机密★启用前
2023-2024学年度第一学期高二期末测试
英语试题
本试卷共9页。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Top Scientific Breakthroughs in 2023
The pace of innovation never slows, and the impact of the breakthroughs will redefine the way we live, work and connect with the world.
A New Era for Space Exploration
Space exploration is one of the core missions in many countries. Recently, the newest mission to the moon was launched as NASA’s Artemis Program, which would pave the way for a future mission to Mars. This new era of space exploration will drive technological advancements in fields beyond astronautics and stimulate progress in real-world applications like materials, food science, and modern industry.
A Milestone in AI Predictions
For decades, the scientific community has chased a greater understanding of relationships between protein functions and 3D structures. In July 2023, Deep Mind revealed that the folded 3D structure of a protein molecule (分子), which reduced the number of human proteins with unknown structural data from 4,800 to just 29. While there will always be challenges with AI, the ability to predict protein structures in biology has implications across all life sciences.
Greener Fertilizer Production
Every year, billions of people depend on fertilizers for the ongoing production of food, and reducing the carbon footprint and expenses in fertilizer production would reshape the impact agriculture has on emissions. To reduce energy requirements, researchers from Tokyo Tech have developed a noble-metal-free catalyst (催化剂), which is much more environmentally friendly and safer to the agricultural produces.
Supercomputer—Exascale
Exascale computers, which can perform a mind-boggling quintillion (1018) mathematical operations per second, finally arrived in 2023. They’ve already helped refine weather forecasts and design new materials, and new ones will be coming online soon. The world’s most powerful supercomputers, operating at the far frontier of speed known as the exascale, have now begun to boom. These results from exascale machines coming online in the next few years promise to open a new window into materials, climate science, and medicine.
To stay ahead of emerging trends new discoveries and unique perspectives, we invite you to subscribe to CAS Insights!
1. What do the Space Exploration and Fertilizer Production have in common
A. They take a lot of time. B. They make influence on the food.
C They need government cooperation. D. They cost a big sum of money to maintain.
2. Which aspect has a close connection with biology
A. A New Era for Space Exploration. B. A Milestone in AI Predictions.
C. Greener Fertilizer Production. D. Supercomputers—Exascale.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A magazine. D. A science fiction.
B
Once a rich and clever boy had practically everything a boy could want, so he was not interested in most toys. Because he couldn’t get a very old mirror, he convinced his parents to buy it from a mysterious old man. When the mirror arrived home, the boy went to see his reflection in it. His face looked very sad indeed. He tried smiling and making funny faces, but his reflection continued with its sad expression. “What a terrible mirror! It’s the first time I’ve seen a mirror that didn’t work properly!” the boy jumped violently.
That same afternoon he went into the street to play and bought a few toys, but on his way to the park he saw a little girl who was crying her heart out. The girl was crying so much and looked so lonely that the rich boy went over to help her and to see what had happened. The little girl told him that she had lost her parents.
Together the two set off in search of the girl’s parents. As the little girl wouldn’t stop crying, the boy spent his money buying her sweets to cheer her up. Finally, after much walking, they found her parents who were much worried and were looking for her everywhere.
The rich boy said goodbye to them. As it was getting late, he decided to head for home, without being able to play. At home, he went to his room, and noticed a shining light in the corner, the same corner he had left the mirror in. Seeing this, he went over to the mirror, and realized that the light was coming from his own body, so radiant (闪亮的) with happiness he had become.
And so he understood the mystery of that mirror, the only mirror which could faithfully reflect the true joy of its owner. He realized it was true. He felt very happy at having helped that little girl. And since then, each morning when he looked in that mirror and failed to see a special shine, he knew what he had to do to bring it back.
4. How did the boy feel when he first looked into the mirror
A. Embarrassed.
B. Angry.
C. Worried.
D. Satisfied.
5. Why was the little girl crying so hard
A. She couldn’t find her parents.
B. She couldn’t get the mysterious mirror.
C. Her parents couldn’t buy toys for her.
D. The boy refused to give his toys to her.
6. What could the boy see in the mirror after he went back from the park
A. A shining toy.
B. A broken mirror.
C. A radiant light.
D. The lovely girl.
7. What is the purpose of this text
A. To tell us a horrible story.
B. To introduce to us a strange mirror.
C To warn us not to be selfish.
D. To encourage us to help others.
C
As a result of trade, travel and migration, different cuisines have spread across the world. Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic (正宗的). But is this a good thing
People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity, particularly for migrant communities. Sociologist and professor of food studies, Krishnendu Ray, explains that home cooking is often the last way that communities can show their identity. British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver was accused of trying to take advantage of positive feelings about Jamaica. His ready meal product had a Jamaican name, but was unlike real Jamaican cooking.
However, food consultant Sara Kay asks whether there are problems with the idea of authenticity. She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting—restauranteurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries—China, India, Italy, Mexico and more—these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries. Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food.
A more controversial view of authenticity was stated by American Chef Andrew Zimmern, who claimed that he could bring in Chinese dishes in a more authentic way than existing restaurants—many of which are owned by Chinese-Americans. Writer and food podcaster Ruth Tam points out that while these restaurants altered their menus to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern. So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity
8. Which of the following factors causes people to care about authenticity
A. Position. B. Decoration. C. Taste. D. Price.
9. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. Eateries in different countries contribute to the authentic problem.
B. Expectation about authenticity may cause problems.
C. Asian food is cheaper than European food.
D. You can enjoy the traditional taste of Mexican food both in Mexico and America.
10. Which statement might Stephanie Elizondo Greist agree with
A. There can be only one authentic taste in a country.
B. What she eats in Texas means nothing to her.
C. The regional specialities should be the same in a country.
D. Every person can have his or her own recognition of authenticity.
11. In which column of the newspaper can we probably read the passage
A. Food & Culture B. Science & Technology
C. Sports & Health D. Literature & Art
D
When Millet was a boy he worked on his needy father’s farm. At the rest hour in the fields the other workers would all take naps, but young Millet would spend time drawing. Finally, the village where he lived gave him a little money to Paris to study art.
When Millet reached Paris, he had a tough time. Fortunately, when he was almost starving, someone bought one of his peasant paintings, which enabled his family to leave for Barbizon.
Millet’s pictures of peasants at work were painted in a unique way. The painter would go out on the farms and watch them carefully — digging, hoeing, spreading manure, sawing wood, or sowing grain. Then he would come home and paint what he had seen. So astonishingly accurate was his memory that he could paint at home without models and get all the movements of his figures right. When he did need a figure to go by, he would ask his wife to pose for him.
One of his noted artworks is called “The Sower”, which shows a man seeding. He reaches into his bag for seed and then swings backward to scatter the seed, and with each swing of his hand the sower strides forward. In Millet’s picture the sower has been working hard, but his swinging step and arm still move smoothly, like a machine. Only the man’s head reveals his great tiredness.
Another masterpiece is called “The Gleaners”. A gleaner is someone picking up the leftover in the field after the wheat harvest. When farmers near Barbizon are extremely badly-off, even the little the gleaners can find is a help. You can see from Millet’s picture what back-breaking work gleaning must be.
12. What do we know about Millet
A. His wife supported him to be a painter. B. He was keen on painting as a kid.
C. He spent his whole life in Barbizon. D. He was brought up in Paris.
13. How did he paint the laboring farmers
A. Asking models for help. B. Imagining figures in the field.
C. Remembering what he had observed D. Recalling the days on his father’s farm.
14. What do Millet’s works convey
A. The farmers’ hardships. B. The scene of farming.
C. His love for the village. D. His anxiety about the farmers.
15. Which is the text most likely to be taken from
A. A short-story collection B. A personal diary
C. A magazine of art D. A science magazine
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Do Lobsters (龙虾) Feel Pain
The traditional method for cooking a lobster— boiling it alive— raises the question of whether or not lobsters feel pain. ____16____ Lobsters go bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lobster increases the risk of illness and reduces the quality of its flavor. However, if lobsters are capable of feeling pain, the method and others, such as storing the live lobster on ice, raise moral questions for chefs and lobster eaters alike.
____17____ Lobsters have a peripheral system like humans, but instead of a single brain, they possess nerve cluster (神经簇). Because of this difference, some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standard for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, learn to avoid dangerous situations, respond to anesthetics, and are believed to possess some level of consciousness. ____18____
There is growing evidence that lobsters may feel pain. ____19____ Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland, New Zealand, and the Italian city Reggio Emilia.
The most human e tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes a lobster, making it unconscious in less than half a second or killing it in 5 to 10 seconds. And then, it can be cut apart or boiled.
Unfortunately, the CrustaStun is too expensive for most restaurants and people to afford. Some restaurants place a lobster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer for a couple of hours, during which time it loses consciousness and dies. ____20____ But it is probably the most human e option for killing a lobster before cooking and eating it.
A. This solution is not ideal.
B. So it is now becoming illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice.
C. Lobsters are popular food in many countries.
D. So most scientists believe that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.
E. Scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters feel pain.
F. Many restaurants choose more human e methods to cook it.
G. This cooking way is used to improve humans’ dining experience.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was getting more excited as we got off the train at beautiful Grand Central Station. After tour at the Museum of Modern Art, we ___21___ Radio City Music Hall and the Christmas tree at Rockefeller Center. In one of the ___22___ in the area, I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books, perfect for my ___23___. Was there anything like Christmas in New York Having experienced an exciting and tiring tour, we called a ___24___ back to Grand Central Station.
On the way home I realized that my handbag was gone -- lost or ___25___. I had no idea. All the magic of this special day ___26___. I glumly (闷闷不乐地) pictured a jam-packed Department of Motor Vehicles and all the phone calls that I’d have to make to get my ___27___ cards replaced with new ones. And I’d never ___28___ all those precious photos of my daughters.
The days slipped by while I got rides to college and ___29___ going to the DMV (车管所) at such a busy time of year. Then I got an unexpected ____30____, a box with the return address of Radio City Music Hall. ____31____, I opened it and shouted in a joyful ____32____.
There was my old handbag, with everything ____33____ good inside — license, cards and photos — and one thing that hadn’t been there ____34____, a handwritten note, saying, “I found this handbag lying under the seat of my taxi by ____35____. Merry Christmas!”
21. A. reached B. entered C. visited D. noticed
22. A. shops B. factories C. schools D. hospitals
23. A. sons B. daughters C. cousins D. parents
24. A. taxi B. car C. carriage D. bus
25. A. covered B. hidden C. forgotten D. stolen
26. A. arrived B. disappeared C. worked D. disturbed
27. A. dirty B. useful C. old D. small
28. A. shown B. encountered C. packed D. replaced
29. A. put off B. brought about C. relied on D. came round
30. A. fax B. document C. reward D. delivery
31. A. Disappointed B. Shocked C. Confused D. Frightened
32. A. voice B. word C. speed D. moment
33. A. gradually B. completely C. frequently D. originally
34 A. though B. yet C. ever D. before
35. A. comparison B. accident C. design D. nature
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emojis are widely used in our daily lives and have become ___36___ important way of communication. The first emojis were created in 1999 by Japanese designer Shigetaka Kurita, ___37___ worked on a mobile Internet platform ___38___ (call) i-mode. Kurita attempted to develop a simple way for people ___39___ (express) emotions in short text messages.
As emojis gained ___40___ (popular), they faced a significant technical hurdle (障碍) : early emojis could not ___41___ (send) across different mobile platforms, since there was no standardized encoding (编码). This issue was resolved in 2010 by the Unicode Consortium, an organization responsible ___42___ maintaining a standardized encoding of text and symbols across platforms. This allowed for cross-platform communication and continued expansion in emoji usage worldwide.
Given ___43___ (they) origins in Japan, many early emoji characters were reflective of Japanese culture. As they’ve spread ___44___ (global), new characters have been added to account for cultural differences and provide a more universal means of communication. Users must also consider cultural sensitivities when ____45____ (communicate) via emojis, as certain symbols can have hugely different meanings across different cultures.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，校学生会主席，高二年级组织主题为“用英语讲好中国故事”演讲比赛，请你邀请你校外教Mr. Green充当评委，请你给他写一封邀请信，内容包括：
1.比赛时间、地点；
2.评委的工作要求。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For many years, my only companion was our dog, Sno. A small but mighty Bichon Frise, our dog may have looked ordinary, but he was smart, creative, and always ready for ice cream and rolling at my request. While I worked, he slept, waking to chase the red cat from next door, greet a delivery person, or sit in the sunshine.
We didn’t agree on everything, especially when to get up and when to go to bed. He sighed with boredom when a project was due and I didn’t have time to play. He didn’t understand weekends, deadlines, and visitors who left him. However, we both agreed on walking.
At least once a week, we took a long walk to the beach. For him, there were tall grasses and exciting smells. For me, there were other dog walkers and neighbors to catch up with. We returned tired, thirsty, and very happy.
Being a dog with huge ambition and short legs, Sno needed several breaks along the way. The one at the entrance to the beach was his favorite, possibly because he knew we were circling back home. There, on a windy summer day, he looked up at me just as I was looking down at him. We both grinned (咧嘴笑). This was the best walk ever.
When he was old and dying, our walks were shorter and closer to home. I’d take him for a walk and then go out for my own walk, wandering around the beach like we used to do. I always grinned when I got to the entrance to the beach, remembering that summer day when he was young and energetic.
In his final days, Sno still insisted on walking. It took twice as long to take even the shortest walk, but we enjoyed every step. Then came that Sunday when he leaned hard toward the beach walk. How could I refuse his last-walk wish
注意：1．续写词数应150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We took the walk.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After he died, I went for the long walk.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________机密★启用前
2023-2024学年度第一学期高二期末测试
英语试题
本试卷共9页。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Top Scientific Breakthroughs in 2023
The pace of innovation never slows, and the impact of the breakthroughs will redefine the way we live, work and connect with the world.
A New Era for Space Exploration
Space exploration is one of the core missions in many countries. Recently, the newest mission to the moon was launched as NASA’s Artemis Program, which would pave the way for a future mission to Mars. This new era of space exploration will drive technological advancements in fields beyond astronautics and stimulate progress in real-world applications like materials, food science, and modern industry.
A Milestone in AI Predictions
For decades, the scientific community has chased a greater understanding of relationships between protein functions and 3D structures. In July 2023, Deep Mind revealed that the folded 3D structure of a protein molecule (分子), which reduced the number of human proteins with unknown structural data from 4,800 to just 29. While there will always be challenges with AI, the ability to predict protein structures in biology has implications across all life sciences.
Greener Fertilizer Production
Every year, billions of people depend on fertilizers for the ongoing production of food, and reducing the carbon footprint and expenses in fertilizer production would reshape the impact agriculture has on emissions. To reduce energy requirements, researchers from Tokyo Tech have developed a noble-metal-free catalyst (催化剂), which is much more environmentally friendly and safer to the agricultural produces.
Supercomputer—Exascale
Exascale computers, which can perform a mind-boggling quintillion (1018) mathematical operations per second, finally arrived in 2023. They’ve already helped refine weather forecasts and design new materials, and new ones will be coming online soon. The world’s most powerful supercomputers, operating at the far frontier of speed known as the exascale, have now begun to boom. These results from exascale machines coming online in the next few years promise to open a new window into materials, climate science, and medicine.
To stay ahead of emerging trends, new discoveries and unique perspectives, we invite you to subscribe to CAS Insights!
1. What do the Space Exploration and Fertilizer Production have in common
A. They take a lot of time. B. They make influence on the food.
C. They need government cooperation. D. They cost a big sum of money to maintain.
2. Which aspect has a close connection with biology
A. A New Era for Space Exploration. B. A Milestone in AI Predictions.
C. Greener Fertilizer Production. D. Supercomputers—Exascale.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A magazine. D. A science fiction.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四项2023年的重大科学突破。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据A New Era for Space Exploration中“This new era of space exploration will drive technological advancements in fields beyond astronautics and stimulate progress in real-world applications like materials, food science, and modern industry. (这个太空探索的新时代将推动航天以外领域的技术进步，并刺激其在现实世界应用方面的进步，如材料、食品科学和现代工业)”和Greener Fertilizer Production中“Every year, billions of people depend on fertilizers for the ongoing production of food, and reducing the carbon footprint and expenses in fertilizer production would reshape the impact agriculture has on emissions. (每年，数十亿人依靠化肥生产粮食，减少碳足迹和化肥生产费用将重塑农业对排放的影响)”可知，两者的共同之处在于都影响着食物，前者的进步可以推动食品科学的进步，后者是粮食生产的重要基础。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Milestone in AI Predictions中“In July 2023, Deep Mind revealed that the folded 3D structure of a protein molecule (分子), which reduced the number of human proteins with unknown structural data from 4,800 to just 29. While there will always be challenges with AI, the ability to predict protein structures in biology has implications across all life sciences. (2023年7月，Deep Mind揭示了一个蛋白质分子的折叠3D结构，将具有未知结构数据的人类蛋白质数量从4800个减少到29个。虽然人工智能总会面临挑战，但预测生物学中蛋白质结构的能力对所有生命科学都有影响)”可知，AI预测方面的突破增进了人类对蛋白质结构的认识，与生物学紧密相关。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“To stay ahead of emerging trends, new discoveries and unique perspectives, we invite you to subscribe to CAS Insights! (为了保持领先于新兴趋势、新发现和独特视角，我们邀请您订阅CAS Insights)”可知，文章简要介绍了四项2023年的重大科学突破，并在文末邀请读者订阅CAS Insights。由此可知，文章应该出自一本杂志。故选C项。
B
Once a rich and clever boy had practically everything a boy could want, so he was not interested in most toys. Because he couldn’t get a very old mirror, he convinced his parents to buy it from a mysterious old man. When the mirror arrived home, the boy went to see his reflection in it. His face looked very sad indeed. He tried smiling and making funny faces, but his reflection continued with its sad expression. “What a terrible mirror! It’s the first time I’ve seen a mirror that didn’t work properly!” the boy jumped violently.
That same afternoon he went into the street to play and bought a few toys, but on his way to the park he saw a little girl who was crying her heart out. The girl was crying so much and looked so lonely that the rich boy went over to help her and to see what had happened. The little girl told him that she had lost her parents.
Together the two set off in search of the girl’s parents. As the little girl wouldn’t stop crying, the boy spent his money buying her sweets to cheer her up. Finally, after much walking, they found her parents who were much worried and were looking for her everywhere.
The rich boy said goodbye to them. As it was getting late, he decided to head for home, without being able to play. At home, he went to his room, and noticed a shining light in the corner, the same corner he had left the mirror in. Seeing this, he went over to the mirror, and realized that the light was coming from his own body, so radiant (闪亮的) with happiness he had become.
And so he understood the mystery of that mirror, the only mirror which could faithfully reflect the true joy of its owner. He realized it was true. He felt very happy at having helped that little girl. And since then, each morning when he looked in that mirror and failed to see a special shine, he knew what he had to do to bring it back.
4. How did the boy feel when he first looked into the mirror
A. Embarrassed.
B. Angry.
C. Worried.
D. Satisfied.
5. Why was the little girl crying so hard
A. She couldn’t find her parents.
B. She couldn’t get the mysterious mirror.
C. Her parents couldn’t buy toys for her.
D. The boy refused to give his toys to her.
6. What could the boy see in the mirror after he went back from the park
A A shining toy.
B. A broken mirror.
C. A radiant light.
D. The lovely girl.
7. What is the purpose of this text
A. To tell us a horrible story.
B. To introduce to us a strange mirror.
C. To warn us not to be selfish.
D. To encourage us to help others.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个富有且聪明的男孩得到了一面神秘的镜子，他照镜子的时候发现自己很悲伤，但当他帮助了一位小女孩后，他发现镜中的自己散发出了快乐的亮光。他明白了这面镜子能够映射出主人的真正快乐，也知道自己应该怎么做了。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He tried smiling and making funny faces, but his reflection continued with its sad expression. ‘What a terrible mirror! It’s the first time I’ve seen a mirror that didn’t work properly!’ the boy jumped violently.(他试着微笑，做鬼脸，但他的倒影仍然带着悲伤的表情。‘多么糟糕的镜子！这是我第一次看到不能正常用的镜子！’男孩猛地跳了起来。)”可知，男孩第一次照镜子时镜子总是显示他悲伤的样子，他认为镜子坏了，所以会感到非常生气。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The little girl told him that she had lost her parents.(小女孩告诉他她找不到自己的父母了。)”可知，因为这个小女孩找不到自己的父母，所以痛哭。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At home, he went to his room, and noticed a shining light in the corner, the same corner he had left the mirror in.(在家里，他走到自己的房间，注意到角落里有一道亮光，就在他放镜子的那个角落里。)”可知，男孩从公园回到家后，他在镜子里看到了一道亮光。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段中的“He felt very happy at having helped that little girl. And since then, each morning when he looked in that mirror and failed to see a special shine, he knew what he had to do to bring it back.(帮助了那个小女孩，他感到非常高兴。从那以后，每天早上他照镜子并看不到特别的光芒时，他就知道该怎么做才能把它带回来。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一位富有且聪明的男孩得到了一面神秘的镜子，他照镜子的时候发现自己很悲伤，但当他帮助了一位小女孩后，他发现镜中的自己散发出了快乐的亮光，原来这面镜子能够映射出主人的真正快乐，他明白了自己要去帮助他人。由此可推测出，这个故事的目的是鼓励我们去帮助他人，找到真正的快乐。故选D。
C
As a result of trade, travel and migration, different cuisines have spread across the world. Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic (正宗的). But is this a good thing
People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity, particularly for migrant communities. Sociologist and professor of food studies, Krishnendu Ray, explains that home cooking is often the last way that communities can show their identity. British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver was accused of trying to take advantage of positive feelings about Jamaica. His ready meal product had a Jamaican name, but was unlike real Jamaican cooking.
However, food consultant Sara Kay asks whether there are problems with the idea of authenticity. She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting—restauranteurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries—China, India, Italy, Mexico and more—these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries. Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food.
A more controversial view of authenticity was stated by American Chef Andrew Zimmern, who claimed that he could bring in Chinese dishes in a more authentic way than existing restaurants—many of which are owned by Chinese-Americans. Writer and food podcaster Ruth Tam points out that while these restaurants altered their menus to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern. So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity
8. Which of the following factors causes people to care about authenticity
A. Position. B. Decoration. C. Taste. D. Price.
9. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. Eateries in different countries contribute to the authentic problem.
B. Expectation about authenticity may cause problems.
C. Asian food is cheaper than European food.
D. You can enjoy the traditional taste of Mexican food both in Mexico and America.
10. Which statement might Stephanie Elizondo Greist agree with
A. There can be only one authentic taste in a country.
B. What she eats in Texas means nothing to her.
C. The regional specialities should be the same in a country.
D. Every person can have his or her own recognition of authenticity.
11. In which column of the newspaper can we probably read the passage
A. Food & Culture B. Science & Technology
C. Sports & Health D. Literature & Art
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了人们在谈论食物时强调正宗的现象。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic(正宗的).(许多食谱、厨师和餐馆都试图宣布他们所在国家或地区的食物是最正宗的。)”并结合常识可知，厨师或餐厅通常通过宣扬自己食物的味道来表明自己是正宗的。由此推知，食物的味道使人们关心食物的正宗。故选C。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food.(她强调，这些想法往往来自于多数文化对少数文化及其食物的期望。)”和“Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic.(期望也会让人们对什么是真实的产生错误的想法。)”可知，本段主要讲述了对正宗的期望可能会产生问题。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food.(Stephanie Elizondo Greist对墨西哥的食物比她在得克萨斯州长大时吃的食物更正宗这种认识感到惊讶，因为她觉得这两种食物都是墨西哥食物的正宗例子。)”可推测出，她认为每个人都有自己对正宗的认识。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段“As a result of trade, travel and migration, different cuisines have spread across the world. Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic(正宗的). But is this a good thing (由于贸易、旅行和移民，不同的美食已经传播到世界各地。许多食谱、厨师和餐馆都试图宣布他们所在国家或地区的食物是最正宗的。但这是件好事吗？)”引出了话题“人们强调食物正宗的现象”，这与食物和文化有关，因此最有可能出现在报纸的“食物与文化”模块。故选A。
D
When Millet was a boy he worked on his needy father’s farm. At the rest hour in the fields the other workers would all take naps, but young Millet would spend time drawing. Finally, the village where he lived gave him a little money to Paris to study art.
When Millet reached Paris, he had a tough time. Fortunately, when he was almost starving, someone bought one of his peasant paintings, which enabled his family to leave for Barbizon.
Millet’s pictures of peasants at work were painted in a unique way. The painter would go out on the farms and watch them carefully — digging, hoeing, spreading manure, sawing wood, or sowing grain. Then he would come home and paint what he had seen. So astonishingly accurate was his memory that he could paint at home without models and get all the movements of his figures right. When he did need a figure to go by, he would ask his wife to pose for him.
One of his noted artworks is called “The Sower”, which shows a man seeding. He reaches into his bag for seed and then swings backward to scatter the seed, and with each swing of his hand the sower strides forward. In Millet’s picture the sower has been working hard, but his swinging step and arm still move smoothly, like a machine. Only the man’s head reveals his great tiredness.
Another masterpiece is called “The Gleaners”. A gleaner is someone picking up the leftover in the field after the wheat harvest. When farmers near Barbizon are extremely badly-off, even the little the gleaners can find is a help. You can see from Millet’s picture what back-breaking work gleaning must be.
12. What do we know about Millet
A. His wife supported him to be a painter. B. He was keen on painting as a kid.
C. He spent his whole life in Barbizon. D. He was brought up in Paris.
13. How did he paint the laboring farmers
A. Asking models for help. B. Imagining figures in the field.
C. Remembering what he had observed D. Recalling the days on his father’s farm.
14. What do Millet’s works convey
A. The farmers’ hardships. B. The scene of farming.
C. His love for the village. D. His anxiety about the farmers.
15. Which is the text most likely to be taken from
A. A short-story collection B. A personal diary
C. A magazine of art D. A science magazine
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Millet从小就喜欢画画，他的画作主要描绘了农民劳动时的场景。他通过记住他所观察到的来描绘劳动的农民，且Millet的作品传达了农民的艰辛。文章最后介绍了他的两幅作品。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When Millet was a boy he worked on his needy father’s farm. At the rest hour in the fields the other workers would all take naps, but young Millet would spend time drawing.(当米勒还是个孩子的时候，他就在贫穷的父亲的农场里干活。在地里休息的时候，其他的工人都会小睡一会儿，但小米勒会花时间画画)”可知，Millet从小就喜欢画画。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The painter would go out on the farms and watch them carefully — digging, hoeing, spreading manure, sawing wood, or sowing grain. Then he would come home and paint what he had seen.(画家会到农场去，仔细地看着他们挖土、锄地、施肥、锯木头或播种。然后他回到家，把他所看到的画下来)”可知，他通过记住他所观察到的来描绘劳动的农民。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In Millet’s picture the sower has been working hard, but his swinging step and arm still move smoothly, like a machine. Only the man’s head reveals his great tiredness.(在米勒的画中，播种者一直在努力工作，但他摆动的步伐和手臂仍然像机器一样平稳地移动。只有这个人的头显示出他极度的疲倦)”以及最后一段中“You can see from Millet’s picture what back-breaking work gleaning must be.(从Millet的画中可以看出，拾穗是一项多么累人的工作)”可推知，Millet的作品传达了农民的艰辛。故选A 。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后第二段“One of his noted artworks is called “The Sower”, which shows a man seeding.(他的著名作品之一是《播种者》，画的是一个人在播种)”以及最后一段“Another masterpiece is called “The Gleaners”.(另一部杰作叫做《拾穗者》)”且文章主要介绍了画家Millet画作特点的描述。由此推知，本文可能出自一本艺术杂志。故选C。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Do Lobsters (龙虾) Feel Pain
The traditional method for cooking a lobster— boiling it alive— raises the question of whether or not lobsters feel pain. ____16____ Lobsters go bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lobster increases the risk of illness and reduces the quality of its flavor. However, if lobsters are capable of feeling pain, the method and others, such as storing the live lobster on ice, raise moral questions for chefs and lobster eaters alike.
____17____ Lobsters have a peripheral system like humans, but instead of a single brain, they possess nerve cluster (神经簇). Because of this difference, some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standard for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, learn to avoid dangerous situations, respond to anesthetics, and are believed to possess some level of consciousness. ____18____
There is growing evidence that lobsters may feel pain. ____19____ Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland, New Zealand, and the Italian city Reggio Emilia.
The most human e tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes a lobster, making it unconscious in less than half a second or killing it in 5 to 10 seconds. And then, it can be cut apart or boiled.
Unfortunately, the CrustaStun is too expensive for most restaurants and people to afford. Some restaurants place a lobster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer for a couple of hours, during which time it loses consciousness and dies. ____20____ But it is probably the most human e option for killing a lobster before cooking and eating it.
A This solution is not ideal.
B. So it is now becoming illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice.
C. Lobsters are popular food in many countries.
D. So most scientists believe that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.
E. Scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters feel pain.
F. Many restaurants choose more human e methods to cook it.
G. This cooking way is used to improve humans’ dining experience.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一直以来科学家们对龙虾是否会感到疼痛持不同意见，现在越来越多的证据表明，龙虾可能会感到疼痛，因此一些国家禁止将龙虾活煮或放在冰上，推荐使用更人道的水产品电击器处理龙虾，一些无力负担该工具的餐馆则尽量选择其他人道的方式进行处理。
【16题详解】
前文“The traditional method for cooking a lobster— boiling it alive— raises the question of whether or not lobsters feel pain.(传统的烹饪龙虾的方法——活煮龙虾——引发了龙虾是否会感到疼痛的问题)”引入传统活煮龙虾的话题，后文“Lobsters go bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lobster increases the risk of illness and reduces the quality of its flavor.(龙虾死后很快就会变质，吃死龙虾会增加患病的风险，并降低其味道的质量)”具体解释采用这种烹饪方式的原因，因此G项“This cooking way is used to improve humans’ dining experience.(这种烹饪方式被用来改善人类的用餐体验)”符合语境，承上启下，其中的This cooking way指代前文的boiling it alive。故选G。
【17题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“Lobsters have a peripheral system like humans, but instead of a single brain, they possess nerve cluster (神经簇). Because of this difference, some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standard for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, learn to avoid dangerous situations, respond to anesthetics, and are believed to possess some level of consciousness.(龙虾像人类一样有一个外围系统，但它们不是一个单一的大脑，而是神经簇。由于这种差异，一些研究人员认为龙虾与脊椎动物太不相似了，感觉不到疼痛。)”可知，本段主要介绍了对龙虾是否会感到疼痛的两种不同意见，因此E项“Scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters feel pain.(科学家们对龙虾是否会感到疼痛持不同意见)”符合语境，统领后文内容，其中的feel pain和后文的feel pain是同词复现。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standard for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, learn to avoid dangerous situations, respond to anesthetics, and are believed to possess some level of consciousness.(尽管如此，龙虾确实满足了疼痛反应的所有标准。龙虾会保护自己的伤口，学会避开危险的情况，对麻醉剂有反应，并且被认为具有一定程度的意识)”可知，龙虾被认为是有一定程度的意识，由此可知，伤害龙虾会让它们感到疼痛，D项“So most scientists believe that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.(因此，大多数科学家认为，伤害龙虾会导致身体疼痛)”和前文构成因果关系，是对前文的总结。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“There is growing evidence that lobsters may feel pain.(越来越多的证据表明，龙虾可能会感到疼痛)”以及后文“Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland, New Zealand, and the Italian city Reggio Emilia.(目前，在瑞士、新西兰和意大利城市雷焦艾米利亚，煮活龙虾是非法的)”可知，前文讲述龙虾会感到疼痛，后文讲述法律问题，所以空处应是过渡句，B项“So it is now becoming illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice.(因此，现在将龙虾活煮或冷藏是违法的)”符合文意，和前文构成因果关系，并引出下文。故选B项。
【20题详解】
前文“Some restaurants place a lobster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer for a couple of hours, during which time it loses consciousness and dies. (一些餐馆把龙虾放在塑料袋里，放在冰箱里几个小时，在这段时间里，龙虾失去知觉，死亡)”介绍了一些无力负担水产品电击器的餐馆处理龙虾的方法，后文“But it is probably the most human e option for killing a lobster before cooking and eating it.(但在烹饪和食用龙虾之前杀死它可能是最人性化的选择)”对这种方法做出了评价，因此A项“This solution is not ideal (这个解决方案并不理想)”符合语境，承接前文，和后文形成转折，“这种方法”指前文“将龙虾装入塑料袋在冰箱冻死”。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was getting more excited as we got off the train at beautiful Grand Central Station. After tour at the Museum of Modern Art, we ___21___ Radio City Music Hall and the Christmas tree at Rockefeller Center. In one of the ___22___ in the area, I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books, perfect for my ___23___. Was there anything like Christmas in New York Having experienced an exciting and tiring tour, we called a ___24___ back to Grand Central Station.
On the way home I realized that my handbag was gone -- lost or ___25___. I had no idea. All the magic of this special day ___26___. I glumly (闷闷不乐地) pictured a jam-packed Department of Motor Vehicles and all the phone calls that I’d have to make to get my ___27___ cards replaced with new ones. And I’d never ___28___ all those precious photos of my daughters.
The days slipped by while I got rides to college and ___29___ going to the DMV (车管所) at such a busy time of year. Then I got an unexpected ____30____, a box with the return address of Radio City Music Hall. ____31____, I opened it and shouted in a joyful ____32____.
There was my old handbag, with everything ____33____ good inside — license, cards and photos — and one thing that hadn’t been there ____34____, a handwritten note, saying, “I found this handbag lying under the seat of my taxi by ____35____. Merry Christmas!”
21. A. reached B. entered C. visited D. noticed
22. A. shops B. factories C. schools D. hospitals
23. A. sons B. daughters C. cousins D. parents
24. A. taxi B. car C. carriage D. bus
25. A. covered B. hidden C. forgotten D. stolen
26. A. arrived B. disappeared C. worked D. disturbed
27. A. dirty B. useful C. old D. small
28. A. shown B. encountered C. packed D. replaced
29. A. put off B. brought about C. relied on D. came round
30. A. fax B. document C. reward D. delivery
31. A. Disappointed B. Shocked C. Confused D. Frightened
32. A. voice B. word C. speed D. moment
33. A. gradually B. completely C. frequently D. originally
34. A. though B. yet C. ever D. before
35. A. comparison B. accident C. design D. nature
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者外出旅行时不小心丢失了手提包，在回家后搭乘的出租车司机将手提包寄给作者，并送上圣诞祝福的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参观完现代艺术博物馆后，我们参观了无线电城音乐厅和洛克菲勒中心的圣诞树。A. reached到达；B. entered进入；C. visited参观；D. noticed注意到。根据上文中的“After a tour at the Museum of Modern Art”可知，作者游览完了现代艺术中心，由此可知，作者在游览“参观”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个地区的一家商场里，我发现了一套小盒装的彼得兔书，非常适合我的女儿们。A. shops商场；B. factories工厂；C. schools学校；D. hospitals医院。根据下文中的“I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books”可知，作者发现一套适合女儿的书，由此可知，作者应该在逛“商场”时，发现的一套小盒装的彼得兔书。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个地区的一家商店里，我发现了一套小盒装的彼得兔书，非常适合我的女儿们。A. sons儿子；B. daughters女儿；C. cousins表妹，堂兄；D. parents父母。根据下文的“And I’d never 8 all those precious photos of my daughters.”可知，作者从没有把这些照片给女儿们看，由此可知，此处应是“女儿们”符合语境。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经历了一次既刺激又累的旅行后，我们叫了一辆出租车回到中央车站。A. taxi出租车；B. car小车；C. carriage马车；D. bus公交车。根据下文中的“I found this handbag lying under the seat of my taxi ”可知，在给作者的快递里写着“在出租车的座位下发现的手提包”，由此可知，作者和家人应该是叫了一辆“出租车”符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我意识到我的手提包不见了——不是丢了就是被偷了。A. covered覆盖；B. hidden隐藏；C. forgotten忘记；D. stolen偷。根据上文中的“On the way home I realized that my handbag was gone -- lost or”可知，作者意识到手提包不见了，作者的推测是有可能丢了，或者“被偷”符合语境。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个特殊一天的神奇魅力全部消失了。A. arrived到达；B. disappeared消失；C. worked工作；D. disturbed打扰，弄乱。根据上文中的“my handbag was gone”可知，作者的手提包不见了，以及下文中的“I glumly (闷闷不乐地) pictured”可知，作者丢了东西，心情不好，由此可知，此处应指的是游览带来的魅力就“消失”了。故选B项。
27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我闷闷不乐地想象着汽车管理局里挤满了人，我必须打很多电话才能把旧卡换成新卡。A. dirty脏的；B. useful有用的；C. old旧的；D. narrow狭窄的。根据语境以及下文中的“cards replaced with new ones”可知，作者的包丢了，里面有卡，由此可知推断，此处指的是作者把丢失的“旧”卡换成新卡，需要打很多的电话。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有给他们看我女儿们的那些珍贵照片。A. shown展示；B. encountered偶遇，遇到；C. packed打包；D. replaced代替。根据语境以及下文中的“those precious photos of my daughters.”可知，作者手提包不见了，意味着作者不能“展示”女儿们的珍贵照片。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：日子一天天过去，我乘车去上大学，每年的这个时候，我都推迟去车管所的时间。A. put off推迟；B. brought about引起，导致；C. relied on依赖；D. came round恢复知觉，苏醒。根据下文中的“at such a busy time of year”可知，在一年中最繁忙的时候，作者会因此而“推迟”去车管所的时间。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我收到了一个意想不到的快递，一个盒子，上面写着无线电城音乐厅的回信地址。A. fax传真；B. document文件；C. reward奖励，回报；D. delivery快递。根据常识和下文中的“a box with the return address of Radio City Music Hall.”可知，可知收到了一个上面有无线电城音乐厅的回信地址的盒子，由此可推测，此处指的是作者收到了一个意想不到的“快递”符合语境。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到迷惑，打开后高兴地喊叫起来。A. Disappointed失望的；B. Shocked吃惊的；C. Confused迷惑的；D. Frightened害怕的。根据上文中的“Then I got an unexpected ___10___, a box with the return address of Radio City Music Hall.”可知，收到一个没有料想到的快递，由此可知，此处应是感到“迷惑”符合语境。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到迷惑，打开后高兴地喊叫起来。A. voice声音；B. word话语；C. speed速度；D. moment片刻。根据上文中的“I opened it and shouted…”可知，作者打开后喊叫起来，由此可知，此处应指的是以一种高兴的“声音”符合语境。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那是我的旧手提包，里面的东西都完好无损——驾照、证件和照片——还有一件以前没有的东西，一张手写的便条，上面写着，“我偶然发现这个手提包躺在我的出租车座位下面。A. gradually逐渐地；B. completely完全地；C. frequently频繁地；D. originally起初。根据下文中的“license, cards and photos”可知，包里的东西完好无损，所以此处指的是“完全地”符合语境。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：包里还有一件以前没有的东西，一张手写的便条，上面写着，“我偶然发现在我的出租车座位上放的手提包。圣诞快乐！”。A. though尽管；B. yet然而；C. ever曾经；D. before以前。根据上文中的“and one thing that hadn’t been there”可知，里面还有一个没有的东西，结合下文中的“a handwritten note,”可知，此处指的是这张纸条是“以前”包里没有的东西。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：包里还有一件以前没有的东西，一张手写的便条，上面写着，“我偶然发现在我的出租车座位上放的手提包。圣诞快乐！”。A. comparison比较；B. accident事故；C. design设计；D. nature自然。根据语境以及上文中的““I found this handbag lying under the seat of my taxi”可知，便条上写着在出租车的座位下发现手提包的，由此可推断，此处指的是“偶然地”符合语境，by accident意为“偶然地”。故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emojis are widely used in our daily lives and have become ___36___ important way of communication. The first emojis were created in 1999 by Japanese designer Shigetaka Kurita, ___37___ worked on a mobile Internet platform ___38___ (call) i-mode. Kurita attempted to develop a simple way for people ___39___ (express) emotions in short text messages.
As emojis gained ___40___ (popular), they faced a significant technical hurdle (障碍) : early emojis could not ___41___ (send) across different mobile platforms, since there was no standardized encoding (编码). This issue was resolved in 2010 by the Unicode Consortium, an organization responsible ___42___ maintaining a standardized encoding of text and symbols across platforms. This allowed for cross-platform communication and continued expansion in emoji usage worldwide.
Given ___43___ (they) origins in Japan, many early emoji characters were reflective of Japanese culture. As they’ve spread ___44___ (global), new characters have been added to account for cultural differences and provide a more universal means of communication. Users must also consider cultural sensitivities when ____45____ (communicate) via emojis, as certain symbols can have hugely different meanings across different cultures.
【答案】36. an 37. who
38. called 39. to express
40. popularity
41. be sent
42. for 43. their
44. globally
municating
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了表情符号的起源以及传播过程。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：表情符号在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用，已经成为一种重要的交流方式。可数名词way此处为泛指，用不定冠词修饰，且important是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1999年，日本设计师Shigetaka Kurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Shigetaka Kurita，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1999年，日本设计师Shigetaka Kurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。分析句子结构可知call与逻辑主语platform构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Kurita试图开发一种简单让人们在短信中表达情感的方法。在way后用动词不定式作后置定语，意为“做某事的方法”。故填to express。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。作gain的宾语，应用名词popularity，不可数。故填popularity。
【41题详解】
考查语态。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且could not后跟动词原形。故填be sent。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个问题在2010年由Unicode联盟解决，该联盟负责维护跨平台文本和符号的标准化编码。短语be responsible for表示“负责”。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：由于它们起源于日本，许多早期的表情符号都反映了日本文化。修饰名词origins应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着它们在全球范围内传播，新的汉字被添加进来，以解释文化差异，并提供一种更通用的交流方式。修饰动词spread应用副词globally，故填globally。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用户在使用表情符号交流时还必须考虑文化敏感性，因为某些符号在不同的文化中可能有截然不同的含义。此处为状语从句的省略，且communicate与users构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填communicating。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，校学生会主席，高二年级组织主题为“用英语讲好中国故事”演讲比赛，请你邀请你校外教Mr. Green充当评委，请你给他写一封邀请信，内容包括：
1.比赛时间、地点；
2.评委的工作要求。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr Green,
I am writing on behalf of the School’ Student Union to invite you help us judge the English Speaking competition to be held at the Lecture Hall on 10 December.
The theme of the lecture is Telling Chinese Stories in English. 16 students each are to give a five-minute speech on the theme in English. As a judge, you will be responsible for listening to all the speeches, noting down any positive or negative aspects for each petitors should be judged on their pronunciation, clarify and fluency and influence of stories. Then you will discuss your notes with three other judges, who are English teachers. Finally, make a decision about who comes first, second and third.
I sincerely hope you can come.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
President, Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，校学生会主席，高二年级组织主题为“用英语讲好中国故事”演讲比赛，请你邀请你校外教Mr. Green充当评委，请你给他写一封邀请信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：theme→topic
代表：on behalf of→represent
演讲：speech→lecture
比赛：competition→contest
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing on behalf of the School’ Student Union to invite you help us judge the English Speaking competition to be held at the Lecture Hall on 10 December.
拓展句：I am writing on behalf of the School’ Student Union to invite you help us judge the English Speaking competition, which will be held at the Lecture Hall on 10 December.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Then you will discuss your notes with three other judges, who are English teachers. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Finally, make a decision about who comes first, second and third. (运用了who引导宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For many years, my only companion was our dog, Sno. A small but mighty Bichon Frise, our dog may have looked ordinary, but he was smart, creative, and always ready for ice cream and rolling at my request. While I worked, he slept, waking to chase the red cat from next door, greet a delivery person, or sit in the sunshine.
We didn’t agree on everything, especially when to get up and when to go to bed. He sighed with boredom when a project was due and I didn’t have time to play. He didn’t understand weekends, deadlines, and visitors who left him. However, we both agreed on walking.
At least once a week, we took a long walk to the beach. For him, there were tall grasses and exciting smells. For me, there were other dog walkers and neighbors to catch up with. We returned tired, thirsty, and very happy.
Being a dog with huge ambition and short legs, Sno needed several breaks along the way. The one at the entrance to the beach was his favorite, possibly because he knew we were circling back home. There, on a windy summer day, he looked up at me just as I was looking down at him. We both grinned (咧嘴笑). This was the best walk ever.
When he was old and dying, our walks were shorter and closer to home. I’d take him for a walk and then go out for my own walk, wandering around the beach like we used to do. I always grinned when I got to the entrance to the beach, remembering that summer day when he was young and energetic.
In his final days, Sno still insisted on walking. It took twice as long to take even the shortest walk, but we enjoyed every step. Then came that Sunday when he leaned hard toward the beach walk. How could I refuse his last-walk wish
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We took the walk.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After he died, I went for the long walk.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We took the walk. It took an extra hour to take that walk. He needed to rest, sniff, and pause at his favorite places. He sat down when we came to the entrance to the beach. He looked up at me the way he had that long-ago summer day. It was really an unforgettable and touching moment in all my life. I don’t know if dogs can cry, but if they could, it would make two of us sob at the entrance to the beach.
After he died, I went for the long walk. I felt like part of me was missing. I kept looking down as if he were there beside me enjoying the sun, warmth, and fresh air. He was with me when I walked past the entrance, thinking of that smiling day when we shared our best walk ever. Instead of crying, I grinned. It was a warm, windy day with a bright, blue sky, just like our magical walk. I was the only one standing there, but I wasn’t alone. The walk to the beach is now my favorite. I grin every time I come to the entrance to the beach and tell him I love him.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者唯一的伴侣是一条狗，叫做Sno。他一直陪伴着作者，作者每周至少有一次带着他去海滩散步。慢慢地Sno老了，快要死了，作者和他散步的时间变短了。一个星期天的时候，Sno使劲地向海边走去。作者带着他到了海滩，他们一起度过了难忘的一天，后来Sno死了，作者独自一个来到了海滩走了很长的路，回想着和Sno在一起的日子。自此，作者最喜欢去海滩散步了。每次来到海滩的入口，作者都会咧嘴一笑，告诉Sno自己爱他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们去散步了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和Sno一起散步的情景。
②由第二段首句内容“他死后，我去那走了很长的路。”可知，第二段可描写作者独自一人来到海滩，回想着和Sno在一起的日子，以及感受。
2.续写线索：一起散步——度过了难忘的一天——Sno死了——回想和Sno在一起的日子——微笑面对——自此最喜欢散步
3.词汇激活行为类
①休息：rest/have a break
②走过：walk past/pass by
③来到：come to/get to
情绪类
①难忘的：unforgettable/memorable
②令人感动的：touching/moving
【点睛】[高分句型1] He sat down when we came to the entrance to the beach. （运用了when引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2] He looked up at me the way he had that long-ago summer day. （运用了省略that/in which引导的定语从句）
[高分句型3] I don’t know if dogs can cry, but if they could, it would make two of us sob at the entrance to the beach.（第一个if引导宾语从句，第二个if引导条件状语从句）
