题型01 细节理解题
近四年阅读理解细节理解题考点细目
年份 卷别 题号
2023 新高考I卷 21、23、24、26、28、33
2023 新高考II卷 21、22、23、24、25、27、29、32、35
2022 新高考I卷 22、25、26、27、32、33
2022 新高考II卷 21、22、23、25、26、27、29、34
2021 新高考I卷 21、22、23、24、26、27、28、32
2021 新高考Ⅱ卷 21、22、23、24、27、28、30、32、33、34
细节理解题解题思路
利用“跳读法”：带着问题找答案；无需通篇看全文；迅速定位与题目相关的信息；对比选项与原文进行信息加工比对；准确选定答案。 利用“顺藤摸瓜”：根据题干中的关键词“藤”，在原文寻找相同或近似的词“瓜”。这种方法一般适用于间接信息题和是非推断题。 利用“计算法”：适合数字计算题。先弄清问题再对比原文数字和单位，关注细节，精准计算。 利用“首尾定位法”：先找出最先发生的事和最后发生的事，迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速选出正确答案。这种方法主要适用于顺序排列题。
命题点01 直接信息题
【典例01】
【2023年全国乙卷A篇】
PRACTITIONERS
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian.
James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
【典例02】
（2023年新高考I卷A 篇）
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
3. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
命题点02 间接信息题
【典例01】
【2023年新高考I卷B篇】
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
【典例02】
【2023年全国甲卷B篇片段】
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
命题点03 数字计算题
【典例01】
【2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷A篇】
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programmes throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programmes this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Centre.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colours of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on programme to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
21.Which of the four programmes begins the earliest
A.Photography Workshops.
B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
【典例02】
【2023·江苏南通·高三如皋市搬经中学校联考期中】
Welcome to our stand-up comedy classes
This is the workshop where beginners have grown into headliners and headliners have grown into stars. Our workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the two key components of stand-up comedy.
Our classes are conducted by award-winning, comedy director and writer Stephen Rosenfield and his stand-up staff. They are conducted so that when it’s time for your club performance, you will have solidly written, funny material and you will be well rehearsed and ready to perform beyond your expectations. These stand-up comedy classes are offered to both beginners and advanced students. The workshop consists of group classes, private coaching sessions and a performance at Gotham or West Side Comedy Club.
Seats available: 2
Start date: May 17th
In-person show: May 20th at Gotham Comedy Club
Live streamed show: May 22nd on YouTube
Fees:
If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350.
We accept cash, checks or credit cards.
Your instructor: Becky Veduccio
Becky has been a professional comedian, writer and actress for over 15 years. She has performed stand-up comedy in New York, Los Angeles, Las Vegas and London. Besides, she has appeared in commercials, theater and feature films. And she competed in the 2018 season of America’s GotTalent.
Her film works include Return to Me, Maid in Manhattan and Random Hearts. As a writer, she was chosen as one of ’s top five “Favorite Mommy Bloggers” for her humorous articles on the website. In 2015, she won the New York Press Club Award for humorous writing. As an instructor, Becky has taught stand-up comedy to every age group — from elementary school kids and teenagers to university students and adults. She believes everyone has a comedic voice.
2. How much will a returning student save on the fee
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60. D. $80.
命题点04 顺序排列题
【典例01】
A schoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.
Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm's heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy's mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.
However, she quickly discovered her arms weren't strong enough, so she stamped on her father's chest instead.
Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived.
Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said, “I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn't strong enough to use hands. I was quite scared. The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”
“She's a little star，” said Debbie, “I was really upset but Izzy just took over. I just can't believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid. Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we've got to see an expert.”
Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, his blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
What's the right order of the events
①Izzy kicked Colm. ②Debbie called 999.
③Izzy learned CPR. ④Colm's heart stopped.
A．③①②④ B．④②③①
C．③④②① D．④③①②
【典例02】
【2023·湖北·高三华中师大一附中校考期中】
With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors.
DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated with certain traits or health conditions.
The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. Most companies offer several different types of tests that vary in cost and complexity. For instance, some tests just analyze your dog’s breed composition, while others can assess additional genetic markers associated with certain diseases or behaviors.
Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.
If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley.
10. What is the correct order of having an DNA test
①get the sample processed ②rub the swab gently ③receive the result
④select the type of test ⑤place the swab into the container ⑥mail the sample back to the lab
A. ④-②-⑤-⑥-①-③ B. ④ ⑤-①-②-⑥-③
C. ②-⑤-④-①-⑥-③ D. ②-④-⑤-⑥-①-③
1.（2023年江苏省苏北七市二模阅读理解）
Value for money
Yes. It’s not cheap but it’s a special experience that easily fills a day. Plus, it’s a valuable cause worth supporting. Adults ￡14, children 5-17 and students ￡6.50, under-4s free, family ￡38 (two adults and two children) or ￡25 (one adult and three children).
How much would a couple with their 5-year-old twin sons pay for admission
A．￡25. B．￡34.5. C．￡38. D．￡41.
2.（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）
Science is a process that builds upon existing theories and knowledge by continuously revising them. Every aspect of scientific knowledge can be questioned, including the general rules of thinking that appear to be most certain. So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today’s scientific description of the world
The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can’t diminish (降低) the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.
Consider a folk healer’s herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is “scientific” ...
13．What can we learn about today’s scientific description of the world
A．It can be timeless. B．It can be improved.
C．It is of little value. D．It is the best at any moment.
3.（福建省福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work What makes the populations of different species the way they are Why are there so many flies and so few wolves To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.
With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.
Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.
And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return.
11．What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs
A．The living habits of species in food webs.
B．The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.
C．The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.
D．The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.
12．A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________.
A．has a wide food choice
B．can easily find new prey
C．sticks to one prey species
D．can quickly move to another place
4.（安徽皖江名校联盟2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
Here are the books that often appear on high-school reading lists for 12th-grade students, and are often discussed in greater depth in college literature courses. The books on this list are important introductions to world literature.
The Seagull
By Anton Chekhov
Price: $40. 4
The book is a scene-of-life read set in the Russian countryside at the end of the 19th century. All characters are dissatisfied with their lives. Some want love. Some want success. No one, however, ever seems to get happiness. Some people view The Seagull as a tragic(悲剧的) play about always unhappy people. Others see it as a humorous and bitter book, making fun of humans’ foolishness.
Candide
By Voltaire
Price: $48. 6
Voltaire offers his view of society in Candide. The book was published in 1759, and it is often considered the author’s most important work. A simple-minded young man, Candide is sure his world is the best of all worlds, but a trip around the world opens his eyes about what he believes to be true.
Jane Eyre
By Charlotte Bronte
Price: $128. 6
Charlotte Bronte’s heroine was one of the first in English literature to serve as first-person narrator (讲述者)of her own life story. Jane finds love with a rich man, Rochester, but on her own terms, and only after he has proven himself worthy of her.
The Bluest Eye
By Toni Morrison
Price: $28. 6
Toni Morrison’s story of Pecola Breedlove, a young African American girl who dreams of having blue eyes— a sign of acceptance in a world ruled by white conceptions (概念) of beauty.
21．What is special about The Seagull
A．People’s ideas to it are quite different.
B．Characters in it are happy with their life.
C．All characters make their dream true finally.
D．It tells the life in America in the early 1960s.
22．What changes Candide’s idea about a wonderful world
A．A bad luck he meets in life. B．A book he read accidentally.
C．A journey around the world. D．A dream he makes at night.
23．Which would you choose if you want to read a girl dreaming of becoming beautiful
A．The Seagull. B．Candide. C．Jane Eyre. D．The Bluest Eye.
5.（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）
With an abundance of sun and wind, Spain is positioning itself as Europe’s future leader in green hydrogen production to clean up heavy industries. But some energy experts express caution because this process relies on massive availability of zero-carbon electricity.
Green hydrogen is created when renewable energy sources power an electrical current that runs through water, separating its hydrogen and oxygen molecules (分子). The process doesn’t produce planet-warming carbon dioxide, but less than 0.1% of global hydrogen production is currently created in this way.
The separated hydrogen can be used in the production of steel, ammonia (氨) and chemical products, all of which require industrial processes that are harder to stop fossil fuels. Hydrogen also can be used as a transportation fuel, which could one day transform the highly polluting shipping and aviation sectors.
Spain’s large, windswept and thinly populated territory receives more than 2,500 hours of sunshine on average per year, providing ideal conditions for wind and solar energy, and therefore green hydrogen production.
“If you look at where hydrogen is going to be produced in Europe in the next million years, it’s in two countries, Spain and Portugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the founder and president of HyDeal Ambition, an industry platform bringing together 30 companies. “Hydrogen is the new oil.”
......
24．Why are some experts cautious about green hydrogen production in Spain
A．It needs large amounts of sun and wind. B．It has an effect on heavy industries.
C．It causes conflicts among countries. D．It uses lots of zero-carbon electricity.
25．What is the advantage of green hydrogen production in Spain
A．Ideal geographical conditions. B．The support from government.
C．Hydrogen production technology. D．Well-developed public transports.
6.（江苏省南京市五校2023年高三联考试题）
A RCHAEOLOGISTS have recently made some stunning discoveries at the famed Sanxingdui Ruins site in Sichuan province.
A treasure trove of bronze, gold and jade wares have been uncovered from the site’s six pits. At least 10 of the bronze wares in the trove have never been seen in the history of human civilization.
Researchers described a bronze box with a piece of green jade ware inside of it as the highlight of the 10 relics. The top and bottom of the vessel are covered with turtle shell-shaped lids, each of which resembles a net. And the sides of the box are decorated with dragon head-shaped handles and a few bronze streamers (饰带).
“It would not be an exaggeration to say that the vessel is one of a kind, given its distinctive shape, fine craftsmanship and clever design,” said Professor Li Haichao at Sichuan University. “Although we do not know what this vessel was used for, we can assume that ancient people treasured it.”
Another new find from the past was a bronze altar nearly 0.9 meters tall, upon which researchers believe the people of the Shu civilization made offerings to heaven, earth and their ancestors.
......
8．Which of the following vessels is the most impressive
A．A bronze box. B．A jade ware.
C．A bronze streamer. D．A green zun.
9．What may the bronze altar be used for
A．Offering heaven and earth. B．Honoring their ancestors.
C．Putting sacrificial offerings. D．Showcasing Shu civilization.题型01 细节理解题
近四年阅读理解细节理解题考点细目
年份 卷别 题号
2023 新高考I卷 21、23、24、26、28、33
2023 新高考II卷 21、22、23、24、25、27、29、32、35
2022 新高考I卷 22、25、26、27、32、33
2022 新高考II卷 21、22、23、25、26、27、29、34
2021 新高考I卷 21、22、23、24、26、27、28、32
2021 新高考Ⅱ卷 21、22、23、24、27、28、30、32、33、34
细节理解题解题思路
利用“跳读法”：带着问题找答案；无需通篇看全文；迅速定位与题目相关的信息；对比选项与原文进行信息加工比对；准确选定答案。 利用“顺藤摸瓜”：根据题干中的关键词“藤”，在原文寻找相同或近似的词“瓜”。这种方法一般适用于间接信息题和是非推断题。 利用“计算法”：适合数字计算题。先弄清问题再对比原文数字和单位，关注细节，精准计算。 利用“首尾定位法”：先找出最先发生的事和最后发生的事，迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速选出正确答案。这种方法主要适用于顺序排列题。
命题点01 直接信息题
【典例01】
【2023年全国乙卷A篇】
PRACTITIONERS
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian.
James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
【答案】D
【解析】 运用“跳读法”，就可以迅速在文章最后一个人物介绍的第二句原词出现the first African American woman，可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一个拥有医学学位的非裔美国人。
【典例02】
（2023年新高考I卷A 篇）
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
3. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
【答案】 D
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”，结合“计算法”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
命题点02 间接信息题
【典例01】
【2023年新高考I卷B篇】
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
【答案】 C
【解析】细节理解题。“顺藤摸瓜”，对原文多处信息整合。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【典例02】
【2023年全国甲卷B篇片段】
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
【答案】 A
【解析】根据本段最后一句“ “So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. ”可知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。
命题点03 数字计算题
【典例01】
【2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷A篇】
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programmes throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programmes this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Centre.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colours of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on programme to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
21.Which of the four programmes begins the earliest
A.Photography Workshops.
B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
【答案】D
【解析】根据各个活动的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)”、“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)”、“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)”及“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)”，利用“计算法”可知，答案为D。
【典例02】
【2023·江苏南通·高三如皋市搬经中学校联考期中】
Welcome to our stand-up comedy classes
This is the workshop where beginners have grown into headliners and headliners have grown into stars. Our workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the two key components of stand-up comedy.
Our classes are conducted by award-winning, comedy director and writer Stephen Rosenfield and his stand-up staff. They are conducted so that when it’s time for your club performance, you will have solidly written, funny material and you will be well rehearsed and ready to perform beyond your expectations. These stand-up comedy classes are offered to both beginners and advanced students. The workshop consists of group classes, private coaching sessions and a performance at Gotham or West Side Comedy Club.
Seats available: 2
Start date: May 17th
In-person show: May 20th at Gotham Comedy Club
Live streamed show: May 22nd on YouTube
Fees:
If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350.
We accept cash, checks or credit cards.
Your instructor: Becky Veduccio
Becky has been a professional comedian, writer and actress for over 15 years. She has performed stand-up comedy in New York, Los Angeles, Las Vegas and London. Besides, she has appeared in commercials, theater and feature films. And she competed in the 2018 season of America’s GotTalent.
Her film works include Return to Me, Maid in Manhattan and Random Hearts. As a writer, she was chosen as one of ’s top five “Favorite Mommy Bloggers” for her humorous articles on the website. In 2015, she won the New York Press Club Award for humorous writing. As an instructor, Becky has taught stand-up comedy to every age group — from elementary school kids and teenagers to university students and adults. She believes everyone has a comedic voice.
2. How much will a returning student save on the fee
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60. D. $80.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Fees部分中“If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350. (如果你是新生：410美元。如果你是老生：350美元。)”可知，老生可以节省60美元的学费。故选C项。
命题点04 顺序排列题
【典例01】
A schoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.
Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm's heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy's mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.
However, she quickly discovered her arms weren't strong enough, so she stamped on her father's chest instead.
Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived.
Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said, “I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn't strong enough to use hands. I was quite scared. The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”
“She's a little star，” said Debbie, “I was really upset but Izzy just took over. I just can't believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid. Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we've got to see an expert.”
Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, his blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
What's the right order of the events
①Izzy kicked Colm. ②Debbie called 999.
③Izzy learned CPR. ④Colm's heart stopped.
A．③①②④ B．④②③①
C．③④②① D．④③①②
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。通过速读原文可知，第一件事是Colm's heart stopped，而最后一件事是Izzy kicked Colm，故选B。
【典例02】
【2023·湖北·高三华中师大一附中校考期中】
With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors.
DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated with certain traits or health conditions.
The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. Most companies offer several different types of tests that vary in cost and complexity. For instance, some tests just analyze your dog’s breed composition, while others can assess additional genetic markers associated with certain diseases or behaviors.
Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.
If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley.
10. What is the correct order of having an DNA test
①get the sample processed ②rub the swab gently ③receive the result
④select the type of test ⑤place the swab into the container ⑥mail the sample back to the lab
A. ④-②-⑤-⑥-①-③ B. ④ ⑤-①-②-⑥-③
C. ②-⑤-④-①-⑥-③ D. ②-④-⑤-⑥-①-③
【答案】B
【解析】顺序排列题。根据第三段“The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. (获得DNA检测试剂盒的第一步是选择你想要的类型。)”和第四段“Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.(然后是时候使用大多数试剂盒中提供的拭子试剂盒或唾液采集管采集你的狗的样本了。在将拭子放入公司提供的收集容器之前，应根据试剂盒的指示在宠物的脸颊内轻轻擦拭。采集样本后，应根据提供服务的公司的指示将样本邮寄回实验室进行处理。一旦实验室收到结果，通常需要1-2周的时间来处理并通过电子邮件或邮件发回。根据购买的测试类型，结果会有所不同，但通常包括有关宠物品种组成的详细信息，以及任何潜在的健康风险或与其基因相关的行为特征，这些信息可能会影响宠物的整体健康和生活质量。)”可知，做DNA检测的顺序应该是：④选择测试类型，②轻轻擦拭拭子，⑤将拭子放入容器，⑥将样本邮寄回实验室，①处理样本，③接收结果。故选A。
1.（2023年江苏省苏北七市二模阅读理解A篇）
Value for money
Yes. It’s not cheap but it’s a special experience that easily fills a day. Plus, it’s a valuable cause worth supporting. Adults ￡14, children 5-17 and students ￡6.50, under-4s free, family ￡38 (two adults and two children) or ￡25 (one adult and three children).
How much would a couple with their 5-year-old twin sons pay for admission
A．￡25. B．￡34.5. C．￡38. D．￡41.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Value for money 部分中“family ￡38 (two adults and two children) or ￡25 (one adult and three children). (家庭 38英镑(两名成人和两名儿童)或25英镑(一名成人和三名儿童))”可知，一对夫妇和他们两个5岁的双胞胎儿子的门票是38英镑。故选C项。
2.（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）
Science is a process that builds upon existing theories and knowledge by continuously revising them. Every aspect of scientific knowledge can be questioned, including the general rules of thinking that appear to be most certain. So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today’s scientific description of the world
The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can’t diminish (降低) the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.
Consider a folk healer’s herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is “scientific” ...
13．What can we learn about today’s scientific description of the world
A．It can be timeless. B．It can be improved.
C．It is of little value. D．It is the best at any moment.
【答案】13．B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了尽管科学总是在变化，但是它还是值得信赖的原因。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can’t diminish (降低) the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.(答案很简单：因为在我们历史的任何时刻，这种对世界的描述都是我们拥有的最好的描述。它可以变得更好这一事实不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具这一事实)”可知，今天对世界的科学描述还可以改进。故选B。
3.（福建省福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work What makes the populations of different species the way they are Why are there so many flies and so few wolves To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.
With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.
Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.
And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return.
11．What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs
A．The living habits of species in food webs.
B．The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.
C．The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.
D．The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.
12．A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________.
A．has a wide food choice
B．can easily find new prey
C．sticks to one prey species
D．can quickly move to another place
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些食物网运行的关键原则。科学家们说一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们很难再回来。科学家们已经建立了一个基于数学模型的预警系统，该系统将会发出信号告诉我们人类活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，允许我们采取措施将生态系统从边缘拉回来。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段中With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.可知，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了食物网中的一些关键原则。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked.可知，当捕食者总是吃大量的单一猎物，这两个物种是紧密相连的。故选C。
4.（安徽皖江名校联盟2023-2024学年高三10月试题）
Here are the books that often appear on high-school reading lists for 12th-grade students, and are often discussed in greater depth in college literature courses. The books on this list are important introductions to world literature.
The Seagull
By Anton Chekhov
Price: $40. 4
The book is a scene-of-life read set in the Russian countryside at the end of the 19th century. All characters are dissatisfied with their lives. Some want love. Some want success. No one, however, ever seems to get happiness. Some people view The Seagull as a tragic(悲剧的) play about always unhappy people. Others see it as a humorous and bitter book, making fun of humans’ foolishness.
Candide
By Voltaire
Price: $48. 6
Voltaire offers his view of society in Candide. The book was published in 1759, and it is often considered the author’s most important work. A simple-minded young man, Candide is sure his world is the best of all worlds, but a trip around the world opens his eyes about what he believes to be true.
Jane Eyre
By Charlotte Bronte
Price: $128. 6
Charlotte Bronte’s heroine was one of the first in English literature to serve as first-person narrator (讲述者)of her own life story. Jane finds love with a rich man, Rochester, but on her own terms, and only after he has proven himself worthy of her.
The Bluest Eye
By Toni Morrison
Price: $28. 6
Toni Morrison’s story of Pecola Breedlove, a young African American girl who dreams of having blue eyes— a sign of acceptance in a world ruled by white conceptions (概念) of beauty.
21．What is special about The Seagull
A．People’s ideas to it are quite different.
B．Characters in it are happy with their life.
C．All characters make their dream true finally.
D．It tells the life in America in the early 1960s.
22．What changes Candide’s idea about a wonderful world
A．A bad luck he meets in life. B．A book he read accidentally.
C．A journey around the world. D．A dream he makes at night.
23．Which would you choose if you want to read a girl dreaming of becoming beautiful
A．The Seagull. B．Candide. C．Jane Eyre. D．The Bluest Eye.
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。全文讲述了适合高中生阅读的四本书。
21．细节理解题。从The Seagull中“Some people view The Seagull as a tragic(悲剧的) play about always unhappy people. Others see it as a humorous and bitter book, making fun of humans’ foolishness.(有些人认为《海鸥》是一部关于总是不快乐的人的悲剧的剧。其他人则认为这是一本幽默而苦涩的书，取笑人类的愚蠢。)”可知，人们对《海鸥》的看法大不相同。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。从Candide中“A simple-minded young man, Candide is sure his world is the best of all worlds, but a trip around the world opens his eyes about what he believes to be true.(Candide是一个头脑简单的年轻人，他确信自己的世界是世界上最好的，但环游世界让他看到了他所相信的真实。)”可知，是一次环球旅行让Candide改变了对完美世界的看法。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。从The Bluest Eye中“Toni Morrison’s story of Pecola Breedlove, a young African American girl who dreams of having blue eyes— a sign of acceptance in a world ruled by white conceptions (概念) of beauty.(托尼·莫里森（Toni Morrison）讲述了佩科拉·布雷德洛夫（Pecola Breedlove）的故事，她是一个年轻的非裔美国女孩，梦想拥有一双蓝色的眼睛——这是在一个由白人美丽观念统治的世界中被接受的标志。)”可知，这是一本关于一个女孩想把眼睛变成白人认为最美的蓝色的故事。故选D项。
5.（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）
With an abundance of sun and wind, Spain is positioning itself as Europe’s future leader in green hydrogen production to clean up heavy industries. But some energy experts express caution because this process relies on massive availability of zero-carbon electricity.
Green hydrogen is created when renewable energy sources power an electrical current that runs through water, separating its hydrogen and oxygen molecules (分子). The process doesn’t produce planet-warming carbon dioxide, but less than 0.1% of global hydrogen production is currently created in this way.
The separated hydrogen can be used in the production of steel, ammonia (氨) and chemical products, all of which require industrial processes that are harder to stop fossil fuels. Hydrogen also can be used as a transportation fuel, which could one day transform the highly polluting shipping and aviation sectors.
Spain’s large, windswept and thinly populated territory receives more than 2,500 hours of sunshine on average per year, providing ideal conditions for wind and solar energy, and therefore green hydrogen production.
“If you look at where hydrogen is going to be produced in Europe in the next million years, it’s in two countries, Spain and Portugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the founder and president of HyDeal Ambition, an industry platform bringing together 30 companies. “Hydrogen is the new oil.”
......
24．Why are some experts cautious about green hydrogen production in Spain
A．It needs large amounts of sun and wind. B．It has an effect on heavy industries.
C．It causes conflicts among countries. D．It uses lots of zero-carbon electricity.
25．What is the advantage of green hydrogen production in Spain
A．Ideal geographical conditions. B．The support from government.
C．Hydrogen production technology. D．Well-developed public transports.
【答案】24．D 25．A
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了凭借充足的阳光和风，西班牙将成为欧洲绿色氢生产的未来领导者。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“But some energy experts express caution because this process relies on massive availability of zero-carbon electricity.(但一些能源专家表示谨慎，因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性)”可知，一些能源专家表示谨慎是因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“Spain’s large, windswept and thinly populated territory receives more than 2,500 hours of sunshine on average per year, providing ideal conditions for wind and solar energy, and therefore green hydrogen production.(西班牙面积大，多风，人口稀少，每年平均日照超过2500小时，为风能和太阳能提供了理想的条件，因此也为绿色氢生产提供了理想的条件)”可知，西班牙绿色氢生产的一大优势就是其优越的地理条件。故选A。
6.（江苏省南京市五校2023年高三联考试题）
A RCHAEOLOGISTS have recently made some stunning discoveries at the famed Sanxingdui Ruins site in Sichuan province.
A treasure trove of bronze, gold and jade wares have been uncovered from the site’s six pits. At least 10 of the bronze wares in the trove have never been seen in the history of human civilization.
Researchers described a bronze box with a piece of green jade ware inside of it as the highlight of the 10 relics. The top and bottom of the vessel are covered with turtle shell-shaped lids, each of which resembles a net. And the sides of the box are decorated with dragon head-shaped handles and a few bronze streamers (饰带).
“It would not be an exaggeration to say that the vessel is one of a kind, given its distinctive shape, fine craftsmanship and clever design,” said Professor Li Haichao at Sichuan University. “Although we do not know what this vessel was used for, we can assume that ancient people treasured it.”
Another new find from the past was a bronze altar nearly 0.9 meters tall, upon which researchers believe the people of the Shu civilization made offerings to heaven, earth and their ancestors.
......
8．Which of the following vessels is the most impressive
A．A bronze box. B．A jade ware.
C．A bronze streamer. D．A green zun.
9．What may the bronze altar be used for
A．Offering heaven and earth. B．Honoring their ancestors.
C．Putting sacrificial offerings. D．Showcasing Shu civilization.
【答案】8．A 9．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是最近考古学家在三星堆遗址的一些惊人的发现。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Researchers described a bronze box with a piece of green jade ware inside of it as the highlight of the 10 relics. (研究人员称，10件文物中最引人注目的是一个青铜盒子，里面装有一块青玉。)”可知，研究人员称，在10件文物中最引人注目的是一个青铜盒子。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Another new find from the past was a bronze altar nearly 0.9 meters tall, upon which researchers believe the people of the Shu civilization made offerings to heaven, earth and their ancestors. (另一个来自过去的新发现是一个近0.9米高的青铜祭坛，研究人员认为，在这个祭坛上，蜀国文明的人们向天、地和他们的祖先献祭。)”可知，研究人员认为，在这个祭坛上，蜀时期的人们向天、地和祖先献祭，由此可以推测，青铜祭坛用于放置祭品的。故选C项。
