【名师导航】2024年中考英语语法总复习专题精讲精练—状语从句（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第10讲 状语从句
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 2023年中考情态动词考情分析
三 网络构建 知识点头脑风暴
四 情态动词考向 状语从句的概念和分类掌握时间、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较等状语从句连接词的用法3.提升必考题型归纳
五 真题感悟 中考情态动词经典考题
【复习目标】
1.掌握状语从句的概念和分类
2.掌握时间、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较等状语从句连接词的用法
【考情分析】
状语从句做题方法：
1.翻译题干
2.把题目中的逻辑关系理顺
3.带入连接词一一对比，看谁最合适
4.千万别忘了主将从现，主过从过等等时态规则
5.多读状语从句培养语感，做题速度也会提升
【网络构建】
考向一状语从句的概说和分类
一、状语从句概述
定义 状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。
位置 状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。
分类 根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。
作用 它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。
考向二 状语从句的连接词
概念：在复合句中作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句一般修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。
功能：九大状语从句分别表示（时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、方式、让步、比较） 等意义。
位置：位置灵活，可用于主句之前或之后。
No. 1 时间状语从句
1．when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句
when 从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。译为“当……时；在……期间”。
while 从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as 从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”
2. 比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用before代替。例如：Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets.）
否定句：She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。
区别：
（1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
（2）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。
—Until when are you staying
—Until next Monday.
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
（3）Not until...在句首，主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
（4）It is not until... that...
It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.
（5）表示＂一……就……＂的结构
hardly/scarcely... when/before, no sooner... than 和as soon as都可以表示＂一……就……＂的意思。
I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 刚回家，就下起雨来了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
3．before与since引导的时间状语从句
(1) before与since的常用句式。
连词 常用句式
before It will be＋一段时间＋before ... 过……时间才……
It will not be/was not long＋before ... 不久就会/没多久就……
It was＋时间段＋before ... 过了……(时间)才……
since It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用一般过去时)
It was＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用过去完成时)
It will be half a year before I come back. (……之后才……)
我半年之后才会来。
It won’t be long before we meet again.（不久就......）
用不了多久我们就会再见面。
It was three days before he came back.（过了......才......）
过了三天他才会来。
since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语动词所表示的动作开始时算起；若用延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语的动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。
It’s three years since he joined the army.(自从......多久了......)
自从他参军已经三年了。
It's two years since we arrived here.
我们到这儿两年了。
It's three years since we lived here.
我们不住在这里有三年了。
“It be＋时间状语＋that＋其他”构成强调句型，意思是“正是在某一时间发生了某事”。
It was at eight o'clock that we got home.
正是在八点我们到了家。
(4)“It be＋时间点＋when从句”表示“某事发生在什么时间”，it指代时间。
It was six o'clock when we got home.
当我们到家的时候六点了。
4．till, until和not ... until引导的时间状语从句
(1) “延续性动词(肯定式)＋until/till”表示“动作延续到……为止”。
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。
“瞬间动词/延续性动词(否定式)＋until/till”表示“直到……才发生”。
He didn't know anything about it until/till I told him.
直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。
强调句型：It is/was not until ... that ...
It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
直到教授来了，我们才开始做实验。
易错点：（1）till不可以置于句首，而until可以。
Until you told me I had no idea of it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
（2）not until置于句首，主句要用倒装结构。
Not until the film began did she arrive.
直到电影开始她才到。
小试牛刀
1.The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon.
A.if B.since C.unless
2.I’ll give her the message she comes back.
A.till B.before C.as soon as
3.—Did you catch what the teacher said
—No. She spoke fast that I couldn’t hear her very clearly.
A.so B.such C.very
4.The teacher speaks very loudly all the students can hear her.
A.so that B.because C.since
5. It’s raining outside. Don’t leave it stops.
A.when B.since C.until
6. it’s difficult to make her dream come true, but she never gives up.
A.Though B. / C.Because
7. Several days has passed the terrible earthquake happened in Japan.
A.after B.since C.as
8.We couldn’t get to school on time it was raining heavily.
A.because of B.though C.because
条件状语从句
1．if和unless引导的条件状语从句。if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(＝if ... not)表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。
You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(＝if you don't study hard)．
除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。
2．in case, on condition that等词汇意思相近，意为“万一，假使，假如，在……条件下”。
In case there is a fire, what will we do first
万一发生火灾，我们首先要做什么？
They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.
他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们在周末前归还。
3．as long as(＝so long as)引导语气强烈的条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.
你只要不灰心，就会成功。
4．在“祈使句＋and/or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”句型中，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。
Run faster and you'll catch the bus.
跑快点，你就会赶上公共汽车的。
Work hard, otherwise you'll fail.
努力干，要不你就会失败的。
No. 3 让步状语从句
1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句
(1) as引导的从句必须用倒装语序： 表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
Child as/though he is, he can tell the names of all the cars.
尽管他是孩子，但他能辨认出所有车的名字。
Much as/though I like it, I won't buy it, for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢它，但不会买，因为它太贵了。
（2）though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；
（√）Smart though/as she is， she doesn't study hard.
（√）Although/Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。
（√）He is unhappy, though/although he has a lot of money.
虽然他很有钱，但他并不幸福。
(3) though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。
He said he would come； he didn't，though.
他说他会来，可是没有来。
(4) while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我并不认为这些问题不能解决。
2．even if与even though 引导的让步状语从句
even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't get much exercise.
蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we'll go there.(陈述语气)
即使明天下雨，我们也要去那里。
Even if I wanted to marry you, my parents would not agree.(虚拟语气)
即使我想和你结婚，我父母也不会同意。
He went out even though it was raining.
尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。
3．“疑问词＋ ever”引导的让步状语从句
wherever，(what，who，whom，when，which，how)＋ ever表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter where(what，who，whom，when，which，how)。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
However/No matter how hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
Whatever(＝No matter what) you say, he won't believe you.
无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。
Whoever you are (＝No matter who you are), you must obey the rules.
无论你是谁，都要遵守规则。
易错点：　whoever， whatever， whomever， whichever还可以引导名词性从句。
You can take whatever you like.(宾语从句)
你喜欢什么就可以拿什么。
4．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
所有人，无论衰老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
Whether she comes here or we go there, the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged.
不管是她来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都不会变。
No. 4 地点状语从句
地点状语从句是指在复合句中作地点状语的从句，表示空间关系，可置于句首、句中或句末，通常由从属连词where, wherever等引导。
We should go where the Party needs us most.
我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。
You are free to go wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟。(无风不起浪)
易混点：注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。
You'd better make a mark where you have any question.(状语从句)
You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any question.(定语从句)
你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。
区分秘籍：状语从句用于说明谓语动作发生的地点，通常跟在谓语动词（短语）后面，where前没有表示地点的先行词，根据这点很容易判断出句子是不是地点状语从句。
No. 5 目的状语从句
目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (以防)，lest等。
1．so that与in order that
这两个连词都表示“为了，以便”，引导的目的状语从句常与情态动词can, could，may, might等连用。in order that引导的从句可以置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I am studying hard so that/in order that I can enter a famous university.
为了能上一所名牌大学，我一直努力学习。
In order that we could save time we used the computer.
我们使用计算机是为了节省时间。(此时不可使用so that)
No. 6 原因状语从句
1．引导原因状语从句的连词主要有：because, as, since等。并列连词for也可表示原因。每个连词的含义不尽相同。
连词 位置 内涵 语气 回答why 被强调
because(因为) 主句前或后 直接因果关系 强 能 能
as (由于) 主句前或后 双方都知道的原因 弱 不能 不能
since/now that(既然) 通常位于主句前
for(因为) 位于句后 用于补充说明的原因 弱 不能 不能
He was criticized by the teacher, because he was late for class.
因为他迟到了，老师批评了他。
I can't go with you, as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去，因为我有很多工作要做。
Since everyone is here, we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在这儿，我们可以开始讨论了。
2．when(既然)，也可以引导原因状语从句。
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes.
既然步行5分钟就能到那里，你却去乘出租汽车，真够愚蠢的。
3.其他词引导的原因状语从句
No. 7 方式状语从句
1．方式状语从句常由as, just as, as if/though等引导，多置于主句之后。
You ought to write as he does.
你应该像他那样写。
2．as if或as though引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。
She treats the boy as if he were her own son.
她对待那个男孩就好像他是她的亲生儿子一样。
He walked as though/if he was drunk.
他走起路来就像喝醉了一样。
No. 8 结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的引导词或短语有so that, so ... that ... , such ... that ... 。
1．结构形式
There was so little food at home that we had to go out to buy some.
家里快没食物了，我们只好出去买一些。
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
→Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都相信他。
He has made such rapid progress that he was praised by his teacher three times a day.
他取得了如此快的进步，以致老师一天表扬了他三次。
区分口诀：区别so ... that和such ... that的用法：
名前such，形、副so，that从句跟在后；
多多少少必用so，特别注意是little；
“小”用such，“少”用so。
2．当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能解决所有的难题。
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.
爆炸的威力如此巨大，以致所有的窗户都被震破了。
3．so/such ... that ... 引导的结果状语从句与so/such ... as ... 引导的定语从句的区别。
(1) so/such ... that ... 引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
It is such a moving film that we all want to see it.
这是一部如此感人的电影，以至于我们都想去看。
so/such ... as ... 中，as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语或宾语。
It is such a moving film as we all want to see.
这是一部感人的、我们都想看的电影。
No. 9 比较状语从句
1．as ... as ...; not so/as ... as ...; the same ... as ... 表示相同程度的比较，肯定句用as ... as ...，否定句可用not as ... as或not so ... as。
He doesn't run so/as fast as Jack (does)．
他跑得不如杰克快。
2．than表示不同程度的比较，主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。
He is taller than any other student in our school
他比我们学校的任何一个学生都高。
3．the＋比较级，the＋比较级，表示“越……就越……”
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
吃得越多，你将越胖。
课堂练习
一、单项选择
1．（2023·吉林长春·吉林省实验校考模拟预测）The housewarming party didn’t start ________ all the guests arrived.
A．since B．until C．while D．if
2．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模）It’s good to help others ________ they are in trouble.
A．when B．where C．that D．how
3．（2023·河北邯郸·校联考三模）You’d better make a plan ________ you travel.
A．until B．after C．before D．since
4．（2023·重庆长寿·校联考一模）I was doing my homework ________ my sister was playing the piano.
A．when B．until C．while D．since
5．（2023·江西吉安·统考三模）The police have acted quickly to search for the missing child ________ his parents came to ask for help.
A．since B．so C．if D．because
6．（2023·安徽·九年级专题练习）—I am nervous about the football match.
—Take it easy. You will get a good result ________ you keep training hard.
A．unless B．though C．as D．before
7．（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）—Do you go to the party
—No. ________ you go with me.
A．Because B．Unless C．Until D．Though
8．（2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测）You won’t be successful ________ you don’t try your best to do something.
A．if B．although C．unless D．until
9．（2023·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）—Mr. Miller, I feel too tired to sleep well under too much pressure.
—I’m so sorry to hear that. As we all know, ________ you relax, stress can become a risk to your health.
A．unless B．if C．when D．because
10．（2023·河北石家庄·统考二模）You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country ________ you go there in person.
A．unless B．because C．as soon as D．as long as
11．（2023·安徽·校联考三模）—Dave dreams of being a soccer player, but he’s kind of lazy.
—I don’t think he can make his dream come true ________ he works hard.
A．when B．unless C．after D．though
12．（2023·安徽合肥·合肥市第四十五中学校考三模）________ you stick to your rules, you will be the one who can manage your life well.
A．As long as B．As soon as C．In order that D．Even though
13．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）________ it was first produced in 1897, it was not used until this century.
A．Although B．Because C．If D．Even
14．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考模拟预测）________ you meet difficulties, you shouldn’t give up.
A．No matter when B．No matter what C．No matter how
15．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）Tom can recite so many poems ________ he is three years old.
A．as B．though C．so
16．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）The Red Army faced the difficulties bravely ________ difficult they were.
A．whatever B．whenever C．however
17．（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中学校考模拟预测）Mike is always full of hope, ________ he has got into trouble many times during his life.
A．because B．unless C．though D．until
18．（2023·福建福州·福州华伦中学校考模拟预测）—I’m afraid I can’t do well in the sports meeting.
—Don’t worry. I will support you, ________ you don’t succeed.
A．even though B．so that C．as long as
19．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州铜盘中学校考模拟预测）We are making a big cake for Dad ________ it’s his birthday today.
A．because B．until C．once
20．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）_________ you are free today, could you help me with housework
A．Since B．Though C．Unless D．Until
21．（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）More and more children are interested in blind boxes ________ they wonder what is inside.
A．if B．because C．unless
22．（2023·重庆铜梁·重庆市巴川中学校校考二模）—Your English has improved so much! How hard-working you are!
—I didn’t believe. I could make it _______ I tried my best.
A．since B．because C．if D．until
23．（2023·安徽·校联考二模）________ you have grown up, you should learn to look after yourselves.
A．Since B．Until C．Although D．Unless
24．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）—It’s said that Zhenjiang Pot Cover Noodles are very delicious.
—Well, ________ we are here, why not have a try
A．though B．unless C．since D．before
25．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）Mary has learned a lot about the history of Beijing ______ she can be a tour guide.
A．so that B．after all C．even if
二、语法选择
（2022·广东阳江·校考一模）
I am Jack. I study at Kenny Middle School. I am 41 only child in my family. I live in a flat in the city centre. My dad 42 for an advertising company and my mum is a lawyer. Last month, my mum got a new job in Hong Kong. She stays there and only comes home at weekends and during holidays.
I didn’t have to do any housework at home before. My mother used 43 everything for me. She cooked meals for me. She even washed my clothes. But now she works in Hong Kong. She encourages me 44 after myself. “You must learn to do everything for yourself while I am away,” she said.
So I am learning how to cook and wash clothes by 45 . I also tidy my bedroom every day and help my dad clean the kitchen and the living room. 46 hard the work is! My meals do not taste 47 at all and my clothes are not very clean.
48 I am not to do these things very well, my parents are very happy with me. They say 49 I will learn quickly and my housework skills will soon improve. My mom thinks it is good 50 me to be independent. I know she is right. After all, in the future I will not make my parents do everything for me. It’s better to start learning now.
41．A．a B．an C．the D．/
42．A．work B．works C．was working D．worked
43．A．to do B．to doing C．doing D．do
44．A．looking B．look C．to look D．looked
45．A．I B．my C．myself D．me
46．A．How B．What C．How a D．What a
47．A．good B．well C．better D．best
48．A．Because B．Though C．If D．While
49．A．if B．when C．that D．what
50．A．about B．for C．with D．of
三、语法填空
（2023·吉林长春·吉林省实验校考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s my great honor to introduce the winter in my hometown to you.
I live in Changchun and it is 51 great city with four different seasons around the year. Among all of these seasons, I like winter 52 (good) because in winter it often snows and the house and ground are covered with a 53 “quilt” (被子).
I remembered it 54 (be) a winter evening. It snowed 55 (heavy). I felt 56 (exciting) to go outside with my mother and made a lovely snowman. We rolled two different sizes of snowballs. And then I found a few stones and branches to make the snowman’s eyes and 57 (arm). Although the 58 was cold, I forgot the temperature and lost myself in the joy of making a snowman.
Many years has passed. 59 the snowman can melt (融化), the love from my mother will always be in my heart.
I hope you can come to Changchun to make a snowman 60 me one day.
真题演练
1．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the concert.
A．so B．or C．and D．but
2．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Lisa was busy taking notes ________ Mark was giving a talk.
A．if B．unless C．until D．while
3．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）You won’t pass the PE exam successfully ________ you exercise every day.
A．if B．unless C．as long as
4．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A．or B．so that C．unless D．although
5．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）Let’s wait ________ the rain stops.
A．so B．while C．since D．until
6．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Everyone will have to get out of their houses ________ meet their neighbors.
A．and B．but C．or D．so
7．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）You should turn off the lights ________ you leave the room.
A．until B．before C．although D．so
8．（2023·江西·统考中考真题）Mary cut her knee badly, ________ she didn’t cry.
A．but B．as C．so D．since
9．（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）Our country will be much better for everyone in future ________ we all do something to help now.
A．if B．before C．so that D．even though
10．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）________ you treat others with your heart, you will get friendship in return.
A．If B．Until C．Unless
参考答案
语法填空
a 52．best 53．white/thick 54．was 55．heavily
56．excited 57．arms 58．weather 59．Although/Though 60．with
真题演练
1-5 BDBBD 6-10 ABAAA
选择题
41-45 CBACC 46-50 AABCB
状语从句是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。另外注意状语从句和定语从句、名词性从句的区别；从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用连词的能力。
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