备战2024年高考英语模拟卷02（北京卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On a sunny afternoon, Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago’s 69th Street station. The 20-year-old, who worked nights in a grocery store, was on his way to see his 1 .
On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! As Perry and other horrified passengers watched, he shook uncontrollably as the 2 moved through his body.
“Help him!” someone cried. “Please, someone!”
Perry couldn’t just stand there and 3 . He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down. 4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim, using a high-knee technique from his high school football days.
Perry soon reached down and grasped the victim’s wrist. 5 , he felt a powerful electric shock shoot through his body. Perry jumped back. He reached down a second time, and was shocked again. But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from the 6 .
“Give him chest compressions!” yelled an old lady on the platform.
Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man’s heart until the victim regained 7 . Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the professionals 8 . Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s.
The evening news reported the incident, 9 an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life. To many, Perry’s 10 deeds demonstrated the power of choosing compassion over personal safety.
1．A．manager B．client C．grandfather D．aunt
2．A．current B．oxygen C．wave D．blood
3．A．imagine B．watch C．shout D．record
4．A．Hoping B．Assuming C．Complaining D．Recalling
5．A．Instantly B．Slightly C．Normally D．Surprisingly
6．A．train B．crowds C．platform D．rails
7．A．strength B．balance C．consciousness D．control
8．A．look ahead B．take over C．get around D．keep away
9．A．providing B．engaging C．assisting D．crediting
10．A．generous B．grateful C．courageous D．faithful
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anthony Perry在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A. manager经理；B. client客户；C. grandfather祖父；D. aunt姑妈，伯母。根据后文“Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s.(电击后心脏还在加速跳动，他爬上平台，抓起东西，继续向祖父的房间走去。)”可知，佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。A. current气流；电流；B. oxygen氧气；C. wave海浪；大海；D. blood血。根据上句“On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! (在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A. imagine想象；B. watch看；C. shout呼喊；D. record记录。根据后句“He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。
4．考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A. Hoping希望；B. Assuming假设，认为；C. Complaining抱怨；D. Recalling回忆。根据本句“he quickly leaped towards the victim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受害者扑去。故选B。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Normally通常，平常；D. Surprisingly 惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“ 4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A. train火车；B. crowds人群；C. platform平台；D. rails铁路。根据上文“On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks!( 在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A. strength体力；B. balance平衡；C. consciousness意识；D. control控制，掌管。根据本句“he worked on the man’s heart (他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。
8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A. look ahead向前看；B. take over接管；C. get around规避，逃避；D. keep away远离，避开。根据上句“Then, first-aiders arrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”可知，急救人员赶到后，佩里他们接手。故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A. providing提供；B. engaging参加；C. assisting帮助；D. crediting赞扬。根据本句“an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。A. generous慷慨的；B. grateful感谢的，感激的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据上文“But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from the 6 .(但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Kenneth Shinozuka was 10 when his grandfather, 11 has Alzheimer’s disease, began to wander. He wanted to invent something to help. That turned out to be a pressure sensor in a sock. The sensor will send an alarm to a caregiver’s smartphone as soon as a patient 12 (step) out of bed. Today Kenneth continues to improve his invention 13 (help) caregivers get an alarm from any distance. His biggest dream is to one day find cures for all Alzheimer’s.
【答案】11．who 12．steps 13．to help
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kenneth Shinozuka为帮助患有阿尔茨海默病的祖父而发明了压力传感器，并不断改进它以帮助更多的护理人员。
11．考查定语从句。句意：Kenneth Shinozuka 10岁时，他患有阿尔兹海默的祖父病情开始显现。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是his grandfather，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
12．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：传感器会在病人踏出病床时立即向护理人员的智能手机发送警报。连词短语as soon as引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。主语 a patient是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填steps。
13．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，Kenneth继续改进他的发明，以帮助护理人员从任何距离获得警报。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to help。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fishing is my favorite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even 14 (lucky). I never catch anything — not even old boots. 15 (spend) whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. Very often I 16 (advice) to give up fishing because my friends believe it’s a waste of time for me. But they 17 (not realize) one important thing. I’m not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!
【答案】14．less lucky 15．Having spent 16．am advised 17．don’t realize
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者喜欢钓鱼。虽然他总是钓不到鱼，但他更享受坐在船上无所事事的感觉。
14．考查形容词比较级。句意：我就更不幸运了。提示词lucky是形容词，作表语，结合下文“I never catch anything”可知，作者比前面提到的钓者“更不幸”，用比较级less lucky。故填less lucky。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：在河上度过了整个上午后，我回家时总是空着袋子。“(spend) whole mornings on the river”作时间状语，spend是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，且“在河上度过了整个上午”发生在主句中“我回家”这一动作之前，应用现在分词的完成式，表示主动和动作已经发生；句首单词首字母大写。故填Having spent。
16．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我经常被建议放弃钓鱼，因为我的朋友认为这对我来说是浪费时间。提示词advice(建议)是名词，在主句中作谓语动词，应用动词advise(建议)，与主语I之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Very often可知，描述经常发生的事情，应用一般现在时的被动语态，又因主语是I，助动词用am。故填am advised。
17．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但他们没有意识到一件重要的事情。realize是谓语动词，与主语they之间是主动关系，结合语境，描述当前的状态，用一般现在时态，主语是复数代词，谓语用复数形式；结合提示词not可知，应用否定形式，借助助动词do构成一般现在时的否定形式don’t realize。故填don’t realize。
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A study shows 176 bird species have been found to build nests with human litter, such as plastic bags and fishing nets. 18 worries the scientists is that such materials can harm chicks and even adult birds. The study 19 (review) research covering almost 35,000 nests and finds that birds use human-made materials in nests on all continents except Antarctica. While such behaviour 20 (observe) as early as in the 1830s, in recent years it has undoubtedly increased.
【答案】18．What 19．reviews 20．was observed
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，已经发现176种鸟类用塑料袋和渔网等人类垃圾筑巢。科学家们担心的是，这些材料会伤害雏鸟甚至成年鸟。
18．考查主语从句。句意：科学家们担心的是，这些材料会伤害雏鸟甚至成年鸟。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物应用what，首字母大写。故填What。
19．考查时态。句意：这项研究回顾了覆盖近35000个巢穴的研究，发现除南极洲外，所有大陆的鸟类都在巢穴中使用人造材料。根据后文and finds可知为一般现在时，主语为study，谓语用三单形式。故填reviews。
20．考查时态语态。句意：尽管早在19世纪30年代就观察到了这种行为，但近年来这种行为无疑有所增加。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in the 1830s可知发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为behaviour，谓语用单数。故填was observed。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Britain is arguably the great walking nation. About two-thirds of us already head out to stretch our legs once a week. The following festivals offer a wealth of organized walks, but walkers should register in advance.
Prestatyn and Clwydian Range festival
Visitors to Wales tend to move west, to either the well-worn tracks of Snowdonia or the Pembrokeshire Coast Path. There are 25 walks packed into the three days, with various options available, including a half-mile Roman-themed adventure, an eight-mile walk exploring the life of 18th-century Welsh naturalist and travel writer Thomas Pennant and a 21-mile Offa’s Dyke challenge. All walks are free.
Denbighshire, Wales, 19-21 May
Otley walking festival
This local festival has grown from humble origins in 2000 into a busy schedule of 50 short-distance walks and events celebrating the lives and landscapes of Wharfedale in West Yorkshire. One might enjoy the Five Pubs Walk, Walking With Wine, Four More Pubs or Lost Pubs of Otley. All walks are free, though there is sometimes a small charge for transport.
Otley, West Yorkshire, 24 June-3 July
Dartmoor offroading walking festival
Dartmoor delights (使高兴) walkers because, while tracks are there to be followed, the lack of wire and other barriers, and the relatively small number of farm buildings on the higher ground, create a sensation of freedom. The six free wheelchair walks, starting daily at 11am, explore Dartmoor’s industrial history, bronze age valuables and Victorian railway builders.
Devon, 27 August-2 September
Gower walking festival
With more superb walking options inside a single landscape than perhaps anywhere else, the Gower peninsula (半岛) sometimes feels as if it’s all coast. The further information for this nine-day festival, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Wales Coast Path (WCP), has yet to be finalized. Half of the walks offered during the festival will be on the coastal path, 10 adults, over-sixes 6.
Glamorgan, 2-10 September
21．Which festival is friendly to the disabled
A．Prestatyn and Clwydian Range festival. B．Otley walking festival.
C．Dartmoor offroading walking festival. D．Gower walking festival.
22．What do we know about Gower walking festival
A．It has the most superb walking options. B．Half of the walks last for a whole week.
C．It’s aimed to advocate coastal protection. D．The final details remain to be confirmed.
23．What do the listed festivals have in common
A．They are offered free of charge. B．They require prior registeration.
C．They take advantage of the coast. D．They are physically demanding.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国四个有名的步行节。
21．推理判断题。根据Dartmoor offroading walking festival下列段落中“Dartmoor delights (使高兴) walkers because, while tracks are there to be followed, the lack of wire and other barriers, and the relatively small number of farm buildings on the higher ground, create a sensation of freedom. (Dartmoor让步行者感到高兴，因为尽管有小路可走，但没有电线和其他障碍物，高地上相对较少的农场建筑，给人一种自由的感觉)”可推知，这里对残疾人也是有帮助的。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据Gower walking festival下列段落“The further information for this nine-day festival, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Wales Coast Path (WCP), has yet to be finalized. (这个为期九天的节日庆祝威尔士海岸小径（WCP）十周年，其进一步信息尚未最终确定)”可知，关于Gower walking festival最后的细节还有待确定。故选D项。
23． 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The following festivals offer a wealth of organized walks, but walkers should register in advance. (接下来的节日提供了丰富的有组织的步行活动，但步行者应该提前登记)”可知，这些节日的共同点是：要求提前登记。故选B项。
B
Hem an Bekele is not your typical high school student．Rather than spending his free time playing video games or staring at his phone, this 14 year-old from Fairfax, Virginia was calling professors and conducting experiments, all to create a soap that could treat skin cancer, and to make it affordable for everyone who needs it．His work won him the grand prize in this year’s 3M Young Scientist’s Challenge, a competition that encourages kids to think of unique ways to solve everyday problems.
Growing up in Ethiopia, Bekele found in pity that people working outside were likely to end up getting skin cancer．Skin cancer did have cures and was treatable in most cases．However, the average price of skin cancer treatment globally was almost $40,000．Those shocking statistics really inspired him to create a more accessible solution．He started doing experiments and working on different things, and that turned into his bar of soap as a project.
A lot of his research and development started in his family’s kitchen and in his basement．But as he reached the final of the competition, he realized that he did need to do a little bit more outside of just his house．So he reached out to people at University of Virginia and people at Georgetown, and he got a lot of assistance．The number one person would be Deborah Isabelle, who helped him organize and structure his ideas during the finalist competition．Bekele said that he definitely couldn’t have done that all by himself.
Bekele’s award-winning soap is a compound based bar of soap and it’s charged with different cancer fighting chemicals．The color of the soap is a bit of a dark type of white and it has a rough surface, which could be a good exfoliant（去角质剂）．It does have a strong medicine smell and feel a bit stickier．The whole point of it is that even once you wash off the soaps, the medicinal parts will stay on your skin．It can activate the body’s immune cells to defend cancer.
Bekele won 25,000 prize money and he was going to use it to continue research．He said, “I still need a lot of resources to be able to conduct this research, so this money will definitely help me achieve it.”
24．Why did Heman Bekele start working on creating the soap
A．Because he thought it was a fun project.
B．Because he wanted to win a science competition.
C．Because he found skin cancer treatment unaffordable.
D．Because he wanted to create a unique soap for everyone.
25．What can we learn from Bekele’s preparations for the final
A．Well begun is half done. B．Learn humbly, ask willingly.
C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Hope for the best, prepare for the worst.
26．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about
A．What features the soap has. B．How the soap is used.
C．What chemicals the soap contains. D．How the soap is produced.
27．Which words can be used to describe Bekele according to the passage
A．Patient and talented. B．Friendly and ambitious.
C．Cautious and generous. D．Caring and devoted.
【答案】24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位14岁学生Heman Bekele，通过自身努力和不断寻求帮助，发明了一种普通人能负担起的抗击皮肤癌的肥皂，因此获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中 “Skin cancer did have cures and was treatable in most cases. However, the average price of skin cancer treatment globally was almost $40,000. Those shocking statistics really inspired him to create a more accessible solution．”（皮肤癌确实可以治愈，而且在大多数情况下是可以治疗的。然而，全球皮肤癌治疗的平均价格接近4万美元。这些令人震惊的统计数据确实激发了他创造一个人们更容易获得的解决方案。）可知, Heman Bekele 正是因为发现很多皮肤癌患者负担不起治疗费用，才决心发明治疗皮肤癌的肥皂，让人们能够负担得起治疗费用。故选 C项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段的“So he reached out to people at University of Virginia and people at Georgetown, and he got a lot of assistance. The number one person would be Deborah Isabelle, who helped him organize and structure his ideas during the finalist competition.”（所以他联系了弗吉尼亚大学和乔治城大学的老师，他得到了很多帮助。排名第一的人是黛博拉·伊莎贝尔（Deborah Isabelle），她在决赛中帮助他筹备和组织了他的想法。）可知，Heman Bekele 在最后阶段寻求了很多外界的帮助。A 是“良好的开端是成功的一半”；B 是“虚心学习，乐意请教”；C 是“事实胜于雄辩”；D 是“抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算”。故选 B项。
26．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Bekele’s award-winning soap is a compound based bar of soap and it’s charged with different cancer fighting chemicals．The color of the soap is a bit of a dark type of white and it has a rough surface, which could be a good exfoliant（去角质剂）．It does have a strong medicine smell and feel a bit stickier．The whole point of it is that even once you wash off the soaps, the medicinal parts will stay on your skin．It can activate the body’s immune cells to defend cancer.”（Bekele的获奖肥皂是一种复合肥皂，它含有不同的抗癌化学物质。肥皂的颜色有点暗白色，表面粗糙，可能是一种很好的去角质剂。它确实有强烈的药味，摸起来有点粘。重点是，即使你洗掉了肥皂，药用成分也会留在你的皮肤上。它可以激活人体的免疫细胞来防御癌症。）可知，该段主要描述了肥皂的成分、颜色、气味和功效等特征。故选 A项。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, the average price of skin cancer treatment globally was almost $40,000. Those shocking statistics really inspired him to create a more accessible solution．”（然而，全球皮肤癌治疗的平均价格接近4万美元。这些令人震惊的统计数据确实激发了他创造一个人们更容易获得的解决方案。）可知Heman Bekele关心他人；又根据第一段中“Rather than spending his free time playing video games or staring at his phone, this 14 year-old from Fairfax, Virginia was calling professors and conducting experiments, all to create a soap that could treat skin cancer, and to make it affordable for everyone who needs it．”（这个来自弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯的14岁男孩没有把空闲时间花在玩电子游戏或盯着手机上，而是打电话给教授并进行实验，所有这些都是为了创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的肥皂，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。）；以及最后一段“Bekele won 25,000 prize money and he was going to use it to continue research．”（Bekele赢得了2.5万美元的奖金，他打算用这笔钱继续研究。）可知，他全心全意地投入到研究抗癌肥皂。故选 D项。
C
Scientists in Canada are really worried about a serious problem affecting an important animal: the bat. This problem is called white-nose syndrome (症状), and it comes from a harmful fungus (真菌) that attacks the nose, wings, and skin of bats when they sleep together in caves. It started in a cave in Russia in 2006 and has quickly spread to 19 countries, including Canada.
Researchers found that the fungus usually exists in very cold places like the poles. Even though they’re not totally sure exactly how it hurts the bats, one of the most accepted views is that it makes them uncomfortable. This makes the bats stay awake a little bit more and uses up their stored fat, leading to them not having enough food, which causes them to die. More than 5.5 million bats of nine types in Canada have already died from this sickness. If it reaches more bat groups in the Southeast and Midwest provinces, endangered bat s like the Tiger bat and Figgie big-eared bat might disappear forever.
Losing these animals is a big deal for Canadians, even for the whole world, because, in warm months, bats fly at night and eat a lot of insects. They help control the number of bugs that harm forests and spread diseases which can cause a whole bunch of problems. It’s quite an alarming thing, given that the reduction in the number of bats will almost certainly disrupt (扰乱) the harmony in the ecosystem and lead to disasters. The Canadian government is taking this seriously and is thinking about giving money for detailed research on the disease because the possible results could be really bad, like what one lawmaker called “an ecological and economic disaster.” Experts are hired to watch bat colonies (群) more closely, working with other countries and organizations, and making strict rules to limit the movement of things that might have the fungus.
Additionally, public awareness campaigns are being conducted to gain support for bat conservation efforts and promote responsible cave exploration practices to minimize the risk of disease transmission. The Canadian government remains committed to preserving its bat populations and the crucial ecological balance they bring to the environment.
28．What might be the reason of the bats’ death
A．Their sleeping together B．Lack of sleep
C．Starvation D．Not feeling comfortable
29．What is the main concern about the extinction of the bat in Canada
A．The spread of the disease.
B．The destruction of the forests.
C．The imbalance of the ecosystem.
D．The increase of the insect population.
30．Which of the following is not a measure taken by Canada regarding to the White-Nose Syndrome
A．Engaging specialists to monitor bat colonies
B．Carrying out activities to enhance people’s consciousness
C．Collaborating with other nations
D．Prohibiting the movement of bats
31．What is the author’s attitude toward the problem of the harmful fungus to the bats
A．objective B．positive
C．indifferent D．pessimistic
【答案】28．C 29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种针对蝙蝠的致命真菌以及它的影响，还有加拿大政府对此生态危机所采取的措施。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Researchers found that the fungus usually exists in very cold places like the poles. Even though they’re not totally sure exactly how it hurts the bats, one of the most accepted views is that it makes them uncomfortable. This makes the bats stay awake a little bit more and uses up their stored fat, leading to them not having enough food, which causes them to die.(研究人员发现，这种真菌通常存在于极地等非常寒冷的地方。尽管他们不完全确定它是如何伤害蝙蝠的，但最被接受的观点之一是，它让它们感到不舒服。这使得蝙蝠保持清醒的时间更长，消耗了储存的脂肪，导致它们没有足够的食物，从而导致它们死亡。)”可知，蝙蝠死亡的原因可能是由于饥饿。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They help control the number of bugs that harm forests and spread diseases which can cause a whole bunch of problems. It’s quite an alarming thing, given that the reduction in the number of bats will almost certainly disrupt (扰乱) the harmony in the ecosystem and lead to disasters.(它们有助于控制危害森林和传播疾病的虫子的数量，这些虫子会导致一大堆问题。这是一件非常令人担忧的事情，因为蝙蝠数量的减少几乎肯定会破坏生态系统的和谐，并导致灾难。)”可知，加拿大蝙蝠灭绝导致生态系统的不平衡，这是一件令人担忧的事情。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Experts are hired to watch bat colonies (群) more closely, working with other countries and organizations, and making strict rules to limit the movement of things that might have the fungus.(专家们被雇佣来更密切地观察蝙蝠群落，与其他国家和组织合作，并制定严格的规则来限制可能携带真菌的东西的移动。)”和第四段“Additionally, public awareness campaigns are being conducted to gain support for bat conservation efforts and promote responsible cave exploration practices to minimize the risk of disease transmission.(此外，正在开展提高公众认识运动，以获得对蝙蝠保护工作的支持，并促进负责任的洞穴勘探做法，以尽量减少疾病传播的风险。)”可知，政府制定严格的规定，限制可能携带真菌的物品的流动，并没有说禁止蝙蝠的活动。故选D。
31．推理判断题。本文旨在说明一个真菌感染蝙蝠，导致问题以及政府所采取的措施，作者并未强加任何主观色彩。由此可知，作者对蝙蝠有害真菌问题的态度是客观的。故选A。
D
When we’re solving a complicated problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We’re looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible. I love seeing it happen — except for one tiny wrinkle. Group brainstorming usually backfires.
Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.” But the problem isn’t meetings themselves — it’s how we run them.
Think about the brainstorming sessions you’ve attended. You’ve probably seen people bite their tongues due to ego threat (“I don’t want to look stupid.”), noise (“We can’t all talk at once.”), and conformity pressure (“Let’s all jump on the boss’s ship!”). Goodbye diversity of thought, hello groupthink.
To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group. To preserve independent judgment, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing them, teams can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.
Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that a key to collective intelligence is full and fair participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all voice s are brought into the conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room — it’s to make the room smarter.
Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity. But it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means that they come up with more brilliant ideas than groups — but also more terrible ideas than groups. It takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring the best ideas to fruition.
32．Both John Smith and the author may agree that brainstorming meetings fail to ______.
A．assess humans potential B．simplify problems quickly
C．accept possible good ideas D．get the most out of individuals
33．What does the underlined word “lopsided” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A．Informal. B．Unbalanced. C．Improper. D．Unpleasant.
34．The author writes this passage mainly to ______.
A．challenge a conclusion B．make a comparison
C．advocate a practice D．introduce a research
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了头脑风暴会议不能最大限度地发挥个人的潜能，建议通过“头脑写作”来挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，并说明了这一方法有效的原因。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.”(大量证据表明，当我们一起产生想法时，我们不太可能最大化集体智慧。正如幽默作家约翰·史密斯所说：“如果你必须用一个词来说明人类没有、也永远不会实现其全部潜力的原因，这个词就是：‘会议’。”)”可知，约翰·史密斯和作者可能都同意，头脑风暴会议不能最大限度地发挥个人的潜能。故选D。
33．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. (在头脑风暴会议中，参与很容易变得lopsided，有利于最自负、最响亮的声音和最有权势的人)”可知，头脑风暴会议中，参与者很容易倾向于最自负、声音最大和最有权势的人，即变得不平衡。故划线词意思是“不平衡的”。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段“To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. (为了挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，我们最好不要进行头脑风暴，而是转向一种叫做“头脑写作”的过程)”以及倒数第二段“Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. (组织行为学学者安妮塔·伍利及其同事的研究有助于解释这种方法为何有效)”结合文章主要说明了头脑风暴会议不能最大限度地发挥个人的潜能，建议通过“头脑写作”来挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，并说明了这一方法有效的原因。可推知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了提倡一种做法。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How We Talk about Fear Matters
Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world. How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally.
Get the root of fear.
35 . In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago. This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through.
Figure out the emotional meaning of fear.
Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture. 36 . For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.
Find out a fearful pattern.
In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise. 37 .
38
How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.
In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience. 39 . Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
A．Talk more about fears
B．Change our perception of fear
C．The word fear has a long history in English
D．There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families
E．This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words
F．It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it
G．This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense
【答案】35．C 36．E 37．G 38．B 39．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该如何去谈论恐惧。
35．下文“In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago.(在盎格鲁-撒克逊时代，“恐惧”主要指突然发生的危险。这个词的词根可以追溯到大约6000年前印欧语的“pēr”)”介绍了“恐惧”一词可追溯到约6000年前，是对C项“The word fear has a long history in English(“恐惧”这个词在英语中有很长的历史)”内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
36．上文“Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture.(对情绪的看法是积极的还是消极的，因文化而异)”指出恐惧的情绪含义因文化而异，下文“For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.(例如，在英语中，单词“anxious”可以用来表示“担心的”或“急切的”。但是“anxious”这个词在达格瓦语中只是“后悔”的意思。因此，许多说英语的人可能不会像说达瓜语的人那样消极地看待“anxiety”)”用举例的方法说明了一个词汇的情绪含义是积极或消极因文化而异，与人们所习得的情绪相关，是对上文和E项“This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words(这是基于人们已经学到的与情感词汇相关的情绪)”内容的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
37．上文“In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise.(在研究主要语系的这种模式时，研究人员发现，在印欧语系中，“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起。但在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起)”指出，在印欧语系中“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起，而在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起，由此可知，对使用南岛语的人来说，“恐惧”一词不会带来太多的消极情绪。G项“This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense(这使得说后一种语言的人不太会将“恐惧”与消极的感觉联系在一起)”承接上文，表达了同样的意思，句中“the latter”照应上文“in Austronesian languages”。故选G项。
38．设空句是段首主题句，根据下文“How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.(我们谈论恐惧的方式会改变我们对恐惧的反应。当我们谈论让我们害怕的事情时，打破相关的含义可能是有用的。此外，我们的语言如何对情绪进行分类似乎会影响我们对这些情绪的看法是消极的还是积极的)”可知，本段说明我们对恐惧认知会影响我们对恐惧的反应，建议打破其相关含义，改变对恐惧的看法，故“Change our perception of fear(改变我们对恐惧的看法)”是本段内容最佳概括。故选B项。
39．上文“In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience.(总之，恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的)”总结全文，得出结论：恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的，F项“It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it (它打开了一扇门，让我们有可能改变我们谈论和应对它的方式)”承接上文，说明这一认知的作用：让我们可能改变我们谈论和应对恐惧的方式，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in China, running from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south. It stretches for nearly 3,200 kilometers and passes through eight of the country’s provinces and municipalities.
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, the canal is the longest and oldest artificial river in the world. It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal is 82 km long. Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
The city government has unveiled two development plans: the first is an implementation plan for the protection, inheritance and utilization of the canal’s cultural values; the second is a construction plan for building a Grand Canal-themed national cultural park.
The plan sets up three implementation milestones in the next five years. In 2020, efforts have been made to lay a firm foundation for the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, with the Tongzhou section of the canal open to navigation and a management mechanism of the park established. By 2023, significant progress is expected to be made in coordinating the protection and utilization of cultural resources along the canal, with the national cultural park basically set up. By 2025, the park will become a new cultural landmark in Beijing. The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development. Cities along the canal by then will welcome further coordinated or integrated development.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal, a valued asset for the capital, is marked out as a river boasting rich cultural resources, ecological value, social benefits and economic potential. The capital is set to roll out more measures to bring out the best in the canal.
40．According to the passage, what roles has the Grand Canal played
41．What does the Beijing government consider a top priority for protection along the Grand Canal
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks, the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.
43．There are many UNESCO World Heritage sites in China. What can we do to protect them (In about 40 words)
【答案】40．The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability. 41．Cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government. 42．The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan, The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development. 43．To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河在国内外的重要地位以及北京政府对于京杭大运河北京段未来的两个发展计划。
40．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.（它在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用并在今天被用作主要的交通手段。）”可知，京杭大运河在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用，故答案为The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability.
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.（沿河两岸的文物和遗迹是文化重要的标志并且被当地政府视为保护的重中之重。）”可知，当地政府视为保护的重中之重的部分是京杭大运河两岸的文物和遗迹，故答案为Cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
42．考查推理判断。根据第五段“The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.（随着沿河两岸的文化资源保护和生态保护有了显著的改善，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业发展的改善。）”可知，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业的改善，推断出划线部分中工业得到改善是错误的。故答案为The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan, The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
43．开放性试题。题目要求写出对于世界文化遗产的保护措施，可以从利用媒体唤起人们的保护意识，利用法律约束和学校教育三个方面入手，故答案为To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.
第二节(20分)
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在你们学校网站上看到了学生参加职业规划与体验活动的照片。很感兴趣，发来邮件询问、请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 该项活动的相关信息（时间、内容……）；
2. 你参加该项活动的感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：职业规划 career planning
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank you for your letter. I’m glad to tell you about those photos.
Last Saturday our school organized a “career planning” activity. My classmates and I attended a lecture given by one of our teachers. After the lecture we went to the school playground to experience the future career by enjoying the pictures of people working displayed there. What attracted us most is the picture of a robot doctor performing operation to a patient. Then our teacher gave us some helpful advice.
I am very happy because I found the picture of my dream university and I am fully convinced that I will be a famous doctor in the future.
Yours,
【导语】这是一封介绍信。要求考生以李华的身份向英国好友Jim介绍你校举行的职业规划与体验活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
告诉：tell → inform
体验：experience → learn through practice
展览：display → exhibit
有益的：be helpful → be beneficial
2.句式拓展
简单句变为复合句
原句：Last Saturday our school organized a “career planning” activity. My classmates and I attended a lecture given by one of our teachers.
拓展句：Last Saturday our school organized a “career planning” activity in which my classmates and I attended a lecture given by one of our teachers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】After the lecture we went to the school playground to experience the future career by enjoying the pictures of people working displayed there.（运用了动名词短语作宾语）
【高分句型2】What attracted us most is the picture of a robot doctor performing operation to a patient.（运用了what引导主语从句）
www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）备战2024年高考英语模拟卷02（北京卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On a sunny afternoon, Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago’s 69th Street station. The 20-year-old, who worked nights in a grocery store, was on his way to see his 1 .
On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! As Perry and other horrified passengers watched, he shook uncontrollably as the 2 moved through his body.
“Help him!” someone cried. “Please, someone!”
Perry couldn’t just stand there and 3 . He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down. 4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim, using a high-knee technique from his high school football days.
Perry soon reached down and grasped the victim’s wrist. 5 , he felt a powerful electric shock shoot through his body. Perry jumped back. He reached down a second time, and was shocked again. But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from the 6 .
“Give him chest compressions!” yelled an old lady on the platform.
Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man’s heart until the victim regained 7 . Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the professionals 8 . Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s.
The evening news reported the incident, 9 an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life. To many, Perry’s 10 deeds demonstrated the power of choosing compassion over personal safety.
1．A．manager B．client C．grandfather D．aunt
2．A．current B．oxygen C．wave D．blood
3．A．imagine B．watch C．shout D．record
4．A．Hoping B．Assuming C．Complaining D．Recalling
5．A．Instantly B．Slightly C．Normally D．Surprisingly
6．A．train B．crowds C．platform D．rails
7．A．strength B．balance C．consciousness D．control
8．A．look ahead B．take over C．get around D．keep away
9．A．providing B．engaging C．assisting D．crediting
10．A．generous B．grateful C．courageous D．faithful
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Kenneth Shinozuka was 10 when his grandfather, 11 has Alzheimer’s disease, began to wander. He wanted to invent something to help. That turned out to be a pressure sensor in a sock. The sensor will send an alarm to a caregiver’s smartphone as soon as a patient 12 (step) out of bed. Today Kenneth continues to improve his invention 13 (help) caregivers get an alarm from any distance. His biggest dream is to one day find cures for all Alzheimer’s.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fishing is my favorite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even 14 (lucky). I never catch anything — not even old boots. 15 (spend) whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. Very often I 16 (advice) to give up fishing because my friends believe it’s a waste of time for me. But they 17 (not realize) one important thing. I’m not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A study shows 176 bird species have been found to build nests with human litter, such as plastic bags and fishing nets. 18 worries the scientists is that such materials can harm chicks and even adult birds. The study 19 (review) research covering almost 35,000 nests and finds that birds use human-made materials in nests on all continents except Antarctica. While such behaviour 20 (observe) as early as in the 1830s, in recent years it has undoubtedly increased.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Britain is arguably the great walking nation. About two-thirds of us already head out to stretch our legs once a week. The following festivals offer a wealth of organized walks, but walkers should register in advance.
Prestatyn and Clwydian Range festival
Visitors to Wales tend to move west, to either the well-worn tracks of Snowdonia or the Pembrokeshire Coast Path. There are 25 walks packed into the three days, with various options available, including a half-mile Roman-themed adventure, an eight-mile walk exploring the life of 18th-century Welsh naturalist and travel writer Thomas Pennant and a 21-mile Offa’s Dyke challenge. All walks are free.
Denbighshire, Wales, 19-21 May
Otley walking festival
This local festival has grown from humble origins in 2000 into a busy schedule of 50 short-distance walks and events celebrating the lives and landscapes of Wharfedale in West Yorkshire. One might enjoy the Five Pubs Walk, Walking With Wine, Four More Pubs or Lost Pubs of Otley. All walks are free, though there is sometimes a small charge for transport.
Otley, West Yorkshire, 24 June-3 July
Dartmoor offroading walking festival
Dartmoor delights (使高兴) walkers because, while tracks are there to be followed, the lack of wire and other barriers, and the relatively small number of farm buildings on the higher ground, create a sensation of freedom. The six free wheelchair walks, starting daily at 11am, explore Dartmoor’s industrial history, bronze age valuables and Victorian railway builders.
Devon, 27 August-2 September
Gower walking festival
With more superb walking options inside a single landscape than perhaps anywhere else, the Gower peninsula (半岛) sometimes feels as if it’s all coast. The further information for this nine-day festival, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Wales Coast Path (WCP), has yet to be finalized. Half of the walks offered during the festival will be on the coastal path, 10 adults, over-sixes 6.
Glamorgan, 2-10 September
21．Which festival is friendly to the disabled
A．Prestatyn and Clwydian Range festival. B．Otley walking festival.
C．Dartmoor offroading walking festival. D．Gower walking festival.
22．What do we know about Gower walking festival
A．It has the most superb walking options. B．Half of the walks last for a whole week.
C．It’s aimed to advocate coastal protection. D．The final details remain to be confirmed.
23．What do the listed festivals have in common
A．They are offered free of charge. B．They require prior registeration.
C．They take advantage of the coast. D．They are physically demanding.
B
Hem an Bekele is not your typical high school student．Rather than spending his free time playing video games or staring at his phone, this 14 year-old from Fairfax, Virginia was calling professors and conducting experiments, all to create a soap that could treat skin cancer, and to make it affordable for everyone who needs it．His work won him the grand prize in this year’s 3M Young Scientist’s Challenge, a competition that encourages kids to think of unique ways to solve everyday problems.
Growing up in Ethiopia, Bekele found in pity that people working outside were likely to end up getting skin cancer．Skin cancer did have cures and was treatable in most cases．However, the average price of skin cancer treatment globally was almost $40,000．Those shocking statistics really inspired him to create a more accessible solution．He started doing experiments and working on different things, and that turned into his bar of soap as a project.
A lot of his research and development started in his family’s kitchen and in his basement．But as he reached the final of the competition, he realized that he did need to do a little bit more outside of just his house．So he reached out to people at University of Virginia and people at Georgetown, and he got a lot of assistance．The number one person would be Deborah Isabelle, who helped him organize and structure his ideas during the finalist competition．Bekele said that he definitely couldn’t have done that all by himself.
Bekele’s award-winning soap is a compound based bar of soap and it’s charged with different cancer fighting chemicals．The color of the soap is a bit of a dark type of white and it has a rough surface, which could be a good exfoliant（去角质剂）．It does have a strong medicine smell and feel a bit stickier．The whole point of it is that even once you wash off the soaps, the medicinal parts will stay on your skin．It can activate the body’s immune cells to defend cancer.
Bekele won 25,000 prize money and he was going to use it to continue research．He said, “I still need a lot of resources to be able to conduct this research, so this money will definitely help me achieve it.”
24．Why did Heman Bekele start working on creating the soap
A．Because he thought it was a fun project.
B．Because he wanted to win a science competition.
C．Because he found skin cancer treatment unaffordable.
D．Because he wanted to create a unique soap for everyone.
25．What can we learn from Bekele’s preparations for the final
A．Well begun is half done. B．Learn humbly, ask willingly.
C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Hope for the best, prepare for the worst.
26．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about
A．What features the soap has. B．How the soap is used.
C．What chemicals the soap contains. D．How the soap is produced.
27．Which words can be used to describe Bekele according to the passage
A．Patient and talented. B．Friendly and ambitious.
C．Cautious and generous. D．Caring and devoted.
C
Scientists in Canada are really worried about a serious problem affecting an important animal: the bat. This problem is called white-nose syndrome (症状), and it comes from a harmful fungus (真菌) that attacks the nose, wings, and skin of bats when they sleep together in caves. It started in a cave in Russia in 2006 and has quickly spread to 19 countries, including Canada.
Researchers found that the fungus usually exists in very cold places like the poles. Even though they’re not totally sure exactly how it hurts the bats, one of the most accepted views is that it makes them uncomfortable. This makes the bats stay awake a little bit more and uses up their stored fat, leading to them not having enough food, which causes them to die. More than 5.5 million bats of nine types in Canada have already died from this sickness. If it reaches more bat groups in the Southeast and Midwest provinces, endangered bat s like the Tiger bat and Figgie big-eared bat might disappear forever.
Losing these animals is a big deal for Canadians, even for the whole world, because, in warm months, bats fly at night and eat a lot of insects. They help control the number of bugs that harm forests and spread diseases which can cause a whole bunch of problems. It’s quite an alarming thing, given that the reduction in the number of bats will almost certainly disrupt (扰乱) the harmony in the ecosystem and lead to disasters. The Canadian government is taking this seriously and is thinking about giving money for detailed research on the disease because the possible results could be really bad, like what one lawmaker called “an ecological and economic disaster.” Experts are hired to watch bat colonies (群) more closely, working with other countries and organizations, and making strict rules to limit the movement of things that might have the fungus.
Additionally, public awareness campaigns are being conducted to gain support for bat conservation efforts and promote responsible cave exploration practices to minimize the risk of disease transmission. The Canadian government remains committed to preserving its bat populations and the crucial ecological balance they bring to the environment.
28．What might be the reason of the bats’ death
A．Their sleeping together B．Lack of sleep
C．Starvation D．Not feeling comfortable
29．What is the main concern about the extinction of the bat in Canada
A．The spread of the disease.
B．The destruction of the forests.
C．The imbalance of the ecosystem.
D．The increase of the insect population.
30．Which of the following is not a measure taken by Canada regarding to the White-Nose Syndrome
A．Engaging specialists to monitor bat colonies
B．Carrying out activities to enhance people’s consciousness
C．Collaborating with other nations
D．Prohibiting the movement of bats
31．What is the author’s attitude toward the problem of the harmful fungus to the bats
A．objective B．positive
C．indifferent D．pessimistic
D
When we’re solving a complicated problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We’re looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible. I love seeing it happen — except for one tiny wrinkle. Group brainstorming usually backfires.
Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.” But the problem isn’t meetings themselves — it’s how we run them.
Think about the brainstorming sessions you’ve attended. You’ve probably seen people bite their tongues due to ego threat (“I don’t want to look stupid.”), noise (“We can’t all talk at once.”), and conformity pressure (“Let’s all jump on the boss’s ship!”). Goodbye diversity of thought, hello groupthink.
To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group. To preserve independent judgment, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing them, teams can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.
Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that a key to collective intelligence is full and fair participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all voice s are brought into the conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room — it’s to make the room smarter.
Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity. But it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means that they come up with more brilliant ideas than groups — but also more terrible ideas than groups. It takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring the best ideas to fruition.
32．Both John Smith and the author may agree that brainstorming meetings fail to ______.
A．assess humans potential B．simplify problems quickly
C．accept possible good ideas D．get the most out of individuals
33．What does the underlined word “lopsided” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A．Informal. B．Unbalanced. C．Improper. D．Unpleasant.
34．The author writes this passage mainly to ______.
A．challenge a conclusion B．make a comparison
C．advocate a practice D．introduce a research
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How We Talk about Fear Matters
Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world. How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally.
Get the root of fear.
35 . In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago. This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through.
Figure out the emotional meaning of fear.
Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture. 36 . For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.
Find out a fearful pattern.
In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise. 37 .
38
How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.
In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience. 39 . Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
A．Talk more about fears
B．Change our perception of fear
C．The word fear has a long history in English
D．There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families
E．This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words
F．It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it
G．This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in China, running from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south. It stretches for nearly 3,200 kilometers and passes through eight of the country’s provinces and municipalities.
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, the canal is the longest and oldest artificial river in the world. It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal is 82 km long. Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
The city government has unveiled two development plans: the first is an implementation plan for the protection, inheritance and utilization of the canal’s cultural values; the second is a construction plan for building a Grand Canal-themed national cultural park.
The plan sets up three implementation milestones in the next five years. In 2020, efforts have been made to lay a firm foundation for the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, with the Tongzhou section of the canal open to navigation and a management mechanism of the park established. By 2023, significant progress is expected to be made in coordinating the protection and utilization of cultural resources along the canal, with the national cultural park basically set up. By 2025, the park will become a new cultural landmark in Beijing. The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development. Cities along the canal by then will welcome further coordinated or integrated development.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal, a valued asset for the capital, is marked out as a river boasting rich cultural resources, ecological value, social benefits and economic potential. The capital is set to roll out more measures to bring out the best in the canal.
40．According to the passage, what roles has the Grand Canal played
_________________________________________________________________-
41．What does the Beijing government consider a top priority for protection along the Grand Canal
_________________________________________________________________-
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks, the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.
_________________________________________________________________-
43．There are many UNESCO World Heritage sites in China. What can we do to protect them (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________-
第二节(20分)
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在你们学校网站上看到了学生参加职业规划与体验活动的照片。很感兴趣，发来邮件询问、请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 该项活动的相关信息（时间、内容……）；
2. 你参加该项活动的感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：职业规划 career planning
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
