人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures课件（共15张ppt）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures课件（共15张ppt） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 123.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-14 21:27:04 | ||
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(共15张PPT)
一.什么是非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词。
主要包括不定式、动名词、和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分
The risen sun attracted a lot of visitors.
The rising sun attracted a lot of visitors.
To see the sun rises is enjoyable.
Watching movies is enjoybale.
二.什么是过去分词
非谓语动词之一，一般表示完成和被动的动作。
规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加-ed构成；
不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。
一般在句子中做定语 宾语补足语 表语和状语。
go-went-gone
begin-began-begun
catch-caught-caught
cost-cost-cost
decide-decided-decided
puzzle-puzzled-puzzled
surround-surrounded-surrounded
battle-battled-battled
感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题
1.Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”
2. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well asshare the same currency and military defence.
句1和句2中的加黑词汇在句中作定语。在句1中为 定语，在句2中为 定语。
前置
后置
三、过去分词作定语
1.意义:及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成（及物动词）
Many used cars are on sale now, and you can go to find a good one
很多二手车现在正在甩卖，你可以去找一辆好车
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动（不及物动词）
The ground is covered with the fallen leaves in autumn.
秋天，地上覆盖着落叶。
The risen sun offers light and heat necessary for life on the earth.
升起的太阳为地球上的生命提供了必需的光和热。
2.位置:单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
= The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。
四.过去分词做定语的规则
动词形式 定语含义 定语位置 与定语从句等价交换
单个动词 及物动词 （vt） 完成/被动 前置 无逗号:转换为限制性定语从句
完成 不及物动词 （vi） 动词短语 完成/被动 后置 有逗号:转换为非限制性定语从句
The risen sun is beautiful
The eaten cake is delicious.
The sun which has risen is beautiful
The cake which has been eaten is delicious.
I swept fallen leaves.
l swept leaves that has fallen.
The book, written by Mary,is intcresting.
The book, which was written by Mary, is interesting.
五. 过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别
(1)语态不同:现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
The question discussed was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要
(2)时间关系上不同:现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已经完成。
the changing world 变化着的世界
the changed world 改变了的世界
boiling water 沸腾的水
boiled water 开水
developing countries 发展中国家
developed countries 发达国家
六、过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别:
语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
意义
形式
The building built last year is our classroom building
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼
The building to be built next month is our classroom building
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
七、过去分词做宾语补足语的规则
及物动词+宾语+宾补 结构，过去分词做宾补，与宾语形成被动关系
1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词：feel, find, think, hear, smell, notice, see, observe, watch
I saw an elephant shot by a hunter.
When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
2.使役动词:get, have, make, keep, leave, let等;
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔(让安检员)对她的行李进行了安检。
(1)“have/get+宾语+过去分词”表示使.....被做
He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得很晚，没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室
3.表示愿望或命令的词:wish,want,would like,expect, order
Tom wants his son taught English.
4..过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系
With the work finished, she went to the park.
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished he gladly accepted it.
一.什么是非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词。
主要包括不定式、动名词、和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分
The risen sun attracted a lot of visitors.
The rising sun attracted a lot of visitors.
To see the sun rises is enjoyable.
Watching movies is enjoybale.
二.什么是过去分词
非谓语动词之一，一般表示完成和被动的动作。
规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加-ed构成；
不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。
一般在句子中做定语 宾语补足语 表语和状语。
go-went-gone
begin-began-begun
catch-caught-caught
cost-cost-cost
decide-decided-decided
puzzle-puzzled-puzzled
surround-surrounded-surrounded
battle-battled-battled
感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题
1.Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”
2. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well asshare the same currency and military defence.
句1和句2中的加黑词汇在句中作定语。在句1中为 定语，在句2中为 定语。
前置
后置
三、过去分词作定语
1.意义:及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成（及物动词）
Many used cars are on sale now, and you can go to find a good one
很多二手车现在正在甩卖，你可以去找一辆好车
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动（不及物动词）
The ground is covered with the fallen leaves in autumn.
秋天，地上覆盖着落叶。
The risen sun offers light and heat necessary for life on the earth.
升起的太阳为地球上的生命提供了必需的光和热。
2.位置:单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
= The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。
四.过去分词做定语的规则
动词形式 定语含义 定语位置 与定语从句等价交换
单个动词 及物动词 （vt） 完成/被动 前置 无逗号:转换为限制性定语从句
完成 不及物动词 （vi） 动词短语 完成/被动 后置 有逗号:转换为非限制性定语从句
The risen sun is beautiful
The eaten cake is delicious.
The sun which has risen is beautiful
The cake which has been eaten is delicious.
I swept fallen leaves.
l swept leaves that has fallen.
The book, written by Mary,is intcresting.
The book, which was written by Mary, is interesting.
五. 过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别
(1)语态不同:现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
The question discussed was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要
(2)时间关系上不同:现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已经完成。
the changing world 变化着的世界
the changed world 改变了的世界
boiling water 沸腾的水
boiled water 开水
developing countries 发展中国家
developed countries 发达国家
六、过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别:
语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
意义
形式
The building built last year is our classroom building
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼
The building to be built next month is our classroom building
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
七、过去分词做宾语补足语的规则
及物动词+宾语+宾补 结构，过去分词做宾补，与宾语形成被动关系
1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词：feel, find, think, hear, smell, notice, see, observe, watch
I saw an elephant shot by a hunter.
When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
2.使役动词:get, have, make, keep, leave, let等;
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔(让安检员)对她的行李进行了安检。
(1)“have/get+宾语+过去分词”表示使.....被做
He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得很晚，没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室
3.表示愿望或命令的词:wish,want,would like,expect, order
Tom wants his son taught English.
4..过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系
With the work finished, she went to the park.
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished he gladly accepted it.