身代词)。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself，故填herself。
4.数词题的“变形+转换”
①数词在表示“概数”概念时数的变形(用复数形式)；
②词形的转换(转换成<不改变词性只通过变形改变词义的>序数词)。
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ___45___(one)may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
【答案】ones
【解析】考查不定代词的复数。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式，故填ones。
【例2】(改编自2023上·全国高一期末)He remembered the factory where he used to work in his ________.
【答案】thirties
【解析】考查基数词的固定用法。固定搭配：in one’s +逢十的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十多岁时”，故填thirties。句意：他想起了他三十多岁时曾经工作过的工厂。
【例3】(2021·新高考II卷)I’ve always loved the ocean. In the ___36___(seven)grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
36.【答案】seventh
【解析】考查词形转换(转换成序数词)。表示“七年级”用序数词，故填seventh。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。
二、无提示词题的解题
(一)分析空格前/后，关注固定搭配
1.分析空格前后，关注空格处所要填的词与前面或后面的词构成某种固定搭配或固定短语；
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Then, when you use one section, ___44___ other stays fresh.
44.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the，故填the。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。
【例2】(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
49.【答案】from
【解析】考查固定搭配中的介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”，故填from。
【例3】(2022下·全国·高三专题练)Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive ________ possible before lunch.
【答案】as
【解析】考查固定搭配。as…as possible是固定搭配，意为“尽可能”，故填as。句意：我们中的大多数人在早上会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。所以要早点开始，在午餐前尽可能地提高效率。
【例4】(2022下·全国·高二课时练)It turned ________ that he was the general manager of the company.
【答案】out
【解析】考查动词短语中的副词或固定句型。此处是动词短语或句型It turns out that“原来是，证明是”，故填out。句意：原来他是公司的总经理。
【例5】(2023上·全国·高一课时练)From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that we can’t be ________ careful, especially in examinations.
【答案】too
【解析】考查固定搭配中的副词。can’t be too careful再小心也不为过，故填too。句意：从这次经历中，我认识到小心是非常重要的，我们再小心都不为过，尤其是在考试中。
【例6】(2022下·全国·高二课时练)Let’s not wait any longer; he might not turn ________ at all.
【答案】up
【解析】考查动词短语中的副词。结合前句“Let’s not wait any longer”可知后句表示他可能根本不会出现，用动词短语turn up表示“出现”，故填up。句意：我们不要再等了；他可能根本不会来了。
2.如果空格后有名词并且表示泛指或者特指含义，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，此时该空格处要填写冠词。关注固定搭配中的冠词；
【例1】(2022新高考II卷)___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father.
37.【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。此处the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写，故填The。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。
【例2】(2022全国甲卷)___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
44.【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友Wu Fan在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a。句首字母大写，故填A。
【例3】(2022年全国乙卷)To celebrate___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。根据语境可知，此处为特指这一节日，所以用定冠词the，故填the。
【例4】(2021·新高考I卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ___65___ must to visit!
65.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a，故填a。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。
【例5】(2020·全国II卷)The plum trees are ___70___ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
70.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。序数词前用定冠词修饰，故填定冠词the。句意：即使雪正在融化，李树还是最先开花的。
3.如果空格后的名词或者代词在句中不能独立作句子中的某个成分，其前一般填介词(以构成介词短语作句中的状语以及表示被动句中动作的执行者)。关注与动词、形容词或者名词搭配的介词(做题时应先根据上下文推断出设空处的具体意思，然后根据熟记的短语来确定要填的词)。
【例1】(2021·全国高考乙卷】It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
... Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
64.【答案】until
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not … until …”，故填until。
66.【答案】of
【解析】考查短语中的介词。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，故填of。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。
【例2】(2020·新课标II卷)Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
64.【答案】than
【解析】考查固定短语。more than不仅仅，不只是，故填than。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品。
【例3】(2020·新课标II卷)Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home.
67.【答案】with
【解析】考查短语中的介词。associate…with… 意为“把……与……联系起来”,是固定搭配，故填with。
【例4】(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
61.【答案】by
【解析】考查(被动句中表示动作执行者的)介词。句意：今年5月21日是联合国于2019年11月27日正式命名的第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”，be named by“由……命名”，故填by。
【例5】(2020·新高考I卷)Museums must compete ___45___ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
45.【答案】for
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。compete for为了……竞争，故填for。句意：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。
【例6】(2023·山东省济南市统考)Jinling Library has always focused on using books ___63___ a bridge to understanding of Chinese culture for global citizens .
63.【答案】as
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。use ... as ...将/把……用作为，故填as。句意：金陵图书馆一直致力于将书籍作为全球公民了解中国文化的桥梁。
(二)分析句子结构，关注特殊句型
1.分析句子结构，如果空格前后是两个并列成分，而且两个成分之间为并列、转折、选择等关系，此时应填连词(特别要注意平行结构的连词，如：not only ..., but also ..., neither ..., nor ..., either ... or, both ... and ...等等)；
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___37___ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
37.【答案】or
【解析】考查连词(固定搭配)。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用连词or，故填or。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。
【例2】(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)When he looked down, he ___40___(accidental)accidentally slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him.
41.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。此处表示并列关系，故填and。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。
【例3】(2021·全国甲卷)My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job.
47.【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接，故填but。
【例4】(2021·浙江6月卷)Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
42.【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”，故填neither。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。
【例5】(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)】They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
37.【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or(或者)，故填or。
2.分析句子结构，如果空格前是一个句子，空格后又是一个句子，此时应考虑填与定语从句、名词性从句或状语从句相关联的关系词或连接词；
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ___38___ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ___39___ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo(单独)customers out of pocket and disappointed.
38.【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which，故填that/which。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。
39.【答案】What
【解析】考查名词性从句。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what，故填what。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。
【例2】(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___42___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
42.【答案】whether或if
【解析】考查名词从句。分析句子结构，ask后面是一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。
【例3】(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
42.【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。
【例4】(2020·全国III卷)Filled with ___64___(curious)curiosity, the artist packed his bags and left. ___65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
65.【答案】When/As
【解析】考查状语从句。此处是时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，可用when或as。位于句首时首字母需要大写。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。
3.分析句子结构，如果空格前是一个句子，空格后又是一个句子(包括省略句)，且有连词连接，此时可能填代词(用于指代前面句中的某个名词<短语>)；
【例1】(2020·全国高三专题练)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ___67___ every day.
67.【答案】it
【解析】考查it的用法。此处it指代前面的the railway，在句中作were using的宾语，故填it。句意：然而，这条铁路很快就取得了巨大的成功，在六个月内，每天有超过2.5万人使用它。
【例2】(2021·黑龙江大庆高二阶段练) The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ___62___ in any other area of the city.
12.【答案】that
【解析】考查代词。that 被用来替代 the cost of renting a house，在英语中，that被用来替代同一类事物，故填that。句意：在西安市中心地区租房的成本高于该市其他任何地区。
4.关注特殊句型，包括：强调句型、倒装句和固定句型(比如：it在固定句型中的用法以及it作形式主语和形式宾语的情况、such/so ... that ..., no sooner/hardly ... than/when ..., was/were doing ... when ..., be about to do when ..., would rather ... than ...等等)。
【例1】(2023上·黑龙江哈尔滨期中)I’d appreciate ___64___ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
64.【答案】it
【解析】考查代词it的用法。动词appreciate后面接从句时，先用it作形式宾语，it指代if从句，故填it。句意：如果你能事先告诉我你是否来，我将不胜感激。
【例2】(2023下·全国课时练)Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made ___54___ much more convenient and popular both in China and overseas.
54.【答案】it
【解析】考查代词it的用法。分析句子结构可知，空处填代词it指代前面出现过的Bike sharing作宾语；故填it。句意：但中国已经使它在中国和海外更加方便和流行。
【例6】(2019全国III卷)On our way to the house, it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
61.【答案】so
【解析】句意：在去房子的路上，雨下得很大，我们不禁想知道还得多长时间才能到那里。由句子结构和句意可知，这里是so…that…引导的结果状语从句，故填so。
【例7】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)He made ________ great progress that his parents were pleased with him.
【答案】such
【解析】考查固定句型。此句是“such+形容词+不可数名词+that...”固定句式，“如此……，以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填such。句意：such他取得了如此大的进步，他的父母对他很满意。
【例8】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)Looking back, I feel I wouldn’t be able to ride a bike ________ I lost heart.
【答案】had
【解析】考查倒装句。分析句子，可知这是一个对过去进行假设的虚拟条件句，从句用过去完成时。当虚拟条件句的谓语部分含有were, should, had时，常将连词if省略掉，而将were, should, had置于句首。因此答案为had I lost heart。回首往事，我感觉如果我失去了信心，就学不会骑自行车。
【例9】(2023上·全国高一单元练)It is the tallest building ________ Daming has seen ever since he came here.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。这是一个强调句，其结构是“It is+被强调部分+that+其它”，此处强调宾语 the tallest building，故填that。句意：这是大明来到这里以来所见过的最高的建筑。
【例10】(2021上·黑龙江双鸭山期中)No sooner ________ the game started than it began to rain heavily.
【答案】had
【解析】考查固定句型。no sooner...than...“一……就……”引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时，故填had。句意：比赛一开始就下起了大雨。
【例11】(2023下·广东深圳期中)Tom was about to close the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird.
【答案】when
【解析】考查固定句型。...be about to do...when...，“正要做……，这时……”，故填when。句意：汤姆正要关窗时，一只鸟引起了他的注意。
【例12】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)No sooner had we arrived at the cinema ________ the film began.
【答案】than
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：我们一到电影院，电影就开始了。no sooner ...than...，“一……，就……”，故填than。
【例13】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)How long will it be ________ he finishes his homework
【答案】before
【解析】考查固定句型。It will be +段时间+ before...“要过……才……”的特殊疑问句形式，因为是对一段时间提问，所以用了how long，故填before。句意：他还要多久才完成作业？
【例14】(2022下·全国高二课时练)________ so happened that I had no money with me.
【答案】It
【解析】考查固定句型。It(so)happened that…，“碰巧……”，这个句式是主语从句，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，故填It。句意：碰巧我身上没有钱。
【例15】(2022下·全国高二课时练)He never complains when ________ comes to his wife with the housework.
【答案】it
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：当说到妻子做家务时，他从不抱怨。when it comes to意为“一谈到；就……而论；当说到……的时候；当涉及到……时”，故填it。
2023年新高考I卷
Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ___56___(taste)soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ___57___(bite)a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), ___58___ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ___59___(recognize)home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ___60___ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___61___(lift)out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ___62___(they)contents. The meat should be fresh with ___63___ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ___64___(rare)enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___65___(want)more next time.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作方法等等。
56.【答案】tasty
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。分析句子结构可知，这里需用形容词修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。
57.【答案】to bite
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，故填to bite。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
58.【答案】or
【解析】考查连词(固定搭配)。分析句子结构可知，whether...or... “是……还是……”是固定搭配，故填or。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
59.【答案】recognized
【解析】考查非谓语动词(本题也可以归类成考查词形转换<过去分词作形容词>)。分析句子结构可知，空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语，故填recognized。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。
60.【答案】by
【解析】考查介词短语中的介词。分析句子结构可知，空格后面是名词“hand”，故推断要填介词与其构成介词短语，by hand“用手”是介词短语(固定搭配)，故填by。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。
61.【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted，故填to be lifted。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。
62.【答案】their
【解析】考查词形转换(形容词性物主代词)。分析句子结构可知，修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their，故填their。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。
63.【答案】a
【解析】考查固定搭配中的冠词。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数，故填a。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。
64.【答案】rarely
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。分析句子结构可知，这里修饰形容词要用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。
65.【答案】wanting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“leave sb.+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting，故填wanting。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。
2023年新高考II卷
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach … the animals
Since June 2017, right before the ___56___(arrive)of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___(confidence)speaking English. And who do they speak English ___58___
Not the pandas, even though ___59___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60___(visit)Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___61___(interview)in English with international journalists. This is ___62___ they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning ___63___(basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___64___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___65___(wish)to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语，大家都很疑惑，作者对此做出了解答。
56.【答案】arrival
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词，故填arrival。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
57.【答案】confident
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident，故填confident。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
58.【答案】with
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。分析句子结构可知，这道题的语序可以看成they speak English ... who，句子中有主语they，speak后有宾语，而who缺少一个介词，who做介词的宾语，又根据句意可推知，此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”，故填with。句意：他们和谁说英语？
59.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰，故填the。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
60.【答案】visiting
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)(本题也可以归类成考查非谓语动词)。分析句子结构可知，空格后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”，故填visiting。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。
63.【答案】interviews
【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式，故填interviews。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。
62.【答案】why
【解析】考查名词从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句，故填why。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。
63.【答案】Basically
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Basically。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。
64.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接，故填and。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。
65.【答案】wished
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时，故填wished。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
1
(2024上·山东德州高三统考期末)In recent decades, China has fulfilled the task of the Yungang Grottoes in Shanxi Province, thanks to the efforts of researchers. It was a great challenge to preserve the historical and ___56___(culture)heritage site that was created more than 1,500 years ago in any country.
Yungang Grottoes, ___57___ stretch for about one km from east to west, are located in Datong. There are 45 main caves along the mountain, ___58___(house)more than 59, 000 statues. In 2001, Yungang Grottoes ___59___ (add)onto the UNESCO World Heritage list. UNESCO said the site has ___60___ universal value as it represents the outstanding achievements of Buddhist cave art in China.
Yungang Grottoes were ___61___(original)built during the Northern Wei Dynasty(386-534). The Grottoes are like a thousand-year-old historical book ___62___(carve)on cliffs and rocks. They recorded the changes of time and ___63___(witness)the stories, exchanges, and integrations among people of various ethnic groups.
While proud of its increasing ___64___(recognize)in global academic circles, the local authorities and researchers understand protecting this precious heritage site has become a pressing challenge. One of the solutions for preservation is to apply special materials on the walls of the caves ___65___(coat)and prevent them from being eroded by wind and water.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近几十年来，由于研究人员的努力，中国完成了山西云冈石窟的任务。云冈石窟具有普遍价值，因为它代表了中国佛教洞穴艺术的杰出成就。
56.【答案】cultural
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。修饰后文名词短语heritage site应用形容词cultural，故填cultural。句意：在任何一个国家，要保护1500多年前创造的历史文化遗产都是一项巨大的挑战。
57.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Yungang Grottoes，在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。句意：云冈石窟位于大同市，东西长约一公里。
58.【答案】housing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知house与逻辑主语caves构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填housing。句意：山上有45个主要洞窟，里面有59000多尊雕像。
59.【答案】were added
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In 2001可知发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Yungang Grottoes，谓语用复数，故填were added。句意：2001年，云冈石窟被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录。
60.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。此处value为泛指，且universal是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。句意：联合国教科文组织表示，该遗址具有普遍价值，因为它代表了中国佛教洞穴艺术的杰出成就。
61.【答案】originally
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。修饰动词build应用副词originally，故填originally。句意：云冈石窟始建于北魏时期(386-534)。
62.【答案】carved
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知carve与逻辑主语book构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填carved。句意：石窟就像一本雕刻在悬崖和岩石上的千年历史书。
63.【答案】witnessed
【解析】考查动词的时态。此处作并列谓语，结合上文recorded可知为一般过去时，故填witnessed。句意：他们记录了时代的变迁，见证了各民族之间的故事、交流和融合。
64.【答案】recognition
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。作介词of的宾语，应用名词recognition，不可数，故填recognition。句意：虽然为其在全球学术界的日益认可而感到自豪，但地方当局和研究人员明白，保护这一珍贵的遗产已成为一项紧迫的挑战。
65.【答案】to coat
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知coat在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，故填to coat。句意：保存的解决方案之一是在洞穴的墙壁上涂上特殊材料，以覆盖洞穴，防止其被风和水侵蚀。
2
(2024上·广东惠州高三期末统考)From the adorable pandas in Sichuan to the playful Pallas’s cats in Inner Mongolia, photographer Xie Jianguo has committed himself to documenting China’s rare and endangered animals, ___56___ highlight the country’s unique natural wonders.
Xie’s passion for ___57___(photograph)wild animals is evident in his frequent visits to the remote destinations such as the Arctic continent. Since 2012, Xie Jianguo has redirected his lens(镜头)toward his homeland, focusing ___58___ wildlife in China. Now his ___59___(footprint)have covered nearly all the provinces and regions throughout China.
During his shooting process, Xie ___60___(place)great emphasis on building a harmonious relationship with
the animals he encounters, ensuring that they are undisturbed and represented in their natural state. Xie said, “I am eager ___61___(record)the beautiful moments of wildlife, to not only represent their living conditions but also to raise people’s ___62___(aware)of protecting wild animals and their habitats. ___63___(hopeful), my images can show the biodiversity and the achievements of wildlife protection in China.”
With the aim of preserving the natural beauty of China ___64___promoting its rich natural image culture to the world, Xie launched a project called “Nature Image China” in 2016. So far, over 100 photo exhibitions ___65___(organize)by the project at home and abroad.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国生态摄影师谢建国利用影像的力量促进中国生态保护事业发展的事迹。
56.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是rare and endangered animals，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。句意：从四川可爱的大熊猫到内蒙古顽皮的帕拉斯猫，摄影师谢建国致力于记录中国的珍稀濒危动物，这些动物突出了中国独特的自然奇观。
57.【答案】photographing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：谢对拍摄野生动物的热情在他频繁前往北极等偏远地区的过程中可见一斑。the passion for doing sth，意为“做某事的热情”，应用动名词，作宾语，故填photographing。
58.【答案】on
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。固定搭配focus on sth，意为“专注于某事”，为固定搭配，故填on。句意：自2012年以来，谢建国将镜头转向祖国，聚焦中国的野生动物。
59.【答案】footprints
【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。根据后面谓语动词have covered可知，主语应是复数形式，故填footprints。句意：现在，他的足迹几乎覆盖了中国的所有省份和地区。
60.【答案】places
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：在拍摄过程中，谢非常重视与遇到的动物建立和谐的关系，确保它们不受干扰，以自然状态表现出来。结合语境可知，本句描述的是摄影师在摄影过程中的习惯性动作，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，place great emphasis on sth，意为“重视某事”，故填places。
61.【答案】to record
【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be eager to do sth.，意为“渴望做/热切做某事”，故填to record。句意：我渴望记录野生动物的美丽时刻，不仅代表它们的生活条件，还提高人们保护野生动物及其栖息地的意识。
62.【答案】awareness
【解析】考查词性转换(动词短语中的名词)。固定搭配raise people’s awareness，意为“提升人们的意识”，awareness不可数名词，作宾语，故填awareness。句意：我渴望记录野生动物的美丽时刻，不仅代表它们的生活条件，还提高人们保护野生动物及其栖息地的意识。
63.【答案】Hopefully
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词hopefully，作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Hopefully。句意：希望我的照片能够展示中国的生物多样性和野生动物保护的成就。
64.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用and并列了两个动名词短语，故填and。句意：为了保护中国的自然美景，向世界宣传中国丰富的自然影像文化，谢在2016年发起了一个名为“自然影像中国”的项目。
65.【答案】have been organized
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。so far是现在完成时的标志词，且exhibitions与organize为被动关系，所以此空应填现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词使用have，故填have been organized。句意：到目前为止，已有超过100场照片展在国内外被举办。
3
(2024上·辽宁大连高三统考期末)China has a long history of more than 5000 years. In the vastness of history, Chinese traditional culture constantly shows ___56___(it)unique charm and is deeply loved and appreciated by people around the world. Among the ancient Chinese literature, the Four Great Classical Novels, also referred to as the four greatest and most ___57___(influence)novels written in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, stand out.
___58___ the four novels have in common is that they were written in the vernacular(白话文)of their times,
___59___ most ancient literature that was written in the classical style of writing. Most Chinese are familiar with the figures, plots and scenes in the four novels. They have ___60___(dramatic)affected the mentality, ideas and values of Chinese people. They were widely read by people and contained philosophical ideas, history and viewpoints about human society that ___61___(define)part of the worldviews of the scholar and the ___62___
(political), which had ___63___significant effect on the development of Chinese societies in past eras.
Nowadays, they have already been adapted into movies or TV series, ___64___(favor)by lots of audiences. Being high in artistic standard, the Four Great Classical Novels are precious heritage of Chinese nation and ___65___(strike)works in the history of Chinese literature.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四大名著的文化价值及影响。
56.【答案】its
【解析】考查词形转换(形容词性物主代词)。句意：在浩瀚的历史长河中，中国传统文化不断显示出独特的魅力，深受世界人民的喜爱和欣赏。修饰名词短语“unique charm”空处需填形容词性物主代词，故填its。
57.【答案】influential
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。根据“most”和“novels”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，influential作形容词，表示“有影响力的”，符合句意，故填influential。句意：在中国古代文学中，《四大名著》，也被称为明清时期最伟大、最具影响力的四部小说，脱颖而出。
58.【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这四部小说的共同之处在于，它们都是用它们那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的最古老的文学作品。分析句子结构可知，“... the four novels have in common”是主语从句，从句缺have的宾语，指代“相同之处”，故用what引导，故填What。
59.【答案】unlike
【解析】考查介词。根据句意可知，这四部小说都是用那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的文学作品。介词unlike表示“不像”，符合句意，故填unlike。句意：这四部小说的共同之处在于，它们都是用他们那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的最古老的文学作品。
60.【答案】dramatically
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。根据“affected”可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词，故填dramatically。句意：他们极大地影响了中国人的心态、思想和价值观。
61.【答案】defined
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，that引导的定语从句缺谓语动词，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，故填defined。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。
62.【答案】politician
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。根据“the scholar and the”可知，空处需填名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“政治家”，politician作名词，表示“政治家”与“the scholar”并列，用名词单数，故填politician。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。
63.【答案】a
【解析】考查动词短语中的冠词。have a/an... effect on表示“对……有……影响”，significant的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。
64.【答案】favored/favoured
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“have been adapted”，故空处需填非谓语动词，favor和逻辑主语they(四大名著)之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词作状语，故填favored/favoured。句意：如今，它们已被改编成电影或电视剧，受到许多观众的喜爱。
65.【答案】striking
【解析】考查词性转换(现在分词作形容词)。根据“works”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，striking作形容词，表示“引人注目的”，符合句意，故填striking。句意：四大名著是中华民族的宝贵遗产，是中国文学史上引人注目的作品，艺术水准极高。
4
(2024上·湖北武汉高三统考期末)Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park in Gansu is the best representative of China’s colorful Danxia landform. With a wide ___56___(various)of landforms, this enormous park covers ___57___ area of 510 square kilometres. ___58___(extend)along the northern part of Qilian Mountain in west China, it was said to be part of The Great Silk Road. At one time, Marco Polo arrived in China through this area. ___59___(former)a provincial park and scenic area, it ___60___(become)a national geopark in November 2011.
The site is characterized by amazing landforms, including ___61___(drama)natural towers, deep valleys and impressive waterfalls. These landscapes have helped to conserve broad-leaved evergreen forests, and host many flowers and plants, about 400 of ___62___are considered to be rare or ___63___(threaten).
The most representative spots in the park such as the Seven-color Screen and the Colorful Sunset look like a rainbow hanging in the distance. However, scenes are totally different on the edge of the hills. The colors there turn into yellow and grey like shells in the sun. Scenes are even more breathtaking ___64___ sunrise and sunset when lights and shadows ___65___(cast)on the hills paint this region with unique beauty.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了甘肃张掖丹霞国家地质公园。
56.【答案】variety
【解析】考查词性转换(固定短语中的名词)。a variety of表示“各种各样的”，为固定短语，故填variety。句意：这个巨大的公园占地510平方公里，有着丰富多样的地貌。
57.【答案】an
【解析】考查固定短语中的冠词。表示“面积为……”短语为an area of，故填an。句意：这个巨大的公园占地510平方公里，有着丰富多样的地貌。
58.【答案】Extending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语it和动词extend之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语做状语，首字母大写，故填Extending。句意：它沿着中国西部祁连山的北部延伸，据说是丝绸之路的一部分。
59.【答案】Formerly
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。作状语，表示“以前”应用副词formerly，首字母大写，故填Formerly。句意：以前是一个省级公园和景区，2011年11月成为国家地质公园。
60.【答案】became
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in November 2011可知发生在过去，为一般过去时，故填became。句意：以前是一个省级公园和景区，2011年11月成为国家地质公园。
61.【答案】dramatic
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。natural towers为名词短语，需要形容词dramatic修饰，故填dramatic。句意：该遗址的特点是令人惊叹的地貌，包括引人注目的天然塔、深谷和令人印象深刻的瀑布。
62.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词flowers and plants，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。句意：这些景观有助于保护阔叶常绿森林，并拥有许多花卉和植物，其中约400种被认为是稀有或受威胁的。
63.【答案】threatened
【解析】考查动词的语态。此处threaten与主语构成被动关系，应填过去分词作表语，故填threatened。句意：这些景观有助于保护阔叶常绿森林，并拥有许多花卉和植物，其中约400种被认为是稀有或受威胁的。
64.【答案】at
【解析】考查介词。表示“在日出和日落时”短语为at sunrise and sunset，故填at。句意：日出和日落时，山上的光影为这个地区增添了独特的美丽，景色更加令人叹为观止。
65.【答案】cast
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，lights and shadows和cast之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填cast。句意：日出和日落时，山上的光影为这个地区增添了独特的美丽，景色更加令人叹为观止。
5
(2024上·福建高三统考期末)Dujiangyan is an ancient irrigation system, ___56___(locate)in the Min River Valley, Sichuan Province, China. It ___57___(build)by a governor named Li Bing and his son, who have been admired by Chinese for over 2,000 years.
The system consists of three main ___58___(part): the Yuzui(Fish Mouth)levee(河堤), the Feishayan(Flying Sand Weir), and the Baopingkou(Bottle-Neck Channel). The Yuzui redirects water away from the city of Chengdu while allowing sand and mud ___59___(flow)through the main channel, preventing flooding. The Feishayan controls the flow of water and helps prevent gradual destruction, while the Baopingkou distributes the water ___60___ farmland.
Dujiangyan has been able to control the water flow without the use of dams or gates ___61___ is considered one of the greatest engineering projects in ancient China. It has also played a crucial role in irrigating the surrounding farmland, ___62___(make)the region one of the most fertile croplands in China.
In addition to its ___63___(practice)uses, Dujiangyan is also a popular tourist attraction, ___64___ visitors come to admire the ancient architecture and learn about its history. In 2000, it was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its cultural and historical ___65___(significant).
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个古老的灌溉系统——都江堰。
56.【答案】located
【解析】考查非谓语动词。“(locate)in the Min River Valley, Sichuan Province, China.”作后置定语，修饰名词an ancient irrigation system，locate(把……建造于)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语an ancient irrigation system之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，故填located。句意：都江堰是一个古老的灌溉系统，位于中国四川省岷江流域。
57.【答案】was built
【解析】考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，build(建造)是句中谓语动词，与主语It(即Dujiangyan)之间是被动关系，结合常识，都江堰的修建是发生在过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是第三人称单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式，故填was built。句意：它是由一位名叫李冰的总督和他的儿子建造的，他们被中国人崇拜了2000多年。
58.【答案】parts
【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。基数词three修饰可数名词part，用复数形式，故填parts。句意：该系统由三个主要部分组成：鱼嘴堤防，飞沙堰和宝瓶口。
59.【答案】to flow
【解析】考查非谓语动词。allow sb./sth. to do...是固定搭配，意为“允许……去做……”，用不定式，作宾语补足语，故填to flow。句意：鱼嘴将水流从成都引开，同时允许泥沙通过主河道，防止洪水泛滥。
60.【答案】to
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。distribute...to...是固定搭配，意为“把……分配给……”，介词to表示对象，故填to。句意：飞沙堰控制着水流，有助于防止逐渐破坏，而宝瓶口则将水分配给农田。
61.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，has been able to和is considered是并列谓语动词，用连词and连接，故填and。句意：都江堰在不使用水坝或闸门的情况下就能控制水流，被认为是中国古代最伟大的工程之一。
62.【答案】making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。“(make)the region one of the most fertile croplands in China.”作结果状语，make是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语It(即Dujiangyan)之间是主动关系，用现在分词，表情理之中的结果，故填making。句意：它还在灌溉周围农田方面发挥了至关重要的作用，使该地区成为中国最肥沃的农田之一。
63.【答案】practical
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。提示词修饰名词uses，用形容词practical作定语，意为“实际的”，故填practical。句意：除了它的实际用途，都江堰也是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，游客来这里欣赏古老的建筑，了解它的历史。
64.【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourist attraction，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这个旅游景点”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句，故填where。句意：除了它的实际用途，都江堰也是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，游客来这里欣赏古老的建筑，了解它的历史。
65.【答案】significance
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。提示词作宾语，用名词significance，意为“意义”，不可数名词，故填significance。句意：2000年，它因其文化和历史意义被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产。
6
(2024上·四川成都石室中学高三校考期末)The Longest Promise, 56 (current)one of the most popular dramas on domestic internet platforms, has successfully expanded its reach to international markets.
57 (adapt)from writer Cang Yue’s popular novel Zhu Yan, 58 40-episode fantastic story made its first public appearance on Netflix on July 7, five days after its release on WeTV.
According to WeTV, the overseas streaming platform of Tencent Video which is available in over 110 countries and regions, the drama has emerged as one of the top five 59 (popular)series in Thailand. Also, it has secured the top for single-day viewership in several countries, including the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand 60 its premiere(首映).
Starring actor Xiao Zhan and 61 (actor)Ren Min, the drama portrays a fictional world 62 three races possess distinct supernatural powers, 63 (range)from reviving withered plants to transforming tears into pearls. The main storyline 4 (focus)on a prince and a princess who develop feelings for each other and unite their forces 65 (save)the world from an extreme state of chaos. The series is also set to be released in a number of other Asian markets, including Japan, South Korea and Malaysia.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电视剧《玉骨遥》受欢迎程度和大概内容。
56.【答案】currently
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。此处使用副词currently，作状语，修饰整个句子，故填currently。句意：《玉骨遥》目前是国内互联网平台上最受欢迎的电视剧之一，并成功地将其触角伸向了国际市场。
57.【答案】Adapted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为made，此处应用非谓语动词，且40-episode fantastic story与adapt“改编”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Adapted。句意：这部40集的奇幻故事改编自作家苍月的畅销小说《朱颜》，在微视网播出五天后，于7月7日在Netflix上首次公开亮相。
58.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。第一句话提到过这个故事，所以再次提到用定冠词the，故填the。句意：这部40集的奇幻故事改编自作家苍月的畅销小说《朱颜》，在微视网播出五天后，于7月7日在Netflix上首次公开亮相。
59.【答案】most popular
【解析】考查形容词最高级。根据one of the top five可知，该剧已成为泰国最受欢迎的五大电视剧之一，所以本空用形容词最高级most popular“最受欢迎的”，作定语，修饰名词series，故填most popular。句意：据腾讯视频旗下的海外流媒体平台微视网称，该剧已成为泰国最受欢迎的五大电视剧之一。
60.【答案】since
【解析】考查介词。根据语境可知，本空填介词since，表示“自从”，故填since。句意：此外，自首映以来，它在美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰等几个国家的单日收视率都位居榜首。
61.【答案】actress
【解析】考查词形转换(名词反义词)。根据空后的Ren Min可知，本空填名词actress，表示“女演员”，故填actress。句意：这部由男演员肖站和女演员任敏主演的电视剧讲述了一个虚构的世界，三个种族拥有不同的超自然力量，从复活枯萎的植物到把眼泪变成珍珠。
62.【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是fictional world，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。句意：这部由男演员肖站和女演员任敏主演的电视剧讲述了一个虚构的世界，三个种族拥有不同的超自然力量，从复活枯萎的植物到把眼泪变成珍珠。
63.【答案】ranging
【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为portrays，此处应用非谓语动词，且powers与range from...to“范围从……到……”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填ranging。句意：这部由男演员肖站和女演员任敏主演的电视剧讲述了一个虚构的世界，三个种族拥有不同的超自然力量，从复活枯萎的植物到把眼泪变成珍珠。
64.【答案】focuses
【解析】考查动词的时态。focus on“专注于，关注”。根据句意和develop可知，主句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语专题3.1 语法填空之题型剖析-2024年新高考英语二轮复习重难点突破
从体裁的选择上看，新高考I卷对说明文情有独钟，新高考II卷则对记叙文青睐有加。语篇取材丰富多彩，反映社会关注，体现文化特色。三年新高考I卷话题涉及中国美食、生态文明和自然美景(介绍中国美食——小笼包<2023新高考I卷>；建立大熊猫国家公园的计划<2022新高考I卷>；介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海，温泉以及台阶<2021新高考I卷>)。
1.有提示词与无提示词占比有7：3的、也有6：4的。6：4的难度稍大；
2.有提示词的考查有三个必考点：动词(谓语动词和非谓语动词)、形容词/副词以及名词；代词和比较等级偶尔考查。无提示词有三个常考点，分别为连接词(包括并列连词和从句引导词)、冠词和介词；关系代词偶尔考查；
3.2023年新高考I卷语法填空的命题一反常态，把对非谓语动词的考查放在了特别重要的地位(共4题)，其中所传递出的信息要引起高三师生的足够重视。
一、有提示词填空题考点解读
有提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到动词、名词、代词、形容词及副词。
补充说明：
1.对谓语动词的考查也可以是时态、语态连起来考查，又可以是主谓一致结合语态考查；当然虚拟语气肯定也要注意语态和主谓一致问题的。
特别注意谓语动词还可涉及到对祈使句的判断：
例如：(节选自2016·课标II卷)It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever
it is, 50 (make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】make
【解析】考查祈使句。本句中动词短语make sure放在句首，构成祈使句。句意：要保证它是让你释放压力，而不是让你担忧的事。
2.动词的派生包括：转换成名词(可数名词还要注意单复数的情况)、转换成形容词、转换成反义词等；
3.名词的派生包括：转换成动词、转换成形容词、转换成反义词等；
4.人称代词涉及到主格向宾格或所有格的转换；
5.形容词的派生包括：转换成名词、转换成副词、转换成反义词等。特别要注意由分词转换而来的形容词变成副词的问题(如：undoubtedly, tiredly, surprisingly等)。另外不要忘记形容词(短语)是可以作状语的；
二、无提示词填空题考点解读
无提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到代词、介词、冠词、并列连词，从属连词以及其他语境填词等。
补充说明：
1.it 代词的用法：指代上文事物，形式主语，形式宾语，强调句型以及动词短语中的it(get it, make it等)；
2.人称代词和指示代词的指代；
3.物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；
4.反身代词作宾语(宾语与主语为同一人或物)，尤其是动词短语中的反身代词；
5.搭配中的介词主要指：介词短语中的介词、动词短语中的介词、形容词短语中的介词等；还有with复合结构中的with；
6.并列连词是指表示上下文的逻辑关系的各种连词；
7.表示上下文逻辑关系的副词(短语)，尽管其不是用来连接主从复合句的，但可以将其归类为联系上下文的连接副词；
8.倒装句也包括省略if的虚拟条件句；
9.强调句亦包括用do, did进行强调的句式；
10.固定搭配或句型是指：as ... as possible, more than, on/upon doing sth., would ... rather than, it was doing ... when ...等等类似的结构。
三、新高考近三年未涉及的考点提醒
(一)有提示词
1.词义转换(不改变词性却要改变词义，比如反义词)
(改编自2023高一上·全国假期作业)Your mistake caused a lot of _______(necessary)work in the office.
2.形容词(短语)作状语
(改编自2022高一下·全国假期作业)After the long journey, the three of them went back home,
_______(hunger)and tired.
3.基数词转换成序数词
(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___62___(six)century, B. C.
(二)无提示词
1.疑问句
(2014·课标卷II)Then the driver stood up and asked,“___68___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ” A woman on the bus shouted
2.强调句(包括用do, did强调的句式)
(改编自2021高三上·全国课时练)It was only after I heard she became sick ________ I learned she couldn’t eat MSG(味精)!
(北京顺义区四中2020-2021学年第一学期高三期末)When doing an important experiment, ________ devote yourself to it until you you’ve achieved satisfactory results.
3.倒装句(包括省略if的虚拟条件句)
(改编自2022高一上·北京西城期中)Such a passionate speech ________ he make at the school opening ceremony that we each were deeply moved and strongly inspired.
(2019高三下·全国专题练)________ the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.
4.it作形式主语或宾语
(2021高三上·全国专题练)She remembered how difficult ________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
5.不定代词
(黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中)After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ___64___(an)amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.
I’m glad I made a choice. It made ___65___ of us feel good.
6.情态动词
(黑龙江省2018届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟八)Table manners vary from culture to culture. What is acceptable in one country _______ be considered extremely rude in another.
7.表示上下文逻辑关系的副词(短语)
(黑龙江省哈尔滨市三中2020-2021学年高二下学期4月月考)Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis often thought to be richest woman in the world. _______, her personal wealth seems rather small.
高考英语语法填空绝对不是就像“考查语法”那么简单，而是一道综合性极强的题型：该题型不仅涉及到对语篇和语义理解的考查，还涉及到对词法、句法和(狭义上的)语法的考查，故语法填空的难点主要体现在：
1.词法上的难点：对实词的词性或词形转换考查；对冠词、介词的考查；另外还有对固定短语/搭配中的介词或副词的考查。
2.句法上的难点：对三大从句、连词以及特殊句式的考查；
3.(狭义上的)语法上的难点：对谓语动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等的考查。
注：如何破解以上这些难点，请参看后续专题。
一、有提示词题的解题
(一)提示词为“动词”的题——“分析+辨别+推敲”
“辨别+辨别”：分析句子结构，辨别空格处是否作谓语。
“推敲”：1.如果是用作谓语，推敲是否考查动词的时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致还是兼而有之；
2.如果不用作谓语，推敲是否考查非谓语动词，是用不定式、动词-ing形式还是用过去分词；
3.如果既不用作谓语，又不用作非谓语动词，那就应该是考查词性的转换，推敲是否将名词转换成名词，还是形容词(包括转换成当作形容词来用的过去分词或现在分词)。
【例1】(2022·新高考II卷)Henry ___42___(fix)his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___(throw)his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
【例2】(2020·新高考I卷)“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it ___67___(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___(construct).”
【例3】(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It ___41___(build)originally to protect the city ___42___(in/during)the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). It is possible ___43___(walk)or bike the entire 14
kilometers.
【例4】(2024年浙江1月卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ___41___(offer)in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___42___(start)selling chicken or salad in packs ___43___(design)with two halves containing separate portions(份).
【例5】(2024年浙江1月卷)However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ___36___(benefit)from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
【例6】(2022·新高考II卷)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___(fall)child.
...
... Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___(see)them.
【例7】(2021·新高考II卷)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___37___
(think)it is food.
【例8】(2021·浙江1月卷)In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ___34___(study)had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
【例9】(2024年浙江1月卷)Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ___40___(criticize)that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items.
(二)提示词为“形容词/副词/名词/代词/数词”题——“分析+变形+转换”
分析句子结构，确定“变形+转换”的方向。
1.形容词/副词题的“变形+转换”
①比较等级的变形(比较级、最高级的构成形式)；
②词性/形的转换(形容词与副词的相互转换，形容词转换成名词，有些形容词/副词要转换成<不改变词性只通过变形改变词义的>反义词)。
【例1】(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___(good)than to ride on a piece of history!
【例2】(2022·全国乙卷)As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___(large)tea-producing country, China has a ___65___(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
【例3】(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___(sleep)while watching TV.
【例4】(2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
【例5】(2022·浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ___40___(rough)200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
【例6】(2021·新高考I卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ___58___(undoubted)help you get refreshed!
2.名词题的“变形+转换”
①名词数(复数)与格(所有格)的变形；
②词性的转换(转换成形容词)。
【例1】(2021·新高考I卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___57___(human)are.
【例2】(2021·全国乙卷)___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足).
【例3】(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)“He saved my ___44___(son)life,” said Mrs. Brown.
【例4】(2021·全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___(watchtower)to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ___50___
(day)routines.
3.代词题的“变形+转换”
①人称代词格(主格、宾格、所有格<形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词>)的变形；
②词形的转换(转换成<不改变词性只通过变形改变词义的>反身代词)。
【例1】(2020·新高考I卷)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___69___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ___70___(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
【例2】(2021·新高考I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ___64___(I).
【例3】(2021·浙江6月卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
4.数词题的“变形+转换”
①数词在表示“概数”概念时数的变形(用复数形式)；
②词形的转换(转换成<不改变词性只通过变形改变词义的>序数词)。
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ___45___(one)may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
【例2】(改编自2023上·全国高一期末)He remembered the factory where he used to work in his ________.
【例3】(2021·新高考II卷)I’ve always loved the ocean. In the ___36___(seven)grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
二、无提示词题的解题
(一)分析空格前/后，关注固定搭配
1.分析空格前后，关注空格处所要填的词与前面或后面的词构成某种固定搭配或固定短语；
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Then, when you use one section, ___44___ other stays fresh.
【例2】(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【例3】(2022下·全国·高三专题练)Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive ________ possible before lunch.
【例4】(2022下·全国·高二课时练)It turned ________ that he was the general manager of the company.
【例5】(2023上·全国·高一课时练)From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that we can’t be ________ careful, especially in examinations.
【例6】(2022下·全国·高二课时练)Let’s not wait any longer; he might not turn ________ at all.
2.如果空格后有名词并且表示泛指或者特指含义，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，此时该空格处要填写冠词。关注固定搭配中的冠词；
【例1】(2022新高考II卷)___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father.
【例2】(2022全国甲卷)___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
【例3】(2022年全国乙卷)To celebrate___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
【例4】(2021·新高考I卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ___65___ must to visit!
【例5】(2020·全国II卷)The plum trees are ___70___ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
3.如果空格后的名词或者代词在句中不能独立作句子中的某个成分，其前一般填介词(以构成介词短语作句中的状语以及表示被动句中动作的执行者)。关注与动词、形容词或者名词搭配的介词(做题时应先根据上下文推断出设空处的具体意思，然后根据熟记的短语来确定要填的词)。
【例1】(2021·全国高考乙卷】It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
... Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
【例2】(2020·新课标II卷)Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
【例3】(2020·新课标II卷)Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home.
【例4】(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
【例5】(2020·新高考I卷)Museums must compete ___45___ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
【例6】(2023·山东省济南市统考)Jinling Library has always focused on using books ___63___ a bridge to understanding of Chinese culture for global citizens .
(二)分析句子结构，关注特殊句型
1.分析句子结构，如果空格前后是两个并列成分，而且两个成分之间为并列、转折、选择等关系，此时应填连词(特别要注意平行结构的连词，如：not only ..., but also ..., neither ..., nor ..., either ... or, both ... and ...等等)；
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___37___ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
【例2】(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)When he looked down, he ___40___(accidental)accidentally slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him.
【例3】(2021·全国甲卷)My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job.
【例4】(2021·浙江6月卷)Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
【例5】(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)】They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
2.分析句子结构，如果空格前是一个句子，空格后又是一个句子，此时应考虑填与定语从句、名词性从句或状语从句相关联的关系词或连接词；
【例1】(2024年浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ___38___ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ___39___ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo(单独)customers out of pocket and disappointed.
【例2】(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___42___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
【例3】(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【例4】(2020·全国III卷)Filled with ___64___(curious)curiosity, the artist packed his bags and left. ___65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
3.分析句子结构，如果空格前是一个句子，空格后又是一个句子(包括省略句)，且有连词连接，此时可能填代词(用于指代前面句中的某个名词<短语>)；
【例1】(2020·全国高三专题练)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ___67___ every day.
【例2】(2021·黑龙江大庆高二阶段练) The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ___62___ in any other area of the city.
4.关注特殊句型，包括：强调句型、倒装句和固定句型(比如：it在固定句型中的用法以及it作形式主语和形式宾语的情况、such/so ... that ..., no sooner/hardly ... than/when ..., was/were doing ... when ..., be about to do when ..., would rather ... than ...等等)。
【例1】(2023上·黑龙江哈尔滨期中)I’d appreciate ___64___ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
【例2】(2023下·全国课时练)Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made ___54___ much more convenient and popular both in China and overseas.
【例6】(2019全国III卷)On our way to the house, it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
【例7】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)He made ________ great progress that his parents were pleased with him.
【例8】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)Looking back, I feel I wouldn’t be able to ride a bike ________ I lost heart.
【例9】(2023上·全国高一单元练)It is the tallest building ________ Daming has seen ever since he came here.
【例10】(2021上·黑龙江双鸭山期中)No sooner ________ the game started than it began to rain heavily.
【例11】(2023下·广东深圳期中)Tom was about to close the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird.
【例12】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)No sooner had we arrived at the cinema ________ the film began.
【例13】(改编自《备战2023年高考英语语法知识串讲与运用》)How long will it be ________ he finishes his homework
【例14】(2022下·全国高二课时练)________ so happened that I had no money with me.
【例15】(2022下·全国高二课时练)He never complains when ________ comes to his wife with the housework.
2023年新高考I卷
Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ___56___(taste)soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ___57___(bite)a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), ___58___ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ___59___(recognize)home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ___60___ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___61___(lift)out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ___62___(they)contents. The meat should be fresh with ___63___ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ___64___(rare)enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___65___(want)more next time.
2023年新高考II卷
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach … the animals
Since June 2017, right before the ___56___(arrive)of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___(confidence)speaking English. And who do they speak English ___58___
Not the pandas, even though ___59___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60___(visit)Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___61___(interview)in English with international journalists. This is ___62___ they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning ___63___(basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___64___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___65___(wish)to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
1
(2024上·山东德州高三统考期末)In recent decades, China has fulfilled the task of the Yungang Grottoes in Shanxi Province, thanks to the efforts of researchers. It was a great challenge to preserve the historical and ___56___(culture)heritage site that was created more than 1,500 years ago in any country.
Yungang Grottoes, ___57___ stretch for about one km from east to west, are located in Datong. There are 45 main caves along the mountain, ___58___(house)more than 59, 000 statues. In 2001, Yungang Grottoes ___59___ (add)onto the UNESCO World Heritage list. UNESCO said the site has ___60___ universal value as it represents the outstanding achievements of Buddhist cave art in China.
Yungang Grottoes were ___61___(original)built during the Northern Wei Dynasty(386-534). The Grottoes are like a thousand-year-old historical book ___62___(carve)on cliffs and rocks. They recorded the changes of time and ___63___(witness)the stories, exchanges, and integrations among people of various ethnic groups.
While proud of its increasing ___64___(recognize)in global academic circles, the local authorities and researchers understand protecting this precious heritage site has become a pressing challenge. One of the solutions for preservation is to apply special materials on the walls of the caves ___65___(coat)and prevent them from being eroded by wind and water.
2
(2024上·广东惠州高三期末统考)From the adorable pandas in Sichuan to the playful Pallas’s cats in Inner Mongolia, photographer Xie Jianguo has committed himself to documenting China’s rare and endangered animals, ___56___ highlight the country’s unique natural wonders.
Xie’s passion for ___57___(photograph)wild animals is evident in his frequent visits to the remote destinations such as the Arctic continent. Since 2012, Xie Jianguo has redirected his lens(镜头)toward his homeland, focusing ___58___ wildlife in China. Now his ___59___(footprint)have covered nearly all the provinces and regions throughout China.
During his shooting process, Xie ___60___(place)great emphasis on building a harmonious relationship with
the animals he encounters, ensuring that they are undisturbed and represented in their natural state. Xie said, “I am eager ___61___(record)the beautiful moments of wildlife, to not only represent their living conditions but also to raise people’s ___62___(aware)of protecting wild animals and their habitats. ___63___(hopeful), my images can show the biodiversity and the achievements of wildlife protection in China.”
With the aim of preserving the natural beauty of China ___64___promoting its rich natural image culture to the world, Xie launched a project called “Nature Image China” in 2016. So far, over 100 photo exhibitions ___65___(organize)by the project at home and abroad.
3
(2024上·辽宁大连高三统考期末)China has a long history of more than 5000 years. In the vastness of history, Chinese traditional culture constantly shows ___56___(it)unique charm and is deeply loved and appreciated by people around the world. Among the ancient Chinese literature, the Four Great Classical Novels, also referred to as the four greatest and most ___57___(influence)novels written in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, stand out.
___58___ the four novels have in common is that they were written in the vernacular(白话文)of their times,
___59___ most ancient literature that was written in the classical style of writing. Most Chinese are familiar with the figures, plots and scenes in the four novels. They have ___60___(dramatic)affected the mentality, ideas and values of Chinese people. They were widely read by people and contained philosophical ideas, history and viewpoints about human society that ___61___(define)part of the worldviews of the scholar and the ___62___
(political), which had ___63___significant effect on the development of Chinese societies in past eras.
Nowadays, they have already been adapted into movies or TV series, ___64___(favor)by lots of audiences. Being high in artistic standard, the Four Great Classical Novels are precious heritage of Chinese nation and ___65___(strike)works in the history of Chinese literature.
4
(2024上·湖北武汉高三统考期末)Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park in Gansu is the best representative of China’s colorful Danxia landform. With a wide ___56___(various)of landforms, this enormous park covers ___57___ area of 510 square kilometres. ___58___(extend)along the northern part of Qilian Mountain in west China, it was said to be part of The Great Silk Road. At one time, Marco Polo arrived in China through this area. ___59___(former)a provincial park and scenic area, it ___60___(become)a national geopark in November 2011.
The site is characterized by amazing landforms, including ___61___(drama)natural towers, deep valleys and impressive waterfalls. These landscapes have helped to conserve broad-leaved evergreen forests, and host many flowers and plants, about 400 of ___62___are considered to be rare or ___63___(threaten).
The most representative spots in the park such as the Seven-color Screen and the Colorful Sunset look like a rainbow hanging in the distance. However, scenes are totally different on the edge of the hills. The colors there turn into yellow and grey like shells in the sun. Scenes are even more breathtaking ___64___ sunrise and sunset when lights and shadows ___65___(cast)on the hills paint this region with unique beauty.
5
(2024上·福建高三统考期末)Dujiangyan is an ancient irrigation system, ___56___(locate)in the Min River Valley, Sichuan Province, China. It ___57___(build)by a governor named Li Bing and his son, who have been admired by Chinese for over 2,000 years.
The system consists of three main ___58___(part): the Yuzui(Fish Mouth)levee(河堤), the Feishayan(Flying Sand Weir), and the Baopingkou(Bottle-Neck Channel). The Yuzui redirects water away from the city of Chengdu while allowing sand and mud ___59___(flow)through the main channel, preventing flooding. The Feishayan controls the flow of water and helps prevent gradual destruction, while the Baopingkou distributes the water ___60___ farmland.
Dujiangyan has been able to control the water flow without the use of dams or gates ___61___ is considered one of the greatest engineering projects in ancient China. It has also played a crucial role in irrigating the surrounding farmland, ___62___(make)the region one of the most fertile croplands in China.
In addition to its ___63___(practice)uses, Dujiangyan is also a popular tourist attraction, ___64___ visitors come to admire the ancient architecture and learn about its history. In 2000, it was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its cultural and historical ___65___(significant).
6
(2024上·四川成都石室中学高三校考期末)The Longest Promise, 56 (current)one of the most popular dramas on domestic internet platforms, has successfully expanded its reach to international markets.
57 (adapt)from writer Cang Yue’s popular novel Zhu Yan, 58 40-episode fantastic story made its first public appearance on Netflix on July 7, five days after its release on WeTV.
According to WeTV, the overseas streaming platform of Tencent Video which is available in over 110 countries and regions, the drama has emerged as one of the top five 59 (popular)series in Thailand. Also, it has secured the top for single-day viewership in several countries, including the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand 60 its premiere(首映).
Starring actor Xiao Zhan and 61 (actor)Ren Min, the drama portrays a fictional world 62 three races possess distinct supernatural powers, 63 (range)from reviving withered plants to transforming tears into pearls. The main storyline 4 (focus)on a prince and a princess who develop feelings for each other and unite their forces 65 (save)the world from an extreme state of chaos. The series is also set to be released in a number of other Asian markets, including Japan, South Korea and Malaysia.
7
(2024上·云南昭通高三统考期末)An essential element of the ecosystem is water. Water is polluted when harmful chemicals go into water bodies, ___56___ results in the decline of animal and human’s life quality.
The most common cause of water pollution is the direct process of industrial waste into the surface water. Since the dawn of industrialization, numerous ___57___(factory)have been releasing poisonous chemical compounds. When these wastes ___58___(release)into lakes, rivers and seas, they poison freshwater or saltwater animals and plants, and then destroy the ecosystem. Even when the industrial wastes are buried underground, they can still permeate(渗入)the soil to pollute ___59___ underground water.
Another cause of water pollution is human waste. ___60___(vary)kinds of bacteria may lead to gastrointestinal infection if they appear in the water supply. The oil spill is also worth ___61___(mention). Most of the marine animals cannot digest oil, ___62___ clean the spilling oil on their feathers. Therefore, they ___63___(die)soon unless there are human treatments. The spill also ___64___(serious)affects seawater, which damages the tourist industry of coastal regions.
People can’t survive ___65___ water. Let’s take action together to protect water
8
(2024上·河北沧州泊头市高三联考期末)A man who recently made his 27th attempt al passing the gaokao, China’s national college entrance examination, has ended up falling short of his goal.
Liang Shi, 56, scored 424 points out of a total of 750, which was 34 points ___56___(low)than the minimum requirement for being admitted into the second batch of universities in Sichuan Province, Cover News reported.
Liang ___57___(previous)said that he would go to a satisfactory university ___58___ stop sitting the gaokao if he managed to meet the requirement for the second batch of universities. However, he was unable to hit that line, ___59___meant Liang would not reach that target this year.
The Sichuan native first took the gaokao in 1983. After the first few failed ___60___(attempt), his parents persuaded him ___61___(enter)a technical school, but he quit after a year. He worked different jobs, got married and earned ___62___ small fortune, while retaking the test several times. Since 2010, he has sat the gaokao every year. Two years ago, he switched from science subjects in the gaokao ___63___ liberal arts.
Some netizens have been critical of Liang’s “unremitting” attitude, ___64___(comment)he is just putting on a show. But Liang insisted that getting a good score in the gaokao was the only way for him to realize his dream of becoming a college student, and that anything else wasn’t a concern for him. And he also ___65___(state)he would persist in his dream.
9
(2024上·河北高三阶段练)“The real China that I saw with my own eyes was so different ___56___ what the Western media had been portraying for years,” says Wong, who studied in China. The Chinese government ___57___(award)her a scholarship in 2013. Wong studied the Chinese language at Central China Normal University in Wuhan for a year, ___58___ then went to Shijiazhuang and completed her Bachelor’s in law at the Hebei University of Economics and Business in 2018.
“China was full of energy,” Wong recalls. She says she ___59___(impress)by the culture, people and landscapes when she was in China. “I really have wonderful ___60___(memory)of my visits,” Wong says.
Wong now works as a ___61___(manage)at Dingjin Real Estate Development Co and oversees Nausori Plaza,
___62___ is one of its largest investments in Fiji.
China’s ambassador to Fiji, Zhou Jian, says Fijians are becoming more interested in ___63___(learn)about China. ___64___(recent), many young people and students have traveled to China.
“If you’ve never been to China, you should visit,” Wong says. “It’s the only way you will know what China
___65___(true)is.”
10
(2024上·广东汕头高三统考期末)On a chilly December morning in Beijing, Zhang Ting ___56___(rise)at 6 a.m. and started to dress for her trip to the Summer Palace. Two hours later, the stylish 28-year-old, a hip-hop singer-songwriter, ___57___(wear)hanfu — traditional Chinese costume, arrived at the Summer Palace, an imperial garden established during the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911)and ___58___ UNESCO World Heritage site. She visited here ___59___(gain)inspiration for a new song, for which she planned to mix elements of ___60___(tradition)
Chinese culture with her own style of music, known as guo feng, or music with a Chinese flavor.
Zhang joined a workshop ___61___(launch)by a platform aimed at supporting and cultivating original Chinese music and independent ___62___(musician)from China.
Soon afterward, she wrote the song Hong Yu in memory of Liang Hongyu, a respected heroine during the Song Dynasty(960-1279). “Images of these female roles came instantly to mind ___63___ I saw the ancient stage at the Summer Palace,” she said.
The three-day activity brought together singer-songwriters from around the country and targeted new songs featuring elements of guo feng. Li Liang, head of the program, said, “Young people grow up with the Internet and are open ___64___ different cultures. They are now embracing ___65___(they)own cultural aesthetics(美学), which is meaningful.”
