2024届高三英语二轮复习英语长难句讲解课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
长难句
分析
找主谓
1.找谓语，定主语一般情况下，一个谓语动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。当然句子里也可能会有并列谓语，由and, but, or等连接。2. 提主干、去枝叶（即去掉三长两短一平行）：不管多长的句子，都是由非常简单的主干成分+修饰成分组合而成
Yan earned her Ph. D at Princeton in 2004 _________returned in 2017.
修饰
1）三长：介词短语（prep+n）、非谓语(to do sth,doing sth,done sth)、从句(连词+句子)2）两短：形容词、副词3）一平行：平行并列结构（含并列连词如and, but, or, so等）
三长
（1）介词短语：从介词开始到介词之后的第一个名词 例：(at home), (in the school), (in the beautiful park)（2）从句：从关系词开始，到以下四种情况终止：（画出以下的从句和介词短语）①到句尾终止 例：Tom is a student who works extremely hard.②到句中逗号为止 例：When I was young, I listened to the radio.③到下一个修饰成分为止例：I will invite Yao Ming who was a top basketball player to Beijing ④到下一个谓语动词终止例：Yao Min who was a top basketball player is studying in Shanghai.
三长
（3）非谓语动词：找出以下句子的非谓短语
①Tom is a student studying hard.
②To improve my English, I often listen to English radio.
--I often listen to English radio to improve my English.
③Jack walked into the hall, waving to the audience.
④We, singing a happy song, runs to school.
两短
（1）形容词（修饰名词的单词）位置：名词前 a (beautiful) city
不定代词之后 something (interesting)
（2）副词（修饰形容词、动词、句子的单词） ly结尾
平行：并列结构 A... and B...
（1）方法：先找B，再找A（2）原因：A,B中心词后常常有修饰成分（A离and很远，不好找，B很近），找到B后，再根据结构一致，含义结构相同找A（3）练习：找出以下句子的并列成分①I like the box placed on the desk and the flowers in your hand.②Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and knowledgable English teacher.
找介短
Chinese structural biologist Yan Ning announced on November 1st 2022 that she would resign from Princeton University in the US and join in the establishment of Shenzhen Medical Academy.
找非谓
“In the near future,I will return to China full-time to assist in establishing a new research and
development institution in Shenzhen called SMART, integrating several functions including
scientific research, transformation, education and financial support,
找从句
The good news for those who don't have breakfast is that putting on weight isn't inevitable.
找并列
My mom asked her to sit down, hurried inside came back swiftly with some food and drink and
offered them to the vendor.
归纳
1.主干部分（五大基本句型）: ___________, ___________, __________, ___________, __________________
2.枝叶部分（次要修饰成分）：_____________, ___________,______________ ， ____________，____________
3.平行并列结构: A and/ but / or B; A, B, and/ but / or 等
结论：理解长难句=抓主干+找“三长一并列”
主谓
主谓宾
主系表
主谓双宾
主谓宾宾补
介词短语
非谓
从句
形容词
副词
实战
★一划: 找主干，给主谓(宾/表/宾补…)分别划______。注意并列结构。1.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes.(2022年全国甲卷B篇)
tips:可以先找主句谓语，再判断主语
实战
2.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles(拼图)between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial(空间的) skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
(2020全国Ⅱ卷·B篇)
tips:可以先找谓语，再判断主语
实战
★二括：给修饰成分，即介短, 非谓语和从句加( )。
2. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime.(2020全国Ⅰ卷· D篇)
实战
★三会意：抓主题,懂大意,隐含信息要注意。
4.The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. (2018年全国Ⅰ卷D篇)
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
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练习
三：练习：用“___”划出以下句子的主干(基本句型)，用括号括出枝干成分（三长两短），标出并列连词，并翻译成中文。
1. Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it.（2022年新I卷B篇）
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.（2022年新I卷C篇）
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. （2022年新I卷七选五）
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leading behind precious natural assets for future generations.（2022年新I卷）
______________________________________________
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