惠州市实验中学2022级高二上学期10月月考试题
英语科
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的入、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are many reasons for visiting Rwanda. From breathtaking scenery to various cultures, it is full of hope and wonder. Here are some must-enjoy experiences for travelers.
Made-to-Order Fashion: Bighly colored cloth is shown at many stal (货摊) in the Kimironko Market in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda. Choose one piece that speaks to you and a talented tailor (裁缝) can make you the clothes of your choosing in about an hour. You will find hills, bats, bird wings and rivers popular on the cloth- they are a celebration of the county’s natural landscape and wildlife.
Incredible Wildlife Encounters: From mountain gorillas in the north to chimpanzees in the south, Rwanda is home to some of Africa’s most fascinating animals. Local guides help travelers explore rainforests and mountain areas. The first purpose-built gorilla research and education center was completed here in 2021.
Meet the Artists: Beautiful murals (壁画) appear from the sides of buildings as travelers make their way through the towns of Rwanda, leaving little doubt that gifted artists call the country home. Local pottery, sculptures and paintings are only the beginning of the choices art lovers will be excited about. Don’t miss the local people who perform at community gatherings and professional dancers and musicians who tell the history of the country to travelers through dance and music.
Create Your Own Adventure: Even the most experienced adventure traveler will find challenges in the hills here. Horseback riding at Fazenda Sengha high above Kigali Sure. A walk along a 70-metre high, 160-metre long Canopy Walkway in the wind above a natural rainforest Just say when. Rwanda seems built for adventure and guests who bring their curiosity won’t leave disappointed.
1. What do we know about the cloth in the Kimironko Market
A. Its colour is dull. B. Its sellers are usually gifted tailors.
C. It has various patterns on it. D. It can be made into clothes in minutes.
2. Which experience best suits animal lovers
A. Made-to-Order Fashion. B. Incredible Wildlife Encounters.
C. Meet the Artists. D. Create Your Own Adventure.
3. What can travelers do in Rwanda
A. Draw murals on buildings. B. Tell the stories of the country.
C. Design sculptures and potteries. D. Appreciate local people’s performances.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍在卢旺达旅行者必须享受的一些体验。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You will find hills, bats, bird wings and rivers popular on the cloth (你会发现布上有受欢迎的山丘、蝙蝠、鸟翅膀和河流)”可知，在卢旺达首都基加利的Kimironko市场上展示的布料上面有各种图案。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“From mountain gorillas in the north to chimpanzees in the south, Rwanda is home to some of Africa’s most fascinating animals. Local guides help travelers explore rainforests and mountain areas. The first purpose-built gorilla research and education center was completed here in 2021. (从北部的山地大猩猩到南部的黑猩猩，卢旺达是非洲一些最迷人的动物的家园。当地导游帮助旅行者探索热带雨林和山区。第一个专门建造的大猩猩研究和教育中心于2021年在这里竣工。)”可知，Incredible Wildlife Encounters适合动物爱好者们去游玩。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Don’t miss the local people who perform at community gatherings and professional dancers and musicians who tell the history of the country to travelers through dance and music. (不要错过在社区聚会上表演的当地人，以及通过舞蹈和音乐向旅行者讲述国家历史的专业舞者和音乐家。)”可知，旅行者在卢旺达可以欣赏当地人的表演。故选D。
B
In 1998, professional musician Spielberg was pregnant (怀孕的) with twin girls when she suffered complications. An emergency cesarean (创腹产手术) was performed during the 22nd week of pregnancy. Sadly, one of the twins passed away, but Valerie survived.
Valerie was born weighing only 12 ounces and was the size of a can of soda. She was so small that she didn’t meet the hospital’s premature baby weight limit necessary to receive life-saving treatment. A kind nurse put a finger on the scale and recorded her weight at 17 ounces, just enough to make her receive medical support.
It was touch-and-go. To make matters worse, the hospital was very loud and busy. Spielberg thought it felt more like an emergency room than a healing environment. She wanted to drown out (盖过) the noises of the hospital.
She couldn’t bring her piano, so she played CDs for her daughter. Amazingly, Valerie improved. Her oxygen saturation levels increased, her blood pressure stabilized, and her heart’s rhythm became more steady. This wasn’t a fluke — it happened again and again for four months.
And it affected all of the other babies in the room as well. Valerie’s health continued to improve after months of music and medical attention.
Having seen the amazing impact music had on her baby, Spielberg began working with music therapists. She also volunteered in nursing homes where she once inspired a silent man to speak with music. The elderly man’s wife had passed away and the pain seemed too much for him to handle. He had cut himself off from the world and hadn’t spoken in 6 months. When Spielberg unknowingly played his wedding song, the man broke out of his shell. He began singing and then asked to speak with his family.
Spielberg is still a professional musician. And these days she also teaches and speaks to audiences about the magic of music. Her daughter Valerie, now a healthy and happy young woman, has become a musician herself, playing both the piano and percussion.
4. What do we know about Valerie from paragraph 2
A. She was in great danger. B. She was adopted by a nurse.
C. She was too small to be weighed. D. She was given up by the hospital.
5. The underlined word “fluke” in paragraph 4 refers to something that occurs .
A. suddenly B. quickly C. accidentally D. regularly
6. What caused the man mentioned in paragraph 6 to be silent for months
A. An illness. B. An injury. C. Having no friends. D. Losing his wife.
7. What does the text intend to show us through Spielberg’s experiences
A. The power of music. B. The value of music.
C. Her musical life. D. Her musical talent.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述音乐对医疗方面的好处。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Valerie was born weighing only 12 ounces and was the size of a can of soda. She was so small that she didn’t meet the hospital’s premature baby weight limit necessary to receive life-saving treatment. A kind nurse put a finger on the scale and recorded her weight at 17 ounces, just enough to make her receive medical support. (瓦莱丽出生时体重只有12盎司，只有一罐苏打水那么大。她太小了，没有达到医院规定的早产儿体重限制，无法接受挽救生命的治疗。一位好心的护士把一根手指放在磅秤上，记录下她的体重为17盎司，刚好足以让她接受医疗支持)”可推知，瓦莱丽出生时体重很轻，有生命危险。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“She couldn’t bring her piano, so she played CDs for her daughter. Amazingly, Valerie improved. Her oxygen saturation levels increased, her blood pressure stabilized, and her heart’s rhythm became more steady. This wasn’t a fluke — it happened again and again for four months. (她不能带钢琴，所以她给女儿播放CD。令人惊奇的是，瓦莱丽的情况改善了。她的血氧饱和度增加了，血压稳定了，心律也更稳定了。这不是fluke——这种情况一次又一次地发生了四个月)”可知，这一段讲述瓦莱丽的病情得到了改善，而且是一次又一次地发生了，所以不是偶然的意外事件，fluke的意思应该是“意外的事件”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“The elderly man’s wife had passed away and the pain seemed too much for him to handle. He had cut himself off from the world and hadn’t spoken in 6 months. (老人的妻子去世了，他的痛苦似乎太大了。他已经与世界隔绝，6个月没有说话了)”可知，失去妻子这件事使老人6个月没有说话了。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“And it affected all of the other babies in the room as well. Valerie’s health continued to improve after months of music and medical attention.(它也影响了房间里的所有其他婴儿。经过数月的音乐和医疗护理，瓦莱丽的健康状况持续改善)”和第六段“When Spielberg unknowingly played his wedding song, the man broke out of his shell. He began singing and then asked to speak with his family.(当斯皮尔伯格在不知情的情况下播放他的婚礼歌曲时，这个男人从他的壳里跳了出来。他开始唱歌，然后要求与家人交谈)”可推知，这篇文章主要讲述了音乐在医学治疗方面的好处。故选A。
C
Facial recognition cameras are everywhere, including in your smartphone. Many people rely on this technology to unlock their phones, open doors or make quick payments, but there is a problem: Everyone is wearing masks. What a hassle! And it’s tough to take them off in a short while and it annoys me a lot.
Now, tech companies have updated their software. Facial recognition technology can now identify people even if they are wearing a mask.
Beijing-based tech company Hanwang has announced a software which can correctly recognize 95 percent of people wearing masks, Engineering & Technology（E& T）reported. What’s the secret It’s all about your eyes. Marios Savvides, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University, US, studies facial recognition technology. As we get older, he said, our faces change shape, but not the area around our eyes. It stays the same—even if we put on weight. Another company, Geneva-based Tech 5, has also been working on this kind of software. Another Japan based NEC Corp claims an surprising 99.9 percent accuracy rate when identifying people with masks.
Facial recognition software is about more than just unlocking your phone. It’s about public safety. For example, you don’t need to present an ID card, which can be lost or stolen. It also means that viruses aren’t spread by touching things, said NEC’s Shinya Takeshima. “Touchless verification(验证)has become extremely important due to the coronavirus,” he said to Reuters. “We hope to contribute to safety and peace of mind.” More than that, facial recognition can be used to fight crime. “It can detect crime suspects,” said Huang Lei, Hanwang’s vice president. Similar technology is used by the United States Air Force and other governments.
Huang admits one big weakness of this cutting-edge technology: It fails when people wear both a mask and sunglasses. “In this situation, all of the key facial information is lost,” Huang said to E&T.
8. What does the underlined word “hassle” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. A trouble. B. A mistake.
C. A guideline. D. A habit.
9. The facial recognition software that can identify people with masks mainly depends on .
A. the forehead. B. the eye region.
C. the shape of faces. D. the facial expressions.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The future of facial recognition technology.
B. Different types of facial recognition software.
C. The advantages of facial recognition technology.
D. The problems with current facial recognition technology.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The new technology cannot keep key facial information.
B. Huang has a negative attitude toward the new technology.
C It is necessary to make improvements in the new technology.
D. The new technology doesn’t work when people wear sunglasses.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科技公司已经更新了面部识别技术，使其可以识别戴着口罩的人，并介绍了更新的面部识别技术能识别戴着口罩的人的原因，以及面部识别技术的优势。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“Facial recognition cameras are everywhere, including in your smartphone. Many people rely on this technology to unlock their phones, open doors or make quick payments, but there is a problem: Everyone is wearing masks. What a hassle! And it’s tough to take them off in a short while and it annoys me a lot.（面部识别摄像头无处不在，包括你的智能手机。许多人依靠这项技术来解锁手机、开门或快速付款，但有一个问题：每个人都戴着口罩。真hassle!而且很难在短时间内把它们取下来，这让我很恼火。）”可知人们用面部识别技术来解锁手机、开门、付款，这些都需要能看到脸部，但是人们都戴口罩，而且不能快速取下来，所以这个给面部识别造成不便，即这时候戴口罩是一件麻烦事，故推知划线单词“hassle”意思为“麻烦”。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As we get older, he said, our faces change shape, but not the area around our eyes.”（他说，随着年龄的增长，我们的脸会改变形状，但眼睛周围的区域不会）”由此可知，面部识别软件能够识别戴口罩的人，主要依靠眼睛区域。故选B项。
【10题详解】
段落大意题。文章第四段“Facial recognition software is about more than just unlocking your phone. It’s about public safety. For example, you don’t need to present an ID card, which can be lost or stolen. It also means that viruses aren’t spread by touching things, said NEC’s Shinya Takeshima. “Touchless verification(验证)has become extremely important due to the coronavirus,” he said to Reuters. “We hope to contribute to safety and peace of mind.” More than that, facial recognition can be used to fight crime. “It can detect crime suspects,” said Huang Lei, Hanwang’s vice president. Similar technology is used by the United States Air Force and other governments. ”（面部识别软件不仅仅是解锁你的手机。这事关公共安全。例如，您不需要出示身份证，因为身份证可能丢失或被盗。NEC 的Shinya Takeshima说，这也意味着病毒不是通过接触物体传播的。他对路透社说：“由于冠状病毒的存在，无接触验证已经变得极其重要。”。“我们希望为安全和内心的平静做出贡献。”不仅如此，面部识别还可以用来打击犯罪。Hanwang副总裁黄磊表示：“它可以侦查犯罪嫌疑人。”美国空军和其他政府也在使用类似的技术。）”可知本段讲述了面部识别的用途很多，不仅仅是解锁手机，可以无接触验证，而且这个在新冠病毒存在的情况下极其重要，还可以打击犯罪和侦查犯罪嫌疑人，综上所述，本段讲述的是人脸识别技术的优势。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Huang admits one big weakness of this technology: It fails when people wear both a mask and sunglasses.（黄承认这项技术的一大弱点：当人们同时戴口罩和太阳镜时，它就会失效。）”可知人们在同时带口罩和太阳镜的时候，人脸就识别不出来了，结合第四段内容讲述人脸识别技术优势如此之大，极其重要，故推断，改进这项新技术是必要的。故选C项。
D
The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation.
By studying the data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species’ chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs.
“We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate,” said Tong Qiu, who led the study. “That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.
“We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems,” said Qiu.
The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) and from 11previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed thr e-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond.
12. What does the new study in North America show
A. Pests could des troy many North American crops.
B. Some ground beetles will not survive a climate change.
C. The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat.
D. Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate.
13. What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in paragraphs 3 and 4
A. There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles.
B. Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate.
C. Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate.
D. The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognized.
14. How did the research team carry out the study
A. By analyzing data.
B. By assessing statistics.
C. By doing field research.
D. By studying documents.
15. What is the best title for the passage
A. North American Agriculture Crops at Risk
B. Crop-saving Beetles under Climate Threat
C. A Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way
D. Beetles’ Reaction to simulate Climate Changes
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究表明，在北美发现的保护农作物的近2000种地面甲虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. (但美国和加拿大研究人员的一项新研究表明，在北美发现的近2000种地面甲虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来。一些可能会减少)”可知，北美的这项新研究表明，一些地面甲虫将无法在气候变化中生存。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate,” said Tong Qiu, who led the study. “That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.(负责该研究的佟邱说:‘我们发现，在温暖干燥的气候中，作为关键害虫防治剂的流动性较低、不活动的地甲虫更有可能随着时间的推移而减少。”。“这意味着会有更多的害虫影响农业和森林生态系统。”但邱补充道，有理由抱有希望，因为分析还表明，栖息地保护可以减轻这些影响，并扭转某些地区的趋势)”以及第四段““We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems,” said Qiu.(邱说：‘我们希望保护生物学家能够利用这些信息和我们创建的在线地图，更好地管理昆虫的栖息地。地甲虫对生态系统非常有益，但一般人基本上看不见它们。在这篇论文中，我们展示了它们对整个森林和农业生态系统社区的广泛影响。’)”可知，在第三段和第四段，佟邱想表达的是，地甲虫的重要性应该得到广泛的认识。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) and from 11previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed thr e-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate(模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond. (研究人员使用了美国国家科学基金会国家生态观测网（NEON）的甲虫计数数据和之前发表的11项研究，来测量和绘制甲虫在北美的分布图。通过使用近地天体的成像仪器，获得了栖息地信息，如森林树冠缺口的位置和森林地面上植物的密度，以创建详细的三维的景观图像。然后，他们将收集的数据输入计算机模型，模拟气候变化，研究昆虫的反应)”可知，研究小组通过分析数据来开展这项研究。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. (许多北美作物的成功在一定程度上取决于地甲虫，这种小昆虫以害虫和杂草种子为食，否则可能会破坏作物。但美国和加拿大研究人员的一项新研究表明，并非所有在北美发现的近2000种地甲虫都能在气候变化中存活下来。有些可能会衰落)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新研究表明，在北美发现的保护农作物的近2000种地面甲虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来，为了保护它们，研究人员通过分析数据开展进一步研究。B项“气候威胁下拯救作物甲虫”符合题意，可以作为文章标题。故选B项。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all know the golden rule: treat others the way you want to be treated. This is an old proverb we learn from an early age.___16___
Have you ever noticed that when you do something nice for someone else, it makes you feel better too This isn’t just something that happens randomly (随机地). ___17___ Doing nice things for others increases your serotonin (血清素), which is responsible for feelings of satisfaction and well-being.
___18___ While there are several ways to reduce anxiety, it turns out that being nice to others can be one of the easiest, most inexpensive ways to keep anxiety at bay. University of British Columbia researchers found that participants who engaged in kind acts displayed significant increases in positive afct (积极情感) that lasted over the four weeks of their study. So, the next time you’re feeling anxious, look for opportunities to help others.
Making others feel good can “warm” your heart, sure — but being nice to others can also affect the actual chemical balance of your heart. Kindness releases the hormone oxytocin which reduces blood pressure and therefore protects the heart.___19___ Maybe that’s why they say nice, caring people have really big hearts.
Kindness can help you live longer. You may be shaking your head at this one, but there’s science to back it up. According to , you’re at a greater risk of heart disease if you don’t have a strong network of family and friends. When you’re kind to others, you develop strong, meaningful relationships and friendships.___20___
A. Anxiety is an extremely common human experience.
B. This behavior can help you handle stressful situations.
C. Kindness strengthens your heart physically and emotionally.
D. It has something to do with the pleasure centers in your brain.
E. Besides improving personal relationships, kindness can make you healthier.
F. So, make some new friends, or expand your kindness to the ones you already have.
G. However, there are a number of real-life benefits connected with the way we treat others.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了对别人善良带给自己的好处。
【16题详解】
上文“We all know the golden rule: treat others the way you want to be treated. This is an old proverb we learn from an early age.(我们都知道一条黄金法则：己所不欲，勿施于人。这是我们从小学到的一句古老谚语)”提到一句古老的谚语：己所不欲，勿施于人，下文讲述了对别人好带给自己的好处，G项“然而，在现实生活中，我们对待他人的方式会给我们带来很多好处”符合语境，和上文形成转折关系，引出下文内容，故选G。
【17题详解】
上文“Have you ever noticed that when you do something nice for someone else, it makes you feel better too This isn’t just something that happens randomly(随机地).(你有没有注意到，当你为别人做一些好事时，你也会感觉更好？这不是随机发生的事情)”提到，为别人做好事自己也会感觉更好，这不是随机发生的事情，空处应是对此进行科学解释，D项“这与你大脑中的快乐中枢有关”符合语境，下文“Doing nice things for others increases your serotonin (血清素), which is responsible. for feelings of satisfaction and well-being.(为别人做好事会增加你的血清素，这是满足感和幸福感的来源)”是对D项进一步解释，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“While there are several ways to reduce anxiety, it turns out that being nice to others can be one of the easiest, most inexpensive ways to keep anxiety at bay.(虽然有几种方法可以减少焦虑，但事实证明，善待他人是最简单、最便宜的控制焦虑的方法之一)”可知，本段和焦虑有关，A项“焦虑是一种极其普遍的人类体验”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Kindness releases the hormone oxytocin which reduces blood pressure and therefore protects the heart.(善良会释放催产素，从而降低血压，保护心脏)”以及下文“Maybe that’s why they say nice, caring people have really big hearts.(也许这就是为什么人们说善良、有爱心的人都心胸宽广)”可知，空处和上文并列，说明善良的好处，C项“善良在身体和情感上都能增强你的心灵”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“When you’re kind to others, you develop strong, meaningful relationships and friendships.(当你善待他人时，你会建立起牢固而有意义的关系和友谊)”可知，对别人善良可以建立起有意义的关系和友谊，空处位于段末，是总结上文，F项“所以，交一些新朋友，或者把你的善意扩展到你已经拥有的人身上”符合语境，故选F。
第二部分 语言运用 (共五节，满分80分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Officer Joshua Scaglione of the Westland, Michigan Police Department was on duty when he spotted Dell’s Impala driving with tinted (染色) windows.___21___ his siren (警笛) and flicking on the lights, he pulled the car over to ask about the___22___ windows. It was then that Officer Scaglione ___23___ 3-year-old Lauren in the back of the vehicle — and without a baby car seat.
The police officer asked Dell why his 3-year-old daughter was not ___24___ in a car seat. The man answered as he fought back ___25___, explaining that it was due to some hard times. Dell told Seaglione how financially (经济上) he had been___26___ to keep his household above water, and that things like car seats were given a low___27___ below necessities like gas and food. The officer listened, as he took pity on the man who seemed to just want to ___28___ his family. He then asked Dell to follow him to the local Walmart, where the police officer ___29___ and paid for a seat to give to Dell and his daughter.
___30___, Dell posted his experience on Facebook in order to ___31___ the officer and his post went viral in the area.
“I’ve been in a___32___ situation like this guy before,” Scaglione said. “I___33___ it’d be better to help him out and just raise more ___34___about car safety rather than give him a ___35___ that would dig him deeper in a hole and make things worse for him.”
21.
A. Putting down B. Checking out C. Setting up D. Turing on
22.
A. closed B. broken C. illegal D. wrong
23.
A. met B. saw C. recognized D. caught
24.
A. riding B. driving C. playing D. sleeping
25.
A. tears B. anger C. surprise D. worries 山: an
26.
A. preparing B. managing C. struggling D. expecting
27.
A. rating B. mark C. price D. priority
28.
A. impact B. support C. comfort D. save
29.
A. stared at B. picked out C. lifted up D. sat on
30.
A. Satisfied B. Astonished C. Touched D. Excited
31.
A. encourage B. pay C. contact D. thank
32.
A. boring B. dangerous C. tough D. special
33.
A. figured B. remembered C. discovered D. admitted
34.
A. questions B. awareness C. doubts D. money
35
A. fine B. lesson C. beating D. shock
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了密歇根州Westland市警察局的警官Joshua Scaglione帮助一位经济拮据的父亲购买儿童座椅的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他打开警笛，打开车灯，把车停在路边，询问非法窗户的情况。A. Putting down扑灭；B. Checking out结账离开；C. Setting up建立；D. Turing on打开。根据“flicking on the lights”及语境可知，Joshua Scaglione在执勤时发现异常情况，故应是打开警笛，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. closed关闭的；B. broken破碎的；C. illegal非法的；D. wrong错误的。根据上文“Dell’s Impala driving with tinted (染色) windows”可知，Dell的车窗染了色，是非法的。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，Scaglione警官看到3岁的Lauren坐在车后座上，而且没有婴儿安全座椅。A. met遇见；B. saw看见；C. recognized认识，辨别出；D. caught抓捕。根据“3-year-old Lauren in the back of the vehicle — and without a baby car seat”可知，此处是警官看到的情景，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位警察问Dell为什么他3岁的女儿没有坐在汽车座椅上。A. riding骑，搭乘；B. driving驾驶；C. playing玩；D. sleeping睡觉。结合空后的“in a car seat”可知，此处指“坐在汽车座椅上”，用动词ride，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个男人强忍着眼泪回答说，这是由于一些艰难的时期。A. tears眼泪；B. anger生气；C. surprise惊讶；D. worries担心。根据“explaining that it was due to some hard times”可知，由于经历着艰难时期，他应是强忍泪水。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dell告诉Seaglione，他在经济上是如何挣扎着让他的家庭摆脱困境，而汽车座椅等东西的优先级低于汽油和食物等必需品。A. preparing准备；B. managing管理，设法完成；C. struggling努力，艰难地行进；D. expecting期待。结合上文“it was due to some hard times”可知，Dell在经济方面很艰难，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rating等级；B. mark记号；C. price价格；D. priority优先级，重点。结合语境及空后“below necessities like gas and food”可知，Dell在经济方面很拮据，此处指汽车座椅等物品的优先级低于汽油和食品等必需品，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警官听着，同情这个似乎只想养家糊口的人。A. impact影响；B. support支持，养活；C. comfort安慰；D. save挽救，节省。根据上文“Dell told Seaglione how financially (经济上) he had been ___6___ to keep his household above water”可知，Dell努力养家糊口，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，他让Dell跟着他去当地的沃尔玛，这位警察在那里为Dell和他的女儿挑选了一个座位，并付了钱。A. stared at凝视，盯着看；B. picked out挑选；C. lifted up抬起，举起；D. sat on拖延。根据“paid for a seat to give to Dell and his daughter”可知，此处指挑选一个座椅并付了钱，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dell深受感动，为了感谢这位警官，他把自己的经历发到了脸书上，他的帖子在当地疯传。A. Satisfied满意的； B. Astonished惊讶的；C. Touched感动的；D. Excited兴奋的，激动的。结合上文内容可知，Scaglione为Dell的女儿买汽车座椅，Dell应是深受感动，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. encourage鼓励；B. pay支付；C. contact联系；D. thank感谢。根据语境及“Dell posted his experience on Facebook”可知，Scaglione帮助了Dell，Dell把自己的经历发到了脸书上应是为了感谢Scaglione，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我以前遇到过像这个人一样的困难情况，” Scaglione 说。A. boring令人厌烦的；B. dangerous危险的；C. tough艰难的；D. special特殊的。根据“like this guy before”可知，Scaglione以前也像Dell一样困难，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想最好是帮助他，提高他对汽车安全的认识，而不是给他罚款，这会让他越陷越深，让事情变得更糟。A. figured认为，认定；B. remembered想起，记得；C. discovered发现；D. admitted承认。结合“it’d be better to help him out…”可知，此处指Scaglione认为最好是帮助他，而不是罚款，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. questions问题；B. awareness意识；C. doubts怀疑；D. money钱。根据“about car safety”和语境可知，给Dell买安全座椅是为了提高他的安全意识，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fine罚款；B. lesson功课，教训；C. beating惨败；D. shock震惊。根据语境及空后“that would dig him deeper in a hole and make things worse for him”可知，Dell有一些违反交通规则之处，让事情变得更糟糕的是对他罚款，故选A。
第三节 语法填空1(共10小题;每小题1.5 分,满分15分)
(1)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou, ___36___ research led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and___37___ (think) to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.
Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo, China, on December 1930 and graduated ___38___ Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of___39___ ( scientist) with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers ___40___ (choose ) .
One medical text from the fourth century suggested ___41___ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a ___42___ (collect) of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. Using a lower temperature ___43___ (draw ) out the extract, she found a substance that worked.
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded ___44___ Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just ____45____ (I). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.
【答案】36. whose
37. is thought
38. from 39. scientists
40. chosen 41. using
42. collection
43. to draw
44. the 45. mine
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，并简单介绍了她发明青蒿素的过程。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：今年的诺贝尔生理学和医学奖授予给了屠呦呦，她研究发明了青蒿素。根据句子分析可知，逗号前为主句，此处为定语从句，修饰先行词Tu Youyou，先行词在从句中作定语修饰名词research，表示“她的研究”，应用关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：青蒿素是治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，并在非洲，青蒿素每年能救下100条人命。根据句子分析可知，Artemisinin为主语，是单数，and连接前后两个谓语动词，提示词与主语Artemisinin之间是被动关系，意为“青蒿素被认为……”，且陈述事实，应用一般现在时，故填is thought。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：屠呦呦于1930年12月生于中国宁波，并与1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。根据句子分析可知，此处表示“从……学校毕业”，表达为graduate from，故填from。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在1967年，中国政府成立了一个科学家团队，目的在于发明治疗疟疾的一种新的治疗方式。根据句子分析可知，空前为“a team of”，意为“一队……”，故此处要用名词的复数，故填scientists。
【40题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：屠呦呦也是第一批被选的研究者之一。根据句子分析可知，提示词作后置定语修饰名词researchers，是非谓语动词，与逻辑主语researchers之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词表被动，故填chosen。
【41题详解】
考查动名词做宾语。句意：一篇四世纪医学文章建议用青蒿上的提取物来治疗发烧。suggest doing sth.为固定搭配，后跟动名词做宾语，故填using。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：屠呦呦团队用了许多干青蒿树叶来做实验，但是发现它对发烧没有作用。根据句子分析可知，空前有冠词a，故此空应填名词的单数，此处表示“许多”，表达为a collection of，故填collection。
43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：用更低温度来提取青蒿中的汁，她发现了一种有用的物质。根据句意可知，“(draw ) out the extract”是的“Using a lower temperature”的目的，用动词不定式表示目的，故填to draw。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一听到她被授予诺贝尔奖，她就说：“这份荣誉不光属于我一个人，在我的身后是一个团队，并且我有着全国人民的支持”。“诺贝尔奖”是专有名词，特指， 用定冠词the限定，故填the。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：一听到她被授予诺贝尔奖，她就说：“这份荣誉不光属于我一个人，在我的身后是一个团队，并且我有着全国人民的支持”。根据句意，此处表示“我的荣誉”,作表语，应用名词性物主代词mine，故填mine。
(2)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you have not heard of Yangshi Lei, the ____46____(honour) name of the Lei family responsible for imperial architecture during the Qing Dynasty, then you have missed an important detail about the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and Yuanmingyuan Garden.
All the above great cultural relics and popular tourist attractions have been included on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, ____47____ surprisingly enough, they are all designed by the Lei family. ____48____ (represent) the great achievements of science and technology in ancient China, their architectural practice covered a wide range of city planning, imperial palaces, gardens, temples, princes’ residences and schools.
Yangshi____49____ (refer) to architect or architecture in Chinese. Yangshifang, the then government authority similar to the National Architecture Design Institute today, was in charge of site ____50____ (select), design and construction of imperial architectures.
____51____ (amaze), eight generations of the Lei family were appointed director of Yangshifang consecutively from 1662 to 1911.
With so many architectural____52____ (work) on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List, the Lei Family is____53____ unique phenomenon in the architectural history throughout the world. Apart from the grand architectures, China has another treasure left by the Lei family - design drafts. In the National Library of China alone, there ____54____ (be) up to 20,000 architectural design drafts, each of _____55_____ plays an important role in the research of the history of the Qing Dynasty and how architecture developed at the time.
【答案】46. honoured##honourable##honorable##honored
47. but 48. Representing
49. refers 50. selection
51. Amazingly
52. works 53. a
54. are 55. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了清朝雷氏家族的荣誉，他们设计了很多著名的建筑，包括天坛、颐和园和圆明园。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你还没有听说过杨世雷，清朝负责皇家建筑的雷氏家族的光荣名字，那你就错过了天坛、颐和园和圆明园的一个重要细节。空处作定语修饰名词name，应用形容词形式。故填honoured/honourable/honorable/honored。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：上述所有伟大的文物和热门的旅游景点都被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录，但令人惊讶的是，它们都是由雷氏家族设计的。此处前后句表示转折关系，应用转折连词连接。故填but。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的建筑实践涵盖了广泛的城市规划、皇宫、园林、寺庙、王府和学校，代表了中国古代科学技术的伟大成就。该句的谓语是covered，空处应用非谓语动词，represent与名词practice之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填Representing。
【49题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在中国，雷氏指的是建筑师或建筑。根据句意可知，此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，refer to…“指的是……”为固定搭配。主谓一致，故填refers。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：杨世坊，当时的政府机构，类似于今天的国家建筑设计院，负责皇家建筑的选址、设计和施工。根据design and construction of imperial architectures可知，此处应用其名词，与design和construction表示并列作宾语。故填selection。
【51题详解】
考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，从1662年到1911年，雷氏家族连续八代人被任命为杨世坊的主管。此处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Amazingly。
【52题详解】
考查可数名词的复数。句意：雷氏家族拥有众多被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》的建筑作品，是世界建筑史上一个独特的现象。空处前面有so many architectural修饰，应用名词复数。故填works。
【53题详解】
考查冠词。句意：雷氏家族拥有众多被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》的建筑作品，是世界建筑史上一个独特的现象。此处phenomenon为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词表泛指。所连接的单词unique发音以辅音开头。故填a。
【54题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：仅在中国国家图书馆，就有多达2万份建筑设计草稿，每一份都在研究清朝历史和当时建筑发展的过程中发挥着重要作用。根据plays可知，此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时。主谓一致，故填are。
【55题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：仅在中国国家图书馆，就有多达2万份建筑设计草稿，每一份都在研究清朝历史和当时建筑发展的过程中发挥着重要作用。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是drafts，指代物，用关系代词which引导定语从句，作宾语。故填which。
第三节(共10小题:每题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
56. Tu Youyou concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood________ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties after numerous experiments.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】apparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：屠呦呦通过多次实验得出结论，煮沸甜艾草显然破坏了它的医学特性。分析句子可知，空处应用副词apparently“明显地”修饰动词destroyed。故填apparently。
57. The Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the ________ (object) of discovering a new treatment for malaria. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】objective
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国政府组建了一个科学家团队，目的是发现一种治疗疟疾的新方法。with the objective of “目标是”为固定短语。故填objective。
58. Choosing an________(occupy)takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】occupation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：选择职业需要时间，有很多事情你必须考虑。冠词an后用单数名词。故填occupation。
59. He has written two novels, both of _________ have been made into television series. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他写了两部小说，都被拍成了电视连续剧。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为novels，指代事物，作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
60. I would usually choose to live in a small town in _______ (prefer) to in a big city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】preference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我通常会选择住在小城镇而不愿住在大城市。in preference to是固定短语，意为“优先于”，故填preference。
61. It’s been________ (science) proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】scientifically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：科学证明，三个人解决问题比一个人更好，即使那个人是该领域最聪明的人。修饰动词proven，应用副词scientifically，故填scientifically。
62. In the________ (absent) of gray wolves, the deer population grew quickly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】absence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在没有灰狼的情况下，鹿的数量迅速增长。根据the可知，空处应填名词absence“缺席，不在”，为不可数名词，in the absence of“在没有……的情况下”。故填absence。
63. ________ (instant) you turn it on, you’ll get boiling water from the hot tap.
【答案】Instantly
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：你一打开它，热水龙头就会流出开水来。分析句子可知，此处为连词Instantly表示“一……就……”引导的时间状语从句，满足句意要求；设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填Instantly。
64. Our company is________ (commit) to providing high-quality products and services to our customers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】committed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们公司致力于为客户提供高品质的产品和服务。根据固定搭配be committed to意为“致力于”，可知，此空应填其过去分词形式的形容词。故填committed。
65. She is such a serious person that she attaches great importance to the________ (accurate) of details. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】accuracy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她是一个如此严肃的人，以至于她非常重视细节的准确性。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填名词accuracy“准确性”在句中作介词to的宾语，为不可数名词。故填accuracy。
第四节(共10小题:每题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面句子，用方框内所给短语完成句子，在空白处填入正确形式。
are persuaded into took up a position to keep in touch with place great emphasis on switch on out of a strong passion for sum up make great contributions to under no circumstances insist on
66. On coming back home, the little boy________________the TV.
67. As far as I’m concerned, it is necessary for us________________our friends in our daily life.
mitted himself to scientific researches, he________________his country.
69. He left a career in teaching and________________with the NEH soon.
70. While working there, ________________knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.
71. Tu Youyou’s life story tells me that________________shall we acknowledge defeat and that success will belong to those who ______________________trying.
72. The article________________the new achievements made in electronic computers.
73. While shopping, sometimes people________________buying something they don’t really need.
74. It’s high time that we________________the improvement of food safety.
【答案】66. switched on
67. to keep in touch with in
68. makes great contributions to
69. took up a position
70. out of a strong passion for
71. ①. under no circumstances ②. insist on
72. sums up
73. are persuaded into
74. placed great emphasis on
【解析】
【66题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：回到家后，小男孩打开了电视。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语switch on“打开”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，此处应为描述故去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填switched on。
【67题详解】
考查动词的不定式和动词短语。句意：在我看来，在我们的日常生活中，与朋友保持联系是必要的。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语keep in touch with in“保持联系”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，该句应为固定句型it is +adj. for sb to do sth“做某事对于某人来说是怎样的”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to keep in touch with in。
【68题详解】
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意：他致力于科学研究，为祖国做出了巨大贡献。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语make great contributions to“为……做出巨大贡献”，满足句意要求，结合主语he为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填makes great contributions to。
【69题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：他辞去了教学工作，不久就在NEH找到了一份工作。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语take up a position“在某个地方或组织中开始担任某个职位或角色”，满足句意要求，结合and连接的动词left可知，此处动词应为一般过去时。故填took up a position。
【70题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：在那里工作期间，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，并于1905年获得物理学博士学位。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语out of a strong passion for“出于对……的强烈热情”，满足句意要求。故填out of a strong passion for。
【71题详解】
考查介词短语和动词短语。句意：屠呦呦的人生故事告诉我，在任何情况下我们都不应该承认失败，成功属于那些坚持尝试的人。根据句意可知，该句第一空为介词短语under no circumstances“在任何情况下”，满足句意要求；该句第二空为动词短语insist on doing“坚持做某事”，满足句意要求。故分别填under no circumstances；insist on。
【72题详解】
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意：这篇文章总结了电子计算机方面的新成就。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语sum up“总结”，满足句意要求，结合主语The article为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填sums up。
【73题详解】
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意：在购物时，有时人们会被说服买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be persuaded into doing“被说服做某事”，结合主语people为复数意义名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填are persuaded into。
【74题详解】
考查动词短语和虚拟语气。句意：现在是我们高度重视提高食品安全的时候了。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语place great emphasis on“高度重视”，满足句意要求，结合该句为it is high time that…“是时候做……”的固定句型，要求用虚拟语气，这时，谓语动词用过去式。故填placed great emphasis on。
第三部分 写作(满分15分)
75. 在学校刚举办的科技创新设计大赛中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。请以“My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly”为题写一篇英语课堂前的一分钟汇报，内容包括：
1. 设计目的；
2. 功能介绍；
3. 你的期望。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly
Good morning, everyone!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening!
【答案】One Possible Version:
My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly
Good morning everyone! Having participated in the Technological Innovation Design Competition, I am considerably privileged to introduce my design to you.
Aim at promoting life quality for the elderly, the intelligent robot for the elderly can perform various functions. Not only can it keep them company and ease their loneliness by chatting in offspring’s absence, but it is also able to provide timely feedback to children, thus ensuring the safety of the old people’s life and relieving children’s concern. Additionally, equipped with supportive aids, this robot is qualified to deal with emergencies the elderly may encounter and send alerts to relevant departments when necessary.
It is my fervent hope that the elderly could be better taken care of with the help of my robots and that more attention could be paid to the issues and challenges facing them.
Thank you for listening!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以荣获一等奖的一款老人智能陪护机器人为前提，以“My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly”为题写一篇英语课堂前的一分钟汇报。
【详解】1.词汇积累
减轻：ease → moderate
促进：promote → facilitate
完成：perform → implement
帮助：help→ assistance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Having participated in the Technological Innovation Design Competition, I am considerably privileged to introduce my design to you.
拓展句：Because I have participated in the Technological Innovation Design Competition, I am considerably privileged to introduce my design to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only can it keep them company and ease their loneliness by chatting in offspring’s absence, but it is also able to provide timely feedback to children, thus ensuring the safety of the old people’s life and relieving children’s concern.（运用倒装句）
【高分句型2】It is my fervent hope that the elderly could be better taken care of with the help of my robots and that more attention could be paid to the issues and challenges facing them.
（运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句）惠州市实验中学2022级高二上学期10月月考试题
英语科
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的入、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are many reasons for visiting Rwanda. From breathtaking scenery to various cultures, it is full of hope and wonder. Here are some must-enjoy experiences for travelers.
Made-to-Order Fashion: Bighly colored cloth is shown at many stal (货摊) in the Kimironko Market in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda. Choose one piece that speaks to you and a talented tailor (裁缝) can make you the clothes of your choosing in about an hour. You will find hills, bats, bird wings and rivers popular on the cloth- they are a celebration of the county’s natural landscape and wildlife.
Incredible Wildlife Encounters: From mountain gorillas in the north to chimpanzees in the south, Rwanda is home to some of Africa’s most fascinating animals. Local guides help travelers explore rainforests and mountain areas. The first purpose-built gorilla research and education center was completed here in 2021.
Meet the Artists: Beautiful murals (壁画) appear from the sides of buildings as travelers make their way through the towns of Rwanda, leaving little doubt that gifted artists call the country home. Local pottery, sculptures and paintings are only the beginning of the choices art lovers will be excited about. Don’t miss the local people who perform at community gatherings and professional dancers and musicians who tell the history of the country to travelers through dance and music.
Create Your Own Adventure: Even the most experienced adventure traveler will find challenges in the hills here. Horseback riding at Fazenda Sengha high above Kigali Sure. A walk along a 70-metre high, 160-metre long Canopy Walkway in the wind above a natural rainforest Just say when. Rwanda seems built for adventure and guests who bring their curiosity won’t leave disappointed.
1. What do we know about the cloth in the Kimironko Market
A. Its colour is dull. B. Its sellers are usually gifted tailors.
C. It has various patterns on it. D. It can be made into clothes in minutes.
2. Which experience best suits animal lovers
A. Made-to-Order Fashion. B. Incredible Wildlife Encounters.
C. Meet the Artists. D. Create Your Own Adventure.
3. What can travelers do in Rwanda
A. Draw murals on buildings. B. Tell the stories of the country.
C. Design sculptures and potteries. D. Appreciate local people’s performances.
B
In 1998, professional musician Spielberg was pregnant (怀孕的) with twin girls when she suffered complications. An emergency cesarean (创腹产手术) was performed during the 22nd week of pregnancy. Sadly, one of the twins passed away, but Valerie survived.
Valerie was born weighing only 12 ounces and was the size of a can of soda. She was so small that she didn’t meet the hospital’s premature baby weight limit necessary to receive life-saving treatment. A kind nurse put a finger on the scale and recorded her weight at 17 ounces, just enough to make her receive medical support.
It was touch-and-go. To make matters worse, the hospital was very loud and busy. Spielberg thought it felt more like an emergency room than a healing environment. She wanted to drown out (盖过) the noises of the hospital.
She couldn’t bring her piano, so she played CDs for her daughter. Amazingly, Valerie improved. Her oxygen saturation levels increased, her blood pressure stabilized, and her heart’s rhythm became more steady. This wasn’t a fluke — it happened again and again for four months.
And it affected all of the other babies in the room as well Valerie’s health continued to improve after months of music and medical attention.
Having seen the amazing impact music had on her baby, Spielberg began working with music therapists. She also volunteered in nursing homes where she once inspired a silent man to speak with music. The elderly man’s wife had passed away and the pain seemed too much for him to handle. He had cut himself off from the world and hadn’t spoken in 6 months. When Spielberg unknowingly played his wedding song, the man broke out of his shell. He began singing and then asked to speak with his family.
Spielberg is still a professional musician. And these days she also teaches and speaks to audiences about the magic of music. Her daughter Valerie, now a healthy and happy young woman, has become a musician herself, playing both the piano and percussion.
4. What do we know about Valerie from paragraph 2
A. She was in great danger. B. She was adopted by a nurse.
C. She was too small to be weighed. D. She was given up by the hospital.
5. The underlined word “fluke” in paragraph 4 refers to something that occurs .
A. suddenly B. quickly C. accidentally D. regularly
6. What caused the man mentioned in paragraph 6 to be silent for months
A. An illness. B. An injury. C. Having no friends. D. Losing his wife.
7. What does the text intend to show us through Spielberg’s experiences
A. The power of music. B. The value of music.
C. Her musical life. D. Her musical talent.
C
Facial recognition cameras are everywhere, including in your smartphone. Many people rely on this technology to unlock their phones, open doors or make quick payments, but there is a problem: Everyone is wearing masks. What a hassle! And it’s tough to take them off in a short while and it annoys me a lot.
Now, tech companies have updated their software. Facial recognition technology can now identify people even if they are wearing a mask.
Beijing-based tech company Hanwang has announced a software which can correctly recognize 95 percent of people wearing masks, Engineering & Technology（E& T）reported. What’s the secret It’s all about your eyes. Marios Savvides, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University, US, studies facial recognition technology. As we get older, he said, our faces change shape, but not the area around our eyes. It stays the same—even if we put on weight. Another company, Geneva-based Tech 5, has also been working on this kind of software. Another Japan based NEC Corp claims an surprising 99.9 percent accuracy rate when identifying people with masks.
Facial recognition software is about more than just unlocking your phone. It’s about public safety. For example, you don’t need to present an ID card, which can be lost or stolen. It also means that viruses aren’t spread by touching things, said NEC’s Shinya Takeshima. “Touchless verification(验证)has become extremely important due to the coronavirus,” he said to Reuters. “We hope to contribute to safety and peace of mind.” More than that, facial recognition can be used to fight crime. “It can detect crime suspects,” said Huang Lei, Hanwang’s vice president. Similar technology is used by the United States Air Force and other governments.
Huang admits one big weakness of this cutting-edge technology: It fails when people wear both a mask and sunglasses. “In this situation, all of the key facial information is lost,” Huang said to E&T.
8. What does the underlined word “hassle” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. A trouble. B. A mistake.
C. A guideline. D. A habit.
9. The facial recognition software that can identify people with masks mainly depends on .
A. the forehead. B. the eye region.
C. the shape of faces. D. the facial expressions.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The future of facial recognition technology.
B. Different types of facial recognition software.
C. The advantages of facial recognition technology.
D. The problems with current facial recognition technology.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The new technology cannot keep key facial information.
B. Huang has a negative attitude toward the new technology.
C. It is necessary to make improvements in the new technology.
D. The new technology doesn’t work when people wear sunglasses.
D
The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation.
By studying the data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species’ chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs.
“We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate,” said Tong Qiu, who led the study. “That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.
“We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems,” said Qiu.
The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) and from 11previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed thr e-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond.
12. What does the new study in North America show
A. Pests could des troy many North American crops.
B. Some ground beetles will not survive a climate change.
C. The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat.
D. Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate.
13. What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in paragraphs 3 and 4
A. There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles.
B. Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer drier climate.
C. Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate.
D. The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognized.
14. How did the research team carry out the study
A. By analyzing data.
B. By assessing statistics.
C. By doing field research.
D. By studying documents.
15. What is the best title for the passage
A. North American Agriculture Crops at Risk
B. Crop-saving Beetles under Climate Threat
C. A Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way
D. Beetles’ Reaction to simulate Climate Changes
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all know the golden rule: treat others the way you want to be treated. This is an old proverb we learn from an early age.___16___
Have you ever noticed that when you do something nice for someone else, it makes you feel better too This isn’t just something that happens randomly (随机地). ___17___ Doing nice things for others increases your serotonin (血清素), which is responsible for feelings of satisfaction and well-being.
___18___ While there are several ways to reduce anxiety, it turns out that being nice to others can be one of the easiest, most inexpensive ways to keep anxiety at bay. University of British Columbia researchers found that participants who engaged in kind acts displayed significant increases in positive afct (积极情感) that lasted over the four weeks of their study. So, the next time you’re feeling anxious, look for opportunities to help others.
Making others feel good can “warm” your heart, sure — but being nice to others can also affect the actual chemical balance of your heart. Kindness releases the hormone oxytocin which reduces blood pressure and therefore protects the heart.___19___ Maybe that’s why they say nice, caring people have really big hearts.
Kindness can help you live longer. You may be shaking your head at this one, but there’s science to back it up. According to , you’re at a greater risk of heart disease if you don’t have a strong network of family and friends. When you’re kind to others, you develop strong, meaningful relationships and friendships.___20___
A. Anxiety is an extremely common human experience.
B. This behavior can help you handle stressful situations.
C. Kindness strengthens your heart physically and emotionally.
D. It has something to do with the pleasure centers in your brain.
E. Besides improving personal relationships, kindness can make you healthier.
F. So, make some new friends, or expand your kindness to the ones you already have.
G. However, there are a number of real-life benefits connected with the way we treat others.
第二部分 语言运用 (共五节，满分80分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Officer Joshua Scaglione of the Westland, Michigan Police Department was on duty when he spotted Dell’s Impala driving with tinted (染色) windows.___21___ his siren (警笛) and flicking on the lights, he pulled the car over to ask about the___22___ windows. It was then that Officer Scaglione ___23___ 3-year-old Lauren in the back of the vehicle — and without a baby car seat.
The police officer asked Dell why his 3-year-old daughter was not ___24___ in a car seat. The man answered as he fought back ___25___, explaining that it was due to some hard times. Dell told Seaglione how financially (经济上) he had been___26___ to keep his household above water, and that things like car seats were given a low___27___ below necessities like gas and food. The officer listened, as he took pity on the man who seemed to just want to ___28___ his family. He then asked Dell to follow him to the local Walmart, where the police officer ___29___ and paid for a seat to give to Dell and his daughter.
___30___, Dell posted his experience on Facebook in order to ___31___ the officer and his post went viral in the area.
“I’ve been in a___32___ situation like this guy before,” Scaglione said. “I___33___ it’d be better to help him out and just raise more ___34___about car safety rather than give him a ___35___ that would dig him deeper in a hole and make things worse for him.”
21.
A. Putting down B. Checking out C. Setting up D. Turing on
22.
A. closed B. broken C. illegal D. wrong
23.
A. met B. saw C. recognized D. caught
24.
A. riding B. driving C. playing D. sleeping
25.
A. tears B. anger C. surprise D. worries 山: an
26.
A. preparing B. managing C. struggling D. expecting
27.
A. rating B. mark C. price D. priority
28.
A. impact B. support C. comfort D. save
29.
A. stared at B. picked out C. lifted up D. sat on
30.
A. Satisfied B. Astonished C. Touched D. Excited
31.
A. encourage B. pay C. contact D. thank
32.
A. boring B. dangerous C. tough D. special
33.
A. figured B. remembered C. discovered D. admitted
34.
A. questions B. awareness C. doubts D. money
35.
A. fine B. lesson C. beating D. shock
第三节 语法填空1(共10小题;每小题1.5 分,满分15分)
(1)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou, ___36___ research led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and___37___ (think) to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.
Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo, China, on December 1930 and graduated ___38___ Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of___39___ ( scientist) with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers ___40___ (choose ) .
One medical text from the fourth century suggested ___41___ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a ___42___ (collect) of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. Using a lower temperature ___43___ (draw ) out the extract, she found a substance that worked.
According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded ___44___ Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just ____45____ (I). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.
(2)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you have not heard of Yangshi Lei, the ____46____(honour) name of the Lei family responsible for imperial architecture during the Qing Dynasty, then you have missed an important detail about the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and Yuanmingyuan Garden.
All the above great cultural relics and popular tourist attractions have been included on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, ____47____ surprisingly enough, they are all designed by the Lei family. ____48____ (represent) the great achievements of science and technology in ancient China, their architectural practice covered a wide range of city planning, imperial palaces, gardens, temples, princes’ residences and schools.
Yangshi____49____ (refer) to architect or architecture in Chinese. Yangshifang, the then government authority similar to the National Architecture Design Institute today, was in charge of site ____50____ (select), design and construction of imperial architectures.
____51____ (amaze), eight generations of the Lei family were appointed director of Yangshifang consecutively from 1662 to 1911.
With so many architectural____52____ (work) on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List, the Lei Family is____53____ unique phenomenon in the architectural history throughout the world. Apart from the grand architectures, China has another treasure left by the Lei family - design drafts. In the National Library of China alone, there ____54____ (be) up to 20,000 architectural design drafts, each of _____55_____ plays an important role in the research of the history of the Qing Dynasty and how architecture developed at the time.
第三节(共10小题:每题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
56. Tu Youyou concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood________ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties after numerous experiments.(所给词的适当形式填空)
57. The Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the ________ (object) of discovering a new treatment for malaria. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. Choosing an________(occupy)takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about. (所给词适当形式填空)
59. He has written two novels, both of _________ have been made into television series. (用适当的词填空)
60. I would usually choose to live in a small town in _______ (prefer) to in a big city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61. It’s been________ (science) proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field. (所给词适当形式填空)
62. In the________ (absent) of gray wolves, the deer population grew quickly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. ________ (instant) you turn it on, you’ll get boiling water from the hot tap.
64. Our company is________ (commit) to providing high-quality products and services to our customers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65. She is such a serious person that she attaches great importance to the________ (accurate) of details. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四节(共10小题:每题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面句子，用方框内所给短语完成句子，在空白处填入正确形式。
are persuaded into took up a position to keep in touch with place great emphasis on switch on out of a strong passion for sum up make great contributions to under no circumstances insist on
66. On coming back home, the little boy________________the TV.
67. As far as I’m concerned it is necessary for us________________our friends in our daily life.
mitted himself to scientific researches, he________________his country.
69. He left a career in teaching and________________with the NEH soon.
70. While working there, ________________knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.
71. Tu Youyou’s life story tells me that________________shall we acknowledge defeat and that success will belong to those who ______________________trying.
72. The article________________the new achievements made in electronic computers.
73. While shopping, sometimes people________________buying something they don’t really need.
74. It’s high time that we________________the improvement of food safety.
第三部分 写作(满分15分)
75. 在学校刚举办的科技创新设计大赛中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。请以“My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly”为题写一篇英语课堂前的一分钟汇报，内容包括：
1. 设计目的；
2. 功能介绍；
3. 你的期望。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly
Good morning, everyone!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening!
