Unit 4 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The secretary has made the ________(安排) of a time and place.
2．They built a(n) ________(平台) in the trees from which they could watch the animals unobserved.
3．As usual, he stood his ________(扫帚) behind the door after he finished cleaning the room.
4．The farmhouse is ________(遥远的) from any other building.
5．These facts are ________(有关的) to the case.
6．He didn't ________(参加) in the game as a result of his illness.
7．Education is a ________(特权) in many countries.
8．Seize the chance, ________(否则) you will regret it.
9．________(文书工作)consumed much of the committee's time.
10．All the ________(剩饭)ought to be warmed up before eating.
答案：1.arrangement 2.platform 3.broom 4.remote 5.relevant 6.participate 7.privilege 8.otherwise 9.Paperwork 10.leftovers
Ⅱ.用方框中短语的正确形式填空
come across be relevant to hear from the other day get through adjust to make a difference be dying to arrange for dry out
1．It doesn't________whether he comes or not.
2．He has left the paint to________.
3．Did you________him recently?
4．It was difficult to________the dense crowd.
5．It took us some time to________the dark cave.
6．What he has done________his personality.
7．He________make a fortune by buying lottery tickets.
8．I'll________a car to meet you at the airport.
9．Don't refer to the dictionary every time you________an unknown word.
10．Helen borrowed my book________， saying that she would return it soon.
答案：1.make any difference 2.dry out 3.hear from 4.get through 5.adjust to 6.is relevant to 7.is dying to 8.arrange for 9.come across 10.the other day
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我确实告诉你了，但是你忘了。
I ________ ________ ________， but you have forgotten it.(tell)
2．我盼望着不久收到你的信。
I look forward to ________ ________ ________ in the near future.(hear)
3．他在海滨度假，并天天去参加冲浪运动。
He spends holiday at the seashore, and goes to ________ ________ ________ every day.(participate)
4．听了他对这部电影的评论，我真想去看。
Having heard what he had said about the film, I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.(die)
5．他无法适应这个大都市的忙碌的现代生活。
He ________ ________ ________ ________ the whirl of modern life in this big city.(adjust)
6．她低着头坐在那里。
She sat there ________ ________ ________ ________.(bend)
7．过马路时，你一定要小心。
________ ________ ________ ________， you must be careful.(cross)
8．我们正忙着做圣诞节的准备。
We are busy ________ ________ ________ Christmas.(arrangement)
答案：1.did tell you 2.hearing from you 3.participate in surfing 4.am dying to see it 5.can't adjust himself to 6.with her head bent 7.While/When (you are) crossing the street 8.making arrangements for
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
I have a question for those or you in a relationship. How “normal” are you and your partner as a couple? I mean, are you like most other couples when it comes to things like how much you trust each other, how often you hold hands and how much you share the housework?
Well, two social scientists and a “wellness entrepreneur” tried to understand what most couples are really like. They asked over 100,000 people around the world questions about their relationships. Then they analyzed the answers and wrote a book about what they found. The book is called The Normal Bar. It was published this spring.
Professor Pepper Schwartz says there is no universal standard for “normal”. In other words, people can be happy with different normal. But she did find that couples who described themselves as happy had a lot of things in common.
Pepper Schwartz says normal for happy couples is helping. That means that neither person does all the cooking or cleaning. About 42 percent of men and women globally said they share chores equally.
But there's a bigger point. She says happy couples see their partners as whole persons—not just as the ones who do all the housework, or the ones who earn all the money.
“For example, something like 89 percent of couples in America, Spain, Canada, the Philippines, China—you name it, they support their partners' growth.”
In other words, she says most happy couples allow their partners to change—for instance, to try new jobs or new hobbies. No one has to stick doing the same thing over and over, either inside or outside the home.
And there's another thing, too. Schwartz says happy couples do not focus on work. The laundry and e-mail can wait, they say. The relationship is what is important.
文章大意：什么样的夫妻关系是正常的？如何让夫妻关系融洽？研究发现，夫妻幸福的秘诀在于有共同爱好，一起分担家务，支持对方的成长以及允许对方发生改变等等。
1．The first paragraph serves as a(n)________．
A．explanation B．background
C．comment D．introduction
答案：D 篇章结构题。文章第一段问了几个关于夫妻关系的问题，而本文主要讲的是夫妻幸福的秘诀，所以第一段是个引言。
2．The two social scientists wanted to find________.
A．most couples' relationships with their neighbors
B．what most couples' relationships are really like
C．most couples' opinions on their book
D．why most couples are unhappy
答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，他们要寻找的是大多数夫妻之间所保持的是什么样的关系。
3．According to Professor Schwartz's findings, happy couples________.
A．have less in common
B．often share things together
C．always do things separately
D．treat work as the most important thing
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，夫妻幸福的秘诀之一就是经常共同分担一些事情，所以选择B项。
4．Which of the following do happy couples most probably do?
A．Stick doing the same job.
B．Stop their partners' growth.
C．Allow their partners to change.
D．Never make a change in their life.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，幸福的夫妻会允许对方改变。
B
Julia lived in the countryside, but one year she decided to visit the capital city to do some shopping and to see the sights. She stayed at a hotel near the central market. She had seldom been to the city before, and was very excited about what she would find.
On the first morning of her visit, as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar(乞丐). He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth. Please give generously(慷慨地)．”
Julia felt sorry for the blind beggar and she bent down and put a dollar coin into his bowl.
“Thank you，” he said.
The same thing happened again the following day. On the third day, however, Julia did not have a dollar coin. She had only fifty cents, so she dropped this into the beggar's bowl.
“What have I done wrong？” the beggar said. “Why are you so stingy(吝啬的)today？”
Julia was very surprised at what the beggar said.
“How do you know I haven't given you a dollar？”she said. “If you're blind, you can't know what coin I put into your bowl.”
“Ah，” explained the beggar, “the truth is that I'm not blind. I'm not blind. I'm just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he's on holiday.”
“On holiday？” Julia said. “And what exactly does your blind friend do on holiday？”
“He goes into the countryside，” the man said, “and takes photographs. He's a very good photographer.”
文章大意：本文记叙了Julia和一个乞丐之间的故事。
5．Where was the beggar sitting?
A．Between Julia's hotel and the market.
B．In the busiest part of the city.
C．Outside the shops.
D．In the market.
答案：A 从第二段第一句“...as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar”可得出答案。
6．On the first two days, ________.
A．the blind man waited for Julia
B．Julia gave the blind man some money
C．the blind man demanded money from Julia
D．Julia gave him nothing
答案：B 从文中可以看出是Julia因为同情那个乞丐而主动给钱的。
7．On the third day, the blind man ________.
A．accepted Julia's fifty cents quite happily
B．noticed that Julia had only given him fifty cents
C．refused Julia's fifty cents
D．also received one dollar from Julia
答案：B 乞丐注意到Julia只给了平时的一半时很不高兴，但并没有拒绝。
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friendships can help reduce depression and loneliness as well as enrich lives and improve health.__1__Here are some useful tips that can help to overcome shyness and make new friends.
__2__
Many shy people find it really hard to talk to people. However, they need to get over this barrier and learn to talk to people. Start by talking to everyone—neighbors, the girl at the supermarket check out counter, old people, kids and mums with kids. It's good practice. Whatever the topic is, shy people will find that with more practice, talking to people will become easier.
Work Out and Meet People
Working out is a great way to meet more people. Joggers, cyclists and swimmers often meet others with the same interests and goals around the park, bicycle trail or swimming pool.__3__Sports do make excellent conversation topics.
Overcome Shyness and Make Friends By Volunteering
Volunteering or doing community work can enlarge a person's social network too. Churches, hospitals, nursing homes, schools, women's shelters and community centers often need volunteers and community workers.
Join a Hobby Group to Meet New Friends
There are so many hobby groups that exist, so there's sure to be at least one or two groups that will suit even the shyest person. __4__Many colleges or community centers also offer short courses for some activities. Meeting other people with similar interests often increases the chances of forming great friendships, since you start out with something in common.
Make and Accept Invitations
__5__So invite a new friend to tea or arrange to meet up after the usual hobby group meeting. If someone invites the shy person out to a gathering or event，he or she should readily accept the invitation.
A．Inviting someone to tea or lunch is a sign that the inviter is keen to form some kind of connection with the invitee.
B．Talk More to People to Overcome Shyness
C．However，shy people often have a hard time making new friends.
D. While Talking, Listen and Ask Questions
E．A good sense of humor is one of the top things others are looking for.
F．Scan the local newspaper or visit the community center to find out your favorite.
G．Going to the gym or the local community fitness center is another great way to make new friends.
答案：1～5 CBGFA
课件116张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7SharingUnit 4Section Ⅰ Warming-up; Pre-reading, Reading & ComprehendingUnit 4Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．音意记忆
(1)/'f??tnaIt/________(n.)两星期
(2)/ru?f/________(n.)屋顶；车顶
(3)/'k?nsept/________(n.)观念；概念
(4)/'rel?v?nt/________(adj.)有关的；切题的
(5)/rI'm??t/________(adj.)遥远的；偏僻的
(6)/wi?d/________(n.)杂草；野草 (vt.& vi.)除杂草fortnightroofconceptrelevantremoteweed(7)/'pl?tf??m/________(n.)台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台
(8)/bru?m/________(n.)扫帚
(9)/'?e?waIz/________(conj.)否则；不然(adv.)用别的方法；其他方面
(10)/'prIv?lId?/________(n.)特权；特别优待platformbroom otherwiseprivilege2.形意记忆
(1)nud(n.)泥；泥泞→________(adj.)泥泞的；泥土般的
(2)week(n.)周，星期→________(adj.& adv.)每周(的)
(3)rectangle(n.)矩形；长方形→__________(adj.)长方形的；矩形的
(4)adjust(vi.& vt.)调整；(使)适合→__________(n.)调整； 适应
(5)participate(vi.)参与；参加→____________(n.)参加→___________(n.)参加者，参与者
(6)arrangement(n.)安排；排列→________(v.)安排；排列muddyweeklyrectangularadjustmentparticipationparticipantarrangeⅡ.短语自查
1．确切地，肯定 ________________
2．不久前的一天 ________________
3．产生影响 ________________
4．与某人握手 ________________
5．颠倒地 ________________
6．(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透 ________________
7．(指河流、井等)干涸 ________________dry outfor surethe other daymake a differenceshake hands with sb.upside downdry up
8．hear from ________________
9．(be) bying to ________________
10．adapt to ________________
11．come across ________________
12．to be honest ________________接到……的信
极想；渴望
适应
偶然遇到
说实话 Ⅲ.经典句式
1．The reading passage is an airmail letter from a young Australian woman, Jo, __________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________in Papua New Guinea(PNG)for two years.
这段阅读材料是来自一名年青的澳大利亚女士的航空邮件，她叫乔，在巴布亚新几内亚志愿从教两年。2．I know______ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， so I've included some photos ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ________ ______.
我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况。我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈的地方。
3．________ ________ ________I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment ________， before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere.
有一天，我在给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了。4．I loved________ ________the family softly__________ ________ ________ ________in their language, ______ ________I could not________ ________the conversation.
我喜欢听他们一家人轻声细语地用自己的语言交谈，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。
答案：1.who worked as a volunteer teacher
2．you're dying to hear all about my life here; which will help you picture the places I talk about 3.The other day; when 4.listening to; talking to each other; even though; participate inⅣ.语篇理解
根据课文内容填空
In the letter that Jo wrote to Rosemary, she told of her experiences of being a teacher in a 1.________ school in Africa. We can imagine how difficult it was for her to work there, since there was no 2.________ or 3.________， and no 4.________ for science subjects. And students had to walk a long way to the school.It was difficult for her to get to know the 5.________ people as she didn't know much Pidgin English, but there was one chance that she 6.________ to visit the home of one of her students. After as long as two and a half hours' hard journey, she and another teacher Jenny arrived at Tombe's house, a low 7.________ hut with grass sticking out of the roof. They entered the room through the narrow 8.________， and the hut was dark inside so it took time for their eyes to 9.________. At dinner，Jo and Jenny learned a lot of local traditional customs. Jo really felt it was a great 10.________ to have spent a day with Tombe's family.
答案：1.bush 2.electricity 3.water 4.equipment 5.local 6.managed 7.bamboo 8.doorway 9.adjust 10.privilege1.volunteer n．志愿者；v.自愿
They need some volunteers to help paint the house.
他们需要几个自愿帮助漆房屋的人。
活学活用
(1)The girl worked as a ________ ________(教师志愿者) in the mountainous area for three years.
答案：volunteer teacher volunteer可以当名词和动词使用。作名词时，可以在句中充当定语。a volunteer teacher“一个教师志愿者”。(2)Now let's recite the poem we learned last week. Any________？
答案：volunteers 本题题意：现在背诵上周学的那首诗。谁自告奋勇？volunteer表示“志愿者”。
(3)If you wish to join our committee and volunteer ________ the betterment of the whole school, please register in the Admissions Office.
答案：for 本题题意：如果您愿意加入委员会，成为学校的志愿者，请到入学办公室报名。volunteer“自愿；自愿服务”，常常和介词for连用。
2．relevant adj.有关的；切题的；有实际价值的
①His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍与他是否是一位好律师无关。
②What you say is not relevant to the matter in hand.
你所说的与目前这件事无关。知识拓展
be relevant to与……有关
be related to与……有关
be concerned with与……有关
be involved in与……有关
be associated with与……有关
relevance n．关联，贴切，中肯
relevantly adv.有关地；切题地
irrelevant adj.无关的；不切题的
be irrelevant to sth./sb.与某物/人不相关活学活用
(1)What he said was not directly relevant________ what he had done.
答案：to 句意为“他说的话与他所做的事情没有直接的关系”。be relevant to...“与……有关”，符合题意。
(2)The criminal, as well as some________people, was arrested by the police yesterday.
答案：relevant 句意：那个罪犯，连同一些相关的人昨天被警方逮捕了。考查形容词辨析。relevant相关的。3．remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的
①It all seemed remote but gradually the improvements have been seen here.
这一切似乎很遥远，但这里的工作已逐渐得已改进。
②The volunteer teaches in one of the most remote areas of the world.
这位志愿者在世界上最偏僻的一个地区教书。知识拓展
remotely adv.遥远地；关系远地
remoteness n．遥远
remote control遥控(器)
be remote from离……远；与……相差很大
The old man lives in a house remote from any town or village.
那位老人住在一所远离村镇的房子里。
Much new knowledge is remote from the immediate interests of the ordinary person.
许多新知识与普通人目前的利益关系甚远。比较网站
remote, far和distant
Mail comes to this remote village only once a week.
邮车每周只到这个偏僻的村庄一次。
The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.
我们很难观察月亮远的一面。
He is a distant cousin of mine.
他是我的一位远房表亲。活学活用
汉译英
(1)There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive.
_______________________________________________
(2)你的评论跟我们正谈的问题关系不大。
_______________________________________________
答案：(1)他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。
(2)Your comments are rather remote from the subject we are discussing.4．adjust v．调整；(使)适合
①She adjusted the seat to the height of her son.
她调整座椅到适合儿子的高度。
②He tried to adjust his daily schedule to leave time for everything.
他设法调整日常时间表，以便能有时间顾及所有的事。知识拓展
adjust sth. to sth.调整……以适合
adust to sth./doing sth.适应于……
adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的
adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment作出调整
He soon adjusted himself to the army life.
他很快就适应了军旅生活。比较网站
adapt和adjust
You should adjust your watch. It's five minutes slow.
你应该调准你的手表，它慢五分钟。
I believe that a good hotel must adapt itself to changing times.
我认为一个好的宾馆必须适应潮流。活学活用
(1)补全句子
①她把座椅调到适合她孩子的高度。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ the height of her child.
②她很快使自己适应了这种生活方式。
She soon ________ ________ ________ this way of life.
答案：①adjusted the seat to ②adjusted herself to(2)①She went through a period of emotional________ (adjust)after her company fell into ruins and she finally decided to find a new job.
②The height of the bicycle seat is________(adjust)．
答案：①adjustment 句意：在她的公司倒闭之后，她经历了一段时期的情绪调整，最终决定找一份新工作。adjustment调整；形容词后跟名词。
②adjustable 句意：这辆自行车车座的高度可以调节。adjustable意为“可调整的；可调节的”，符合句意。5．lay vt.放置；铺设 vt.下(蛋)；产卵
①He laid the book on the bookshelf a moment ago.
他刚才把这本书放在了书架上。
②He laid the new carpet on the floor yesterday.
昨天他把新地毯铺在了地板上。
温馨提示：lie(躺)；lie(撒谎)；lay的区别如下表：记忆要决：
有规则的撒撒谎，(作“撒谎”讲时，变化符合规则)
不规则的放和躺，(作“放”和“躺”讲时，变化不符合规则)
现在放乃过去躺，(作“放”讲时的现在式即原形和作“躺”讲时的过去式是同一词)
放与撒谎变同样，(作“放”和“撒谎”讲时，变化特点一样如：lied, lied, laid, laid。而作“躺，位于”讲时则不同)活学活用
There was an oil painting________(lay) in the corner. It ________(lay) there for several days.
答案：lying; had lain 句意为：在那个角落里有一张油画，它在那儿好几天了。第一空作定语修饰painting。可用两种形式：一是lying，是lie的现在分词，表示状态；二是laid，是lay(放置)的过去分词，与painting是被动关系。第二空只能填had lain, lain是lie表示“躺，位于”时的过去分词，没有被动形式。6．participate vi.参加，参与
①He often participates in activities after class.
他经常参加课外活动。
②I participate in your suffering and joy.
我跟你同甘共苦。
温馨提示：participate通常与in连用
知识拓展
participate with sb. in sth.与某人分担……
participate in sth.＝take part in参加
participate in sth. with sb.同某人参与某事
participant n．参加者；共享者
participation n．参与；分担；共享比较网站
participate in, attend, join, take part in, join in活学活用
(1)选词语并用其适当形式填空(participate in/take part in/attend/join/join in)．
①They all ________________ the competition.
②At the age of eight, he ________________ a group of child dancers.
③He didn't ________________ school yesterday because of his illness.
④Zhou Enlai ________________ the student movements actively when he was at school.⑤The children ________________ the English evening and had a good time.
答案：①participated in ②joined ③attend ④took part in ⑤joined in
(2)The students are participating________ a discussion on how to save water.
答案：in 句意为“学生们正在参与一个关于怎样节水的讨论”。participate in sth.“参加某种活动”符合题意。7．otherwise conj.否则；不然 adv.用别的方法；其他方面；除此以外
①The collection is a good draw that brings visitors who might not come otherwise.
收藏很吸引人，不然就没这么多人来参观了。
②He says it's genuine, but we think otherwise.
他说这是真理，但我们不这样认为。
③The soup was cold, but it was otherwise an excellent meal.
除了汤是凉的以外，那顿饭菜是很好的。温馨提示：otherwise常用在虚拟语气中，替代非真实条件句；另外“祈使句＋otherwise＋陈述句”句型也是高考的重点。如：
We were delayed at the airport. Otherwise we would have been here by lunch time.
我们在机场被耽搁了，不然的话我们午饭时就到了。活学活用
(1)These national parks are very important for preserving animals, which would ________ run the risk of becoming endangered.
答案：otherwise
(2)完成句子
We don't know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise we ________ ________ ________(give) you a hand.
答案：would have given8．privilege n．特权；特别优待 vt.给予……的优惠/特权
Education should be a universal right and not a privilege.
教育应是全民的权利而非部分人享有的特权。
知识拓展
privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的
It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。
have the privilege to do/of doing sth.有特权做某事
I hope to have the privilege to work with you.
我希望有幸与你合作。
These policies privilege the children of wealthy parents.
这些政策特别优待富家子弟。
活学活用
补全句子
只有本旅馆内的客人才享有在九楼打保龄球的特权。
Only guests of the hotel enjoy ________ ________ ________ bowling on the 9th floor.
答案：the privilege of
9．arrangement n．安排；排列
①The secretary has made the arrangement of the time and place for the meeting.
秘书为这次会议时间和地点做好了安排。
②We have finished all the arrangements for the party.
我们已经完成晚会的所有安排工作。知识拓展
come to an arrangement谈妥；达成协议
make arrangement for为……做好准备；为……做好安排
make arrangement with sb.与(某人)商定或约好，(和某人)达成协议；做好准备；做出安排
arrange v．安排，排列，协商
arrange(for sb./sth.)to do sth.安排(某人/某物)做某事
arrange with sb. to do sth.和某人商定做某事活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
Our manager made a special________(arrange)to discuss our progress in sales once a week.
答案：arrangement 句意：我们经理每周做一次特别的安排来讨论我们的销售业绩。make an arrangement to do sth.安排做某事。
(2)—I hear that you will be on travel again.
—Yeah. My boss arranged ________ me to discuss business details with someone from another company.
答案：for1.hear from接到……的信
I look forward to hearing from her.
我盼望着收到她的信。
知识拓展
hear about/of听说；听到；听到说起
hear that...听人说起……
hear sb. do sth.听到某人做了某事
hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事I've never heard of anyone doing a thing like that.
我从来没听说有人会做这种事。
We often hear the couple quarrel. And this morning when I was passing by, I heard them quarreling again.
我们经常听到这对夫妇吵架，今天早上我路过时又再次听到他们吵架的声音。
温馨提示：hear from后面只能接表示人的名词或代词，不可接某人的信(letter)作宾语。“收到某人的信”可用get a letter from sb.来表示。活学活用
补全句子
(1)Do you often ________ ________(收到来信) your brother?
(2)I have never ________ ________(听说) such a foolish person before.
答案：(1)hear from (2)heard of/about2．(be)dying to do极想；渴望
①I'm dying to chat with you online again.
我极想和你再次在网上聊天。
②The students are dying to know the result of the exam.
学生们正渴望知道考试结果。
知识拓展
(1)be dying for/to do sth.极想/渴望(做)某事；迫切想要(做)某事
(2)同义表达还有：
be eager for/to do sth.
be thirsty for sth.desire to do sth.
have a strong desire for sth.
long for/to do sth.
She was dying/eager/thirsty for a holiday to relax herself.
她非常渴望一个假期来放松一下自己。
Out of curiosity, I'm eager to know the truth.
出于好奇，我渴望知道事情真相。
活学活用
(1)①Jerry ________ ________ ________(渴望) be a pianist.
②I'm so thirsty that I ________ ________ ________(渴望得到) a cup of tea.
答案：①is dying to ②am dying for(2)①Now I'm hungry and ________(die)for a big meal; I had breakfast too early this morning.
②After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, Chinese astronauts are dying________walk in space.
答案：①dying 句意：现在我饿了，极想吃顿大餐。今天早晨我早饭吃得太早了。be dying for sth.渴望得到某物。
②to 句意：杨利伟成功绕地球飞行之后，中国宇航员们渴望在太空行走。考查固定结构。be dying to do sth.极想做某事。3．the other day不久前的一天
I saw Tom at the bank the other day.
几天前我在银行见到过汤姆。
知识拓展
one day(将来或过去的)某一天
some day(将来的)某一天
day by day一天天地，强调变化
day after day日复一日，强调重复
another day改天；另一天
by day白天里
One day I met a friend of mine in the street. He told me he would come to see me another day. So I have been expecting him day after day.
一天我在街上遇到了我的一个朋友，他告诉我改天再来看我。因此我就每天盼着他来。比较网站
the other day, one day, some day, another day活学活用
(1)________ ________ ________(不久前的一天) the researchers caught a special seal in the sea near the Antarctic; however, they were not aware of how old it was.
答案：The other day the other day“不久前的一天”，指过去的某一天，用于一般过去时态。
(2)—What about going to the cinema this weekend?
—I'd love to, but I have a lot to deal with. Let's make it________ ________(改天)．
答案：another day 句意为：“这周末去看电影怎样？”“我想去，但有很多事情要处理，改天吧。”another day改天，符合语境。4．come across偶然遇见；被理解
I came across an American on the way home, whose words did not really come across.
我在回家的路上偶然遇见一个美国人，但他的话我没能真正理解。
知识拓展
come about产生；发生
come out出版；出来；开花(无被动)
come to达到
come into being产生；形成
how come怎么会
I don't know how the differences came about.
我不知道这种差异是如何产生的。
If she spent five years in Paris, how come she can't speak a word of French?
她如果在巴黎待了五年，怎么一句法语都不会说呢？活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)The book which came ________ at the end of last year turned out to be a great success in Shanghai.
答案：out
(2)—Alvin, are you coming with us?
—I'd love to, but something unexpected has come ________.
答案：up 句意：——艾维，你和我们一起走么？——我想去，但出现了未预料到的事情。现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响。此处表示未预料到的事情发生了，使得我不能走。5．make a difference产生差别，有影响，起重要作用
Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.
你们的支持对我们的事业肯定是有影响的。
比较网站
make no/a little/much/some difference没有/有一点/有很大/有一些差别
make a difference between区分……
tell the difference between分辨……的差别The rain didn't make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大影响。
It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
不管他去或是不去，对我都没有影响。
Does it make any difference which side will win?
哪边赢有关系吗？
温馨提示：注意difference前常用a, some, little, much, no, any等修饰。活学活用
(1)补全句子
①这场雪对他打篮球没多大影响。
The snow didn't ________ ________ ________ to his playing basketball.
②你是去是留对我来说都无所谓。
It ________ ________ ________ to me whether you go or stay.
答案：①make much difference ②makes no difference
(2)(2015真题改编·天津)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't________sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
答案：make 句意：看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。考查动词短语的固定搭配：make sense有意义。6．dry out(使浸水等之物)完全变干，干透
①We waited for our wet clothes to dry out.
我们等着我们的湿衣服晾干。
②Don't leave the vegetable on the table, or it will dry out.
不要把蔬菜放在桌子上，否则它会变干的。
知识拓展
dry up(河流、井等)干涸
dry off(使)变干
The pond dried up in the summer.
那个池塘在夏天干涸了。
The swimmer dried off in the hot sun.
游泳的人在烈日下晒干身体。比较网站
dry out，dry up活学活用
(1)用适当的介词或副词填空
①The paint should have dried ________ by this time tomorrow.
②His imagination seems to have dried ________.
答案：①out ②up
(2)补全句子
经常给植物浇水，别让土壤干透了。
Water the plant regularly, never ________ ________ ________ ______ ________.
答案：letting the soil dry out1.Well, it's a bush school—the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass.
它是一所丛林学校——教室是用竹子搭起来的，屋顶是用茅草盖的。
(1)本句是一个简单句，破折号后面的内容起解释说明作用。roofs与of grass之间省略了are made。(2)句中的be made of意为“由……制成”(能够直接看出原材料)。如：
The table is made of wood.
这桌子是用木头做的。
The overcoat is made of leather.
这件大衣是用皮革做的。
知识拓展
(1)be made from由……制成(无法看出原材料)。如：
Wine is made from grapes.
葡萄酒是用葡萄酿制的。(2)be made in表示“在……地方制造”。如：
He bought his wife a skirt in America, but when he got home, he found that it was made in China.
他在美国给妻子买了条裙子，但回家后他发现裙子是在中国制造的。
(3)be made into是make...into的被动形式，表示“被制成……”。如：
We're making our attic into an extra bedroom.
我们正在把阁楼改装成一间额外的卧室。
(4)be made up of由……组成，相当于consist of。如：
The medical team is made up of ten doctors.
这支医疗队由10位大夫组成。
(5)be made by由……制作(by后接制造者)
(6)be made out of由……制成；用……改制而成活学活用
(1)汉译英
①他很快地就用这些木材造出一条船。
_______________________________________________
②长城是由石头和砖头砌成的
_______________________________________________
答案：①He made the wood into a boat quickly.
②The Great Wall is made of stones and bricks.
(2)Nowadays furniture________(make) of wood costs more than that of other materials.
答案：made 句意：现今木制家具比其他材料的家具贵。过去分词短语made of...在此作后置定语。2．The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!
有一天，我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒泡了！
(1)when是并列连词，连接两个并列分句。before I knew it是时间状语。本句为“was/were doing＋when＋一般过去时”句式，意为“正在做……就在这时……”；when为并列连词，意为“正在这时”。
①I was doing my homework when my mother came back home.
当妈妈回家的时候我正在写作业。
②The children were playing football on the playground when it began to rain.
孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时下起了雨。知识拓展
be about to do...when...(某人)正要做……这时(突然)…… 如：
I was about to go out when Tom came in.
我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。
(2)本句中before用作连词，意思是“在……之前；还没来得及……就”。如：
Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.
不要高兴得过早。(如意算盘别打得太早。)
Before she could move, she heard a great noise, which grew to a terrible roar.
她还没来得及动弹，就听见有很响的声音，接着就成了可怕的隆隆轰鸣声。
Before I could say a word, she had stormed out of the room.
不等我说一句话，她就冲出了房间。before还可以用于：
①It＋be＋时间段＋before...句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”。如：
It will be five years before I come back.
我五年后才能回来。
It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their
country.
不久之后，敌人就被赶走了。②如果主句中用否定式，则表示“不多久……就”。如：
It won't be long before they understand each other.
他们不久就会互相了解的。
③“趁……(还没有)”之意。如：
They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.
他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
Do it before you forget it.
趁早动手，以免忘了。活学活用
(1)汉译英
我正在弹钢琴时，电话铃响了。
_______________________________________________
答案：I was playing the piano when the telephone rang.
(2)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.
答案：when 考查时间状语从句。句意：有个星期五，我们正收拾行囊准备外出度周末时，突然间女儿听到了求救声。“was/were doing... when...”为固定句式，表示“正在做……时突然……”。(3)The girl had hardly rung the bell________the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
答案：before 考查连词。根据“had hardly rung the bell”和“the door was opened”的发生先后，可以得出答案。句意为：女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然打开了。她的朋友们一拥而上去欢迎她。
(4)(2015真题改编·天津) We need to get to the root of the problem________we can solve it.
答案：before 句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。before 在……之前，符合文意。3．Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.
有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些学生们究竟有多大的用处，他们中的大多数人上完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。
本句是一个复合句，wonder后跟的是how引导的宾语从句。most of whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰students, most of whom是“名词/代词/数词＋of＋关系代词”结构，在语意上相当于most of them。如：Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of which was very reasonable.
最近我买了一个古老的中国花瓶，它的价格很合理。
She has two sons, both of whom are serving in the army.
她有两个儿子，都在部队服役。
There're sixty students in my class, 80% of whom are from the mountain villages.
我的班里有60位学生，80%来自山村。
活学活用
补全句子
The old couple have two children, ________________(两个孩子都不)able to come to see them when they feel lonely, however.
答案：neither of whom is4．To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
说实在的，我真的不知道我(教的课)是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
句中to be honest是不定式作插入语，表示“说实在的”。如：
To be honest, I don't agree with you.
说实话，我不同意你所说的。知识拓展
用作插入语的不定式常见的有：
to tell the truth老实说
to be brief简言之
to be exact确切地说
to be frank坦率地说
to be sure肯定地说
活学活用
________________(说实话), the pay isn't attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.
答案：To be honest5．You asked whether I'm getting to know any local people.
你问我是否了解当地的老百姓。
get to＋喜好/认识，表示渐变的过程。如：
①I got to realize how important the happy life was as I grew older.
随着年龄的增长，我逐渐意识到幸福生活的重要性。
②I got to like the flat we were going to move in.
我逐渐地喜欢上我们即将搬进去的公寓。
③He got to know why his granny kept the photo so carefully.
他渐渐地知道了他奶奶那么小心地保存这张相片的原因。
活学活用
汉译英
莎莉逐渐意识到她母亲为她做的一切。
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
答案：Sally got to realize what her mother did for her.6．But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.
不过，上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教师真的去访问了一个村庄，那是我的学生汤贝的家。
did在句中起强调作用，表示“的确；确实”。英语中，如果需要强调谓语，常用助动词do, does或did置于谓语动词之前，此时谓语动词要用原形。“do/does/did＋动词原形”这种强调句中只有一般现在时和一般过去时，且只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，没有否定式和疑问式。do在句中要重读。注意在祈使句中使用时，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。如：Do be careful！千万要小心！
Do come on Sunday.务必星期天来。
I do hope you have a merry Christmas!
衷心祝福你圣诞快乐！
He does speak English well.
他英语说得确实很好。
They did go to see you yesterday, but failed to meet you.
他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。
活学活用
补全句子
如果你有了一份工作，一定要付出努力去做它，最后你将成功。
If you have a job, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ and finally you'll succeed.
答案：do devote yourself to it7．We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
我们走了两个半小时到那儿。先爬到山脊，在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景，然后下了一个陡坡到了下面的山谷。
(1)句子结构分析：(2)句中的from where we had fantastic views为定语从句，引导词为from where，为“介词＋关系副词”结构，相当于from the place where。此结构中的where根据情况可换为when。该结构中的介词可用from，to，since等。
①I have bought that house, from where I can enjoy the beautiful scene of Yangpu Bridge.
我买下了那栋房子，从房子那可以欣赏到杨浦大桥的美景。
②Our family came to Shenzhen and settled in 1985，since when we have lived there.
我们家1985年来到深圳定居，从此我们一直住在那儿。活学活用
完成句子。
(1)我们爬上层顶，从那儿可以很好地欣赏城市美景。
We went up to the roof, ________ ________ we had a good view of the city.
(2)我们一星期前来到这里，从那时起天气一直不好。
We came a week ago, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：(1)from where (2)since when the weather has been bad
8．When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee ieee”．
当我们到达村庄的时候，汤贝的母亲齐亚克本来在园子里拔草。看到我们就“嗳矣，嗳矣”地叫了起来。本句中when引导一个时间状语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰Tombe's mother, Kiak。had been pulling...是过去完成进行时，其构成是“had been＋现在分词(doing)”，表示在过去某时或者某个动作之前一直进行的动作，暗示该动作持续到过去某时或过去某个动作发生时，且还可能持续下去。句中常含有by引出的时间状语、before或when引导的从句(从句用一般过去时)、表示一段时间的状语(如for hours, all day)等。如：Before you came here, I had been painting the living room all day.
在你来这里之前，我一整天都在粉刷起居室。
It had been raining for two days. The fields were all under water.
雨一直下了两天，田地全被淹了。
Nobody knew what this fellow had been doing all these days.
没人知道这个家伙这些天一直在干什么。
活学活用
(真题改编·福建)The girl has a great interest in sport and ________(take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
答案：has been taking9．There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through.
这里没有窗户，房门只够一个人进出。
big enough to get through“是adj./adv.＋enough＋to do”结构。enough修饰名词时，可放在该名词前面，也可放在该名词后面。如：
The ice is hard enough to skate on.
冰足够坚硬，可以在上面滑冰。
He didn't run fast enough to catch the train.
他跑得不够快，没赶上火车。
We have enough food(food enough)for everyone.
我们有足够的食物供大家吃。活学活用
补全句子
我们只有100美元，它怎么也不够买一台新电脑的。
We only had $100 and that was________ ________ ________ to buy a new computer.
答案：nowhere near enough 考查副词用法。nowhere near是固定短语，意思是“差得远；远不及”，相当于一个形容词，enough作副词用，修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在被修饰词的后面。10．When hot, he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato), corn and greens.
待(石块)烧热之后，他把它们连同考考(红薯)、玉米和青菜一起放进一个空的油桶中。
(1)When hot是承前省略，完整的句子应是：
When the stones were hot...。
(2)状语从句的省略原则：
一般情况下，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be时，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。①When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano.
她很小的时候，就开始学习弹钢琴。
②If (it is) true, this will cause us a lot of trouble.
如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。
巧学助记
状语从句省略口诀
省略句，真容易，符合两条就可以；
从句谓语含有be，两句主语一样的；
从句若有it be，照样省去不迟疑；
选择-ed或-ing，主动被动变仔细。活学活用
(1)(2015真题改编·北京)If ________(accept)for the job, you'll be informed soon.
答案：accepted 句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语you，与accept构成被动关系，用过去分词accepted。
(2)用省略句补全下列句子
①________ ________(离开前)，turn off all the lights.
②You should stay where you are, ________ ________ ________ ________(除非叫你离开)．
答案：①Before leaving ②unless asked to leave11．I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate in the conversation.
他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交谈，我很喜欢听他们的谈话，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。
句中的even though引导一个让步状语从句。主句为前面的I loved listening to...，其中动名词短语listening to...作宾语，后面的现在分词短语talking to each other作宾语补足语。提示：even though(if)引导的让步状语从句，其主从句谓语可以用陈述语气说明事实或可能成为事实，也可以用虚拟语气说明与事实相反情况或不可能成为事实的情况。如：
Even though Bruce gets accepted to Harvard, his family isn't able to afford the expensive tuition.
即使布鲁斯被哈佛大学录取，他家也付不起那昂贵的学费。
Even though the poisoned man had been treated in the hospital, he wouldn't have been saved.
即使那个中毒的人在医院得到治疗，他也不会被救活。活学活用
(1)(真题改编·四川)He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even ________ he wants to.
答案：if/though 本题考查连词的用法。even if/though即使。
(2)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______(即使)they knew it to be valuable.
答案：even though/ifⅠ.单词拼写
1．Study harder from now on.O______，you will fall behind.
2．Have you heard of the________(相关的) report?
3．Only the members have the________(特权) of using the sports facilities.
4．The new________(布置) of the furniture changed the atmosphere of the room.
5．Do you know how a(n)________(宇航员)flies in a spacecraft?
6．An officer climbed onto the________(平台)and spoke to him.7．I cannot understand so abstract c______.
8．He tried to a______ his daily plan to leave time for everything.
9．In this quiet way, the first________(两星期)of her visit soon passed away.
10．What things do you do w________ or monthly, but not every day?
答案：1.Otherwise 2.relevant 3.privilege 4.arrangement
5．astronaut 6.platform 7.concept 8.adjust 9.fortnight
10．weeklyⅡ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．She continued to care for her father ________ to the time of his death.
2．If you have time, pay a visit ________ the local museum.
3．I tried to lead the discussion back ________ the main issue.
4．________ exams approaching, it's a good idea to review your class notes.
5．He had to buy a new sofa for his son to sleep ________.
6．Bob told Jess he wanted to share his life ________ her.7．Some animals have a remarkable ability to adapt ________ changing environments.
8．Community schools provide good quality education______ children who would________have no opportunity to attend school.
9．You can use the cars ________any special occasion.
10．Walking is beneficial________our health.
答案：1.up 2.to 3.to 4.With 5.on 6.with 7.to 8.for; otherwise 9.for 10.to
4．Whoever ________ himself quickly ________ the new situations will make rapid progress.
5．The children are encouraged to ________ outdoor activities.
答案：1.hear from 2.was dying to 3.the other day 4.adjusts；to 5.participate inUnit 4 Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ.选择适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1．Please pass me the book ________ is lying on the table.
2．We shouldn't spend our money testing so many people, most of ________ are healthy.
3．There is a gentleman ________ wants to see you.
4．This is the room in ________ we lived last year.
5．The reason ________ we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
6．I'll never forget the day ________ the terrible earthquake happened.
7．This is the only chance ________ he can catch to make a change.
8．She is the only one ________ advice he might listen to.
9．A stone was put up over the place ________ he was buried.
10．We are facing the same problems ________ we did years ago.
答案：1.that/which 2.whom 3.who 4.which 5.why 6.when 7.that 8.whose 9.where 10.as
Ⅱ.用限制性定语从句连接两个句子
1．I invited the boys. Some of the boys didn't come.
________________________________________________________________________
2．We are living in an age. Many things are done on computers in the age.
________________________________________________________________________
3．A modern city has been set up in the place. The place was a wasteland ten years ago.
________________________________________________________________________
4．Working conditions are difficult in the place. I'd like to go there.
________________________________________________________________________
5．He often helps the students. He thinks they are not quick at their studies.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.Some of the boys whom/who/that I invited didn't come. 或I invited the boys, some of whom didn't come.
2．We are living in an age when many things are done on computers.
3．A modern city has been set up in the place which was a wasteland ten years ago.
4．I'd like to go to the place where working conditions are difficult.
5．He often helps the students who he thinks are not quick at their studies.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people__1__I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a__2__person.
I think my__3__started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my__4__and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever__5__to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really__6__. It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n)__7__.I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I__8__to help. That was really a big__9__for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of__10__are still my best friends today.
A bigger cause of my new__11__， however, came when I took a part-time job at Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer's disease became my__12__. Every time I came into her room, she was so__13__because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never__14__her, so I took her place. She let me__15__that making others feel good made me feel good too. When she died, I was__16__， but I was also very grateful to her.
I think I am a much__17__person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not__18__these experiences. They have__19__me to care about other people more than about myself. I__20__who I am today, and I could not say that a few years ago.
文章大意：作者以前是一个以自我为中心的人，后来的一些经历教会了她如何关心别人。
1．A.since B．before
C．or D．unless
答案：B 作者以前是一个以自我为中心的人，但是现在变了。以自我为中心的人总是先为自己考虑，既然现在变了，就会先考虑别人，所以填before。
2．A.famous B．simple
C．different D．skilled
答案：C 作者以前以自己为中心，现在知道考虑别人了，所以她与以前的自己不同了，故选different。
3．A.education B．career
C．tour D．change
答案：D 根据下文可知，作者通过讲述事实来说明自己是何时开始改变的，所以填change。
4．A.balance B．homework
C．degree D．interest
答案：C 根据上文的Palomar College和动词get可知，此处应选degree“学位”。
5．A.talked B．wrote
C．lied D．reported
答案：A 作者自以为比其他人都聪明，所以几乎不与班里的任何人“交谈”。
6．A.careful B．lonely
C．curious D．guilty
答案：B 根据下文的“好像除了我之外其他人都交了朋友，他们都很愉快”可知，作者没交到朋友，所以感到“孤独”。
7．A.argument B．game
C．experiment D．defence
答案：C 作者感到孤独，所以就开始尝试一个试验。根据语境可知应填experiment。
8．A.dared B．offered
C．hesitated D．happened
答案：B 作者开始询问周围的人，如果有困难，她会“提供”帮助。
9．A.dream B．problem
C．duty D．step
答案：D 作者以前几乎从不和班里任何人交流，而现在却主动询问别人有什么困难，是否需要帮助，这对她来说是迈出了一大步，所以填step。
10．A.us B．which
C．them D．whom
答案：C 分析语境和句子结构可知，空处用来指代前面的several new friends，且有并列连词and，所以填them。
11．A.attitude B．hobby
C．hope D．luck
答案：A 作者从几乎不和班里任何人交流到主动询问别人有什么困难，是否需要帮助，是“态度”的转变。
12．A.friend B．partner
C．guide D．guest
答案：A 根据下文可知，这位老太太把作者当成自己的女儿，她让作者明白让别人开心也会使自己开心，作者把她当成了“朋友”。
13．A.polite B．happy
C．strange D．confident
答案：B 由于老太太把作者当成了自己的女儿，所以她见到作者很“高兴”。
14．A.bothered B．answered
C．visited D．trusted
答案：C 根据下文的“我代替了她的位置”可知，她的女儿从未“看望”过她。
15．A.explain B．guess
C．declare D．see
答案：D 老太太让作者明白了让别人开心也可以使自己开心。其余三项的意思是“解释”“猜测”“宣布”，都不符合语境。
16．A.homeless B．heartbroken
C．bad-tempered D．hopeless
答案：B 老太太把作者当成自己的女儿，作者也把她当成亲人，所以老太太去世，作者很“伤心”。
17．A.quieter B．busier
C．better D．richer
答案：C 作者以前只知道为自己考虑，现在知道了关心别人，所以与以前相比，作者“好”多了。
18．A.forget B．face
C．improve D．analyze
答案：A 作者希望自己不会“忘记”这些经历。其余三项的意思是“面对”，改善”“分析”，都不符合语境。
19．A.forced B．preferred
C．ordered D．taught
答案：D 这些经历“教会”了作者要去关心他人。
20．A.miss B．like
C．wonder D．expect
答案：B 作者喜欢现在的自己。其余三项的意思是“想念”“琢磨”“期望”，都不符合语境。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make-A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980.“It's a charity(慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true”Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make-A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true—so，with everybody's help, Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a “policeman” for a day. “When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish, ”explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special，happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
文章大意：本文为记叙文。题材为人物故事。讲述了一个19岁的女孩Sophia Giorgi在别人不理解的情况下去Make-A-Wish做志愿者。我们通过和她交谈了解到该基金会的成立和帮助人们实现梦想的行为。
1．Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had________.
A．benefited from it
B．volunteered to help it
C．dreamed about it
D．told the author about it
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“...because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends.(……因为这个特殊的组织曾经帮她一个好朋友实现了梦想。)”可知，因为她的朋友曾受益于这个组织，她对这个组织有所了解。
2．According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish________.
A．is an international charity
B．was understood by nobody at first
C．raises money for very poor families
D．started by drawing the interest of the public
答案：A 细节理解题。第二段第一句话中worldwide(世界范围的)＝international(国际的)。故选A项。
3．What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3?
A．He has been a policeman since he was seven.
B．He gave people the idea of starting Make-A-Wish.
C．He wanted people to help make his dream come true.
D．He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.
答案：B 细节理解题。第三段第一句话是本段的中心句。紧接着就讲到了Chris的事例，所以是Chris给了人们成立这个基金会的想法。
4．Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers?
A．They are important for making wishes come true.
B．They try to help children get over their illnesses.
C．They visit sick children to make them feel special.
D．They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.
答案：A 细节理解题。最后一段最后两句话告诉我们：这个基金会的志愿者非常重要，因为他们是帮助人们实现梦想的人。他们通过提供必需的物品、筹款或者以他们能够做到的任何方式去帮助人们。A项与此相符。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment__1__(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me __2__the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man __3__(sit) at the front. He__4__(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be__5__(mental) disabled.
Behind him were other people to__6__he was trying to talk, but after some minutes__7__walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.
I didn't want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn't like leaving him__8__his own either.
After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had__9__amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.
I'm glad I made a choice. It made__10__of us feel good.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.later 2.till/until 3.sitting/sit 4.was pretending 5.mentally 6.whom 7.they 8.on 9.an 10.both
Ⅵ.书面表达
(2015·四川卷)
假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon 在网上发贴，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1．表达给她提供帮助的意愿；
2．说明你能胜任辅导的理由；
3．给出讲好普通话的两点建议；
4．提出你学习英语的具体需求。
注意：
1．词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．文中不得透漏个人姓名和学校名称。
Hi Sharon，
This is Li Xia. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarm. ______
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Li Xia
参考范文
Hi_Sharon，
This_is_Li_Xia._I_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_improve_your_Mandarin. I am quite interested in it. I think I'm fit for it. As a student, I have been learning Mandarin for many years. In addition, I am Chinese, which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life. So I'm quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.
Learning Mandarin takes time, so if you want to learn it well, you should spend much time practicing Mandarin everyday. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. Besides, you can also read some books in Chinese，see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes. Speaking and listening are very important for a language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress.
In your post, you say you can teach English as a reward. It is just what I want. I'm eager to improve my English. So, if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin, you can also help me improve my English. We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese, so that we can improve our oral speaking.
Hope for you early reply!
Li_Xia
课件53张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7SharingUnit 4Section Ⅱ Learning about LanguageUnit 4Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．________n．烤面包片；干杯→________v．烤(面包等)；敬酒
2．________v．完成→__________adv.完全地
Ⅱ.短语自查
1．要是……，会怎样？____________
2．找到，发现____________toasttoastcompletecompletelyWhat if...？find outⅢ.语法练习
用适当的关系词填空
1．Thanks for your letter, ________took a fortnight to arrive.
2．The boys________had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.
3．I've read all the books________are not mine.
4．The man________I spoke to was a foreigner.
5．She lost the book________cover was blue.
6．The school________he once studied is very famous.7．Is this the reason________he refused our offer?
8．There are occasions________one must yield.
9．They need a plant________didn't need as much water as rice.
10．Shandong is the place in________I was born.
答案：1.which 2.who/that 3.that 4.who/whom/that
5．whose 6.where 7.why 8.when 9.that/which
10．whichtoast vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒 n．烤面包片；吐司面包；干杯
①Please toast the bread please.
请把面包烤一下。
②The wedding guests toasted the bride and bridegroom.
婚礼客人向新娘和新郎敬酒。
③He is eating a piece of toast.他在吃烤面包。
④Let's drink a toast to the newly elected chairman!
让我们为新当选的主席干杯！
知识拓展
toast sb./sth.为……干杯
two slices of toast两片烤面包
drink a toast to sb./sth.为某人/某事干杯活学活用
Ladies and gentlemen, I'd like to propose a toast ________ the bride and the groom.
答案：to 句意：女士们、先生们，我提议为新娘新郎干杯。propose a toast to sb.意为“提议为某人干杯”。这种表达方式用于较正式的场合。She see him again but what if he didn't want to see her?
她又看到他，但是，如果他不想见她怎么办？
what if如果……，会怎么样呢？表示一种条件假设。
What if you should fail?
假如你失败了该怎么办呢？
What if the earthquake happens?
如果发生地震怎么办？知识拓展
what for为何目的？
So what那又怎样？那有什么了不起？
—I hear you have just got a new car.
我听说你刚买了辆新车。
—Yes, so what?
是的，那又怎样？活学活用
(1)(真题改编·天津)—Mary's been offered a job in a university, but she doesn't want to take it.
—________(但是为什么)? It's a very good chance.
答案：But why 本题考查情景对话。“玛丽得到一份在大学的工作，但她不想接。”由下句“________？那是个好机会啊。”可知是不理解她的选择，故问“为什么(不想接)”，所以填But why?
(2)—________if I fail to return the books on time?
—They won't lend you the books again.
答案：What what if为固定搭配，意思是“如果……，会怎么样呢？”，相当于What will happen if...。句意为：“如果逾期不还书的话会怎么样？”“他们不会再借给你书。”复习定语从句
Ⅰ.概念
1．定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词，叫做关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：①连接定语从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。
4．定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。
Ⅱ.关系代词的基本用法
1．that的用法
that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。
She is the girl(that)you want to know.(作宾语，指人)
她是你想认识的女孩。Do you like the book(that)you borrowed yesterday？(作宾语，指物)
你喜欢你昨天借的那本书吗？
This is the factory that produces cars.(作主语，指物)
这是制造小汽车的工厂。
典题赏析
(1)(真题改编·陕西)Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.
答案：that/which2．which的用法
which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。
A chemist's shop is a shop which sells medicine.(which作主语)
药店是卖药的商店。
The building which they are building will be finished next month.(作宾语)
他们正在建的大楼下月将完成。典题赏析
(2)(真题改编·重庆)We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.
答案：that/which
(3)(真题改编·江苏)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
答案：which3．who的用法
who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。
The man who is talking to our teacher is Tom's brother.(作主语)
正同我们老师谈话的人是汤姆的兄弟。典题赏析
(4)(真题改编·湖南)Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
答案：who 考查定语从句引导词。句意：快乐与成功会伴随那些对自己的能力有很多认识的人们。先行词those指人，定语从句又缺少主语，所以用who。
4．whom的用法
whom指人，是who的宾格形式，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中可用who或that代替。
The lady whom you are looking for is in the office.(作宾语)
你在找的女士在办公室里。
典题赏析
(5)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.
答案：whom 句意：这个住宅区是将近一千人的家园，他们当中一些人离开他们农村的家到城市里寻找一种更好的生活。先行词是people，指人，且作介词of的宾语，故用whom。5．whose的用法
whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指人时，相当于of whom；指物时，相当于of which。
This is the scientist whose name is known to all over the world.(指人)
这就是那位世界闻名的科学家。
She lives in a house whose window faces the sea.(指物)
她住在一座窗户面向大海的房子里。典题赏析
(6)(真题改编·山东)A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
答案：whose 考查定语从句。句意：一个来自国内市场利润正在下降的公司或许会寻求国外的机会。由句意可知，此处用“whose ＋名词”引导定语从句。6．as的用法
as既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语。它常用在the same...as..., such...as..., as...as...等句型中，as不能省略。
I want to have such a computer as he has.(as作宾语)
我想有一台和他一样的电脑。
I'll buy the same dictionary as you have.(作宾语，指物)
我打算买一本和你的一样的词典。Ⅲ.关系副词的基本用法
关系副词when, why, where在定语从句中分别作时间、原因、地点状语，且可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。
I'll never forget the time when we worked together on the farm.(when指时间)
我将永远不会忘记我们一起在农场工作的日子。
Sanya is the place where she was born.(where指地点)
三亚是她出生的地方。
I don't know the reason why he was refused.(why指原因)
我不知道他被拒绝的原因。典题赏析
(7)(真题改编·福建)Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.
答案：where 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为activities(活动)，且从句中缺少作状语的引导词，故填where。句意为：学生们应该参加社区服务活动，在这些活动中他们能够获得成长的经历。(8)(真题改编·湖南)I am looking forward to the day ________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
答案：when 考查定语从句。先行词是day，关系词在从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when。(9)(真题改编·浙江)I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
答案：when 本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我直到五年级才成为一个严肃的攀爬者，那时我去救一个挂在树上的风筝。分析结构可知，此处考查的是定语从句的引导词，先行词fifth grade为表示时间的名词，后面从句缺少状语，用when引导。(10)(2015真题改编·天津)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere________his employees enjoy their work.
答案：where 句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
(11) (2015真题改编·浙江)Creating an atmosphere ________employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
答案：where 句意：创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战。这是一个定语从句，in the atmosphere“在氛围中”是一个固定搭配。此处填where。
(12)(真题改编·四川)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.
答案：where 本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。先行词是environment为物(抽象地点)，而且定语从句中不缺少主语，live在此为不及物动词，故填where(＝in which)。Ⅳ.由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
此结构中的关系代词主要是which和whom，即“介词＋which/whom”，先行词为人时用“whom”，先行词为物时用which。
Here are the questions, some of which I thought difficult.
就是这些问题，我认为其中一些很难。
He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.
他有两个儿子，都是老师。
典题赏析
(13)(2015真题改编·安徽)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon________school education depends.
答案：which 句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。depend on/upon依靠，依赖，先行词为the fundamental skill，故填which。[点津]
the＋n.＋of which/whom＝of which/whom＋the＋n.＝whose＋n.
I bought a car yesterday the color of which is white.
＝I bought a car yesterday of which the color is white.
＝I bought a car yesterday whose color is white.
昨天我买了一辆白色的小汽车。Ⅴ.关系代词的特别用法典题赏析
(14)(真题改编·江西)Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
答案：which/that 考查定语从句。句意：在水手们不得不面对的危险当中，可能最大的危险就是雾。many dangers为先行词，在后面定语从句中作face的宾语，用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。Ⅵ.定语从句常见错误
1．缺先行词
Is this school that you visited last year?
(该句缺先行词，应在“school”后面加上“the one”)
2．缺引导词
Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.
(应在“Children”后面加上“who”，关系代词作主语时不能省略)
3．成分重复
This is the village that I lived in it years ago.
(that和it句子成分重复，应去掉“it”)4．谓语单复数确定不当
He is the only one of the students who know French.
(先行词为the only one，定语从句的谓语动词know应为单数knows)
Mr Black, who are at the gate, is waiting for you.
(先行词为Mr Black, who指Mr Black，谓语动词用单数is)
5．关系代词省略不当
This is the girl from I learned the news.
(在有介词提前的定语从句中不能省略关系代词，from后面应加上whom)把两个简单句合成一个含有定语从句的复合句
1．He said this was the best article. The article had been written by the writer.
_______________________________________________
2．Where is the boy? The boy's arm was hurt by the window.
_______________________________________________
3．The first English novel was a novel by Mark Twain. The novel aroused his interest.
_______________________________________________4．The student is from our class. The student won first prize in the English contest.
_______________________________________________
5．Who doesn't admire the film? The person has seen the film.
_______________________________________________
6．The baby looks healthy. She is taking care of the baby.
_______________________________________________
7．What's that? It flashed in the sky just now.
_______________________________________________8．Such a film is not suitable for children. The film was shown in the cinema yesterday.
_______________________________________________
9．Don't make the same mistake. The six blind men made the mistake.
_______________________________________________
10．He spoke of the workers and the factories. He had visited the workers and the factories.
_______________________________________________答案：1.He said this was the best article that had been written by the writer.
2．Where is the boy whose arm was hurt by the window?
3．The first English novel that aroused his interest was a novel by Mark Twain.
4．The student who/that won first prize in the English contest is from our class.
5．Who that has seen the film doesn't admire the film?6．The baby(who/whom) she is taking care of looks healthy.
7．What's that which flashed in the sky just now?
8．Such a film as was shown in the cinema yesterday is not suitable for children.
9. Don't make the same mistake as the six blind men did.
10．He spoke of the workers and the factories that he had visited.Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1．There are many storybooks here，and Robinson Crusoe is the best one ________I've ever read.
2．The boy didn't pass the English exam, ________made his parents angry.
3．I searched all the town for the same necklace________you are wearing now, but could not find any.
4．My English tutor，Mr Black，________I admire, will return home soon.5．He is such a good singer ________ is loved by everyone.
6．Who are the persons ________ got onto the moon in 1969?
7．The two countries are neighbours________friendship will last forever.
8．This is the jeep________I drove in across a large desert.
9．He stood at the top of the mountain, from________he could have a very beautiful sight of the surrounding area.
10．Taiwan belongs to China，________is known to all.
答案：1.that 2.which 3.as 4.whom 5.as 6.that 7.whose 8.which 9.where 10.as/whichⅡ.用适当的关系词来完成句子
1．The place________________(使我最感兴趣的)was the Children's Palace.
2．Do you know the man_____________(我与之交谈的)?
3．This is the hotel___________(他们逗留的)last month.
4．Do you know the year____________(我们一起生活)?
5．This is the day______________(我将永远不会忘记的)．
6．The factory________________(我们下周将要参观的)is not far from here.
7．Is there anyone in your class_______(他的家庭在乡村)?
8．He isn't such a man________________(他过去的样子)．答案：1.which interested me most
2．who/whom I talked with
3．where they stayed
4．when we lived together
5．which/that I'll never forget
6．which/that we'll visit next week
7．whose family is in the country
8．as he used to beUnit 4 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Today is the tenth________(周年纪念日) of the country's independence.
2．They carried out s______ checks at the airport.
3．The organization d________ food to the earthquake victims.
4．After he studied abroad，he went on o______ the company.
5．The old couple were thinking of p______ a house in the country after they retired.
6．Everyone was asked to d______ a day's pay for the miners killed in the accident.
7．The applause rose to a crescendo and cameras________(发出咔哒声)．
8．The state encourages citizens to take part in________(无偿的)labour.
9．Mrs Roberts was a dressmaker, and she taught her daughter to________.
10．The library has a ________ of its books, arranged in alphabetical order.
答案：1.anniversay 2.security 3.distributed 4.operating
5．purchasing 6.donate 7.clicked 8.voluntary 9.sew 10.catalogue
Ⅱ.按照每小题后括号中的要求完成句子
1．We all ________________(为……干杯) the bride and the groom at the wedding. (toast的名词形式)
2．I'd rather ________________(挨饿)than eat what that mean person offered me. (go)
3．If you ________________(需要) anything, don't hesitate to let me know. (need的名词形式)
4．Are there any ________________(志愿者) help the old woman cross the street? (voluntary的名词形式)
5．Let's work harder. It's time to put our plan ________________(实施). (operate的名词形式)
6．She ________________(捐了) of $5,000 to the Children's Hospital. (donation)
7．The Red Cross controlled ________________(食物和衣物的发放)to the flood victims.(distribute的名词形式)
8．The local newspaper ________________(安排) an interview with Professor Stein. (arrange的名词形式)
答案：1.drank a toast to 2.go hungry 3.are in need of 4.volunteers to 5.into operation 6.made a donation 7.the distribution of the food and clothing 8.made arrangements for
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．If you ________ ________ ________ ________(需要) anything, don't hesitate to let me know.
2．She ________ ________ ________(捐赠) of 5,000 yuan to the Children's Hospital.
3．The doctors are ________ ________(给……动手术) a patient.
4．It is ________ you ________(不是……而是……) he is to blame for the broken window.
5．The woman is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(很容易相处)．
答案：1.are in need of 2.made a donation 3.operating on 4.not; but 5.easy to get along with
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Mariah Bailey would like to make a difference with her dad and his organization. Sidewalk Angels Inc. Mariahs dad would go out on the streets to help the homeless in the community, and sometimes Mariah would go out with him.“After being with him on so many occasions, I started to get to know the people that he helped，” Mariah said.“I started to learn about who they were as people and started building a friendship with them.”
While Mariah's dad liked to do his good deeds, Mariah thought that she would like to start something similar that was better-known to raise even more awareness. After years of making a difference, her organization, Trending Change, was officially launched in October 2013 through her dad's organization.
How does a 12-year-old girl start her organization? Well, for Mariah, she gave up everything she would have received for Christmas and used the money to start Trending Change. Now Mariah has helped countless numbers of people feel loved and comforted through her organization.
Over the last year, Mariah has done a few campaigns, raising over $1,100. Her big goal for last December was to provide blessing bags for hundreds of homeless people in Myrtle Beach. Each blessing bag not only had daily necessities, but Mariah also added notes to each bag reminding each person that they were loved and she would be there for them until things got better.
“My goal is to let the homeless know that they have not been forgotten and that they are loved，” Mariah said. For people who are homeless, there are a few outlets for them to find food and a shelter. However, no one at these homeless shelters is obligated(有义务) to show compassion. “Sometimes people are starving for more than food. Sometimes they are starving for love.”
文章大意：Mariah是一个只有十二岁的小姑娘。她在父亲的影响下捐资创建了慈善组织，以帮助那些无家可归的人。
1．We can learn from Paragraph 1 that Mariah________.
A．didn't stay at home every day
B．made friends with the homeless
C．got along well with her father
D．helped people that she knew well
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是最后一句可知，Mariah和那些无家可归的人交了朋友。
2．What did Mariah do in order to start her organization?
A．She donated her own savings.
B．She asked for help from her teacher.
C．She tried her best to make much money.
D．She gave up everything she had at home.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的she gave up everything she would have received for Christmas and used the money to start Trending Change可知，她捐出了自己的积蓄创建了Trending Change。
3．Why did Mariah send notes to the homeless?
A．To remind them to work hard.
B．To tell them to learn to help others.
C．To persuade them to accept her gifts.
D．To encourage them to be confident about life.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的Mariah also added notes to each bag reminding each person that they were loved and she would be there for them until things got better.可以推知，她送给他们便条是为了鼓励他们对生活充满信心。
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Mariah Does Well at School
B．Mariah's Father Is Generous
C．Mariah Supports Her Father Firmly
D．Mariah Helps the Homeless With Love
答案：D 标题概括题。本文讲述了十二岁的Mariah创建慈善组织以帮助那些无家可归的人的故事，故D项为最佳标题。
B
Last night, on my way home I stopped because of being attracted by some hamburgers at a fast food restaurant. On my way in，a homeless man approached me and asked, “Do you have any bottles lying around？” I knew he would recycle them for a few cents, but I didn't have any, so I said no. And again, he asked, “Can you spare some change(零钱)？” I smiled, and said no again. He was very respectful; he smiled back and said, “OK, thank you.” Even though he didn't have anything，he was still in good spirits. From the way he spoke I could tell he was smart.
Then I bought one hamburger and enjoyed my meal, but in the back of my mind I wondered whether the homeless man was hungry. After I finished my meal I decided to order another one for him. At this point I didn't know if he was still around, but I tried anyway.
At the counter I ordered a hamburger and also a hot chocolate, because it was cold outside, and I thought it would help warm him up. They delivered me the hot chocolate first and as I waited for my hamburger, I noticed the homeless man was standing right beside me. I looked at him and smiled，“This hot chocolate is for you.” He replied like a gentleman, “Thank you so much. That's very kind of you.”
I always believe no matter how hard up(缺钱) I am, there are always those who are worse off than I. When you help someone, it's not always about money, it's about love. The love you give today, someone might forget tomorrow. It doesn't matter. Love anyway, because the greatest thing you can give is love.
文章大意：作者讲述了自己给一个无家可归的人买快餐的经历，鼓励人们要尽可能帮助他人。
5．Why did the author stop at a fast food restaurant?
A．Because he was hungry and thirsty.
B．Because the hamburgers there interested him.
C．Because he hoped he could collect some bottles there.
D．Because he wanted to help the homeless man there.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段“on my way home I stopped because of being attracted by some hamburgers at a fast food restaurant”可知，作者之所以停留在快餐店，是因为被一些汉堡包吸引了。
6．We can learn from the first two paragraphs that the author ________.
A．was angry with the homeless man
B．was an old friend of the homeless man
C．decided to help the homeless man after his meal
D．finished his meal quickly to help the homeless man
答案：C 细节理解题。分析第二段可知，作者在吃饭期间，脑子里想到的是这个无家可归的人是否饿了，所以吃完饭后，他决定给这个这个无家可归的人买一份快餐。
7．We can infer from the text that the homeless man was ________.
A．old and sick B．polite and friendly
C．sad and nervous D．calm and confident
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第一段的“He was very respectful; he smiled back and said，‘OK, thank you.’”及第三段的“He replied like a gentleman, ‘Thank you so much. That's very kind of you.’”不难推测，这个人既礼貌又友好。
8．The author wants to tell us that ________.
A．love cannot be forced
B．money cannot buy anything
C．there is always someone that we can help
D．we shouldn't forget those who once helped us
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“我一直坚信无论我多么缺钱，总会有人比我更拮据”及其后面作者鼓励人们帮助他人可知，作者认为总有些人是我们可以帮助的。
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend.__1__But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
1．Associate with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
2．Start a conversation.
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. __2__You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
3．__3__
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
4．Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.__4__The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5．Enjoy your friendship.
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.__5__Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
答案：1～5 ECBGD
Ⅵ.短文改错
(2015·陕西卷)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限1词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My soccer coach retired in last week.I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world，so I decide to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really well.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
At a party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!
答案：
My soccer coach retired in last week.I wanted to do special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the biscuits in the world，so I to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really .My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor I was packing them up.
At party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me the biscuits with happy laughter!
课件69张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7SharingUnit 4Section Ⅲ Using LanguageUnit 4Ⅰ.词汇过关
(一)根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词
1．a________ a person who travels in a spacecraft
2．a________ yearly return of the date of an event, celebration of this
3．s________ part of a plant from which a new plant of the same kind can grow
4．c________ to make a slight short sound
5．c________ private or specialized hospitalstronautnniversaryeedlicklinic(二)根据词性和汉语意思写出单词
6．_______vt.捐赠→________n．捐献；捐赠→______ n．捐赠者
7．________adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→________ n．志愿者
8．________n．公牛→________(pl.)
9．________adj.政治的；政党的→________n．政治
10．________vt.分配；分类→__________n．分配；分发；分布状态donatedonationdonatorvoluntaryvolunteeroxoxenpoliticalpoliticsdistributedistribution
11．________vi.工作；运转vt.操作→________n．操作；手术
12．________vt.& n．买；购买→________n．买方；购买者
13．________n．完全；保护；保障→________adj.安全的；可靠的operateoperationpurchasepurchasersecuritysecureⅡ.短语自查
1．fall in love with ________________
2．come to an end ________________
3．have knowledge of ________________
4．do some research on ________________
5．bring hope to ________________
6．在困难中，在危急中 ________________
7．挨饿 ________________
8．自给自足 ________________
9．数目上；总共 ________________
10．照看，照顾；喜欢 ________________爱上
结束
了解……
研究……
为……带来希望
in need
go hungry
provide for oneself
in number
care for Ⅲ.经典句式
1．The gift________ ________is not something __________ ________ ________ ________but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people ________ ________ ________ ________.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。2．When you __________ an item, we will send you an attractive card for you ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
你选购一项礼物时，我们将送你一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。
答案：1.you give; your loved one keeps; who really need it
2．purchase; to send to your special personⅣ.语篇理解
Read the text and then choose the best answeres.
1．What is the most expensive gift in the list?
A．A well and water pump.
B．Twenty tree seedlings.
C．A truck library.
D．School books.2．When you want to give child vaccinations against 6 killer diseases, you must send ________.
A．$50 B．$20
C．$8 D．$85
3．The purpose of the Internet Page is to ________.
A．let people give an unusual gift to the poor
B．let people get an unusual card
C．let people learn something useful
D．let people make money4．You can use the card for the following occasions except ________.
A．anniversaries B．birthdays
C．burials D．weddings
5．Where can you probably read the article?
A．In the newspaper. B．In the magazine.
C．On TV. D．On the Internet.
答案：1～5 ABACD1.donate vt.捐赠
①The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.
这个商人捐给医院很多钱。
②She donated her books to the library.
她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。知识拓展
donate sth. to sb./sth.向某人/事捐献某物
donation n．捐献，捐赠；捐款
give/make/present a donation to...捐赠给……
send a donation to...把捐款寄至……
donator n．捐赠者，赠送者
contribute sth. to...向……捐献某物活学活用
(1)用donate的恰当形式填空
①Charities appealed for________(donate) of food and clothing for victims of the hurricane.
②—She decided________(donate) the kidney (肾) of her dying son to a sick boy in the hospital.
—She is a great mother.答案：①donations 句意：慈善机构呼吁为飓风的受害者们捐献食品和衣物。
②to donate 句意：——她决定把她将死的儿子的肾捐给医院的一个生病的男孩子。——她是一个伟大的母亲。decide后加不定式。
(2)—The man who is seriously ill has decided to contribute his body ________ the research agency after his death.
—He is great.
答案：to2．voluntary adj.自愿的，志愿的，无偿的
She is a voluntary helper.
她是自愿帮忙的。
知识拓展
be voluntary to do sth.自愿做……
volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿；志愿做
voluntarily adv.自愿地
The doctor was voluntary to settle down in the poor village.
这位医生自愿在这个穷村安家落户。活学活用
(1)汉译英
她从事义务社会工作。
_______________________________________________
答案：She does voluntary social work.
(2)①—Are you all________(volunteer)?
—Yes, we always volunteer our time to help sick people in hospital.②It is damaging even if people are doing it________ (volunteer)．
答案：①volunteers 句意：——你们都是志愿者吗？——是的，我们总是自愿花时间帮助住院的病人。考查volunteer的用法。第一空是名词作表语，且根据句首Are you可判断用复数形式。
②voluntarily 句意：即使人们自愿那么做，它还是有害的。根据句意此处需用副词作状语，修饰谓语动词do。3．purchase vt.& n．买；购买
①I have some purchases to make in town.
我要去城里买些东西。
②They began to regret the purchase of such a large house.
他们开始后悔买了这么大的一所房子。
知识拓展
make a purchase买东西
purchase sth. from sb.向某人购买某物
purchasing power购买力
purchase and sale买卖purchase price买价
make a purchase采购
on special purchase特价购买
purchase sth.(from sb.)(向某人)购买某物
purchasing n．购买，采购
purchaser n．购买人，采购人员，买主
提示：purchase可作动词，指“购买，努力取得，换得”；也可作名词，指“购买；购得物”。purchase比buy正式。活学活用
(1)补全句子
①她在服装店买了几样东西。
She ________ ________ ________ in the dress shop.
②他们在乡村已经买了一栋新房子。
They ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the countryside.
答案：①made several purchases ②have purchased a new house
(2)Customers actually vote for products and companies when they make a ________.
答案：purchase 句意：消费者购买商品实质上是在给不同的产品和企业投票。make a purchase买东西。4．anniversary n．周年纪念(日)
①It is the 30th anniversary of our school today.
今天是我们学校建校30周年纪念日。
②They are going to celebrate their wedding anniversary at the seaside.
他们要在海边庆祝结婚纪念日。比较网站
anniversary与memory
He made an important speech on the anniversary of Dr Sun Yat-sen's birth.
在孙中山诞辰纪念日上，他做了一次重要演讲。
I have happy memories of my school.
我对我们学校有着幸福的回忆。
活学活用
In memory of Qu Yuan, dragon-boat races are held on the ________of his death.
答案：anniversary 介词on后接某一天，anniversary“周年纪念(日)”，句意为“为了纪念屈原，在他的祭日举行龙舟竞赛”。
5．distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态
①The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.
地图上标明了这一物种在世界上的分布情况。
②They aren't satisfied with the unfair distribution of wealth.
他们对财富分配不公不满意。知识拓展
distribute vt.分配；分发
distribute sth. to/among把某物分给/发给……
This paper is distributed free.
这份报纸免费发放。
The money was distributed among the schools in this area.
这笔钱在这个地区的学校中分配。比较网站
distribute与divide
He divided the watermelon into 10 parts and distributed them to 10 children.
他把这个西瓜切成10分，并把它们分给了10个孩子。活学活用
(1)用distribute的正确形式填空
①The ________ of prize should be based on equality.
②The teacher ________ the new books ________ the pupils.
答案：①distribution ②distributed; to
(2)选词填空(distribute/divide)
In face of flu, many cities ________ masks to the passers-by in the streets.
答案：distributed 句意：面对流感，很多城市在街上向过往路人发放口罩。distribute分配，分发。6．operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作
①His company operates in several countries.
他的公司在几个国家有业务活动。
②What skills are needed to operate this machine?
操作这台机器需要什么技能？
③Can you operate a sewing machine?
你会使用缝纫机吗？
④The medicine operated quickly.
这药很快就起作用了。知识拓展
operator n．操作人员；电话员
operation n．[C]手术[U]操作
bring/put into operation实施，使生效，使运行
come/go into operation开始运转，开始生效
The new power station has already come into operation.
这个新的发电站已经开始运转。
The young doctor performed the heart operation.
这位年轻医生为病人做了心脏手术。
The law will be put into operation next month.
这部法律下月开始生效。活学活用
(1)补全句子
①He asked me ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我以前是否接受过手术)．
②The machine ________ ________ ________ ________(运转不灵)．
③Their new schedule ________ ________ ________(开始实施) on July 1 last year.
答案：①if I had been operated on before ②does not operate well ③came into operation(2)①Would you ever have an________(operate)on Friday the 13th?
②Who will know how________(operate) the system?
答案：①operation 句意：你会选择在13号星期五那天进行手术吗？have an operation意为“动手术”。
②to operate 句意：有谁知道怎么操作这个系统吗？此处是“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。in need在困难中；在危急中
Please call the police when you are in need.
有困难请找警察。
in need of需要某物
I'm in need of some fresh air.
我需要一些新鲜的空气。
注意：in need表示在危急中 in need of指需要某物
We collected money for those people in need in earthquake-stricken areas who were in need of lots of tents.
我们筹集资金帮助地震灾区的灾民，他们需要大量帐蓬。知识拓展
be in need of sth.需要
at one's need在某人困难时
satisfy/meet one's need满足某人需要
There is no need to do sth.没必要做某事
As we all know, everyone in the world has the need for affection.
我们都知道，每个人都需要爱。
He gave me help at my need.
他在我困难时给予我帮助。活学活用
(1)This organization can provide assistance to people________ ________(在困难中)．
答案：in need in need为固定搭配，意思是“在困难中，在危急中”。句意为“这个组织能够向贫困者提供帮助”。
(2)Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students________ ________ ________ financial aid.
答案：in need of in need of“需要”。根据句意“很多中国的大学为需要经济援助的学生提供奖学金”，可填出答案。1.The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。本句中not...but...连接两个平行成分，意思是“不是……，而是……”。you give是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰gift; your loved one keeps是省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰something; who really need it是定语从句，修饰people。句中not...but...连接两个表语。注意当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则。如：
I'm not a student but a teacher.
我不是学生而是老师。
He does not work but play all day.
他整天不学习只是玩耍。提示：not only...but(also), either...or..., neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。
Not he but you are wanted on the telephone.
电话找的是你不是他。
Rose as well as her friends was invited to Ann's twentieth birthday party.
罗斯和她的朋友应邀参加安二十岁的生日晚宴。活学活用
(1)翻译句子
①It is not who is right but what is right that is important.
_______________________________________________
②不是我而是她去过那儿。
_______________________________________________
答案：①重要的不是谁对而是什么对。
②Not I but she has been there.(2)Not the teacher but the students ________(be) fond of watching football games.
答案：are 考查谓语动词。句意：不是老师而是学生们喜爱看足球比赛 。not... but...连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则；be fond of喜爱……，固定搭配。2．Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.
仅仅提高20%的产量，就意味着会让很多人远离疾病，拥有健康，让许多家庭不再忍受饥饿的折磨，能够自力更生。本句是一个简单句，现在分词短语going hungry和providing for themselves均作定语修饰其前的名词families。英语中现在分词和动名词都可以用作定语，但现在分词作定语时，是它所修饰的名词所发出的动作，和此名词之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句；而动名词作定语时，是用来说明其所修饰的名词的功能、性质、作用等，相当于一个“for”短语。如：(1)a swimming fish＝a fish which is swimming(现在分词) 一条游泳的鱼
→a swimming pool＝a pool for swimming(动名词) 一个游泳池
(2)a walking man＝a man who is walking(现在分词) 一个正在行走的人
→a walking stick＝a stick for walking(动名词)
一根拐杖
(3)a sleeping cat＝a cat which is sleeping(现在分词) 一只睡觉的猫
→a sleeping car＝a car for sleeping(动名词) 一节卧车车厢(4)a writing girl＝a girl who is writing(现在分词) 一个在写字的女孩
→some writing paper＝some paper for writing(动名词) 一些书写纸
(5)a standing tree＝a tree which stands(there)(现在分词) 一棵参天大树
→standing room＝room for standing(动名词) 立足之地活学活用
(1)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket______(cover) the desert.
答案：covering 现在分词短语covering the desert作后置定语，cover与soft orange blanket为逻辑上的主谓关系，cover意为“遮盖”。
(2)The picture________(hang) on the wall is painted by my nephew.
答案：hanging 考查现在分词作定语。句意：墙上挂的那幅画是我侄子画的。解题关键在于分析picture与hang之间的逻辑关系。3．They are easy and fun for children to care for.
孩子们照看它们既轻松又有趣。
此句型属于“sb./sth.＋be＋adj./n.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构，其中不定式与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，这时不定式要符合两个条件：(1)主动形式表示被动意义；(2)其中的动词须为及物动词，若为不及物动词，须加相应的介词。
①The book is difficult(for me) to understand.
这本书(对我来说)很难懂。
②The car is very comfortable to ride in.
这种车很好坐。
知识拓展
该结构中的形容词须是表示主语的特征或性质的形容词，常见的词有interesting，easy，difficult，nice，good，expensive，cheap，heavy，light，important，impossible，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，fit等。活学活用
完成句子。
(1)好的小说读起来有意思。
Good novels are interesting ________ ________.
(2)这个难题对我们来说很难处理。
The problem was very hard ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：(1)to read (2)for us to deal with如何描写人物
写作指导
人物描写包括人物的外部特征、性格特征、思想状态、行为语言等方面，用于表现人物的精神面貌、揭露人物的内心活动、提示人物的性格变化，以突出作品的主题思想。此类写作要求抓住人物特征的具体细节进行描写，分清主次，可以采用先总体、后局部的描述顺序。即先总体介绍此人所具有的特点，然后对其局部的一些细节进行介绍，最后可以再作一些总结。另外，对于有些人物描写，我们也可以根据时间或事件发生的先后顺序进行介绍。具体的写作技巧如下：
(1)选好描写的角度。必须考虑好站在第几人称的角度上写和从哪一点着手写。
(2)详略得当地描述。要能够抓住人物特点，按要求对人物进行描写，并要注意详略得当。
(3)准确生动地描述。描写人物时还要注意语言的准确生动性，可以灵活地使用一些主动句、被动句和with的复合结构以及从句等句式。同时，也要注意准确地使用一些动词、名词、形容词、副词以及介词词组等。经典句式
(1)介绍人物的姓名、出身
She was born in Beijing On Oct. 12th, 1986.
She was a great woman with the name of...
She was born to/into a poor/rich family.
(2)介绍家庭背景
His/Her family was so poor that...
His/Her father was very strict with him/her...(3)介绍教育背景
She was admitted to a famous university...
She graduated from the Chinese Department of Beijing University.
When at college, he majored in math.
(4)介绍人物喜好
He is interested in/is fond of/is crazy about music.
His favorite sport is playing basketball.(5)介绍人物生活态度
He works hard at/devotes his lifetime/himself to achieving his life goal.
He made up his mind to do the job well.
He tried his best to help others.
(6)评价人物
His hard work brought him great success.
He set a good example to us.
He was honored as a model worker.
He made great contributions to our country.话题导入
你们学校的英语报最近开展了一次题为“My Favorite Teacher”的征文比赛。你计划报名参加，写作对象是你的英语老师Mr Green，因为他上课生动有趣，而且善于启发大家的思维，博得了同学们的喜爱。请你根据下列要点写一篇关于他的文章，参加比赛：
1．简要地描述他的外貌；
2．喜欢他的原因。
注意：词数120左右。
参考词汇：激发motivate。参考范文
My Favorite Teacher
Our English teacher Mr Green，only several years older than us，①is a really special teacher.
He is very tall and has a beard, ②which makes him look serious. ③In fact, he is very kind and humorous. He seems born able to make his class full of laughter all the time, ④which explains why he is also called Magician. ③For example, during the class, he always has ways of giving us surprise, such as making a joke or singing a song and so on. So what he teaches comes natural to us. 名师点评
①文章首先确定了写作的时态——一般现在时。
②此处是个非限制性定语从句，它的使用丰富了文章的句式结构。
③文章最大的特色是句与句之间的连贯性，这得益于副词或连词的合理使用，如in fact，for example，what's more等。
④此句是个高级的复杂句型。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中还包括一个由why引导的宾语从句。
⑤文章的结尾紧紧围绕着主题，简单明了地对人物做出了评价。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He gave his son some money for the ________________ (购买) of his school books.
2．Shortly after the earthquake, many people _____________ (捐赠) money to the quake area.
3．Next Monday is the ________________(周年纪念日) of the day I first met you.
4．Do you know who is the first ________________(宇航员) that walked in space?5．The job seekers who are good at ________________(操作) computers are preferred.
6．He lives in a ________________(遥远的) village and has little idea of the modern life.
7．The teacher ________________(分发) the new books to the pupils.
8．He made a ________________(自愿的) statement to the police.
9．The captain ________________(咔嚓) his heels together and saluted his superior officer.
10．We need greater ________________(安全保障) in children's school cars.
答案：1.purchase 2.donated 3.anniversary 4.astronaut 5.operating 6.remote 7.distributed 8.voluntary 9.clicked 10.securityⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．They made a generous ________(donate) to charity.
2．At the beginning of the new term the teacher ________(distribution) the new books to the pupils.
3．The doctor is performing an ________(operate) on the injured child.
4．They began to regret ________(purchase) such a big house.
5．We want to live in ________(secure) and lead a happy life.
答案：1.donation 2.distributed 3.operation 4.purchasing
5．security课件7张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7SharingUnit 4(2015·四川卷·A)文章大意：这是一张邀请函，是为了庆祝Alice的两岁生日。
1．The card above is________.
A．a ticket B．a postcard
C．an invitation D．an advertisement
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章的we are throwing a party以及come bug out with us可知，这是一张邀请函，故选择C。
2．The party is for________.
A．a birthday B．the Queen
C．bee watching D．the National Day
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章中的Alice is turning 2，可知，是为了庆祝生日的，故选择A。
3．According to the card，if you are unable to go，you can________.
A．return the card B．visit the Museum
C．ignore the message D．contact Alice's mother
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章中的regrets to the Queen Bee at 601-555-4111可知如果不能来，请打电话给妈妈，故选择D。
