冲刺2024年高考英语模拟卷02（全国卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are they talking about
A．The pollution in the air.
B．Smoke coming from the school.
C．Measures taken by the school.
【答案】A
【原文】M: I notice quite a lot of smoke is coming out of the chimneys of the factory near our school.
W: Yes, it is. But I hear the factory has promised to take measures.
2．Where are Lisa’s parents
A．At the airport. B．In California. C．In hospital.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Jenny, it’s time for me to drive you to the airport or you’ll miss your plane.
W: Coming, Dad. Do I need this heavy coat It’s supposed to be warm in California all year.
M: Take your overcoat. That’ll be enough. And don’t forget our gifts to Lisa’s parents.
3．How soon will the man return the book
A．In three days. B．In one week. C．In two weeks.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Oh, thanks! When do you want the book back
W: I’m going away in 3 days, but you’ll need it longer than that. Do you want to give it to my sister next week or wait until I get back in two weeks
M: I’ll wait for you to return. Have a nice trip!
4．Which book has the woman borrowed
A．The history book. B．The math book. C．The chemistry book.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Have you borrowed your books yet
W: I got my chemistry book, and I didn’t find the history books. I don’t have a book for my math course.
5．What’s the relationship between them
A．Neighbors. B．Workmates. C．Classmates.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Gary, hello. How are you You look taller and stronger than before. I remember little Gary, the best student in the class.
M: No, you were a better student than I was, but I remember a little girl with glasses. You’re different, too.
W: Let’s sit down and talk.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What does the man do
A．A doctor. B．A student. C．An athlete.
7．What do we know about the man
A．He had a serious car accident.
B．He got an operation on his leg.
C．He broke his leg at the age of 17.
【答案】6．B 7．C
【原文】W: Sit down. Now, I need to get some basic details of you first. Right, we’ll start with your name and age.
M: Martin Hansen, and 19 years old.
W: So, you are a freshman
M: Yeah. And I am studying medicine actually.
W: Ah! Good choice. Then let’s get some of your medical backgrounds. Have you ever had any serious illness or accident
M: I got a broken leg playing football when I was 17. And I used to be a goalkeeper in the school team.
W: And have you had any operations
M: Never.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．How does the woman feel about herself
A．The woman really thinks herself to be very strong.
B．The woman coughs a lot and she feels terrible.
C．The woman feels good, although she looks pale.
9．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．He advised the woman to go to hospital.
B．He advised the woman to have a check-up immediately.
C．He advised the woman to see his doctor and make an appointment with him.
【答案】8．A 9．C
【原文】M: I’ve noticed that you haven’t been looking so well lately.
W: Oh, really
M: Yes, I’d like to introduce you to a good doctor.
W: What do you mean Haven’t I been looking well
M: Well, you look a little pale and you have been coughing a lot. Have you had a check-up recently
W: No, I haven’t.
M: Well, let me make an appointment with my doctor. He is very good.
W: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．How does the woman feel about the interview with MIT
A．Disappointed. B．Nervous. C．Satisfied.
11．What course is Michigan famous for
A．Law. B．History. C．Medicine.
12．What does the man’s father want him to be
A．An English teacher. B．A historian. C．A doctor.
【答案】10．C 11．C 12．C
【原文】W: I had a great interview with Admission at MIT.
M: Really What did they say Will you get into the school
W: Well, they didn’t say anything for sure. But I figure that with my grades and with my personality, I’ll have no problem. What about you How was your interview with Michigan
M: The interview was all right.
W: It’s a great college.
M: Yes, it is. My father would like me to go there. He and my grandpa both went there.
W: Good medical school, too.
M: Indeed. But I’d like to get my own way.
W: What do you want to study
M: I’ve been thinking. I want to study journalism to be a reporter — a newspaperman.
W: You do a pretty good job on the high school paper.
M: And I’ve been thinking about it a lot lately.
W: Have you discussed it with your parents
M: No, but I have to.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．When did Amber begin attending college
A．At age 18. B．At age 19. C．At age 20.
14．What did Amber think of working for Highlights
A．It was boring. B．It was demanding. C．It was interesting.
15．How did Amber know about Youth Beauty Competition
A．From the TV. B．From a poster. C．From her boss.
16．What did Amber do with most of her prize money
A．She put it in the bank.
B．She spent it on a vehicle.
C．She donated it to a school.
【答案】13．C 14．C 15．B 16．A
【原文】M: Amber, can you tell us a bit about yourself
W: Sure, I left school at eighteen and was unemployed for six months when I was nineteen. Then I went to college the next year. I’ve always been interested in beauty and fashion, so it was a natural choice for me.
M: What did you do after graduation
W: I got a job as an assistant designer at highlights. It was a fun place, the customers were friendly and the owner was really nice.
M:You won this year’s Youth Beauty Competition, didn’t you
W: Yes, but it was quite unexpected. I was shopping in the supermarket when I saw the competition poster. I signed up for it without hesitation. I even asked my workmates to help me.
M: How did you feel when you won
W: Shocked, really shocked. I was awarded a large amount of money as the prize, part of which I used to buy a new car for my parents. But I didn’t go mad. More than three quarters of the money is still in my bank account.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What could the speaker probably be
A．A teacher. B．A student. C．A guide.
18．How was the first winter of the first Englishmen
A．Easy. B．Boring. C．Tough.
19．When was the first Thanksgiving
A．In 1620. B．In 1621. C．In 1622.
20．What can we learn from the talk
A．Natives were invited on the first Thanksgiving.
B．Thanksgiving is celebrated quite differently now.
C．Thanksgiving was originally celebrated in December.
【答案】17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A
【原文】W: Hello, everyone. Nice to see you again. In yesterday’s class, we learned about some public holidays in Britain. Today, let’s talk about some public holidays in the United States. Well, back home in the States on the fourth Thursday of November we have a public holiday called Thanksgiving when people don’t go to work and traditionally spend the day with their family eating a large meal including turkey and some pies. You may wonder how that idea got started. Well, the actual idea is similar to some festivals in other countries but it’s related to the beginnings of North America, when the first Englishmen successfully arrived in 1620 in what is now the state of Massachusetts. Their first winter was difficult and half of them died from disease and hunger. That doesn’t sound like anything to celebrate, right But in the following spring of their arrival, the Native Americans taught them how to grow corn and pumpkin, as well as how to hunt and fish. In the autumn of this year, after a successful food supply, the Englishmen planned a great dinner and invited the local chief and 90 natives, who brought popcorn with them, which of course was totally unknown in Europe. This is the first Thanksgiving in American history. And many ways of celebrating the first Thanksgiving have been handed down to future generations.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hong Kong is one of the most expensive cities in the world, with its lavish food and giant shopping malls. But that doesn’t mean that you can’t enjoy the city without stretching your wallet. With good planning, you can enjoy many things in Hong Kong for free.
1. Go gallery hopping and marvel at beautiful artworks
Hong Kong is home to plenty of independent art galleries that exhibit works from various artists around the world. While galleries are spread across the city, we argue that the best place to go gallery hopping is around Central and Sheung Wan.
2. Get up-close with nature at one of the scenic hiking trails
It’s easy to visualize images of Hong Kong’s breathtaking skyline when thinking of the city. But Hong Kong is also filled with thick greenery, mountains, and amazing natural landscapes. So, go hiking at any of the scenic trails the city has. For hiking beginners, the Peak trail is among the easiest and in the end, you’ll be treated to epic views of Victoria Harbour. Also perfect for newbies but a little more into nature is Dragon’s Back.
3. Step back in time at the traditional villages
Due to urbanization, Hong Kong’s traditional villages have been in massive decline throughout the years. With those still standing today, it serves as a time machine to showcase Hong Kong’s past. Among the best-preserved villages is Tsang Tai Uk. The original brick, timber, and granite materials are still well-maintained within the walls.
21．Who may find the Peak trail most fascinating
A．Science fans. B．Outdoor enthusiasts.
C．Water sports lovers. D．Gallery goers.
22．Which tourist destination offers a glimpse of Hong Kong’s history
A．Central and Sheung Wan B．The Peak trail
C．Tsang Tai Uk D．Dragon’s Back
23．Who are the most likely target readers for this article
A．Travelers lacking experience B．Travelers into lavish city life
C．Travelers seeking local cuisine D．Travelers on a tight budget
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个香港免费的游览方式。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段“For hiking beginners, the Peak trail is among the easiest and in the end, you’ll be treated to epic views of Victoria Harbour.(对于徒步初学者来说，山顶步道是最容易的路线之一，最后，你将被维多利亚港的壮丽景色所吸引)”可知，户外运动爱好者会觉得山顶步道最迷人。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“With those still standing today, it serves as a time machine to showcase Hong Kong’s past. Among the best-preserved villages is Tsang Tai Uk.(这些至今仍屹立不倒的建筑，就像一台时光机，展示着香港的过去。曾大屋是保存最完好的村落之一)”可知，曾大屋能让你一窥香港的历史。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“But that doesn’t mean that you can’t enjoy the city without stretching your wallet. With good planning, you can enjoy many things in Hong Kong for free.(但这并不意味着你不花钱就不能享受这座城市。如果计划得当，你可以在香港免费享受很多东西)”可知，这篇文章最有可能的目标读者是预算紧张的旅行者。故选D。
B
Several weeks ago, I pulled an old road map out of the glove box and passed it to my children. They had never seen the province of Ontario laid out like that before. They stared at the map, asking about all the towns, parks, and other landmarks we’d visited, and I pointed them out on the map.
Digital maps and GPS are modern wonders that have gotten me out of many confusing places, but paper maps still have a role to play in our lives. Most of us adults learned to read them out of necessity, but it’s up to us to pass on that skill to children whose need may not be so obvious, but who still will benefit from it.
As Trevor Muir wrote in an article on this topic, “When kids learn how to create and use paper maps, they are doing more than just learning how to get around. They are actually developing a fundamental skill that they will use for the rest of their lives. Map skill still belong in today’s classroom.”
As a child, I had National Geographic Maps taped to my bedroom walls. This aroused my curiosity and imagination about those places and thus made me eager to remember my geography and history lessons because they were tied to places I’d “seen”. Even now as a mother of four, I’ve also spared time to travel to many of the countries whose maps I studied as a child.
Additionally, in this fast-changing world, unexpected events can rapidly influence one’s usual way of life. When GPS satellites or Internet connections are affected, this old-fashioned skill can get you out of a mess without requiring a smartphone. Last but not least, paper maps arouse big picture thinking, showing kids that there’s a much bigger world out there and helping to direct them within it.
So, now is a good time to pull out those dusty old maps and lay them on the kitchen table.
24．How did the children react when they were given the paper map
A．They showed great curiosity.
B．They seemed totally confused.
C．They found it less convenient than GPS.
D．They refused to read it without hesitation.
25．What is Trevor Muir’s attitude towards teaching paper map skill for kids
A．Neutral. B．Negative. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.
26．Which of the following will the author agree with
A．Paper maps are already out of date.
B．Internet connections are always reliable.
C．Paper maps provide kids with a grand vision.
D．GPS will sooner or later replace paper maps.
27．Which would be the best title for the text
A．Time to Encourage Kids to Explore a Real World
B．How to Teach Kids to Survive in the Wild
C．How to Teach Kids to Recognize Strange Places
D．Time to Teach Kids to Read Paper Maps
【答案】24．A 25．C 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者认为纸质地图对我们有很多益处，父母应该教给孩子看纸质地图的技能。
24．细节理解题，根据第一段“They stared at the map, asking about all the towns, parks, and other landmarks we’d visited, and I pointed them out on the map.(他们盯着地图，询问我们去过的所有城镇、公园和其他地标，我就在地图上指出来。)” 可知，孩子们对这张纸质地图非常地好奇。故选A。
25．推理判断题，根据第三段“When kids learn how to create and use paper maps, they are doing more than just learning how to get around. They are actually developing a fundamental skill that they will use for the rest of their lives. Map skill still belong in today’s classroom.(当孩子们学习如何创建和使用纸质地图时，他们所做的不仅仅是学习如何四处走动。他们实际上是在培养一种基本技能，这种技能将在他们的余生中使用。地图技能仍然属于今天的课堂。)”可知，Trevor Muir支持教给孩子们看纸质地图的技能。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段“Last but not least, paper maps arouse big picture thinking, showing kids that there’s a much bigger world out there and helping to direct them within it.(最后但并非最不重要的是，纸质地图能唤起大局观思维，向孩子们展示外面有一个更大的世界，并帮助他们在这个世界里指引方向。)” 可知，作者认为纸质地图能帮助孩子形成全局思维。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。综合全文内容可知，文章讲述了作者认为纸质地图对我们有很多益处，父母应该教给孩子看纸质地图的技能，所以孩子学会看纸质地图是有诸多益处的。D选项“Time to Teach Kids to Read Paper Maps(是时候教孩子看纸质地图了)”能够概括文章大意。故选D。
C
Household chores (家务活) may contribute to healthy aging, according to a study published in the journal BMJ Open. Researchers from Singapore found that regular physical activity, including tasks like dusting, scrubbing floors, and washing windows, can improve physical and mental health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and decrease falls, immobility, dependency, and mortality among older adults.
The study involved 249 participants aged 21 to 64 and 240 participants aged 65 to 90. Participants completed cognitive (认知) function tests and physical capability assessments. They were asked about their levels of physical activity, including light housework (such as dusting) and heavy housework (such as floor-scrubbing). The researchers found that older adults who engaged in high amounts of heavy housework had higher cognitive and attention scores compared to those who did low levels or no heavy housework at all. These participants also had lower sit-to-stand times and were at a lower risk of falling. Similarly, older adults who reported high levels of light housework had higher cognitive and memory scores compared to those who did low levels of such tasks.
Dr. Shiou-Liang Wee, co-author of the research, emphasized that health messaging on staying active should not only focus on recreational physical activities. He highlighted that housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults and is linked to sharper memory and better fall protection.
However, experts urge caution when interpreting the study’s findings. Professor Gill Livingston from University College London noted that people who are not well may be expected to do less housework, and the study did not establish a causal relationship between housework and health outcomes. Professor Charlie Foster from the University of Bristol highlighted that the study relied on self-reported levels of household chores, which may be inaccurate, and did not fully consider other factors that could influence the results. While the study suggests that household chore may have benefits for older adults’ health, further research is needed to better understand the relationship between housework and healthy aging.
28．How did the researchers measure the participants’ levels of physical activity
A．By analyzing the participants’ daily routines.
B．By doing household chores with the participants.
C．By carrying out a test on the participants.
D．By listening to the participants’ spoken reports.
29．What can we know about the study
A．Household chores, heavy or light, do help.
B．The more housework for the elderly, the better.
C．The subjects are of similar age.
D．Light housework improves health better.
30．What do Gill Livingston and Charlie Foster think of the result of the study
A．Objective. B．Meaningless. C．Partial. D．Successful.
31．What is the text mainly about
A．Definite limitation of a study on healthy aging.
B．The introduction to a study on household chores.
C．Housework arguments among different experts.
D．Possible function of household chores for healthy aging.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．C 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，家务活可能有助于健康衰老，常做家务身心健康，常做家务的人到了老年以后认知功能和记忆力更强，同时也能降低老年人的依赖感和摔倒的风险等。
28．细节理解题。由第二段中“Participants completed cognitive (认知) function tests and physical capability assessments. They were asked about their levels of physical activity, including light housework (such as dusting) and heavy housework (such as floor-scrubbing). (参与者完成了认知功能测试和体能评估。他们被问及自己的体力活动水平，包括轻家务（如除尘）和重家务（如擦地板）。)”和“Similarly, older adults who reported high levels of light housework had higher cognitive and memory scores compared to those who did low levels of such tasks. (同样，与那些做低水平家务的人相比，报告做高水平轻家务的老年人的认知和记忆得分更高。)”可知，研究人员通过听参与者的口头报告来测量参与者的体育活动水平。故选D项。
29．推理判断题。由第二段中“The researchers found that older adults who engaged in high amounts of heavy housework had higher cognitive and attention scores compared to those who did low levels or no heavy housework at all. These participants also had lower sit-to-stand times and were at a lower risk of falling. Similarly, older adults who reported high levels of light housework had higher cognitive and memory scores compared to those who did low levels of such tasks. (研究人员发现，与那些做少量或根本不做繁重家务的人相比，从事大量繁重家务的老年人的认知和注意力得分更高。这些参与者从坐到站的时间也较短，摔倒的风险也较低。同样，与那些做低水平家务的人相比，报告做高水平轻家务的老年人的认知和记忆得分更高。)”可知，不管是做繁重家务还是轻度家务，老年人的认知和注意力比不做或少做（繁重或轻度）家务的老人得分更高，可得出不管是繁重家务还是轻度家务，都对老年人有益。故选A项。
30．推理判断题。由最后一段中“Professor Gill Livingston from University College London noted that people who are not well may be expected to do less housework, and the study did not establish a causal relationship between housework and health outcomes. Professor Charlie Foster from the University of Bristol highlighted that the study relied on self-reported levels of household chores, which may be inaccurate, and did not fully consider other factors that could influence the results. (伦敦大学学院的Gill Livingston教授指出，身体不好的人可能会减少做家务，这项研究没有建立家务与健康结果之间的因果关系。布里斯托尔大学的Charlie Foster教授强调，这项研究依赖于自我报告的家务水平，这可能是不准确的，并且没有充分考虑可能影响结果的其他因素。)”可知，Gill Livingston教授认为这项研究的结果没有建立家务与健康结果之间的因果关系，Charlie Foster教授认为这项研究的结果不准确，它没有充分考虑可能影响结果的其他因素，可得出两位教授认为这项研究的结果是“部分的、不完全的（Partial）”。故选C项。
31．主旨大意题。由第一段“Household chores (家务活) may contribute to healthy aging, according to a study published in the journal BMJ Open. Researchers from Singapore found that regular physical activity, including tasks like dusting, scrubbing floors, and washing windows, can improve physical and mental health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and decrease falls, immobility, dependency, and mortality among older adults. (根据发表在《英国医学杂志公开版》上的一项研究，家务活可能有助于健康衰老。新加坡的研究人员发现，定期的体育活动，包括除尘、擦地板和洗窗户等任务，可以改善身心健康，降低患慢性病的风险，并减少老年人的跌倒、不动、依赖和死亡率。)”和全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，家务活可能有助于健康衰老，常做家务有助于身心健康，常做家务的人到了老年以后认知功能和记忆力更强，同时也能降低老年人的依赖感和摔倒的风险等，可得出D项“家务活对健康衰老的可能作用。”符合文意。故选D项。
D
Researchers in Australia have identified enzymes (酶) in the body of certain beetle larvae (甲虫幼虫) that can degrade or break down plastic. In a study published in Microbial Genomics, they write that these “superworms” could help reduce plastic waste in the future.
“Superworms are like mini recycling plants, cutting up the polysyrene (聚苯乙烯) with their mouths and then feeding it to the bacteria in their stomach,” said Chris Rinke from the University of Queensland in Australia. “The breakdown products from this reaction can then be used by other microbes to create high-value chemicals.”
In the study, scientists divided beetle larvae into three groups, feeding one group wheat bran, one polystyrene and one nothing. Over three weeks, they monitored their growth. “We found that superworms fed a diet of just polystyrene not only survived, but even had marginal weight gains,” said Rinke. “This suggests the worms can get energy from the polystyrene, most likely with the help of their stomach bacteria.”
On the other hand, the plastic-fed worms gained much less weight and were overall much less healthy than the bran-fed ones, though better off than the starvation group. After three weeks, some larvae were also set aside to grow into beetles, according to the study. About 93% of the bran-fed larvae formed adult worms, while about 67% of the plastic-fed larvae and 10% of the starved larvae formed adult worms.
The researchers investigated the superworm’s stomach bacteria to find the specific enzymes linked to plastic degradation, writes Fionna M. D．Samuels for Scientific American. The enzyme that degrades the polystyrene appears to live with the stomach bacteria, not the worm itself.
Polystyrene is one of the most common plastics used today. But it’s not very chemically reactive, and breaking it down with industrial recycling methods takes high heat. So, researchers have been looking for plastic-degrading enzymes and bacteria for years.
Further research will still need to be done to figure out how to employ these worms, bacteria and enzymes in recycling facilities.
32．What does Chris Rinke compare superworms to
A．Small plants. B．Beetle larvae. C．Stomach bacteria. D．High-value chemicals.
33．What does the underlined word “marginal” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Few. B．Tiny. C．Obvious. D．Normal.
34．What is the sixth paragraph intended to show
A．The damage of plastic to life.
B．Possible causes of plastic pollution.
C．Researchers’ efforts over the years to recycle plastic.
D．The necessity of finding out a way to degrade plastic.
35．What is the purpose of the text
A．To report a new way to recycle plastic. B．To call on people to reduce plastic waste.
C．To explain how larvae can degrade plastic. D．To introduce the findings of a new research.
【答案】32．A 33．B 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚研究人员发现的一种能够降解塑料的甲虫幼虫体内的酶，并详细描述了这些“超级蠕虫”如何帮助减少塑料废物。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段““Superworms are like mini recycling plants, cutting up the polysyrene (聚苯乙烯) with their mouths and then feeding it to the bacteria in their stomach,” said Chris Rinke from the University of Queensland in Australia.(澳大利亚昆士兰大学的克里斯·林克说：“超级蠕虫就像小型回收工厂，用嘴把聚苯乙烯切碎，然后把它喂给胃里的细菌。”)”可知，克里斯·林克把超级蠕虫比作小型回收工厂。故选A项。
33．词句猜测题。根据后文“This suggests the worms can get energy from the polystyrene, most likely with the help of their stomach bacteria.(这表明蠕虫可以从聚苯乙烯中获取能量，很可能是在它们胃部细菌的帮助下)”以及第四段“On the other hand, the plastic-fed worms gained much less weight and were overall much less healthy than the bran-fed ones, though better off than the starvation group.(另一方面，塑料喂养的蠕虫体重增加得更少，总体上也比麸皮喂养的蠕虫健康得多，尽管比饥饿组要好)”可知，塑料喂养的蠕虫体重增加得更少，所以前文应是吃聚苯乙烯的超级蠕虫也是体重增加，但是不大，所以才说更少，推知marginal意为“极小的”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。根据第六段“Polystyrene is one of the most common plastics used today. But it’s not very chemically reactive, and breaking it down with industrial recycling methods takes high heat. So, researchers have been looking for plastic-degrading enzymes and bacteria for years.(聚苯乙烯是当今最常用的塑料之一。但它的化学反应性不强，用工业回收方法分解它需要很高的热量。因此，研究人员多年来一直在寻找塑料降解酶和细菌)”可知，本文主要讲述了聚苯乙烯的工业回收方法成本很高，所以研究人员多年来一直在寻找塑料降解酶和细菌，所以本段主要讲述找到一种方法来降解塑料的必要性。故选D项。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段“Researchers in Australia have identified enzymes (酶) in the body of certain beetle larvae (甲虫幼虫) that can degrade or break down plastic. In a study published in Microbial Genomics, they write that these “superworms” could help reduce plastic waste in the future.(澳大利亚的研究人员已经在某些甲虫幼虫体内发现了可以降解或分解塑料的酶。在发表在《微生物基因组学》上的一项研究中，他们写道，这些“超级蠕虫”未来可以帮助减少塑料垃圾)”以及纵观前文可知，本文主要澳大利亚研究人员发现的一种能够降解塑料的甲虫幼虫体内的酶，所以本文的目的是介绍一项新研究的发现。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yoga has a well-deserved reputation for helping improve balance and flexibility and for inducing calm and relaxation. 36 While you might not burn as many calories by practicing yoga as you would by running or doing some other high-intensity activities, yoga can still raise your heart rate and help build muscle. Here’s more about how yoga is a complete body and mind workout.
·Reduce stress and reduce pounds. Yoga helps deal with stress. 37 Yoga has an impact on the body’s stress response and reduces the production of chemicals linked to weight gain, such as cortisol (皮质醇), a stress hormone.
·Move well and eat well. 38 Participants involved in yoga practice realize that they tend to notice not only the amount of food they eat, but also what type of foods they eat and the impact of eating those foods. They become aware of the effect of certain foods on their bodies during their yoga practice.
· 39 Doing yoga long term not only can help people lose weight but also can strengthen cognitive skills to help keep it off. A multiyear study examines the possibility of yoga maintaining weight loss. Its findings suggest that yoga may help to improve long-term weight loss outcomes via improvements in distress tolerance, self-compassion and a more positive mood.
Yoga is a very reasonable form of exercise, but you have to choose the right type. A 2021 study found no difference in weight loss totals for participants practicing a gentle, restorative yoga versus a more vigorous type of yoga. 40 Everybody can benefit from a yoga practice.
A．Make weight loss last.
B．Learn about cognitive skills.
C．Studies show that high levels of cortisol can lead to an increase in fat.
D．Several studies have confirmed that doing yoga does raise cortisol levels.
E．Yoga helps break old dietary habits and related unconscious patterns of behavior.
F．Actually, the best yoga is the practice that fits for you — the one you’ll commit to.
G．But as for weight loss, many people assume other types of exercise will benefit more.
【答案】36．G 37．C 38．E 39．A 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑜伽的作用和如何选择适合自己的瑜伽类型。
36．上文“Yoga has a well-deserved reputation for helping improve balance and flexibility and for inducing calm and relaxation.(瑜伽在帮助改善平衡和灵活性、诱导平静和放松方面享有实至名归的声誉)”介绍了瑜伽的好处，但下文“While you might not burn as many calories by practicing yoga as you would by running or doing some other high-intensity activities (虽然练瑜伽燃烧的卡路里可能不如跑步或其他高强度运动消耗的卡路里多)”指出瑜伽这项运动的不足，上下文语意之间有转折关系。G项“But as for weight loss, many people assume other types of exercise will benefit more. (但说到减肥，很多人认为其他类型的运动更有益)”起到承上启下的作用，与上文构成转折关系，引出下文瑜伽与其它运动的比对，句中“other types of exercise”即下文中“ running or doing some other high-intensity activities”。上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
37．下文“Yoga has an impact on the body’s stress response and reduces the production of chemicals linked to weight gain, such as cortisol (皮质醇), a stress hormone.(瑜伽对身体的压力反应有影响，并减少与体重增加有关的化学物质的产生，如皮质醇，一种压力激素)”介绍瑜伽可以减少与体重增加有关的化学物质皮质醇，C项“Studies show that high levels of cortisol can lead to an increase in fat. (研究表明高水平的皮质醇会导致脂肪的增加)”说明了皮质醇与体重增加的关系，两个句子话题一致，且照应小标题中的主题“reduce pounds”。故选C项。
38．下文“Participants involved in yoga practice realize that they tend to notice not only the amount of food they eat, but also what type of foods they eat and the impact of eating those foods. They become aware of the effect of certain foods on their bodies during their yoga practice.(参与瑜伽练习的人意识到，他们往往不仅注意他们吃了多少食物，而且还注意他们吃了什么类型的食物以及吃这些食物的影响。他们在瑜伽练习中意识到某些食物对他们身体的影响)”说明瑜伽会帮助瑜伽练习者留意到自己的饮食习惯和相关行为模式，进而帮助他们作出调整与改变，E项“Yoga helps break old dietary habits and related unconscious patterns of behavior.(瑜伽有助于打破旧的饮食习惯和相关的无意识行为模式)”是下文内容概括。故选E项。
39．设空处是段首小标题，根据下文“Doing yoga long term not only can help people lose weight but also can strengthen cognitive skills to help keep it off. A multiyear study examines the possibility of yoga maintaining weight loss. Its findings suggest that yoga may help to improve long-term weight loss outcomes via improvements in distress tolerance, self-compassion and a more positive mood.(长期做瑜伽不仅可以帮助人们减肥，还可以增强认知能力，帮助人们保持体重。一项多年的研究调查了瑜伽保持减肥的可能性。研究结果表明，瑜伽可以通过提高对痛苦的耐受力、自我同情和更积极的情绪来帮助改善长期的减肥效果)”可知，本段主要讲瑜伽不但能帮助人们减肥，还能保持减肥效果。A项“Make weight loss last.(让减肥持续下去)”是最佳标题。故选A项。
40．上文“Yoga is a very reasonable form of exercise, but you have to choose the right type.(瑜伽是一种非常合理的运动形式，但你必须选择正确的类型)”提出练习瑜伽要选择类型，F项“Actually, the best yoga is the practice that fits for you — the one you’ll commit to.(事实上，最好的瑜伽是适合你的练习，是你愿意坚持的练习)”给出选择的标准：适合你的练习，你愿意坚持的练习，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As the other four players enjoy the crucial victory in an Arena Of Valor competition, they remained unaware that their teammate Lu Dong is a Paralympic 41 champion who plays with her feet.
At 32, Lu Dong has 42 a lot of medals over her 19-year swimming career. Meanwhile, she has enriched her daily life by 43 into various hobbies.
Lu 44 an interest in Arena Of Valor in 2017. 45 , her appearances in internet cafes drew a lot of curious glances, which made her 46 However, it also led to generous compliments when others 47 her remarkable skills. “They praised me after watching me play so well with my feet, which gave me a sense of 48 ,” Lu said. Besides video games, Lu has 49 an hour daily to piano practice for the past three years and has also 50 her skills in both cooking and beauty makeup.
Losing her 51 in a childhood accident, Lu stop participating in P. E. classes to avoid 52 in her elementary school days, which made her physically and mentally 53 . Luckily, she was recommended to join the provincial swimming team in 2004. She won two golds and two silvers in the youth group of the National Championship in 2005, earning a 54 in the national squad (代表队). Lu’s 55 performances in the pool caught the eye of Beijing Sports University in 2020, 56 the beginning of her college journey.
Changing from a (n) 57 girl to a national champion, Lu gained immense confidence. She no longer 58 to wear T-shirts in summer or to tuck her sleeves into her pockets in winter.
“It was swimming that 59 the girl who always talked a lot and the girl who was brave enough to 60 the fixed image of the disabled.” Lu said.
41．A．swimming B．running C．dancing D．singing
42．A．accounted B．accommodated C．accomplished D．accumulated
43．A．looking B．diving C．leaping D．bumping
44．A．developed B．created C．made D．built
45．A．Eventually B．Formally C．Initially D．Firstly
46．A．confident B．comfortable C．uneasy D．annoyed
47．A．approved B．witnessed C．learned D．practiced
48．A．responsibility B．belonging C．identity D．achievement
49．A．dedicated B．lasted C．waited D．offered
50．A．found B．kept C．required D．showcased
51．A．hands B．arms C．legs D．feet
52．A．wounds B．damage C．injuries D．loss
53．A．vulnerable B．capable C．strong D．tired
54．A．degree B．living C．position D．point
55．A．unique B．ordinary C．typical D．exceptional
56．A．changing B．marking C．following D．proving
57．A．uncommunicative B．unambitious C．selfish D．impatient
58．A．managed B．attempted C．expected D．hesitated
59．A．found out B．brought back C．waken up D．taken away
60．A．understand B．accept C．challenge D．shape
【答案】
41．A 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．C 46．C 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．D 56．B 57．A 58．D 59．B 60．C
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了卢冬(音译)这位失去双臂的残奥会游泳冠军如何克服身体障碍，在游泳领域取得卓越成就，并进而在游戏、钢琴、烹饪和美容等多个领域展现自己的才能和自信。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当其他四名队员在《王者荣耀》比赛中取得关键胜利的时候，他们并不知道他们的队友卢冬是残奥会游泳冠军，她用脚玩游戏。A. swimming游泳；B. running跑步；C. dancing跳舞；D. singing唱歌。根据下文“Luckily, she was recommended to join the provincial swimming team in 2004. She won two golds and two silvers in the youth group of the National Championship in 2005, earning a ____14____ in the national squad (代表队).”可知，卢冬是游泳冠军。故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：32岁的卢冬在她19年的游泳生涯中积累了很多奖牌。A. accounted解释；B. accommodated提供住宿；C. accomplished完成；D. accumulated积累。根据空后的“a lot of medals over her 19-year swimming career.”可知，在19年的游泳生涯，她是积累了许多奖牌。故选D。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，她也通过投身各种爱好来丰富自己的日常生活。A. looking看；B. diving跳水、投入；C. leaping跳跃；D. bumping碰撞。根据下文可知，卢冬在日常生活中还弹钢琴，研究烹饪和美妆，由此可知，她是投身各种爱好。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卢冬在2017年对《王者荣耀》产生了兴趣。A. developed发展、培养；B. created创造；C. made制作；D. built建立。根据空后的“an interest in”以及句意可知，卢冬在2017年对《王者荣耀》产生了兴趣，考查短语：develop an interest in，意为“对……产生了兴趣”，符合句意。故选A。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，她在网吧的出现吸引了很多好奇的目光，这让她感到不自在。A. Eventually最终；B. Formally正式地；C. Initially起初；D. Firstly首先。根据下文“However, it also led to generous compliments when others ____7____ her remarkable skills. “They praised me after watching me play so well with my feet, which gave me a sense of ____8____,” Lu said.”可知，后来人们都对她的游戏技能赞不绝口，由此可推测，空处指的是最初人们会对她用脚玩游戏感到好奇。故选C。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，她在网吧的出现吸引了很多好奇的目光，这让她感到不自在。A. confident自信的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. uneasy不自在的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据上文“her appearances in internet cafes drew a lot of curious glances”以及常理可知，人们都盯着她看，她自然是感到不自在。故选C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当别人看到她出色的游戏技能时，也对她赞不绝口。A. approved批准、赞同；B. witnessed见证、看到；C. learned学习、得知；D. practiced练习。根据下文““They praised me after watching me play so well with my feet, which gave me a sense of ____8____,” Lu said.”可知，这些人是看到了她出色的游戏技能对她赞不绝口。故选B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意： “他们看我用脚玩得这么好，都夸我，这给了我一种成就感。”卢说。A. responsibility责任；B. belonging所有物；C. identity一致、身份；D. achievement成就。根据上文的““They praised me after watching me play so well with my feet,”以及常理可知，别人这么夸她，她会有一种成就感。故选D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 除了玩电子游戏，过去三年里，卢每天花一个小时练习钢琴，并在烹饪和美容化妆方面展示了自己的技能。A. dedicated致力于；B. lasted持续；C. waited等待；D. offered提供。根据句意可知，卢冬每天都会练习钢琴；考查短语：dedicate …to….，意为“花时间做某事、致力于做某事”，符合句意。故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了玩电子游戏，过去三年里，卢每天花一个小时练习钢琴，并在烹饪和美容化妆方面展示了自己的技能。A. found发现；B. kept维持；C. required要求；D. showcased展示、陈列。根据空后的“her skills in both cooking and beauty makeup.”可推测，卢是在这两方面展现了自己的技能。故选D。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时期的一场意外让卢冬失去了双臂，因此她在小学时不再参加体育课，以避免受伤，这让她在身心上都变得脆弱。A. hands手；B. arms胳膊；C. legs腿；D. feet脚。根据上文“As the other four players enjoy the crucial victory in an Arena Of Valor competition, they remained unaware that their teammate Lu Dong is a Paralympic ____1____ champion who plays with her feet.”可知，卢冬是用脚打游戏，以及18空所在句所说的：她不再犹豫在夏天穿T恤，或者在冬天把袖子塞进口袋，由此可知，童年的意外让卢冬失去了双臂。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时期的一场意外让卢冬失去了双臂，因此她在小学时不再参加体育课，以避免受伤，这让她在身心上都变得脆弱。A. wounds伤口；B. damage损害；C. injuries受伤；D. loss损失。根据常理可知，由于卢冬失去了双臂，所以小学时她不参加体育课是为了避免受伤。故选C。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：童年时期的一场意外让卢冬失去了双臂，因此她在小学时不再参加体育课，以避免受伤，这让她在身心上都变得脆弱。A. vulnerable易受伤害的；B. capable有能力的；C. strong强壮的；D. tired劳累的。根据上文可知，由于一场意外，卢冬失去了双臂，所以不能上体育课，由此可推测，这让她身心都变得脆弱，容易受到伤害。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2005年，她在全国锦标赛青年组中获得了2金2银，进入了国家队。A. degree学位、程度；B. living生计；C. position位置、职位；D. point观点、特点。根据空后“in the national squad (代表队)”可推测，卢冬凭着自己的傲人成绩在国家队有了一席之地。故选C。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2020年，卢冬在泳池中的出色表现引起了北京体育大学的注意，标志着她大学之旅的开始。A. unique独特的；B. ordinary普通的；C. typical典型的；D. exceptional例外的、出色的。根据上文“Luckily, she was recommended to join the provincial swimming team in 2004. She won two golds and two silvers in the youth group of the National Championship in 2005, earning a ____14____ in the national squad (代表队).”可知，卢冬的表现非常出色。故选D。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年，卢冬在泳池中的出色表现引起了北京体育大学的注意，标志着她大学之旅的开始。A. changing改变；B. marking标志、打分；C. following跟随；D. proving证明。根据句意可知，她的出色表现引起了背景体育大学的注意，将其录取，而这也标志了她大学生涯的开始。故选B。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从一个沉默寡言的女孩到全国冠军，卢冬获得了极大的自信。A. uncommunicative拘谨的；B. unambitious没有名利心的；C. selfish自私的；D. impatient没有耐心的。根据上文可知，最初面对别人的注视，卢冬非常不自在，由此可知，一开始的她是拘谨的，沉默寡言的。故选A。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不再犹豫在夏天穿T恤，或者在冬天把袖子塞进口袋。A. managed管理、做成；B. attempted试图；C. expected期待；D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文“Changing from a (n) ____17____ girl to a national champion, Lu gained immense confidence.”可知。卢冬逐渐有了自信，说明没有胳膊的她不再惧怕在夏天穿短袖或者在冬天把袖子塞进口袋。故选D。
59．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“是游泳让我找回了那个总是爱说话的女孩，那个勇敢地挑战残疾人固有形象的女孩。”卢冬说。A. found out查明；B. brought back带回、使记起；C. waken up叫醒；D. taken away夺走。根据空后“the girl who always talked a lot and the girl who was brave enough”可知，本句指的是游泳让她有了信心，找回了事故发生前那个爱说话的女孩。故选B。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是游泳让我找回了那个总是爱说话的女孩，那个勇敢地挑战残疾人固有形象的女孩。”卢冬说。A. understand理解；B. accept接受；C. challenge挑战；D. shape塑造。根据上文内容可知，卢冬虽然没有双臂，但是她不畏命运的挑战，不仅成为游泳冠军，还用脚打游戏，弹钢琴，甚至烹饪美妆也不落下。由此可知，她用自身的经历挑战人们对残疾人存在的固有的印象。故选C。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese net users have found a new way to battle desertification by playing virtual (虚拟的) planting games. Ant Forest, 61 is under Ant Financial of the Alibaba Group, told the Global Times that they had planted over 50 million trees covering about 507 square kilometers across China from 2016 to 2019.
Ant Forest is the first such game in China. In the Ant Forest plan, any activity 62 (consider) low carbon, including walking, taking public transport and online payments, will be converted into virtual “green energy”. The energy will be used to grow a virtual tree in the “forest” of the 63 (user). They exchange 64 for a real tree by paying the corresponding energy. Ant Forest will plant the real trees in spring and autumn each year 65 the help of local authorities in the desert areas. This way of planting trees 66 (recognize) on October 23, 2018 by the National Afforestation Committee as 67 means for citizens to fulfill their obligation of planting trees.
The Chinese government attaches great 68 (important)to the protection of ecosystems. China aims 69 (increase)the forest cover to 23 percent by 2020, and to 26 percent by 2035. A new study using data from NASA satellite shows that the Earth becomes 70 (green) as a result of ambitious tree-planting programs in China.
【答案】
61．which 62．considered 63．users 64．it 65．with 66．was recognized 67．a 68．importance 69．to increase 70．greener
【分析】本文为说明文。阿里巴巴集团蚂蚁金服通过开发“蚂蚁森林”虚拟种植游戏提供给中国网民，从而找到了一种对抗荒漠化的新方法，并且取得了成效。
61．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为Ant Forest，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用which。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：在蚂蚁森林计划中，任何被认为是低碳的活动，包括步行、乘坐公共交通和在线支付，都将转化为虚拟的绿色能源。分析句子成分可知，该句中主语为any activity其后所填词汇与主语之间有被动关系，作后置定语，故填considered。
63．考查名词复数。句意：这些能量将被用来在用户的“森林”中生长一棵虚拟树。根据其前的定冠词the可知，此处用名词，根据句意“用户”，可知用复数，故填users。
64．考查代词。句意：他们通过支付相应的能量，将虚拟树转换为真实树。根据句意可知，此处替代前一句a virtual tree，为特指，故填it。
65．考查介词搭配。句意：在每年春秋两季，蚂蚁森林在沙漠地区当地政府的帮助下，种植真正的树木。该句中使用with the help of… 为固定搭配，意为“在…的帮助下”，故填with。
66．考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知，该句中This way of planting trees为主语，是单数，其与所给词汇为被动关系，用被动语态。根据时间状语on October 23, 2018，可知用一般过去时态，故填was recognized。
67．考查不定冠词。句意：2018年10月23日，国家造林绿化委员会将这种植树方式作为公民履行植树义务的一种方式。根据句意可知，此处意指“一种方式”，为泛指，means的首字母发音是辅音，故填a。
68．考查名词。句意：中国政府高度重视生态系统的保护。该句使用固定短语attach importance to … ，意为“重视，认为…重要”，故填importance。
69．考查不定式。句意：中国的目标是到2020年森林覆盖率达到23%，到2035年达到26%。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“目标是，旨在…”故填to increase。
70．考查形容词比较级。句意：一项使用美国宇航局卫星数据的新研究表明，由于中国热心的植树计划，地球变得更加绿了。根据句意可知，植树在中国取得了成效，地球变得更加绿色，暗含“比较”含义，用比较级，故填greener。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
71．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ) 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was in high school, there was a time when everyone in class cast down and need a bit of a cheer. On an afternoon, our English teacher, Mr. Liu walked into our classrooms, he noticed our feelings. He drew a picture on the whiteboard, what showed a half-full glass of water. He then said, “Class, the point of view from which you look at things will affect your feelings. Like this glass of water, some people see it and think ‘Only half a glass of water. How unfortunately I am.’ However, other people think ‘I’m so thirst. Half a glass of water for you! It is all in the way we think.” Later, all of us kept up spirits, and at last our efforts was paid off.
Mr. Liu’s optimistic way of thinking always make me feel glad and hopeful. I’m so grateful that I’ve met so a good teacher in my life.
【答案】
1.在cast前加was
2.need→needed3.classrooms→classroom4.what→which5.unfortunately→unfortunate6.thirst→thirsty7.you→me8.去掉paid前的was9.make→makes10.so→such
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是刘老师在作者和同学都感到沮丧的时候通过一幅画让大家改变思考方式的故事。
【详解】1.考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：当我上高中的时候，有一段时间，班上的每个人都很沮丧，需要一点鼓舞。be cast down是固定短语，意为“感到沮丧”，由there was a time可知，此处时态是一般过去时，主语everyone是单数，因此该用was cast down，故在cast前加was。
2.考查时态。句意：当我上高中的时候，有一段时间，班上的每个人都很沮丧，需要一点鼓舞。由there was a time可知，句子时态是一般过去时，need用过去式，故将need改为needed。
3.考查名词。句意：一天下午，我们的英语老师刘老师走进我们的教室，他注意到了我们的感受。“我们的教室”是一个教室，因此classroom用单数，故将classrooms改为classroom。
4.考查定语从句。句意：他在白板上画了一幅画，画上有半杯水。“showed a half-full glass of water”是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词picture是物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故将what改为which。
5.考查形容词。句意：我是多么不幸啊。由I am可知，unfortunately应该改为形容词unfortunate，作表语，故将unfortunately改为unfortunate。
6.考查形容词。句意：我太渴了。I’m后跟形容词作表语，thirst的形容词是thirsty，意为“口渴的”，故将thirst改为thirsty。
7.考查代词。句意：给我半杯水！由I’m so thirst可知，“我”渴，就应该给“我”半杯水，用代词宾格me作for的宾语，故将you改为me。
8.考查主动语态。句意：后来，我们大家都打起了精神，最后我们的努力得到了回报。pay off是固定短语，意为“得到回报”，不用被动语态，因此was是多余的，故去掉paid前的was。
9.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：Mr. Liu乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴和充满希望。本句描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语“Mr. Liu’s optimistic way of thinking”是单数，因此make用第三人称单数，故将make改为makes。
10.考查副词。句意：我很感激在我的生命中遇到了这样一位好老师。“such+不定冠词+形容词+名词”是固定用法，意为“如此……的……”，因此把第二个so改为such，故将so改为such。
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
72．假如你是李华，你校准备组织一次以“Science Lights Up the Future”为主题的科技创新活动(the Science and Technology Innovation Event)。请你为校报写一篇开幕词，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 活动目的；
3. 活动内容。
注意：
1. 词数100词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear teachers and fellow students,
Welcome to our “the Science and Technology Innovation Event” of our school, with the theme of “Science Lights Up the Future”. As president of the Student Union, I’m honored to have the opportunity to open this wonderful occasion.
The purpose of this event is to enrich students’ knowledge of modern science and technology as well as inspire us with scientific innovation in this “smarter” world. There will be a variety of exhibitions and lectures, which are both informative and inspiring. Also, a display zone will be set up,where students are encouraged to show their own hand-on scientific designs and inventions as well, such as rockets and 3D printing.
Thank you for your attendance, and I wish you all a meaningful and enjoyable experience.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校举办的科技创新活动写一篇开幕词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：theme→subject
荣幸的：honored→privileged
机会：opportunity→chance
目的：purpose→aim
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Welcome to our “the Science and Technology Innovation Event” of our school, with the theme of “Science Lights Up the Future”.
拓展句：Welcome to our “the Science and Technology Innovation Event” of our school, whose theme is “Science Lights Up the Future”.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There will be a variety of exhibitions and lectures, which are both informative and inspiring.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型1】Also, a display zone will be set up ,where students are encouraged to show their own hand-on scientific designs and inventions as well, such as rockets and 3D printing.(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）冲刺2024年高考英语模拟卷02（全国卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are they talking about
A．The pollution in the air.
B．Smoke coming from the school.
C．Measures taken by the school.
2．Where are Lisa’s parents
A．At the airport. B．In California. C．In hospital.
3．How soon will the man return the book
A．In three days. B．In one week. C．In two weeks.
4．Which book has the woman borrowed
A．The history book. B．The math book. C．The chemistry book.
5．What’s the relationship between them
A．Neighbors. B．Workmates. C．Classmates.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What does the man do
A．A doctor. B．A student. C．An athlete.
7．What do we know about the man
A．He had a serious car accident.
B．He got an operation on his leg.
C．He broke his leg at the age of 17.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．How does the woman feel about herself
A．The woman really thinks herself to be very strong.
B．The woman coughs a lot and she feels terrible.
C．The woman feels good, although she looks pale.
9．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．He advised the woman to go to hospital.
B．He advised the woman to have a check-up immediately.
C．He advised the woman to see his doctor and make an appointment with him.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．How does the woman feel about the interview with MIT
A．Disappointed. B．Nervous. C．Satisfied.
11．What course is Michigan famous for
A．Law. B．History. C．Medicine.
12．What does the man’s father want him to be
A．An English teacher. B．A historian. C．A doctor.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．When did Amber begin attending college
A．At age 18. B．At age 19. C．At age 20.
14．What did Amber think of working for Highlights
A．It was boring. B．It was demanding. C．It was interesting.
15．How did Amber know about Youth Beauty Competition
A．From the TV. B．From a poster. C．From her boss.
16．What did Amber do with most of her prize money
A．She put it in the bank.
B．She spent it on a vehicle.
C．She donated it to a school.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What could the speaker probably be
A．A teacher. B．A student. C．A guide.
18．How was the first winter of the first Englishmen
A．Easy. B．Boring. C．Tough.
19．When was the first Thanksgiving
A．In 1620. B．In 1621. C．In 1622.
20．What can we learn from the talk
A．Natives were invited on the first Thanksgiving.
B．Thanksgiving is celebrated quite differently now.
C．Thanksgiving was originally celebrated in December.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hong Kong is one of the most expensive cities in the world, with its lavish food and giant shopping malls. But that doesn’t mean that you can’t enjoy the city without stretching your wallet. With good planning, you can enjoy many things in Hong Kong for free.
1. Go gallery hopping and marvel at beautiful artworks
Hong Kong is home to plenty of independent art galleries that exhibit works from various artists around the world. While galleries are spread across the city, we argue that the best place to go gallery hopping is around Central and Sheung Wan.
2. Get up-close with nature at one of the scenic hiking trails
It’s easy to visualize images of Hong Kong’s breathtaking skyline when thinking of the city. But Hong Kong is also filled with thick greenery, mountains, and amazing natural landscapes. So, go hiking at any of the scenic trails the city has. For hiking beginners, the Peak trail is among the easiest and in the end, you’ll be treated to epic views of Victoria Harbour. Also perfect for newbies but a little more into nature is Dragon’s Back.
3. Step back in time at the traditional villages
Due to urbanization, Hong Kong’s traditional villages have been in massive decline throughout the years. With those still standing today, it serves as a time machine to showcase Hong Kong’s past. Among the best-preserved villages is Tsang Tai Uk. The original brick, timber, and granite materials are still well-maintained within the walls.
21．Who may find the Peak trail most fascinating
A．Science fans. B．Outdoor enthusiasts.
C．Water sports lovers. D．Gallery goers.
22．Which tourist destination offers a glimpse of Hong Kong’s history
A．Central and Sheung Wan B．The Peak trail
C．Tsang Tai Uk D．Dragon’s Back
23．Who are the most likely target readers for this article
A．Travelers lacking experience B．Travelers into lavish city life
C．Travelers seeking local cuisine D．Travelers on a tight budget
B
Several weeks ago, I pulled an old road map out of the glove box and passed it to my children. They had never seen the province of Ontario laid out like that before. They stared at the map, asking about all the towns, parks, and other landmarks we’d visited, and I pointed them out on the map.
Digital maps and GPS are modern wonders that have gotten me out of many confusing places, but paper maps still have a role to play in our lives. Most of us adults learned to read them out of necessity, but it’s up to us to pass on that skill to children whose need may not be so obvious, but who still will benefit from it.
As Trevor Muir wrote in an article on this topic, “When kids learn how to create and use paper maps, they are doing more than just learning how to get around. They are actually developing a fundamental skill that they will use for the rest of their lives. Map skill still belong in today’s classroom.”
As a child, I had National Geographic Maps taped to my bedroom walls. This aroused my curiosity and imagination about those places and thus made me eager to remember my geography and history lessons because they were tied to places I’d “seen”. Even now as a mother of four, I’ve also spared time to travel to many of the countries whose maps I studied as a child.
Additionally, in this fast-changing world, unexpected events can rapidly influence one’s usual way of life. When GPS satellites or Internet connections are affected, this old-fashioned skill can get you out of a mess without requiring a smartphone. Last but not least, paper maps arouse big picture thinking, showing kids that there’s a much bigger world out there and helping to direct them within it.
So, now is a good time to pull out those dusty old maps and lay them on the kitchen table.
24．How did the children react when they were given the paper map
A．They showed great curiosity.
B．They seemed totally confused.
C．They found it less convenient than GPS.
D．They refused to read it without hesitation.
25．What is Trevor Muir’s attitude towards teaching paper map skill for kids
A．Neutral. B．Negative. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.
26．Which of the following will the author agree with
A．Paper maps are already out of date.
B．Internet connections are always reliable.
C．Paper maps provide kids with a grand vision.
D．GPS will sooner or later replace paper maps.
27．Which would be the best title for the text
A．Time to Encourage Kids to Explore a Real World
B．How to Teach Kids to Survive in the Wild
C．How to Teach Kids to Recognize Strange Places
D．Time to Teach Kids to Read Paper Maps
C
Household chores (家务活) may contribute to healthy aging, according to a study published in the journal BMJ Open. Researchers from Singapore found that regular physical activity, including tasks like dusting, scrubbing floors, and washing windows, can improve physical and mental health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and decrease falls, immobility, dependency, and mortality among older adults.
The study involved 249 participants aged 21 to 64 and 240 participants aged 65 to 90. Participants completed cognitive (认知) function tests and physical capability assessments. They were asked about their levels of physical activity, including light housework (such as dusting) and heavy housework (such as floor-scrubbing). The researchers found that older adults who engaged in high amounts of heavy housework had higher cognitive and attention scores compared to those who did low levels or no heavy housework at all. These participants also had lower sit-to-stand times and were at a lower risk of falling. Similarly, older adults who reported high levels of light housework had higher cognitive and memory scores compared to those who did low levels of such tasks.
Dr. Shiou-Liang Wee, co-author of the research, emphasized that health messaging on staying active should not only focus on recreational physical activities. He highlighted that housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults and is linked to sharper memory and better fall protection.
However, experts urge caution when interpreting the study’s findings. Professor Gill Livingston from University College London noted that people who are not well may be expected to do less housework, and the study did not establish a causal relationship between housework and health outcomes. Professor Charlie Foster from the University of Bristol highlighted that the study relied on self-reported levels of household chores, which may be inaccurate, and did not fully consider other factors that could influence the results. While the study suggests that household chore may have benefits for older adults’ health, further research is needed to better understand the relationship between housework and healthy aging.
28．How did the researchers measure the participants’ levels of physical activity
A．By analyzing the participants’ daily routines.
B．By doing household chores with the participants.
C．By carrying out a test on the participants.
D．By listening to the participants’ spoken reports.
29．What can we know about the study
A．Household chores, heavy or light, do help.
B．The more housework for the elderly, the better.
C．The subjects are of similar age.
D．Light housework improves health better.
30．What do Gill Livingston and Charlie Foster think of the result of the study
A．Objective. B．Meaningless. C．Partial. D．Successful.
31．What is the text mainly about
A．Definite limitation of a study on healthy aging.
B．The introduction to a study on household chores.
C．Housework arguments among different experts.
D．Possible function of household chores for healthy aging.
D
Researchers in Australia have identified enzymes (酶) in the body of certain beetle larvae (甲虫幼虫) that can degrade or break down plastic. In a study published in Microbial Genomics, they write that these “superworms” could help reduce plastic waste in the future.
“Superworms are like mini recycling plants, cutting up the polysyrene (聚苯乙烯) with their mouths and then feeding it to the bacteria in their stomach,” said Chris Rinke from the University of Queensland in Australia. “The breakdown products from this reaction can then be used by other microbes to create high-value chemicals.”
In the study, scientists divided beetle larvae into three groups, feeding one group wheat bran, one polystyrene and one nothing. Over three weeks, they monitored their growth. “We found that superworms fed a diet of just polystyrene not only survived, but even had marginal weight gains,” said Rinke. “This suggests the worms can get energy from the polystyrene, most likely with the help of their stomach bacteria.”
On the other hand, the plastic-fed worms gained much less weight and were overall much less healthy than the bran-fed ones, though better off than the starvation group. After three weeks, some larvae were also set aside to grow into beetles, according to the study. About 93% of the bran-fed larvae formed adult worms, while about 67% of the plastic-fed larvae and 10% of the starved larvae formed adult worms.
The researchers investigated the superworm’s stomach bacteria to find the specific enzymes linked to plastic degradation, writes Fionna M. D．Samuels for Scientific American. The enzyme that degrades the polystyrene appears to live with the stomach bacteria, not the worm itself.
Polystyrene is one of the most common plastics used today. But it’s not very chemically reactive, and breaking it down with industrial recycling methods takes high heat. So, researchers have been looking for plastic-degrading enzymes and bacteria for years.
Further research will still need to be done to figure out how to employ these worms, bacteria and enzymes in recycling facilities.
32．What does Chris Rinke compare superworms to
A．Small plants. B．Beetle larvae. C．Stomach bacteria. D．High-value chemicals.
33．What does the underlined word “marginal” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Few. B．Tiny. C．Obvious. D．Normal.
34．What is the sixth paragraph intended to show
A．The damage of plastic to life.
B．Possible causes of plastic pollution.
C．Researchers’ efforts over the years to recycle plastic.
D．The necessity of finding out a way to degrade plastic.
35．What is the purpose of the text
A．To report a new way to recycle plastic. B．To call on people to reduce plastic waste.
C．To explain how larvae can degrade plastic. D．To introduce the findings of a new research.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yoga has a well-deserved reputation for helping improve balance and flexibility and for inducing calm and relaxation. 36 While you might not burn as many calories by practicing yoga as you would by running or doing some other high-intensity activities, yoga can still raise your heart rate and help build muscle. Here’s more about how yoga is a complete body and mind workout.
·Reduce stress and reduce pounds. Yoga helps deal with stress. 37 Yoga has an impact on the body’s stress response and reduces the production of chemicals linked to weight gain, such as cortisol (皮质醇), a stress hormone.
·Move well and eat well. 38 Participants involved in yoga practice realize that they tend to notice not only the amount of food they eat, but also what type of foods they eat and the impact of eating those foods. They become aware of the effect of certain foods on their bodies during their yoga practice.
· 39 Doing yoga long term not only can help people lose weight but also can strengthen cognitive skills to help keep it off. A multiyear study examines the possibility of yoga maintaining weight loss. Its findings suggest that yoga may help to improve long-term weight loss outcomes via improvements in distress tolerance, self-compassion and a more positive mood.
Yoga is a very reasonable form of exercise, but you have to choose the right type. A 2021 study found no difference in weight loss totals for participants practicing a gentle, restorative yoga versus a more vigorous type of yoga. 40 Everybody can benefit from a yoga practice.
A．Make weight loss last.
B．Learn about cognitive skills.
C．Studies show that high levels of cortisol can lead to an increase in fat.
D．Several studies have confirmed that doing yoga does raise cortisol levels.
E．Yoga helps break old dietary habits and related unconscious patterns of behavior.
F．Actually, the best yoga is the practice that fits for you — the one you’ll commit to.
G．But as for weight loss, many people assume other types of exercise will benefit more.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As the other four players enjoy the crucial victory in an Arena Of Valor competition, they remained unaware that their teammate Lu Dong is a Paralympic 41 champion who plays with her feet.
At 32, Lu Dong has 42 a lot of medals over her 19-year swimming career. Meanwhile, she has enriched her daily life by 43 into various hobbies.
Lu 44 an interest in Arena Of Valor in 2017. 45 , her appearances in internet cafes drew a lot of curious glances, which made her 46 However, it also led to generous compliments when others 47 her remarkable skills. “They praised me after watching me play so well with my feet, which gave me a sense of 48 ,” Lu said. Besides video games, Lu has 49 an hour daily to piano practice for the past three years and has also 50 her skills in both cooking and beauty makeup.
Losing her 51 in a childhood accident, Lu stop participating in P. E. classes to avoid 52 in her elementary school days, which made her physically and mentally 53 . Luckily, she was recommended to join the provincial swimming team in 2004. She won two golds and two silvers in the youth group of the National Championship in 2005, earning a 54 in the national squad (代表队). Lu’s 55 performances in the pool caught the eye of Beijing Sports University in 2020, 56 the beginning of her college journey.
Changing from a (n) 57 girl to a national champion, Lu gained immense confidence. She no longer 58 to wear T-shirts in summer or to tuck her sleeves into her pockets in winter.
“It was swimming that 59 the girl who always talked a lot and the girl who was brave enough to 60 the fixed image of the disabled.” Lu said.
41．A．swimming B．running C．dancing D．singing
42．A．accounted B．accommodated C．accomplished D．accumulated
43．A．looking B．diving C．leaping D．bumping
44．A．developed B．created C．made D．built
45．A．Eventually B．Formally C．Initially D．Firstly
46．A．confident B．comfortable C．uneasy D．annoyed
47．A．approved B．witnessed C．learned D．practiced
48．A．responsibility B．belonging C．identity D．achievement
49．A．dedicated B．lasted C．waited D．offered
50．A．found B．kept C．required D．showcased
51．A．hands B．arms C．legs D．feet
52．A．wounds B．damage C．injuries D．loss
53．A．vulnerable B．capable C．strong D．tired
54．A．degree B．living C．position D．point
55．A．unique B．ordinary C．typical D．exceptional
56．A．changing B．marking C．following D．proving
57．A．uncommunicative B．unambitious C．selfish D．impatient
58．A．managed B．attempted C．expected D．hesitated
59．A．found out B．brought back C．waken up D．taken away
60．A．understand B．accept C．challenge D．shape
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese net users have found a new way to battle desertification by playing virtual (虚拟的) planting games. Ant Forest, 61 is under Ant Financial of the Alibaba Group, told the Global Times that they had planted over 50 million trees covering about 507 square kilometers across China from 2016 to 2019.
Ant Forest is the first such game in China. In the Ant Forest plan, any activity 62 (consider) low carbon, including walking, taking public transport and online payments, will be converted into virtual “green energy”. The energy will be used to grow a virtual tree in the “forest” of the 63 (user). They exchange 64 for a real tree by paying the corresponding energy. Ant Forest will plant the real trees in spring and autumn each year 65 the help of local authorities in the desert areas. This way of planting trees 66 (recognize) on October 23, 2018 by the National Afforestation Committee as 67 means for citizens to fulfill their obligation of planting trees.
The Chinese government attaches great 68 (important)to the protection of ecosystems. China aims 69 (increase)the forest cover to 23 percent by 2020, and to 26 percent by 2035. A new study using data from NASA satellite shows that the Earth becomes 70 (green) as a result of ambitious tree-planting programs in China.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
71．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ) 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was in high school, there was a time when everyone in class cast down and need a bit of a cheer. On an afternoon, our English teacher, Mr. Liu walked into our classrooms, he noticed our feelings. He drew a picture on the whiteboard, what showed a half-full glass of water. He then said, “Class, the point of view from which you look at things will affect your feelings. Like this glass of water, some people see it and think ‘Only half a glass of water. How unfortunately I am.’ However, other people think ‘I’m so thirst. Half a glass of water for you! It is all in the way we think.” Later, all of us kept up spirits, and at last our efforts was paid off.
Mr. Liu’s optimistic way of thinking always make me feel glad and hopeful. I’m so grateful that I’ve met so a good teacher in my life.
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
72．假如你是李华，你校准备组织一次以“Science Lights Up the Future”为主题的科技创新活动(the Science and Technology Innovation Event)。请你为校报写一篇开幕词，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 活动目的；
3. 活动内容。
注意：
1. 词数100词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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