2024学年郑州市宇华实验学校高二下学期开学摸底考试
英 语
考生注意：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚;
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效;
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some hostels (旅社) that will help you save money when you’re traveling in Toronto, Canada.
HI Hostel Toronto
HI Hostel Toronto really gets what travelers need. The hostel is in a central location close to everything you need (shopping, restaurants, subway and more). It’s very easy to meet people here because there is a bar that hosts live music. The beds are super comfortable so you can have a good sleep. Free breakfast is included.
Beds from $45 every night.
Two Peas Pod Hostel
Two Peas Pod Hostel runs a store and a café. They have a super rooftop (屋顶) (you can see the CN Tower from it) and a mini movie theater. Their beds are super cool and comfortable. They have lockers underneath them so you can keep all your things safe. It’s almost like staying in a modern hotel but with the fun of a hostel. Enjoy a great stay with free breakfast.
Beds from $59 every night.
The Only Backpacker’s Inn
This is your standard backpacker hostel. They have a bar and a café. There’s no free breakfast but the money you save makes up for that. It’s located near the subway so you can easily get around the city. It’s a good choice for travelers to meet people.
Beds from $37 every night.
The Parkdale Hostellerie
This is the most affordable hostel with free breakfast in the city. It’s not as central as the other hostels but that also makes one of its advantages: it is far from noise. The hostel is not the most modern but it has a welcoming, homey feel.
Beds from $26 every night.
1. What can travelers do at HI Hostel Toronto
A. Drink coffee at a café. B. Watch a live music show.
C. See the CN Tower on the rooftop. D. Watch a film at a mini movie theater.
2. What makes The Only Backpacker’s Inn different from the others
A. It runs a store and a café. B. It offers comfortable beds.
C. It doesn’t offer free breakfast. D. It’s close to public transportation.
3. Which hostel should you choose if you want to live in a quiet place
A. HI Hostel Toronto. B. Two Peas Pod Hostel.
C. The Only Backpacker’s Inn. D. The Parkdale Hostellerie.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。当你在加拿大多伦多旅行时，文章介绍了一些可以帮你省钱的旅馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据HI Hostel Toronto部分中“It’s very easy to meet people here because there is a bar that hosts live music. (在这里很容易遇到朋友，因为这里有一个举办现场音乐演出的酒吧。)”可知，在这里很容易遇到朋友，因为这里有一个举办现场音乐演出的酒吧。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据HI Hostel Toronto部分中的“Free breakfast is included.(包括免费早餐)”和Two Peas Pod Hostel中的“Enjoy a great stay with free breakfast.(享受免费早餐的美好住宿)”以及The Parkdale Hostellerie中的“This is the most affordable hostel with free breakfast in the city.(这是该市最实惠的免费早餐旅馆)”和The Only Backpacker’s Inn部分中“There’s no free breakfast but the money you save makes up for that.(没有免费的早餐，但你省下的钱弥补了这一点。)”可推知，The Only Backpacker’s Inn的不同之处在于它不提供免费的早餐。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Parkdale Hostellerie部分中“It’s not as central as the other hostels but that also makes one of its advantages: it is far from noise. (它不像其他青年旅社那样位于市中心，但这也是它的优势之一：远离噪音。)”可知，Parkdale Hostellerie是一个安静的旅社。故选D。
B
As the COVID-19 appeared, many people’s life changed.
At the beginning of March 2020, Boylan, a professor of Medicine Jon Bae, went from working onsite to being another role as a health economic analyst(分析家) of Duke University Health System. And a month into the pandemic(流行病), his daughter, Elora, was born. The past two years drew Boylan closer to his wife, Katie, “During the time of the pandemic, I am not one of those people who have time to learn how to bake bread or anything,” Boylan said. “I think, in terms of personal growth, I have learned much about how to live a happy life.”
By October of 2020, the pandemic had lasted for several months, and Melanie Thomas was feeling down. “How do I have a rich and full life during this special time and keep a positive attitude ” Thomas asked herself. She decided that she needed a goal that she could work out until the world opened up. For the next several months, Thomas began running, working out at a socially distant gym, and walked as much as she could every day. While the trip to Nepal was the goal, the exercise to prepare for it became a central piece of herself-care routine.
A few weeks ago, Mary Atkinson began spending the remaining daylight after work setting up a garden in the yard of her Greensboro home. She as well as her two-year-olds on, West, often played there with the sand and his toy truck. “This is something that never happened before the pandemic, and it gives much happiness to us,” said Atkinson.
During the pandemic, John Carbuccia, instead of eating lunch out or grabbing meals in the university canteen, found himself eating homemade breakfasts, lunches and dinners. Scrambled eggs with vegetables or simply prepared salmon fillets are some of his current favorites. And without having to rush to the company, he walks and runs around his neighborhood before and after work at home.
4. How was Boylan affected by the pandemic
A. He became a cooking master.
B. His income turned to be uncertain.
C. He lost his job.
D. He had a better understanding of living happily.
5. What did Thomas mainly do during the pandemic
A. She visited Nepal. B. She lost weight.
C. She did exercise. D. She learned online.
6. What benefit did the garden built by Atkinson bring to her
A. It saved much space for storing sand. B. It provided comfortable office space.
C. It offered a good environment for sports， D. It improved the parent-child relationship.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. The features of working from home.
B. Tips on how to fight against the pandemic.
C. The change of people’s life during the pandemic.
D An experiment in studying the meaning of life.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了新冠肺炎给人们生活带来的变化。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“The past two years drew Boylan closer to his wife, Katie, “During the time of the pandemic, I am not one of those people who have time to learn how to bake bread or anything,” Boylan said. “I think, in terms of personal growth, I have learned much about how to live a happy life.”(过去的两年拉近了博伊兰与妻子凯蒂的距离，博伊兰说：“在疫情期间，我不是那种有时间学习如何烤面包或其他东西的人。我认为，就个人成长而言，我学到了很多关于如何过幸福生活的知识。”)”可知，疫情让Boylan对幸福生活有了更好的理解。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“For the next several months, Thomas began running, working out at a socially distant gym, and walked as much as she could every day. (在接下来的几个月里，托马斯开始跑步，在社交距离较远的健身房锻炼，每天尽可能多地走路。)”可知，托马斯在疫情期间主要做了运动。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She as well as her two-year-olds on, West, often played there with the sand and his toy truck. “This is something that never happened before the pandemic, and it gives much happiness to us,” said Atkinson.她和她两岁的孩子在维斯特经常在那里玩沙子和他的玩具卡车。阿特金森说：“这是疫情之前从未发生过的事情，它给了我们很多幸福。”)”可知，阿特金森建造的花园改善了她和孩子的亲子关系。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“As the COVID-19 appeared, many people’s life changed. (随着新冠肺炎的出现，许多人的生活发生了变化。)”可知，本文主要讲了疫情期间人们生活的变化。故选C。
C
When you praise a dog, it’s listening to not just the words you say but also how you say them. That might not be huge news to dog owners. But now researchers have explored this phenomenon by using an imaging machine to look inside the brains of 13 dogs as they listened to their owners’ voice.
The reward pathway in the dogs’ brains lit up when they heard both praising words and an approving intonation (语调)—but not when they heard random (随机的) words spoken in a praising tone or praising words spoken in a flat tone, according to the researchers.
“Dogs deal with both what we say and how we say it in a way which is amazingly similar to how humans do it,” says Attila Andics, a neuroscientist in Hungary. When dogs hear speech, he explains, they seem to separate the meaning of words from the intonation. Then the left hemisphere (半球) of the brain deals with meaning, while intonation is dealt with in the right hemisphere.
All the dogs in the study were willing volunteers and were trained not to move in the scanner (扫描器). The dogs could get up and leave the machine whenever they wanted. But it was clear to the dogs that their human companions loved it when they did this very easy task. “They were really happy to take part,” says Andics. “The difficulty of the training was that they can’t move more than 3 millimeters in any direction, otherwise we will have to throw out all of the data.”
He says most dog owners have experimented with trying to “trick” their dogs by saying nonsense words in a cheerful, happy tone of voice. “I think the big difference here is that they only heard us, and they didn’t see us,” says Andics, because the dogs were inside the machine. “Here, the only information they had was the speech signal. What we saw is that for praise to be dealt with as a reward, when there is no other supporting information, both word meaning and intonation have to fit.”
8. What is regarded as a reward by dogs according to the study
A. Praising words in a flat tone. B. Random words in a flat tone.
C. Praising words in a praising tone. D. Random words in a praising tone.
9. How do dogs deal with what they hear
A. Focus more on the meaning. B. Focus more on the intonation.
C. Use information from their peers. D. Use the two parts of the brain.
10. What is a hard part of the training in Andics’opinion
A. Looking into the dogs’ brain activity.
B. Training dogs to stay still in the machine.
C. Keeping dogs separated from their owners.
D. Asking dogs to get up and leave the scanner.
11. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. Dogs Understand Tone and Meaning of Words
B. Dogs Indeed Know How to Praise
C. Dogs Can Recognize Owners’ Voices
D. Dogs Can Read Man’s Moods
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述实验表明狗能理解人说话的语气和含义。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The reward pathway in the dogs’ brains lit up when they heard both praising words and an approving intonation(语调)(当狗听到赞扬的话语和赞许的语调时，它们大脑中的奖赏通路会被激活)”可知，当狗听到用赞赏的语调说的表扬的话时，其脑内的奖赏通路会被激活，这被狗视为奖励。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“they seem to separate the meaning of words from the intonation. Then the left hemisphere(半球) of the brain processes meaning, while intonation is analyzed in the right hemisphere.(它们似乎把单词的意思和语调分开了。然后，大脑左半球处理意思，而语调由右半球分析。)”可知，狗在大脑的不同半球对话语的含义和说话的语调分别进行分析。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“All the dogs in the study were willing volunteers and were trained not to move in the scanner(扫描器).(研究中的所有狗都是自愿的志愿者，并被训练不在扫描仪中移动)”及“The difficult aspect of the training was convincing the dogs that ‘motionless’ means really motionless. They can’t move more than 3 millimeters in any direction, otherwise we will have to throw out all of the data.(训练的困难之处在于让狗相信‘不动’意味着真的不动。它们不能向任何方向移动超过3毫米，否则我们将不得不扔掉所有的数据。)”可知，研究过程中，狗被要求在扫描仪器中待着不动，这是训练中的难点。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大义题。文章开头通过“When you praise a dog, it's listening to not just the words you say but also how you say them. That might not be huge news to dog owners. But now researchers have explored this phenomenon…(当你表扬一只狗时，它不仅在听你说的话，还在听你怎么说。这对狗主人来说可能不是什么大新闻。但现在研究人员对这一现象进行了探索……)”引入话题：狗能理解人说话的语气和含义，研究者对此进行了研究。接着，下文介绍了该研究的内容和结论，故A项“狗能理解语言的语气和含义”适合作本文标题。故选A项。
D
What do we mean when we talk about repair The most commonly repaired items at home are wooden furniture and table lamps and other small lights, but many people express a level of discomfort for lack of knowledge about the skills required to repair them. However, we live in a time when many of the objects we buy come with limited lifespans(寿命) —especially technological and electrical goods.
Although some objects may require specialist aid, plenty of worn things around the home can be repaired there, if you know what you’re doing. “One hundred years ago, everyone needed to repair things themselves,” an expert says. “So many people had the skills, and they were passed down from generation to generation. And not only the skills, but also the tools. The tools almost became the memories of that repair and carried their own stories.”
Repair often feels pleasant because it is a moment of fixing. The holes can be filled. The gaps will be smoothed over. The language of repair has great significance in describing things: mending, fixing, restoring, rebuilding, piecing together. All are words we use for the objects around us, but also ones we apply to ourselves. We feel a little happy in the idea that few things are truly beyond salvage.
Repair is attractive for many reasons. It helps us think about how to care for the things we own. It makes us mindful of what we waste, and what we should hold on to. It reminds us to bend in closer and see the changes, the points where the needle went through the surface and pulled together something new.
12. How do many people feel when it comes to repairing things
A. Very confident. B. A little scared.
C. Particularly interested. D. Slightly uneasy.
13. Which of the following is true according to paragraph 2
A. Most worn things need to be repaired by specialists.
B. The repairing tools were once passed down for generations.
C. Words about repairing can not be used for people.
D The process of repairing is often disappointing.
14 What does the underlined word “salvage” mean in paragraph 3
A. Reach. B. Description. C. Repair. D. Reason.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards repair
A. Indifferent. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Curious.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“修理”背后的故事，包括技艺和工具是带带相传的，以及修理的重要意义等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The most commonly repaired items at home are wooden furniture and table lamps and other small lights, but many people express a level of discomfort for lack of knowledge about the skills required to repair them.(家里最常修理的物品是木制家具、台灯和其他小灯，但许多人表示，由于缺乏修理所需技能的知识，他们感到一定程度的不适。)”可知，人们在修理东西的时候会因为缺乏知识而在一定程度上会感到不安。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“So many people had the skills, and they were passed down from generation to generation. And not only the skills, but also the tools. (很多人都有这种技能，他们一代一代地传了下来。不仅是技能，还有工具。)”可知，修理工具和修理技能一样，很多都是代代相传。故选B项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“The language of repair has great significance in describing things: mending, fixing, restoring, rebuilding, piecing together. All are words we use for the objects around us, but also ones we apply to ourselves.(修复的语言在描述事物时具有重要意义：修补、固定、恢复、重建、拼凑。这些词都是我们用来形容周围事物的，但也都是我们用来形容自己的。)”可知，作者认为很多事情和人都是可以修复、修补的，并且后文“We feel a little happy in the idea that few things are truly beyond salvage.(想到很少有东西是真正无法挽救的，我们感到有点高兴。)”可知，想到很少有东西是无法_____的会感到高兴，作者想要表达的意思应该和前文“修复、修补”相近或相同。A. reach到达；B. description描述；C. repair修理；D. reason原因。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Repair is attractive for many reasons.(修理有很多吸引人原因。)”可知，作者认为修理很吸引人，是一件有趣的事情，可以推出作者对修理这件事持有积极的态度。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to improve your immune(免疫) health
As the temperatures drop and flu and cold season approaches, we need to start thinking about looking after our immune health. ___16___. These foods are rich in micronutrients such as Vitamin C and zinc, which support healthy immune function. Some ways plant-based nutrition can improve your immune system.
___17___
The relationship between smoking and/or excessive alcohol consumption and harmful immune-related health effects is well documented. Avoid breathing in any material that might be harm to the lungs, including vaping(电子烟). Try to reduce risky materials such as alcohol as these have a negative impact on immune health.
Get seven to nine hours restorative sleep every day
There is strong evidence that sleep improves immune defence. Try to aim for between seven and nine hours of good quality, restorative sleep every night. Improving sleep often starts by focusing on your daily habits, routines and bedroom environment. ___18___.
Stress less and spend more time with others
Stress promotes inflammation(炎症) and reduces your defence against infection. Meditation, a gratitude practice, yoga or breathwork can all help lower levels of cortisol, the main stress hormone. ___19___, whether it is volunteering in the community, picking up the shopping for an elderly neighbour, nurturing your friendships or making quality time for your friends and family.
Be physically active every day
___20___. Besides, it can help maintain healthy body weight and protect against a variety of diseases including viral and bacterial infections. Aim to be physically active every day for 30-60 minutes per day. Adults need at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity each week to acquire the most health benefits from physical activity.
A. Take exercise each day
B. It is important to seek advice
C. Avoid smoking and reduce alcohol
D. Develop a relaxing bedtime routine
E. Relationships also play a key role in our health
F. Regular exercise improves health and lowers blood pressure
G. This means enjoying a diet based around fruit and vegetables
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些方法来改善你的免疫系统。
【16题详解】
根据下文“These foods are rich in micronutrients such as Vitamin C and zinc, which support healthy immune function. (这些食物富含微量营养素，如维生素C和锌，可以支持健康的免疫功能。)”可知，空格处应该说明的是有良好的饮食习惯，所吃的食物能够提高免疫力。G. This means enjoying a diet based around fruit and vegetables. (这意味着享受以水果和蔬菜为主的饮食。)说明的是以水果和蔬菜为主的饮食，能够引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“The relationship between smoking and/or excessive alcohol consumption and harmful immune-related health effects is well documented. (吸烟和/或过度饮酒与有害的免疫相关健康影响之间的关系已得到充分证明。)”可知，本段说明的是吸烟和/或者过度饮酒有害免疫系统。C. Avoid smoking and reduce alcohol (避免吸烟，减少饮酒)能够作为本段的主题句，符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Improving sleep often starts by focusing on your daily habits, routines and bedroom environment. (改善睡眠通常从关注你的日常习惯、常规和卧室环境开始。)”可知，空格处应该说明的是与睡眠、生活习惯有关。D. Develop a relaxing bedtime routine (养成放松的就寝习惯)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据下文“whether it is volunteering in the community, picking up the shopping for an elderly neighbour, nurturing your friendships or making quality time for your friends and family. (无论是在社区做志愿者，为年老的邻居买东西，培养你的友谊，还是和你的朋友和家人共度美好时光。)”可知，空格处应该说明的是人与人之间的关系，或者是与他们相处对健康的关系。E. Relationships also play a key role in our health (人际关系对我们的健康也起着关键作用)说明的是人际关系对健康的作用，能够引出下文，符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据本段的主题“Be physically active every day (每天锻炼身体)”以及下文“Besides, it can help maintain healthy body weight and protect against a variety of diseases including viral and bacterial infections. (此外，它可以帮助保持健康的体重和防止各种疾病，包括病毒和细菌感染。)”可知，空格处应该说明的是锻炼有关的好处。F. Regular exercise improves health and lowers blood pressure (有规律的运动可以增进健康，降低血压)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For most of my life I had lived in the black and Latino community. Neither of my parents had graduated from middle school and I was the first in my family to ever enter a college campus. By contrast, most of my ____21____ came from generations of well educated family and had grown up in____22____ white suburbs. In the college, ____23____ sharing with others how I was feeling, I closed myself and thought I could get through it if I just ____24____ study. However, during the weeks before the winter break, I finally decided I would drop out. ____25____, that wasn’t the end of the story. I found ____26____ and guidance to continue to finish my college.
Consulting provided me with space to ____27____ my emotions. My consultant provided me with books and other ____28____ to understand what I was experiencing and she helped me feel powerful. Volunteering with a campus organization provided me with a constant ____29____ of why I was in college. My interactions with students, who reminded me so much of my own friends at home, inspired me to work for _____30_____ to higher education for low income youth. I also _____31_____ in a summer urban program, where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference to talk about _____32_____ of race and class.
_____33_____ is power. I read books and chose courses to learn more about topics _____34_____ to immigration, race, social class and urban education. These courses and books helped me _____35_____ a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression. Most importantly, I was equipped with the knowledge I needed to work against injustice and inequality.
21. A. teachers B. classmates C. colleagues D. neighbors
22. A. complex B. remote C. rich D. ordinary
23. A. Instead of B. Regardless of C. Ahead of D. Apart from
24. A. relied on B. focused on C. gave up D. took up
25. A. Unusually B. Positively C. Instantly D. Fortunately
26. A. curiosity B. comfort C. strength D. intention
27. A. adjust B. express C. control D. relieve
28. A. training B. motivation C. credits D. resources
29. A. ambition B. reminder C. memory D. practice
30. A. approaches B. guides C. subscription D. access
31. A. entered B. absorbed C. attended D. participated
32. A. suggestions B. messages C. issues D. examples
33. A. Confidence B. Knowledge C. Bravery D. Construction
34. A. exposed B. applied C. introduced D. related
35. A. gain B. link C. show D. experience
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过上大学专注学习，认识到知识就是力量，能帮助自己走出种族问题带给自己的困境。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. teachers老师；B. classmates同学；C. colleagues同事；D. neighbors邻居。根据“Neither of my parents had graduated from middle school and I was the first in my family to ever enter a college campus.”可知，这里对比的是和作者同身份的学生。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. complex复杂的；B. remote遥远的；C. rich富的；D. ordinary普通的。根据前文的“Most of my life I had lived in a Black and Latino community.”可知，作者的家境一般，通过本句的“By contrast”可知，与作者相反，同学们的家境富裕，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. Instead of而不是；B. Regardless of不管；C. Ahead of在...前；D. Apart from除了。后文的“closed myself”与“sharing with others”形成反差，可知，此处应该意为“而是，作为……的替换”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. relied on依赖；B. focused on聚焦于，专注于；C. gave up放弃；D. took up占用。通过前文“thought I could get through it”可知，作者渴望通过专注于学习来熬过艰难的求学生涯。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，故事还没有结束。A. Unusually不同寻常地；B. Positively积极地；C. Instantly立刻；D. Fortunately幸运地。上一句提到“drop out”指出作者决定退学，后文“wasn’t the end of the story”说明一切并未结束。可知，此句与上一句构成转折关系，说明作者是幸运的。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找到了继续完成大学学业的力量和向导。A. curiosity好奇心；B. comfort舒适；C. strength强度，力量；D. intention打算。通过文章标题，以及后文中多次提到的“power”，可以推断出这里作者找到了心中的“力量”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理咨询为我提供了一个表达情绪的空间。A. adjust调整，适应；B. express表达；C. control控制；D. relieve缓解。通过后文“she helped me feel powerful”可知心理咨询师帮助作者变得强大，为作者提供了表达问题的空间。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：咨询师为我推荐书籍和其他资源，让我正视当下的经历，帮助我变得强大起来。A. training培训；B. motivation动机；C. credits学分，信用 ；D. resources资源。通过前面的“books”可知，心理咨询师为作者推荐书籍和其他资源。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自愿参加了学校的一个组织，这让我不断回想起自己进入大学的初衷。A. ambition追求的目标；B. reminder提醒；C. memory记忆；D. practice实践。根据下文中的“who reminded me so much of my own friends at home, inspired me to work for ____10____”可知，此处作者想表达参加社团提醒了自己回想起进入大学的初衷。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我与学生互动，让我想起了我在家里的朋友，激励我为低收入青年获得高等教育的机会而努力。A. approaches接近；B. guides指导；C. subscription订阅；D. access通道，入径。根据设空处前的“work for”以及后文的“higher education for low-income youth”可知，作者想要为低收入青年接受高等教育而努力，让他们有机会接受高等教育。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。A. entered进入；B. absorbed吸收；C. attended出席；D. participated参与。根据下文“ where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference”可知，我还参与了夏季城市项目。固定词组get involved in 意为“参与”，这里表示作者参与了夏季城市项目。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。 A. suggestions建议；B. messages消息；C. issues问题；D. examples示例。通过前文“start a conference”以及后文“of race and class”可知，作者与学生们针对一个专题进行了讨论。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知识就是力量。A. Confidence信心；B. Knowledge知识；C. Bravery勇敢；D. Construction建设。本句是本段的总结句，根据下文“I read books and chose courses to learn”可知，知识就是力量。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我阅读书籍，有意选择课程，以了解更多有关移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育的话题。A. exposed暴露；B. applied应用；C. introduced介绍； D. related联系。根据前文“I read books and intentionally chose courses to learn more about topics”以及后文“immigration, race, social class and urban education”可知，作者有意了解与移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育有联系的话题。be related to意为“与……相关的”。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些书籍和课程让我对自己遭受种族压迫的经历得到了深刻的理解。A. gain获得；B. link 连接；C. show显示；D. experience经验，体验。根据前文的“helped”以及后文“a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression”可知，作者对于自己的经历得到了深刻理解。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The humor effect is a cognitive bias (认知偏差) that causes people to remember information better when they regard it as humorous.
For example, when students ___36___ (teach) a new concept in a humorous way, such as through a funny story, they’re generally more likely to remember that concept, compared to if they learn it in a non-humorous manner. Information that has the same effect ___37___ concepts includes words, sentences, pictures, and ___38___ (mix) information, such as cartoons and videos.
Humor has various other benefits besides improving memory.
Humor reduces negative emotions, such as ___39___ (angry) or anxiety, which people might experience when processing certain information.
Humor ___40___ (lead) to increased interest. Adding humor to the information that you’re presenting can make it more interesting and appealing to others. For example, ___41___ (advertisement) that use humor receive more attention from people.
Humor, when ___42___ (proper) used in the right circumstances, can improve other people’s impression of you. For example, ___43___ (include) humor in a speech can positively impact the way in ___44___ listeners understand the speaker. Similarly, using humor can improve people’s impression of your warmth ____45____ competence, especially when you combine it with negative information that you need to tell.
【答案】36. are taught
37. on 38. mixed
39. anger 40. leads
41. advertisements
42. properly
43. including
44. which 45. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在不同情境下，使用幽默的好处。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：例如，当学生以幽默的方式学习一个新概念时，比如通过一个有趣的故事，与以非幽默的方式学习相比，他们通常更容易记住这个概念。时间状语从句的主语students与谓语teach构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数。故填are taught。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：对概念有相同影响的信息包括单词、句子、图片和混合信息，如漫画和视频。表示“对……有同样影响”短语为have the same effect on。故填on。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：对概念有相同影响的信息包括单词、句子、图片和混合信息，如漫画和视频。修饰后文名词information应用形容词mixed，意为“混合的”。故填mixed。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：幽默可以减少人们在处理某些信息时可能会经历的负面情绪，比如愤怒或焦虑。作介词的宾语，应用名词anger，不可数，与anxiety并列。故填anger。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：幽默能增加兴趣。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Humor，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填leads。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：例如，使用幽默的广告更受人们的关注。根据从句中use为原形，可知此处advertisement用复数。故填advertisements。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：幽默，如果在适当的场合使用得当，可以改善别人对你的印象。修饰动词used应用副词properly，故填properly。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在演讲中加入幽默可以对听众理解演讲者的方式产生积极影响。作句子的主语，应用动名词形式。故填including。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：例如，在演讲中加入幽默可以对听众理解演讲者的方式产生积极影响。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构修饰先行词way，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：同样，使用幽默可以改善人们对你的热情和能力的印象，尤其是当你把它与你需要告诉的负面信息结合在一起时。此处warmth与competence为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的留学生朋友小明给你写信表示在学习英语方面遇到一些障碍，他来信向你请教，请你给他写封回信。内容包括：
主要内容：
1. 写信目的；
2. 你的建议；
3. 你的祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Xiao Ming,
Hearing that you have difficulty in learning English, I’m writing to give you some practical advice about it.
First, you can listen to some English teachers’ lectures about pronunciation and sentence structures. Second, you’d better learn from your English friends and try to communicate with them. Third, reading some English classic works is a good choice. Last but not least, pay attention to the spellings of English words and practise writing a diary every day.
I sincerely hope my suggestions are helpful for you. Meanwhile, try your best to make progress in English as quickly as possible.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的建议信。要求考生向留学生朋友小明写封信，为其提供一些学习英语方面的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：first → first of all/initially
最后：last but not least→ finally/ lastly
真诚地：sincerely → genuinely
与此同时：meanwhile → at the same time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, you can listen to some English teachers’ lectures about pronunciation and sentence structures.
拓展句：First, you can listen to some English teachers’ lectures which are about pronunciation and sentence structures.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that you have difficulty in learning English, I’m writing to give you some practical advice about it.（运用了现在分词作状语和that连接的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I sincerely hope my suggestions are helpful for you.（运用了省略连接词that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once, my uncle brought home a cute little baby parrot. At first, I and my cousins were a little scared, because we didn’t know how to handle that little tender baby. My aunt eventually helped us out. She took it and kept it just as her baby. She fed it, she gave it occasional showers and eventually we became quite comfortable with it. Now there was another dilemma (困境) that we had — as we were not really aware of its gender (性别) we were unable to decide a name for the parrot. So finally my mom called it Mitthu. We agreed.
As it was growing, its wings started growing long, but my family was too possessive (占有欲强的) and caring towards Mitthu that they trimmed (修剪) its wings. They said if it flew, it wouldn’t be able to survive outside.
As time went by, we grew, so did Mitthu...It had by now started talking quite a lot...I was amazed by the way my aunt cared for it. She fed it anything and everything they had before eating. Mitthu was never kept in a cage from the beginning...it is still not kept in a eage... at first its wings were trimmed to protect it...but now as it has grown quite a lot, even its wings are not trimmed...
I sometimes wonder, it has the whole sky to fly, it is neither in a cage nor its wings are trimmed, then why isn’t it flying at all Maybe it is now quite attached to us and doesn’t want to leave us, or maybe it doesn’t want to leave this comfortable life and go away and face the hard reality of life. The answer may be anything, depending on how we view the situation.
But as I grew older, I realized that the life of Mitthu is not really very different from that of mine. I was cared too and thus was protected from really getting along with outside world. I made my house my world, just as it was taught to me. I guess so did Mitthu. The comfort of my hope became, and I guess Mitthu’s as well, the invisible chain that never actually will let us fly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
I guess not just I, but most of the girls feel the same.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The parrot flew today.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I guess not just I, but most of the girls feel the same. We are afraid of flying. We are afraid we might hurt our parents’ feelings. We are afraid we might end up hurting them if we take our own decisions. How similar our lives are! I and Mitthu might be two different beings but trapped in a similar situation. The baggage of feelings, emotions and attachment will never really allow us to fly independently!
The parrot flew today. It finally freed itself in true sense. Everyone at home is sad. My cousins have stopped eating, and they are continuously crying. Maybe they are not old enough to understand the true meaning of freedom so they are unable to understand Mitthu and are sad at losing it. But I am happy for Mitthu. I wish to get the equal courage soon. Dear parents, it’s good to love and protect your child. But sometimes overprotectiveness might harm their future, and it might influence their decisions in future. So now the parrot is really free!
【解析】
【导语】本文以鹦鹉的成长为线索展开，讲述了作者的叔叔带来一只小鹦鹉，在阿姨的精心照顾下与作者一样在长大，但是作者发现鹦鹉既没被关在笼子里，翅膀也没被修剪的情况下，仍然不飞走，由此作者感悟人生，觉得自己与这只鹦鹉一样，在被过度保护的环境下成长，可能严重影响到未来的发展。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我猜想这不仅是我这样认为，所有的女孩子都会这样想。”可知，第一段可描写作者对现在的生活感悟到了什么，要结合鹦鹉现在的生活与作者的相似点。
②由第二段首句内容“今天鹦鹉飞走了。”可知，第二段可描写看到鹦鹉飞走后家人的反应以及作者的感受。
2.续写线索：女孩们害怕独立的原因——与鹦鹉舒适生活的比较——鹦鹉飞走——家人与作者的感受——作者对成长的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.伤害：hurt/damage/harm
②.被困：be trapped in/be stuck in
③.大哭：cry/burst into tears
情绪类
①.害怕的：afraid/scared/frightened
②.伤心的：sad/heart-broken/sorrowful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. We are afraid we might end up hurting them if we take our own decisions. （运用了宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. How similar our lives are!（运用了感叹句）
[高分句型3]. Maybe they are not old enough to understand the true meaning of freedom so they are unable to understand Mitthu and are sad at losing it. （运用了不定式作结果状语以及so连接表因果关系的并列句）2024学年郑州市宇华实验学校高二下学期开学摸底考试
英 语
考生注意：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚;
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效;
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some hostels (旅社) that will help you save money when you’re traveling in Toronto, Canada.
HI Hostel Toronto
HI Hostel Toronto really gets what travelers need. The hostel is in a central location close to everything you need (shopping, restaurants, subway and more). It’s very easy to meet people here because there is a bar that hosts live music. The beds are super comfortable so you can have a good sleep. Free breakfast is included.
Beds from $45 every night.
Two Peas Pod Hostel
Two Peas Pod Hostel runs a store and a café. They have a super rooftop (屋顶) (you can see the CN Tower from it) and a mini movie theater. Their beds are super cool and comfortable. They have lockers underneath them so you can keep all your things safe. It’s almost like staying in a modern hotel but with the fun of a hostel. Enjoy a great stay with free breakfast.
Beds from $59 every night
The Only Backpacker’s Inn
This is your standard backpacker hostel. They have a bar and a café. There’s no free breakfast but the money you save makes up for that. It’s located near the subway so you can easily get around the city. It’s a good choice for travelers to meet people.
Beds from $37 every night.
The Parkdale Hostellerie
This is the most affordable hostel with free breakfast in the city. It’s not as central as the other hostels but that also makes one of its advantages: it is far from noise. The hostel is not the most modern but it has a welcoming, homey feel.
Beds from $26 every night
1. What can travelers do at HI Hostel Toronto
A. Drink coffee at a café. B. Watch a live music show.
C. See the CN Tower on the rooftop. D. Watch a film at a mini movie theater.
2. What makes The Only Backpacker’s Inn different from the others
A. It runs a store and a café. B. It offers comfortable beds.
C. It doesn’t offer free breakfast. D. It’s close to public transportation.
3. Which hostel should you choose if you want to live in a quiet place
A. HI Hostel Toronto. B. Two Peas Pod Hostel.
C. The Only Backpacker’s Inn. D. The Parkdale Hostellerie.
B
As the COVID-19 appeared, many people’s life changed.
At the beginning of March 2020, Boylan, a professor of Medicine Jon Bae, went from working onsite to being another role as a health economic analyst(分析家) of Duke University Health System. And a month into the pandemic(流行病), his daughter, Elora, was born. The past two years drew Boylan closer to his wife, Katie, “During the time of the pandemic, I am not one of those people who have time to learn how to bake bread or anything,” Boylan said. “I think, in terms of personal growth, I have learned much about how to live a happy life.”
By October of 2020, the pandemic had lasted for several months, and Melanie Thomas was feeling down. “How do I have a rich and full life during this special time and keep a positive attitude ” Thomas asked herself. She decided that she needed a goal that she could work out until the world opened up. For the next several months, Thomas began running, working out at a socially distant gym, and walked as much as she could every day. While the trip to Nepal was the goal, the exercise to prepare for it became a central piece of herself-care routine.
A few weeks ago, Mary Atkinson began spending the remaining daylight after work setting up a garden in the yard of her Greensboro home. She as well as her two-year-olds on, West, often played there with the sand and his toy truck. “This is something that never happened before the pandemic, and it gives much happiness to us,” said Atkinson.
During the pandemic, John Carbuccia, instead of eating lunch out or grabbing meals in the university canteen, found himself eating homemade breakfasts, lunches and dinners. Scrambled eggs with vegetables or simply prepared salmon fillets are some of his current favorites. And without having to rush to the company, he walks and runs around his neighborhood before and after work at home.
4. How was Boylan affected by the pandemic
A. He became a cooking master.
B. His income turned to be uncertain.
C. He lost his job.
D. He had a better understanding of living happily.
5. What did Thomas mainly do during the pandemic
A She visited Nepal. B. She lost weight.
C. She did exercise. D. She learned online.
6. What benefit did the garden built by Atkinson bring to her
A. It saved much space for storing sand. B. It provided comfortable office space.
C. It offered a good environment for sports， D. It improved the parent-child relationship.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. The features of working from home.
B. Tips on how to fight against the pandemic.
C. The change of people’s life during the pandemic.
D. An experiment in studying the meaning of life.
C
When you praise a dog, it’s listening to not just the words you say but also how you say them. That might not be huge news to dog owners. But now researchers have explored this phenomenon by using an imaging machine to look inside the brains of 13 dogs as they listened to their owners’ voice.
The reward pathway in the dogs’ brains lit up when they heard both praising words and an approving intonation (语调)—but not when they heard random (随机的) words spoken in a praising tone or praising words spoken in a flat tone, according to the researchers.
“Dogs deal with both what we say and how we say it in a way which is amazingly similar to how humans do it,” says Attila Andics, a neuroscientist in Hungary. When dogs hear speech, he explains, they seem to separate the meaning of words from the intonation. Then the left hemisphere (半球) of the brain deals with meaning, while intonation is dealt with in the right hemisphere.
All the dogs in the study were willing volunteers and were trained not to move in the scanner (扫描器). The dogs could get up and leave the machine whenever they wanted. But it was clear to the dogs that their human companions loved it when they did this very easy task. “They were really happy to take part,” says Andics. “The difficulty of the training was that they can’t move more than 3 millimeters in any direction, otherwise we will have to throw out all of the data.”
He says most dog owners have experimented with trying to “trick” their dogs by saying nonsense words in a cheerful, happy tone of voice. “I think the big difference here is that they only heard us, and they didn’t see us,” says Andics, because the dogs were inside the machine. “Here, the only information they had was the speech signal. What we saw is that for praise to be dealt with as a reward, when there is no other supporting information, both word meaning and intonation have to fit.”
8. What is regarded as a reward by dogs according to the study
A. Praising words in a flat tone. B. Random words in a flat tone.
C. Praising words in a praising tone. D. Random words in a praising tone.
9. How do dogs deal with what they hear
A. Focus more on the meaning. B. Focus more on the intonation.
C. Use information from their peers. D. Use the two parts of the brain.
10. What is a hard part of the training in Andics’opinion
A. Looking into the dogs’ brain activity.
B. Training dogs to stay still in the machine.
C. Keeping dogs separated from their owners.
D. Asking dogs to get up and leave the scanner.
11. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. Dogs Understand Tone and Meaning of Words
B. Dogs Indeed Know How to Praise
C. Dogs Can Recognize Owners’ Voices
D. Dogs Can Read Man’s Moods
D
What do we mean when we talk about repair The most commonly repaired items at home are wooden furniture and table lamps and other small lights, but many people express a level of discomfort for lack of knowledge about the skills required to repair them. However, we live in a time when many of the objects we buy come with limited lifespans(寿命) —especially technological and electrical goods.
Although some objects may require specialist aid, plenty of worn things around the home can be repaired there, if you know what you’re doing. “One hundred years ago, everyone needed to repair things themselves,” an expert says. “So many people had the skills, and they were passed down from generation to generation. And not only the skills, but also the tools. The tools almost became the memories of that repair and carried their own stories.”
Repair often feels pleasant because it is a moment of fixing. The holes can be filled. The gaps will be smoothed over. The language of repair has great significance in describing things: mending, fixing, restoring, rebuilding, piecing together. All are words we use for the objects around us, but also ones we apply to ourselves. We feel a little happy in the idea that few things are truly beyond salvage.
Repair is attractive for many reasons. It helps us think about how to care for the things we own. It makes us mindful of what we waste, and what we should hold on to. It reminds us to bend in closer and see the changes, the points where the needle went through the surface and pulled together something new.
12. How do many people feel when it comes to repairing things
A. Very confident. B. A little scared.
C. Particularly interested. D. Slightly uneasy.
13. Which of the following is true according to paragraph 2
A. Most worn things need to be repaired by specialists.
B. The repairing tools were once passed down for generations.
C. Words about repairing can not be used for people.
D. The process of repairing is often disappointing.
14. What does the underlined word “salvage” mean in paragraph 3
A. Reach. B. Description. C. Repair. D. Reason.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards repair
A. Indifferent. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Curious.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to improve your immune(免疫) health
As the temperatures drop and flu and cold season approaches, we need to start thinking about looking after our immune health. ___16___. These foods are rich in micronutrients such as Vitamin C and zinc, which support healthy immune function. Some ways plant-based nutrition can improve your immune system.
___17___
The relationship between smoking and/or excessive alcohol consumption and harmful immune-related health effects is well documented. Avoid breathing in any material that might be harm to the lungs, including vaping(电子烟). Try to reduce risky materials such as alcohol as these have a negative impact on immune health.
Get seven to nine hours restorative sleep every day
There is strong evidence that sleep improves immune defence. Try to aim for between seven and nine hours of good quality, restorative sleep every night. Improving sleep often starts by focusing on your daily habits, routines and bedroom environment. ___18___.
Stress less and spend more time with others
Stress promotes inflammation(炎症) and reduces your defence against infection. Meditation, a gratitude practice, yoga or breathwork can all help lower levels of cortisol, the main stress hormone. ___19___, whether it is volunteering in the community, picking up the shopping for an elderly neighbour, nurturing your friendships or making quality time for your friends and family.
Be physically active every day
___20___. Besides, it can help maintain healthy body weight and protect against a variety of diseases including viral and bacterial infections. Aim to be physically active every day for 30-60 minutes per day. Adults need at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity each week to acquire the most health benefits from physical activity.
A. Take exercise each day
B. It is important to seek advice
C. Avoid smoking and reduce alcohol
D. Develop a relaxing bedtime routine
E. Relationships also play a key role in our health
F. Regular exercise improves health and lowers blood pressure
G This means enjoying a diet based around fruit and vegetables
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For most of my life I had lived in the black and Latino community. Neither of my parents had graduated from middle school and I was the first in my family to ever enter a college campus. By contrast, most of my ____21____ came from generations of well educated family and had grown up in____22____ white suburbs. In the college, ____23____ sharing with others how I was feeling, I closed myself and thought I could get through it if I just ____24____ study. However, during the weeks before the winter break, I finally decided I would drop out. ____25____, that wasn’t the end of the story. I found ____26____ and guidance to continue to finish my college.
Consulting provided me with space to ____27____ my emotions. My consultant provided me with books and other ____28____ to understand what I was experiencing and she helped me feel powerful. Volunteering with a campus organization provided me with a constant ____29____ of why I was in college. My interactions with students, who reminded me so much of my own friends at home, inspired me to work for _____30_____ to higher education for low income youth. I also _____31_____ in a summer urban program, where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference to talk about _____32_____ of race and class.
_____33_____ is power. I read books and chose courses to learn more about topics _____34_____ to immigration, race, social class and urban education. These courses and books helped me _____35_____ a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression. Most importantly, I was equipped with the knowledge I needed to work against injustice and inequality.
21. A. teachers B. classmates C. colleagues D. neighbors
22. A. complex B. remote C. rich D. ordinary
23 A. Instead of B. Regardless of C. Ahead of D. Apart from
24. A. relied on B. focused on C. gave up D. took up
25. A. Unusually B. Positively C. Instantly D. Fortunately
26. A. curiosity B. comfort C. strength D. intention
27. A. adjust B. express C. control D. relieve
28. A. training B. motivation C. credits D. resources
29. A. ambition B. reminder C. memory D. practice
30. A. approaches B. guides C. subscription D. access
31. A. entered B. absorbed C. attended D. participated
32. A. suggestions B. messages C. issues D. examples
33. A. Confidence B. Knowledge C. Bravery D. Construction
34. A. exposed B. applied C. introduced D. related
35. A. gain B. link C. show D. experience
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The humor effect is a cognitive bias (认知偏差) that causes people to remember information better when they regard it as humorous.
For example, when students ___36___ (teach) a new concept in a humorous way, such as through a funny story, they’re generally more likely to remember that concept, compared to if they learn it in a non-humorous manner. Information that has the same effect ___37___ concepts includes words, sentences, pictures, and ___38___ (mix) information, such as cartoons and videos.
Humor has various other benefits besides improving memory.
Humor reduces negative emotions, such as ___39___ (angry) or anxiety, which people might experience when processing certain information.
Humor ___40___ (lead) to increased interest. Adding humor to the information that you’re presenting can make it more interesting and appealing to others. For example, ___41___ (advertisement) that use humor receive more attention from people.
Humor, when ___42___ (proper) used in the right circumstances, can improve other people’s impression of you. For example, ___43___ (include) humor in a speech can positively impact the way in ___44___ listeners understand the speaker. Similarly, using humor can improve people’s impression of your warmth ____45____ competence, especially when you combine it with negative information that you need to tell.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的留学生朋友小明给你写信表示在学习英语方面遇到一些障碍，他来信向你请教，请你给他写封回信。内容包括：
主要内容：
1. 写信目的；
2. 你的建议；
3. 你的祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once, my uncle brought home a cute little baby parrot. At first, I and my cousins were a little scared, because we didn’t know how to handle that little tender baby. My aunt eventually helped us out. She took it and kept it just as her baby. She fed it, she gave it occasional showers and eventually we became quite comfortable with it. Now there was another dilemma (困境) that we had — as we were not really aware of its gender (性别) we were unable to decide a name for the parrot. So finally my mom called it Mitthu. We agreed.
As it was growing, its wings started growing long, but my family was too possessive (占有欲强的) and caring towards Mitthu that they trimmed (修剪) its wings. They said if it flew, it wouldn’t be able to survive outside.
As time went by, we grew, so did Mitthu...It had by now started talking quite a lot...I was amazed by the way my aunt cared for it. She fed it anything and everything they had before eating. Mitthu was never kept in a cage from the beginning...it is still not kept in a eage... at first its wings were trimmed to protect it...but now as it has grown quite a lot, even its wings are not trimmed...
I sometimes wonder, it has the whole sky to fly, it is neither in a cage nor its wings are trimmed, then why isn’t it flying at all Maybe it is now quite attached to us and doesn’t want to leave us, or maybe it doesn’t want to leave this comfortable life and go away and face the hard reality of life. The answer may be anything, depending on how we view the situation.
But as I grew older, I realized that the life of Mitthu is not really very different from that of mine. I was cared too and thus was protected from really getting along with outside world. I made my house my world, just as it was taught to me. I guess so did Mitthu. The comfort of my hope became, and I guess Mitthu’s as well, the invisible chain that never actually will let us fly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
I guess not just I, but most of the girls feel the same.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The parrot flew today.
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