专题01阅读理解记叙文&说明文
（一）
（2023下·广东·高一校联考期中）During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, wearing masks is widely believed to be a simple but effective method to protect oneself from a variety of harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let’s take a look at some mask-related history.
1st century
In that era, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To handle this problem, Pliny the Elder (23 — 79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being inhaled (吸入). Although primitive, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.
16th century
Early inventions did not stop with Pliny. Many centuries later, Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452 — 1519), suggested using a woven cloth dipped in water over the face to protect against the toxic (有毒的) chemicals.
19th century
The design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki designed a simple mask made up of one layer of gauze (纱布), recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. That was the first recorded use of a surgical mask.
20th century
In 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Made of two layers of surgical gauze, it could be wrapped around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by many experts around the world, as it was simple to make and had a low production cost.
Modern exploration
With several outbreaks of infectious diseases and the flu, and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to better protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90, which can filter out (过滤掉) this fine particulate (微粒) matter, became highly popular.
1．According to the text, why were masks invented
A．To reduce the risk of infection.
B．To protect miners from dust.
C．To indicate patients with respiratory illnesses.
D．To protect workers from harmful chemicals.
2．What was considered a milestone in face mask history
A．Using a woven cloth instead of animal skins.
B．Getting a patent on protective masks for miners.
C．The invention of surgical masks in 1897.
D．Using more than one layer of surgical gauze.
3．“Wu’s mask” grew popular around the world because ________.
A．it could be used multiple times
B．it was simple for people to wear
C．it was cheap and easy to produce
D．it could better protect people from smog
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The development of masks.
B．The benefits of using masks.
C．A comparison of different masks.
D．The roles masks played in ancient times.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了口罩的演变历史。
1．细节理解题。根据1st century部分中“But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To handle this problem, Pliny the Elder (23 — 79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being inhaled (吸入). Although primitive, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.（但他们中的大多数都患有呼吸系统疾病，甚至最终死于呼吸系统疾病。为了解决这个问题，罗马哲学家和博物学家Pliny the Elder(公元23—79年)建议使用动物膀胱皮来防止吸入灰尘。虽然很原始，但他的想法被认为是第一个被记录下来的口罩发明。）”可知，口罩的发明是为了保护矿工不受灰尘的伤害。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据19th century部分中“In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history.（1848年，美国人Lewis Hassley成为第一个为矿工防护口罩申请专利的人，这是口罩历史上的一个里程碑。）”可知，口罩历史上的一个里程碑是为矿工防护口罩申请专利。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据20th century部分中“Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”.（中国医生伍连德设计了一种廉价的口罩，名为“伍氏口罩”。）”和“This mask was praised by many experts around the world, as it was simple to make and had a low production cost.（这种口罩制作简单，生产成本低，受到了世界各地许多专家的好评。）”可知，“伍氏口罩”能够在世界范围内流行是因为它便宜而且易于制作。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let’s take a look at some mask-related history.（事实上，几个世纪以来，口罩一直在帮助人类。让我们来看看一些与口罩有关的历史。）”可知，文章主要讲述了口罩的演变历史。故选A项。
（二）
（2023下·湖南·高一桃江县第一中学校联考期中）For many of us, there’s nothing better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.
It may seem obvious that reading is good for us. It can be educational, and, as some say, it can “broaden the mind”. A good novel can make us happy or sad, or make us cry as we empathize with characters. The power of books was recognized a few years ago by the British charity Reading Agency, who published a list of books that doctors could offer to patients, dealing with topics from depression to dementia and chronic pain.
Professor Philip Davis studies the effects of literature at Liverpool University and is author of a book called Reading for Life. He studies people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature—written work thought to have artistic value, that has the best effect. He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, “…the brain begins to work from different parts, from a different hemisphere and it gets excited, it gets pre-emotional—and you can see the brain coming to life.”
Of course, it’s easy in our smartphone generation to throw away a good book and get addicted to our phones instead. But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help boost or maintain our mental health. It’s thought they can help you set targets and find focus. And they may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s perspective.
If you’re not an eager reader it can be hard to know where to begin. If the Reading Agency book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be hooked! And if you still love your technology, you could always use an e-reader.
5．How can reading an appointed book help someone
A．Improve mental health. B．Increase reading speed.
C．Better studying desire. D．Achieve high grades.
6．Why does the author mention Professor Philip Davis’s interview to the BBC in Paragraph 3
A．To explain the details of research. B．To promote the benefits of relaxing.
C．To show the effects of reading literature. D．To introduce the ways of reading a book.
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The advantage of an e-reader. B．The reason for reading a good book.
C．The development of modern technology. D．The way of getting advice on what book to read.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Power of Books B．Never Too Late to Read
C．Reading Makes a Full Man D．A Bridge to a New World
【答案】5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了书籍的力量，通过阅读一本书来放松自己，来摆脱日常生活中的纷纷扰扰。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.(无论是引人注目的犯罪故事，还是某人精彩人生的传记，读书都是摆脱日常生活干扰、帮助我们放松的好方法。也许这就是为什么一些书实际上被指定为疾病的治疗方法)”可知，阅读指定的书有助于改善心理健康。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, “…the brain begins to work from different parts, from a different hemisphere and it gets excited, it gets pre-emotional—and you can see the brain coming to life.”(他告诉BBC，当为了乐趣而阅读时，“……大脑开始从不同的部分，从不同的半球开始工作，它变得兴奋，它变得情绪化——你可以看到大脑变得活跃起来。”)”可推知，提到Professor Philip Davis 采访是为了展示阅读文学作品的效果。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If you’re not an eager reader it can be hard to know where to begin. If the Reading Agency book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be hooked! And if you still love your technology, you could always use an e-reader.(如果你不是一个热心的读者，可能很难知道从哪里开始。如果阅读机构的书单没有吸引力，你可以阅读书评，去图书馆或书店，或者问朋友。一旦你找到了合适的文本，你就会被吸引住!如果你仍然喜欢科技产品，你可以使用电子阅读器)”可知，最后一段主要讲了获得建议读什么书的方法。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“For many of us, there’s nothing better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.(对于我们中的许多人来说，没有什么比埋头读一本好书更好的了。无论是引人注目的犯罪故事，还是某人精彩人生的传记，读书都是摆脱日常生活干扰、帮助我们放松的好方法。也许这就是为什么他们中的一些人实际上被指定为疾病的治疗方法)”结合文章主要介绍了书籍的力量，通过阅读一本书来放松自己，来摆脱日常生活中的纷纷扰扰。故A选项“书籍的力量”最符合文章标题。故选A。
（三）
（2023下·全国·高一商丘市第一高级中学校考期中）Rather than spending your summer break bored in the house, you can check out the highest-paying part-time jobs for teens and make some money while doing something interesting. Part-time jobs are more than a way of spending your holiday, as they also offer you the chance to get some working experience. It gives teens an understanding of work life and teaches various work values such as time keeping, time management, teamwork and professionalism
Barista(咖啡厅服务生)
Working as a barista will improve your skills at making the perfect cup. It gives you the chance to become a coffee expert. Also, you get all of the delicious caffeine drink your heart can deal with. But you should be warned that this job comes with some very early morning shifts (轮班).
Lifeguard
This is as close to “Super Hero” as it gets as a young person. You learn how to save lives and keep people having fun at your local pool or waterpark. While some swim-related establishments(机构) offer CPR training, not all do. Before you apply, check the places where you’re hoping to work to make sure you’re qualified.
Teacher Assistant
Pretty good at a certain subject in school or just good at explaining things Helping someone else learn something improves your understanding of that skill. That’s a pretty sweet return gift for helping someone out.
Food Delivery Driver
If you have a will of steel, you can deliver(递送) food to hungry people. If not, you may eat up everything during your delivery. You also get a sweet reduction on food. This job’s better for the stomach and the wallet! You just need to have a driver’s license and you are required to be over 18.
9．What do you have to do as a barista
A．Be a coffee expert. B．Get up very early in some days.
C．Fall in love with caffeine drink. D．Be skilled at making the perfect cup.
10．A man dreaming of becoming a super hero is likely to work as a _______.
A．barista B．lifeguard
C．teacher assistant D．food delivery driver
11．What are you required to do as a teacher assistant
A．Send some sweet gifts. B．Earn a new certain subject.
C．Receive some training first. D．Do well in explaining things.
【答案】9．B 10．B 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个青少年在假期可以做的高薪兼职工作。
9．细节理解题。根据“Barista(咖啡厅服务生)”下面的“But you should be warned that this job comes with some very early morning shifts (轮班).(但是你应该注意，这份工作随之而来的还有一些很早的轮班)”可知，作为一名咖啡厅服务生，你需要在一些天早早起床。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“Lifeguard”下面的“This is as close to ‘Super Hero’ as it gets as a young person. You learn how to save lives and keep people having fun at your local pool or waterpark.(这就像年轻时的‘超级英雄’一样。你学会了如何拯救生命，让人们在当地的游泳池或水上乐园玩得开心)”可知，如果想要成为一名超级英雄，人们可以尝试Lifeguard（救生员）的工作，因为这份工作可以挽救人们的生命。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据“Teacher Assistant”下面的“Pretty good at a certain subject in school or just good at explaining things (在学校里非常擅长某一门科目，或者只是很擅长解释事情？)”可知，作为一名助教，你需要擅长某一门科目，或者在解释事情方面做得很好。故选D。
（四）
（2023下·湖北武汉·高一武汉市第四十九中学校联考期中）What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving(草编的)products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang province. The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty(c.11th century-256 BC).
Straw weaving is a method of making daily items or artworks. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated, time consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks, or even months, to complete. You need to sketch(索描)the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Next comes weaving, shaping and preserving of the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is to make it lifelike.
In the past, woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside, such as straw hats and straw shoes, because they were practical in everyday life. But due to the impact of industrialization, manufactured goods have replaced such products, which cause low profits, and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country. “The world has changed, and craftsmen need to transcend(超越)practicality and pursue the beauty and artistry of straw culture to help the craft survive and thrive(茁壮成长),” Wu says.
From her perspective, straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture, “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
12．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products
A．Their historic origins. B．Their cultural value.
C．Their major uses. D．Their producing process.
13．Which is the most difficult part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A．Selecting suitable materials. B．Drawing sketches on paper.
C．Making the artworks vivid. D．Preserving finished products.
14．What can we learn from Wu Cui’s opinion according to the last paragraph
A．Craftsmen should bring forth new ideas in the crafts based on traditional culture
B．Pursuing fashion should be the first preference for eraftspeople.
C．Local people benefit a lot from the straw—weaving techniques.
D．Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
15．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain the process of straw weaving. B．To present the future of a traditional culture.
C．To introduce a way to pursue the beauty and artistry. D．To propose a new means of crafting.
【答案】12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了草编的起源、编织过程、现状以及未来发展的方向。
12．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang province. The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty (c.11th century-256 BC).(最早的草编产品是在河姆渡文化遗址发现的，河姆渡文化遗址是位于中国东部浙江省的新石器时代文化遗址。儒家经典著作之一的《礼记》也记载，在周朝(公元前11世纪-公元前256年)，就已经有了用香蒲制作的席子和专业的稻草编织工匠)”可知，草编历史悠久，可以追溯到新石器时代，周代有了专业的草编工匠。由此可知，本段主要介绍了草编产品的历史源头。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is to make it vivid.(即使完成了这个过程，也并不意味着你总是能创造出一件好的作品，最难的部分是让它生动起来)”可知，吴翠认为草编技艺最难的地方在于让作品栩栩如生。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“From her perspective, straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture, “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says.(在她看来，草编应该回应人们的需求和偏好，同时仍然从传统文化中汲取灵感，“工匠应该努力把握时代的趋势和机遇，创造新的和相关的产品，”她说)”可知，手工艺人应该在传统文化的基础上对手工艺进行创新。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.(当你想到麦草的时候，你脑海中首先出现的是什么？大多数人可能只会把它看作是农民田地里的一堆废物。然而，非物质文化传承人吴翠却能将麦穗收割后剩下的稻草变成美丽而醒目的功能性艺术品)”以及最后一段“When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.(当被问及她的计划时，吴说她想深入挖掘当地的传统文化，通过发展稻草编织技术来创造文化创意产品)”结合文章介绍了草编的起源、编织过程、现状以及未来发展的方向。可推知，文章的主要目的是展示传统文化的未来。故选B。
（五）
.（2023下·广东揭阳·高一普宁市华侨中学校考期中）After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.
Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.
Every four-square-meter room is equipped with a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. There’s no shower or washbasin.
Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit (保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes.
The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan, Yicai Global reports. The idea of the shared fitness experience is not entirely nascent. Last December, the Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.
The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident investors are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP.
16．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one
A．Holding one person at a time. B．Standing in the living zone.
C．Offering open spaces. D．Having some advanced equipment.
17．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room
A．Let down curtains for privacy. B．Pay 100 yuan first.
C．Use a smartphone. D．Have a shower before exercise.
18．What does the underlined word “nascent” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Simple. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．New.
19．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To advertise a technology company. B．To introduce shared gym rooms.
C．To support the shared gym rooms. D．To predict the future of shared gym rooms.
【答案】16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了新兴产业：共享健身房，以及共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程等。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.(与普通健身房不同的是，新建的共享健身房是供个人使用的小型独立房间，通常设置在生活社区附)”可知，共享健身房和普通健身房的不同之处在于，共享健身房每次只容纳一个人。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段“Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit(保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes.(与共享单车类似，用户可以通过智能手机应用程序定位共享健身房，提前预订房间，然后需要扫描二维码才能使用。用户需缴纳99元可退还的押金，每分钟收费1元)”可知，需要智能手机才能使用APP扫码，故想要使用共享健身房的用户需要一部智能手机。故选C。
18．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Last December, the Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.(去年12月，总部位于上海的科技公司VRUN在办公楼和公寓楼里设置了共享跑步机)”|可知，这个共享健身体验的观点不是新的。故选D。
19．推理判断题．根据第一段“After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.(在自行车和雨伞在中国被共享之后，一些公司开始关注健身市场，因此共享健身房开始在北京的街道上出现)”可知，文章由第一段的话题引出共享健身房的一些特点和使用方法，以及这个项目的创立过程z。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍共享健身房。故选B。
（六）
（2023下·新疆喀什·高一统考期中）The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar. This day is always the first full moon in the new year. Ancient people also called it Shangyuan Festival. Celebrations and traditions on this day began from the Han Dynasty and became popular in the Tang Dynasty.
Watching the red lanterns is one of the main traditions. Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees, or along river banks on show. It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble. Today, when the lanterns slowly rise into the air, people make wishes. Another tradition is guessing lantern riddles. The riddles are usually short, wise, and sometimes humorous (幽默的). The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character, a famous person’s name, or a place name.
The most important thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes. In northern China, they are called yuanxiao while in southern part they’re named tangyuan. Because making sweet dumplings is like a game or an activity, they are usually done happily by a group of friends or family members.
In old times, the Lantern Festival was also a good time for young people to find love. Watching lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other. And there were many romantic stories about this festival. A line from Xin Qiji, a poet during the Song Dynasty, shows this, “Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd. Suddenly I turned, and there she stood in the dim light.”
In a word, the Lantern Festival has brought us Chinese so much fun and joy over the years. We hope the young people can carry on these traditions and take pride in Chinese culture.
20．In ancient times, sky lanterns were first used for ______by Zhuge Kongming.
A．ask for help B．guessing lantern riddles
C．making wishes D．celebrating people’s birthdays
21．Which of the following is NOT true about sweet dumplings
A．They have different tastes.
B．People enjoy the process of making them.
C．They are named “yuanxiao” all over the country.
D．People usually make them with family and friends.
22．The line from Xin Qiji in the passage shows the Lantern Festival was ______in old times.
A．necessary B．demanding C．romantic D．important
【答案】20．A 21．C 22．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的元宵节的相关情况。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble. (据说，孔明灯最初是由诸葛孔明在遇到困难时用来求助的)”可知，最早是诸葛孔明用来求助的。故选A。
21． 细节理解题。根据第三段的“In northern China, they are called yuanxiao while in southern part they’re named tangyuan. (在中国北方，它们被称为元宵，而在南方，它们被称为汤圆)”可知，北方叫元宵南方叫汤圆，所以不是全国都叫元宵。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And there were many romantic stories about this festival. A line from Xin Qiji, a poet during the Song Dynasty, shows this, “Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd. Suddenly I turned, and there she stood in the dim light.” (关于这个节日有很多浪漫的故事。宋朝诗人辛弃儿有句话是这样说的“众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。”)可知，关于这个节日有很多浪漫的故事，表明在古代元宵节是浪漫的。故选C。
（七）
（2023下·河南·高一校联考期中）A newly published study on frogs and malaria (疟疾) shows how closely human health may be influenced by these lovable creatures. In the 1980s, scientists in Costa Rica and Panama began to notice a quiet and dramatic decline in frog numbers. Frogs in this part of the world were falling prey to a deadly fungal pathogen (真菌病原体), and they were doing so at such a rapid rate that researchers at the time feared a wave of local extinctions.
Some scientists now argue the fungal pathogen has caused the greatest recorded loss of biodiversity to a disease ever. And it is responsible for significant declines in at least 501 amphibian (两栖类的) species, including 90 extinctions, from Asia to South America.
Frogs directly influence mosquito population sizes because mosquitoes are a key source of food, which means the numbers of amphibians could ultimately influence the vectors that spread deadly human diseases.
Comparing an amphibian decline map and malaria occurrence map between 1976 and 2016, researchers found a clear pattern that could be predicted with high accuracy and confidence by their model.
In the eight years after great amphibian losses from fungal pathogen, there was an increase in malaria cases equal to about 1 extra case per 1,000 people. This extra case would probably not have come about without the recent amphibian die-off. In a usual outbreak of malaria, occurrence rates usually peak from about 1.1-1.5 cases per 1,000 people. This means a loss of amphibians in Central America could have possibly driven a 70-90 percent increase in how many people were getting sick.
As you read this, the fungal pathogen is taking a ride around the world with global trade, and it threatens not just the future of amphibians but the health of our own species. As the current study reveals, frogs and human health often go hand-in-hand. We’re stuck together whether we like it or not.
23．What happened in the 1980s
A．Malaria broke out in Costa Rica and Panama.
B．A wave of local extinctions occurred in Costa Rica.
C．The frogs decreased greatly in Costa Rica and Panama.
D．Scientists made a new invention in Costa Rica and Panama.
24．What does the underlined word “vectors” probably refer to in paragraph 3
A．Declines. B．Mosquitoes. C．Amphibians. D．Patterns.
25．What is the author’s attitude towards the fungal pathogen according to the last paragraph
A．Concerned. B．Objective. C．Optimistic. D．Indifferent.
26．What is the main idea of the text
A．We should protect some lovable animals from dying off.
B．The number of frogs may have an effect on human health.
C．Human diseases are closely related to heavy losses of amphibians.
D．Scientists find the close connection between frogs and mosquitoes.
【答案】23．C 24．B 25．A 26．B
【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了因为青蛙的减少，人类患有疟疾的概率增加了。
23．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“In the 1980s, scientists in Costa Rica and Panama began to notice a quiet and dramatic decline in frog numbers. (20世纪80年代，哥斯达黎加和巴拿马的科学家开始注意到青蛙数量的急剧下降。)”可知，20世纪80年代哥斯达黎加和巴拿马的青蛙数量大大减少。故选C。
24．词义猜测题。划线单词前面“Frogs directly influence mosquito population sizes because mosquitoes are a key source of food, which means the numbers of amphibians could ultimately influence (青蛙直接影响蚊子的数量，因为蚊子是主要的食物来源，这意味着两栖动物的数量最终可能会影响)”以及后面的定语从句“that spread deadly human diseases (传播致命的人类疾病的)”可知，可以传播给人的媒介就是蚊子，第三段中带下划线单词vectors (带菌者)可能指的是“蚊子”。故选B。
25．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“As you read this, the fungal pathogen is taking a ride around the world with global trade, and it threatens not just the future of amphibians but the health of our own species. As the current study reveals, frogs and human health often go hand-in-hand. We’re stuck together whether we like it or not.(当你读到这篇文章时，真菌病原体正随着全球贸易在世界各地肆虐，它不仅威胁着两栖动物的未来，也威胁着我们物种的健康。正如目前的研究显示的那样，青蛙和人类的健康往往是密切相关的。不管我们喜不喜欢，我们都要团结在一起。)”可知，作者对真菌病原体的态度是担心的。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。文章介绍了因为青蛙的减少，人类患有疟疾的几率增加了，即青蛙的数量能影响人类的健康。文章第一段讲到“A newly published study on frogs and malaria (疟疾) shows how closely human health may be influenced by these lovable creatures. (一项最新发表的关于青蛙和疟疾的研究表明，这些可爱的生物对人类健康的影响有多大。)”可知，这篇文章的大意是青蛙的数量可能对人类健康有影响。故选B。
（八）
（2023下·江西上饶·高一校联考期中）The mom had died when the rescuers found her after the terrible earthquake. She was covered by a destroyed house. Through gaps (缝隙) of those ruins, the rescuers could see her last posture (姿势). It was something like an ancient person who was kowtowing (叩头), but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.
The rescuers confirmed her death by touching her through the gaps of the ruins. They shouted at the ruins again and again, knocked the bricks using various tools, but no reply inside.
Then the rescuing team went to the next building. Suddenly the leader ran back, calling “Come here.” He came to the body, put his hands under the woman, feeling and touching, then shouted loudly and gladly, “There is someone, a baby, still living.”
Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins which blocked her. Under her body lay her baby, who was covered by a small red quilt (棉被). He was about 3 or 4 months’ old. Since well protected by his mother’s body, he was safe. He was in a deep sleep when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him. The doctor, along with the rescuing team, took the baby out of the quilt to check if the baby was all right, and he found there was a mobile phone in the quilt. The doctor looked at the screen; a written message was already there: “My dear baby if you could live, don’t forget how much I love you.” As a doctor, he experienced much of this type of separation; but at this moment, he cried. The mobile phone was passed, and every person who saw this message shed (流出) tears.
27．When the rescuers found the mom, she________.
A．was using her mobile phone to ask for help B．begged the rescuers to save her baby first
C．was struggling with the pressure D．didn’t have the normal shape
28．When the baby was rescued, he________.
A．was smiling a lot B．was fast asleep
C．was listening carefully D．was frightened to death
29．After seeing the words on the mobile phone, people was________.
A．Moved B．Excited C．Excited D．tired
30．The passage is mainly about________.
A．a story of saving a mother and her baby B．the disaster of a terrible earthquake
C．the great love of a mother in the earthquake D．the rescuers’ hard work after an earthquake
【答案】27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在地震中，一位伟大的母亲用自己的身躯为孩子撑出一个庇护所的感人故事。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.”（但看起来很奇怪，因为她被压得变形了。）可知，当救援人员找到这位母亲时，她已经被倒塌的房子压的变形了，失去了正常的形态。故选D项。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He was in a deep sleep when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him.”（当救援人员把他抱出来时，他正在熟睡中，他可爱而平静的脸温暖了周围的每个人）可知，当婴儿被救出时，他正在熟睡。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The doctor looked at the screen; a written message was already there: “My dear baby if you could live, don’t forget how much I love you.” As a doctor, he experienced much of this type of separation; but at this moment, he cried. The mobile phone was passed, and every person who saw this message shed (流出) tears.”（医生看着屏幕；上面已经写着：“我亲爱的孩子，如果你能活下来，别忘了我有多爱你。”作为一名医生，他经历了很多这种类型的分离；但就在这时，他哭了。手机传给了每个人，每个看到这条消息的人都流下了眼泪）由此可知，看到手机上的文字后，人们被感动了。故选A项。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了在地震中，一位伟大的母亲用自己的身躯为孩子撑出一个庇护所的感人故事。所以本文的主题是地震中伟大的母亲。故选C项。
（九）
（2023下·福建三明·高一校联考期中）A farmer had some puppies he needed to sell. As he was putting up a sign to sell the puppies, he felt a pull on his trousers. He looked down into the eyes of a little boy.
“Sir,” he said, “I want to buy one of your puppies.”
“Well,” said the farmer, “these puppies come from fine parents and cost a large number of money.”
The boy dropped his head for a moment. Then reaching deep into his pocket, he pulled out a handful of change.
“I’ve got 89 cents. Is that enough at least to take a look ”
“Sure,” said the farmer. “Here, Dolly!” he called. Out from the doghouse ran Dolly followed by four little balls of fur.
The little boy pressed his face against the fence. His eyes danced with joy. As the dogs made their way to the fence, the little boy noticed something else moving inside the doghouse.
Slowly another little fur ball appeared, this one noticeably smaller, wobbling (蹒跚) toward the others, doing its best to catch up.
“I want that one, ” the little boy said, pointing to the little dog.
The farmer knelt down at the boy’s side and said, “Son, you don’t want that puppy. He will never be able to run and play with you like these other dogs would.”
Hearing that, the little boy stepped back from the fence, reached down, and began rolling up one leg of his trousers. There was a disabled (残疾的) leg with a specially made shoe attached to it. Looking back up at the farmer, he said, “You see, sir, I don’t run too well myself, and he will need someone who understands.”
With tears in his eyes, the farmer reached down and picked up the little pup. Holding it carefully he handed it to the little boy.
“How much ” asked the little boy.
“No charge (收费),” answered the farmer, “There’s no charge for love and understanding.”
31．What did the farmer sell
A．Signs. B．Puppies. C．Balls. D．Trousers.
32．The farmer charged the boy nothing because ______.
A．he lost his patience B．he wanted to be praised
C．he was moved by the boy D．he didn’t want the sick puppy
33．What can we learn from this passage
A．Dogs are our best friends. B．A smaller dog can also run fast.
C．Love and understanding is priceless. D．The higher the price, the better the goods.
【答案】31．B 32．C 33．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个残疾小男孩去买小狗，然后他看到一条残疾的小狗，感同身受，想要买它，而卖狗的农夫深受感动，决定把小狗送给他。
【详解】1. 细节理解。根据第一段中的“A farmer had some puppies he needed to sell. As he was putting up a sign to sell the puppies, he felt a pull on his trousers. (一个农夫有几只小狗要卖。当他正在张贴出售小狗的告示时，他感到有人拉了他的裤子一把。)”可知，农民卖的是小狗。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段内容“With tears in his eyes, the farmer reached down and picked up the little pup. Holding it carefully he handed it to the little boy. (农夫眼里含着泪水，弯下腰把小狗抱了起来。他小心翼翼地拿着它递给小男孩。)”以及最后一段内容““No charge (收费),” answered the farmer, “There’s no charge for love and understanding.” (“不收费，”农夫回答说，“爱和理解是不收费的。”)”可推知，农夫被那个男孩感动了，所以不收男孩一分钱。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了一个残疾小男孩去买小狗，然后他看到一条残疾的小狗，感同身受，想要买它，而卖狗的农夫深受感动，决定把小狗送给他，以及最后一段内容““No charge (收费),” answered the farmer, “There’s no charge for love and understanding.” (“不收费，”农夫回答说，“爱和理解是不收费的。”)”可推知，我们能从这篇文章中学到爱和理解是无价的。故选C。
（十）
（2023下·安徽马鞍山·高一安徽省当涂第一中学校考期中）Rob Kenney’s dad left him when he was little. At a time when he was on the path to young adulthood, he had no father to guide him on the way. He had a painful experience as a young boy, but learned, with the help of his marriage, to forgive his dad just before his dad died in his 80s. Now, with a wife of 29 years and two successful adult children — Kristine, 27, who works with kids, and Kyle, a software engineer — Kenney wants to pay it forward.
“My goal in life was to raise good adults, not good children,” he explains. The fact that his kids have both grown up and left the house left him thinking how he might help others. And the quarantine (隔离期) was actually the perfect time for him to finally share some key life skills with other kids who might be growing up in difficult situations — maybe they’ve lost a parent or have parents who are absent.
So the dad set up a heart-warming YouTube program called Dad, How Do I , a program that shares instructional videos like how to cook a meal and tie a perfect tie.
His practical tips have really touched the viewers, which are growing in number day by day. Rob Kenney is just what the Internet needs — a caring dad who wants to share his skills. It’s no wonder that he has gotten as many as 1.9 million fans in return.
The unbelievable success of Rob Kenney’s videos suggests the need for a good father figure in a child’s life. From teaching basic life skills to encouraging them to be kind, a father figure helps kids develop into active members of society. He especially instructs them in good manners, being honest, and being grateful.
34．What do we know about Kenney
A．He learnt a lot from his dad. B．He learnt life skills from his wife.
C．He once hated his father so much. D．He recognised his failing as a father.
35．Why did Kenney start the program
A．To offer tips on how to deal with loneliness. B．To teach life skills to kids with absent parents.
C．To prepare his own children for the adulthood. D．To encourage people to lead a healthy life.
36．What does the author think of Kenney’s videos
A．Their popularity is no surprise. B．They are beautifully made.
C．They should cover more skills. D．They need something moving.
37．What does the author want to show in the last paragraph
A．Best qualities of a good father figure. B．Lessons learnt from Kenney’s success.
C．A father figure’s role in child development. D．Kenney’s achievements as a father figure.
【答案】34．C 35．B 36．A 37．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Rob Kenney在很小的时候父亲便离他而去。在成长的过程中，他逐渐明白了父亲的缺失对一个孩子意味着什么。在自己成功养育了两个孩子后，他决定开设一个项目，传授一些生活技能，帮助有同样遭遇的孩子。
34．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Rob Kenney’s dad left him when he was little. At a time when he was on the path to young adulthood, he had no father to guide him on the way. He had a painful experience as a young boy, but learned, with the help of his marriage, to forgive his dad just before his dad died in his 80s.(罗伯·肯尼的父亲在他很小的时候就离开了他。在他走向青年的道路上，他没有父亲来指引他的道路。他小时候有过一段痛苦的经历，但在他父亲80多岁去世之前，他在婚姻的帮助下学会了原谅他的父亲)”可知，Kenney的父亲在他很小的时候便离开了他。没有父亲，Kenney的成长过程异常艰难，他最终原谅了父亲。由此可知，他一度很恨父亲。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“And the quarantine (隔离期) was actually the perfect time for him to finally share some key life skills with other kids who might be growing up in difficult situations — maybe they’ve lost a parent or have parents who are absent.(隔离实际上是他最终与其他孩子分享一些关键生活技能的最佳时机，这些孩子可能在困难的环境中成长——也许他们失去了父母，或者父母不在身边)”和第三段“So the dad set up a heart-warming YouTube program called Dad, How Do I , a program that shares instructional videos like how to cook a meal and tie a perfect tie.(于是这位父亲在YouTube上创建了一个暖心的节目，名为“爸爸，我该怎么做？”这是一个分享教学视频的程序，比如如何做饭和打一条完美的领带)”可知， Kenney要启动这个项目的原因在于他想要向父母不在身边的孩子传授生活技能。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“His practical tips have really touched the viewers, which are growing in number day by day. Rob Kenney is just what the Internet needs — a caring dad who wants to share his skills. It’s no wonder that he has gotten as many as 1.9 million fans in return.(他的实用技巧确实打动了观众，观众人数日益增加。罗布·肯尼正是互联网所需要的——一个愿意分享自己技能的有爱心的父亲。难怪他得到了多达190万粉丝的回报)”可知，作者认为Kenney的 视频很实用，正是网上人们需要的内容，因此吸引了很多观众。即作者认为Kenney受欢迎不足为奇。故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The unbelievable success of Rob Kenney’s videos suggests the need for a good father figure in a child’s life. From teaching basic life skills to encouraging them to be kind, a father figure helps kids develop into active members of society. He especially instructs them in good manners, being honest, and being grateful.(罗伯·肯尼的视频取得了令人难以置信的成功，这表明在孩子的生活中需要一个好父亲的形象。从教授基本的生活技能到鼓励他们善良，父亲的形象帮助孩子成长为积极的社会成员。他特别教导他们要有礼貌，要诚实，要感恩)”可知，该段主要阐述的是孩子的生活中需要一个好的父亲般的人物。由此可推断出，作者在最后一段想要强调的是父亲在孩子成长过程中的角色。故选C。
（十一）
（2023下·江苏镇江·高一统考期中）A Joke and Balloon
In 2001, a young girl called Laura Buxton released a balloon from her bedroom window in Staffordshire, England. Attached to the balloon were a joke and Laura’s e-mail address. “At the time, I thought it was funny,” said ten-year-old Laura.
Amazingly, six weeks later, Laura received an e-mail from another ten-year-old girl who lived in the town of Buton, about 200 kilometers away. In the e-mail, the young girl explained how she had found the balloon and she enjoyed the joke. Incredibly, the little girl’s name was also Laura Buxton.
A Walking Book
During a tour of the US, the British actor Sir Anthony Hopkins lost one of his favorite novels, a copy of The Girl from Petrovka by George Feifer. Inside the book was a dedication (献词) from his mother. He searched everywhere for it, but the book had disappeared.
However, three years later, Hopkins was on the London Underground when he noticed a copy of the book on the seat next to him. On opening the first page, he saw his mother’s familiar handwriting.
Supermarket Surprise
66-year-old John Foundergen of Liverpool had been trying to trace his brother for decades. Many years before, there had been a family argument and the two brothers hadn’t seen each other since. However, one day, John met a woman in a supermarket who said, “Hey, you know, you look just like my husband.” You can guess the rest.
Delayed Gratitude
In 1965 Roger Akua, aged four, was saved from drowning by a woman called Alice Blaise. Nine years later, Roger saw a man drowning on the same beach. Roger dived in and saved the man. Roger later found out that the man was Alice Blaise’s husband.
38．Why did Laura Buxton release a balloon
A．To tell a story. B．To ask for help.
C．To have some fun. D．To convey her kindness.
39．Who might be the woman John met in a supermarket
A．Alice Blaise. B．John’s wife.
C．Laura Buxton. D．John’s sister-in-law.
40．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Surprising stories. B．Moving stories.
C．Frightening stories. D．Inspiring stories.
【答案】38．C 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了四个有趣的令人吃惊的故事。
38．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Attached to the balloon were a joke and Laura’s e-mail address. “At the time, I thought it was funny,” said ten-year-old Laura. (气球上挂着一个笑话和劳拉的电子邮件地址。“当时，我觉得这很有趣，”10岁的劳拉说。)”可知，Laura Buxton释放气球是为了好玩。故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据Supermarket Surprise部分的“66-year-old John Foundergen of Liverpool had been trying to trace his brother for decades. Many years before, there had been a family argument and the two brothers hadn’t seen each other since. However, one day, John met a woman in a supermarket who said, “Hey, you know, you look just like my husband.” You can guess the rest. (利物浦66岁的约翰·方德根(John Foundergen)几十年来一直试图找到他的哥哥。许多年前，有一次家庭争吵，兄弟俩从此就没有见过面。然而，有一天，约翰在超市遇到一位女士，她说：“嘿，你知道吗，你长得很像我丈夫。”剩下的你可以猜。)”可推断，这位女士可能是约翰的嫂子。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Amazingly, six weeks later, Laura received an e-mail from another ten-year-old girl who lived in the town of Buton, about 200 kilometers away. (令人惊讶的是，六周后，劳拉收到了一封来自另一个住在200公里外的布顿镇的10岁女孩的电子邮件。)”，第四段的“However, three years later, Hopkins was on the London Underground when he noticed a copy of the book on the seat next to him. On opening the first page, he saw his mother’s familiar handwriting. ( 然而，三年后，霍普金斯在伦敦地铁上注意到他旁边的座位上有一本这本书。打开第一页，他看到了母亲熟悉的笔迹。)”，第三段内容和最后一段内容“In 1965 Roger Akua, aged four, was saved from drowning by a woman called Alice Blaise. Nine years later, Roger saw a man drowning on the same beach. Roger dived in and saved the man. Roger later found out that the man was Alice Blaise’s husband. (1965年，四岁的罗杰·阿库亚被一位名叫爱丽丝·布莱斯的妇女从溺水中救了出来。九年后，罗杰看到一个人在同一片海滩上溺水。罗杰跳入水中，救了那个人。罗杰后来发现那个人是爱丽丝·布莱斯的丈夫。)”可知，文章讲述了四个有趣的令人吃惊的有趣的故事，故选A。
（十二）
（2023下·新疆乌鲁木齐·高一校考期中）A teacher stood in front of his history class of twenty students just before handing out the final exam.
His students sat quietly and waited for him to speak.
“It’s been a pleasure teaching you this term,” he said. “You’ve all worked very hard, so I have a pleasant surprise for you. Everyone who chooses not to take the final exam will get a ‘B’ for the course.”
Most of the students jumped out of their seats. They thanked the teacher happily, and walked out of the classroom. Only a few students stayed. The teacher looked at them. “This is your last chance,” he said. “Does anyone else want to leave ” All the students there stayed in their seats and took out their pencils.
The teacher smiled. “Congratulations,” he said. “I’m glad to see you believe in yourselves. You all get A’s.”
41．This story most probably took place ________.
A．at the beginning of the term B．in the middle of the term
C．at the end of the term D．at the beginning of the school year
42．Why did some students stay in their seats
A．Because they didn’t have anything to do.
B．Because the teacher told them to stay in their class.
C．Because they were afraid to leave.
D．Because they wanted to take the exam.
43．The teacher gave the students who stayed in the classroom A’s because________.
A．the teacher liked them.
B．they were cleverer than the other students.
C．they believed in themselves.
D．they studied hard.
【答案】41．C 42．D 43．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是：一位历史老师在期末考前告诉学生们，不参加考试的人将会得到B的好成绩。大多数学生高兴地选择了离开教室，只有几个留下来参加考试。最后，老师奖励留下来的学生们，让他们都得到了A的好成绩。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段“A teacher stood in front of his history class of twenty students just before handing out the final exam. (在发期末考卷之前，一位老师站在20名历史课学生面前。)”可知，这件事情发生在期末考试的时候，即学期的结束。故选C。
42．推理判断题。根据第三段中““It’s been a pleasure teaching you this term,” he said. “You’ve all worked very hard, so I have a pleasant surprise for you. Everyone who chooses not to take the final exam will get a ‘B’ for the course.”(“这学期教你们是我的荣幸，”他说。“你们都很努力，所以我要给你们一个惊喜。每个选择不参加期末考试的人这门课都会得‘B’。”)”以及第四段中“Most of the students jumped out of their seats. (大多数学生从座位上跳了起来。)”以及第四段中“All the students there stayed in their seats and took out their pencils.( 所有的学生都坐在座位上，拿出了他们的铅笔。)”可知，每个选择不参加期末考试的人这门课都会得B，于是他们离开了教师，而那些留下来的学生是想参加考试。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The teacher smiled. “Congratulations,” he said. “I’m glad to see you believe in yourselves. You all get A’s.”(老师笑了。“恭喜你，”他说。“我很高兴看到你们相信自己。你们都得A。”)”可知，老师给留在教室里的学生“A”，是因为他们相信自己。故选C。
（十三）
（2023下·广东深圳·高一校考期中）Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone, when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression It may seem like they have consciously copied you, but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon (变色龙) effect at play.
The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.
The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999. The part of their experiment included 78 people, who each spoke with an experimenter. During the test, Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn’t met before, like moving the foot and touching the face. The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.
In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to insure unconscious acts. The second stage involved half of the participants being copied, and then rating the likability of the experimenter. The results, showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behavior, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.
The main reasons behind humans’ imitation are positive. However, when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme, they can lose their sense of self. Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected. But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice. Next time you are in a social gathering, take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.
44．Why do people imitate others’ behavior
A．To show admiration for others. B．To adapt to the surroundings.
C．To establish a connection with others. D．To attract others’ attention.
45．How did the experimenter guarantee participants’ unconscious behaviors
A．By directing their attention to a photo. B．By keeping an eye on their actions.
C．By telling them the purpose of the study. D．By evaluating the impacts of imitation.
46．What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment
A．People tend to like those who imitate their behavior.
B．Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial.
C．People imitating others are not easy to be detected.
D．The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.
47．Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage
A．Students adopt teachers’ accents for fun after class.
B．People change their habits to please others on purpose.
C．A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage.
D．A husband and his wife share similar behaviors over time.
【答案】44．C 45．A 46．A 47．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于变色龙效应的研究，告诉我们人们通过习得他人的行为来拉近彼此之间的距离，顺畅互动。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段“The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.(变色龙效应是指无意识地模仿他人的手势或行为。就像变色龙试图匹配任何环境的颜色一样，人们获得他人的行为，使他们更紧密地联系在一起，使他们的互动更顺畅)”可知，他们通过模仿他人的行为来让他们的距离变得更近。故选C项。
45．细节理解题。根据第四段“In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to insure unconscious acts.(在第一阶段，参与者在与实验人员谈论一张照片时，触摸脸部的次数增加了20%，移动脚的次数增加了50%。这些人并没有意识到他们被研究的目的，这张照片被用来吸引他们的注意力，以确保无意识的行为)”可知，调查者使用了一张照片, 以吸引他们的注意力，并确保他们的无意识行为。故选A项。
46．细节理解题。根据第四段“The results, showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behavior, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.(结果显示，那些被模仿的人给实验者的分数更高。研究表明，当有人模仿我们的行为时，我们会对他们产生更积极的感觉。这些互动可能是一个人无意识地想要被喜欢，并形成一个联系的时刻)”可知，我们对模仿我们行为的人会产生积极的情绪，所以人们会喜欢那些模仿自己行为的人。故选A项。
47．推理判断题。根据第二段“The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.(变色龙效应是指无意识地模仿他人的手势或行为。就像变色龙试图匹配任何环境的颜色一样，人们获得他人的行为，使他们更紧密地联系在一起，使他们的互动更顺畅)”可知，变色龙效应是指人们不自觉地模仿他人的姿态或行为，而丈夫和妻子随着时间的推移共同拥有相似的行为，是典型的变色龙效应的例子。故选D项。
（十四）
（2023下·福建泉州·高一校考期中）Finger painting is an art that most people have experienced in childhood. But there are still people who know little about this art form. Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper. All you need is a table at elbow height, a few sheets of plain paper, and a few bottles of watercolor.
When engaging kids in this activity, one should use non-toxic (无毒的) paints only. If not available in the market readily, non-toxic paints can be made at home easily. Preferably, the paints should also be eatable. Finger paints come in bright colors and can be purchased relatively inexpensively. Adults can save money by making their own finger paints using a mixture of cornstarch, food coloring and water.
It is a common fallacy that finger painting is for children alone, rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure. Adults can use rubber gloves while painting to avoid dirty marks of paints on their hands. When a group of people are gathered for an exercise of finger painting, it can be a great way of creating a bond between the group. Art and painting parties are a popular concept in the West. Organizations can also use finger painting as a team-building activity by making participants paint together on a large canvas (画布).
There’s no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting. All one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints. While painting, one may unconsciously choose colors that reflect their emotions. For example, you may choose the color red to express your anger or green to express hope. At times you may be confused, and the painting will help you describe your confused state of mind. Once you get your emotions on paper, you are likely to feel relieved.
So what are you waiting for Plan a finger-painting session soon, and experience the joy.
48．What can we know about finger painting
A．Kids learn it much faster than adults. B．Finger painting is easy to carry out.
C．Most people loved it in their childhood. D．The preparation for it is quite difficult.
49．What should people do when there are kids involved in finger painting
A．Use paints of bright colors. B．Buy inexpensive paints.
C．Have parents stay with them. D．Prepare safe paints for them.
50．What does the underlined word “fallacy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Sense. B．Misunderstanding. C．Principle D．Possibility.
51．What does the example in Paragraph 4 show
A．Finger painters have a wide choice of colors.
B．Finger painting shows people’s emotions correctly.
C．Finger painting provides freedom of self-expression.
D．Finger painters can find artistic inspiration from emotions.
【答案】48．B 49．D 50．B 51．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是手指画这种艺术活动的特点和优势。
48．细节理解题。根据第一段Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper.(手指画是一种简单的活动，将手指浸入颜料中，然后用手指在纸上画出物体和形状)”可知，手指画很容易画。故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据第二段“When engaging kids in this activity, one should use non-toxic (无毒的) paints only.(当孩子们参与这个活动时，应该只使用无毒的颜料)”可知，当有孩子参与手指画时，人们应该为他们准备安全的颜料。故选D。
50．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure (相反，这是一项成年人也能同等享受的活动)”可知，真实的情况是成年人也可以画手指画，所以只有孩子才会画手指画是错误的看法，即误解。故划线词意思是“误解”。故选B。
51．推理判断题。根据第四段“There’s no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting. All one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints. While painting, one may unconsciously choose colors that reflect their emotions. For example, you may choose the color red to express your anger or green to express hope. At times you may be confused, and the painting will help you describe your confused state of mind. Once you get your emotions on paper, you are likely to feel relieved.(在手指画中，感情的表达是没有限制的。一个人所需要做的就是全力以赴，把他们所有的感受用手指蘸着颜料写在一张纸上。在绘画时，一个人可能会不自觉地选择反映自己情绪的颜色。例如，你可以选择红色来表达你的愤怒，或者选择绿色来表达希望。有时你可能会感到困惑，这幅画将帮助你描述你困惑的精神状态。一旦你把你的情绪写在纸上，你可能会感到轻松)”可推知第4段的例子说明了手指画提供了自我表达的自由。故选C。
（十五）
（2023下·新疆喀什·高一统考期中）Many people like to explore the Internet. Exploring the Internet is one of the most important activities of the day. The internet is one of the most important activities of the day. The Internet brings the outside world closer to people’s homes. Some people say the world is smaller than before because of the Internet.
What’s going on in other countries How do people live in places far away Is there a good sports game somewhere What’s life like in the deepest part of the sea If you want to answer all these questions , just come to the internet. Of course, people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio. But with the internet they can learn better and more easily . A lot of information can be collected at a great speed.
Can we go shopping without leaving home Can we see a doctor without going to the hospital Can we study without going to school Can we draw money without going to the bank All these things seemed to be impossible, but now they have come true.
The Internet helps us to open our eyes. The Internet also helps to open our minds. The Internet often gives us new ideas. In a word, it helps us in many ways. Great changes have taken place in our life since the use of the Internet.
52．What is second paragraph mainly about
A．We can become wise because of the Internet.
B．We can know everything through the Internet.
C．We can learn only through reading or listening to the radio.
D．A lot of information can be collected at a great speed through the Internet.
53．According to the third paragraph we can do the following on the Internet EXCEPT_____.
A．cook a meal without rice
B．study without going to school
C．go shopping without leaving home
D．see a doctor without going to the hospital
54．What does underline sentence “The Internet also helps to open our minds.” in the last paragraph mean
A．We cannot think without the Internet.
B．We can get some new ideas from the Internet.
C．Our minds can`t be opened unless we search the Internet.
D．Something is wrong with our minds because of the Internet.
55．What does the text mainly tell us
A．The Internet is everything.
B．We cannot live without the Internet.
C．The Internet helps us a lot in many ways.
D．We don`t need banks, schools or hospitals anymore.
【答案】52．D 53．A 54．B 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了互联网如何改变了人们的生活方式，提出了互联网的重要性以及它给生活带来的诸多便利。
52．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“What’s going on in other countries How do people live in places far away Is there a good sports game somewhere What’s life like in the deepest part of the sea If you want to answer all these questions , just come to the internet. Of course, people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio. But with the internet they can learn better and more easily . A lot of information can be collected at a great speed.(其他国家的情况如何？在遥远的地方人们是如何生活的？哪里有好的体育比赛吗？海洋最深处的生活是什么样的？如果你想回答所有这些问题，就上网吧。当然，人们也可以通过阅读或听收音机来学习。但是有了互联网，他们可以学得更好，更容易。大量的信息可以以极快的速度收集。)”可知，文章第二段主要讲述的是我们可以通过互联网以很快的速度收集大量的信息。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Can we go shopping without leaving home Can we see a doctor without going to the hospital Can we study without going to school Can we draw money without going to the bank All these things seemed to be impossible, but now they have come true.(我们可以足不出户就去购物吗？我们能不去医院看医生吗？我们可以不去学校学习吗？我们不去银行就能取钱吗？这一切似乎都是专题01阅读理解记叙文&说明文
(一)
（2023下·广东·高一校联考期中）During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, wearing masks is widely believed to be a simple but effective method to protect oneself from a variety of harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let’s take a look at some mask-related history.
1st century
In that era, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To handle this problem, Pliny the Elder (23 — 79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being inhaled (吸入). Although primitive, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.
16th century
Early inventions did not stop with Pliny. Many centuries later, Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452 — 1519), suggested using a woven cloth dipped in water over the face to protect against the toxic (有毒的) chemicals.
19th century
The design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki designed a simple mask made up of one layer of gauze (纱布), recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. That was the first recorded use of a surgical mask.
20th century
In 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Made of two layers of surgical gauze, it could be wrapped around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by many experts around the world, as it was simple to make and had a low production cost.
Modern exploration
With several outbreaks of infectious diseases and the flu, and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to better protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90, which can filter out (过滤掉) this fine particulate (微粒) matter, became highly popular.
1．According to the text, why were masks invented
A．To reduce the risk of infection.
B．To protect miners from dust.
C．To indicate patients with respiratory illnesses.
D．To protect workers from harmful chemicals.
2．What was considered a milestone in face mask history
A．Using a woven cloth instead of animal skins.
B．Getting a patent on protective masks for miners.
C．The invention of surgical masks in 1897.
D．Using more than one layer of surgical gauze.
3．“Wu’s mask” grew popular around the world because ________.
A．it could be used multiple times
B．it was simple for people to wear
C．it was cheap and easy to produce
D．it could better protect people from smog
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The development of masks.
B．The benefits of using masks.
C．A comparison of different masks.
D．The roles masks played in ancient times.
(二)
（2023下·湖南·高一桃江县第一中学校联考期中）For many of us, there’s nothing better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.
It may seem obvious that reading is good for us. It can be educational, and, as some say, it can “broaden the mind”. A good novel can make us happy or sad, or make us cry as we empathize with characters. The power of books was recognized a few years ago by the British charity Reading Agency, who published a list of books that doctors could offer to patients, dealing with topics from depression to dementia and chronic pain.
Professor Philip Davis studies the effects of literature at Liverpool University and is author of a book called Reading for Life. He studies people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature—written work thought to have artistic value, that has the best effect. He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, “…the brain begins to work from different parts, from a different hemisphere and it gets excited, it gets pre-emotional—and you can see the brain coming to life.”
Of course, it’s easy in our smartphone generation to throw away a good book and get addicted to our phones instead. But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help boost or maintain our mental health. It’s thought they can help you set targets and find focus. And they may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s perspective.
If you’re not an eager reader it can be hard to know where to begin. If the Reading Agency book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be hooked! And if you still love your technology, you could always use an e-reader.
5．How can reading an appointed book help someone
A．Improve mental health. B．Increase reading speed.
C．Better studying desire. D．Achieve high grades.
6．Why does the author mention Professor Philip Davis’s interview to the BBC in Paragraph 3
A．To explain the details of research. B．To promote the benefits of relaxing.
C．To show the effects of reading literature. D．To introduce the ways of reading a book.
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The advantage of an e-reader. B．The reason for reading a good book.
C．The development of modern technology. D．The way of getting advice on what book to read.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Power of Books B．Never Too Late to Read
C．Reading Makes a Full Man D．A Bridge to a New World
（三）
（2023下·全国·高一商丘市第一高级中学校考期中）Rather than spending your summer break bored in the house, you can check out the highest-paying part-time jobs for teens and make some money while doing something interesting. Part-time jobs are more than a way of spending your holiday, as they also offer you the chance to get some working experience. It gives teens an understanding of work life and teaches various work values such as time keeping, time management, teamwork and professionalism
Barista(咖啡厅服务生)
Working as a barista will improve your skills at making the perfect cup. It gives you the chance to become a coffee expert. Also, you get all of the delicious caffeine drink your heart can deal with. But you should be warned that this job comes with some very early morning shifts (轮班).
Lifeguard
This is as close to “Super Hero” as it gets as a young person. You learn how to save lives and keep people having fun at your local pool or waterpark. While some swim-related establishments(机构) offer CPR training, not all do. Before you apply, check the places where you’re hoping to work to make sure you’re qualified.
Teacher Assistant
Pretty good at a certain subject in school or just good at explaining things Helping someone else learn something improves your understanding of that skill. That’s a pretty sweet return gift for helping someone out.
Food Delivery Driver
If you have a will of steel, you can deliver(递送) food to hungry people. If not, you may eat up everything during your delivery. You also get a sweet reduction on food. This job’s better for the stomach and the wallet! You just need to have a driver’s license and you are required to be over 18.
9．What do you have to do as a barista
A．Be a coffee expert. B．Get up very early in some days.
C．Fall in love with caffeine drink. D．Be skilled at making the perfect cup.
10．A man dreaming of becoming a super hero is likely to work as a _______.
A．barista B．lifeguard
C．teacher assistant D．food delivery driver
11．What are you required to do as a teacher assistant
A．Send some sweet gifts. B．Earn a new certain subject.
C．Receive some training first. D．Do well in explaining things.
（四）
（2023下·湖北武汉·高一武汉市第四十九中学校联考期中）What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving(草编的)products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang province. The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty(c.11th century-256 BC).
Straw weaving is a method of making daily items or artworks. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated, time consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks, or even months, to complete. You need to sketch(索描)the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Next comes weaving, shaping and preserving of the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is to make it lifelike.
In the past, woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside, such as straw hats and straw shoes, because they were practical in everyday life. But due to the impact of industrialization, manufactured goods have replaced such products, which cause low profits, and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country. “The world has changed, and craftsmen need to transcend(超越)practicality and pursue the beauty and artistry of straw culture to help the craft survive and thrive(茁壮成长),” Wu says.
From her perspective, straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture, “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
12．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products
A．Their historic origins. B．Their cultural value.
C．Their major uses. D．Their producing process.
13．Which is the most difficult part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A．Selecting suitable materials. B．Drawing sketches on paper.
C．Making the artworks vivid. D．Preserving finished products.
14．What can we learn from Wu Cui’s opinion according to the last paragraph
A．Craftsmen should bring forth new ideas in the crafts based on traditional culture
B．Pursuing fashion should be the first preference for eraftspeople.
C．Local people benefit a lot from the straw—weaving techniques.
D．Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
15．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain the process of straw weaving. B．To present the future of a traditional culture.
C．To introduce a way to pursue the beauty and artistry. D．To propose a new means of crafting.
（五）
（2023下·广东揭阳·高一普宁市华侨中学校考期中）After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.
Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.
Every four-square-meter room is equipped with a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. There’s no shower or washbasin.
Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit (保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes.
The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan, Yicai Global reports. The idea of the shared fitness experience is not entirely nascent. Last December, the Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.
The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident investors are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP.
16．What makes the shared gym room different from the common one
A．Holding one person at a time. B．Standing in the living zone.
C．Offering open spaces. D．Having some advanced equipment.
17．What do people need to do to use the shared gym room
A．Let down curtains for privacy. B．Pay 100 yuan first.
C．Use a smartphone. D．Have a shower before exercise.
18．What does the underlined word “nascent” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Simple. B．Popular. C．Satisfying. D．New.
19．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To advertise a technology company. B．To introduce shared gym rooms.
C．To support the shared gym rooms. D．To predict the future of shared gym rooms.
（六）
（2023下·新疆喀什·高一统考期中）The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar. This day is always the first full moon in the new year. Ancient people also called it Shangyuan Festival. Celebrations and traditions on this day began from the Han Dynasty and became popular in the Tang Dynasty.
Watching the red lanterns is one of the main traditions. Lanterns of different shapes and sizes are usually put on trees, or along river banks on show. It is said that sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming to ask for help when he was in trouble. Today, when the lanterns slowly rise into the air, people make wishes. Another tradition is guessing lantern riddles. The riddles are usually short, wise, and sometimes humorous (幽默的). The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character, a famous person’s name, or a place name.
The most important thing is to eat sweet dumplings with different tastes. In northern China, they are called yuanxiao while in southern part they’re named tangyuan. Because making sweet dumplings is like a game or an activity, they are usually done happily by a group of friends or family members.
In old times, the Lantern Festival was also a good time for young people to find love. Watching lanterns gave young people a chance to meet each other. And there were many romantic stories about this festival. A line from Xin Qiji, a poet during the Song Dynasty, shows this, “Hundreds and thousands of times I searched for her in the crowd. Suddenly I turned, and there she stood in the dim light.”
In a word, the Lantern Festival has brought us Chinese so much fun and joy over the years. We hope the young people can carry on these traditions and take pride in Chinese culture.
20．In ancient times, sky lanterns were first used for ______by Zhuge Kongming.
A．ask for help B．guessing lantern riddles
C．making wishes D．celebrating people’s birthdays
21．Which of the following is NOT true about sweet dumplings
A．They have different tastes.
B．People enjoy the process of making them.
C．They are named “yuanxiao” all over the country.
D．People usually make them with family and friends.
22．The line from Xin Qiji in the passage shows the Lantern Festival was ______in old times.
A．necessary B．demanding C．romantic D．important
（七）
（2023下·河南·高一校联考期中）A newly published study on frogs and malaria (疟疾) shows how closely human health may be influenced by these lovable creatures. In the 1980s, scientists in Costa Rica and Panama began to notice a quiet and dramatic decline in frog numbers. Frogs in this part of the world were falling prey to a deadly fungal pathogen (真菌病原体), and they were doing so at such a rapid rate that researchers at the time feared a wave of local extinctions.
Some scientists now argue the fungal pathogen has caused the greatest recorded loss of biodiversity to a disease ever. And it is responsible for significant declines in at least 501 amphibian (两栖类的) species, including 90 extinctions, from Asia to South America.
Frogs directly influence mosquito population sizes because mosquitoes are a key source of food, which means the numbers of amphibians could ultimately influence the vectors that spread deadly human diseases.
Comparing an amphibian decline map and malaria occurrence map between 1976 and 2016, researchers found a clear pattern that could be predicted with high accuracy and confidence by their model.
In the eight years after great amphibian losses from fungal pathogen, there was an increase in malaria cases equal to about 1 extra case per 1,000 people. This extra case would probably not have come about without the recent amphibian die-off. In a usual outbreak of malaria, occurrence rates usually peak from about 1.1-1.5 cases per 1,000 people. This means a loss of amphibians in Central America could have possibly driven a 70-90 percent increase in how many people were getting sick.
As you read this, the fungal pathogen is taking a ride around the world with global trade, and it threatens not just the future of amphibians but the health of our own species. As the current study reveals, frogs and human health often go hand-in-hand. We’re stuck together whether we like it or not.
23．What happened in the 1980s
A．Malaria broke out in Costa Rica and Panama.
B．A wave of local extinctions occurred in Costa Rica.
C．The frogs decreased greatly in Costa Rica and Panama.
D．Scientists made a new invention in Costa Rica and Panama.
24．What does the underlined word “vectors” probably refer to in paragraph 3
A．Declines. B．Mosquitoes. C．Amphibians. D．Patterns.
25．What is the author’s attitude towards the fungal pathogen according to the last paragraph
A．Concerned. B．Objective. C．Optimistic. D．Indifferent.
26．What is the main idea of the text
A．We should protect some lovable animals from dying off.
B．The number of frogs may have an effect on human health.
C．Human diseases are closely related to heavy losses of amphibians.
D．Scientists find the close connection between frogs and mosquitoes.
（八）
（2023下·江西上饶·高一校联考期中）The mom had died when the rescuers found her after the terrible earthquake. She was covered by a destroyed house. Through gaps (缝隙) of those ruins, the rescuers could see her last posture (姿势). It was something like an ancient person who was kowtowing (叩头), but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.
The rescuers confirmed her death by touching her through the gaps of the ruins. They shouted at the ruins again and again, knocked the bricks using various tools, but no reply inside.
Then the rescuing team went to the next building. Suddenly the leader ran back, calling “Come here.” He came to the body, put his hands under the woman, feeling and touching, then shouted loudly and gladly, “There is someone, a baby, still living.”
Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins which blocked her. Under her body lay her baby, who was covered by a small red quilt (棉被). He was about 3 or 4 months’ old. Since well protected by his mother’s body, he was safe. He was in a deep sleep when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him. The doctor, along with the rescuing team, took the baby out of the quilt to check if the baby was all right, and he found there was a mobile phone in the quilt. The doctor looked at the screen; a written message was already there: “My dear baby if you could live, don’t forget how much I love you.” As a doctor, he experienced much of this type of separation; but at this moment, he cried. The mobile phone was passed, and every person who saw this message shed (流出) tears.
27．When the rescuers found the mom, she________.
A．was using her mobile phone to ask for help B．begged the rescuers to save her baby first
C．was struggling with the pressure D．didn’t have the normal shape
28．When the baby was rescued, he________.
A．was smiling a lot B．was fast asleep
C．was listening carefully D．was frightened to death
29．After seeing the words on the mobile phone, people was________.
A．Moved B．Excited C．Excited D．tired
30．The passage is mainly about________.
A．a story of saving a mother and her baby B．the disaster of a terrible earthquake
C．the great love of a mother in the earthquake D．the rescuers’ hard work after an earthquake
（九）
（2023下·福建三明·高一校联考期中）A farmer had some puppies he needed to sell. As he was putting up a sign to sell the puppies, he felt a pull on his trousers. He looked down into the eyes of a little boy.
“Sir,” he said, “I want to buy one of your puppies.”
“Well,” said the farmer, “these puppies come from fine parents and cost a large number of money.”
The boy dropped his head for a moment. Then reaching deep into his pocket, he pulled out a handful of change.
“I’ve got 89 cents. Is that enough at least to take a look ”
“Sure,” said the farmer. “Here, Dolly!” he called. Out from the doghouse ran Dolly followed by four little balls of fur.
The little boy pressed his face against the fence. His eyes danced with joy. As the dogs made their way to the fence, the little boy noticed something else moving inside the doghouse.
Slowly another little fur ball appeared, this one noticeably smaller, wobbling (蹒跚) toward the others, doing its best to catch up.
“I want that one, ” the little boy said, pointing to the little dog.
The farmer knelt down at the boy’s side and said, “Son, you don’t want that puppy. He will never be able to run and play with you like these other dogs would.”
Hearing that, the little boy stepped back from the fence, reached down, and began rolling up one leg of his trousers. There was a disabled (残疾的) leg with a specially made shoe attached to it. Looking back up at the farmer, he said, “You see, sir, I don’t run too well myself, and he will need someone who understands.”
With tears in his eyes, the farmer reached down and picked up the little pup. Holding it carefully he handed it to the little boy.
“How much ” asked the little boy.
“No charge (收费),” answered the farmer, “There’s no charge for love and understanding.”
31．What did the farmer sell
A．Signs. B．Puppies. C．Balls. D．Trousers.
32．The farmer charged the boy nothing because ______.
A．he lost his patience B．he wanted to be praised
C．he was moved by the boy D．he didn’t want the sick puppy
33．What can we learn from this passage
A．Dogs are our best friends. B．A smaller dog can also run fast.
C．Love and understanding is priceless. D．The higher the price, the better the goods.
（十）
（2023下·安徽马鞍山·高一安徽省当涂第一中学校考期中）Rob Kenney’s dad left him when he was little. At a time when he was on the path to young adulthood, he had no father to guide him on the way. He had a painful experience as a young boy, but learned, with the help of his marriage, to forgive his dad just before his dad died in his 80s. Now, with a wife of 29 years and two successful adult children — Kristine, 27, who works with kids, and Kyle, a software engineer — Kenney wants to pay it forward.
“My goal in life was to raise good adults, not good children,” he explains. The fact that his kids have both grown up and left the house left him thinking how he might help others. And the quarantine (隔离期) was actually the perfect time for him to finally share some key life skills with other kids who might be growing up in difficult situations — maybe they’ve lost a parent or have parents who are absent.
So the dad set up a heart-warming YouTube program called Dad, How Do I , a program that shares instructional videos like how to cook a meal and tie a perfect tie.
His practical tips have really touched the viewers, which are growing in number day by day. Rob Kenney is just what the Internet needs — a caring dad who wants to share his skills. It’s no wonder that he has gotten as many as 1.9 million fans in return.
The unbelievable success of Rob Kenney’s videos suggests the need for a good father figure in a child’s life. From teaching basic life skills to encouraging them to be kind, a father figure helps kids develop into active members of society. He especially instructs them in good manners, being honest, and being grateful.
34．What do we know about Kenney
A．He learnt a lot from his dad. B．He learnt life skills from his wife.
C．He once hated his father so much. D．He recognised his failing as a father.
35．Why did Kenney start the program
A．To offer tips on how to deal with loneliness. B．To teach life skills to kids with absent parents.
C．To prepare his own children for the adulthood. D．To encourage people to lead a healthy life.
36．What does the author think of Kenney’s videos
A．Their popularity is no surprise. B．They are beautifully made.
C．They should cover more skills. D．They need something moving.
37．What does the author want to show in the last paragraph
A．Best qualities of a good father figure. B．Lessons learnt from Kenney’s success.
C．A father figure’s role in child development. D．Kenney’s achievements as a father figure.
（十一）
（2023下·江苏镇江·高一统考期中）A Joke and Balloon
In 2001, a young girl called Laura Buxton released a balloon from her bedroom window in Staffordshire, England. Attached to the balloon were a joke and Laura’s e-mail address. “At the time, I thought it was funny,” said ten-year-old Laura.
Amazingly, six weeks later, Laura received an e-mail from another ten-year-old girl who lived in the town of Buton, about 200 kilometers away. In the e-mail, the young girl explained how she had found the balloon and she enjoyed the joke. Incredibly, the little girl’s name was also Laura Buxton.
A Walking Book
During a tour of the US, the British actor Sir Anthony Hopkins lost one of his favorite novels, a copy of The Girl from Petrovka by George Feifer. Inside the book was a dedication (献词) from his mother. He searched everywhere for it, but the book had disappeared.
However, three years later, Hopkins was on the London Underground when he noticed a copy of the book on the seat next to him. On opening the first page, he saw his mother’s familiar handwriting.
Supermarket Surprise
66-year-old John Foundergen of Liverpool had been trying to trace his brother for decades. Many years before, there had been a family argument and the two brothers hadn’t seen each other since. However, one day, John met a woman in a supermarket who said, “Hey, you know, you look just like my husband.” You can guess the rest.
Delayed Gratitude
In 1965 Roger Akua, aged four, was saved from drowning by a woman called Alice Blaise. Nine years later, Roger saw a man drowning on the same beach. Roger dived in and saved the man. Roger later found out that the man was Alice Blaise’s husband.
38．Why did Laura Buxton release a balloon
A．To tell a story. B．To ask for help.
C．To have some fun. D．To convey her kindness.
39．Who might be the woman John met in a supermarket
A．Alice Blaise. B．John’s wife.
C．Laura Buxton. D．John’s sister-in-law.
40．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Surprising stories. B．Moving stories.
C．Frightening stories. D．Inspiring stories.
（十二）
（2023下·新疆乌鲁木齐·高一校考期中）A teacher stood in front of his history class of twenty students just before handing out the final exam.
His students sat quietly and waited for him to speak.
“It’s been a pleasure teaching you this term,” he said. “You’ve all worked very hard, so I have a pleasant surprise for you. Everyone who chooses not to take the final exam will get a ‘B’ for the course.”
Most of the students jumped out of their seats. They thanked the teacher happily, and walked out of the classroom. Only a few students stayed. The teacher looked at them. “This is your last chance,” he said. “Does anyone else want to leave ” All the students there stayed in their seats and took out their pencils.
The teacher smiled. “Congratulations,” he said. “I’m glad to see you believe in yourselves. You all get A’s.”
41．This story most probably took place ________.
A．at the beginning of the term B．in the middle of the term
C．at the end of the term D．at the beginning of the school year
42．Why did some students stay in their seats
A．Because they didn’t have anything to do.
B．Because the teacher told them to stay in their class.
C．Because they were afraid to leave.
D．Because they wanted to take the exam.
43．The teacher gave the students who stayed in the classroom A’s because________.
A．the teacher liked them.
B．they were cleverer than the other students.
C．they believed in themselves.
D．they studied hard.
（十三）
（2023下·广东深圳·高一校考期中）Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone, when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression It may seem like they have consciously copied you, but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon (变色龙) effect at play.
The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.
The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999. The part of their experiment included 78 people, who each spoke with an experimenter. During the test, Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn’t met before, like moving the foot and touching the face. The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.
In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to insure unconscious acts. The second stage involved half of the participants being copied, and then rating the likability of the experimenter. The results, showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behavior, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.
The main reasons behind humans’ imitation are positive. However, when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme, they can lose their sense of self. Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected. But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice. Next time you are in a social gathering, take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.
44．Why do people imitate others’ behavior
A．To show admiration for others. B．To adapt to the surroundings.
C．To establish a connection with others. D．To attract others’ attention.
45．How did the experimenter guarantee participants’ unconscious behaviors
A．By directing their attention to a photo. B．By keeping an eye on their actions.
C．By telling them the purpose of the study. D．By evaluating the impacts of imitation.
46．What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment
A．People tend to like those who imitate their behavior.
B．Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial.
C．People imitating others are not easy to be detected.
D．The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.
47．Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage
A．Students adopt teachers’ accents for fun after class.
B．People change their habits to please others on purpose.
C．A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage.
D．A husband and his wife share similar behaviors over time.
（十四）
（2023下·福建泉州·高一校考期中）Finger painting is an art that most people have experienced in childhood. But there are still people who know little about this art form. Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper. All you need is a table at elbow height, a few sheets of plain paper, and a few bottles of watercolor.
When engaging kids in this activity, one should use non-toxic (无毒的) paints only. If not available in the market readily, non-toxic paints can be made at home easily. Preferably, the paints should also be eatable. Finger paints come in bright colors and can be purchased relatively inexpensively. Adults can save money by making their own finger paints using a mixture of cornstarch, food coloring and water.
It is a common fallacy that finger painting is for children alone, rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure. Adults can use rubber gloves while painting to avoid dirty marks of paints on their hands. When a group of people are gathered for an exercise of finger painting, it can be a great way of creating a bond between the group. Art and painting parties are a popular concept in the West. Organizations can also use finger painting as a team-building activity by making participants paint together on a large canvas (画布).
There’s no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting. All one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints. While painting, one may unconsciously choose colors that reflect their emotions. For example, you may choose the color red to express your anger or green to express hope. At times you may be confused, and the painting will help you describe your confused state of mind. Once you get your emotions on paper, you are likely to feel relieved.
So what are you waiting for Plan a finger-painting session soon, and experience the joy.
48．What can we know about finger painting
A．Kids learn it much faster than adults. B．Finger painting is easy to carry out.
C．Most people loved it in their childhood. D．The preparation for it is quite difficult.
49．What should people do when there are kids involved in finger painting
A．Use paints of bright colors. B．Buy inexpensive paints.
C．Have parents stay with them. D．Prepare safe paints for them.
50．What does the underlined word “fallacy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Sense. B．Misunderstanding. C．Principle D．Possibility.
51．What does the example in Paragraph 4 show
A．Finger painters have a wide choice of colors.
B．Finger painting shows people’s emotions correctly.
C．Finger painting provides freedom of self-expression.
D．Finger painters can find artistic inspiration from emotions.
（十五）
（2023下·新疆喀什·高一统考期中）Many people like to explore the Internet. Exploring the Internet is one of the most important activities of the day. The internet is one of the most important activities of the day. The Internet brings the outside world closer to people’s homes. Some people say the world is smaller than before because of the Internet.
What’s going on in other countries How do people live in places far away Is there a good sports game somewhere What’s life like in the deepest part of the sea If you want to answer all these questions , just come to the internet. Of course, people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio. But with the internet they can learn better and more easily . A lot of information can be collected at a great speed.
Can we go shopping without leaving home Can we see a doctor without going to the hospital Can we study without going to school Can we draw money without going to the bank All these things seemed to be impossible, but now they have come true.
The Internet helps us to open our eyes. The Internet also helps to open our minds. The Internet often gives us new ideas. In a word, it helps us in many ways. Great changes have taken place in our life since the use of the Internet.
52．What is second paragraph mainly about
A．We can become wise because of the Internet.
B．We can know everything through the Internet.
C．We can learn only through reading or listening to the radio.
D．A lot of information can be collected at a great speed through the Internet.
53．According to the third paragraph we can do the following on the Internet EXCEPT_____.
A．cook a meal without rice
B．study without going to school
C．go shopping without leaving home
D．see a doctor without going to the hospital
54．What does underline sentence “The Internet also helps to open our minds.” in the last paragraph mean
A．We cannot think without the Internet.
B．We can get some new ideas from the Internet.
C．Our minds can`t be opened unless we search the Internet.
D．Something is wrong with our minds because of the Internet.
55．What does the text mainly tell us
A．The Internet is everything.
B．We cannot live without the Internet.
C．The Internet helps us a lot in many ways.
D．We don`t need banks, schools or hospitals anymore.
（十六）
（2023下内蒙古通辽·高一校考期中）Last year I went to the Rio de Janeiro Carnival, and it blew my mind. It had been my dream to attend the famous carnival for many years, so I was excited. However ,the moment I arrived, I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets. They say that five or six million people come to Rio during carnival time and about two million of them are on the streets on any given day. Luckily, I had a local guide, my sister’s friend Ronnie. He said he would take care of me and show me around at the carnival. He did not let me down.
Well, the carnival is all about the samba. It’s a style of music and dance which has its origins in Africa. Lots of Africans were used as slave labor by the Portuguese when Brazil was being conquered, so this mixed culture of African, Latin and European styles is really strong here. Samba music is usually fast and exciting with a lot of drums and harmonic vocals(和声).It’s the kind of music that you couldn’t help dancing to. And I was learning that as I followed Ronnie through the crowd, I couldn’t help moving my hips and shoulders.
Ronnie had got us tickets for the samba parade inside the Sambadrome where the top samba schools compete for the championship, but we still had a long way to go through the street parties. He said most people enjoy the carnival by making their own parties in the street. About the samba parade, twelve main teams compete for the championship, and if they win, their performance will be talked about for years to come.
So, you must be wondering how it was. Well, I’m afraid I can’t tell you. Ronnie and I never made into the Sambadrome. We spent the day moving from one street party to another. There were more snacks, more drinks and lots of dancing. Do I regret missing the main parade Not at all. I experienced the carnival like the locals, and it was truly amazing.
56．How did the author feel once she arrived at the carnival
A．Disappointed.
B．Anxious.
C．Excited.
D．Annoyed.
57．What can be known about samba in Paragraph 2
A．It has a strong mixed culture.
B．Its music is always fast but soft.
C．It is not to the taste of the author.
D．It has its origins in South America.
58．Why didn’t the author regret missing the main parade
A．She met some amazing local people.
B．She gave her own parties in the street.
C．She celebrated the festival in a local way.
D．She didn’t have the tickets for the parade.
59．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To recommend a helpful guide.
B．To encourage people to learn samba.
C．To share an unforgettable experience.
D．To tell a cruel history of Rio de Janeiro.
（十七）
（2023下·福建龙岩·高一统考期中）While most musicians work with other artists when creating their music, Holly Herndon, an American musician and sound artist who is now based in Berlin, takes a different way, working with the machine learning software called Spawn. The software uses artificial neural networks modeled after the structure of the human brain. These networks learn patterns from datasets during the training process. Based on the data, the networks create new material that includes Herndon’s own voice.
When producing her album, PROTO, Holly trained datasets to write new music. The process requires the input data of music written by people or by artificial intelligence (AI). The neural networks then produce variations of that music. “Computers surprise you in a way that an instrument doesn’t,” Holly said. So what does music sound like when composed by what is essentially a robot It sounds like music from the future!
But Holly Herndon isn’t the only one exploring AI in composition. Machines have played an increasingly important role in music over the last century. The godfather of computer science, Alan Turing, developed the first computer generated music in 1951. Then in 1980. David Cope from the University of California, Santa Cruz developed EMI — Experiments in Musical Intelligence, a system that analyzes existing music and produces new pieces based on it.
AI might not take over the job of the “pop star” anytime soon, or will it Miquela Sousa is a computer-generated artist with over one million followers on Instagram. “I’m a model and singer. And I’m a robot,” Miquela said. This then raises the question: Can we reproduce creativity using a computer
Though those questions are not easy to answer, I believe the next frontier of music lies somewhere in between. I can see the path forward with a new dawn of creativity that combines human inventiveness with AI. And the next chapter of music will certainly become wonderful as music and AI become even more closely connected.
60．What plays an important role in producing PROTO
A．Holly’s special voice. B．The input of existing music.
C．Holly’s rich knowledge. D．The use of an instrument.
61．Why does the author mention the example of Miquela Sousa
A．To promote deep thinking on AI musicians.
B．To show the popularity of smart robots.
C．To explain the tasks of computer-generated artists.
D．To make comparisons between human and robotic artists.
62．What is the author’s attitude towards music co- created by AI and humans
A．Doubtful. B．Surprised. C．Confused. D．Confident.
63．What does the text mainly talk about
A．The increasing diversity of AI music. B．The development of musical composition.
C．The history of computer-generated music. D．The combination of AI and musical composition.
（十八）
（2023下·浙江·高一期中）A study from 2010 said that raising prices by 1% without losing sales can increase profits by 8.7% on average. Getting the prices right can be difficult. Set them too high and you lose customers; set them too low and you leave money on the table.
To make more money, shopkeepers have been turning to price-optimization (优化) systems that predict how customers will respond to price changes. These systems are becoming cleverer thanks to advances in artificial intelligence (AI). While older systems used historical sales data to estimate (估计) price sensitivity for individual goods, the latest AI-powered systems can find relationships between multiple goods. These AI-powered systems use big data to estimate price sensitivity — how much demand increases as the price falls or how much demand decreases as the price goes up-for thousands of products. Price-sensitive (价格敏感的) goods can then be discounted and price-insensitive ones marked up.
All this makes pricing systems “much more three-dimensional”, observes Chad Yoes, the pricing official at Walmart, a supermarket. In February, Starbucks, a chain of coffee shops, expressed pride in its use of AI to price products “on an ongoing basis”. US Foods, a food company, says its pricing system can promote sales and profits.
Price-optimization may make prices change more. “Shopkeepers are pricing faster today than they ever have before,” says Matt Pavich of Revionics, a pricing-software firm. That is especially true in the fast-moving world of e-commerce. But even Walmart changes the prices of many items in its stores 2-4 times a year, says Mr Yoes. up from once or twice a few years ago.
Sysco, a food company, says the AI-powered system allows it to lower prices on “key value items” and raise prices on other products. It can thus increase profits by expanding sales while maintaining profits. That keeps investors content and shoppers sweet.
64．What can be learned from the first paragraph
A．It is sometimes difficult to set the right prices.
B．Getting the prices right can make you lose customers.
C．Raising prices by 1% always leads to an 8.7% increase in profits.
D．The study from 2010 suggests that you leave money on the table.
65．What is the advantage of AI-powered pricing systems over older systems
A．They are more price-sensitive.
B．They make prices change more.
C．They can predict price sensitivity for individual goods.
D．They are able to identify links between various products.
66．According to the text, which of the following products will shopkeepers reduce the price of
A．Starbucks coffee. B．Price-insensitive goods.
C．Walmart’s online goods. D．Sysco’s “key value items”.
67．What is the best title for the text
A．Apply AI to Set Prices B．Raise Prices to Increase Profits
C．Reduce Prices to Promote Sales D．Use AI to Predict Customer Response
（十九）
（2023下·河北石家庄·高一石家庄市第十七中学校考期中）The wish to capture the wonder of nature on a smartphone or camera is understandable. People like the beauty of nature and also want to share with their followers, friends and family, but our relationship with the outdoors should not be centered around social media. The “do it for the ‘‘Instagram’” thought needs to be reconsidered.
Social media has undoubtedly helped attract more visitors to wild places. There are both good and bad sides that come with an increased visitation to these sites. Visiting nature and observing wildlife can help people feel more connected to wild plants and animals. These experiences may encourage more protection of natural spaces. Yet increased traffic to these sites has also caused them harm. Spaces that are ill-equipped to deal with too many visits experience environmental degradation, which in turn can endanger those who take photos by putting them in dangerous situations. Search and rescue cases have increased by 38% in the last few years in LA County, some of which were connected to adventurers trying to capture photos for their social media. Deadly falls in the outdoors can and should be avoided with less photographing for social media.
Recently, one highly visited natural site stopped photography-only tours. Antelope Canyon in Page, Arizona, will no longer be allowing visits that are centered around cameras. Handheld phones will still be allowed, but large tripods (三角架) and monopods (独脚架) will not be. This is a great first step that should be brought to other natural settings, especially in places that have already been completely photographed by professionals.
It is necessary to free ourselves from technology every once and a while. The unhealthy attachment (依恋) to photography and social media feeds has created problems for humans and nature, and should be replaced with practicing mindfulness while in the outdoors.
68．What does the underlined part “do it for the ‘Instagram’” in the first paragraph refer to
A．A social phenomenon. B．A typical human-nature relationship
C．An illegal behavior. D．A strong preference for natural places.
69．What does the underlined word “degradation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Journey. B．Damage. C．Movement. D．Protection.
70．Which is a reasonable way to decrease unexpected deaths among adventures
A．Building more rescue teams. B．improving traffic conditions.
C．Limiting the number of adventurers. D．Stopping photographing for social media.
71．Why does the author mention Antelope Canyon in Page, Arizona
A．To argue against limiting the number of visitors.
B．To provide an example for other natural sites to follow
C．To warn visitors to take fewer photos when travelling outdoors.
D．To call on professional photographers to protect natural beauty.
（二十）
（2023下·浙江杭州·高一杭州四中校考期中）It’s unusual that you see the words “shyness” and “leader” in the same sentence. After all, the common viewpoint is that those outgoing and sociable guys make great public speakers and excellent networkers and that those shy people are not. A survey conducted by USA Today referred to 65 percent of executives who believed shyness to be a barrier to leadership. Interestingly, the same article stresses that roughly 40 percent of leaders actually are quite shy — they’re just better at adapting themselves to situational demands. Bill Gates, Warren Buffet and Charles Schwab are just a few “innies”.
Unlike their outgoing counterparts who are more sensitive to rewards and risk-taking, shy people take a cautious attitude to chance. Rather than talk loudly, shy people listen attentively to what others say and absorb it before they speak. They’re not thinking about what to say while the other person is still talking, but rather listening so they can learn what to say. Along the same lines, shy people share a common love of learning. They seek content without caring about an outside standard.
Being shy can also bring other benefits. Remember being in school and hearing the same kids discuss, until shy little Johnny, who almost never said a word, cut in Then what happened Everyone turned around to look with great respect at little Johnny actually talking. This is how shy people made good use of their power of presence: they “own” the moment by speaking calmly and purposefully, which translate to positive image.
Shyness is often related to modesty. Shy people tend to have an accurate sense of their abilities and achievements. As a result, they are able to acknowledge mistakes, imperfections, knowledge gaps and limitations.
Since shy people have a lower sensitivity to outside rewards than outgoing ones, they’re more comfortable working with little information and sticking to their inner desires. Shy people are also more likely to insist on finding solutions that aren’t obvious. Don’t believe me Maybe you’ll believe Albert Einstein, who once said, “It’s not that I’m so smart, it’s that I stay with problems longer.” Obviously, finding certainty where uncertainty is typically popular is a huge plus for any successful person.
The myth that shy people are less effective leaders than their outgoing fellows is just a misunderstanding. Make wise use of your personality strengths to lead your business no matter what side of the range you fall on.
72．What can we can learn from Paragraph 2
A．Shy people are sensitive to rewards.
B．Shy people care more about content.
C．Outgoing people are more careful about chances
D．Outgoing people consider what to learn while listening.
73．The example of Johnny shows_________.
A．shy people are likely to be modest
B．hardworking students speak title in public
C．some students keep silent on purpose at school
D．shy people may have an advantage in discussion
74．What does the author want to convey by quoting Albert Einstein in Paragraph 5
A．Outside reward leads to insistence. B．Shyness results in devotion.
C．Shyness contributes to popularity. D．Uncertainty counts more than certainty.
75．How does the author mainly support his ideas
A．By making contrasts and giving examples.
B．By quoting authorities and making suggestions.
C．By explaining problems and providing solutions.
D．By giving definitions and presenting numbers.
（二十一）
（2023下·江苏徐州·高一徐州市第一中学校考期中）A satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential solution.
The firm’s End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smaller “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser to dock with it.
The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.
Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.
“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space — they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at Astroscale UK. “This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth’s atmosphere.
If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that could drag three or four out of orbit at once.
76．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “dock with” in Paragraph 2
A．Join together. B．Keep up with.
C．Deal with. D．Crash.
77．Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites
A．Because they can earn large profits from it.
B．Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.
C．Because of the growing space waste problem.
D．Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.
78．What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem
A．An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite.
B．Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satellite.
C．Tumbling to match the motion of “client” satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.
D．Finding the “client” satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically.
79．What can we infer from the passage
A．people will burn the space junk up in Earth’s atmosphere in the future.
B．the demonstration mission will be divided into three phases.
C．These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.
D．Japan and Russia will conduct space debris cleanup experiment together.
（二十二）
（2023下·浙江杭州·高一杭州外国语学校校考期中）Are you a different person when you speak a foreign language That’s just one of the questions The New Yorker’s writer and native North Carolinian Lauren Collins explores in her engaging autobiography, about her tough efforts to master French after marrying a Frenchman whose name — Olivier — she couldn’t even pronounce properly. When in French ranges from the humorously personal to a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics.
The couple met in London “on more or less neutral ground: his continent, my language.” But the balance shifted when they moved to Geneva for Olivier’s work. The normally voluble Collins found herself at a loss — “nearly speechless.” The language barrier, and her dependence on her husband for simple things like buying the right cut of meat worsened her mixed feelings about “unlovely, but not ridiculous” Geneva. She comments, “Language, as much as land, is a place. To be cut off from it is to be, in a sense, homeless.”
Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America’s miserable record when it comes to foreign languages: “Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations,” Collins writes. Educated in Wilmington, N.C．, and at Princeton, she could — like the vast majority of Americans — only speak their mother tongue.
Eight months after she moved to Switzerland, Collins gave up on the natural acquisition of language and finally enrolls in a French course. As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). “Although it’s difficult, French can be tried,” she says.
Yet French is actually considered among the easiest languages for an English speaker to learn, especially compared to Arabic or Mandarin Chinese. Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, “English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance, but I've worked for every bit of French I've banked.”
Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri, who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words, Collins’ goals for learning French were more modest: “I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.” She also wanted to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers, communicate with her in-laws, and “to touch Olivier in his own language.” She admits that she feels different speaking French: “Its austerity (朴素) made me feel more confused.”
80．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “voluble” in Paragraph 2
A．Graceful. B．Dependent. C．Talkative. D．Energetic.
81．Why do linguists call America “the graveyard of languages”
A．Because other languages are prohibited in America.
B．Because only English-speaking people can immigrate into America.
C．Because immigrants’ native languages contradict English in America.
D．Because American culture swallows up immigrants’ native languages gradually.
82．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5
A．Collins’ English vocabulary knowledge contributes little to her French learning.
B．Collins has found out some effective ways of mastering French words.
C．Arabic or Mandarin Chinese is easier to learn than French for English speakers.
D．It’s terrifying for Collins to have French words in store for practical use.
（二十三）
（2023下·江苏南京·高一南京师大附中校考期中）“Leave her alone.” Hans Hubermann entered the fray (争吵). His gentle voice made its way in, as slipping through a crowd. “Leave her to me.” He moved closer and sat on the floor, against the wall. The floor was cold and unkind.
“You know how to roll a cigarette ” he asked her, and for the next hour or so, they sat in the rising pool of darkness, playing with the tobacco and the cigarette papers and Hans Hubermann smoking them.
When the hour was up, Liesel could roll a cigarette well. She still didn’t have a bath.
To most people, Hans Hubermann was barely visible. An un-special person. Certainly, his painting skills were excellent. His musical ability was better than average. Somehow, though, and I’m sure you’ve met people like this, he was able to appear as merely part of the background, even if he was standing at the front of a line. He was always just there. Not noticeable. Not important or particularly valuable.
The frustration of that appearance, as you can imagine, was completely misleading, let’s say. There definitely was value in him, and it did not go unnoticed by Liesel Meminger. (The human child — so much cleverer at times than the stupid adults.) She saw it immediately.
His manner.
The quiet air around him.
When he turned the light on in the small, humble washroom that night, Liesel observed the strangeness of her foster father’s (养父) eyes. They were made of kindness, and silver. Like soft silver, melting. Liesel, upon seeing those eyes, understood that Hans Hubermann was worth a lot.
When Liesel finally had a bath, after two weeks of living on Himmel Street, Rosa gave her an enormous tight hug. Nearly choking her, she said, “It’s about time!”
After a few months, they were no longer Mr and Mrs Hubermann. With a few typical words, Rosa said, “Now listen, Liesel — from now on you call me Mama.” She thought a moment. “What did you call your real mother ”
Liesel answered quietly. “Also Mama.”
83．What might be the cause of the fray before Hans interrupted it
A．Liesel refused to have a bath.
B．Liesel was annoyed by Rosa’s cooking.
C．Liesel wanted to learn how to roll a cigarette.
D．Liesel suffered from living with Hans and Rosa.
84．What did Liesel notice immediately when she met Hans
A．His musical ability. B．His painting skills.
C．His being invisible. D．His personal qualities.
85．Which of the following expressions best describe Liesel
A．Shy and thoughtful. B．Sensitive and clever.
C．Naughty and tough. D．Imaginative and easy-going.
86．What does the underlined sentence “After a few months, they were no longer Mr and Mrs Hubermann.”mean
A．Liesel started to call them Hanns and Rosa.
B．Liesel was sent back to her real parents.
C．Liesel adapted herself to the new family.
D．Liesel was used to Rosa’s strange manner.
（二十四）
（2023下·江苏泰州·高一姜堰中学校考期中）My neighbors across the street take pride in one of the most striking trees in the neighborhood—a towering oak that is over 75 years old. This year, after a wet, warm summer, leaves were a bit different in my Massachusetts town. And through some combination of events, that glorious oak seemed to have dropped all of its uncountable leaves on a single windy day. I arrived at home that afternoon to find our front walkway, driveway and sidewalk completely blanketed.
My son and I had a great time making a leaf pile for jumping and enjoying pillowy fun. The whole time, I was fascinated by the speed of this year’s leaf drop. Even though I was aware that it was an accident of wind patterns that left all the leaves in our yard, I kept looking up and feeling a rush of awe at the suddenly bare branches that watched quietly over our neighborhood, starting its restful season before setting spring leaf buds.
And I felt thankful for those fallen leaves as I was reminded of my favorite quote from the author and naturalist Hal Borland. He wrote it referencing October, but this year’s later drop had me change the month: “November is the fallen leaf, but it is also a wider horizon more clearly seen. It is the distant hills once more in sight, and the enduring constellations(星座) above them once again. ”
When I lay in that pile of dry, crisp leaves and looked up into the oak tree across the street, I felt a clarity and peace that comes along with the inconveniently early sunsets and chilly temperatures of the transition from fall into winter. I could still admire the tree as I had in spring and summer, but I could also see through it, beyond it, to the big sky that blankets us all.
87．What’s unusual this year
A．Outdoor activities are limited due to heavy winds.
B．A series of special events happened in the neighborhood.
C．The weather is especially cold in winter in Massachusetts.
D．The neighbors’ big tree almost dropped all its leaves within a day.
88．How does the author feel at the suddenly bare branches in Paragraph 2
A．Anxious. B．Sorrowful. C．Comfortable. D．Amazed.
89．Why are Hal Borland’s lines quoted in Paragraph 3
A．To express the author’s admiration for the naturalist.
B．To emphasize the importance of getting close to nature.
C．To express the author’s feelings about the leaf-falling season.
D．To emphasize the beauty of the author’s childhood memories.
90．
