2023—2024学年上学期期末考试
高一英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 测试范围：
5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the boy have to hurry
A. He has to get up early.
B. He is late for the school trip.
C. He hasn’t started cleaning his teeth.
2. When can Charlotte watch her program according to the boy
A. When she wants to.
B. When her mother says so.
C When the boy plays football.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Co-workers. C. Husband and wife.
4. How will the man go to work
A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus.
5. What did the woman do
A She repaired a skirt.
B. She bought a new skirt.
C. She made a hole in a skirt.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man want to do
A. Start a team project. B. Plan an evening out. C. Hold a dinner party.
7. What will the speakers start planning soon
A. What they will eat. B. Who they will invite. C. Where they will celebrate.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the weather like
A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
9. What does the woman suggest taking
A. A laptop. B. A sun hat. C. A spare pair of boots.
10. What does the man decide to do in the end
A. Keep to the plan. B. Give up camping. C. Plan another trip.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How does the woman feel about her exam results
A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Shocked.
12. What does the man suggest they do
A. Throw a party. B. Go for a picnic. C. Run in the park.
13. What will the man do next
A. Text his friends. B. Meet his parents. C. Apply to a university.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the man think has improved after learning Italian
A. His reading ability. B. His memory. C. His curiosity.
15. Where did the woman know about the benefit of language learning
A. From a teacher. B. From an article. C. From a language partner.
16. What does the woman probably want to do
A. Go to Germany. B. Teach at a college. C. Take Portuguese classes.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the main topic of the talk
A. The future of the planet.
B. The introduction of new houses.
C. The ways to protect the environment.
18. Where is the talk being given
A. In an office. B. In a garden. C. In a house.
19. Why does the speaker ask the listeners to put up their hand
A. To hear about their questions.
B. To count the number of people present.
C. To see how many people have made a decision.
20. What are the neighbors encouraged to do
A. Pick flowers. B. Plant vegetables. C. Relax in the garden.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 共15小题;(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Cool Languages
Chinese
Around 1.4 billion people speak Chinese. Chinese is a tonal (声调的) language, meaning that changing the tone of just one syllable (音节) can affect a word’s meaning. Chinese writing has ancient roots, which is thought to have developed starting around 2000 B. C.
Arabic
Over 370 million people speak Arabic. Written Arabic uses a cursive-style font (连笔) that looks more like artworks than writing. Arabic is written from right to left rather than left to right, making it different from many other languages.
English
Around 379 million people speak English as a native language. It’s an official language in a huge number of other countries.
English is the most widely spoken second language, with over a billion people speaking it as a non-native language. That means around twice as many people speak English as a second language than people who speak it as a first language.
Italian
Nearly 68 million people speak Italian. If you play music or sing, chances are that you already know a lot of Italian because many familiar musical terms are actually Italian.
Not only will learning Italian help you pick up vocabulary, but it will also help you understand the meanings of musical terms in greater depth.
1. What is a feature of Arabic
A. It doesn’t have cursive-style fonts. B. It helps artists with their artworks.
C. It is written from right to left. D. It is closely related to music.
2. Which language is the most widely used as a second language in the world
A. Arabic. B. English. C. Chinese. D. Italian.
3. What’s the number of people who speak Italian
A. Nearly 68 million. B. Around 370 million.
C. Over 379 million. D. Around 1.4 billion.
B
WHY SHENNONGJIA
As we know, in 2016, Shennongjia made it on to the UNESCO World Heritage List. But there are so many important places not yet on this list. So you might ask: why Shennongjia
UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria required by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species to live and prosper. It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve.
For the first criterion, Shennongjia is apparently one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3, 000 metres above sealevel, giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”.
For the second criterion, we can see that Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity. Look at this slide. According to official statistics, over 3, 000 plant species have been recorded there. This represents more than ten percent of China’s total floral richness.
It is a challenge to look after so many species. In winter, scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. Thanks to their efforts, the monkey’s population has doubled since the 1980s.Their number reached over 1, 300 in 2015 and continues to grow.
But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people, who take things from nature without causing damage. I visited a local village which is known for its home-made honey. What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. All of this explains why Shennongjia earned—and deserves—its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List, as well as highlighting how understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world.
4. Why is Shennongjia included in the UNESCO World Heritage List
A. Because its forests stretch on and on like great green seas.
B. Because it is the legendary father of Chinese herbal medicine.
C. Because it satisfies the two requirements for the status.
D. Because it has the mysterious creature called “Yeren”.
5. Shennongjia is also called the“ ”.
A. Roof of Central China B. Roof of Northern China
C. Roof of Eastern China D. Roof of Southern China
6. How does the author think of the scientists in Shennongjia
A. Patient. B. Careful. C. Confident. D. Hard-working.
7. According to the text, what impressed the author most
A. A local village. B. The local people.
C. Some special monkeys. D. The wild bees.
C
The Yellow River is the cradle of China’s civilization. And flood control and prevention have always been key to the well-being of the people living along it. Now, scientists can better work on these issues by giving the river a digital twin.
The digital twin of the Yellow River uses various technologies, including big data, artificial intelligence, and the internet of things. Devices (设备) set up along the river collect and transmit information to the center. Based on the information, a 3D model of the river is presented on the computer screen. It’s like the Yellow River has a twin that reflects its real conditions.
One big breakthrough in the river’s digital governance (治理) is “smart stones”. According to Wang Qin, a lead researcher at the Information Center of Yellow River Henan Bureau, a smart stone is a water-proof stone-shaped device with chips, a battery, and a signal transmitter. They are buried in important dike (堤坝) locations to record and report the movement of dike stones. “Upon feeling movement of the dike stones, the smart stone sends an alarm to the center for quick response,” Wang said.
“In the past, researchers had to learn the conditions of the dike on the spot by themselves, putting their lives at risk,” said Zhao Xiao from the bureau. “Now the smart stones can do this for us, more safely, quickly, and accurately.”
And in the sky, drones (无人机) are flying. On the routes designed by engineers, the drones become expert patrollers (巡逻员) of the river, looking at its dikes and flood prevention projects. According to Shen Lin from the Yellow River Conservancy Commission, thanks to the drones, researchers at the command center can get first-hand photos and information. “Researchers then update the 3D model according to the changes the drones reported. The newly updated model helps us test our floodwater release plans in case we ever need to batten down the hatches (未雨绸缪), ”said Shen.
Under the water and up in the sky, intelligence systems are helping to protect the Yellow River Basin on all fronts. According to the Ministry of Water Resources, in the future, we can expect to see the construction of an even more comprehensive digital system for this important river.
8. What is the main purpose of creating a digital twin of the Yellow River
A. To conduct historical research.
B. To create a virtual tourist attraction.
C. To raise public awareness of river protection.
D. To improve flood control and prevention efforts.
9. How do the smart stones contribute to the river’s digital governance
A They record water quality.
B. They improve the river’s beauty.
C. They monitor and report dike movements.
D. They serve as markers for important locations.
10. What is one of the functions of drones in the digital governance of the Yellow River
A. Entertaining tourists. B. Collecting information on dike conditions.
C. Patrolling and take wildlife photos. D. Testing water quality.
11. What does the under lined word “comprehensive” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Complete. B. Basic. C. Beautiful. D. Natural.
D
Any creature or person that has both organic (与有机体有关的) and non-organic body parts can technically be considered a cyborg. This means that anyone who has a pace-maker to control their heartbeat, or a cochlear implant (耳蜗移植) to restore their hearing, could technically be called one.
The above are examples of “restorative” cyborgs, because technology is restoring an ability that a healthy human would normally have. More recent advancements in this field include robotic arms and legs, which are controlled by sensors (传感器) to receive muscle signals. Recently, brain implants have allowed disabled people to perform simple computer tasks.
But with these rapid advances in technology, another variety of cyborg will soon become more common— ‘Advanced’ cyborgs. If it’s possible to make man-made body parts which are as good as their organic ones, then surely it will become possible to make ones that are even better.
Possible cyborg advancements that may exist in the future include man-made joints which increase your speed and strength. Advanced brain chips (芯片) which allow you to control machines with a thought. Or visual implants which improve your eyesight or allow you to see colors that can’t be seen previously to the human eye.
However, some people worry that this technology could be dangerous. New ways of exciting the pleasure centers of people’s brains could lead to new forms of addiction. Others worry that it could lead to inequality in healthcare, with the high cost of implants causing the wealthy to gain further advantages over the poor.
Implants which restore the abilities of those who are injured are a wonderful medical advancement. But as physical enhancements that allow people to do more and live longer become more common, the choice will be between combining with machines or being left behind.
12. Which of the following is a cyborg
A. A pace-maker. B. A robot with strong arms.
C. A brain implant. D. An animal with a robotic leg.
13. What ability may an advanced cyborg have according to the text
A. Seeing more colors than normal people. B. Directing people with brain.
C. Creating the man-made joints. D. Repairing the organic body parts.
14. What can we infer from the text
A. The poor could gain new addiction. B. The wealthy could live longer than the poor.
C. Cyborgs no longer need healthcare. D. Cyborgs could avoid any form of injury.
15. Where can the text be found
A. A report on a robotic project. B. A fictional novel on cyborgs.
C. A fitness and well-being brochure. D. A magazine on new science.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese culture values family bonds (纽带) very much. Family members don’t just gather during the holidays, in fact they often live under one roof all year round.
Different cultures have different family values. ____16____
In most East Asian cultures, extended families (大家庭) are common. ____17____ According to the Atlantic, 90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandparents. Chinese people believe that “a grandparent is a treasure to their family”.
In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families (小家庭). These are only made up of children and their parents.
Additionally, the duties parents have toward their children can also differ.
____18____ It’s normal for parents to pay for their children’s college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment. Chinese adults also follow their parents’ opinions when making major life decisions, more often than not.
In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn 18. ____19____ Also, if they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen by some as a failure on their part.
While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy and independence. ____20____ Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.
A. But in the end home is best — east or west.
B. Nuclear families are the most common type in China.
C. Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time.
D. Families in the east and west are very different from each other.
E. These families have three or even four generations living together.
F. In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.
G. Many college students often work part-time in order to pay for tuition and rent.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in my college, I have a full class schedule and a part-time job. I ____21____ had time for exercise. On top of that, my lifestyle as a starving college student lent itself to many a fast-food run. Undoubtedly, I was ____22____.
After graduation, I decided to go to the ____23____.Together with a friend, I began to work out ____24____. I was very satisfied. My friend, however, became ____25____. One day, he suggested that we take up a sport.
Me Sports No way. I was not ____26____, and no one was going to change my mind. However, after a few weeks, I stepped onto an outdoor racquetball court (球场) unwillingly. I hit the ball, sending it flying in every direction (方向) except for the direction that I had ____27____.
But just as I was beginning to feel comfortable.my friend suggested we play tennis ____28____. Tennis I can’t play tennis! I was ____29____ against his new suggestion. However, weeks later, I found myself standing on a tennis court.____30____.I ran after every ball that he served to me, completely ____31____ about ninety percent of them, and hitting the rest into the woods and the other court.
The first few months were quite ____32____. But one day, as the ball came flying toward me, my racket and the ball finally met in what tennis players consider as the “sweet spot”. I watched ____33____ as my return landed powerfully on the other side of the court, almost exactly where I had aimed. I had finally learned how to play tennis properly (正确的)!
Obviously, if I hadn’t stepped outside of my comfort zone (区域), I would have never ____34____how much I enjoyed tennis. I began to try new things willingly, with a sense of ____35____.
21.
A. seldom B. always C. finally D. still
22.
A. lazy B. overweight C. diet D. good
23.
A. woods B. court C. gym D. zone
24.
A. often B. independently C. skillfully D. properly
25.
A. calm B. inspired C. angry D. bored
26.
A. relaxed B. rich C. afraid D. athletic
27.
A. changed B. expected C. followed D. traveled
28.
A. formally B. normally C. again D. instead
29.
A. hardly B. strongly C. partly D. strangely
30
A. Awkwardly B. Actively C. Amazingly D. Rudely
31.
A. carrying B. missing C. seeing D. holding
32.
A. useful B. sweet C. satisfying D. hard
33.
A. in peace B. in person C. in surprise D. in a hurry
34.
A. questioned B. wondered C. discovered D. remembered
35.
A. excitement B. fear C. duty D. pride
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese characters are so ____36____ (amaze) that even many foreigners are crazy about them. For the past three decades, Richard Sears has been focused on one thing: telling many____37____ (story) behind Chinese characters. His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972, when he was a 22-year-old physics major in the USA.
He built a website in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymology (词源), ____38____ provides visitors with opportunities to check the development of Chinese characters in a variety of forms for free. Because of this well-received website, he ____39____ (become) Uncle Hanzi, a nickname (昵称) which was given by Chinese netizens.
In September, Sears set up ____40____ (he) studio in Nanjing as part of the local government’s plan to promote Chinese culture. To help both Chinese ____41____ foreign learners have a better understanding of Chinese characters, the studio concentrates ____42____ telling stories behind Chinese characters with the aid of technology. They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for Bilibili, a popular video website among young people. ____43____ (watch) the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters, leaving them a deep ____44____ (impress).
With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support, _____45_____ (many) people will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters fully.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你的美国朋友Charles将来中国过春节并了解到将会收到中国亲友的压岁钱(lucky money)。因此, 他来信想了解压岁钱这一中国春节习俗。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 压岁钱的寓意；
2. 收压岁钱的礼仪。
注意: 1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，割据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Surprise!” was the first thing I heard when I opened the door. My family and friends were all smiling at me. There were colorful balloons all over the house, a big poster saying "HAPPY BIRTHDAY'', and of course a cake with 12 candles. It was a wonderful feeling. I knew that I had finally turned twelve and I might possibly get the thing I wanted most.
I saw my mom and dad coming towards me with a small box which seemed to be a birthday present. When I opened the box, I couldn't believe my eyes. I had really gotten a mobile phone! Throwing myself into their arms, I let out a cry of joy, “Thank you! I love you guys!”
“You're welcome. We knew this was going to make you happy but we didn't only get you this because you turned twelve, but also because you are doing well in school. We expect you to keep getting good grades."
“Of course I will." I said confidently.
As soon as I got to school the next morning, I was showing off my phone and asking everyone for their number. It was cool how I got so many contacts on the first day.
It felt like I didn't even exist in that class anymore. I wouldn't pay much attention to the teachers because I was too busy on my phone. However, I didn't get caught using it.
I am pretty sure that the teacher did notice that I stopped paying attention to her because a week later we took a test and I failed. What was worse, my mom had to sign the test.
It was hard to show my mom the test. She was used to seeing A's and B's on my tests. Finally, I showed it to her, and she couldn't believe it. She was angry but most of all, she was disappointed.
注意：
1.续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2,续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已给出。
Paragraph 1:
Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Then I started to wonder if I was wrong.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023—2024学年上学期期末考试
高一英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 测试范围：
5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the boy have to hurry
A. He has to get up early.
B. He is late for the school trip.
C. He hasn’t started cleaning his teeth.
2. When can Charlotte watch her program according to the boy
A. When she wants to.
B. When her mother says so.
C. When the boy plays football.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Co-workers. C. Husband and wife.
4. How will the man go to work
A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus.
5. What did the woman do
A. She repaired a skirt.
B. She bought a new skirt.
C. She made a hole in a skirt.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man want to do
A. Start a team project. B. Plan an evening out. C. Hold a dinner party.
7. What will the speakers start planning soon
A. What they will eat. B. Who they will invite. C. Where they will celebrate.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the weather like
A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
9. What does the woman suggest taking
A. A laptop. B. A sun hat. C. A spare pair of boots.
10. What does the man decide to do in the end
A. Keep to the plan. B. Give up camping. C. Plan another trip.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How does the woman feel about her exam results
A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Shocked.
12. What does the man suggest they do
A. Throw a party. B. Go for a picnic. C. Run in the park.
13. What will the man do next
A. Text his friends. B. Meet his parents. C. Apply to a university.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the man think has improved after learning Italian
A. His reading ability. B. His memory. C. His curiosity.
15. Where did the woman know about the benefit of language learning
A. From a teacher. B. From an article. C. From a language partner.
16. What does the woman probably want to do
A. Go to Germany. B. Teach at a college. C. Take Portuguese classes.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the main topic of the talk
A. The future of the planet.
B. The introduction of new houses.
C. The ways to protect the environment.
18. Where is the talk being given
A. In an office. B. In a garden. C. In a house.
19. Why does the speaker ask the listeners to put up their hand
A. To hear about their questions.
B. To count the number of people present.
C. To see how many people have made a decision.
20. What are the neighbors encouraged to do
A. Pick flowers. B. Plant vegetables. C. Relax in the garden.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 共15小题;(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Cool Languages
Chinese
Around 1.4 billion people speak Chinese. Chinese is a tonal (声调的) language, meaning that changing the tone of just one syllable (音节) can affect a word’s meaning. Chinese writing has ancient roots, which is thought to have developed starting around 2000 B. C.
Arabic
Over 370 million people speak Arabic. Written Arabic uses a cursive-style font (连笔) that looks more like artworks than writing. Arabic is written from right to left rather than left to right, making it different from many other languages.
English
Around 379 million people speak English as a native language. It’s an official language in a huge number of other countries.
English is the most widely spoken second language, with over a billion people speaking it as a non-native language. That means around twice as many people speak English as a second language than people who speak it as a first language.
Italian
Nearly 68 million people speak Italian. If you play music or sing, chances are that you already know a lot of Italian because many familiar musical terms are actually Italian.
Not only will learning Italian help you pick up vocabulary, but it will also help you understand the meanings of musical terms in greater depth.
1. What is a feature of Arabic
A. It doesn’t have cursive-style fonts. B. It helps artists with their artworks.
C. It is written from right to left. D. It is closely related to music.
2. Which language is the most widely used as a second language in the world
A. Arabic. B. English. C. Chinese. D. Italian.
3. What’s the number of people who speak Italian
A. Nearly 68 million. B. Around 370 million.
C. Over 379 million. D. Around 1.4 billion.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四种很酷的语言。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Arabic 中“Arabic is written from right to left rather than left to right, making it different from many other languages.(阿拉伯语是从右到左而不是从左到右书写的，这使它与许多其他语言不同。)”可知，阿拉伯语从右往左写。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 English 中“English is the most widely spoken second language, with over a billion people speaking it as a non-native language. That means around twice as many people speak English as a second language than people who speak it as a first language.(英语是使用最广泛的第二语言，有超过10亿人将其作为非母语。这意味着将英语作为第二语言的人数大约是将其作为第一语言的人数的两倍。)”可知，作为第二语言使用最广泛的是英语。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Italian 中“Nearly 68 million people speak Italian.(将近6800万人说意大利语。)”可知，近6800万人说意大利语。
B
WHY SHENNONGJIA
As we know, in 2016, Shennongjia made it on to the UNESCO World Heritage List. But there are so many important places not yet on this list. So you might ask: why Shennongjia
UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria required by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species to live and prosper. It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve.
For the first criterion Shennongjia is apparently one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3, 000 metres above sealevel, giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”.
For the second criterion, we can see that Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity. Look at this slide. According to official statistics, over 3, 000 plant species have been recorded there. This represents more than ten percent of China’s total floral richness.
It is a challenge to look after so many species. In winter, scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. Thanks to their efforts, the monkey’s population has doubled since the 1980s.Their number reached over 1, 300 in 2015 and continues to grow.
But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people, who take things from nature without causing damage. I visited a local village which is known for its home-made honey. What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. All of this explains why Shennongjia earned—and deserves—its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List, as well as highlighting how understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world.
4. Why is Shennongjia included in the UNESCO World Heritage List
A. Because its forests stretch on and on like great green seas.
B. Because it is the legendary father of Chinese herbal medicine.
C. Because it satisfies the two requirements for the status.
D. Because it has the mysterious creature called “Yeren”.
5. Shennongjia is also called the“ ”.
A. Roof of Central China B. Roof of Northern China
C. Roof of Eastern China D. Roof of Southern China
6. How does the author think of the scientists in Shennongjia
A Patient. B. Careful. C. Confident. D. Hard-working.
7. According to the text, what impressed the author most
A. A local village. B. The local people.
C. Some special monkeys. D. The wild bees.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神农架被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录的原因。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria required by the list. (联合国教科文组织授予神农架这一地位，是因为它满足了名录所要求的两个标准。)”可知，联合国教科文组织将神农架授予这一地位，因为它符合清单所要求的两个标准。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”(因此被称为“华中屋脊”)”可知，该地区被誉为“华中屋脊”。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“It is a challenge to look after so many species. In winter, scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. (照顾这么多的物种是一项挑战。在冬天，科学家们冒着大雪和寒冷的气温为金丝猴提供食物。)”可推断，作者认为照顾如此多的物种的科学家们是努力的、辛苦的。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people (但神农架最令人印象深刻的是当地人)”可知，神农架最令人印象深刻的方面是当地人。故选B。
C
The Yellow River is the cradle of China’s civilization. And flood control and prevention have always been key to the well-being of the people living along it. Now, scientists can better work on these issues by giving the river a digital twin.
The digital twin of the Yellow River uses various technologies, including big data, artificial intelligence, and the internet of things. Devices (设备) set up along the river collect and transmit information to the center. Based on the information, a 3D model of the river is presented on the computer screen. It’s like the Yellow River has a twin that reflects its real conditions.
One big breakthrough in the river’s digital governance (治理) is “smart stones”. According to Wang Qin, a lead researcher at the Information Center of Yellow River Henan Bureau, a smart stone is a water-proof stone-shaped device with chips, a battery, and a signal transmitter. They are buried in important dike (堤坝) locations to record and report the movement of dike stones. “Upon feeling movement of the dike stones, the smart stone sends an alarm to the center for quick response,” Wang said.
“In the past, researchers had to learn the conditions of the dike on the spot by themselves, putting their lives at risk,” said Zhao Xiao from the bureau. “Now the smart stones can do this for us, more safely, quickly, and accurately.”
And in the sky, drones (无人机) are flying. On the routes designed by engineers, the drones become expert patrollers (巡逻员) of the river, looking at its dikes and flood prevention projects. According to Shen Lin from the Yellow River Conservancy Commission, thanks to the drones, researchers at the command center can get first-hand photos and information. “Researchers then update the 3D model according to the changes the drones reported. The newly updated model helps us test our floodwater release plans in case we ever need to batten down the hatches (未雨绸缪), ”said Shen.
Under the water and up in the sky, intelligence systems are helping to protect the Yellow River Basin on all fronts. According to the Ministry of Water Resources, in the future, we can expect to see the construction of an even more comprehensive digital system for this important river.
8. What is the main purpose of creating a digital twin of the Yellow River
A To conduct historical research.
B. To create a virtual tourist attraction.
C. To raise public awareness of river protection.
D. To improve flood control and prevention efforts.
9. How do the smart stones contribute to the river’s digital governance
A. They record water quality.
B. They improve the river’s beauty.
C. They monitor and report dike movements.
D. They serve as markers for important locations.
10. What is one of the functions of drones in the digital governance of the Yellow River
A. Entertaining tourists. B. Collecting information on dike conditions.
C. Patrolling and take wildlife photos. D. Testing water quality.
11. What does the under lined word “comprehensive” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Complete. B. Basic. C. Beautiful. D. Natural.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黄河数字孪生体的创建目的、运行方式和发展。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“And flood control and prevention have always been key to the well-being of the people living along it. Now, scientists can better work on these issues by giving the river a digital twin. (洪水的控制和预防一直是生活在这条河上的人们幸福生活的关键。现在，科学家们可以通过给河流一个数字孪生体来更好地解决这些问题。)”可知，创建黄河数字孪生体的主要目的是加强防洪工作。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“They are buried in important dike (堤坝) locations to record and report the movement of dike stones. (它们被埋在重要的堤坝上，以记录和报告堤坝石块的运动。)”可知，智能石头监测和报告堤防的运动。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段中“On the routes designed by engineers, the drones become expert patrollers (巡逻员) of the river, looking at its dikes and flood prevention projects. (在工程师设计的路线上，无人机成为河流的专业巡逻员，监视河堤和防洪工程。)”可知，无人机在黄河数字化治理中的作用之一是收集堤防状况信息。故选B。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章最后一段中“Under the water and up in the sky, intelligence systems are helping to protect the Yellow River Basin on all fronts. According to the Ministry of Water Resources, in the future, we can expect to see the construction (水下和空中，情报系统正在帮助保护黄河流域的各个方面。根据水利部的说法，在未来，我们可以期待看到这条重要河流的建设)”可知，水下和空中，情报系统正在帮助保护黄河流域的各个方面，希望在未来，可以看到这条重要河流的更全面的数字系统的建设。由此猜测，划线词意为“全面的”。A. Complete完整的，全面的；B. Basic基础的；C. Beautiful美丽的；D. Natura自然的。故选A。
D
Any creature or person that has both organic (与有机体有关的) and non-organic body parts can technically be considered a cyborg. This means that anyone who has a pace-maker to control their heartbeat, or a cochlear implant (耳蜗移植) to restore their hearing, could technically be called one.
The above are examples of “restorative” cyborgs, because technology is restoring an ability that a healthy human would normally have. More recent advancements in this field include robotic arms and legs, which are controlled by sensors (传感器) to receive muscle signals. Recently, brain implants have allowed disabled people to perform simple computer tasks.
But with these rapid advances in technology, another variety of cyborg will soon become more common— ‘Advanced’ cyborgs. If it’s possible to make man-made body parts which are as good as their organic ones, then surely it will become possible to make ones that are even better.
Possible cyborg advancements that may exist in the future include man-made joints which increase your speed and strength. Advanced brain chips (芯片) which allow you to control machines with a thought. Or visual implants which improve your eyesight or allow you to see colors that can’t be seen previously to the human eye.
However, some people worry that this technology could be dangerous. New ways of exciting the pleasure centers of people’s brains could lead to new forms of addiction. Others worry that it could lead to inequality in healthcare, with the high cost of implants causing the wealthy to gain further advantages over the poor.
Implants which restore the abilities of those who are injured are a wonderful medical advancement. But as physical enhancements that allow people to do more and live longer become more common, the choice will be between combining with machines or being left behind.
12. Which of the following is a cyborg
A. A pace-maker. B. A robot with strong arms.
C. A brain implant. D. An animal with a robotic leg.
13. What ability may an advanced cyborg have according to the text
A. Seeing more colors than normal people. B. Directing people with brain.
C. Creating the man-made joints. D. Repairing the organic body parts.
14. What can we infer from the text
A. The poor could gain new addiction. B. The wealthy could live longer than the poor.
C. Cyborgs no longer need healthcare. D. Cyborgs could avoid any form of injury.
15. Where can the text be found
A. A report on a robotic project. B. A fictional novel on cyborgs.
C. A fitness and well-being brochure. D. A magazine on new science.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是半机械人以及但随着科技的飞速发展，另一种“高级”半机械人将很快变得更加普遍。文章介绍了它们的优点以及担忧。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Any creature or person that has both organic (与有机体有关的) and non-organic body parts can technically be considered a cyborg.(任何具有有机和非有机身体部位的生物或人在技术上都可以被认为是半机械人)”可知，有机械腿的动物是半机械人。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Or visual implants which improve your eyesight or allow you to see colors that can’t be seen previously to the human eye. (或者是视觉植入物，它可以改善你的视力，或者让你看到以前人眼看不到的颜色)”可知，高级半机械人能够比正常人看到更多的颜色。故选A。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Others worry that it could lead to inequality in healthcare, with the high cost of implants causing the wealthy to gain further advantages over the poor.(另一些人则担心，这可能会导致医疗保健领域的不平等，因为植入物的高成本会让富人进一步获得相对于穷人的优势)”可推知，富人可能比穷人活得长。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The above are examples of “restorative” cyborgs, because technology is restoring an ability that a healthy human would normally have. More recent advancements in this field include robotic arms and legs, which are controlled by sensors (传感器) to receive muscle signals. Recently, brain implants have allowed disabled people to perform simple computer tasks.(以上是“恢复性”半机械人的例子，因为技术正在恢复健康人通常拥有的能力。该领域的最新进展包括机器人手臂和机器人腿，它们由传感器控制以接收肌肉信号。最近，大脑植入物使残疾人能够执行简单的计算机任务)”结合文章主要说明了什么是半机械人以及但随着科技的飞速发展，另一种“高级”半机械人将很快变得更加普遍。文章介绍了它们的优点以及担忧。可推知，文章选自关于新科学的杂志。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese culture values family bonds (纽带) very much. Family members don’t just gather during the holidays, in fact they often live under one roof all year round.
Different cultures have different family values. ____16____
In most East Asian cultures, extended families (大家庭) are common. ____17____ According to the Atlantic, 90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandparents. Chinese people believe that “a grandparent is a treasure to their family”.
In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families (小家庭). These are only made up of children and their parents.
Additionally, the duties parents have toward their children can also differ.
____18____ It’s normal for parents to pay for their children’s college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment. Chinese adults also follow their parents’ opinions when making major life decisions, more often than not.
In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn 18. ____19____ Also, if they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen by some as a failure on their part.
While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy and independence. ____20____ Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.
A. But in the end, home is best — east or west.
B. Nuclear families are the most common type in China.
C. Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time.
D. Families in the east and west are very different from each other.
E. These families have three or even four generations living together.
F. In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.
G. Many college students often work part-time in order to pay for tuition and rent.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方的家庭差异很大。中国文化非常重视家庭的纽带作用，而西方则重视隐私和独立性。但是不论是东方或西方，家永远都是最好的地方。
【16题详解】
上文“Different cultures have different family values.(不同的文化有不同的家庭价值观)”说明不同的文化的价值观。由此可知，D项Families in the east and west are very different from each other.(东方和西方的家庭各不相同)承接上文内容，是对上文内容的进一步阐述，句中的Families和different都与空前内容呼应。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“In most East Asian cultures, extended families (大家庭) are common.(在大多数东亚文化中，大家庭是很常见的)”提到几世同堂的现象在大多数东亚文化中很常见。由此可知，E项These families have three or even four generations living together.(这些家庭有三代甚至四代人住在一起)为进一步具体解释这一现象，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“It’s normal for parents to pay for their children’s college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment.(父母支付孩子的大学学费，帮助他们找工作，或者给他们买房子是很正常的)”可知，空格处放在段首，起到总领全段的作用，主要讲述父母对子女从小到大的照顾。由此可知，F项In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.(在中国，许多父母一直照顾他们的孩子直到他们成年)正好概括了父母对孩子从小到大的照顾，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn 18.(然而，在大多数西方国家，孩子们通常在18岁后搬出家)”可知，空格处承接上文讲述孩子离家后的生活。由此可知，G项Many college students often work part-time in order to pay for tuition and rent.(为了支付学费和房租，许多大学生经常兼职工作)承接上文内容，讲述了西方孩子离家后的生活，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy and independence.(东方人更看重亲密的家庭关系，而西方人看重隐私和独立)”可知，东西方是有不同的；再结合下文“Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.(对全世界的人来说，家庭永远是爱、温暖和关怀的源泉)”可知，空格处起的是承上启下作用。由此可知，A项But in the end, home is best — east or west.(但归根结底，无论东方还是西方，家都是最好的)中的But承接上文，表示语意的转折；“home is best — east or west(无论东方还是西方，家都是最好的)”承接下文“Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.(对全世界的人来说，家庭永远是爱、温暖和关怀的源泉)”表示无论东方还是西方，家都是最好的。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in my college, I have a full class schedule and a part-time job. I ____21____ had time for exercise. On top of that, my lifestyle as a starving college student lent itself to many a fast-food run. Undoubtedly, I was ____22____.
After graduation, I decided to go to the ____23____.Together with a friend, I began to work out ____24____. I was very satisfied. My friend, however, became ____25____. One day, he suggested that we take up a sport.
Me Sports No way. I was not ____26____, and no one was going to change my mind. However, after a few weeks, I stepped onto an outdoor racquetball court (球场) unwillingly. I hit the ball, sending it flying in every direction (方向) except for the direction that I had ____27____.
But just as I was beginning to feel comfortable.my friend suggested we play tennis ____28____. Tennis I can’t play tennis! I was ____29____ against his new suggestion. However, weeks later, I found myself standing on a tennis court.____30____.I ran after every ball that he served to me, completely ____31____ about ninety percent of them, and hitting the rest into the woods and the other court.
The first few months were quite ____32____. But one day, as the ball came flying toward me, my racket and the ball finally met in what tennis players consider as the “sweet spot”. I watched ____33____ as my return landed powerfully on the other side of the court, almost exactly where I had aimed. I had finally learned how to play tennis properly (正确的)!
Obviously, if I hadn’t stepped outside of my comfort zone (区域), I would have never ____34____how much I enjoyed tennis. I began to try new things willingly, with a sense of ____35____.
21.
A. seldom B. always C. finally D. still
22.
A. lazy B. overweight C. diet D. good
23.
A. woods B. court C. gym D. zone
24.
A. often B. independently C. skillfully D. properly
25.
A. calm B. inspired C. angry D. bored
26.
A. relaxed B. rich C. afraid D. athletic
27.
A. changed B. expected C. followed D. traveled
28.
A. formally B. normally C. again D. instead
29.
A. hardly B. strongly C. partly D. strangely
30.
A. Awkwardly B. Actively C. Amazingly D. Rudely
31.
A. carrying B. missing C. seeing D. holding
32.
A. useful B. sweet C. satisfying D. hard
33.
A. in peace B. in person C. in surprise D. in a hurry
34.
A. questioned B. wondered C. discovered D. remembered
35.
A. excitement B. fear C. duty D. pride
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者在朋友的鼓励和陪伴下走出自己的舒适区，开始尝试新运动，并最终收获快乐的故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很少有时间锻炼。A. seldom很少；B. always总是；C. finally最终；D. still仍然。根据前文“I have a full class schedule and a part-time job”（我的课表排满了，还有一份兼职工作。）可知，作者时间安排很满，几乎没有时间锻炼。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，我超重了。A. lazy懒惰的；B. overweight超重的；C. diet低糖的；D. good好的。根据前文“I ___1____had time for exercise”（我很少有时间运动）和“On top of that, my lifestyle as a starving college student lent itself to many a fast-food run. ”（最重要的是，我作为一名饥肠辘辘的大学生吃了很多快餐。）可知，作者缺乏锻炼，经常吃快餐，所以会超重。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，我决定去健身房。A. woods森林；B. court法院；C. gym健身房；D. zone地区。根据后文“I began to work out”（我开始健身了）可知，作者决定去健身房锻炼。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：和一个朋友一起，我开始经常锻炼。A. often经常；B. independently独立地；C. skillfully有技巧地；D. properly合适地。根据前文“I began to work out”（我开始健身了）和后文“I was very satisfied.”（我非常满意）可知，作者应该是开始经常健身，并且有一点点效果，才会对自己健身的结果表示满意。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很满意。然而，我的朋友却感到无聊。A. calm冷静的；B. inspired受鼓舞的；C. angry生气的；D. bored厌倦的。根据前文“I was very satisfied. My friend, however”（我很满意。但我的朋友却……）可知，虽然作者很满意，但朋友由于经常健身，因此对于和作者这种健身小白在健身房锻炼感到无聊。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我吗？运动吗？不可能。我不擅长运动，没有人能改变我的想法。A. relaxed放松的；B. rich富有的；C. afraid害怕的；D. athletic运动的。根据前文“Me Sports No way”（我吗？运动吗？不可能。）可知，作者朋友提到要开始新的运动时拒绝了自己的朋友，因为作者认为自己不善于运动。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打了球，使它向四面八方飞去，就是没有飞向我期待的方向。A. changed改变；B. expected期待；C. followed跟随；D. traveled旅行。根据前文“sending it flying in every direction except for the direction”（球向四面八方飞去，就是没有飞向我预定的方向。）可知，球并没有往作者期待的方向飞去。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但就在我开始觉得舒服的时候，我的朋友却建议我们打网球。A. formally正式地；B. normally正常地；C. again再一次；D. instead反而。根据前文“But just as I was beginning to feel comfortable, my friend suggested we play tennis”（但就在我开始觉得舒服的时候，我的朋友建议我们打网球。）可知，作者逐渐喜欢上这项运动时，朋友却提出了新的建议。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我强烈反对他的新建议。A. hardly几乎不；B. strongly强烈地；C. partly部分地；D. strangely奇怪地。根据前文“Tennis I can’t play tennis!”（网球？我不会打网球！）可知，作者非常不赞同朋友的建议。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尴尬的是，我追着他传给我的每一个球，百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打进了树林和另一个场地。A. Awkwardly笨拙地，尴尬地；B. Actively积极地；有活力地；C. Amazingly令人惊讶地；D. Rudely无礼地。根据后文“I ran after every ball that he served to me, completely ____11____ about ninety percent of them, and hitting the rest into the woods and the other court.”（我追着他传给我的每一个球，百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打进了树林和另一个场地。）可知，作者一开始几乎接不住朋友的球，很尴尬。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尴尬的是，我追着他传给我的每一个球，百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打进了树林和另一个场地。A. carrying拿着；B. missing未击中；C. seeing看见；D. holding握住。根据后文“The first few months were quite ____12____. ”（前几个月十分艰难）可知，百分之九十的球都击不中，说明作者刚开始打球的时候是很艰难的，很多球都打不中。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几个月非常艰难。A. useful有用的；B. sweet甜蜜的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. hard艰难的。根据前文“completely ____11____about ninety percent of them, and hitting the rest into the woods and the other court.”（百分之九十的球都打偏了，剩下的球都打进了树林和另一个场地。）可知，作者一开始打网球很艰难。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我惊讶地看到，我的回击有力地落在了球场的另一边，几乎正是我瞄准的地方。A. in peace和平地；B. in person亲自；C. in surprise惊奇地；D. in a hurry赶快。根据后文“almost exactly where I had aimed”（我看到我的回击正好落在了我瞄准的地方）可知，作者看到自己击出去的球正好落在自己瞄准的地方，说明作者这段时间练球有效果，对此应该感到非常惊喜。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，如果我没有走出我的舒适区，我永远不会发现我有多喜欢网球。A. questioned质疑；B. wondered想知道；C. discovered发现；D. remembered记住。根据后文“how much I enjoyed tennis”（我多么喜欢网球）可知，若是没有走出舒适区，作者将永远不会发现自己是喜欢网球的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着一种兴奋感开始心甘情愿地尝试新事物。A. excitement兴奋；B. fear害怕；C. duty责任；D. pride自豪。根据前文“I began to try new things willingly”（我开始乐意尝试新鲜事物）可知，作者是带着对新事物的兴奋感。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese characters are so ____36____ (amaze) that even many foreigners are crazy about them. For the past three decades, Richard Sears has been focused on one thing: telling many____37____ (story) behind Chinese characters. His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972, when he was a 22-year-old physics major in the USA.
He built a website in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymology (词源), ____38____ provides visitors with opportunities to check the development of Chinese characters in a variety of forms for free. Because of this well-received website, he ____39____ (become) Uncle Hanzi, a nickname (昵称) which was given by Chinese netizens.
In September, Sears set up ____40____ (he) studio in Nanjing as part of the local government’s plan to promote Chinese culture. To help both Chinese ____41____ foreign learners have a better understanding of Chinese characters, the studio concentrates ____42____ telling stories behind Chinese characters with the aid of technology. They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for Bilibili, a popular video website among young people. ____43____ (watch) the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters, leaving them a deep ____44____ (impress).
With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support, _____45_____ (many) people will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters fully.
【答案】36. amazing
37. stories
38. which
39. became
40. his 41. and
42. on 43. Watching
44. impression
45. more
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了理查德·西尔斯一直专注于讲述汉字背后故事。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：汉字是如此神奇，以至于许多外国人都为之疯狂。此处修饰物，表示“惊人的”，应用形容词amazing，作表语。故填amazing。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在过去的三十年里，理查德·西尔斯一直专注于一件事：讲述许多中国汉字背后的故事。由many可知，应用story的复数形式，作宾语。故填stories。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他在2002年建立了一个网站，并将其命名为“汉语词源学”，在这个网站上，访问者可以免费查看各种形式的汉字的发展情况。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a website，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：因为这个广受欢迎的网站，他成了中国网民给他起的绰号“汉字叔叔”。此处在句中作谓语，根据“was given”可知，描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填became。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：今年9月，西尔斯在南京成立了自己的工作室，这是当地政府推广中国文化计划的一部分。此处修饰名词studio，应用形容词性物主代词his，作定语。故填his。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，该工作室致力于借助技术手段讲述汉字背后的故事。both...and...“既……又……，两个都”是固定搭配。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，该工作室致力于借助技术手段讲述汉字背后的故事。固定搭配concentrate on，意为“专注于”。故填on。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。此处作主语，陈述一般情况，应用动名词，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Watching。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。此处应用名词impression作宾语，由a可知，应用单数形式，leave sb. a deep impression，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填impression。
【45题详解】
考查比较级。句意：在西尔斯等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，更多的人将充分领略汉字的美。根据上文“With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support”可知，在西尔斯等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，会有更多人学习汉字，此处应用many的比较级more作定语，修饰people。故填more。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你的美国朋友Charles将来中国过春节并了解到将会收到中国亲友的压岁钱(lucky money)。因此, 他来信想了解压岁钱这一中国春节习俗。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 压岁钱的寓意；
2. 收压岁钱的礼仪。
注意: 1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Charles,
Aware that you will come to China and are interested in the culture of lucky money, I’m happy to tell you something about it.
Lucky money, given to children by their elders as a way to express good wishes, holds a deep symbolic meaning in Chinese culture. In addition, the red envelopes believed to drive away evil spirits symbolize prosperity and happiness.
When children receive lucky money, there are certain good manners to follow. Children should greet their elders respectfully with phrases like “Happy New Year”. They should also take the envelope with both hands and say “Thank you” to show gratitude and respect towards their elders.
Overall, lucky money is an important part of Chinese New Year celebrations. I hope you will enjoy the Spring Festival in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生美国朋友Charles写一封回信，向他介绍压岁钱这一中国春节习俗。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy→delighted
另外：In addition→What’s more
感激：gratitude→thanks
总之：Overall→All in all
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Lucky money, given to children by their elders as a way to express good wishes, holds a deep symbolic meaning in Chinese culture.
拓展句：Lucky money, which is given to children by their elders as a way to express good wishes, holds a deep symbolic meaning in Chinese culture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Lucky money, given to children by their elders as a way to express good wishes, holds a deep symbolic meaning in Chinese culture.（运用了过去分词given充当后置定语）
高分句型2】In addition, the red envelopes believed to drive away evil spirits symbolize prosperity and happiness.（运用了过去分词believed充当定语修饰名词短语red envelopes）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，割据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Surprise!” was the first thing I heard when I opened the door. My family and friends were all smiling at me. There were colorful balloons all over the house, a big poster saying "HAPPY BIRTHDAY'', and of course a cake with 12 candles. It was a wonderful feeling. I knew that I had finally turned twelve and I might possibly get the thing I wanted most.
I saw my mom and dad coming towards me with a small box which seemed to be a birthday present. When I opened the box, I couldn't believe my eyes. I had really gotten a mobile phone! Throwing myself into their arms, I let out a cry of joy, “Thank you! I love you guys!”
“You're welcome. We knew this was going to make you happy but we didn't only get you this because you turned twelve, but also because you are doing well in school. We expect you to keep getting good grades."
“Of course I will." I said confidently.
As soon as I got to school the next morning, I was showing off my phone and asking everyone for their number. It was cool how I got so many contacts on the first day.
It felt like I didn't even exist in that class anymore. I wouldn't pay much attention to the teachers because I was too busy on my phone. However, I didn't get caught using it.
I am pretty sure that the teacher did notice that I stopped paying attention to her because a week later we took a test and I failed. What was worse, my mom had to sign the test.
It was hard to show my mom the test. She was used to seeing A's and B's on my tests. Finally, I showed it to her, and she couldn't believe it. She was angry but most of all, she was disappointed.
注意：
1.续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2,续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已给出。
Paragraph 1:
Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Then I started to wonder if I was wrong.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone. They said they had noticed that I never paid attention to them. It was like I had my own little world. So they thought we didn't communicate as much with my phone. They regretted having given me a phone, which made me ignore the family and study.
Then I started to wonder if I was wrong. A week later I tried going a whole day without a phone and it didn’t go that badly. I had so much fun because I was actually spending time with my family and paying attention to them. From that day, I had a different opinion towards phones. Phones really take you away from the rest of the world. I' m not saying that phones are bad and not to use them, but you do have to spare some time to spend with your family and not get stuck with your phone all day.
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了作者生日时，因为他已经12岁，并且在学校表现非常出色，父母给他一部手机作为生日礼物，作者非常的开心。他在学校炫耀手机，记下同学们的电话号码并且在课上也只关注手机，背着老师玩手机，无心听课学习。考试了，成绩一塌糊涂，他拿着成绩单让妈妈签字，妈妈既生气又失望。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“意识到我失败的原因，我的父母开始不想要我有手机。”可知，第一段可描写作者的父母发现作者有手机之后的一些变化和感受。
②由第二段首句内容“我开始怀疑是不是我错了。”可知，第二段可描写作者反思自己的行为后，开始放下手机，做出改变。
2.续写线索：父母抱怨——我的反思——放下手机——关注交流——改变态度
3.词汇激活
行为类
①. 关注：pay attention to/focus on sth./be concerned about
②. 交流：communicate with sb./chat with sb./exchange ideas with
③. 改变：change one's mind/have a different opinion towards
情绪类
①. 抱怨：complain/say sth. angrily/make a complaint
②. 抱歉：feel sorry/regret/feel apologetic
【点睛】[高分句型1]. They said they had noticed that I never paid attention to them. （省略that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. They regretted having given me a phone, which made me ignore the family and study.（关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. I had so much fun because I was actually spending time with my family and paying attention to them.（because引导的原因状语从句）
