专题1.6 阅读理解七选五之说明文-2024年新高考英语二轮复习重难点突破
高考英语阅读理解七选五所选体裁主要有记叙文和说明文两种，其所选阅读语篇总离不开“人与自我、人与社会和人与自然”等三大话题主题语境，涉及包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多个领域的内容。
本专题主要讨论阅读理解“七选五之说明文”重难点的突破。
年份 卷别 体裁 题材 段首设空 段中设空 段尾设空
2023 新高考I卷 说明文 自我宽恕和增强自信 0 4 1
新高考II卷 说明文 如何开始艺术之旅 1 3 1
2022 新高考I卷 说明文 如何寻找健身的伙伴 0 4 1
新高考II卷 说明文 写文章的技巧 1 4 0
2021 新高考I卷 记叙文 体验巴黎当地的生活 1 4 0
新高考II卷 说明文 提高阅读速度的建议 1 2 2
从三年新高考I卷和II卷阅读七选五命题所选的体裁来看，说明文占绝对多数，记叙文仅有一篇。从其设空的位置(段首空为4空、段中空为21空、段尾空为5空)来看，命题人特别注重的还是对段中空的设置。一般来说，段中空越多，难度就越大。因为解段中空，需要考生瞻前顾后。新高考I卷段中设空三年都保持在4空，这说明新高考I卷阅读七选五难度保持相对稳定。
一、段首设空的考点
1.段落标题句(其特点非常明显：位于文章的首位或是段与段之间，呈现形式为单独成行或成段)；
2.段落主旨句(设空在首段段首处时，有可能考查的是通篇主题句)；
3.段落过渡句(承上启下句或导入句)。
二、段中设空的考点
上下文关联句：段落语篇结构、行文逻辑关系等；
三、段尾设空的考点
1.首段段尾设空考查承上启下句，引出全文要谈的几个方面或段落及全文主题句；
2.段落段尾设空考查段落主题句/总结句(往往与段落开头呼应)，(承上启下)过渡句或细节支撑句(与空前或空后内容形成某种内在的逻辑关系)；
3.全篇段尾设空考查全文的总结句(往往与文章开头呼应)。
说明文体裁的七选五的难点与说明文体裁的阅读理解题的难点有类似的地方，但是有所区别，因为两种题型所考查的侧重点不同。说明文体裁的七选五更加侧重考查考生对文本整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。另外，说明文体裁七选五的篇幅明显小于说明文体裁的阅读理解题，阅读难度相对略低。
1.整体把握文本内容难：说明文的总体结构通常分为三个部分(说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结)，作者在其说明对象和说明过程中，往往叠加了许多信息构成比较长的句子，加上考生有关背景知识的缺乏(说明文往往涉及某个特定的领域<如，涉及科技领域的最新发展>，如果考生对于这个领域的相关知识不甚了解，就会导致在理解文本内容时产生困惑)，给考生快速理解文本，明确文章的主题、抓住关键信息带来较大的难度；
2.理清文本篇章结构难：说明文的段落组织结构比较复杂(参看专题1.3阅读理解之说明文中的有关内容)，给考生在短时间内理清文章的总体结构，理清各个段与段之间，段内上下文之间的内在联系、逻辑关系带来较大的难度；
3.甄别两个干扰选项难：七选五其中两个干扰项与其余五个备选项中的一个选项往往具有相似性，极具迷惑性(跟文本内容的一处乃至不止一处貌合神离)，给考生在短时间内甄别出两个干扰选项带来一定的难度。而且更为可怕的是，一旦甄别有误，会引发连锁反应，大概率误选就不止一题。
一、读文研题抓关键
阅读文本，研读备选项，抓住其中的关键部分。
1.理清文本结构：关注记叙文的情节发展和六大要素、关注说明文的文本结构和说明对象、说明过程和归
纳总结；
2.提炼主旨大意：全文所讲的主题是什么；
3.再读各段首句：段落首段多起到引入话题和引起下文的作用；段落首句多为段落的主题句。尽可能多的
记住文章的主要信息；
4.细析空格前后：标画出关联词，特别是各种表逻辑关系的连词，代词；细析空格前后的句式结构。
5.快读七个选项：快速阅读七个选项，并标画出关键词，特别是代词，连词，同时注意选项的句式结构。
二、精准匹配定答案
1.借助空位位置精准匹配定答案：根据空格所在位置判断考向，根据考向选择答案；
2.借助关键词汇精准匹配定答案：根据备选项中的关键词汇与文本进行比对定答案；
关键词汇主要来自于两个方面：一是词汇的复现，即寻找复现的词汇，这些词在文章中上下文的不同位置对同一概念进行重复描述，以保证前后衔接，主要包括：原词复现，同义词/近义词复现，反义词复现等；二是代词的指代，一般是指代前面提到的名词，并巧妙利用这种指代关系解题。
3.借助逻辑关系精准匹配定答案：此类题目一般在段中设题，主要考查上下句之间的逻辑关系，如并列或递进、转折或让步、因果、解释例证等，多以标志词来体现句子之间的联系。
表示并列关系常见的词有first(ly), second(ly), first, then/next, in the first place, in the second place, for one thing..., for another(thing), to begin with, to conclude等等；
表示递进关系常见的词有too, also, besides, even, further, furthermore, moreover, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not...but..., not only...but also等等。
表示转折或让步关系常见的词有but, however, yet, while/though, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, yet等。
表示因果关系常见的词有as a result, thus, so/therefore, so/such...that..., thus, consequently(结果)等。
现以“2022·新课标I卷”为例演示一下完整的解题过程，供考生平时练习时参考。
(2022·新课标I卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “ ___36___ ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙)competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core(核心)of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
1.36, 37, 38, 40都处在段落的中间，一般来说，在此位置的选项起到承上启下的作用，需要关注空格前一句和后一句的内容。39处于段落的末尾，一般末尾句起到总结全段内容或承接上文的作用。
2.本文为说明文，文本结构为总分总的结构。
3.本文介绍了有锻炼伙伴的益处和如何找到一个好的锻炼伙伴。
4.本文第一段引入话题，是有关有锻炼伙伴的益处；
第二段利用一个问句(那么，你如何找到锻炼伙伴呢？)引起下文；
第三段的首句是主题句，是有关决定你想从你的锻炼伙伴身上得到什么；
第四，五段是有关在哪里，用什么方式寻找锻炼伙伴；
最后一段是文章的总结，是有关你和你的锻炼伙伴都有着不同的技能，会起到互相帮助的作用。
5.36题前，One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while
another read: “___36___”，其中one…another(一个……另一个)，前后肯定有关联，而且后面都为直接引
语，句式结构可能相同或相似。同时标画出代词you，36题中主语也应该是you，而且是另一个原因。
37空后面标画出or，or为并列连词，说明前后为并列关系，在语义上构成选择关系；or后是一般疑问句，那么37空有很大可能也是一般疑问句。
6.备选项中的关键信息
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (其中such指代前文提到的内容，很关键)
36.【答案】C
【解析】根据文中“one…another(一个……另一个)”判断前后肯定有关联，而且后面都为直接引语，句式结构可能相同或相似。根据上句“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,(如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼)”我们会发现C选项句子结构、主语“you”都与之匹配。再结合后文“With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle competition.(有一个锻炼伙伴，你将会努力训练，因为你们之间有一个微妙的竞争)”进行验证，可知，空格处应该陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。选项C中的“train with someone else”与后文的“With a workout partner”相对应，选项C“You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力)”符合语义，故选C项。
37.【答案】D
【解析】or为并列连词，说明前后为并列关系，在语义上构成选择关系；or后是一般疑问句，那本空空有很大可能也是一般疑问句(如果考生不愿细致考虑，就可以秒杀答案)。根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person.(首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility (或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的，故空处与后文是选择关系，你要知道你锻炼是为了什么。所以选项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗)”与后文在语义上构成选择关系，故选D项。
38.【答案】B
【解析】根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response.(你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。选项B中的“live close by”与后文的“belong to the same gym”相对应，故选B项。
39.【答案】G
【解析】本空处于段落的末尾，可能起总结全段内容或承接上文的作用。根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.(我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information.(任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息)”(其中such指代前文提到的内容)是对上文内容的总结，故选G项。
40.【答案】F
【解析】根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills.(你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core(核心)of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. (久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。你们关系的核心是你们永远在一起互相帮助)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。选项F中的“differences”对应前文的“different skills”，选项中的“work with each other”对应后文的“be there to help each other”，故选项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)”起到承上启下的作用，故选F项。
2023年新高考I卷
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错)is human. ___36___ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ___37___ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ___38___
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ___39___ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché(陈词滥调)that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ___40___ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【语篇导读】本篇说明文鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
36.【答案】D
【解析】根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错)is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用，故选D。
37.【答案】B
【解析】根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点，故选B。
38.【答案】F
【解析】根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来，故选F。
39.【答案】C
【解析】根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致，故选C。
40.【答案】G
【解析】根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché(陈词滥调)that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长，故选G。
2023年新高考II卷
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
●Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本)for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___36___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
●Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___37___
●Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___38___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
●___39___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___40___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【语篇导读】本篇说明文介绍了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
36.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本)for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.(从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.(你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art.(不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系，故选C项。
37.【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.(经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.(你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对上文的总结，故选G项。
38.【答案】A
【解析】根据上文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new.(不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful.(艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone.(走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系，故选A项。
39.【答案】D
【解析】根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.(寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句，故选D项。
40.【答案】E
【解析】根据上文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.(你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.(坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.(你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系，故选E项。
2023年全国甲卷
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. ___36___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___37___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足)may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___38___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___39___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___40___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【语篇导读】本篇说明文主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
36.【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer.(这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
37.【答案】E
【解析】根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.(加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
38.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.(把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
39.【答案】C
【解析】根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合上文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
40.【答案】F
【解析】根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself(你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient.(然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
2023年全国乙卷
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ___36___, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species(物种)are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ___37___.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “___38___. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ___39___.
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “___40___,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【语篇导读】本篇说明文介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
36.【答案】B
【解析】根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境，故选B。
37.【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“Many of these species(物种)are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
38.【答案】C
【解析】根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境，故选C。
39.【答案】E
【解析】根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境，故选E。
40.【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处，故选G。
2024年浙江1月卷
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___36___ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ___37___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___38___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. ___39___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___40___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
【语篇导读】本篇说明文主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。
36.【答案】G
【解析】由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.(在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.(一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选G。
37.【答案】F
【解析】由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade (但是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade (如果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选F。
38.【答案】A
【解析】由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.(在线学习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题，故A选项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.(但这并不意味着没有最后期限)”与上文构成转折关系，that指代上一句话，符合题意，故选A。
39.【答案】D
【解析】由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.(他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.(Alex Davidson教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D项中的“Alex Davidson教授”，符合题意，故选D。
40.【答案】E
【解析】由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.(社会关系通常是学习的重要组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议，讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E选项“The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.(对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动)”能引起下文，符合题意，故选E。
1
(2024·广东肇庆·统考二模)If you are seeking a job, you need to pay attention to your social media and online comments. ___36___ The following reminders may help you use social media well and grow your career.
●Choose online platforms wisely.
___37___ Instead, decide on one specific platform where you know what to expect and where you can feel safe and supported, and then build your personal channel there. It’s often where people look first to find out more about you. Make it as a space to show the best reflection of you and a place to tell your story and how you want it to be told.
●___38___
Know that people are watching-and it is not just your followers. Your potential clients and employers are paying attention, too. They want to learn about you and see if you are a good fit. The key is defining your professional image. Understand how you want to present yourself to the world, show what you want to be known for, and impress them with your best image.
●Keep it clean and legal.
___39___ This is not to limit free speech but to set rules for a respectful, professional environment. Besides, knowing and understanding the basics of copyright law can help. For example, photos are protected by copyright from the moment they are taken, whether they are registered or not. It is OK to share online videos and photos with your friends, without asking for the owner’s permission and without paying fines. ___40___
If you use social media to your advantage, jobs will flow your way, not away. It’s all in your hands.
A. Befriend your future colleagues.
B. Define your own personal image.
C. You don’t have to register every online platform.
D. Consider setting ground rules for your online channel.
E. Anything that has ever been shared on the Internet is rediscoverable.
F. However, using them in your social media is against the copyright law.
G. They are open for any and all to see-including your future employers.
【语篇导读】本篇说明文主要说明了选择在线平台方法和怎样维护的方法。
36.【答案】G
【解析】由上文“If you are seeking a job, you need to pay attention to your social media and online comments.(如果你正在找工作，你需要关注你的社交媒体和网上评论)”可知，本空要说跟“关注你的社交媒体和网上评论好处”有关的话题，故G选项“They are open for any and all to see-including your future employers.(它们向任何人开放，包括你未来的雇主)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选G。
37.【答案】C
【解析】由本段小标题“Choose online platforms wisely.(明智地选择在线平台)”可知，本空要说跟“明智地选择在线平台”有关的话题，由后文“Instead, decide on one specific platform where you know what to expect and where you can feel safe and supported, and then build your personal channel there.(相反，选择一个特定的平台，在那里你知道会发生什么，你可以感到安全和支持，然后在那里建立你的个人渠道)”可知，本句要表达不要每个在线平台都选，故C选项“You don’t have to register every online platform.(你不必注册每个在线平台)”能承上启下，符合题意，故选C。
38.【答案】B
【解析】由下文“Know that people are watching-and it is not just your followers. Your potential clients and employers are paying attention, too. They want to learn about you and see if you are a good fit. The key is defining your professional image. Understand how you want to present yourself to the world, show what you want to be known for, and impress them with your best image.(要知道，人们都在关注着你，而不仅仅是你的追随者。你的潜在客户和雇主也在关注你。他们想了解你，看看你是否合适。关键是定义你的职业形象。了解你想如何向世界展示自己，展示你想要的，用你最好的形象给他们留下深刻印象)”可知，本空要说跟“个人形象”有关的话题，故B选项“Define your own personal image.(定义你自己的个人形象)”能总结段意，符合做本段小标题，符合题意，故选B。
39.【答案】D
【解析】由本段小标题“Keep it clean and legal.(保持在线频道清洁和合法)”可知，本空要说跟“在线频道清洁和合法”有关的话题，由后文“This is not to limit free speech but to set rules for a respectful, professional environment.(这并不是要限制言论自由，而是要为一个相互尊重的专业环境制定规则)”可知，本句要表达“在线频道规则”有关的话题，故D选项“Consider setting ground rules for your online channel.(考虑为您的在线频道设置基本规则)”能承上启下，符合题意，故选D。
40.【答案】F
【解析】由上文“For example, photos are protected by copyright from the moment they are taken, whether they are registered or not. It is OK to share online videos and photos with your friends, without asking for the owner’s permission and without paying fines.(例如，照片从拍摄的那一刻起，无论是否注册，都受到版权的保护。与你的朋友分享在线视频和照片是可以的，不需要征得主人的同意，也不需要支付罚款)”可知，本空要说跟“版权”有关的话题，故F选项“However, using them in your social media is against the copyright law.(然而，在社交媒体上使用它们是违反版权法的)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选F。
2
(2024·湖南永州·统考二模)Benefits of Personality Tests
Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may. ___36___
Better understand others
After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation. ___37___. No personality type is “better” than any other — just different. Each perspective brings something new and interesting to the table.
Identify our likes and dislikes
Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why. ___38___. By using personality tests like the MBTI, we can learn more about where we lie on the extroversion/introversion and thinking/feeling continuum(连续性). This helps us better understand why we prefer certain things and dislike others.
___39___.
Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.
Recognize our strengths and weaknesses
Knowing what we are good at can be important in a wide variety of situations, whether we are picking a college major or thinking about running for a seat on our local school board. For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ(introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging)on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others. ___40___, it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.
A. Hold on to ideas about who we are
B. Know which situations are ideal for us
C. Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests
D. While they reveal truth that showcases different aspects of personality
E. While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work
F. This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world
G. Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision
【语篇导读】本篇说明文主要讲述了性格测试的好处。
36.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may.(用MBTI和其他人格评估来识别一个人的人格类型真的有帮助吗？他们可能有帮助)”可知，上文讲述的是性格测试有好处。选项C“Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests(以下是性格测试诸多好处的概述)”承接上文指出性格测试有好处，同时引出下文具体的好处，故选C。
37.【答案】F
【解析】根据空前内容“After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation.(在进行性格测试并看到我们的结果后，我们可以更好地理解其他人对相同情况的不同看法和反应)”可知，得知自己的性格后，我们可以更好地理解其他人对相同情况的不同看法和反应。选项F“This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world(这一点很重要，因为我们都有不同的看待世界和与世界互动的方式)”延续上文内容，指出理解不同的人对相同情况有着不一样的看法很重要，故选F。
38.【答案】G
【解析】根据空前“Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why.(也许我们总是讨厌打电话，但从来没有真正明白为什么)”可知，我们并不明白自己讨厌某件事的原因。选项G“Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision(或者也许我们在做决定之前总是需要很多时间来思考问题)”与上文内容一致，指的是我们也不明白为什么自己在做决定之前总是需要很多时间来思考问题，故选G。
39.【答案】B
【解析】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.(更多地了解我们的性格类型也可以帮助我们找到应对挑战的新方法。知道什么最适合我们的性格类型，可以给我们解决问题、处理压力、处理冲突和管理工作习惯的新思路)”可知，本段讲述的是了解自己的性格类型可以帮助我们找到应对挑战的新方法，从而了解什么是最适合我们的。选项B“Know which situations are ideal for us(知道哪些情况对我们来说是最理想的)”正是本段内容的综述，故选B。
40.【答案】E
【解析】根据空前内容“For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ(introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging)on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others.(例如，如果我们知道自己在MBTI测试中属于ISTJ型(内向、敏感、思考和判断)，我们可能会意识到我们性格的某些方面在某些情况下可能是优势，而在另一些情况下可能是劣势)”可知，上文讲述的是我们性格的某些方面在某些情况下可能是优势，而在其他情况下则可能是劣势。而空后内容“it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.(它有时会在我们需要让别人控制的情况下绊倒我们)”指的是劣势，由此可推断，空处指的应该是优势。选项E“While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work(虽然我们的组织能力和细心是我们工作中的一大优势)”指出组织能力和细心是我们工作中的一大优势，与下文内容逻辑一致，指出这样的优势在某些情况下会成为劣势，故选E。
3
(2024·四川攀枝花·统考二模)How hardships make you stronger
Past hardships can help you carry on in the face of current stress. People who experienced a medium level of hardship reported better mental health and higher life satisfaction over time compared to both those who reported a high history of hardship and those with no history of hardship. ___36___
They can bring growth after sufferings. We may find it difficult to believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead to some type of growth. ___37___. Post-traumatic(创伤后的)growth is the experience of positive change after going through a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discovered two common themes that people tend to report after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual growth and improved personal strength.
They build self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the belief or the confidence in your ability to overcome difficulties and succeed. ___38___. First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop. The best way to improve that skill is to learn by doing. If you want to improve your public speaking skills and ability, then you need to practice speaking in public. ___39___ Back to the public speaking example, you could watch video clips of great speakers on YouTube and take notes on how they tell stories or use humor. Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source. Meanwhile, you could turn to the people for help who can give you feedback as you work toward your goals.
They help you transform stress into a challenge. How you think about stress matters enormously in terms of how you process it. ___40___, while others are able to see it as a challenge. With a challenge response, you get additional energy. In fact, people who are able to think about stress more like a challenge and less like a threat report less depression and anxiety, higher levels of energy, work performance and life satisfaction.
A. Some people view stress as a threat
B. It’s developed in three specific ways
C. The next best way to improve is to learn by observing others
D. The fact is that we can get the ability to become stronger after a difficult situation
E. That is because past struggles can help you become stronger in the following ways
F. Your world feels out of control right now and your stress levels are at an all-time high you face
G. The past struggles against hardships, even small ones, can help you step out of the trouble
【语篇导读】本篇说明文主要介绍了困难如何让你变得更坚强。
36.【答案】E
【解析】上文“People who experienced a medium level of hardship reported better mental health and higher life satisfaction over time compared to both those who reported a high history of hardship and those with no history of hardship.(据报告，随着时间的推移，经历过中等程度困难的人比那些经历过严重困难和没有经历过困难的人有更好的心理健康和更高的生活满意度)”指出经历过中等程度困难的人有更好的心理健康和更高的生活满意度，空处承接上文，解释其原因，E项“那是因为过去的苦难可以通过以下方式帮助你变得更坚强”符合，同时引起下文，下文“They can bring growth after sufferings.(它们可以在苦难之后带来成长)”，“They build self-efficacy.(它们建立自我效能感)”，“They help you transform stress into a challenge.(它们帮助您将压力转化为挑战)”具体介绍了过去的苦难如何帮助你变得更坚强，故选E。
37.【答案】D
【解析】上文“We may find it difficult to believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead to some type of growth.(我们可能很难相信痛苦的经历最终会导致某种类型的成长)”指出我们可能很难相信痛苦的经历最终会导致某种类型的成长。下文“Post-traumatic(创伤后的)growth is the experience of positive change after going through a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discovered two common themes that people tend to report after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual growth and improved personal strength.(创伤后成长是指经历重大压力事件后积极变化的经历。研究人员发现，人们在经历压力事件后往往会报告两个常见的主题：精神成长和个人力量的提高)”指出创伤后会导致个人成长，由此可知，前后是转折关系，D项“事实是，我们可以在经历困难之后获得变得更强的能力”符合，与上文是转折关系，同时引起下文，故选D。
38.【答案】B
【解析】上文“Self-efficacy is the belief or the confidence in your ability to overcome difficulties and succeed(自我效能是对自己克服困难并取得成功的能力的信念或信心)”介绍了自我能效的含义，下文“First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop.(首先，选择一个你想要发展的自信领域或技能)”，“Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source.(最后，您可以通过接受可靠且受人尊敬的人士的指导来提高)”从不同得的方面具体介绍了如何建立自我效能，B项“它以三种具体方式发展”符合，it代指上文提的Self-efficacy，故选B。
39.【答案】C
【解析】上文“First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop.(首先，选择一个你想要发展的自信领域或技能)”和下文“Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source.(最后，您可以通过接受可靠且受人尊敬的人士的指导来提高)”分别介绍了如何建立自我效能，尤其是根据First和Lastly得知，空处也应是介绍建立自我效能的方法，C项“下一个最好的提高方法是通过观察他人来学习”符合，下文“Back to the public speaking example, you could watch video clips of great speakers on YouTube and take notes on how they tell stories or use humor.(回到公开演讲的例子，您可以在YouTube上观看优秀演讲者的视频剪辑，并记录他们如何讲故事或使用幽默)”举例子介绍了通过观察他人来建立自我效能，故选C。
40.【答案】A
【解析】上文“How you think about stress matters enormously in terms of how you process it.(你如何看待压力对于你如何处理压力非常重要)”指出如何看待压力很重要，根据下文“while others are able to see it as a challenge.(而其他人则认为这是一个挑战)”中的while可知，空处和下文是对比关系，应指出一些人对压力的看法，A项“有些人将压力视为威胁”符合，故选A。
4
(2024·四川绵阳·统考二模)How To Be More Attractive
Having a beautiful face is hot but having a kind soul is hotter. Having visible success is hot but having invisible achievement is hotter. ___36___. After some research, I find some things that instantly attract me.
Living with passion and purpose
People with purpose move differently. You can see confidence in their eyes, discipline in their action, and determination in their voice. When you come across such people, you’re instantly drawn to them. ___37___. It leaves you with a whisper, “You’ve got this too”.
Empathy & compassion(同理心)
The most attractive people are kind and ask for nothing back. It tells you a lot about a person when they help a stranger with directions, a homeless person with a meal, a friend with an immediate move and a family member with a listening ear. ___38___.
___39___
People who are kind but say yes to everything are not kind. They are just people-pleasers who are constantly seeking agreement and have a hidden motive most of the time. They are never afraid to say no to unhealthy relationships and self-doubt.
A sense of humor
You know that kind of person, right The one who doesn’t take themselves too seriously. ___40___. When talking with them, you’ll find your guard naturally comes down, and that you’re transported back to that childlike state. It’s like that they accept you with all your flaws(瑕疵). This sense of comfort and acceptance is attractive.
A. Having bottom lines
B. Thinking before acting
C. These little things make a big difference
D. Charm is all about the treasure that lies within
E. Friendship is built on trust and help from one another
F. The one that can make you laugh until your stomach hurts
G. Their energy is so powerful that it lights up your own ambitions
【语篇导读】本篇说明文讲述了如何变得更有吸引力的方法。
36.【答案】D
【解析】由标题“How To Be More Attractive(如何变得更有吸引力)”和下文小标题可知文章讲述如何变得更有吸引力的方法，再结合上文“Having a beautiful face is hot but having a kind soul is hotter. Having visible success is hot but having invisible achievement is hotter.(拥有一张美丽的脸是炙手可热的，但拥有一个善良的灵魂更炙手可热。取得看得见的成功很热门，但取得看不见的成就更热门)”讲内在、看不见的善良灵魂和成就更受欢迎可知，该空内容应该与吸引力或魅力与内在、看不见的东西相关，D选项“魅力在于内在的宝藏”切合语境，故选D项。
37.【答案】G
【解析】由小标题“Living with passion and purpose(充满激情和目标地去生活)”可知作者建议要想变得更有吸引力，你可以充满激情和目标地去生活，再结合上文“People with purpose move differently. You can see confidence in their eyes, discipline in their action, and determination in their voice. When you come across such people, you’re instantly drawn to them.(有目标的人行动方式不同。你可以从他们的眼神中看到自信，从他们的行动中看到自律，从他们声音中看到决心。当你遇到这样的人时，你会立刻被他们所吸引)”可知，有激情和目标的人，他们身上散发着自信、自律和决心的气息，你会被他们所吸引，该空应该讲你被这样的人吸引所导致的结果——你也被激发志气，充满激情和目标地去生活，变得更有吸引力，G选项“他们的能量如此强大，以至于激发了你的雄心壮志”呼应下文“It leaves you with a whisper, “You’ve got this too”.(它会给你留下私语：“你也有这个”)”，下文中“this”指的就是因为充满激情和目标地去生活而产生的吸引力，故选G项。
38.【答案】C
【解析】由小标题“Empathy & compassion(同理心)(同情心和同理心)”可知作者建议要想变得更有吸引力，你要有同理心和同情心，再结合上文“It tells you a lot about a person when they help a stranger with directions, a homeless person with a meal, a friend with an immediate move and a family member with a listening ear.(当一个人帮助陌生人问路，帮助无家可归的人吃饭，帮助朋友立即行动，帮助家人倾听时，它会告诉你很多关于他的事情)”讲拥有同理心的人通过各种小善举帮助他人可知，该空应该讲做小善举会带来的影响，C选项“这些小事会带来很大的不同”切合语境，选项中“These little things”呼应上文举的各种小善举的例子，故选C项。
39.【答案】A
【解析】该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“People who are kind but say yes to everything are not kind. They are just people-pleasers who are constantly seeking agreement and have a hidden motive most of the time. They are never afraid to say no to unhealthy relationships and self-doubt.(善良但对一切都说“是”的人是不善良的。他们只是讨人喜欢的人，他们不断寻求赞同，大多数时候都有隐藏的动机。他们从不害怕对不健康的关系和自我怀疑说不)”可知，作者认为要想变得更有吸引力，你要善良，但不能一味地去善良(这样不好)，要做一个敢于对不健康的关系和自我怀疑说不的有自己善良底线的人。A选项“有底线”切合语境，故选A项。
40.【答案】F
【解析】由小标题“A sense of humor(幽默感)”可知作者建议要想变得更有吸引力，你要有幽默感，再结合下文“When talking with them, you’ll find your guard naturally comes down, and that you’re transported back to that childlike state. It’s like that they accept you with all your flaws(瑕疵). This sense of comfort and acceptance is attractive.(当你和他们交谈时，你会发现你的警惕感自然下降了，你又回到了童真的状态。就好像他们接受了你所有的瑕疵。这种舒适感和接受感很有吸引力)”讲有幽默感的人身具吸引力，让他人感到舒适，可知该空应该与有幽默感的人相关，F选项“那个能让你笑到肚子疼的人”切合语境，故选F项。
5
(2024·吉林·统考二模)Being resilient isn’t about avoiding misfortune, but rather how we respond to it. According to the commonly held view, resilience means doing well in the face of risk or hardship.
___36___ We all get exhausted from time to time, and the pandemic has made it even harder for most people to bounce back from challenges. Even if you consider yourself resilient, you may need an extra boost in especially difficult times. To build resilience, experts suggest the following:
Form relationships. During challenging times, establish and maintain a support net-work before you need it, as emphasized by Michael Ungar, PhD, author of Change Your World. When hardship strikes, a supportive friend with good listening skills can make a big difference. ___37___
Find a sense of purpose. When somebody needs you, you can deal with stress much better, Ungar says. Your sense of purpose doesn’t necessarily have to come from school or work. ___38___ So why not grow a backyard vegetable garden or clean up litter in a neighborhood park
Don’t try to remove misfortune completely. Resilience usually refers to how we handle serious hardship. ___39___ “Everyday stress probably helps us learn how to handle bigger challenges and gradually improve our adaptive systems,” says Suniya Luthar, co-author of Authentic Connections.
Keep in mind that building resilience is an ongoing process requiring effort and practice. ___40___ While we may not be able to control the misfortune that comes our way, we can control how we respond to them.
A. So, building a network that cares matters.
B. This is crucial, especially when facing tough times.
C. It can also arise from hobbies or volunteer projects.
D. Taking care of yourself is vital for building resilience.
E. Be flexible in your thinking and open to adjusting your plans.
F. Recently, we’ve found ourselves relying on our resilience more than ever.
G. However, our reactions to significant problems may be influenced partly by minor failures.
【语篇导读】本篇说明文主要提出了一些培养韧性的相关建议。
36.【答案】F
【解析】下文“We all get exhausted from time to time, and the pandemic has made it even harder for most people to bounce back from challenges.”(我们都会不时感到疲惫，疫情使大多数人更难从挑战中恢复过来)说明现在我们的状态不好，F项“Recently, we’ve found ourselves relying on our resilience more than ever.”(我们最近发现自己比以往任何时候都更依赖我们的韧性)与下文构成因果关系，下文具体说明为什么我们现在更依赖我们的韧性，衔接恰当，故选F项。
37.【答案】A
【解析】上文“When hardship strikes, a supportive friend with good listening skills can make a big difference.”(当困难来临时，一个善于倾听的朋友会给你带来很大的不同)说明良好的人际关系有助于克服困难，并结合本段主旨句“Form relationships.”(建立人际关系)可知，A项“So, building a network that cares matters.”(所以，建立一个关心你的网络很重要)与上文构成因果关系，照应本段主旨句，衔接恰当，故选A项。
38.【答案】C
【解析】上文“Your sense of purpose doesn’t necessarily have to come from school or work.”(你的目标感不一定来自学校或工作)说明目标感的来源不一定是学校或工作，C项“It can also arise from hobbies or volunteer projects.”(这也可以来自爱好或志愿项目)其中“it”照应上文“Your sense of purpose”，与上文构成递进关系，故选C项。
39.【答案】G
【解析】上文“Resilience usually refers to how we handle serious hardship.”(韧性通常指的是我们如何应对严重困境)说明了韧性应用于应对严重困境，G项“However, our reactions to significant problems may be influenced partly by minor failures.”(然而，我们对重大问题的反应可能在一定程度上受到小失败的影响)与上文构成转折，并引出下文具体的解释说明“Everyday stress probably helps us learn how to handle bigger challenges and gradually improve our adaptive systems”(日常压力可能会帮助我们学会如何应对更大的挑战，并逐渐改善我们的适应系统)说明在日常压力中培养韧性，有助于应对更大的挑战，故选G项。
40.【答案】B
【解析】上文“Keep in mind that building resilience is an ongoing process requiring effort and practice.”(请记住韧性的培养是一项持续的工作，需要付出努力和实践)说明韧性的培养是长期的坚持，B项“This is crucial, especially when facing tough times.”(这是至关重要的，尤其是在面对困境时)衔接上文，进一步说明在面对困境时，记住韧性的培养是长期的坚持尤为重要，故选B项。
6
(2024·重庆·统考一模)Promoting Body Positivity Movement
“Don’t judge a book by its cover,” the popular saying goes. It reminds us that something’s appearance shouldn’t be the most important thing when we are determining its value. ___36___ Its message is that we should value ourselves for who we are warts and all. So what can we do to promote body positivity
Not comparing your body to others, particularly celebrities, is a good first step. ___37___ Comparing only creates a standard we think we need to reach and leads to feelings of disappointment if we aren’t up to scratch.
___38___ When someone says something nice, embrace it — don’t push it away or play it down. And flatter others too. If you think someone looks nice, or someone has a good idea, tell them, which can lift them up.
Appreciate your body for what it can do—walking, yoga, playing sports or otherwise. ___39___ You can be an incredible man regardless of your shape or size.
And finally, don’t forget that low self-esteem and body confidence issues affect everyone. There aren’t a lot of guys that are pushing the idea of body positivity. The only person who can truly affect your body positivity is you. Becoming comfortable with yourself is unlikely to be accomplished overnight — but don’t give up and just move. Remember that everyone is insecure sometimes. ___40___ Love what you look like.
A. This is what the body positivity movement is all about.
B. Regular workout brings you a strong and capable body.
C. Stopping judging ourselves against our imperfections is important.
D. Be unapologetic about who you are and what you want as a person.
E. Learn to express your admiration, which promotes positive mental health.
F. Being insecure in your daily life is common and sometimes necessary.
G. We are surrounded by these idealized images of what it is to be beautiful.
【语篇导读】本篇说明文对身体积极性运动进行了倡导，并对如何做进行了介绍。
36.【答案】A
【解析】根据上文““Don’t judge a book by its cover,” the popular saying goes. It reminds us that something’s appearance shouldn’t be the most important thing when we are determining its value.(俗话说：“不要以貌取人。”它提醒我们，当我们决定一个东西的价值时，它的外观不应该是最重要的)”和后文“Its message is that we should value ourselves for who we are warts and all. So what can we do to promote body positivity (它传达的信息是，我们应该珍惜自己的一切。那么我们能做些什么来提高身体积极性呢？)”可知，上文中的内容是介绍身体积极性运动的含义，所以选项A“这就是身体积极性运动的意义所在”切合文意，故选A。
37.【答案】G
【解析】根据上文“Not comparing your body to others, particularly celebrities, is a good first step.(不要拿自己的身体和别人比较，尤其是名人，这是良好的第一步)”可知，此处是指我们身边充斥着理想的美好形象，比如名人，他们会让我们觉得自己也应该做到像他们一样完美，所以选项G“我们被这些理想化的美所包围”切合文意，故选G。
38.【答案】E
【解析】根据后文“When someone says something nice, embrace it — don’t push it away or play it down. And flatter others too. If you think someone looks nice, or someone has a good idea, tell them, which can lift them up.(当有人说好话时，接受它——不要把它推开或轻描淡写。也要奉承别人。如果你觉得某人很漂亮，或者某人的想法很好，告诉他们，这会让他们感到鼓舞)”可知，此处是指要学会赞扬别人，所以选项E“学会表达你的赞赏，这会促进积极的心理健康”切合文意，故选E。
39.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“Appreciate your body for what it can do — walking, yoga, playing sports or otherwise.(欣赏你的身体所能做的——散步、瑜伽、运动或其他)”和后文“You can be an incredible man regardless of your shape or size.(不管你的体型大小，你都可以成为一个了不起的人)”可知，此处是指经常锻炼能让身体很棒，所以选项B“经常锻炼能给你带来强壮而有能力的身体”切合文意，故选B。
40.【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“Becoming comfortable with yourself is unlikely to be accomplished overnight — but don’t give up and just move. Remember that everyone is insecure sometimes.(变得自洽不太可能在一夜之间完成，但不要放弃，只要行动就好。记住，每个人都有缺乏安全感的时候)”和后文“Love what you look like.(热爱你的样子)”可知，此处是指要接受自己，所以选项D“不要为你是谁和你想要什么而感到抱歉”切合文意，故选D。
7
(2024·云南昆明·统考一模)Being organized is an important part of being a student. ___36___ Recommended approaches include prioritizing your to-do lists, organizing your school supplies and tracking closing dates. You can be well on your way to becoming an organized student.
●Have a morning routine. A great way to stay organized is to have the same routine every morning. It is harder to forget things at home or come to school unprepared if you follow the same routine each day. In addition to showering and getting dressed, your morning routine should include a healthy breakfast and a quick check of your backpack. ___37___
●Begin projects at once. Try to begin working on homework and other projects as soon as you know what the assignment will be. ___38___ It will make it harder to organize other parts of your student life. Organizing time for homework every night will help you complete your schoolwork more effectively.
● ___39___ Separate materials based on subject by using different colors. For math, for example, you might want to have a blue book cover, blue folder and blue notebook. For history, you might choose pink. That way, you’ll look in your locker or backpack and easily be able to get what you need for each class.
●Be aware of the deadline of the project. ___40___ Consider buying a whiteboard or bulletin board to keep track of when you need to turn in your projects. This visual aid can help you remember deadlines. If you’re having problems finishing your work on time, a fun way to get the project done more easily and quickly is to work with friends. Make sure your teachers and parents allow it.
A. Color code your materials by subject.
B. Make sure everything you need is totally in it.
C. Turn to teachers and friends for help immediately.
D. It’s especially important for junior and senior students.
E. Being organized means remembering when your work is due.
F. Getting organized is专题1.6 阅读理解七选五之说明文-2024年新高考英语二轮复习重难点突破
高考英语阅读理解七选五所选体裁主要有记叙文和说明文两种，其所选阅读语篇总离不开“人与自我、人与社会和人与自然”等三大话题主题语境，涉及包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多个领域的内容。
本专题主要讨论阅读理解“七选五之说明文”重难点的突破。
年份 卷别 体裁 题材 段首设空 段中设空 段尾设空
2023 新高考I卷 说明文 自我宽恕和增强自信 0 4 1
新高考II卷 说明文 如何开始艺术之旅 1 3 1
2022 新高考I卷 说明文 如何寻找健身的伙伴 0 4 1
新高考II卷 说明文 写文章的技巧 1 4 0
2021 新高考I卷 记叙文 体验巴黎当地的生活 1 4 0
新高考II卷 说明文 提高阅读速度的建议 1 2 2
从三年新高考I卷和II卷阅读七选五命题所选的体裁来看，说明文占绝对多数，记叙文仅有一篇。从其设空的位置(段首空为4空、段中空为21空、段尾空为5空)来看，命题人特别注重的还是对段中空的设置。一般来说，段中空越多，难度就越大。因为解段中空，需要考生瞻前顾后。新高考I卷段中设空三年都保持在4空，这说明新高考I卷阅读七选五难度保持相对稳定。
一、段首设空的考点
1.段落标题句(其特点非常明显：位于文章的首位或是段与段之间，呈现形式为单独成行或成段)；
2.段落主旨句(设空在首段段首处时，有可能考查的是通篇主题句)；
3.段落过渡句(承上启下句或导入句)。
二、段中设空的考点
上下文关联句：段落语篇结构、行文逻辑关系等；
三、段尾设空的考点
1.首段段尾设空考查承上启下句，引出全文要谈的几个方面或段落及全文主题句；
2.段落段尾设空考查段落主题句/总结句(往往与段落开头呼应)，(承上启下)过渡句或细节支撑句(与空前或空后内容形成某种内在的逻辑关系)；
3.全篇段尾设空考查全文的总结句(往往与文章开头呼应)。
说明文体裁的七选五的难点与说明文体裁的阅读理解题的难点有类似的地方，但是有所区别，因为两种题型所考查的侧重点不同。说明文体裁的七选五更加侧重考查考生对文本整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。另外，说明文体裁七选五的篇幅明显小于说明文体裁的阅读理解题，阅读难度相对略低。
1.整体把握文本内容难：说明文的总体结构通常分为三个部分(说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结)，作者在其说明对象和说明过程中，往往叠加了许多信息构成比较长的句子，加上考生有关背景知识的缺乏(说明文往往涉及某个特定的领域<如，涉及科技领域的最新发展>，如果考生对于这个领域的相关知识不甚了解，就会导致在理解文本内容时产生困惑)，给考生快速理解文本，明确文章的主题、抓住关键信息带来较大的难度；
2.理清文本篇章结构难：说明文的段落组织结构比较复杂(参看专题1.3阅读理解之说明文中的有关内容)，给考生在短时间内理清文章的总体结构，理清各个段与段之间，段内上下文之间的内在联系、逻辑关系带来较大的难度；
3.甄别两个干扰选项难：七选五其中两个干扰项与其余五个备选项中的一个选项往往具有相似性，极具迷惑性(跟文本内容的一处乃至不止一处貌合神离)，给考生在短时间内甄别出两个干扰选项带来一定的难度。而且更为可怕的是，一旦甄别有误，会引发连锁反应，大概率误选就不止一题。
一、读文研题抓关键
阅读文本，研读备选项，抓住其中的关键部分。
1.理清文本结构：关注记叙文的情节发展和六大要素、关注说明文的文本结构和说明对象、说明过程和归
纳总结；
2.提炼主旨大意：全文所讲的主题是什么；
3.再读各段首句：段落首段多起到引入话题和引起下文的作用；段落首句多为段落的主题句。尽可能多的
记住文章的主要信息；
4.细析空格前后：标画出关联词，特别是各种表逻辑关系的连词，代词；细析空格前后的句式结构。
5.快读七个选项：快速阅读七个选项，并标画出关键词，特别是代词，连词，同时注意选项的句式结构。
二、精准匹配定答案
1.借助空位位置精准匹配定答案：根据空格所在位置判断考向，根据考向选择答案；
2.借助关键词汇精准匹配定答案：根据备选项中的关键词汇与文本进行比对定答案；
关键词汇主要来自于两个方面：一是词汇的复现，即寻找复现的词汇，这些词在文章中上下文的不同位置对同一概念进行重复描述，以保证前后衔接，主要包括：原词复现，同义词/近义词复现，反义词复现等；二是代词的指代，一般是指代前面提到的名词，并巧妙利用这种指代关系解题。
3.借助逻辑关系精准匹配定答案：此类题目一般在段中设题，主要考查上下句之间的逻辑关系，如并列或递进、转折或让步、因果、解释例证等，多以标志词来体现句子之间的联系。
表示并列关系常见的词有first(ly), second(ly), first, then/next, in the first place, in the second place, for one thing..., for another(thing), to begin with, to conclude等等；
表示递进关系常见的词有too, also, besides, even, further, furthermore, moreover, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not...but..., not only...but also等等。
表示转折或让步关系常见的词有but, however, yet, while/though, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, yet等。
表示因果关系常见的词有as a result, thus, so/therefore, so/such...that..., thus, consequently(结果)等。
现以“2022·新课标I卷”为例演示一下完整的解题过程，供考生平时练习时参考。
(2022·新课标I卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “ ___36___ ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙)competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core(核心)of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
1.36, 37, 38, 40都处在段落的中间，一般来说，在此位置的选项起到承上启下的作用，需要关注空格前一句和后一句的内容。39处于段落的末尾，一般末尾句起到总结全段内容或承接上文的作用。
2.本文为说明文，文本结构为总分总的结构。
3.本文介绍了有锻炼伙伴的益处和如何找到一个好的锻炼伙伴。
4.本文第一段引入话题，是有关有锻炼伙伴的益处；
第二段利用一个问句(那么，你如何找到锻炼伙伴呢？)引起下文；
第三段的首句是主题句，是有关决定你想从你的锻炼伙伴身上得到什么；
第四，五段是有关在哪里，用什么方式寻找锻炼伙伴；
最后一段是文章的总结，是有关你和你的锻炼伙伴都有着不同的技能，会起到互相帮助的作用。
5.36题前，One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while
another read: “___36___”，其中one…another(一个……另一个)，前后肯定有关联，而且后面都为直接引
语，句式结构可能相同或相似。同时标画出代词you，36题中主语也应该是you，而且是另一个原因。
37空后面标画出or，or为并列连词，说明前后为并列关系，在语义上构成选择关系；or后是一般疑问句，那么37空有很大可能也是一般疑问句。
6.备选项中的关键信息
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (其中such指代前文提到的内容，很关键)
2023年新高考I卷
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错)is human. ___36___ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ___37___ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ___38___
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ___39___ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché(陈词滥调)that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ___40___ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
2023年新高考II卷
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
●Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本)for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___36___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
●Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___37___
●Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___38___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
●___39___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___40___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
2023年全国甲卷
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. ___36___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___37___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足)may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___38___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___39___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___40___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
2023年全国乙卷
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ___36___, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species(物种)are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ___37___.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “___38___. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ___39___.
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “___40___,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
2024年浙江1月卷
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___36___ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ___37___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___38___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. ___39___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___40___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
1
(2024·广东肇庆·统考二模)If you are seeking a job, you need to pay attention to your social media and online comments. ___36___ The following reminders may help you use social media well and grow your career.
●Choose online platforms wisely.
___37___ Instead, decide on one specific platform where you know what to expect and where you can feel safe and supported, and then build your personal channel there. It’s often where people look first to find out more about you. Make it as a space to show the best reflection of you and a place to tell your story and how you want it to be told.
●___38___
Know that people are watching-and it is not just your followers. Your potential clients and employers are paying attention, too. They want to learn about you and see if you are a good fit. The key is defining your professional image. Understand how you want to present yourself to the world, show what you want to be known for, and impress them with your best image.
●Keep it clean and legal.
___39___ This is not to limit free speech but to set rules for a respectful, professional environment. Besides, knowing and understanding the basics of copyright law can help. For example, photos are protected by copyright from the moment they are taken, whether they are registered or not. It is OK to share online videos and photos with your friends, without asking for the owner’s permission and without paying fines. ___40___
If you use social media to your advantage, jobs will flow your way, not away. It’s all in your hands.
A. Befriend your future colleagues.
B. Define your own personal image.
C. You don’t have to register every online platform.
D. Consider setting ground rules for your online channel.
E. Anything that has ever been shared on the Internet is rediscoverable.
F. However, using them in your social media is against the copyright law.
G. They are open for any and all to see-including your future employers.
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(2024·湖南永州·统考二模)Benefits of Personality Tests
Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may. ___36___
Better understand others
After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation. ___37___. No personality type is “better” than any other — just different. Each perspective brings something new and interesting to the table.
Identify our likes and dislikes
Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why. ___38___. By using personality tests like the MBTI, we can learn more about where we lie on the extroversion/introversion and thinking/feeling continuum(连续性). This helps us better understand why we prefer certain things and dislike others.
___39___.
Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.
Recognize our strengths and weaknesses
Knowing what we are good at can be important in a wide variety of situations, whether we are picking a college major or thinking about running for a seat on our local school board. For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ(introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging)on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others. ___40___, it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.
A. Hold on to ideas about who we are
B. Know which situations are ideal for us
C. Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests
D. While they reveal truth that showcases different aspects of personality
E. While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work
F. This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world
G. Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision
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(2024·四川攀枝花·统考二模)How hardships make you stronger
Past hardships can help you carry on in the face of current stress. People who experienced a medium level of hardship reported better mental health and higher life satisfaction over time compared to both those who reported a high history of hardship and those with no history of hardship. ___36___
They can bring growth after sufferings. We may find it difficult to believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead to some type of growth. ___37___. Post-traumatic(创伤后的)growth is the experience of positive change after going through a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discovered two common themes that people tend to report after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual growth and improved personal strength.
They build self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the belief or the confidence in your ability to overcome difficulties and succeed. ___38___. First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop. The best way to improve that skill is to learn by doing. If you want to improve your public speaking skills and ability, then you need to practice speaking in public. ___39___ Back to the public speaking example, you could watch video clips of great speakers on YouTube and take notes on how they tell stories or use humor. Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source. Meanwhile, you could turn to the people for help who can give you feedback as you work toward your goals.
They help you transform stress into a challenge. How you think about stress matters enormously in terms of how you process it. ___40___, while others are able to see it as a challenge. With a challenge response, you get additional energy. In fact, people who are able to think about stress more like a challenge and less like a threat report less depression and anxiety, higher levels of energy, work performance and life satisfaction.
A. Some people view stress as a threat
B. It’s developed in three specific ways
C. The next best way to improve is to learn by observing others
D. The fact is that we can get the ability to become stronger after a difficult situation
E. That is because past struggles can help you become stronger in the following ways
F. Your world feels out of control right now and your stress levels are at an all-time high you face
G. The past struggles against hardships, even small ones, can help you step out of the trouble
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(2024·四川绵阳·统考二模)How To Be More Attractive
Having a beautiful face is hot but having a kind soul is hotter. Having visible success is hot but having invisible achievement is hotter. ___36___. After some research, I find some things that instantly attract me.
Living with passion and purpose
People with purpose move differently. You can see confidence in their eyes, discipline in their action, and determination in their voice. When you come across such people, you’re instantly drawn to them. ___37___. It leaves you with a whisper, “You’ve got this too”.
Empathy & compassion(同理心)
The most attractive people are kind and ask for nothing back. It tells you a lot about a person when they help a stranger with directions, a homeless person with a meal, a friend with an immediate move and a family member with a listening ear. ___38___.
___39___
People who are kind but say yes to everything are not kind. They are just people-pleasers who are constantly seeking agreement and have a hidden motive most of the time. They are never afraid to say no to unhealthy relationships and self-doubt.
A sense of humor
You know that kind of person, right The one who doesn’t take themselves too seriously. ___40___. When talking with them, you’ll find your guard naturally comes down, and that you’re transported back to that childlike state. It’s like that they accept you with all your flaws(瑕疵). This sense of comfort and acceptance is attractive.
A. Having bottom lines
B. Thinking before acting
C. These little things make a big difference
D. Charm is all about the treasure that lies within
E. Friendship is built on trust and help from one another
F. The one that can make you laugh until your stomach hurts
G. Their energy is so powerful that it lights up your own ambitions
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(2024·吉林·统考二模)Being resilient isn’t about avoiding misfortune, but rather how we respond to it. According to the commonly held view, resilience means doing well in the face of risk or hardship.
___36___ We all get exhausted from time to time, and the pandemic has made it even harder for most people to bounce back from challenges. Even if you consider yourself resilient, you may need an extra boost in especially difficult times. To build resilience, experts suggest the following:
Form relationships. During challenging times, establish and maintain a support net-work before you need it, as emphasized by Michael Ungar, PhD, author of Change Your World. When hardship strikes, a supportive friend with good listening skills can make a big difference. ___37___
Find a sense of purpose. When somebody needs you, you can deal with stress much better, Ungar says. Your sense of purpose doesn’t necessarily have to come from school or work. ___38___ So why not grow a backyard vegetable garden or clean up litter in a neighborhood park
Don’t try to remove misfortune completely. Resilience usually refers to how we handle serious hardship. ___39___ “Everyday stress probably helps us learn how to handle bigger challenges and gradually improve our adaptive systems,” says Suniya Luthar, co-author of Authentic Connections.
Keep in mind that building resilience is an ongoing process requiring effort and practice. ___40___ While we may not be able to control the misfortune that comes our way, we can control how we respond to them.
A. So, building a network that cares matters.
B. This is crucial, especially when facing tough times.
C. It can also arise from hobbies or volunteer projects.
D. Taking care of yourself is vital for building resilience.
E. Be flexible in your thinking and open to adjusting your plans.
F. Recently, we’ve found ourselves relying on our resilience more than ever.
G. However, our reactions to significant problems may be influenced partly by minor failures.
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(2024·重庆·统考一模)Promoting Body Positivity Movement
“Don’t judge a book by its cover,” the popular saying goes. It reminds us that something’s appearance shouldn’t be the most important thing when we are determining its value. ___36___ Its message is that we should value ourselves for who we are warts and all. So what can we do to promote body positivity
Not comparing your body to others, particularly celebrities, is a good first step. ___37___ Comparing only creates a standard we think we need to reach and leads to feelings of disappointment if we aren’t up to scratch.
___38___ When someone says something nice, embrace it — don’t push it away or play it down. And flatter others too. If you think someone looks nice, or someone has a good idea, tell them, which can lift them up.
Appreciate your body for what it can do—walking, yoga, playing sports or otherwise. ___39___ You can be an incredible man regardless of your shape or size.
And finally, don’t forget that low self-esteem and body confidence issues affect everyone. There aren’t a lot of guys that are pushing the idea of body positivity. The only person who can truly affect your body positivity is you. Becoming comfortable with yourself is unlikely to be accomplished overnight — but don’t give up and just move. Remember that everyone is insecure sometimes. ___40___ Love what you look like.
A. This is what the body positivity movement is all about.
B. Regular workout brings you a strong and capable body.
C. Stopping judging ourselves against our imperfections is important.
D. Be unapologetic about who you are and what you want as a person.
E. Learn to express your admiration, which promotes positive mental health.
F. Being insecure in your daily life is common and sometimes necessary.
G. We are surrounded by these idealized images of what it is to be beautiful.
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(2024·云南昆明·统考一模)Being organized is an important part of being a student. ___36___ Recommended approaches include prioritizing your to-do lists, organizing your school supplies and tracking closing dates. You can be well on your way to becoming an organized student.
●Have a morning routine. A great way to stay organized is to have the same routine every morning. It is harder to forget things at home or come to school unprepared if you follow the same routine each day. In addition to showering and getting dressed, your morning routine should include a healthy breakfast and a quick check of your backpack. ___37___
●Begin projects at once. Try to begin working on homework and other projects as soon as you know what the assignment will be. ___38___ It will make it harder to organize other parts of your student life. Organizing time for homework every night will help you complete your schoolwork more effectively.
● ___39___ Separate materials based on subject by using different colors. For math, for example, you might want to have a blue book cover, blue folder and blue notebook. For history, you might choose pink. That way, you’ll look in your locker or backpack and easily be able to get what you need for each class.
●Be aware of the deadline of the project. ___40___ Consider buying a whiteboard or bulletin board to keep track of when you need to turn in your projects. This visual aid can help you remember deadlines. If you’re having problems finishing your work on time, a fun way to get the project done more easily and quickly is to work with friends. Make sure your teachers and parents allow it.
A. Color code your materials by subject.
B. Make sure everything you need is totally in it.
C. Turn to teachers and friends for help immediately.
D. It’s especially important for junior and senior students.
E. Being organized means remembering when your work is due.
F. Getting organized is necessary for improving your family relationship.
G. Waiting until the last minute to finish it will make you feel less organized.
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(2024·广东佛山·统考一模)How to Stay Motivated When the Going Gets Tough
There will undoubtedly be times when the going gets tough in your life and you find yourself struggling with motivation. When this happens, you’d better have a few tricks up your sleeve to help you stay motivated and move forward.
There are a variety of reasons for feeling unmotivated. ___36___ It’s of great significance to take some time to understand why. The best way is to look back at where you began to lose motivation. Once you know the cause of your problem, finding a solution will become easier.
Going back to your goals can also help. A simple reminder of your objectives can get you back on track. ___37___ Seeing your goals in this form makes them feel more real and achievable.
___38___ A specific plan can keep you focused and allow you to track your progress, while sticking to it helps you develop discipline. These are of great importance when it comes to making progress toward your goals.
Another trick is to take a moment and acknowledge how far you’ve come. There are different ways to acknowledge your efforts, like treating yourself to a meal or taking a break for reflection. You may find that even the smallest events can be the biggest moments. ___39___
The most important thing might be to surround yourself with like-minded individuals who can offer support and encouragement. ___40___ If you’re feeling lost, just reach out to your support system for guidance and insight.
A. They can help you handle all those problems.
B. It’s important that you appreciate your efforts.
C. Writing them down will always be a great choice.
D. Moreover, it’s better to set a goal when creating your plan.
E. Being around understanding people can make the journey less discouraging.
F. Besides, you should make and follow through with a plan to stay motivated.
G. It could be due to a lack of interest in the task at hand, or it could be the result of stress.
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(2024·湖北黄冈·统考一模)Good gift giving is an art. The perfect present can lift a mood or improve a relationship. ___36___ So are there any rules to follow Read on for 4 essential tips.
●Don’t add a small gift to a big gift.
Want to add a tie to an expensive shirt Some flowers to go with a bottle of grand wine Don’t. When we receive several gifts together, we tend to average out their value. ___37___
●Gift experiences rather than things.
A new iPhone becomes old fast. ___38___ Often more thought has gone into experiences, and they create more vivid memories. That is why you should consider an experience over a physical object while gifting.
●Gift cards are not bad.
Gift giving can be wasteful. We only spend $10 on ourselves if we find something that we expect is worth more than 10 to us. But gift is different, because we’re not buying for ourselves. So we can spend 10 on something that’s worth less than 10 to the receiver. ___39___ Gift cards have become much more popular over time. And they’re also very popular with receivers—a better option than a rushed or poorly chosen gift that goes straight to the garbage can.
___40___
Let’s put it very simply: buy things that your receiver would buy for themselves. That might seem obvious, but it happens far less than we’d like. People tend to use gifts to signal something about themselves rather than providing utility(实用)or happiness to the receiver. The best way to get it right is to simply ask the question—“What would you like ”
A. Think like the receiver.
B. It could even be worth nothing to them.
C. Use gifts to signal something about yourself.
D. But having the same experience strengthens bonds.
E. Therefore, a small gift added to a big one will hurt the big one’s impact.
F. Whatever the occasion, gift giving requires careful thought and consideration.
G. But a dream vacation or seeing your favorite artist will give you memories that last forever.
(2024·陕西渭南·统考一模)“OK class. Count off by fives.” ___36___ Sometimes, breaking into small groups lasts as long as the class does. Other times, it signals the start of “group project” which means you’ll be working with a few classmates for a day, several days, or longer on an assignment.
___37___ Most things are done with the help or ideas of other people. Group projects are great practice for high school, college, and real life, when you have a job that requires working with others. Right now, group projects can be fun and they often allow you to do a bigger, more interesting project than you could do alone. ___38___
Group projects also give you a chance to get to know kids you might not know or talk with — maybe the quiet kid in the third row, or the boy who lived down the street when you were in kindergarten. ___39___ For example, working on a deadline staying organized, or being patient. And if you’re a little nervous talking in front of a group, a joint project can help you become more comfortable with it.
___40___ If so, you’ll know your whole group is rooting for(给……加油)you!
A. Few of us act alone in the real world.
B. Why is this type of project so popular in school
C. With group work, you can actually learn more in less time.
D. Maybe your group will pick you to tell the whole class about your project.
E. Group projects are also a great way to practice skills you’re not so sure of.
F. When your teacher gives you that instruction, you know what’s coming next.
G. One key to a good meeting is having a leader who should help the group stay focused.
